Production of juvenile redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus

海底两万里中关于海中的植物的知识英文回答：In Jules Verne's novel "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea," the author takes us on a thrilling adventure beneath the waves, exploring the mysterious world of the deep sea. One fascinating aspect of this underwater world is the presence of marine plants.Marine plants, also known as sea plants or aquatic plants, play a crucial role in the ocean ecosystem. They are primary producers, meaning they convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. Just like plants on land, marine plants use chlorophyll to capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy, which is then used to fuel their growth and survival.There are various types of marine plants, each with its own unique adaptations to the underwater environment. For example, seagrasses are flowering plants that have adaptedto live in the shallow coastal areas. They have long,ribbon-like leaves that can withstand the constant movement of the water. Seagrasses provide important habitats for many marine species, including fish, crabs, and sea turtles.Another type of marine plant is seaweed, which includes various species such as kelp, algae, and sargassum. Seaweeds are known for their rapid growth and can be foundin both shallow and deep waters. They have a complex structure with holdfasts that anchor them to the oceanfloor and fronds that extend towards the surface. Seaweeds are a source of food for many marine animals and also provide shelter and protection.Marine plants not only contribute to the biodiversityof the ocean but also have important ecological functions. They help to oxygenate the water by releasing oxygen during photosynthesis. Additionally, they act as carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in their tissues. This helps to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing the amount of greenhouse gasesin the atmosphere.In addition to their ecological importance, marineplants also have practical uses for humans. For example, certain seaweeds are used in the production of foodproducts such as sushi and seaweed snacks. They are also used in the cosmetic industry for their moisturizing andanti-aging properties. Furthermore, marine plants have the potential to be a renewable source of biofuels, as they can be converted into energy-rich fuels.中文回答：在朱尔斯·凡尔纳的小说《海底两万里》中，作者带领我们踏上了一场激动人心的冒险之旅，探索了神秘的海底世界。

生命的礼赞，永远的红鲑鱼现在正是深秋，是观赏鲑鱼洄游的好时节，世界上很多地方都有洄游河流，我也看到过，不过没有这个帖子拍的好，描述得这么清楚，故转帖过来，呵呵Adams River 位于BC省Kamloops市以东，过小城Chase十几公里处，指Adams Lake和Shuswap Lake之间12公里长的狭长水域。

那里水浅流急，河床布满细沙和鹅卵石，是红鲑鱼（Sockeye）产卵和死去的地方。

红鲑鱼不可思议的神奇习性，使这条不起眼的河流声名斐然。

四年一度的金秋十月，数百万计的红鲑鱼从太平洋回游到它们的出生地，Adams River ，举行最后的生命庆典。

这就是著名的Sockeye Run。

平静的河水变得喧嚣沸腾起来，碧波红鱼，异彩流光。

20多万游人慕名而来，人们要亲眼目睹这壮观的自然奇景。

对红鲑鱼回游早就心向往之。

往年10月，Vancouver附近的威化溪和Hope去过多次。

怎奈见鱼不多，太不过瘾，一心在等四年一次大回游的机会。

惦记了这几年，终于在今秋一个周末驱车去了400多公里外的Adams River，圆了我的红鲑鱼梦。

去路：从Vancouver出发，沿#1Hwy东行。

过Hope转＃5Hwy北上，这一段公路收费$10，宽阔平坦。

过Kamloops再转＃1东行，过Chase十几公里，在Squilax右下高速。

绕圈向北过了桥就进入Roderick Haig－Brown Provincial Park，Adams River所在地。

一路跟着电线杆上的红鱼标记，再开5公里就到达公园的主停车场。

单程约450公里，费时约5小时。

回程：沿＃1Hwy西行过Kamloops，转＃97路，再上＃99路，途经气势非凡的Marble Canyon，峡边小城Lillooet。

其后进山，山路崎岖，蜿蜒上下，雪山林溪，风光极美。

一路向西南沿海天公路回到Vancouver。

单程多于450公里，费时6个多小时。

去两次的缘由：第一次同家人去，罗嗦，出发晚了，10月14日近午起身，4点多到达Adams River。

虹之玉的英语作文,第一自然段Embracing the Enchanting Spectrum of Echeveria Rainbow: A Tapestry of Hues and Forms.In the realm of succulents, where nature's artistry unfolds in miniature masterpieces, there exists a plantthat captivates with its kaleidoscopic charm—Echeveria Rainbow. This succulent gem, hailing from the sun-kissed slopes of Mexico, embodies a captivating array of colors, textures, and forms, making it a captivating subject for both horticulturalists and nature enthusiasts alike.A Symphony of Colors: A Living Rainbow on Your Palette.Echeveria Rainbow, true to its name, paints a vibrant canvas with its ever-changing hues. As the seasons dance their ethereal waltz, this succulent transforms, displaying a spectrum of colors that would put a rainbow to shame. Under the nurturing rays of the sun, its plump, rosette-shaped leaves blush with shades of lavender, peach, pink,and even golden yellow. As the days shorten and the nights grow cooler, the leaves of Echeveria Rainbow deepen to vibrant shades of magenta, burgundy, and even near-black.Delicate Textures: A Tactile Masterpiece.The beauty of Echeveria Rainbow extends beyond its captivating colors to its intricate textures. The leaves, soft and velvety to the touch, are covered in a delicate farina, a waxy substance that gives them a powdery, ethereal appearance. This farina not only adds to theplant's visual allure but also serves as a protective layer against harsh environmental conditions.Varied Forms: A Sculptural Symphony.As if its colors and textures weren't enough, Echeveria Rainbow further captivates with its diverse forms. Some varieties, such as 'Rainbow' and 'Perle von Nürnberg,' form compact, low-growing rosettes, perfect for gracing windowsills or adorning miniature gardens. Others, like'Etna,' stretch upwards, forming elegant, columnarstructures that add vertical interest to any succulent arrangement.A Touch of Aloe: Medicinal and Magical.Echeveria Rainbow, like many of its succulent kin, belongs to the Crassulaceae family, which also includes the medicinal marvel, Aloe vera. While the leaves of Echeveria Rainbow do not possess the same potent healing properties as Aloe, they do contain a sap that has been traditionally used to treat minor skin irritations.Cultivating the Rainbow: A Gardener's Guide.Growing Echeveria Rainbow is a relatively straightforward task, even for those new to the world of succulents. These plants thrive in well-drained soil, preferably a mixture of cactus potting mix and perlite or pumice. They prefer bright, indirect sunlight and moderate watering during the growing season. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.Pruning and Propagation: Keeping Your Rainbow Flourishing.As Echeveria Rainbow grows, you may wish to prune it to maintain its desired shape or encourage new growth. Prune by carefully removing any dead or damaged leaves, as well as any offsets that form at the base of the main plant. These offsets can be propagated to create new Echeveria Rainbow plants, adding to your collection of succulent wonders.A Versatile Gem: Adorning Gardens and Beyond.Echeveria Rainbow's beauty is not confined to pots or gardens. Its colorful rosettes make for exquisite cut flowers, adding a touch of whimsy to bouquets and arrangements. The leaves can also be used in succulent wreaths, garlands, and other decorative pieces, bringing a dash of nature's artistry indoors.Echeveria Rainbow: A Horticultural Chameleon.With its captivating colors, delicate textures, and diverse forms, Echeveria Rainbow stands as a true horticultural chameleon. Its ability to adapt to various growing conditions and its versatile nature make it a welcome addition to any succulent collection. Whetheryou're a seasoned gardener or a budding plant enthusiast, Echeveria Rainbow is a captivating specimen that will add a touch of magic to your home or garden.。

