最新英语六级考试真题试卷(完整版-第1套)资料

大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on invention. Youressay should include the importance of invention and measures to be taken to encourageinvention. Y ou are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. It tries to predict the possible trends of global climate change.B. It studies the impacts of global climate change on people's lives.C. It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.D. It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warming.2. A. It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact.B. It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.C. It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries.D. It is bound to cause endless disputes among nations.3. A. The transition to low-carbon energy systems.B. The cooperation among world major powers.C. The signing of a global agreement.D. The raising of people's awareness.4. A. Carry out more research on it.B. Cut down energy consumption.C. Plan well in advance.D. Adopt new technology.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. When luck plays a role.B. what determines success.C. Whether practice makes perfect.D. How important natural talent is.6. A. It knocks at your door only once in a while.B. It is something that no one can possibly create.C. It comes naturally out of one's self-confidence.D. It means being good at seizing opportunities.7. A. Luck rarely contributes to a person's success.B. One must have natural talent to be successful.C. One should always be ready to seize opportunities.D. Practice is essential to becoming good at something.8. A. Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable.B. People who love what they do care little about money.C. Being passionate about work can make one wealthy.D. People in need of money work hard automatically.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. The stump of a giant tree.B. A huge piece of rock.C. The peak of a mountain.D. A tall chimney.10. A. Human activity.B. Wind and water.C. Chemical processes.D. Fire and fury.11. A. It is a historical monument.B. It was built in ancient times.C. It is Indians' sacred place for worship.D. It was created by supernatural powers.12. A. By sheltering them in a cave.B. By killing the attacking bears.C. By lifting them well above the ground.D. By taking them to the top of a mountain.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. They will buy something from the convenience stores.B. They will take advantage of the time to rest a while.C. They will have their vehicles washed or serviced.D. They will pick up some souvenirs or gift items.14. A. They can bring only temporary pleasures.B. They are meant for the extremely wealthy.C. They should be done away with altogether.D. They may eventually drive one to bankruptcy.15. A. A good way to socialize is to have daily lunch with one's colleagues.B. Retirement savings should come first in one's family budgeting.C. A vacation will be affordable if one saves 20 dollars a week.D. Small daily savings can make a big difference in one's life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three orfour questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. They should be done away with.B. They are necessary in our lives.C. They enrich our experience.D. They are harmful to health.17. A. They feel stressed out even without any challenges in life.B. They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems.C. They are anxious to free themselves from life's troubles.D. They are exhausted even without doing any heavy work. ~18. A. They expand our mind.B. They prolong our lives.C. They narrow our focus.D.They lessen our burdensQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. It is not easily breakable.B. It came from a 3D printer.C. It represents the latest style.D. It was made by a fashion designer.20. A. When she had just graduated from her college.B. When she attended a conference in New York.C. When she was studying at a fashion design school.D. When she attended a fashion show nine months ago.21. A. It was difficult to print.B. It was hard to come by.C. It was hard and breakable.D. It was extremely expensive.22. A. It is the latest model of a 3D printer.B. It is a plastic widely used in 3D printing.C. It gives fashion designers room for imagination.D. It marks a breakthrough in printing material.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. They arise from the advances in technology.B. They have not been examined in detail so far.C. They are easy to solve with modern technology.D. They can't be solved without government support.24. A. It is attractive to entrepreneurs.B. It demands huge investment.C. It focuses on new products.D. It is intensely competitive.25. A.Cooperation with big companies.B. Recruiting more qualified staff.C. In-service training of IT personnel.D. Sharing of costs with each other.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is important that scientists be seen as normal people asking and answering important questions.Good, sound science depends on 26, experiments and reasoned methodologies. It requires awillingness to ask new questions and try new approaches. It requires one to take risks and experiencefailures. But good science also requires 27 understanding,clear explanation and concisepresentation.Our country needs more scientists who are willing to step out in the public 28 and offer theiropinions on important matters. We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing inlanguage that is 29 and understandable to the public. Those of us who are not scientists should alsobe prepared to support public engagement by scientists, and to 30 scientific knowledge into ourpublic communications.Too many people in this country, including some among our elected leadership, still do notunderstand how science works or why robust, long-range investments in research vitally matter. In the1960s, the United States 31 nearly 17% of discretionary (可酌情支配的) spending to research anddevelopment,32 decades of economic growth. By 2008, the figure had fallen into the single33 This occurs at a time when other nations have made significant gains in their own researchcapabilities.At the University of California (UC), we 34 ourselves not only on the quality of our research,but also on its contribution to improving our world. To 35 the development of science from the labbench to the market place, UC is investing our own money in our own good ideas.A. ArenaB. contextualC. ConvincingD. devotedE. DigitsF. hastenG. Hypotheses H. impairingI. Incorporate J. indefiniteK. Indulge L. inertiaM. Pride N. reapingO. WarrantSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Are We in an Innovation Lull?[A] Scan the highlights of this year's Consumer Electronics Show ( CES ), and you may get a slightfeeling of having seen them before. Many of the coolest gadgets this year are the same as thecoolest gadgets last year--or the year before, even. The booths are still exciting, and the demosare still just as crazy. It is still easy to be dazzled by the display of drones (无人机),3D printers,virtual reality goggles ( 眼镜) and more "smart" devices than you could ever hope to catalog.Upon reflection, however, it is equally easy to feel like you have seen it all before. And it ishardnot to think: Are we in an innovation lull ( 间歇期) ?[B] In some ways, the answer is yes. For years, smartphones, televisions, tablets, laptops anddesktops have made up a huge part of the market and driven innovation. But now these segmentsare looking at slower growth curves--or shrinking markets in some cases--as consumers are notas eager to spend money on new gadgets. Meanwhile, emerging technologies--the drones,3Dprinters and smart-home devices of the world--now seem a bit too old to be called "the next bigthing. "[C] Basically the tech industry seems to be in an awkward period now. "There is not any one-hitwonder, and there will not be one for years to come," said Gary Shapiro, president and chiefexecutive of the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). In his eyes, however, that doesn'tnecessarily mean that innovation has stopped. It has just grown up a little. "Many industries aregoing out of infancy and becoming adolescents," Shapiro said.[D] For instance, new technologies that are building upon existing technology have not found theirfooting well enough to appeal to a mass audience, because, in many cases, they need to workeffectively with other devices to realize their full appeal. Take the evolution of the smart home,for example. Companies are pushing it hard but make it almost overwhelming even to dip a toe inthe water for the average consumer, because there are so many compatibility issues to thinkabout. No average person wants to figure out whether their favorite calendar software works withtheir fridge or whether their washing machine and tablet get along. Having to install a different appfor each smart appliance in your home is annoying; it would be nicer if you could manageeverything together. And while you may forgive your smartphone an occasional fault, youprobably have less patience for error messages from your door lock.[E] Companies are promoting their own standards, and the market has not had time to choose awinner yet as this is still very new. Companies that have long focused on hardware now have tothink of ecosystems instead to give consumers practical solutions to their everyday problems."The dialogue is changing from what is technologically possible to what is technologicallymeaningful," said economist Shawn DuBravac. DuBravac works for CTA--which puts on theshow each year--and said that this shift to a search for solutions has been noticeable as heresearched his predictions for 2016.