2012年回忆版真题以及复习建议

2012年山东省三支一扶考试真题（回忆版）一、单选（单选45个，每个0.8）1、我国产业结构的现状2、市场竞争的三个阶段即原始阶段、差异化阶段、文化阶段3、在经济统计和分析工作中，GDP、社会消费品、零售总额等指标使用（不变价）表示的4、城乡教育不均衡，关键是在（区域）？5、中国特色社会主义核心价值体系，精髓是？以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神是社会主义核心价值体系的精髓。

6、就最近发生的事、思想倾向、社会活动发表的议论文章是指？7、2012三农一号文件是新世纪以来第几个，第九个8、农村经营方式家庭联产......9、闲置土地征收多少罚金国土部6月7日正式发布经修订通过的《闲置土地处置办法》，规定未动工开发满一年的闲置土地，由市、县国土资源主管部门按照土地出让或者划拨价款的百分之二十征缴土地闲置费。

该办法自2012年7月1日起施行。

10、保密文件如何解密11、泄露国家秘密的性质登记重大较大特大12、多单位联合下文盖几个章13、雷锋精神核心是啥雷锋精神核心为人民服务14、社会主义核心价值立足点是啥，貌似是这么问的社会主义核心价值体系包括四个方面的基本内容，即马克思主义指导思想、中国特色社会主义共同理想、以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神、以“八荣八耻”为主要内容的社会主义荣辱观。

这四个方面的基本内容相互联系、相互贯通，共同构成辩证统一的有机整体。

建立社会主义核心价值体系，必须坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，牢牢把握社会主义先进文化的前进方向，大力弘扬民族优秀文化传统，积极借鉴人类有益文明成果，充分调动积极因素，凝聚力量、激发活力，进一步打牢全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的思想道德基础，形成全民族奋发向上的精神力量和团结和睦的精神纽带，为构建社会主义和谐社会提供精神动力支持。

15、现在中央农村回忆关于支农新提法强农惠农富农还是啥16、关于欺诈，一个人欠钱，虚构投资房地产借高利贷用于挥霍和还钱，性质界定17、民间借贷问题，简单就是几倍利息收保护，超出银行利息部分咋办民间借贷利率不超过银行同期利率的4倍18、十二五期间把人口控制在13.919、近8年粮食增产主要依靠什么水利建设科技20、公益诉讼制度规定，那些人可以提起诉讼？公益诉讼2011年10月24日，在提交全国人大常委会第二十三次会议审议的《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法修正案(草案)》中，首次增加规定：“对污染环境、侵害众多消费者合法权益等损害社会公共利益的行为，有关机关和社会团体可以向人民法院提起公益诉讼21、全球种植范围内最广、产量最大的谷物类作物是什么？好像是玉米22入学率的相关问题23、文化产业占gdp比重是多少才算文化强国二、多选（多选15，每个1.2分）1、我国的四德建设是指那四德？党的十七大报告指出，要推动社会主义文化的发展和繁荣，必须“大力弘扬爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，以增强诚信意识为重点，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德建设”。

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题考生注意事项：1 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。