常见海鲜类的英文翻译海鲜类（seafood）：虾仁 PeeledPrawns龙虾 lobster小龙虾crayfish （退缩者）蟹 crab 蟹足crabclaws 小虾（虾米）shrimp 对虾、大虾prawn（烤）就鱼（toast） squid海参 seacucumber扇贝 scallop鲍鱼 sea-earabalone小贝肉cockles牡蛎oyster鱼鳞scale海毎 jellyfish鳖海龟turtle虫见蛤clam碱鱼culter鲍鱼 butterfish虾籽 shrimpegg鳗鱼银鲤鱼chubsilvercarp黄花鱼 yellowcroaker鲤鱼carp常见调理类的英文翻译调料类(seasonings)：醋 vinegar酱油soy盐 salt加碘盐 iodizedsalt糖 sugar白糖 ref inedsugar酱 soysauce沙拉salad辣椒 hot (red) pepper胡椒(black) pepper花椒 wildpepperChinesepricklyashpowder 色拉油salado订调料• f ixingsauceseasoning砂糖 granulatedsugar红糖 brownsugar冰糖 RockSugar芝麻Sesame芝麻酱 Sesamepaste芝麻油Sesameoil咖卩厘粉curry番茄酱（汁）ketchupredeye辣根 horseradish葱 shallot （Springonions）姜 ginger蒜 garlic料酒 cookingwine蛭油 ovstersauce枸杞（枇杷，欧查果）medlar八角 aniseed酵母粉yeastbarmYellowpepper 黄椒肉桂cinnamon（在美国十分受欢迎，很多事物都有肉桂料）黄油butter香草精vanillaextract （甜点必备）面粉flour洋葱onion。

关于新疆养殖红鳟鱼的英语阅读In the vast expanses of Xinjiang, a unique fishingindustry thrives. The region's pristine waters and favorable climate conditions provide an ideal habitat for thecultivation of rainbow trout.The local farmers have embraced modern aquaculture techniques, ensuring the fish are raised sustainably. These practices not only protect the environment but also enhancethe quality of the fish, making them a sought-after delicacy both locally and internationally.The rainbow trout farming in Xinjiang has become a vital part of the local economy. It supports numerous families and contributes significantly to the region's agricultural output, showcasing the harmonious blend of tradition and innovation.The process of raising these fish is meticulous, from the selection of eggs to the nurturing of the fry. The farmerstake pride in their work, ensuring that each trout is healthy and strong, ready to be enjoyed by consumers.The taste of Xinjiang's rainbow trout is unparalleled,with its firm texture and rich flavor. It has become a signature dish in many local restaurants, attracting food enthusiasts from all over the world.Educational programs have been implemented to teachyounger generations about the importance of sustainable fishing practices. This ensures that the legacy of Xinjiang's trout farming will continue to flourish for years to come.In conclusion, the story of Xinjiang's rainbow trout is one of environmental stewardship and culinary excellence. It is a testament to the region's commitment to sustainable development and the preservation of its natural resources.。

魔鬼鱼：海洋的奇异舞者**Devil Ray: The Exotic Dancer of the Oceans**In the vast and mysterious world of the oceans, there exists a creature that captivates with its beauty and uniqueness—the Devil Ray. This remarkable fish, belongingto the ray family, is a testament to the wonders of nature and a fascinating addition to the marine biodiversity.魔鬼鱼，又称魔鬼魟，是一种生活在热带和亚热带海域的大型鱼类。

它的身体扁平而宽阔，呈椭圆形，通常可以达到2到4米的长度，重达几百公斤。

它的皮肤粗糙，呈现出深褐色或黑色，上面散布着白色或黄色的斑点，这种独特的外观让它在海洋中显得格外引人注目。

Known as the Devil Ray or the Devil Skate, this species of fish inhabits tropical and subtropical waters. Its bodyis flat and wide, shaped like an ellipse, and can grow to lengths of up to 2 to 4 meters, weighing hundreds of kilograms. Its skin is rough, appearing in a dark brown or black hue, adorned with white or yellow spots—adistinctive appearance that makes it stand out in the ocean.魔鬼鱼是一种非常优雅的游泳者，它的游动方式独特而迷人。

朱顶红花骨朵英语作文100字Unveiling the Allure of Crinum Lily's Enchanting Bloom.In the verdant tapestry of nature's wonders, the Crinum lily stands tall as an embodiment of elegance and grace.Its captivating bloom, often adorned with a vibrant crimson crown, unravels a symphony of colors, textures, and fragrances that captivates the senses and stirs the soul.The Crinum lily, a member of the Amaryllis family, is native to tropical and subtropical regions, gracing gardens and landscapes with its ethereal beauty. Its sturdy stem, adorned with long, slender leaves, gracefully supports a crown of delicate petals that unfurl in a mesmerizing display.The heart of the Crinum lily's allure lies in its remarkable versatility. Its petals, ranging from shades of pure white to deep crimson, can be single, double, or even triple-layered, creating a captivating play of light andshadow. The crisp, papery texture of the petals lends anair of delicate fragility, while their velvety softness invites a gentle touch.As the sun casts its golden rays upon the Crinum lily, the petals unfurl, revealing a vibrant splash of color that draws the gaze. The white varieties, with their pristine petals and ethereal glow, evoke a sense of innocence and purity, while the deep crimson blooms exude an aura of passion and intensity. There are also varieties that boast a harmonious blend of white and crimson, creating a captivating ombré effect.The Crinum lily's beauty is not confined to its visual appeal. Its enchanting fragrance, a sweet and heady scent that lingers in the air, adds another layer of sensory delight. The delicate aroma, reminiscent of tropical flowers and exotic spices, creates an atmosphere of tranquility and invites moments of contemplation.The Crinum lily, with its captivating blooms and intoxicating fragrance, has long held a place of honor ingardens and cultural traditions around the world. In Victorian England, the white Crinum lily was a symbol of purity and innocence, often adorning bridal bouquets and representing the virtues of a young bride. In some cultures, the Crinum lily is believed to bring good luck and prosperity, and its presence in a home is said to ward off evil spirits.Today, the Crinum lily continues to charm gardeners and flower enthusiasts alike, adding a touch of elegance and exotic beauty to any landscape. Its versatility and adaptability make it a welcome addition to a wide range of garden designs, from formal to informal settings. Whether planted in a container or directly in the ground, the Crinum lily thrives in well-drained soil and prefers asunny location. With minimal care and attention, it will reward you with an abundance of breathtaking blooms season after season.The Crinum lily, with its captivating beauty,enchanting fragrance, and rich cultural symbolism, is atrue treasure of the floral kingdom. Its presence in agarden or home brings a touch of magic and wonder, inspiring awe and admiration in all who behold it.。

