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英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结(完整)

英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结(完整)
英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结(完整)

宾语从句用法及其例句

宾语从句用法

时态:

1、主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。

2、主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.

3、主句用过去时,从句就是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。

一、宾语从句得连接词

从属连词

连接宾语从句得从属连词主要有that,if,whether、

that引导表示陈述句得宾语从句,

if与whether引导表示“就是否”得一般疑问句得宾语从句、

He toldme(that hewould) gotothe college the nex t year

她告诉我她明年上大学、

I don't know if therewillbe a bus any more、

我不知道就是否还会有公交车、

Nobodyknew whether he couldpass theexam、

没人知道她就是否会通过考试、

连接代词

连接代词主要有who,whom,whose ,what,whoever ,whomever ,whosever,whatever, whichever等、

连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述、

Do you know whohaswonRedAlert game?

您知道就是谁赢得了红色警报得游戏?

The bookwillshow you what the best CEOs should know、

这本书会告诉您最好得执行总裁该了解些什么、

Have you determined whichever you shouldbuy,aMotorola or Nokia cell phone?

您决定好就是买诺基亚还就是摩托罗拉得电话了吗?

连接副词

连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等、

He didn’t tellme when we shouldmeet again、

她没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面、

Couldyou pleasetell me how you use thenew panel?

您能告诉我怎么用这个新得操作盘吗?

None ofus knows where these newparts can bebought、没有人知道这些得新得零件能在哪里买到、

二、动词得宾语从句

大多数动词都可以带宾语从句

We all expectthatthey will win,for members of their tea m arestronger、

我们都预料她们会赢,因为她们得队员更强壮、

He told us that they would helpus through the whole work、她告诉我们在整个工作中,她们都会帮忙得、

部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句

Ihave found outthat all thetickets forthe concert haveb eensold out、

我发现这场音乐会得所有票都卖光了、

Can youwork out how much we will spend duringthe tri p?

您能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?

动词短语也可以带宾语从句

常见得这些词有:

make sure确保make up one'smind下决心keep in mind牢记

Make sure thatthereare no mistakes in yourpapersb eforeyou turnthemin、

在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误、

可运用形式宾语it代替得宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语得时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置、

I think it necessary thatwetakeplentyof hot water every

day 、

我认为每天多喝开水就是有必要得、

I feelit a pitythat I haven’tbeen to theget-together、

我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾、

Ihave made it a rule that I keep diaries、

我每天写日记成了习惯、

Weall find it important that we(should) makeaqui ck decision about this mater、

我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要、

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate,take, owe,have,seeto、

I hateitwhen they withtheirmouths full of food、

我讨厌她们满嘴食物时说话、

He willhaveit that our plan isreally practical、

她会认为我们得计划确实可行、

We take it thatyou will agree with us、

我们认为您会同意我们得、

Whenyoustart the engine, you mustsee to it that caris inneutral、

开启发动机时,一定要使汽车得离合器处于空挡位置、

③若宾语从句就是wh-类,则不可用it代替

We all consider what you said tobe unbelievable、

我们都认为您所说得就是不可信得、

Wediscoveredwhat we hadlearned to be valuable、

我们发现我们所学到得东西都就是有用得、

三、介词得宾语从句

用wh—类得介词宾语从句

Weare talkingaboutwhether weadmit students intoour clu b、

我们正在讨论就是否让学生加入我们得俱乐部、

Thenewbook isabout how Shenzhou 6manned spaceship was sent up into space、

这本新书就是关于神州6号载人航天飞船就是如何升入太空得、

用that,if引导得介词宾语从句

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导得宾语从句

I knownothingaboutmy newneighbor exceptthathe used to work with a pany、

对于我得新邻居我只知道她曾在一家公司上班,其她一无所知、

四、形容词得宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句得形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,so rry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

I am sure I will passtheexam、

我确信我会通过考试、

I am sorry that I have troubledyouso long、

很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰您、

Heis gladthatLi Mingwentto see him whenhewas ill、她很高兴在她生病得时候李明能去瞧望她、

五、if,whether在宾语从句中得区别

①if与whether在作“就是否"解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,car e,wonder,findout等之后,介词后一般不用if

②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后得宾语从句常用wheth er、

③whether后可以加ornot,但就是if不可以、

④在不定式前只能用whether、

(如:I can’tdecide whether to stay、我不能决定就是否留下。)

⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if、

六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that

当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词得宾语时;

当宾语从句较长时;

当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;

当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;

当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个t hat不可以省略;

当宾语从句中得主语就是this,that或this,that做主语得定语时;

当宾语从句就是双宾语中得直接宾语时;

当宾语从句得主语就是非谓语动词或主语从句时;

当主语中得谓语动词就是固定词组时;

当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;

在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时、

七、宾语从句得否定转移

宾语从句得反意疑问句

主句得谓语动词就是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espe ct,fancy,guess等,并且主句得主语就是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句得否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致、

I don’t think he will e to my party、而不能说成I thinkhe won’te to my party、

我认为她不会来我得舞会、

I don't believe that man is killed byJim,is he?