2 答题前，考生应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考生编号”等信息。

3 答案必须按要求填涂或书写在指定的答题卡上。

(1)英语知识运用，阅读理解 A节、B节的答案填涂在答题卡 1上。

填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用 2B铅笔完成。

如需改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。

(2)英译汉和写作部分必须用蓝黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡 2上做答。

字迹要清楚。

4.考试结束，将试题，答题卡1和答题卡2一并装入试题袋中交回。

Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections:Millions of Americansand foreigners see GI. Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of Americanmilitary adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and womenwho 1 in World War II and the people theyliberated ,the GI. was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kidtorn away from his home ,the guy who3) all the burdens of battle ,whoslept in cold foxholes, who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,whostuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteersoldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up6 )the besttrained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much.GI.is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy whonever9) it to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Magrac …a working class name. TheUnited States has 10) had a president or vice-president or secretary ofstate Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a character,or a (12) of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joebased on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiersPyle (13) portrayed themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the(14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not howmany miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the“willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Bothmen(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that thesoldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey,shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was anyAmerican soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C]form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handedout [B]turnover [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on thecontrary [B] by this means [C]from theoutset [D]at that pointSection II ReadingComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following fourtexts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never beenterribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years ithas been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, mostrecently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on his educationalritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy whichmandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may nolonger count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.This rule is meant toaddress the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes mighthave in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory.Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do withoutexpensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass tostudents who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, itis going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered forpoor children.District administratorssay that homework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed toassign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see veylittle difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on statetests without completing their homework, but what about the students whoperformed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible thatthe homework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what worksbest for their students, the policy imposes a flat,across-the-board rule.At the same time, thepolicy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If thedistrict finds homework to be unimportant to its students’ academicachievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not makethem count for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensurethat the homework students are not assigning more than they are willing toreview and correct.The homework rulesshould be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for settingeducational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It isnot too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.21.It is implied inparagraph 1 that nowadays homework _____.[A] is receiving morecriticism[B]is no longer aneducational ritual[C]is not required foradvanced courses[D]is gaining morepreferences22. L.A.Unified has madethe rule about homework mainly because poor students _____.[A]tend to have moderateexpectations for their education[B]have asked for adifferent educational standard[C]may have problemsfinishing their homework[D]have voiced theircomplaints about homework23. According toParagraph 3, one problem with the policy is that it may ____.[A]discourage studentsfrom doing homework[B]result in students'indifference to their report cards[C]undermine theauthority of state tests[D]restrict teachers'power in education24. As mentioned inParagraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether ______.[A] it should beeliminated[B]it counts much inschooling[C]it places extraburdens on teachers[D]it is important forgrades25.A suitable title forthis text could be ______.[A]Wrong Interpretationof an Educational Policy[B]A Welcomed Policy forPoor Students[C]Thorny Questionsabout Homework[D]A Faulty Approach toHomeworkText2Pretty in pink: adultwomen do not remember being so obsessed with the color, yet it is pervasive inour young girls’ lives. It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it issuch a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in oneway, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girl s’ identity to appearance. Then itpresents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocentbut as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lackof imagination about girls’ lives and interests.Girls’ at traction topink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to JoPaoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children werenot colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era beforedomestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, sincethe only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boysand girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nurserycolours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculinecolour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, withits intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolisedfemininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sexdiffere nces became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fullycame into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, partof what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised howprofoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural tokins,including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take thetoddler. I assumed thatphase was something experts developed after years ofresearch into children’s behaviour: wron g. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook,a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trickby clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.Trade publicationscounseled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they shouldcreate“th ird stepping stone” between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. Itwas only after “toddler” became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into abroadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, intoever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one ofthe easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – orinvent them where they did not previously exist.26. By saying "itis...the rainbow"(Line 3, Para.1),the author means pink ______.[A]should not be thesole representation of girlhood[B]should not beassociated with girls' innocence[C]cannot explain girls'lack of imagination[D]cannot influencegirls' lives and interests27. According toParagraph 2, which of the following is true of colours？[A]Colours are encodedin girls' DNA.[B]Blue used to beregarded as the colour for girls.[C]Pink used to be aneutral colour in symbolising genders.[D]White is prefered bybabies.28. The author suggeststhat our perception of children's psychological development was much influencedby _____.[A]the marketing ofproducts for children[B]the observation ofchildren's nature[C]researches intochildren's behavior[D]studies of childhoodconsumption29. We may learn fromParagraph 4 that department stores were advised to _____.[A]focus on infant wearand older kids' clothes[B]attach equalimportance to different genders[C]classify consumersinto smaller groups[D]create some commonshoppers' terms30. It can be concludedthat girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.[A] clearly explained bytheir inborn tendency[B]fully understood byclothing manufacturers[C] mainly imposed byprofit-driven businessmen[D]well interpreted bypsychological expertsText 3In 2010. a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decadesby 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO), a trade group, as sured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle.On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed holb patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad, a company in Utah,said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents' monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growing number seem to st year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecul e “is no less a product of nature... than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds.”Despite the appeals court's decision, big questions remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.AS the industryadvances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. companies areunlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules-most are alreadypatented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genes interact,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of diseaseor predict a drug’s efficacy, companies are eager to win patents for‘connectingthe dots’, explains Hans Saue r, a lawyer for the BIO.Their success may bedetermined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, whichthe Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held aconvention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscapefor patents. Each meeting was packed.31. It can be learnedfrom paragraph I that the biotech companies would like _____A. their executives tobe activeB. judges to rule outgene patentingC. genes to bepatentableD. the BIO to issue awarning32. Those who areagainst gene patents believe that _____A. genetic tests are notreliableB. only man-madeproducts are patentableC. patents on genesdepend much on innovationD. courts shouldrestrict access to gene tic tests33. According to HansSauer, companies are eager to win patents for _____A. establishing diseasecorrelationsB. discovering geneinteractionsC. drawing pictures ofgenesD. identifying human DNA34.By saying “each meeting was packed”(line4,para6)the author meansthat _____A. the supreme court wasauthoritativeB. the BIO was apowerful organizationC. gene patenting was agreat concernD. lawyers were keen toattend conventions35. Generally speaking,the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is _____A. criticalB. supportiveC. scornfulD. objectiveText 4The great recession maybe over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before itends,It will likely changethe life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately,it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of oursociety for years.No one tries harder thanthe jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Manysaid that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in someways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; theywere more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps therecession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken usfrom our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put anecessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part,these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences ofEconomic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that bothinside and outside the U.S. ,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or declinehave almost always left society moremean-spirited and less inclusive, and haveusually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrantsentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.Income inequalityusually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one,. Indeed,this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decreaseopportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research ofTill Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not allpeople graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those withdegrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwisewould have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneaththem that are left behind.In the internet age, itis particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden withinAmerican society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely howthese lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S.was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in itshistory, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then haveshown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard timeswill reshape our social fabric. But they certainly will reshape it, and all themore so the longer they extend.36. By saying “to findsilver linings”（Line 1,Para.2）the author suggest that the jobless try to ____.[A]seek subsidies fromthe government[B]explore reasons forthe unemployment[C]make profits from thetroubled economy[D]look on the brightside of the recession37. According toParagraph 2,the recession has made people _____.[A]realize the nationaldream[B]struggle against eachother[C]challenge theirlifestyle[D]reconsider theirlifestyle38. Benjamin Friedmanbelieve that economic recessions may _____.[A]impose a heavierburden on immigrants[B]bring out more evilsof human nature[C]Promote the advanceof rights and freedoms[D]ease conflictsbetween races and classes39. The research of TillVon Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tendto _____.[A]lag behind the othersdue to decreased opportunities[B]catch up quickly withexperienced employees[C]see their lifechances as dimmed as the others’[D]recover more quicklythan the others40. The author thinksthat the influence of hard times on society is _____.[A]certain[B]positive[C]trivial[D]destructivePart BDirections:Read the following textand answer the questions by finding information from the left column thatcorresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are twoextra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1. (10points)“Universal history, thehistory of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History ofthe Great Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle.Well, not any more it is not. Suddenly, Britain looksto have fallen out with its favorite historical form. This could be no morethan a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about howwe now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers andmore interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.From the earliest daysof the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary livesof great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De VirisIllustribus – On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classicalheroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising tothe top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turnedon its head. In The Prince, he championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness,rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.Over time, theattributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leadingpainters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist'spersonal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian authorSamual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers,industrialists and explorers. "The valuable examples which they furnishthe power of self-help, of patient purpose, resolute working and steadfastintegrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character,exhibit,” wrote Smiles.” what it is in the power of each to accomplish forhimself” His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwoodwere held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bitbourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroiclives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochalfigures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessinghigher authority than mere mortals.Communist Manifesto. Forthem, history did nothing; it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be thestory of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed toappreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations inwhich each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not makeit just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen bythemselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted fromthe past.”This was the traditionwhich revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle,Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History frombelow stood alongsidebiographies of great men. Whole new realms ofunderstanding — from gender to race to cultural studies —were opened up asscholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed publichistory too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.[A] emphasized the virtue of classical heroes.41. Petrarch [B] highlighted the public glory of the leading artists.42. Niccolo Machiavellli [C] focused on epochal figures whose lives were hard to imitate.43. Samuel Smiles [D] opened up new realms of understanding the great men in history.44. Thomas Carlyle [E] held that history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle.45. Marx and Engels [F] dismissed virtue as unnecessary for successful leaders.[G] depicted the worthy lives of engineer industrialists and explorers.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the followingtext from English into Chinese. Write your translationon ANSWERSHEET2.(15 points)When people indeveloping countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned atthe prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australiatry to attract by using immigration rules that privilege collegegraduates .Lots of studies havefound that well-educated people from developing countries areparticularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian householdsin 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than ahigh-school education, compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over theage of 25.This "brain drain "has long bothered policymakers inpoor countries ,They fear that it hurts their economies, deprivingthemof much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at theiruniversities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make .Section IV WritingPart A47. DirectionsSuppose you have foundsomething wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought froman online store the other day ,Write an email to the customer service center to1) make a complaint and2) demand a prompt solutionYou should write about100words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not sign your ownname at the end of the letter, Use "zhang wei "instead.48、write an essay based onthe following table .In your writing you should1) describe the table,and2) give your commentsYou should write atleast 150 words (15points)某公司员工工作满意度调查年龄 -------满意度满意不清楚不满意小于等于40岁16.7% 50.0% 33.3%41-50岁0.0% 36.0% 64.0%大于50岁40.0 50.0% 10.0%完形填空1. B served2. B common3. A bore4. A necessities5. C but6. D against7. A meaning8. A handed out9. C made 10. D neither11. Ddistinguished 12. B collection 13. C interviewed 14. D human15. C patrolled 16. A paralleled 17. C emphasized 18. C fragments19. B To 20. D at that point完形填空分析英语（二）大纲指出，完形填空文章字数大约是350个词，比英语（一）的文章字数240-280词要多，字数多也就意味着给出了更多的已知线索来搜寻未知信息，所以考生理解起来更顺畅、做起题来更轻松。