澳大利亚红螯螯虾体表切头虫（Diceratocephala sp.）的初步研究水产科技情报1998,25(1)澳大利亚红螯螯虾体表切头虫(Diceratocepha(华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070)的初步研究提要对共生于澳大利亚红螯螫虾体表的切头虫(Diceratocephalasp.)的生活史和致病性进行丁研究,结果表明,25C时,虫卵经过25～30d孵化,再经过70～85d的生长达到性成熟并产卵.成虫通常固着在红螫螯虾触角和步足的基部,愎部的腹面边缘,颉剑,口器等部位,不破坏虾卵.成虫,幼虫和虫卵均不存在于螯虾的鳃和鳃腔=关键词兰堇墼堑兰!l基芝StudyOHTemnocephalan(Diceratocephalasp.),anEctosymbiontOH theRedclawCrayfish,Cheraxquadricarinatus wUZhi—xinCHENXiao—xuaDLINJuan—juan(Huazhong AgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070) AbstractThispaperreferedtothelifehistoryandpathogenicityoftemnocephalan(Diceratocephatasp.).After25to30day.sofhatchingat25C? theeggshatchedOutintojuveniles.Theygrewandbecamegravidwithin70to85days.Adultwormswerefrequentlyfoundinthecrayfishatthebaseof antennaeandwalkinglegs.theventralmarginsofabdomen,therostrumandthe mouthparts.Theydidnotdamagtheeggsofthehost.Noadult,juvenileworms oreggsoftemnocephalanwerefoundatthegillsandinthebranchialchamberofthehost.KeywordsCherax"ⅡcⅡrnⅡ"Diceratocephatasp.Ectosymbiosis 切头虫(Diceratocephatasp.)属于扁形动物门,涡虫纲,切头虫目(Temno—cephalia),通常生活在甲壳动物的体表或鳃腔中.一般认为它与淡水甲壳动物是共生的.该虫普遍存在于热带地区和南半球,在澳大利亚,新西兰,印度,锡兰,马达加斯加以及南美,中美洲等地均有报道(Jones等.1992)大多数切头虫属(Ternnocephata)的种类具有5～8个触角,两对精巢和后吸盘(Cannon,1993).本文所报道的切头虫为Diceratocephata属,该属的种类只有一对触角,一对精巢,没有明显的后吸盘.在澳大利亚,它们与常见的淡水养殖螫虾共生,Mills(1983)报道了一种Dzceratocephafa(种未确定)与Y abby(Cheraxdestruetor)共生的情况,Herbert(1987)第一次报道了红螫螯虾(Cheraxquadricarinatus)体表共生的Dicratocephata,Jones等(1992,1993)报道了Diceratocepha&boschmai的生物学特性和致病性.我国90年代初开始从澳大利亚引进红螯螯虾进行人工养殖,但有关切头虫的情况水产科技情报l998,25(1】还未见报道.材料与方法1.实验材料与饲养实验用的是来自澳大利亚的红螯螯虾亲本和经人工繁殖并饲养的幼虾和成虾.实验在6j×47×34crN的塑料水族箱和4rN的水泥池中进行.实验用水为经曝气的自来水.水温控制在25C.2.切头虫生活史的研究将一部分带虫的红螯螯虾用3.5%的食盐水浸洗2～3次,每次30rain.以杀死成虫和幼虫,只留下虫卵每2天观察一次.持续观察6个月以上.将各个时期的切头虫分别转移到培养皿中,以观察其存活及发育情况.3.切头虫寻找宿主方式的研究将不带虫的幼虾单独饲养及与带虫的成虾一起饲养,并将带虫成虾的水族箱中的水换入不带虫的幼虾的水族箱中.用于研究切头虫是否有一个自由生活期.并囤此而使其它红螯螯虾成为新宿主.4.切头虫栖息部位的研究以解剖镜观察切头虫在红螯螯虾体表的栖息部位,并通过解剖观察切头虫是否存在于红螯螯虾的鳃丝上和鳃腔中.结果1.生活史成虫所产的卵以卵柄粘附在红螯螯虾体表,卵为乳白色.25C时,卵经过25～30d孵化,孵出的幼虫.其外型与成虫相似,为白色半透明状,-x~触角.一个咽和一对肠,全身覆盖纤毛.幼虫从卵中孵出.开始时以肌肉质的柄附着在虾体表,2～3d后通过纤毛运动转移到虾体的不同部位,然后固着,逐渐发育为成虫.从幼虫到成虫不经过变态,其形态区别只在于生殖系统的发育程度.达性成熟的成虫即行产卵.25C时,从刚孵出的幼虫到发育为成虫并产卵.所需时间约为70～85d.产卵后的成虫在红螯螯虾体表继续存活1～2 个月.将未产卵的成虫分别转移到培养皿中和不带虫的红螯螯虾体表.后者可以继续存活并产卵.而培养皿中的成虫不产卵,但至少可以存活1个月.转移到培养皿中的虫卵不能孵化.幼虫也活不到成虫期.