[F] "So much of what CES has been about is the cool. It is about the flashiness and the gadgets,"said John Curran, managing director of research at Accenture. "But over the last couple of years,and in this one in particular, we are starting to see companies shift from what is the largest screensize, the smallest form factor or the shiniest object and more into what all of these devices do thatis practical in a consumer's life. " Even the technology press conferences, which have been high-profile in the past and reached a level of drama and theatrics fitting for a Las Vegas stage, have adifferent bent to them. Rather than just dazzling with a high cool factor, there is a focus on thepractical. Fitbit, for example, released its first smartwatch Monday, selling with a clearpurpose--to improve your fitness--and promoting it as a "tool, not a toy. " Not only that, itsupports a number of platforms: Apple's iOS, Google's Android and Microsoft's Windows phone.[G] That seems to be what consumers are demanding, after all. Consumers are becoming increasinglybored with what companies have to offer: A survey of 28,000 consumers in 28 countries releasedby Accenture found consumers are not as excited about technology as they once were. Forexample, when asked whether they would buy a new smartphone this year, only 48 percent saidyes--a six-point drop from 2015.[H] And when it comes to the hyper-connected super-smart world that technology firms are paintingfor us, it seems that consumers are growing more uneasy about handing over the massive amountsof consumer data needed to provide the personalized, customized solutions that companies needto improve their services. That could be another explanation for why companies seem to bestrengthening their talk of the practicality of their devices.[I] Companies have already won part of the battle, having driven tech into every part of our lives,tracking our steps and our very heartbeats. Yet the persistent question of " Why do I needthat?"--or, perhaps more tellingly,"Why do you need to know that?"--dogs the steps of manynew ventures. Only 13 percent of respondents said that they were interested in buying asmartwatch in 2016, for example--an increase of just one percent from the previous year despite ayear of high-profile launches. That is bad news for any firm that may hope that smartwatches canmake up ground for maturing smartphone and tablet markets. And the survey found flat demandfor fitness monitors, smart thermostats (恒温器) and connected home cameras, as well.[J] According to the survey, that lack of enthusiasm could stem from concerns about privacy andsecurity. Even among people who have bought connected devices of some kind,37 percent saidthat they are going to be more cautions about using these devices and services in the future. A full18 percent have even returned devices until they feel they can get safer guarantees against havingtheir sensitive information hacked.[K] That, too, explains the heavy Washington presence at this year's show, as these new technologiesintrude upon heavily regulated areas. In addition to many senior officials from the Federal Tradeand Federal Communications commissions, this year's list of policy makers also includesappearances from Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx, to talk about smart cities, and FederalAviation Administration Administrator Michael Huerta, to talk about drones.[L] Curran, the Accenture analyst, said that increased government interest in the show makes senseas technology becomes a larger part of our lives. "There is an incompatibility in the rate at whichthese are advancing relative to the way we're digesting it," he said. "Technology is becomingbigger and more aspirational, and penetrating almost every aspect of our lives. We have tounderstand and think about the implications, and balance these great innovations with thepotential downsides they naturally carry with them. "36. Consumers are often hesitant to try smart-home devices because they are worried aboutcompatibility problems.37. This year's electronics show featured the presence of many officials from the federal government.38. The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.39. One analyst suggests it is necessary to accept both tlie positive and negative aspects of innovativeproducts.40. The Consumer Electronics Show in recent years has begun to focus more on the practical value thanthe showiness of electronic devices.41. Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.42. Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to getcustomized products and services.43. The Consumer Technology Association is the sponsor of the annual Consumer Electronics Show.44. Many consumers wonder about the necessity of having their fitness monitored.45. The electronic industry is maturing even though no wonder products hit the market.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year heralded a new era for climate action.For the first time, the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃.This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations. Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for morethan half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports,we reveal just how deep this injustice runs.Developed nations such as Australia, the United States, Canada, and European countries areessentially climate "free-riders": causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gasemissions, while incurring few of the costs such as climate change's impact on food and water. In otherwords, a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels, while at thesame time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.On the flip side, there are many "forced riders", who are suffering from the climate changeimpacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem. Many of the world's most climatevulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states, produce a very smallquantity of emissions. This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke, whilethe heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.The Paris agreement has been widely hailed as a positive step forward in addressing climate changefor all, although the details on addressing "climate justice" can be best described as sketchy.The goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2~C is commendable but the emissions-reduction pledges submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver onthis.More than $100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations toreduce emissions. However, the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction betweendeveloped and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions, effectively ignoring historicalemissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who isresponsible for their provision. Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raisingthem will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating theglobal disease from which they now suffer the most. There must urgently be a meaningful mobilisationof the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions whilehelping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high-emitting nations to decidewhether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants or pioneers.46. The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement becauseA. it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nationsB. it aims to keep temperature rise below 2℃ onlyC. it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD. it burdens developed countries with the sole responsibility47. Why does the author call some developed countries climate "free-riders"?A. They needn't worry about the food and water they consume.B. They are better able to cope with the global climate change.C. They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.D. They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting "forced riders".48. Why does the author compare the "forced riders" to second-hand smokers?A. They have little responsibility for public health problems.B. They are vulnerable to unhealthy environmental conditions.C. They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for.D. They are unaware of the potential risks they are confronting.49. What does the author say about the $100 billion funding?A. It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions.B. There is no final agreement on where it will come from.C. There is no clarification of how the money will be spent.D. It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide.50. what urgent action must be taken to realise the Paris climate agreement?A. Encouraging high-emitting nations to take the initiative.B. Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts.C. Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus.D. Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon (霓虹灯)sign. Their risky behaviors--drinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes andskipping school--can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.But a new study finds that there's another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much dangerof experiencing the same psychiatric symptoms: teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleepand have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle.Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warnsthat it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in jeopardy.Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been dubbed the"invisible risk" group by the study's authors."In some ways they're at greater risk of falling through the cracks," says researcher VladimirCarli. "While most parents, teachers and clinicians would react to an adolescent using drugs or gettingdrunk, they may easily overlook teenagers who are engaging in inconspicuous behaviors."The study's authors surveyed 12,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessivealcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and truancy (逃学). Their aim was todetermine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.About 58% of the students demonstrated none or few of the risk behaviors. Some 13% scored highon all nine of the risk behaviors. And 29%, the "invisible risk" group, scored high on three inparticular: They spent five hours a day or more on electronic devices. They slept six hours a night orless. And they neglected "other healthy activities."The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms ofdepression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of thelow-risk group. But the invisible group wasn't far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of themexhibiting depression.The findings caught Carli off guard. "We were very surprised," he says. "The high-risk group andlow-risk group are obvious. But this third group was not only unexpected, it was so distinct and solarge--nearly one third of our sample--that it became a key finding of the study. "Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early-warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identification, supportand treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.51. What does the author mean by saying "Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide oftenwear their troubles like a neon sign" (Lines 1 - 2, Para.1 ) ?A. Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers.B. Teenagers' mental problems are getting more and more attention.C. Teenagers' mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.D. Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems.52. What is the finding of the new study?A. Teenagers' lifestyles have changed greatly in recent years.B. Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief.C. Teenagers experiencing psychological problems tend to use a lot of media.D. Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems.53. Why do the researchers refer to teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleep and have asedentary lifestyle as the "invisible risk" group?A. Their behaviors can be an invisible threat to society.B. Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.C. Their behaviors do not tend towards mental problems.D. Their behaviors can be found in almost all teenagers on earth.54. What does the new study find about the invisible group?A. They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group.B. They suffer from depression without showing any symptoms.C. They do not often demonstrate risky behaviors as their peers.D. They do not attract the media attention the high-risk group does.55. What is the significance of Vladimir Carli's study?A. It offers a new treatment for psychological problems among teenagers.B. It provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.C. It may have found an ideal way to handle teenagers with behavioral problems.D. It sheds new light on how unhealthy behaviors trigger mental health problems.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. Y ou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。

Section ADirections：In this section.you will hear two long conversations，At the end of each conversation，you will， hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.B.The man’s switch to a new career.C.The updating of technology at CucinTech.D.The project the man managed at CucinTech.B.Effective promotion.C.Strategic innovation.petitive products.B.Expand the market.C.Recruit more talents.D.Watch out for his competitors.◆4.A. Possible bankruptcy.B.Unforeseen difficulties.C.Imitation by one’s competitors.D.Conflicts within the company.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.B.The job of an interpreter.C.The stress felt by professionals.D.The best Way to effective communication.◆6.A. Admirable.B.Promising.C.Meaningful.D.Rewarding.B.They have all studied cross.cultural differences.C.They all have a strong interest in language.D.They all have professional qualifications.’s long.term memory under more stress.B.It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.C.It attaches more importance to accuracy.D.It requires a much larger vocabulary.Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.’mental distress.B.It might increase the risk of infants’death.C.It might affect mothers’health.D.It might disturb infants’sleep.B.Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies’health.C.Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mothers.D.Mothers who breast.feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.B.Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.C.Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.D.Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies’.Questions l2 t015 are based on the passage you have just heard.B.The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.C.The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.D.A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.B.To educate native American children.C.To revitalise America’s native languages.D.To document endangered languages.’s policy of Americanising Indian children.B.The failure of American Indian languages to gain an official status.C.The long.time isolation of American Indians from the outside world.D.The US government’s unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.B.It speeds up the extinction of native languages.C.It is being utilised to teach native languages.D.It tells traditional stories during family time.Section CDirections：In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings Will be played only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA ，B ，C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.B.It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.C.It covers their mortgage payments and medical expensesfor 99 weeks.D.It pays them up to half of their previous wages whilethey look for work.B.Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.C.Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.D.Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance.B.To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.C. To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.D. To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses.Questions l9 t022 are based on the recording you have just heard.◆19.A. They investigated the ice.B. They analyzed the water content.C.They explored the ocean floor.D.They measured the depths of sea water.B.The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.C.Most of the ice was accumulated over the past centuries.D. Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.B. Arctic ice is a major source of the world’s flesh water.C. Arctic ice is essential to human survival.D. The decline of Arctic ice is irreversible.◆22.A. There is no easy technological solution to it.B.It will advance nuclear technology.C.There is no easy way.to understand it.D. It will do a lot of harm to mankind.Questions 23 t025 are based on the recording you have just heard.◆23.A. The deciding factor in children’s academic performance.B. The health problems of children raised by a single parent.C.The relation between children’s self-control and their future success.D. The reason why New Zealand children seem to have better self-control.◆24.A. Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families.B. Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirties.C.Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children.D. Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage fortheir children.◆25.A. Self-control problems will diminish as one growsup.B. Self-control can be improved through education.C. Self-control can improve one’s financial situation.D. Self-control problems may be detected early in children.1.【解析】D。