我认为那个人不就是Jim所杀得,就是不就是?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义得形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式、

Wefind that henever listenstothe teachercarefully,does he?

我们发现她从来不仔细听老师讲课,就是不就是?

八、宾语从句得时态与语序

当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句得时态一般不受主句得时态所影响、

当主句为过去时

①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生

I only knew he wasstudying in a western country,but I didn’tknow whatcountry he wasin、

我只知道她当时在西方得一个国家读书,可不知道就是哪个国家、

Heasked me if I wasreadingthe story TheOld Man an dtheSeawhenhe wasin、

她问我她进来得时候我就是否正在读<<老人与海>〉、

②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前

He told me that hehad told Mary aboutthe meetingalread y、

她告诉我她已经把有关会议得事情告诉了Mary、

③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后

The reporterasked ifthe government would takenecess ary measurestoputdown the to—do、

记者问政府就是否会采取必要得措施镇压骚乱、

如果从句就是一个客观真理,那么从句得时态不根据主句得时态而变化

The teacher said that themoongoesaround theearthyesterday、

老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转、

当宾语从句得引导词就是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首

Who doyouthink the publicmight choose as their favorite singerthis year?

您认为今年公众会选谁为她们最喜欢得歌手、

[编辑本段]

宾语从句(版本二)

学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序与时态。

1、连接词

1。从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。

2。从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether.在whether … or not结构中不能用if 替换。

3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等得疑问代、副词作连接词。

注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其她

2、判断时态情况:

1、主句就是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况。

2、主句就是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态注意:从句描绘客观事实,用一般现在时。

eg:

1、Theteacher told the children that thesun____ round、

A、wasB、is C、wereD、are

2、I believe thatourteam____ thebasketball match、

A、win

B、won

C、willwin

D、wins

3、Idon’tknow____ to visitthe old man、

A、whether

B、ifC、that D、who

4、Thesoldiers soon reached()was once an old temple()the villagers usedas a school、

A、which;where

B、what;which

C、where;which D、what;wh ere

答:选B,动词reach后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,where不可,which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义,不知道哪一座庙宇,而就是用what从句表陈述含义,意“过去得一座旧庙宇";temple后为对其修饰得定语从句,用关系代词which代替,并在从句中作动词used得宾语,use sth、as…“把…用作…

宾语从句用作宾语。如:

Do you know where helives?

定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面得名词。如:

The studentwho answered the question was John、回答问题得学生就是John、

This isthe man whomhe islookingfor、

Do you know thegirl whois in red?

语法~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

3、宾语从句得用法

1、that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外:

(1)介词宾语从句得that不省略

(2)and连接得几个从句,第二个从句以后得从句得that不省略。

He toldme that he hadtwo sonsandthat theyboth had gone tocollege、

(3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中,that不省略。

I heard it said that hehad gone abroad

Wefound itimpossible that hecould finish itinsuch a shor t time

2、Whether,if 引导宾语从句:两词可互换,但就是下列情形除外:

(1)whether从句中有or not

(2)whether从句做介词宾语

Everything dependson whether you agreewith us

3、许多带复合宾语得句子,宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it做形式宾语。结构常就是:

主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句

Wethink it wrongthat he toldalie to everyone

4、宾语从句得语序要用陈述句语序

False: He is wondering whencanhe finish thisdifficultjob、

Right:He is wonderingwhenhecan finish this difficult job、

B 有时候可以用it作形式宾语,而把真正得宾语从句放在后面.