这表明此种切头虫没有一个自由生活的时期,它的整个生活史部是在红螯螯虾体表度过的.2.传播方式切头虫的传播方式为接触传播.不带虫的幼虾只有在和带虫的成虾一起饲养时才会被染上,而幼虾单独饲养或用带虫成虾的水饲养幼虾均不会染上切头虫.3.栖息部位及致病性成虫栖息的位置比较固定.它们常位于红螯螯虾触角的基部,步足的基部,腹部的腹面边缘,在口器,额剑等处也经常可见,有时也位于螯足的关节处.成虫在这些部位营固着生活并产卵,孵化出的幼虫则经常改变它们在虾体表的位置.并不营固着生活鳃丝上和鳃腔中均未见到成虫,幼虫和卵.在抱卵虾的体表未见切头虫爬到虾卵上,也未见它破坏虾卵的情况.讨论1.红螯螯虾体表附着的切头虫.其数量有一定的季节性变化.这种变化可能与虾的蜕皮周期有关.数量变化在大个体红螯螯虾上比较明显.初夏时,大部分虾开始蜕皮.此时虫体数量最少.随着蜕皮的结束,虫体数开始缓慢上升,到下一次蜕皮时达到最高峰.在南半球,虫体数在12月最少,而在4月最多(Jones等.1993).但这种季节性变化在幼虾上并不明显.2.个体大的红螫螫虾,其体表的虫体数16明显多于小螯虾.这一方面可能是因为大的虾能给切头虫提供更大的附着和产卵的表面积;另一方面是因为小螯虾的蜕皮比较频繁.3.生活在红螫螫虾体表的切头虫周围环境中的碎屑为食.固为虾在摄食时经常将食物撕碎,使周围的水体中存在大量食物碎屑,所以切头虫很容易得到食物.在抱卵虾体表的切头虫并不以虾卵为食.由于它们并不生活于虾的鳃腔,所以也不引起虾的呼吸困难.切头虫是淡水螯虾的一种体外共生生物, 并不影响螯虾的生长.但Sammy(1989)认为有些种类的切头虫能感染红螯螯虾的鳃部,并引起虾的死亡4.虽然切头虫不会引起红螯螯虾死亡,但是大量附着切头虫的红螯螯虾,其外观质量会受到影响.从而降低虾的售价.切头虫有许多种,它们对宿主的专一性也不强,在很多养殖的淡水螯虾种类上都发现有不同种类的切头虫(Jones.1993)+甚至在同一个虾体上有不同种类的切头虫.而且目前还没有一种专用药物能完全杀死它们.所以.最好的控制方法是不要将带虫的虾引进商品虾养殖池中.由于切头虫不能完全自由生活,必须依靠接触方式获得新的宿主,因此.在人工繁殖时只要将带虫的亲虾与虾苗及时分开,则虾苗完全可不染上切头虫,从而养成高品质的商品虾.参考文献1.Cannon.L.R.G.NewTemnocephalans(Plaly helmimhes):ecyoaymhionlsoff*eshwa',erc~ahsand shrimpsMemoirsof1heQueenslandMuseum?l993? 33(1).17～402.Herbeu1,B..NoTndiseasesandepibiomsCk…qimdrlrw~*mtasandCheraxte~imanusfDecapoda} Pa*as,,aeidae)Aquaculure,】蛸7,64:】6j～】73. 3Jones,TC.Lester.RJG.The¨fehism*yand biofegyofDicerat~'ephafaRhmai(Piatyhelmimhes; Temnocephalida)eclosymhionlonhere&lawc*ayfishCherax…icarnlaO~lHyd*obiologia-】∞2, 248l93～l99.41OneS,T.C..Lester.RJ.G.Aspectsofthebiology andpathogenicityotDiceratocepkalaboschmal fPlalyetmimhes:Temnoeepbalida)Anectosymbi.nt 0n1heredclawcrayfish,Chet~x~laad,qcatMaotsAust 】MaFreshwalerRes,】9g3.44:921～9335.Ml【Is,B】..Areviewofthediseasesofereshwa1ecrayfish,wilhparliculareference1o1hebby,(Cherax"to*)Fish.Res.Pap..1983,§:l～l8.6.Sammy,N.Breedingbioi0gyof(dqnadricarin,"jin1heNorthernTerrlmr.~Aus1TalⅡuacuhuTemag?1983?37.发稿编辑汤惠明校对朱大白朱选才.'………………………………………………………………………',::i湖北省水产科学研究所名特水产品杨水湖中试基地i;为您提供i:;;国外品种美国大口胭脂鱼,美国红鱼,条鲈,黑斑太阳鲈,美国蛰虾,澳洲尖塘i(原种或子一代)鳢,淡水黑鲷,墨里淡水鲈,红螫螫虾,麦龙螫虾,泰国塘鳢,虱目鱼,泰i2国沼虾,美洲沼虾,印度马氏沼虾,澳洲海水鲷,澳洲鲍鱼:i国内品种鳜鱼,南方大口鲶,乌鳢,月鳢,武昌鱼,高背鲫,彭泽鲫,斜领鲴,河蟹,j长江水糸家鱼苗:i本部对提供的苗种和亲本保质保量.井提供技术资料和技术服务一代办托运.来电,来函必复:联系::人:舒新亚张从义石义元叶奕佐湖北省水产科学研究所(武汉市东湖路96号)邮编;430071:2电话:(097)7318621(白天)78175697810149(~"夜)BP机:(027)126-8301077:;联系人:刘普春陈术材湖北省汉川市扬水湖养殖场邮编:432317电话:(0712)8871547 ……………………………………………………………………….。