一、综合题(本试卷共50分。

其中：要求1至要求5、要求7至要求10用中文解答；要求6、要求11和要求12必须用英文解答，用中文解答不得分。

)资料(一)：华盛商业股份有限公司（以下简称华盛股份）是一家在上海证券交易所上市的大型商业企业。

华盛集团有限公司是华盛股份的第一大股东，是甲省国资委控股的国有企业。

华盛股份及其下属子公司的主营业务包括百货、超市、专业产品连锁店、餐饮、房地产等。

华光眼镜有限公司（以下简称华光眼镜）是华盛股份的全资子公司，成立于上世纪70年代。

华光眼镜从上世纪90年代末开始拓展眼镜零售连锁网络，是国内较早从事眼镜连锁专卖的企业。

经过多年的发展，华光眼镜的市场份额占据省内第一、全国第五的位置。

2005年末，华光眼镜在全国拥有超过 100家连锁店，其中80%在甲省及周边地区。

华光眼镜的核心管理团队在连锁经营领域有着丰富的经验，尤其在店铺选址方面。

华光眼镜在甲省各大核心商业区的黄金地段都拥有位置优越的店铺。

由于其较长的经营历史和严格的质量控制，华光眼镜店在消费者心目中享有良好的声誉。

截至2005年末，中国零售行业已连续十年保持高速增长，复合年增长率达12.9%。

管理层预期“十一五”期间零售行业将继续保持两位数的增长速度。

各大零售企业出于对行业前景的良好预期，普遍迅速扩张，形成了活跃的竞争态势。

随着人们生活水平的提高和消费能力的增强，消费者除了重视眼镜的基本功能外，还越来越重视美观时尚。

尤其是年轻人，不再等眼镜坏了才购买新的，而会频繁地更换新的款式。

这一趋势引起华光眼镜总经理赵刚的重视。

2006年初，赵刚召集各部门开会，研究如何更好地把握市场动态，抓住潜在增长机遇。

赵刚要求财务部利用过去3年的财务和业务数据，分析目前华光眼镜对年轻客户群的销售情况。

资料（二）新上任的财务总监王红发现公司的财务系统只能按照镜片、镜框、隐形眼镜、太阳镜等产品类别分析销售数据，不能按照客户群类别进行分析；而业务系统虽然拥有每一单销售的详细产品信息和客户信息，却无法将销售单中的信息按照特定产品类别或客户群直接进行数据汇总。