2020年⼤学英语六级考试真题及答案（第⼀套）⼤学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on invention. Youressay should include the importance of invention and measures to be taken to encourageinvention. Y ou are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. It tries to predict the possible trends of global climate change.B. It studies the impacts of global climate change on people's lives.C. It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.D. It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warming.2. A. It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact.B. It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.C. It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries.D. It is bound to cause endless disputes among nations.3. A. The transition to low-carbon energy systems.B. The cooperation among world major powers.C. The signing of a global agreement.D. The raising of people's awareness.4. A. Carry out more research on it.B. Cut down energy consumption.C. Plan well in advance.D. Adopt new technology.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. When luck plays a role.B. what determines success.C. Whether practice makes perfect.D. How important natural talent is.6. A. It knocks at your door only once in a while.B. It is something that no one can possibly create.C. It comes naturally out of one's self-confidence.D. It means being good at seizing opportunities.7. A. Luck rarely contributes to a person's success.B. One must have natural talent to be successful.C. One should always be ready to seize opportunities.D. Practice is essential to becoming good at something.8. A. Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable.B. People who love what they do care little about money.C. Being passionate about work can make one wealthy.D. People in need of money work hard automatically.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. The stump of a giant tree.B. A huge piece of rock.C. The peak of a mountain.D. A tall chimney.10. A. Human activity.B. Wind and water.C. Chemical processes.D. Fire and fury.11. A. It is a historical monument.B. It was built in ancient times.C. It is Indians' sacred place for worship.D. It was created by supernatural powers.12. A. By sheltering them in a cave.B. By killing the attacking bears.C. By lifting them well above the ground.D. By taking them to the top of a mountain.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. They will buy something from the convenience stores.B. They will take advantage of the time to rest a while.C. They will have their vehicles washed or serviced.D. They will pick up some souvenirs or gift items.14. A. They can bring only temporary pleasures.B. They are meant for the extremely wealthy.C. They should be done away with altogether.D. They may eventually drive one to bankruptcy.15. A. A good way to socialize is to have daily lunch with one's colleagues.B. Retirement savings should come first in one's family budgeting.C. A vacation will be affordable if one saves 20 dollars a week.D. Small daily savings can make a big difference in one's life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three orfour questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. They should be done away with.B. They are necessary in our lives.C. They enrich our experience.D. They are harmful to health.17. A. They feel stressed out even without any challenges in life.B. They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems.C. They are anxious to free themselves from life's troubles.D. They are exhausted even without doing any heavy work. ~18. A. They expand our mind.B. They prolong our lives.C. They narrow our focus.D.They lessen our burdensQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. It is not easily breakable.B. It came from a 3D printer.C. It represents the latest style.D. It was made by a fashion designer.20. A. When she had just graduated from her college.B. When she attended a conference in New York.C. When she was studying at a fashion design school.D. When she attended a fashion show nine months ago.21. A. It was difficult to print.B. It was hard to come by.C. It was hard and breakable.D. It was extremely expensive.22. A. It is the latest model of a 3D printer.B. It is a plastic widely used in 3D printing.C. It gives fashion designers room for imagination.D. It marks a breakthrough in printing material.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. They arise from the advances in technology.B. They have not been examined in detail so far.C. They are easy to solve with modern technology.D. They can't be solved without government support.24. A. It is attractive to entrepreneurs.B. It demands huge investment.C. It focuses on new products.D. It is intensely competitive.25. A.Cooperation with big companies.B. Recruiting more qualified staff.C. In-service training of IT personnel.D. Sharing of costs with each other.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is important that scientists be seen as normal people asking and answering important questions.Good, sound science depends on 26, experiments and reasoned methodologies. It requires awillingness to ask new questions and try new approaches. It requires one to take risks and experiencefailures. But good science also requires 27 understanding,clear explanation and concisepresentation.Our country needs more scientists who are willing to step out in the public 28 and offer theiropinions on important matters. We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing inlanguage that is 29 and understandable to the public. Those of us who are not scientists should alsobe prepared to support public engagement by scientists, and to 30 scientific knowledge into ourpublic communications.Too many people in this country, including some among our elected leadership, still do notunderstand how science works or why robust, long-range investments in research vitally matter. In the1960s, the United States 31 nearly 17% of discretionary (可酌情⽀配的) spending to research anddevelopment,32 decades of economic growth. By 2008, the figure had fallen into the single33 This occurs at a time when other nations have made significant gains in their own researchcapabilities.At the University of California (UC), we 34 ourselves not only on the quality of our research,but also on its contribution to improving our world. To 35 the development of science from the labbench to the market place, UC is investing our own money in our own good ideas.A. ArenaB. contextualC. ConvincingD. devotedE. DigitsF. hastenG. Hypotheses H. impairingI. Incorporate J. indefiniteK. Indulge L. inertiaM. Pride N. reapingO. WarrantSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Are We in an Innovation Lull?[A] Scan the highlights of this year's Consumer Electronics Show ( CES ), and you may get a slightfeeling of having seen them before. Many of the coolest gadgets this year are the same as thecoolest gadgets last year--or the year before, even. The booths are still exciting, and the demosare still just as crazy. It is still easy to be dazzled by the display of drones (⽆⼈机),3D printers,virtual reality goggles ( 眼镜) and more "smart" devices than you could ever hope to catalog.Upon reflection, however, it is equally easy to feel like you have seen it all before. And it ishardnot to think: Are we in an innovation lull ( 间歇期) ?[B] In some ways, the answer is yes. For years, smartphones, televisions, tablets, laptops anddesktops have made up a huge part of the market and driven innovation. But now these segmentsare looking at slower growth curves--or shrinking markets in some cases--as consumers are notas eager to spend money on new gadgets. Meanwhile, emerging technologies--the drones,3Dprinters and smart-home devices of the world--now seem a bit too old to be called "the next bigthing. "[C] Basically the tech industry seems to be in an awkward period now. "There is not any one-hitwonder, and there will not be one for years to come," said Gary Shapiro, president and chiefexecutive of the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). In his eyes, however, that doesn'tnecessarily mean that innovation has stopped. It has just grown up a little. "Many industries aregoing out of infancy and becoming adolescents," Shapiro said.[D] For instance, new technologies that are building upon existing technology have not found theirfooting well enough to appeal to a mass audience, because, in many cases, they need to workeffectively with other devices to realize their full appeal. Take the evolution of the smart home,for example. Companies are pushing it hard but make it almost overwhelming even to dip a toe inthe water for the average consumer, because there are so many compatibility issues to thinkabout. No average person wants to figure out whether their favorite calendar software works withtheir fridge or whether their washing machine and tablet get along. Having to install a different appfor each smart appliance in your home is annoying; it would be nicer if you could manageeverything together. And while you may forgive your smartphone an occasional fault, youprobably have less patience for error messages from your door lock.[E] Companies are promoting their own standards, and the market has not had time to choose awinner yet as this is still very new. Companies that have long focused on hardware now have tothink of ecosystems instead to give consumers practical solutions to their everyday problems."The dialogue is changing from what is technologically possible to what is technologicallymeaningful," said economist Shawn DuBravac. DuBravac works for CTA--which puts on theshow each year--and said that this shift to a search for solutions has been noticeable as heresearched his predictions for 2016.[F] "So much of what CES has been about is the cool. It is about the flashiness and the gadgets,"said John Curran, managing director of research at Accenture. "But over the last couple of years,and in this one in particular, we are starting to see companies shift from what is the largest screensize, the smallest form factor or the shiniest object and more into what all of these devices do thatis practical in a consumer's life. " Even the technology press conferences, which have been high-profile in the past and reached a level of drama and theatrics fitting for a Las Vegas stage, have adifferent bent to them. Rather than just dazzling with a high cool factor, there is a focus on thepractical. Fitbit, for example, released its first smartwatch Monday, selling with a clearpurpose--to improve your fitness--and promoting it as a "tool, not a toy. " Not only that, itsupports a number of platforms: Apple's iOS, Google's Android and Microsoft's Windows phone.