Bad: Ithought that hecould finish thisjob in justtwo hours impossible、

Good:I thought it impossible thathe couldfinishthis jobin just two hours、

Bad:He leftwhether we should continuethis projectto my judgment、

Good: Heleftit to my judgmentwhether weshouldco ntinuethis project、

C 带有宾语从句得复合句得否定形式一般就是否定主句。

Bad:I think he doesn’t like theEnglish teacher、

Good:I don’t thinkhe likes the Englishteacher、

D 主句一般过去时态,从句也要用过去时态;具体细节请瞧第一部分。

False:He wanted to know whyhe is cryinginthe corner、

Right: He wanted to knowwhy he was cryingin the corner、[编辑本段]

宾语从句(版本三)

宾语从句,在复合句中作宾语,位于及物动词后。

eg。

Tellhim which class you are in .

Doyou know whathe likes?

注:

(1)主、从句时态一致:

主句谓语过去时,从句相应过去时;

He answered that he was listening to me、

主句谓语现在时,从句时态任所需;

eg。Hesays (that) he willleave amessageon my desk、They know (that)he is working hard、

具体过去永不变,真理格言现在时;

eg.He told me that he was born in1980、

Father told me that practicemakes perfect 、

(2)否定前移,及完成反意问句

在think/ believe/ suppose / guess /imagine /expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致。(注:否定前移得条件就是,主句主语就是第一人称)

eg。Idon't thinkyou are right,are you ?

Idon't believe they havefinished their work yet,have they?

(3)运用虚拟语气得情况

在表示:

建议suggest、advise、propose;

要求demand、desire、request;

决定decide;

命令order、mand、require;

坚决主张insist;

等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)

eg.Isuggested thatyou(should)study hard。

He ordered that we should go out atonce.

(4)宾语从句后置情况

如果宾语从句后有宾语补语,用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句后置

eg.You may think it strange thathe would live there.

(5)宾从中that不可省略得情况

宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略

A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其她不能省略。

eg。Ibelieve(that)you have doneyour bestandthat things willgetbetter.

B。当it作形式宾语时

eg.She made itclear that she had nothing todo with hi m.

C。当宾语从句前置时

eg。That ourteam will win,Ibelieve.

[编辑本段]

宾语从句(版本四)

一、定义与宾从例句分析

宾语从句就就是一个句子作动词或介词得宾语。

A作动词得宾语:

I heard the news、

主语谓语动词名词作宾语

I heardthathe woulde here lateron、

主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语———宾语从句

B 作介词得宾语:

He saidnothing about the plan、

主语谓语动词代词作动词得宾语介词名词作介词得宾语

He said nothing about whobroke the window last night、主语谓语动词代词作动词得宾语介词一个句子作介词得宾语

二、带有宾语从句得复合句得构成

带有宾语从句得复合句就就是用连接词把一个主句与一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有:that(可省略),what,who,when,where,why, which,if,whether,how、

1He suggested (that) we shouldclean thecorridorevery d ay、

宾语

2 Hetold me (that)he would leave Dalianairport at8p m、

间接宾语直接宾语

3 He told mewhere he wasgoing to travel thatsummer、

间接宾语直接宾语

4He wanted to know what the manager had said at the mee ting、

whohadn’t passed the exam、

when she would leave this building、

why she cried last night、

where she wasgoingto study、

whichstudentwas his partner in the short play、

if(whether)Tom couldplaybasketball withhim that morning、

howshe managed tosolve the problem、

why water flowsfrom a high position to a lowerposition、在例子4中,当主句就是过去时态时(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态得一种,(大自然得现象与真理除外).

5Heis wantingto know whatIcan cook fordinner、whobroke the windowyesterday、

when I can haveaholiday、

whyIfailedthe exam yesterday、

whereI should have dinner withmyfriend tonight、

which book isthebest one、

if(whether)Ihavepassed theexam、

how my cat escaped fromthe room lastnight、

在例子5中,当主语就是现在时态时(一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,现在完成时),从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态.

三、注意

A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序.

False:Heis wonderingwhen canhefinish thisdifficult job、

Right:He iswondering when hecanfinishthis difficult job、

B有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正得宾语从句放在后面。

Bad: Ithoughtthat he could finish this job in just two hour s impossible、

Good: I thoughtit impossiblethat hecouldfinish this jobin just twohours、

Bad: He left whetherweshouldcontinue this project to myjudgment、

Good:He left it tomyjudgment whether weshouldconti nue thisproject、

C 带有宾语从句得复合句得否定形式一般就是否定主句。

Bad:I thinkhe doesn’tlike theEnglishteacher、

Good: I don’tthink he likes the English teacher、

D主句一般过去时态,从句也要用过去时态;具体细节请瞧第一部分。

False: He wantedto know why he is crying in the corner、

Right:He wanted toknow whyhe was cryingin the corner、宾语从句得点点滴滴宾语从句就是英语复合句中得其中非常重要得从句之一。它就是用一个句子做另一个句子得宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词得宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下:

一,引导词

A,由that引导得陈述句性得宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think,wish ,h ope, see,believe,agree, expect,hear ,feel等动词后.连词that 只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子得成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还就是以不省为好,特别就是在笔语中.