安徽大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题（回忆版）法理宪法一名词解释1、法律义务2、法律行为3、法律编纂4、结社自由5、无记名投票原则6、刚性宪法二简答题1、简述法律责任的构成要件2、简述法的局限性3、简述法的基本特征4、简述我国采取单一制的原因5、简述宪法规定的宗教姓仰自由的含义6、简述宪法作为我国根本法的理由三论述题1、试述依法治国方略的基本内涵2、试述现阶段我国的宪法实施保障机制四材料分析题（材料暂无）1、关于中国特色法律体系的内容及意义2、关于侵犯了宪法所规定的公民的基本权利的问题民法刑法一名词解释1、刑法的溯及力2、法定代表人3、代位继承4、斡旋受贿5、预告登记6、名誉权7、有价证券8、刑事责任能力9、危险驾驶罪（少了一题想不到了）二简答题1、简述善意取得的构成要件2、简述承揽合同的特点3、简述数罪并罚原则在我国的适用4、简述无效法律行为的特点5、简述刑法中的属地管辖权6、简述利用影响力受贿罪的客观方面构成要件三论述1、试述犯罪中止形态的特征2、试述质权与抵押权的区别四案例分析（材料暂无）1、有关罪名的认定，主要是对于“拐卖妇女儿童罪”和“强奸罪”的认定2、有关合同的成立要件、善于取得的认定问题安徽大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题法理宪法一、名词解释法律关系的主体法律规则法律移植宪法国家形式违宪责任二、简答简述法律行为内在方面简述法律责任构成简述法律职业的特征简述权利制约原则在我国宪法中的体现为保障宪法最高地位，我国宪法主要采取了哪些具体措施简述宪政建设经济条件三、论述论述当代中国法律发展目标方向论宪法作用于公民与宪法作用于国家的差异材料分析题略安徽大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题民法刑法一、名词解释持有、牵连犯、假释、挪用公款罪、伪证罪、人格权、宣告失踪、物权法定原则、一般诉讼时效、提存二、简答1、简述合同诈骗罪构成要件2、简述犯罪得失的类型及其特征3、简述犯罪未遂形态的特征4、简述代理权行使原则5、简述租赁合同的特点6、简述遗产的特点三、论述1、论犯罪主体特殊身份对定罪量刑的意义2、论述担保物权的从属性案例题略安徽大学2010年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题名称：法理学、宪法学试题代码：602一、名词解释（每小题三分，共18分）1、法律编纂2、法的实效3、法系4、不成文宪法5、宪政6、联邦制二、简答题（每小题10分，共60分）1、法律关系的基础特征是什么？2、简析法律责任的本质3、执法的原则是什么？4、法对秩序的维护作用有哪些？5、我国基层群众性自治组织的特点是什么？6、我国宪法规定宗教信仰自由的含义是什么？三、论述题（每小题20分，共40分）1、论解决法律与道德冲突的基础措施2、论违宪责任的形式四、案例分析题（每小题16分，共32分）1、甲市在招商引资过程中，党委和政府要求当地司法机关要切实为外商办实事，进化投资环境，提供优质服务。