[G] That seems to be what consumers are demanding, after all. Consumers are becoming increasinglybored with what companies have to offer: A survey of 28,000 consumers in 28 countries releasedby Accenture found consumers are not as excited about technology as they once were. Forexample, when asked whether they would buy a new smartphone this year, only 48 percent saidyes--a six-point drop from 2015.[H] And when it comes to the hyper-connected super-smart world that technology firms are paintingfor us, it seems that consumers are growing more uneasy about handing over the massive amountsof consumer data needed to provide the personalized, customized solutions that companies needto improve their services. That could be another explanation for why companies seem to bestrengthening their talk of the practicality of their devices.[I] Companies have already won part of the battle, having driven tech into every part of our lives,tracking our steps and our very heartbeats. Yet the persistent question of " Why do I needthat?"--or, perhaps more tellingly,"Why do you need to know that?"--dogs the steps of manynew ventures. Only 13 percent of respondents said that they were interested in buying asmartwatch in 2016, for example--an increase of just one percent from the previous year despite ayear of high-profile launches. That is bad news for any firm that may hope that smartwatches canmake up ground for maturing smartphone and tablet markets. And the survey found flat demandfor fitness monitors, smart thermostats (恒温器) and connected home cameras, as well.[J] According to the survey, that lack of enthusiasm could stem from concerns about privacy andsecurity. Even among people who have bought connected devices of some kind,37 percent saidthat they are going to be more cautions about using these devices and services in the future. A full18 percent have even returned devices until they feel they can get safer guarantees against havingtheir sensitive information hacked.[K] That, too, explains the heavy Washington presence at this year's show, as these new technologiesintrude upon heavily regulated areas. In addition to many senior officials from the Federal Tradeand Federal Communications commissions, this year's list of policy makers also includesappearances from Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx, to talk about smart cities, and FederalAviation Administration Administrator Michael Huerta, to talk about drones.[L] Curran, the Accenture analyst, said that increased government interest in the show makes senseas technology becomes a larger part of our lives. "There is an incompatibility in the rate at whichthese are advancing relative to the way we're digesting it," he said. "Technology is becomingbigger and more aspirational, and penetrating almost every aspect of our lives. We have tounderstand and think about the implications, and balance these great innovations with thepotential downsides they naturally carry with them. "36. Consumers are often hesitant to try smart-home devices because they are worried aboutcompatibility problems.37. This year's electronics show featured the presence of many officials from the federal government.38. The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.39. One analyst suggests it is necessary to accept both tlie positive and negative aspects of innovativeproducts.40. The Consumer Electronics Show in recent years has begun to focus more on the practical value thanthe showiness of electronic devices.41. Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.42. Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to getcustomized products and services.43. The Consumer Technology Association is the sponsor of the annual Consumer Electronics Show.44. Many consumers wonder about the necessity of having their fitness monitored.45. The electronic industry is maturing even though no wonder products hit the market.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year heralded a new era for climate action.For the first time, the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below 2℃.This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations. Fewer than 4% of countries are responsible for morethan half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports,we reveal just how deep this injustice runs. Developed nations such as Australia, the United States, Canada, and European countries areessentially climate "free-riders": causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gasemissions, while incurring few of the costs such as climate change's impact on food and water. In otherwords, a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels, while at thesame time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.On the flip side, there are many "forced riders", who are suffering from the climate changeimpacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem. Many of the world's most climatevulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states, produce a very smallquantity of emissions. This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke, whilethe heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.The Paris agreement has been widely hailed as a positive step forward in addressing climate changefor all, although the details on addressing "climate justice" can be best described as sketchy.The goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2~C is commendable but the emissions-reduction pledges submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver onthis.More than $100 billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations toreduce emissions. However, the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction betweendeveloped and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions, effectively ignoring historicalemissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who isresponsible for their provision. Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raisingthem will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating theglobal disease from which they now suffer the most. There must urgently be a meaningful mobilisationof the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions whilehelping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high-emitting nations to decidewhether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants or pioneers.46. The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement becauseA. it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nationsB. it aims to keep temperature rise below 2℃ onlyC. it is beneficial to only fewer than 4% of countriesD. it burdens developed countries with the sole responsibility47. Why does the author call some developed countries climate "free-riders"?A. They needn't worry about the food and water they consume.B. They are better able to cope with the global climate change.C. They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.D. They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting "forced riders".48. Why does the author compare the "forced riders" to second-hand smokers?A. They have little responsibility for public health problems.B. They are vulnerable to unhealthy environmental conditions.C. They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for.D. They are unaware of the potential risks they are confronting.49. What does the author say about the $100 billion funding?A. It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions.B. There is no final agreement on where it will come from.C. There is no clarification of how the money will be spent.D. It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide.50. what urgent action must be taken to realise the Paris climate agreement?A. Encouraging high-emitting nations to take the initiative.B. Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts.C. Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus.D. Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon (霓虹灯)sign. Their risky behaviors--drinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes andskipping school--can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.But a new study finds that there's another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much dangerof experiencing the same psychiatric symptoms: teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleepand have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle.Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warnsthat it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in jeopardy.Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been dubbed the"invisible risk" group by the study's authors."In some ways they're at greater risk of falling through the cracks," says researcher VladimirCarli. "While most parents, teachers and clinicians would react to an adolescent using drugs or gettingdrunk, they may easily overlook teenagers who are engaging in inconspicuous behaviors."The study's authors surveyed 12,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessivealcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and truancy (逃学). Their aim was todetermine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.About 58% of the students demonstrated none or few of the risk behaviors. Some 13% scored highon all nine of the risk behaviors. And 29%, the "invisible risk" group, scored high on three inparticular: They spent five hours a day or more on electronic devices. They slept six hours a night orless. And they neglected "other healthy activities."The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms ofdepression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of thelow-risk group. But the invisible group wasn't far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of themexhibiting depression.The findings caught Carli off guard. "We were very surprised," he says. "The high-risk group andlow-risk group are obvious. But this third group was not only unexpected, it was so distinct and solarge--nearly one third of our sample--that it became a key finding of the study. "Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early-warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identification, supportand treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.51. What does the author mean by saying "Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide oftenwear their troubles like a neon sign" (Lines 1 - 2, Para.1 ) ?A. Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers.B. Teenagers' mental problems are getting more and more attention.C. Teenagers' mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.D. Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems.52. What is the finding of the new study?A. Teenagers' lifestyles have changed greatly in recent years.B. Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief.C. Teenagers experiencing psychological problems tend to use a lot of media.D. Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems.53. Why do the researchers refer to teens who use tons of media, don't get enough sleep and have asedentary lifestyle as the "invisible risk" group?A. Their behaviors can be an invisible threat to society.B. Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.C. Their behaviors do not tend towards mental problems.D. Their behaviors can be found in almost all teenagers on earth.54. What does the new study find about the invisible group?A. They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group.B. They suffer from depression without showing any symptoms.C. They do not often demonstrate risky behaviors as their peers.D. They do not attract the media attention the high-risk group does.55. What is the significance of Vladimir Carli's study?A. It offers a new treatment for psychological problems among teenagers.B. It provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.C. It may have found an ideal way to handle teenagers with behavioral problems.D. It sheds new light on how unhealthy behaviors trigger mental health problems.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. Y ou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.随着⽣活⽔平的提⾼，度假在中国⼈⽣活中的作⽤越来越重要。

2021年6月六级英语试题及答案（第一套）阅读试题及答案Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children’s literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University’s School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of children’s books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percentof 2,413 books in the total collection contained any 28 of non-white people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a minority culture usually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This causes concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about “difference” and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race 31 from as young as three months of age. The books we share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop children’s understanding of themselves and others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themselves and others. This can help develop understanding, acceptance and 32 of diversity.Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1,000 differentoccupations. “Australia is a multicultural society. The current33 promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks34 children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege,” Dr. Adam said.A) alienatingB) appreciationC) biasD) fraudE) housedF) investigatedG) overwhelming。

2021 年12 月大学英语六级考试真题（一）Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the short passage given below. In your essay, you are to comment on the phenomenon described in the passage and suggest measures toaddress the issue. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Young people spend a lot of time on the Internet. However, they are sometimes unable to recognize f alse information o n t he I nternet, j udge t he r eliability o f o nline i nformation s ources, o r tell real news stories from fake ones.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices m arked A), B), C), a nd D). T henmark t he c orresponding l etter o n AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) H e w as e njoying h is h oliday. C) He was busy writing his essays.B) He was recovering in hospital. D) He was fighting a throat infection.2.A) H e b roke h is w rist. C) He slipped on ice and fell.B) He lost his antibiotics. D) He was l aughed at by some girls.3.A) T urn t o h er f ather f or h elp. C) Ask the manufacturer for repairs.B) C all t he r epair s hop t o f ix i t. D) R eplace i t w ith a b rand-new o ne.4.A) H elp D avid r etrieve h is e ssays. C) Offer David some refreshments.B) I ntroduce D avid t o h er p arents. D) Accompany David to his home.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) S he i s a c ritic o f w orks o n m ilitary a ffairs. C) S he i s a r esearcher o f l iterary g enres.B) She i s a n a cclaimed hostess of B ook Talk. D) S he i s a h istorian o f m ilitary h istory.6.A) It is about the military history of Europe. C) I t i s h er f ifth b ook o f military h istory.B) I t i s s et i n t he 18th a nd 19th c enturies. D) It is a war novel set in the future.7.A) She visited soldiers’ wives and mothers.B)She conducted surveys of many soldiers.C)She met a large number of soldiers in person.D)She looked into the personal lives of soldiers.18.A) She doesn’t have much freedom for imagination.B)It is not easy to make her readers believe in her.C)It is difficult to attract young readers.D)She h as t o c ombine f act w ith f iction.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or f our questions. Both the passage and t he questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose t he best a nswer f rom the f our choices marked A), B), C) a nd D). T hen m ark t hecorresponding l etter o n Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) S anta C laus. C) Cocoa S eeds.B) A p olar b ear. D) A glass b ottle.10.A) T o a ttract c ustomer a ttention. C) To combat counterfeits.B) T o k eep u p w ith t he t imes. D) To promote its sales.11.A) It resembles a picture in the encyclopedia.B)It appears in the shape of a cocoa seed.C)It has the drink’s logo in the middle.D)It displays the image of Santa Claus.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just beard.12.A) I t o ften o ccurs a mong c ommuters. C) I t i mproves t heir m ood c onsiderably.B) It promotes mutual understanding. D) It takes a great deal of effort to sustain.13.A) S ocial a nxiety. C) Lack of social skills.B) Excessive caution. D) Preference for s olitude.14.A) People usually regard it as an unforgettable lesson.B)Human brains tend to dwell on negative events.C)Negative events often hurt people deeply.D)People generally resent being rejected.15.A) C ontagious. C) Unpredictable.B) T emporary. D) Measurable.Section CDirections: I n t his s ection, y ou w ill h ear t hree r ecordings o f l ectures o r t alks f ollowed b y t hree o r four questions.The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must c hoose t he b est a nswerfrom t he f our c hoices m arked A), B), C) a nd D). T hen mark t he c orresponding l etter o n AnswerSheet 1 w ith a s ingle l ine t hrough t he c entre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.216.A) It depends heavily on tourism. C) It is mainly based on agriculture.B) I t i s f lourishing i n f oreign t rade. D) It relies chiefly on mineral export.17.A) T obacco. C) Coffee.B) B ananas. D) Sugar.18.A) T hey t oil o n f arms. C) T hey l ive i n S panish-style h ouses.B) They live a poor life. D) They hire people to do housework.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) They will be more demanding of their next generation.B)They will end up lonely, dependent and dissatisfied.C)They will experience more setbacks than successes.D)They will find it difficult to get along with others.20.A) Failure to pay due attention to their behavior.B)Unwillingness to allow them to play with toys.C)Unwillingness to satisfy their wishes immediately.D)Failure to spend sufficient quality time with them.21.A) It will enable them to learn from mistakes.B)It will help them to handle disappointment.C)It will do much good to their mental health.D)It will build their ability to endure hardships.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A) F ailing t o m ake s ufficient p reparations. C) S aying t he w rong t hing a t t he w rong t ime.B) Looking away from the hiring manager. D) M aking a w rong j udgment o f t he i nterview.23.A) C omplaining a bout t heir p revious j ob. C) E xaggerating t heir a cademic b ackground.B) I nquiring a bout t heir s alary t o b e p aid. D) U nderstanding t heir p revious a chievements.24.A) Those who have both skill and experience.B)Those who get along well with colleagues.C)Those w ho t ake i nitiative i n t heir w ork.D)Those w ho a re l oyal t o t heir m anagers.25.A) Ability to shoulder new responsibilities. C) R eadiness t o w ork t o f lexible s chedules.B) Experience of performing multiple roles. D) S kills t o c ommunicate w ith c olleagues.