Words and Expressions for Unit 1 Lesson Alook up to sb phrasal verb = to admire and respect someone: 尊敬e.g. He'd always looked up to his uncle.be critical ofprosperity n. [U]= the state of being successful and having a lot of money: 繁荣, 旺盛;成功, 顺利, 幸福e.g. A country's future prosperity depends, to an extent, upon the quality of education of its people.The war was followed by a long period of peace and prosperity.prosperous adj. = successful, usually by earning a lot of money: 繁荣的e.g. In a prosperous country like this, no one should go hungry.adversity noun [C or U]= a difficult or unlucky situation or event: 不幸, 灾祸, 逆境e.g. She was always cheerful in adversity.The road to happiness is paved with adversities.adverse adjective [before noun]= having a negative or harmful effect on sth: 不利的, 敌对的, 相反的e.g. The match has been cancelled due to adverse weather conditions.They received a lot of adverse publicity/criticism about the changes.So far the drug is thought not to have any adverse effects.cheer (sb) up phrasal verb [M]= If someone cheers up, or something cheers them up, they start to feel happier: e.g. She was ill so I sent her some flowers to cheer her up.He cheered up at the prospect of a meal.[R] She went shopping to cheer herself up.drift apart phrasal verb= If two people drift apart, they gradually become less friendly and their relationship ends 疏远essential adjective = necessary; needed: 本质的, 实质的, 基本的e.g. Government support will be essential if the project is to succeed.There is essential work to be done before the building can be re-occupied.Water is essential for/to living things.It is essential (that) our prices remain competitive.For the experiment to be valid, it is essential to record the data accurately.essential noun [C usually plural]= a basic thing that you cannot live without: 本质, 实质, 要素, 要点e.g. Because I live in a remote village, I regard my car as an essential.When we go on holiday, we only take the bare essentials.This leaflet will give you the essentials of how to use the word processor.as far as sb is concerned= in a particular person's opinion:e.g. As far as I'm concerned, feng shui is a load of rubbish.best-selling adjective [before noun] 最畅销的, 最红的e.g. She's a best-selling author (= an author whose books are very popular).demonstrate (SHOW) verb [T] 示范, 证明, 论证, 表示, 表明1. to show; to make clear:e.g. These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country.[+ that] Research has demonstrated that babies can recognize their mother's voice very soon after birth.These problems demonstrate the importance of strategic planning.2. to show something and explain how it works:e.g. He's got a job demonstrating kitchen equipment in a department store.[+ question word] The teacher demonstrated how to use the equipment.in detail= including or considering all the information about something or every part of sth: 详细地e.g. We haven't discussed the matter in detail yet.The book described her sufferings in graphic detail.He talked in great detail about the curtains he's chosen for his lounge.straightforward adjective= easy to understand or simple: 简单的, 易懂的, 直接了当的e.g. Just follow the signs to Bradford - it's very straightforward.straightforward adjective= (of a person) honest and not tending to hide their opinions: 正直的, 坦率的e.g. Roz is straightforward and let's you know what she's thinking.run into sb phrasal verb = to meet someone you know when you are not expecting to: 撞上, 偶遇,e.g. Graham ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.stand by sb phrasal verb= to continue to support or help someone who is in a difficult situation: 支持e.g. She has vowed to stand by her husband during his trial.stick up for sth/sb phrasal verb INFORMAL= to support or defend someone or something, especially when they are being criticized: 为...辩护, 维护e.g. I can stick up for myself.It's sweet the way he sticks up for his little brother.put up with sth/sb phrasal verb= to accept or continue to accept an unpleasant situation or experience, or someone who behaves unpleasantly: 忍受, 容忍e.g. I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.He's so moody - I don't know why she puts up with him.They have a lot to put up with (= They have a lot of difficulties).make up phrasal verb = to forgive sb. and be friendly with them again after an argument or disagreement: 和解e.g. They kissed and made up, as usual.We often quarrel but we always make it up soon after.resume verb FORMAL 再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复1. [I or T] If an activity resumes, or if you resume it, it starts again after a pause:e.g. Normal services will be resumed in the spring.