2012考研真题及答案2012年考研真题及答案2012年考研真题及答案是备考考研的学生们非常关注的话题。

考研是众多大学毕业生继续深造的重要途径，因此了解过去的考试题目和答案对于备考者来说是非常有帮助的。

本文将回顾2012年考研真题及答案，并对其进行简要分析。

一、英语阅读理解2012年考研英语阅读理解部分的题目主要涉及科技、环境、文化等领域。

其中一道题目是关于科技发展的，题目要求考生根据所给材料判断陈述的真假。

这道题目考察了考生的阅读理解能力和逻辑思维能力。

另一道题目是关于环境保护的，要求考生根据文章内容回答问题。

这道题目考察了考生的综合分析能力和推理能力。

总体来说，2012年英语阅读理解部分的题目难度适中，考察了考生的语言理解和分析能力。

二、数学综合能力2012年考研数学综合能力部分的题目主要涉及概率、统计、线性代数等内容。

其中一道题目是关于概率的，要求考生计算某事件发生的概率。

这道题目考察了考生的计算能力和概率理论的掌握程度。

另一道题目是关于线性代数的，要求考生计算矩阵的秩。

这道题目考察了考生的线性代数知识和运算能力。

总体来说，2012年数学综合能力部分的题目难度适中，考察了考生的数学基础和解题能力。

三、专业课程2012年考研专业课程的题目主要涉及各个学科的核心知识点。

其中一道题目是关于计算机网络的，要求考生根据所给网络拓扑图回答问题。

这道题目考察了考生对计算机网络的理解和应用能力。

另一道题目是关于管理学的，要求考生根据所给情景分析并回答问题。

这道题目考察了考生的管理学知识和分析能力。

总体来说，2012年专业课程部分的题目难度适中，考察了考生对专业知识的理解和应用能力。

四、写作能力2012年考研写作部分的题目是一篇短文，要求考生根据所给材料进行写作。

这道题目考察了考生的写作能力和逻辑思维能力。

考生需要根据所给材料，进行分析和归纳，并进行合理的论证和表达。

总体来说，2012年写作部分的题目难度适中，考察了考生的写作能力和思维能力。

2012年英语中考试卷的分析及复习策略今年英语中考卷的变化和创新主要体现在题型，即增加了听力部分的第一大题：听短对话，回答问题；同时减少了词语填空题的5个小题。

全卷重点考查了基础知识和基本语言能力，需要考生较好的语言能力。

如单项选择题中每一题考点都是非常基础的语言点，每一题都需要考生读懂语言情景，才能正确作答。

听力的第三部分，模拟了用英语上一堂数学课，在听取教师的指令中完成任务，解决数学问题。

此数学问题是学生非常感兴趣的利用自己的出生年月日计算出自己平时不太关注的出生星期。

而且试卷中选用的完形填空材料贴近学生生活的材料。

通过对试卷的分析，依据《中学英语教学课程标准》和《英语中考说明》，结合学生和教学实际情况，建议从三方面做好中考复习安排。

一、正确分析实际情况，做好全盘筹划英语在中学教学中占有十分重要的地位。

无论是在课程标准中的教学时间安排，还是在中考科目中分值的比例，都对学生提出了较高的标准要求。

而实际的教学，课堂是唯一的学习机会，校外的英语学习接触面和学习机会几乎没有，学习困难不能及时化解，日渐积累成为很多学生无法逾越的“鸿沟”。

加之受智力因素和其他社会因素的影响，学生对英语学习接受程度有快有慢，由此形成了巨大的差距。

再就是中考复习任务重，三年学习内容的复习对多数学生来说是一项极为困难的事情。

因此英语复习过程务必要有清晰的教学思路，明确的“战略”部署，恰当的“战术”运用，才能打有把握之战。

二、精心安排时间，掌控进度，合理调整初中的英语教学进度不比高中的情况，不能占用课外时间补课，所以通常只能赶在中考前三个月左右结束学科常规教学。

通过多种方法比较，实践证明大多采用三轮复习方式。

其时间和内容安排是：第一轮：强基础，树信心，注重全面性。

时间大约用四十天左右。

此处的“全面性”含有两个方面的含义：即知识的全面性和学生的全面性。

主要任务是基础知识的复习。

在这个环节应该不急不躁，全面掌握教材，注重基础为核心。

2012年南开大学文学院720文学基础考研真题（回忆版）及部分答案一、名词解释1．文学四要素2．三言二拍3．文学研究会4．常州词派5．归来诗人二、简答题1．简述有意味的形式。

答：略。

2．简述《论语》的文学思想以及艺术特征。

答：《论语》是我国先秦时期第一部语录体散文集，主要记载孔子及其弟子的言行，是由孔子弟子及再传弟子记录编纂而成。

全书二十篇，四百九十二章，比较集中地反映了孔子的思想。

《论语》中所记孔子循循善诱的教诲之言，或简单应答，点到即止；或启发辩论，侃侃而谈，其言富于变化，娓娓动人。

（1）《论语》的文学思想主要包括：①文学功用方面，倡导文学的教化功能，发挥文学“兴、观、群、怨”的社会作用。

孔子在谈到《诗》时，提出了“诗可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨”之说，体现出了古代文学思想中重视文学的教化功能的特点。

②文学内容与形式关系方面，主张“文质彬彬”，要求正确的思想内容和完美的艺术形式的相统一。

《论语·雍也篇》中有云“子曰：‘质胜文则野，文胜质则史。

文质彬彬，然后君子。

’”此句道出了文学作品中内容与形式的统一，被视为文质论的源头。

③文学审美方面，提倡“思无邪”的中和之美。

《论语·为政》中有言：“诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。

”“思无邪”即中和之美，孔子在文学艺术上所追求的就是中和之美。

中和之美要求处理好文艺内部的各要素之间的关系，做到和谐适度、恰到好处的理想状态。

（2）《论语》的艺术特征体现在以下几个方面：①《论语》以多种手法，从不同侧面生动传神地描写出了一个个富于个性的人物系列形象。

追求理想、诲人不倦的孔子是《论语》最重要人物形象，除此之外，还有颜渊、子游、子路等士人形象，长诅、晨门、楚狂等隐者形象等等。

《论语》传神地为我们描写刻画出了一批活脱脱的人物形象，使用的语言最长不过百余字，写人物虽然只是一个面影，一两个动作，一串对话，甚至是片刻心绪，却常出人意外地鲜明生动。

②《论语》情节完整，成为我国叙事文学先驱。

2012年GRE考试机经部分真题（回忆版）总体印象，换题库了。

考前看JJ就由此感，今天考完更加确信，基本没看到机经，或许是我看的少吧1」ssue，真的高频啊，universities or colleges should require all stude nts to study abroad for at least one semester 。

大意女口此。

昨晚入睡前在床上拿这个联系一下，今天就考到了。

晕。

2。

argument，—个公司的on-the-job accident 比旁边某某公司多了百分之三十。

Experts say the major*** is fatigure and sleep depravite blahblahblah..…没什么好说的。

顺便提一句，本人也是没怎么写作文。

临场发挥。

所以碰到那个issue 真的幸运。

3。

填空：记得不多，ubiquity un iqitous 都考到了。

3.1 一种wide-ranging 的动物还是植物在边远地区的poplulation is subject to less （--） and more variable con disti ons tha n otherareas ...... 从而得出结论是（----）.我选的第一个空为favorable 第二空为lower at the prephery3.2研究人员在一个社会理发现很多的cult和什么东东（记不住了总之和宗教有关），从而得出结论这个社会宗教是（--）我选无处不在的ubiquitous.3.3 —个作者的作品不应该继续被认为是（--）,因为他最近的作品with obscurity 什么的和（--）language 。

第一个空我选的是accessible,第二个空选的是rarefy.非常不确定我的复述和我的答案是否真确。

3.4学校怎么怎么着年轻的学生们不再（--），他们开始重回tradition和什么东东，我选的是co ntumacity 或是他的形容词。

复试回忆版--------2012级南开应用统计硕士☆写在前面：首先，恭喜各位坚持到了复试，离最后的胜利只有一步之遥了，加油噢！以下是2012年复试的情况，根据参加了复试的6名同学提供的回忆，由群主和管理员两名同学整理审阅，希望对大家有所帮助。