西餐原材料英语海鲜类胭脂鱼, 红鲣 (red) mullet一种越南进口的淡水鱼 basa鲈鱼，青斑鱼 bass带鱼 ribbonfish，beltfish, hiartail鲤鱼 carp鲶鱼 catfish鲢鱼 chub蛤蚌 clams小贝肉 Cockles鳕鱼 cod鳗鱼 Conger (Eel)黄花鱼 corvina白花鱼,跟黄花鱼是一类,肉质很嫩,清蒸 croaker乌贼，墨鱼 cuttle fish鲮鱼 Dace干贝瑶柱 dried scallop鼓鱼 drumfish龙利 flounder石斑鱼 Garoupa北大西洋鳕鱼 Haddock大比目鱼 halibut大比目鱼 Halibut青鱼，鲱 (Herring roes 鲱鱼子）Herring龙虾 lobster鲭 mackerel虱目鱼 milk fish梭鱼 Mullet淡菜青口 Mussel板海苔 nori seaweed / dried sea laver鱆鱼 Octopus香橙鱼 orange牡蛎生蚝 oyster河鲈鱼 perch梭子鱼 pike欧蝶鱼 plaice明虾 Prawn红鲷鱼 red snapper旗鱼 sailfish三文鱼，鲑鱼，大马哈鱼 salmon 沙丁鱼 sarding扇贝鲜贝 scallop蓝点马鲛（鲅科） Scomberomorus niphonius海鲈鱼 sea bass海鲤 sea bream鲨鱼 shark鱼翅 shark fin虾 shrimp比目鱼 sole墨鱼，鱿鱼 squid炸鱿鱼圈 calamari （口语：calamari fritti si e questo) 剑鱼 swordfish立鱼，罗非鱼,吴郭鱼,非洲鲫鱼tilapia烧海苔 toasted nori seaweed 鳟鱼，与三文鱼是亲戚 trout 金枪鱼吞拿 tuna多宝鱼 turbot鲈鱼 weever小螺肉 Whelks Tops白鱼 whitefish田螺 Winkles鱼排 fish fillet禽类鸡胸肉 chicken breast鸡大腿 Fresh Grade Legs(thigh) 鸡胸 chicken Breast小鸡块 chicken fryer鸡小腿 Chicken Drumsticks 鸡翅 Chicken Wings火鸡 Turkey鸡杂 chick gizzard鸭翼脾 Duck trim drum猪肉类五花肉 pork belly猪里脊肉 pork tenderloin 连骨猪排 pork chop猪小排 pork side ribs猪肝 Pork Liver排骨 Pork ribs猪脚 pork feet猪腰 pork kidney 猪肚 pork bag猪心 pork heart猪排 Pork Steak廋肉块 Pork-pieces卷好的腰部瘦肉 Rolled Pork loin卷好的腰部瘦肉连带皮 Rolled Pork Belly做香肠的绞肉 Pork sausage meat 小里肌肉 Pork Fillet猪肉糜 ground pork带骨的瘦肉 Spare Rib Pork chops 小排骨肉 Spare Rib of Pork猪油滴 Pork Dripping猪油 pork Lard有骨的大块肉 pork Joint 蹄膀 Hock中间带骨的腿肉 Casserole Pork 猪的肩前腿肉 pork collar Butt 腊肉 preserved meat咸肉 salty meat叉烧 barbecued pork香肠 sausage牛羊类小块的瘦肉 Stewing Beef牛肉糜 ground beef可煎食的大片牛排 Frying steak 大块牛排 Rump Steak牛键肉 Leg Beef牛肝 OX-Liver牛腰 OX-Kidney牛舌 OX-Tongue牛百叶 OX-Many-Plies(omasum) 牛尾 OX-Tail牛心 OX-heart牛展（小腿肉） boneless beef shin牛前（颈背部肉） boneless beef crop牛胸（胸部肉） boneless beef brisket 腓力牛排(用Bearnaise Sauce) Tournedos/filet mignon(用Bearnaise Sauce)西冷牛排 sirloin steak西冷（腰部肉） boneless beef striploin牛柳（里脊肉） boneless beef tenderloin牛腩（腹部肉） boneless beef thinflank针扒（股内肉） boneless beef topside林肉（膝圆肉) boneless beef knuckle尾龙扒（荐臀肉） boneless beef rump会牛扒（股外肉） boneless beefsilve三角肌（三角肉） boneless beef meat牛碎肉（碎肉） boneless beef trimming冻分割牛肉 frozen beef cut蜂窝牛肚 Homey come Tripe牛舌 OX-Tongues带骨的腿肉 Barnsley Chops 肩肉 Shoulder Chops羊腿 lamb leg腰上的牛排肉 Porter House Steak头肩肉筋、油较多 Chuck Steak 拍打过的牛排 Tenderised Steak 牛肠 Roll牛筋 Cowhells牛肚块 Tripe Pieces白牛肚 Best thick seam羊排 lamb chops牛各部位肉的英文名称臀肉 Rump脖肉 Neck前腱子 Shin后腱子 Shank胸肉 Brisket米龙 Topside肩肉 ShoulderA眼肉 A-Ribeye (Cuberoll)A上脑 A-Highrib(Chuck)鞋底肉 OysterBlade(SH.-clod)辣椒条 Chucktender肩肉小片 Chuckcover前牛腩 Forequarter FlankS 外脊 S-StriploinA外脊 A-StriploinS里脊 S-TenderloinA里脊 A-Tenderloin黄瓜条 Silverside小黄瓜条 Eyeround胸腩连体 Flank & brisket霖肉 ThickFlank(Knuckle)后牛腩 Hindquarter Flank(trimmed)全胴体 Whole carcass(without flank)前部位肉 Before quarter cuts后部位肉 Frozen Hind quarter cuts保鲜前部肉 Chilled forequarter保鲜后部肉 Chilled hindquarter带骨四分体 Four Quarters(With bone-in)去骨四分体 Four Quarters(Boneless)冷冻羊肉带骨全胴体 Frozen lamb meat bone-in牛肉类主要西式菜肴的英文Beef Skewer 牛肉串Beef Roulade 牛肉卷Beef Wellington 威灵顿牛柳Beef Fillet Steak 尖椒牛肉条Beef in Japanese Style 日式牛肉Beef Balls in Curry Sauce 咖哩牛肉丸Beef Medallions with Bacon 牛柳熏肉卷Beef Slice with Green Pepper 绿椒牛柳卷Beef Fillet Migons with Pepper Sauce 黑椒牛肉卷Braised Beef Tongue in Red Wine Sauce 红酒烩牛舌club steak 小牛排Chilli Con Carne 墨西哥牛肉Char-grilled Steak with Pepper Sauce 黑椒牛排filet steak 菲力牛排Ham&Veal Sausage 火腿牛仔肠Mini Hamburger 迷你汉堡ox tail soup 牛尾汤Pan-fried Steak 铁板牛扒steak 牛排Sirloin Steak 沙朗牛排Smoked Beef Ribs 牛肋骨Swiss Beef Steak 瑞士牛排Sirloin Steak with Green Pepper Corn Sauce 西冷配青椒汁Sauteed Diced Beef in Black Pepper Sauce 黑椒牛柳粒Tom-Yum Soup with Ox’s Tail 冬阴功牛尾T-bone steak 丁骨牛排蛋/乳制品蛋白 egg white蛋黄 yolk煎蛋 omelette荷包蛋 poached egg(单面sunny-side up双面over easy) 水煮蛋/白灼蛋 poached egg, boiled egg(半熟soft-boiled) 炒蛋 scrambled egg皮蛋 preserved duck egg茶叶蛋 boiled egg with tea and soy sauce咸鸭蛋 salted duck egg牛奶，鲜奶，牛乳 milk全脂牛奶 homo milk, homogenized