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read3A)affectB)beyondC)concededD)correlationE)fosterF)henceforthG)loftyH)noteworthy A)plausiblyB)prematureC)reconciledD)s panE)specificallyF)spiralG)traitthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough t he c entre. Y ou m ay n ot u se a ny o f t he w ords i n t he bank more than o nce.If y ou t hink l ife i s w onderful a nd e xpect i t t o s tay t hat w ay, t hen y ou m ay h ave a g ood c hance of l iving t o a r ipe o ld age, a t l east t hat i s w hat t he f indings o f a n ew s tudy s uggest. T hat s tudy f ound that p articipants w ho r eported t he h ighest levels o f o ptimism w ere f ar m ore l ikely t o l ive t o a ge 85 or 26 . This w as c ompared t o t hose p articipants w ho r eported t he l owest l evels o f o ptimism. I t is 27 that the findings held even after the researchers considered factors that could 28 the l ink, i ncluding w hether p articipants h ad h ealth c onditions s uch a s h eart d isease o r c ancer, o r whether t hey e xperienced depression. T he r esults a dd t o a g rowing b ody o f e vidence t hat c ertain psychological f actors m ay predict a l onger l ife29 . F or e xample, p revious s tudies h ave f ound that more optimistic people have a l ower risk of developing chronic diseases, and a l ower r isk of30 death. H owever, t he n ew s tudy a ppears t o b e t he f irst t o 31 look at the relationship between optimism a nd l ongevity. T he r esearchers 32 that t he l ink f ound i n t he n ew s tudy w as not a s s trong when t hey f actored i n t he e ffects o f c ertain h ealth b ehaviors, i ncluding e xercise l evels, sleep h abits a nd d iet. T his s uggests that t hese b ehaviors m ay, a t l east i n p art, e xplain t he l ink. I n other w ords, o ptimism m ay 33 good habits that bolster health. It is also important to note that the s tudy f ound o nly a34 , a s r esearchers d id n ot p rove for c ertain t hat o ptimism l eads t o a longer life. However, if the findings are true, they suggest that optimism could serve as a psychological 35 that promotes health and a longer life.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains i nformation g iven i n o ne o f t he p aragraphs. I dentify t he p aragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.No One in Fashion Is Surprised That Burberry Burnt £ 28 Million of StockA)Last week,Burberry’s annual report reveal2e8d.6t m h i a l l t ion worth of stock was burnt last year. The news has left investors and consumers outraged but comes as little surprise to those in the fashion industry.4B)The p ractice of destroying unsold s tock, and e ven r olls of u nused f abric, is c ommonplace f or luxury labels. Becoming too widely available at a cheaper price through discount stores discourages full-price s ales. S ending p roducts f or r ecycling leaves t hem v ulnerable t o b eing s tolen a nd s old o n the black market. Jasmine Bina, CEO of brand strategy agency Concept Bureau explains, “Typically, luxury brands rally around exclusivity to protect their business interests, namely intellectual property a nd p reservation o f b rand equity (资产).” She s tated s he h ad h eard r umors o f s tock burning but not specific cases until this week.C)Another reason for the commonplace practice is a financial incentive for brands exporting goods to A merica. U nited States C ustoms s tates t hat i f i mported m erchandise i s u nused a nd d estroyed under their supervision, 99% of the duties, taxes or fees paid on the merchandise may be recovered. It i s i ncredibly d ifficult t o c alculate h ow m uch d ead s tock currently g oes t o w aste. W hile t here a re incentives to do it, there’s no legal obligation to report it.D)A s ource, w ho c hose t o r emain a nonymous, s hared h er e xperience w orking i n a B urberry s torein New York in October 2016. “My jobwas t o t oss i tems i n b oxes s o t hey c ould b e s ent t o b e b urned. It w as killing me i nside because a ll t hat l eather and f ur went t o w aste and a nimals had d ied for nothing. I couldn’t stay there any longer, their business practices threw me off the roof .” In May this year, Burberry announced it was taking fur out of its catwalk shows and reviewing its use elsewhere in the business. “Even though we asked the management, they refused to give us detailed answers a s t o w hy they w ould d o t his w ith t heir c ollection,” continued t he s ource, w ho l eft h er r ole within t wo w eeks. S he h as s ince worked w ith a nother h igh-profile, l uxury l abel.E)In a n o nline forum p ost, w hich asked i f i t ’s t rue t hat Louis V uitton b urned i ts b ags, A hmed Bouchfaa, who c laimed t o w ork f or L ouis V uitton, r esponded t hat t he b rand h olds s ales o f o ld s tock for s taff members twice a year. Items which have s till n ot s old a fter s everal s ales are destroyed. “Louis Vuitton doesn’t have public sales. They either sell a product at a given price or discontinue it. This is to make sure that everybody pays the same price for an item,” he says. He goes on to disclose the strict guidelines around the employee sales: “You may buy gifts for someone, but they track e ach i tem, a nd i f y our g ift e nds u p o nline t hey k n ow who t o a sk.”O ne i nvestor c ommenting on t he B urberry f igures w as r eportedly o utraged t hat t he u nsold g oods w ere not e ven o ffered t o investors before they were destroyed.F)Richemont, w ho o wns s everal l uxury b rands, h it t he h eadlines i n M ay f or t aking b ack £437 million o f w atches f or d estruction i n t he l ast t wo y ears t o a void m ark- down prices. It’s not just luxury b rands e ither. I n O ctober l ast y ear, a D anish T V s how e xposed H&M f or b urning 12 t onnes of u nsold c lothing since 2013. I n a s tatement, t he h igh s treet r etailer d efended i tself b y s aying t hat the b urnt c lothing h ad f ailed s afety tests: “The p roducts to w hich the media a re r eferring have b een tested i n e xternal l aboratories. T he t est r esults show t hat o ne o f t he p roducts i s m old i nfested a nd the other product contains levels of lead that are too high. Those products have rightly been stopped in accordance with our safety routines.”In March,a report revealedthat H&M w ere struggling with$ 4.3 b illion w orth o f u nsold s tock. T he b rand t old The New Y ork Times t hat t he p lan w as t o r educe prices to move the stock, arguably encouraging consumers to buy and throw away with little thought.5G)Over-production is perhaps the biggest concern for Burberry. While there has been much outrage at t he e litist connotation o f b urning g oods r ather t han m aking t hem a ffordable, e xecutives a t t he British f ashion h ouse a re n o d oubt struggling t o d efend h ow t hey m iscalculated p roduction. T he waste h as b een p ut d own t o b urning o ld c osmetic s tock t o make w ay f or t heir n ew b eauty r ange. However, while the value of destroyed stock is up from £ 26.9 million last year, it’s an even more significant increase from 2016’s figure of £ 18.8 million, highlighting t hat this is an ongoing issue.H)In S eptember 2016, B urberry s witched to a “see now, buy now”catwalk show format. The move was a switch to leverage on the coverage of their fashion week show to make stock available immediately t o c onsumers. This i s o pposed t o t he t raditional f ormat o f p resenting t o t he i ndustry, taking orders for production and becoming available in six months’ time. While Burberry announced “record-breaking” online reach and engagement, there has been little evidence to suggest that t he s trategy h as h ad a s ignificant e ffect o n s ales, particularly a s t he hype (炒作) slows a cross the season. In February they made adjustments to the format, dropping some catwalk items immediately a nd promising t hat o thers w ould l aunch i n t he c oming m onths.I)In a statement, Burberry denied that switching to “see now, buy now” has had an impact on was te.A Burberry spokesperson further said, “On the occasions when disposal of products is necessary, we d o s o i n a r esponsible m anner. W e a re a lways s eeking w ays t o r educe a nd r evalue o ur w aste. This i s a c ore p art o f o ur strategy a nd w e h ave f orged p artnerships a nd c ommitted s upport t o innovative organizations to help reach this goal.”J)One such partnership is with Elvis & Kresse, an accessories brand working with reclaimed materials. Co-founder Kresse Wesling said, “Late las t year we launched an ambitious five-year partnership with the Burberry Foundation. The main aim of this is to scale our leather rescue project, starting w ith o ff-cuts f rom t he p roduction o f Burberry l eather g oods. W e a re w orking t irelessly t o expand o ur s olutions a nd w ould l ove t o w elcome a nyone t o o ur workshop, t o c ome a nd s ee w hatwe are doing.” At the moment, the partnership only addresses waste at the production stage and not unsold goods.K)While these are honorable schemes, it makes it harder for Burberry to defend these latest figures. Fifteen y ears a go, Burberry w as a t c risis p oint a s t heir s ignature c heck p attern w as w idely i mitated by cheap, imitation brands. It deterred luxury consumers who found their expensive clothing more closely associated with working-class youth culture than a prestigious heritage fashion house. In the year 2004, at the height of overexposure of the Burberry check, the brand’s turnover was £715.5 million. U nder C hristopher B ailey a s c reative d irector, t hey t urned t he b rand a round a nd t his p ast year