去年的东西仅供参考，大家也要为可能的变化做好准备。

复试分数线：55 55 83 83 340基本情况说明：参加复试的是初试的前15名，第一名429分，第15名是340分。

（前15名里没有单科不过线的）。

原计划招25个人，推免14人，统招11人，但复试前有个推免的放弃了，所以统招变成12人。

复试结束后，录取了12人，但又有一个推免的放弃了，统招补录1人。

最后15个人里录取了13个人，没有被录取的是后三名里其中两个。

复试按先后顺序分为四个部分：专业课笔试、查证签协议、英语面试、专业课面试一、专业课笔试上午八点多开始，一个小时，地点是数学楼第一报告厅，监考老师是研究生管理办公室的郭老师，就是大家往数学院打电话时会接电话的那个男老师。

我们和学术硕士在一起笔试，应用统计的卷子和概率论数理统计学术硕士的卷子是一样的，有七个大题，四个概率三个统计，挺难，厉害的能答上四五个。

至于用哪本书复习的问题，嗯……我们最后基本统一了观点，就初试那本就行了，实在不放心，就看看李贤平的《概率论基础》解解心疑，也没啥大用。

据两位帅锅回忆，有一个是分布问题；一个是关于卷积公式的；一个是证明当c为方差时，E（X-c）平方最小；一个是点估计区间估计的，不难；一个假设检验的，不难；一个是证明某个次序统计量是最小方差无偏估计的，挺难。

老师批卷子手松，大家分差的不大。

二、查证签协议笔试结束后排队检查毕业证学位证，交成绩单、身份证复印件和复试钱100块。

还要签个协议，问如果被录取是不是要住在学校。

建议大家如果不是铁了心自己找房子，就先签在学校住，开学发现不满意还可以退宿退钱。

目前南开的规定是学术硕士研一住校外，研二回本部，专业硕士不管几年级都住在校外，我们这届是男生住在儒西校区，住宿费一年1200；女生住在迎水道校区，住宿费一年800。

2012福建省教师招考——中学政治真题回忆版整体上来说，这次考试很难，专业知识主要是高中的四本书，初中的课文考得比较少，与中学相关的高等教育专业课程知识考得也比较少。

比较难的是大纲的第二部分——中学政治课程与教学论内容，内容考得非常的细。

选说下选择题，考纲里面说有单选和多选，但这次只考了单选，难度系数蛮大的，判断题也没考，题量也大，所以大家在平时的复习中要细心，还要结合模拟题进行练习。

由于题量大，具体的选择题内容一时回忆不起来，我主要讲下大题，这次试卷很多是紧密联系福建的时政的，而且考的内容很细，大家平时要多多关注福建的新闻。

，先说一下最后一大题：给你一个不完整的教学设计1.根据提供的资料写教学目标（也就是三维目标）2.教学设计的组成要素3.联系材料，分析教学设计应遵循的原则（12分，这题比较难，很多人不会想到要考原则，而且分值也大）还有其他大题1.如何理解和确定教学难点2.启发式教学模式应注意的问题3.提供了关于“人文福建”的资料，回答三个问题：（1）从政治生活角度，如何发展“人文福建”（2）“人文文化”的经济意义（3）“人文福建”基本内涵体现了什么哲理4.关于厦门经济特区的，体现了什么哲学道理2012年福建省中小学新任教师公开招聘考试中学政治学科考试大纲一、考试性质福建省中小学新任教师公开招聘考试是符合招聘条件的考生参加的全省统一的新任教师选拔性考试。

考试结果将作为福建省中小学新任教师公开招聘面试的依据。

招聘考试应从教师应有的专业素质和教育教学能力等方面进行全面考核，择优录取。

招聘考试应具有较高的信度、效度，必要的区分度和适当的难度。

二、考试目标与要求1．考查考生比较系统地掌握《普通高中思想政治课程标准（实验）》、《全日制义务教育思想品德课程标准（实验稿）》所要求的思想政治、思想品德基础知识、基本原理，能够运用所学知识分析社会政治、经济、文化现象，解决社会生活中的问题。

2．考查考生充分理解与《普通高中思想政治课程标准（实验）》、《全日制义务教育思想品德课程标准（实验稿）》相关的大学政治、经济、哲学、法律等基本内容，理论联系实际，综合运用所学知识解释生产、生活和社会发展中的实际问题，提出自己的合理化建议。

育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。

目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师！2012年中国人民大学汉硕真题（回忆版）(1) .汉语国际教育基础真题：第一部分文化一、填空题30分1.阴阳五行之源是（）2.六朝古都是（）3.举一反三出自（）4.大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆的作者是（）5.第一批留学生是去（）6.西方的鬼节是（）7.秦始皇统一六国后的政策：车同轨，书同文，行同( ).8.我国国家机构的根本组织原则和领导制度是（）.9.郑崔卢王是在（）朝成为大姓的。

10.日本小诗()三句共17个字。

………………二、判断题20分1.武汉的黄鹤楼位于龟山。

2.黄鹤楼在武汉龟山。

3.玄奘是我国古代第一个去印度取经的僧人。

…………三、选择题30分1.对日本《源氏物语》影响最大的唐代诗人是（）2.大晟乐是（）民族的3.宗法制形成于（）4.世界上最大的盆地位于（）洲5.东国文学之父是（）6.“教民以礼仪田蚕”的是（）7.佛教产生于（）8.提出“四大发明之说”的是（）9.考了莫扎特…………第二部分教育学心理学跨文化交际学一、填空题10分1.《刘三姐》是（）族的作品。