milk脱脂牛奶 skim milk豆奶，豆浆 soybean milk 白脱，奶油牛油 butter猪油，白油，大油，板油 lard，cooking fat植物奶油，人造奶油，玛琪琳植物牛油 margarine白油 shortening硬化椰子油 copha淡奶油，含量10% 淡忌廉 light cream，coffee cream，table cream 鲜奶油，含量〉=35% 忌廉，鲜忌廉 whipping cream酸奶油酸忌廉，酸奶（乳）酪 sour cream酸奶优格，酸奶酪 yoghurt软化牛油 soft butter花奶，淡奶奶水，蒸发奶（水）evaporated milk炼乳炼奶 condensedmilk起士，起司，乳酪，奶酪，乾酪，乳饼芝士 cheese起司粉芝士粉 powdered cheese 奶油起司，奶油乳酪，凝脂乳酪芝士忌廉 cream cheese玛斯卡波尼起司，马司卡膨起司，义大利乳酪 mascarpone cheese 巧克力削，朱古力削 chocolate curls巧克力豆巧克力珠，朱古力珠choc bits, chocolate chips 巧克力碎碎朱古力 ground chocolate椰丝／椰茸／椰子粉 coconut, shredded coconut椰奶椰浆 coconut cream蔬菜类茨菇 arrowhead山药淮山 Chinese Wild Yam，Common Yam Rhizome青豆 lima bean青豆泥 puree of peas小青南瓜 acorn squash洋蓟 Artichoke芦笋 Asparagus鄂梨牛油果 avocado玉米笋 Baby corn培根 bacon绿豆芽 Mung Bean Sprout黄豆芽 Yellow Bean Sprout 甜菜 beet苦瓜 Bitter melon小白菜 Bok-choy青花菜花椰菜 Broccoli 球芽甘蓝（小包菜） Brussels sprout卷心菜 Cabbage胡萝卜甘笋 carrot花菜 Cauliflower唐芹 Celery西芹 Celery stalk甜菜 chard樱桃番茄 cherry tomato芥兰 Chinese broccoli细香葱 chive小胡瓜,绿皮番瓜(不可生食) Courgette黄瓜 Cucumber小芋头 Eddo茄子 Eggplant菊苣 Escarole大蒜 garlic生姜 ginger root青椒 green bell pepper青蒜 green garlic秋葵 gumbo辣椒 hot pepper甘蓝 kale韭菜,青蒜 Leeks生菜 Lettuce莴苣 Lettuce百合 lily bulb大白菜 long napa(suey choy) 丝瓜 loofah，sponge guard 莲藕 Lotus root蘑菇 Mushroom绍菜 Nappa cabbage秋葵 Okra洋葱 Onion平菇 oyster mushroom欧洲萝卜 Parsnip豌豆 Pea 豆苗 pea sprout, snowpeas tip 马铃薯薯仔 Potato小红萝卜 radish红椒 Red bell pepper紫色包心菜 Red cabbage红苋菜 red spinach红葱头 shallot荷兰豆雪豆 snow bean菠菜 Spinach南瓜 Squash(pumpkin)草菇 straw mushroom四季豆 String bean（green bean）玉米 Sweet corn红薯，番薯 Sweet potato大芋头 tara通菜 tong choy (ong choy)大头菜，芜菁 turnip西洋菜 Watercress冬瓜 white gourd，Winter melon 黄椒 yellow bell pepper西葫芦 Zucchini水果香蕉 banana槟榔 betelnut 椰子 coconut 木瓜 papaya甘蔗 sugarcane 桔子 tangerine 橙子/柳橙 orange李子 plum柚子 grapefruit/pomelo 蟠桃 flat peach水蜜桃 juicy peach金橘 cumquat石榴 Pomegranate无花果 fig红毛丹 rumbutan杨桃 Star Fruit山竹 mangosteen榴莲 durian杨梅 waxberry芦粟 sorgo孛荠/地梨 water-chestnut 龙眼 longan菱角 water caltrop枣子 date猕猴桃/奇异果 kiwi杏子 apricot枇杷 loquat山楂 haw 柿子 persimmon柠檬 lemon哈密瓜 honey-dew melon 西瓜 water mellon芒果 mango草莓 strawberry樱桃 cherry黑莓 blackberry烂莓 blueberry桃子 peach菠萝凤梨 pineapple苹果 apple梨 pear荔枝 lychee豆制品豆腐干 bean curd strips豆腐花 beancurd jelly百叶 bean curd sheets豆腐衣 bean curd skin油豆腐塞肉 fried bean curd stuffed with minced pork豆腐 Tou Fu素鸡 Soy Chicken (vegetarian chicken, Veggie Chicken ) 油豆腐豆泡 Fried Bean Curd, dulp pock油面筋 Fried Gluten Balls （puff）烤麸 steamed gluten粉丝 bean starch noodles 粉皮 bean starch sheets腐乳 pickled bean curd豆豉 fermented black beans干货葡萄干,提子干 rasin洋梨 pear杏桃 apricot无花果乾 dried fig龙眼乾，龙眼肉，桂圆，圆肉 dried longan葡萄乾 raisin柿饼 dried persimmon桃脯 dried peach杏脯 dried apricot苹果脯，苹果乾 dried apple红枣 chinese red dates蜜枣 preserved red dates蜜渍樱桃，露桃，车梨子 glace cherry，candied cherry蜜渍凤梨 glace pineapple，candied pineapple芝麻 sesame seed罂粟子 poppy seed亚答子 atap seed虾米 dried shrimp当归 angelica发菜 black moss木耳 agaric 黑木耳 black fungus / wood ear fungus银耳 white fungus干百合 dried lily bulb金针菜 dried lily bud人参 ginseng银杏 ginkgo莲子 lotus seed南杏 apricot kernel杏仁，杏仁片，扁桃 almond北杏，苦杏仁 apricot kernel，chinese almond，bitter almond 红豆 red bean／adzuki bean绿豆 mung bean绿豆片 split mung bean薏米 pearl barley黄豆 soy bean花生 peanut瓜子，南瓜子 pepitas，dried pumpkin seeds崧子，松子仁 pine nut栗子 chestnut核桃，胡桃 walnut榛果，榛仁 hazelnut / filbert /cobnut开心果 pistachio澳洲坚果，夏威夷果，澳洲胡桃，澳洲栗，澳洲核桃 macadamia，california nut山胡桃 pecan石鼓仔，马加拉，油桐子candlenut，buah keras白果，银杏 ginkgo nut碎干果 ground nuts槟榔 betel腰子豆，腰果，腰果仁，介寿果cashew nut中式点心/零食凉粉，仙草 grass jelly果子冻，口者喱果冻粉 jelly吉利丁鱼胶粉，明胶 gelatine sheets，powdered gelatine杏桃果胶 apricot glaze西米，小茨丸 pearl sago，pearl tapioca红豆沙 red bean paste莲蓉 lotus paste枣泥 red date paste栗蓉 chestnut puree，chestnut paste大菜，大菜丝，洋菜，洋菜粉，琼脂agar powder中式点心 dim sum饮茶 Yum Cha 油条 twisted cruller糯米 sticky rice血糯米 black sticky rice白粥 congee肉包子 steamed bun with pork filling, pork bun豆沙包 red bean bun馒头 steamed bun花卷 Steamed Twisted Rolls with Green Onion馄饨 wonton锅贴 fried dumpling鲜肉锅贴 