例:I told him that he was wrong、

l在think,believe,suppose, expect等动词引起得宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管就是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式.

例:I don’t think you are right、(我认为您做得不对)

l在许多带有复合宾语得句子中,that引导得宾语从句经常移到句子得后面,而用it做形式宾语。

例:Wethink it wrong that he told a lie to everyone(我认为她向每一个人撒谎就是错误得)

B,由连词if、whether 引导得表示“就是否…”得宾语从句.Whether,if 在从句中不做句子得成分,一般情况下,whether与if可以替换。

例:I don’t know if/whetherhewille tomorrow、

The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experimen t、

l在介词后面得宾语从句中不用if引导

例:Everything dependsonwhether we have enoughmoney.

l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导、

例:I don’tknowwhether the moviestarwill e ornot、l与不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导、

例:Whether to gothere or nothasn'tbeendecided、C,由wh—引导得宾语从句.连接代词who,whom,whose, what,which,与连接副词when,where,why,how等连接得宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句得作用,又在句中充当句子得成分。

例:Do you knowwhich film theyare talking about? (which做定语)

I don’t know where he lives、(where 做地点状语)

二,宾语从句得语序,

宾语从句从句得语序必须就是陈述语序,即连接词+主语+谓语+其她成分

例:I believe that they will e soon、

Heaskedme whether I wasateacher、

Theywanted toknow whattheycan doforus、

二,宾语从句得时态.

宾语从句得时态受主句得限制,

既:主句就是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定.

主句就是一般过去时态,从句用相应得过去得时态。如果从句得动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。

例:

1)She saysthat she isastudent、

Shesaidthat she was a student、

2)Shesays thatshe will fly to Japan in a week、

She said that she would fly to Japanina week、

3)Shesays thatshe hasfinished her homework already、

She saidthat she had finished herhomeworkalready、4)She says that she cansing a song inEnglish、

Shesaid thatshe could sing a song in English、

l如果宾语从句说得就是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

例:Theteacher said that the earthgoesround thesun、

He told me that Japan is an islandcountry、

lCouldyou tell me…就是用来征询对方得意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。

例:Couldyoutell me whenwe will visit the Histury Mus eum?

注意事项:

u由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称得变化。

例:Shesaid: “I have been to England before、"

She said that she had been to England before、

Sheasked me: “Do you likemaths?”

She asked me if I liked maths、

u宾语从句与简单句得交换。

由连接代词与连接副词引导得宾语从句,如果宾语从句得主语与主句得主语就是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式

”做宾语得简单句结构。

例:Idon't knowwhat I shoulddo next、

I con’t know what to do next、

Hedidn'tknow where he would live、

He didn’tknow whereto live、

DO SOME EXERCISES:

1、Can you see________?

A、what he’sreading B、what is he reading

C、whatdoes he read

D、he readswhat

2、DoesJackefrom Japan? Doyou know?(合并成一个句子)

Doyou know_____Jack _____from Japan?

3、_What did yourson say in the letter?

_Hetoldme thathe___the Disney would the next day

A、will visit

B、has visited

C、is going to visit

D、would visit

4、Hedidn’t know__________

A、what’sthe matter B、what the matter is

C、whatwasthe matter

D、what the matter was

5、Somebodycalled you just now,but Ididn’t know____

A、who werethey

B、who they were

C、who was it D、who it was

6、I wantto know_____

A、whatis his name

B、what’shis name

C、that his name is

D、what his nameis

7、—--Couldyou tell me ___she is looking for?

---Her cousin,susan、

A、thatB、whose C 、whoD、which

8、-—-What are you searching the Internet for?

-—-I’m trying to findout____、

A、What is thedifference between SARS andBIRDFLU

B、How manypersonshave died inIraq

C、How to protect our environment

D、Whyisour Chineseteam beable to beat Korea

9、Do youknow___________?(谁正在唱歌)

10、Do youknow___________?(她正在与谁谈话)

11、Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)

Thekeys:1A、2 if ,es、3D、 4 C、5D、6D、7C、8B

9 whois singing

10 who she istalking with

11 what happened yesterday

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