二、选择题10分三、判断题10分主要都出自刘珣的《对外汉语教育学引论》另外有几题出自人大出版社的《汉语国际教育硕士必备》教育学心理学考了几个内驱力，答案是附属内驱力的那个。

第三部分作文40分要求不低于600字主题是人生目的不要过分看重，不然会束缚自己的前进道路。

2012英语学科教学333 和 908真题回忆（含复试经验）333 教育综合1名词解释：30分最近发展区学制素质教育研究型学习教育的生活目的建构主义教学理论教育适应生活说2填空：20分1. 皮亚杰针对儿童认知发展提出的四个概念：__________、同化、___________ 和整合。

2. 赫尔巴特明确提出了三种教学方法：______________、_________________和综合教学法。

3. 我国最成熟的学制是________________4. 我国教育的培养方面：知识和技能。

5.我国的教育结构包括：学前教育、_______________、_____________ 和______________。

3问答题：50分课程设计的依据教学设计的考虑因素你是如何理解“德育应该存在于一切教学活动之中”这句话的？简述学校教育在学生的身心发展中起主导作用的条件我国新时期的教育方针班主任的素质要求4论述题：50分论述什么是启发性原则及其教学你认为要做一名好教师应该具备哪些最重要的素质。

（填空题和简答题各少一个，欢迎补充）今年的题目有点坑爹，两个教育史和教育心理学基本没怎么出题，出的都是教育学原理。

908 专业基础Part 1 词汇（30分）第一题是高英一第六课课后题的第十题第二题是很多课后的词语替换题总之都是课后题Part 2 （30分）五篇阅读，每个阅读六个小题比较简单Part 3 （40分）汉译英题目比较变态内容大概就是我国经济繁荣发达建设小康社会建设社会主义现代化国家发展为了人民依靠人民为人民共享等等英译汉比较简单说美国经济的ZF是否应该干预Part 4 （30分）大作文题目是A hundred years later 要求写三段各段开头给了一句话就是有人对未来的生活持悲观态度有人持乐观态度我们要美好的未来应该怎么做要求不少于200字比较简单Part 5 (20分)教学法问答题，四道1 what is communicative language teaching?2 Sociolinguistics3 what is the difference of language acquisition and language learning?4 what is the top-down model of reading?============================================================================== （以下内容复制自本贴34楼）说一下我的考研经历，希望能给13年的考生们提供些经验吧。

1. Rise: （rise-rose-risen）Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. (get out of bed)The moon has not yet risen. (sun or moon appears in the sky)In the first half of this year the total coal output rose by eighty per cent as compared with that of last year. (amount or degree increases)注：区分arise, raise, arouse, rise (及物性与词义两方面区别)2. flourish: If something flourishes, it is successful, active, or common, and developing quickly and strongly.Business flourished and within six months they were earning 18,000 roubles a day.Best wishes for our flouring country. (adj)3. in the hope of= hoping toIn the hope of getting CET-4, I participate in the classes.3. trade-offA trade-off is a situation where you make a compromise between two things, or where you exchange all or part of one thing for another. 妥协; 交换4. excessive (adj)If you describe the amount or level of something as excessive, you disapprove of it because it is more or higher than is necessary or reasonable.Excessive spending, excessive food5. Bureaucracy: 官僚主义；官僚机构6. forge: If one person or institution forges an agreement or relationship with another, they create it with a lot of hard work, hoping that it will be strong or lasting.Forge a good relationship with leaders, parents and friends.7. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in NO Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary (and some middle ) schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.As 作为关系代词表示“正如”8. Countertrend：opposite to a trendCounter: opposite, against (反对、相反)Counterbalance: 抗平衡countemeasures (对策)，counterflow（逆流）9. enrollmentIf you enrol or are enrolled at an institution or in a class, you officially join it.I was enrolled in LanZhou Traffic University last year.10 Charter school: 特许学校特许学校是英文Charter school的译称，特许学校与政府之间是一种的关系（通常三至五年），学校必须在契约规定期间保证达成双方认可的经营目标。

2012考研真题及答案2012年的考研真题是许多考生备战考研的重要资料，了解这些真题并熟悉其中的答案对于备考考研的同学来说是至关重要的。

在本文中，将为您介绍2012年的考研真题及其答案。

第一部分：数学一2012年的考研数学一科目主要涵盖了数学分析、高等代数和概率论等内容。

以下是部分考题及其答案的概要。

题一：设函数f(x)在区间[a,b]上连续，且在(a,b)内可导，证明：在(a,b)内至少存在一点ξ，使得f(b)-f(a)=(b-a)f' ( ξ )。

解析：根据罗尔定理，由于f(x)在[a,b]上连续，且在(a,b)内可导，那么在[a,b]上有f(a)=f(b)。

根据拉格朗日中值定理，存在一点ξ∈(a,b)，使得f' ( ξ )=(f(b)-f(a))/(b-a)。

所以，f(b)-f(a)=(b-a)f' ( ξ )。

题二：已知数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=2^n-3^n+4^n-5^n，求证数列{a_n}是等差数列。

解析：我们可以通过数学归纳法来证明这个结论。

当n=1时，a_1=2-3+4-5=-2。

当n=k时，假设a_k=2^k-3^k+4^k-5^k成立。

当n=k+1时，我们需要证明a_(k+1) =2^(k+1)-3^(k+1)+4^(k+1)-5^(k+1)也成立。

根据等差数列的性质，我们有a_(k+1)-a_k = (2^(k+1)-3^(k+1)+4^(k+1)-5^(k+1)) - (2^k-3^k+4^k-5^k)。