fried pork dumpling 水饺 boiled dumpling蒸虾饺 steamed prawn dumpling蟹粉小笼包 Mini pork bun with crab roe（Xiao Long Bao) 三鲜包 Steamed Bun Stuffed with Three Fresh Delicacies虾饺 shrimp dumpling 烧卖 shao-mai 肠粉 rice noodle roll 春卷 spring roll葱油饼 Green Onion Pancake, Scallion Pancake油饼 cruller油条油炸鬼 deep-fried twisted dough sticks 香酥麻饼，芝麻大饼 sesame pancake 千层糕 layer cake月饼 mooncake马拉糕 Cantonese sponge cake八宝饭 rice pudding，8 treasure sticky rice pudding粽子 Sticky rice dumpling, Sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves凉粉 agar-agar jelly河粉 fried rice noodles干炒牛河 fried rice noodles w/beef 年糕 rice cake炒面 chow mein杂碎 Chop Suey芙蓉蛋 Egg Foo Yung汤面 noodles soup阳春面 plain noodles刀削面 sliced noodles炸酱面 noodles w/soybean paste打卤面 noodles w/gravy芝麻糊 sesame paste萝卜丝饼 turnip strips cake碗糕 salty rice pudding凤梨酥 pineapple cake爆米花 popcorn牛肉干 beef jerk果冻 jelly 泡泡糖 bubble gum棒棒糖 bonbon水果糖 konfyt棉花糖 cotton candy太妃糖 toffee香瓜子 sunflower seed南瓜子 pumpkin seed藕粉 lotus root starch馅子 filling便当 lunchbox自助餐 buffet零嘴 snack蜜饯 tutti-frutti酒酿 sweet fermented-rice燕窝bird’s nest bird’s nest 榨菜(丝) preserved vegetable (slices)酥油 ghee调料，香料及配料陈皮 dried orange peel，dried tangerine peel八角 star aniseed陈皮 dried orange peel桂皮 Chinese Cinnamon Stick 肉寇 Nutmeg丁香 clove 草果,豆蔻 Cardamom (whole) 孜然 Chinese cumin seed西班牙红椒 paprika皮萨草叶 oregano牛膝草 marjoram平叶欧芹，洋香菜，洋芫荽，西洋芹平叶巴西里 Italian parsley，flat leave parsley卷叶欧芹卷叶巴西里 curly parsley 百裏香 thyme香茅，柠檬草 lemongrass葱 scallion，green onion芫荽，香菜 Cilantro，coriander迷迭香 rosemary薄荷 mint九层塔，罗勒 basil法国香叶月桂叶 bay leaves鼠尾草山艾 Sage香薄荷 savory茵陈蒿 tarragon红胡椒 pink pepper绿胡椒 green pepper虾夷葱 chives山萝卜 chervil莳萝草 dill weed众香子 allspice众香子粉 allspice powder凯莉茴香 caraway seed 肉桂 cinnamon绿豆蔻 green cardamom腌渍香料 pickling spice powder 肉豆蔻 nutmeg洋葱粉 onion powder香芹子 celery seed苦豆 fenugreek胡荽子 coriander seed黄芥末子 mustard seed小茴香子 cumin seed大茴香子 aniseed黑小茴香 black cumin墨西哥香料粉 mexican seasoning 义大利香料叶义italian spices leaves义大利香料粉 italian seasoning 披萨香料 pizza seasoning汉堡香料 hamburger spice powder 姜粉 ginger powder嫩肉粉 tenderizer胡椒粉 ground pepper咖喱粉 curry powder料酒 cooking wine麻油 sesame oil淡色酱油生抽 light soy sauce深色酱油，黑酱油老抽 dark soy sauce酱油膏 soy paste虾子酱油 shrimp-roe soy sauce白醋 white vinegar(西洋料理用的) 白醋，(工研醋，寿司醡) rice vinegar (工研醋)黑醋乌醋 black vinggar红酒醋 red wine vinggar耗油 oyster sauce海鲜酱 hoisin sauce花生酱 pesnut butter千岛酱 thousand island蕃茄酱 ketchup蕃茄酱 tomato sauce(普通甜的)蕃茄酱 tomato paste(义大利料理用的)豆办酱 chilli bean sauce甜面酱 Sweet Soybean Paste甜酸酱 Sweet & Sour Sauce排骨酱 Spare Rib Sauce辣椒酱 chili sauce沙爹酱/沙茶酱（沙茶和沙爹不是同一种酱，虽然英文一样） satay sauce 苏梅酱 Plum sauce蟹酱 crab pasteXO酱 XO sauce xo sauce色拉酱 salad dressing蛋黄酱 mayonnaise奶油蛋黄酱 mornay sauce柑桔果酱 marmalade水蜜桃罐头 peaches in syrup冰糖 rock sugar烧海苔 roasted seaweed sushi nori 香草豆，香草荚，香草片 vanilla bean （pod）香草精云尼拉香精 vanillaextract，vanilla essence班兰精，香兰精 pandan paste香草粉 vanilla powder班兰粉，香兰粉 ground pandan，ground screwpine leaves，serbok daun pandan(橙子，柠檬等）皮 grated zest, grated rind玫瑰露（精) rosewater (essence) 杏仁粉 almond flour，almond mieal，powdered almond切片水蜜桃罐头 sliced peaches in syrup综合水果罐头 cocktail fruit in syrup咸蛋黄 salted egg yolk手指饼乾 sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi(义大利名)糖，糖浆黑蔗糖浆，糖蜜，甘蔗糖蜜 molasses 金黄糖浆 golden syrup枫糖浆，枫树糖浆，枫糖 maple syrup 玉米糖浆 corn syrup，karo syrup 葡萄糖浆 glucose syrup麦芽糖浆 barley maltsyrup，maltsyrup麦芽糖 maltose，malt sugar焦糖 carmael果糖 Efructos乳糖 lactose转化糖 invert sugar日式糙米糖浆 amazake绵花糖霜 marshmallow cream冰糖 rock sugar椰糖，爪哇红糖 palm sugar，gula malacca黄砂糖 brown sugar红糖，黑糖 dark brown sugar 黑砂糖 muscovado sugar金砂糖 demerara sugar原蔗糖 raw （cane）sugar，unrefined cane sugar白砂糖，粗砂糖 white sugar，refined （cane）sugar，coarse granulated sugar细砂糖，幼砂糖 castor sugar糖粉 icing sugar，confectioners' sugar糖霜 icing，frosting蜜叶糖，甜叶菊 stevia，honey leaf 代糖，阿斯巴甜 aspartame，sweetener，sugar substitute幼糖 caster sugar糖份混合物 icing sugar mixture糖浆 syrup枫糖酱 maple syrup粉米面类葛粉 arrowroot flour泡打（大）粉，速发粉，蛋糕发粉发粉 baking powder小苏打，梳打粉，小梳打，食粉，重曹苏打粉 baking soda，bicarb ofsoda 面包粉（糠/屑） breadcrumbs低筋面粉，低根粉 cake flour，soft flour，weak flour，low protein flour 糕仔粉 cooked rice flour粟粉，粟米粉，玉米（淀）粉生粉，鹰粟粉 corn flour，cornstarch塔塔粉 cream of tartar卡士达粉，蛋黄粉吉士粉 custard powder卡士达，克林姆，奶皇馅，蛋奶馅 custard，pastry cream馄饨皮 dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper.凤片粉，熟糯米粉，糕粉，加工糕粉 fried sweet rice flour，fried glutinous rice flour高筋面粉，筋面，根面，高根粉 gluten flour，strong flour，bread flour，baker's flour，high protein flour米粉 rice flour糯米粉 glutinous rice flour,sweet rice flour抹荼粉 green tea powder海苔粉 ground seaweed蛋白粉 meringue powder杂粮预拌粉 multi-grain flour绿豆粉 mung bean flour，tepung hun kwee澄面粉，澄粉，澄面 non-glutinous flour，wheat flour，wheat starch面粉，中筋面粉 Plain flour，all-purpose flour粗玉米豆粉 polenta，yellow cornmeal生粉，太白粉 potato starch （flour）臭粉, 胺粉, 阿摩尼亚粉, 嗅粉 powdered baking ammonia, carbonate of ammonia, ammonia bicarbonate, ammonia carbonate, hartshorn奶粉 powdered milk，milk powder黏米粉，在莱米粉 rice flour自发面粉 self-raising flour春卷皮 spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper......蕃薯粉，地瓜粉 sweet potato starch (flour)树薯粉，木薯粉，茨粉，菱粉，泰国生粉 Tapioca starch（flour）马蹄粉 water chestnut flour 荞麦粉 buckwheat玉米粉 cornmeal小麦胚芽，麦芽粉 wheat germ 小麦蛋白，面筋粉 wheat gluten 全麦面粉 whole wheat flour馄钝皮 wonton wrapper，wonton skins可可粉 cocoa powder干酵母（依士） yeast 香米 fragrant rice 大西米 sago意大利面 pasta意粉 spaghetti意式宽面 lasagne意式干面 tagliatelle 意式扁面 Linguine意式细面 Vermicelli烘烤，西点类法式吐司 french toast法式长棍 french loaf裸麦面包 rye bread酵母, 酒饼 yeast,ibu roti 面包,面饱 bread土司面包，吐司 toast派，批 pie塔，挞 tart冻派，冻批 cream pie蛋塔 egg tart，custard tart 法式蛋塔 quiche lorraine 戚风蛋糕 chiffon cake海绵蛋糕 sponge cake泡芙 choux pastry，puff玛琳，焗蛋泡 meringue蛋蜜乳 eggnog可丽饼 ecrepe煎饼，热饼，薄烤饼，松饼 pancake 厚松饼 pikelet，hotcake墨西哥面饼 tortillas曲奇 cookies慕斯，慕思 mousse布甸，布丁 pudding司康，比司吉 scones舒芙蕾soufflés洋芋块，炸土豆饼 hash brown英式松饼，玛芬蛋糕 English muffin 松糕，玛芬 American muffin格子松饼 waffle苏打饼干 saltine crackers威化饼乾 wafer biscuit麦芬/松饼 muffin馅饼 pie小甜饼 cookie汉堡三明治 deli sandwichs法国长棍 Baguette欧洲羊角面包 croissant拿破仑点心 Napoleons酥饼 flaky pastry唐那滋/油炸圈饼 doughnut蛋挞 tart大块面包 loaf 提拉米苏 Tira Misu面包皮 crust华夫饼干 waffle苏打饼干 soda cracker 杏仁饼干 macaroon核仁巧克力饼 brownie姜饼 gingersnap慕司 mousse果酱 jam麦片 oatmeal圣代 sundae雪芭 sorbet甜筒 icecream cone蜜桃冰淇淋 peach melba 奶昔 milkshake火焰冰激凌 baked Alaska 意式冰激凌 Spumoni蛋黄酱卡士达酱 custard 羊乳酪 feta日本/韩国料理味噌汤 miso shiru天妇罗（甜不辣） tempura 寿司 shushi铁板烧 teppanyaki烤鸡肉串 Yakitori甜味烤猪肉 teriyakii 日本火锅 sukiyaki 生鱼片 sashimi清酒 saki芥末酱 wasabi紫菜 nori荞麦面 soba noodles芥末（其实是山葵 wasabi 味噌 miso鱼汤 dashi河豚 fugu七味粉 shichimi大麦茶 mugi-cha乌冬 udon鱼生：金枪鱼 maguro(tuna) 鲷鱼 madai(sea bream) 黑鲈 suzuki(sea bass) 鲣鱼 katsua(bonito)鳟鱼 masn(trout)鱿鱼 ika(squid)章鱼 kato(octopus)北极贝 geoduck(mirugai) 石头火锅 Jungol韩国泡菜 kimchi, kimgee饮料欧洲饮料 beverages/quencher 红茶 black tea锡兰上等红茶 Pekoe新茶 sincha茉莉花茶 jasmine tea龙井 Long Jin乌龙 Oulung铁观音 Tieh-Kuan-Yin云雾茶 cloud mist功夫茶 gongou袋泡茶 teabag柠檬水 lemonade姜汁 ginger ale酸奶 yoghurt全脂 whole milk脱脂 skimmed不含咖啡因 decaffeinated咖啡伴侣 coffee mate 方糖 cube sugar速溶咖啡 instant coffee 阿华田 Ovaltine七喜 Seven-up养乐多 Chlorella Yakult 苏打水 soda麦酒 ale补酒 tonic生啤 draft beer黑啤 stout宾治 punch酸梅汤 plum juice樱桃酒 kirsch雪利酒 sherry奶粉 powered milk干邑 cognac香槟 champagne金酒 gin其他食用色素 food colouring甜酒酿 Chinese Rice Wine碱水 alkaline water，lye water，potassium carbonate白矾 alum硼砂 borax石膏 gypsum南乳 fermented red beancurd棉线 Cotton Twine肉汁 gravy肉汤 broth蔬菜通心粉汤 Minestrone意大利蔬菜汤 minestrone奶油洋葱汤 cream of onion soup 清炖肉汤 consomme 乡下浓汤 country soup浓汤 bisque西班牙肉菜饭 paella意式调味饭 Risotto火锅 hot pot（中式）杂碎 chop suey烤肉串 kabob爱尔兰炖菜 Irish stew北京烤鸭 Peking duck （法）蔬菜炖肉 ragout意大利腊肠 salami马来西亚米粉 laksa（泰）冬荫功 Tom Yum Goong餐类别，烧法主菜 main course一道菜 course招牌菜 specialty浇头 toppings泡菜 Preserved Vegetable 酸黄瓜 pickel例汤 soup of the day罗宋汤 borsch 鱼羹 fish chowder薯泥 mashed potatoes 玉米卷 taco杂烩 chowder砂锅菜 casserole炖菜 stew肉片/鱼片 fillet酒水知识一、世界著名洋酒介绍1、伏特加酒（Vodka）伏特加（Vodka）是从俄语中“水”一词派生而来的，是俄国最具有代表性的白酒，开始是用小麦、黑麦、大麦等作原料酿造的，到18世纪以后就开始使用土豆和玉米作原料了，将蒸馏而成的伏特加原酒，经过8小时以上的缓慢过滤，使原酒酒液与活性炭分子充分接触而净化为纯净的伏特加酒。