[+ ing form of verb] He stopped to take a sip of water and then resumed speak ing.The talks are due to resume today.2. [T] If you resume a place or position which you have left for a period of time, you return to it:e.g. to resume your post/jobPlease resume your seats, as the performance will continue in two minutes.lose touch to stop communicating with someone, usually because they do not live near you now:e.g. We lost touch (with each other) over the years.have sth in common = to share interests, experiences or other characteristics with someone or something:e.g. We don't really have much in common.in common with sb/sth = in the same way as someone or something:e.g. In common with many mothers, she feels torn between her family and her work.social/ educational backgroundsimilar values / personalitiespotential adjective [before noun]= possible when the necessary conditions exist: 潜在的, 可能的e.g. A number of potential buyers have expressed interest in the company.Many potential customers are waiting for a fall in prices before buying.The accident is a grim reminder of the potential dangers involved in North Sea oil production.potential noun [U]= someone's or something's ability to develop, achieve or succeed: 潜能, 潜力e.g. The region has enormous potential for economic development.I don't feel I'm achieving my full potential in my present job.[+ to infinitive] Y ou have the potential to reach the top of your profession.I think this room has got a lot of potential (= could be very good if some changes were made to it). correspond verb [I] = to communicate by writing a letter or sending an email: 通信,e.g. I've been corresponding with several experts in the field.correspond verb [I] = to match or be similar or equal: 相似，相当, 一致：一致e.g. The money I've saved corresponds roughly to the amount I need for my course.The American FBI corresponds to the British MI5.His story of what happened that night didn't correspond with the witness's version.thesis noun [C] plural theses论题, 论文1. a long piece of writing on a particular subject, esp. one that is done for a higher college or university degree:e.g. a doctoral thesis (= for a PhD)2. FORMAL the main idea, opinion or theory of a person, group, piece of writing or speech:e.g. Their main thesis was that war was inevitable.have urge to do sthcount on sb phrasal verb= to be confident that you can depend on someone: 依靠, 指望e.g. Y ou can always count on Michael in a crisis.[+ to infinitive] I can count on my parents to help me.significant adjective = important or noticeable: 重要的, 重大的, 值得注意的e.g. There has been a significant increase in the number of women students in recent years.The talks between the USA and the USSR were very significant for the relationship between the two countries. significance noun [U] = importance:The discovery of the new drug is of great significance for/to people suffering from heart problems.significant adjective= having a special meaning: 有意义的e.g. She looked at him across the table and gave him a significant smile.Do you think it's significant that he hasn't replied to my letter yet?significance noun [U]= special meaning:e.g. Do you think that look he gave you had any significance?sales rep noun [C] (FORMAL sales representative) 商品经销代理, 营业代表= someone who travels to different places trying to persuade people to buy their company's products or services pharmaceutical adjective= connected with the production of medicines: 制药(学)上的e.g. the pharmaceutical industrya pharmaceutical company/product/journalpharmaceutical noun [C usually plural]= a medicineimpulse noun [C + to infinitive]= a sudden strong desire to do something: 刺激; 鼓舞e.g. I had this sudden impulse to shout out "Rubbish!" in the middle of her speech.on (an) impulse= because you suddenly want to, although you haven't planned to:"I didn't know you were looking for some new shoes." "Oh, I wasn't - I just bought them on impulse”impulsive adj. = showing behavior in which you do things suddenly without any planning and without considering the effects they may have: 有推动力的; 冲动的e.g. Don't be so impulsive - think before you act.an impulsive man/decision/gesturemargin noun [C] 页边的空白, (湖、池等的)边缘, 极限, 利润, 差数, (时间、金额等的)富余1. the outer edge of an area:e.g. The plant tends to grow in the lighter margins of woodland areas.2. the empty space to the side of the text on a page, sometimes separated from the rest of the page by a vertical line:e.g. If I have any comments to make, I'll write them in the margin.。