化简后可得a_(k+1)-a_k= -2 × 3^k + 3^(k+1) -2 × 5^k + 5^(k+1)。

通过整理和变换，我们得到a_(k+1)-a_k = -3^k (2-3) + 5^k (5-2) = 0。

因此，数列{a_n}是等差数列。

通过以上两道题目，我们可以看出2012年考研数学一科目的难度适中，考察了数学分析和代数的基本概念和推导方法。

11月8日机经11月8日听力综合评述：本次考试两新两旧，由于是周四加试回忆较少，整体难度适中。

具体回忆如下：11月8日阅读11月8日写作小作文表格图Percentage of patients satisfied.参考思路：剑5 PAGE 98 WRITING TASK 1大作文We have three important parts of education reading, writing and Math. Some people think every child will benefit from a fourth skill added to the list: computer skills: do you agree or disagree? 我们现在的教育有3个重要的部分，阅读，写作和数学。

有些人认为每个孩子都能够从第四种技能当中获得好处：计算机技能。

你是否同意？解题思路：立场不同意，因为出现every太绝对。

考虑通过孩子的特质进行区分。

第一段：介绍背景，数码科技的发展，导致很多公司都将熟练掌握电脑技能作为招聘时的必须要求，引出考试话题，专家观点，个人意见。

第二段：承认确实对一些有创造力的孩子，电脑教育确实可以对他们有好处。

具体化好处的内容是什么，原因是什么？对个人，对社会的方面来说。

第三段：反驳不是对所有孩子都有好处。

什么情况下没好处？从孩子的健康分析，生理，心理。

结论段：从增加孩子的知识面说是好的，但是教电脑技术应当严格由老师指导下进行。

参考例文：As digital technology is dramatically shifting people’s lives in virtually every aspect, growing numbers of multinationals have regarded sufficient computer literacy as a must for the majority of job applicants. Under such circumstances, it is small wonder that many educators believe that adding computer courses to education systems will benefit every child as much as teaching other curriculum such as reading, writing and Mathmetics. I am, however, not convinced by this view.Admittedly, many students with a strong sense of imagination and creativity can benefit tremendously from the education of how to harness the power of computers because they can be perfect tools by which those children are able to unleash their potential to engage in the designing of extremely useful apps with the possibilities to not only create hefty sums of fortune for themselves but huge conveniences to the entire society. Likewise, many children living in poverty would also be greatly helped if they can take advantage of computers and the Internet under teachers’ assistance in schools to exploit huge numbers of learning resources for free.Despite the facts presented above, it is by no means to claim that conveying computer skills can benefit each student. After all, children are still in critical stages of their growth and therefore overexposure to the intense lights emitted by screens of digital devices would turn out to besignificantly detrimental to the development of their vision. In addition, many boys and girls would easily be attracted not by information related to their academic performance but by a strong sense of excitement brought by watching violent movies or playing online games, leading to serious addiction to the Internet, which, if unchecked, would completely disrupt their normal lives.In my observation, although it would be justifiable for schools to launch computer training programs for the sake of nurturing child ren’s curiosity, they must provide those immature users of such a sophisticated technology with comprehensive guidance and supervision.词汇解析：1.Virtually 基本上2.Multinationals 跨国公司puter literacy 电脑技能4.Unleash 释放5.Detrimental to 对……不利6.Academic performance 学术表现7.Sense of excitement 刺激感8.Addiction 上瘾9.For the sake of 为了10.Immature user 不成熟的使用者11月8日口语综合评述：本次考试时间在周四，也就是考生口中的加试，参加人数较少，故口语话题并不太多。

回忆版真题、真题以及样题的价值新一个考研季开始了，大部分同学应该开始找到自己心仪的专业，并开始复习了。

很多同学希望得到目标学校目标专业的真题，然而很多学校都不公布真题，各种论坛只由网友回忆版的真题。

有的学校公布了样题。

这三种题有一定的区别。

真题就是每年考研究生的卷子，是考研的同学们最最希望得到的资源。

有的大学在研究生招生网站的某一个栏目公布，但很多大学都不会在官网上公布真题。

有的大学虽然不在官网上公布真题，但是同学们可以去目标院校购买真题。

有的学校的真题无论通过那种途径都得不到，这就可能催生下一种类型的题源，就是常说的“回忆版真题”。

真题给同学们提供某某学校出题的大方向。

虽然每一年考的内容有不同，通过至少5年的真题，同学可以预测出大致的难度和考研的侧重点，从而有更明确的目标进行复习。

“回忆版真题”来源于“真题”，因为有的同学在考研之后感觉自己可能考不上，或者急于知道答案，于是借着出考场记忆力最好的时候，拿张纸把考题的梗概记下来。

这就是“回忆版真题”。

英语专业的回忆版真题来源于英语翻译基础和汉语写作与百科知识，因为这类题题量比较小，而且以词条形式居多。

汉语写作部分的两个作文估计考生也能说出梗概，写作的主题和文体是什么。

英语翻译基础的篇章题同学能说出考的是散文还是演讲，英译汉汉译英的大致难度。

而对于其他科目，比如语言学和英美文学，有些内容也能凭着记忆会议出来，不过文学鉴赏题可能因为某些文章段落太长，而且没见过，不方便分享给后辈。

至于基础英语和翻译硕士英语，因为客观题比较多，估计同学们回忆的，也就是个大致考了哪些语法点，阅读考了什么题型，基础英语的翻译考了什么题材，作文考了什么题目等等。

回忆版真题给大家也提供了不少帮助。

有的回忆版真题没有给同学提供什么实质性的内容，所以大家在看“回忆版真题”的时候，要注意甄别。

样题估计是同学们在没有真题和回忆版真题之后的一种选择。

由于各大高校公布的样题“恒久远，永流传”，估计成为大家最不想要的资源之一。