revenue hit £ 2.73 billion.L)Bina believes that brands need to readdress their exclusivity tactic. “Exclusivity is starting to be challenged,” she says. “I think that goes hand in hand with how luxury itself is being challen ged. Access t o f ashion, a nd t he b rand w ho p olice i t, a re b ecoming l ess a nd l ess r elevant. T hings l ike health, enlightenment, and social and environmental responsibility are the new luxuries. These all come from within, not without. That’s the challenge that traditional luxury brands will have to6contend with in the mid-to-long-term future.”36.Burberry’s executives are trying hard to attribute their practice of destroying old products tomiscalculated production.37.Selling p roducts a t a d iscount w ill d o g reater h arm t o l uxury b rands t han d estroying t hem.38.Imitated B urberry p roducts d iscouraged l uxury c onsumers f rom b uying i ts g enuine p roducts.39.Staff m embers o f a l uxury b rand m ay b uy i ts o ld s tock a t c heaper p rices, b ut t hey a re n ot a llowed to resell them.40.In future traditional luxury brands will have to adapt their business strategies to the changing concepts of luxury.41.One luxury brand employee quit her job because she simply couldn’t bear to see the destruction of unsold products.42.Destroying o ld s tock i s a p ractice n ot j ust o f l uxury b rands b ut o f l ess p restigious f ashion b rands.43.Burberry is working with a partner to make full use of leather materials to reduce waste.44.Burberry’s plan to destroy its unsold products worth mill ions of dollars aroused publicindignation.45.Burberry’s change of marketing strategy to make a product available as soon as consumers seeit on the fashion show did not turn out to be as effective as expected.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide onthe best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Social m edia i s a bsolutely e verywhere. B illions o f p eople u se s ocial m edia o n a d aily b asis t o create, share, and exchange ideas, messages, and information. Both individuals and businesses post regularly t o e ngage a nd i nteract w ith people f rom a round t he w orld. I t i s a p owerful c ommunication medium that simultaneously provides immediate, frequent, permanent, and wide-reaching information across the g lobe.People p ost t heir l ives o n s ocial m edia f or t he w orld t o s ee. F acebook, T witter, L inkedIn, a nd countless o ther social c hannels p rovide a q uick a nd s imple w ay t o glimpse into a job candidate’s personal l ife—both the p ositive a nd n egative s ides o f i t. S ocial m edia s creening i s t empting t o u se as p art o f t he h iring p rocess, b ut s hould employers make u se o f i t w hen r esearching a p otential candidate’s background?Incorporating t he u se o f s ocial m edia t o s creen j ob c andidates i s n ot a n u ncommon p ractice. A2018 survey found that almost 70% of employers use social media to screen candidates before hiring them. But there are consequences and potential legal risks involved too. When done inappropriately, social media screening can be considered unethical or even illegal.Social media screening is essentially scrutinising a job candidate’s private life. It can reveal information about protected characteristics like age, race, nationality, disability, gender, religion, etc., and that could bias a hiring decision. Pictures or comments on a private page that are taken out of context could ruin a perfectly good candidate’s chances of getting hired. This process could7potentially g ive a n u nfair a dvantage t o o ne c andidate o ver a nother. I t c reates a n u nequal p laying field and potentially provides hiring managers with information that can impact their hiring decision in a negative w ay.It’s hard to ignore social media as a screening tool. While there are things that you shouldn’t see, t here a re s ome t hings t hat c an b e l awfully c onsidered—making i t a v aluable s ource o f r elevant information too. Using social media screening appropriately can help ensure that you don’t hire a toxic employee who will cost you money or stain your company’s reputation. Consider the lawful side o f t his p rocess a nd y ou may b e a ble t o h ire t he b est e mployee e ver. T here i s a d elicate b alance.Screening job candidates on social media must be done professionally and r esponsibly. Companies should stipulate that they will never ask for passwords, be consistent, document decisions, c onsider t he s ource u sed a nd b e aware t hat o ther l aws m ay a pply. I n l ight o f t his i t i s probably b est t o l ook l ater i n t he p rocess a nd a sk h uman r esources f or help i n n avigating i t. S ocial media is here to stay. But before using social media to screen job candidates, consulting with management a nd l egal t eams b eforehand i s e ssential i n o rder t o c omply w ith a ll l aws.46.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A)The advantage of using social media in screening job candidates.B)The potentially invasive nature of social media in everyday life.C)Whether the benefits of social media outweigh the drawbacks.D)Whether social media should be used to screen job candidates.47.What might happen when social media is used to screen job candidates?A)Moral o r l egal i ssues m ight a rise. C) S ensational i nformation m ight s urface.B)Company reputation might suffer. D) H iring d ecisions might b e c omplicated.48.When could online personal information be detrimental to candidates?A)When i t i s s eparated f rom c ontext. C) W hen i t i s m agnified t o a r uinous d egree.B)When i t i s s crutinised b y a n e mployer. D) When it is revealed to the human resources.49.How can employers use social media information to their advantage while avoiding unnecessary risks?A)By t ipping t he d elicate b alance. C) B y k eeping p ersonal i nformation o n r ecord.B)By u sing i t i n a l egitimate w ay. D) By separating relevant from irrelevant d ata.50.What d oes t he a uthor s uggest d oing b efore s creening j ob c andidates o n s ocial m edia?A)Hiring professionals to navigate the whole p rocess.B)Anticipating potential risks involved in the process.C)Seeking advice from management and legal experts.D)Stipulating a set of rules for asking specific questions.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the flowing passage.In r ecent y ears, t he f ood i ndustry h as i ncreased i ts u se o f l abels. W hether t he l abels s ay “non- GMO ( 非转基因的)” or “no sugar”, or “zero carbohydrates”, consumers are increasingly8demanding more information about what’s in their food. One report found that 39 percent of consumers w ould switch f rom t he b rands t hey c urrently b uy t o o thers t hat p rovide c learer, m ore accurate product information. Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand, and they’re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage o e v r t he competition, and bolstering profits.This strategy makes intuitive sense. If consumers say they want transparency, tell them exactly what i s i n y our product. T hat i s s imply s upplying a c ertain d emand. B ut t he m arketing s trategy i n response t o t his c onsumer d emand h as gone b eyond a rticulating w hat i s i n a p roduct, t o l abeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling tend that is detrimental both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies t hem.For e xample, H unt’s put a “non-GMO” label on its canned crushed tomatoes afew y ears a go—despite the f act t hat a t t he t ime t here w as n o s uch t hing a s a G MO t omato o n t he m arket. S ome d airy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food.While c reating l abels t hat p lay o n c onsumer f ears a nd m isconceptions a bout t heir f ood m ay give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle, in the l ong t erm t his s trategy w ill h ave just t he o pposite e ffect: b y i njecting f ear i nto t he d iscourse about our food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business.Eventually, it becomes a question in consumers’ minds: Were these foods ever safe? By purchasing a nd c onsuming t hese t ypes o f p roducts, h ave I a lready d one s ome k ind o f h arm t o m y family or the planet? For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. And this isn’t just supposition. A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a s tigma a round f oods e ven w hen there i s n o s cientific e vidence t hat t hey c ause h arm.It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In a ddition t o t he l ikely n egative l ong-term i mpact o n s ales, t his v erbal t rick s ends a m essage t hat innovations i n f arming and f ood p rocessing a re u nwelcome, e ventually l eading t o l ess e fficiency, fewer c hoices f or c onsumers, a nd ultimately, m ore c ostly f ood p roducts. I f w e a llow t his k ind o f labeling to continue, we will all lose.51.What trend has been observed in a report?A)Food manufacturers’ rising awareness of product safety.B)Food manufacturers’ changing strategies to bolster profits.C)Consumers’ growing demand for eye-catching food labels.D)Consumers’ increasing desire for clear product information.52.What does the author say is manufacturers’ new marketing strategy?A)Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products.B)Articulating the unique nutritional value of their products.C)Supplying detailed information of their products.D)Designing transparent labels for their products.53.What point does the author make about non-GMO labels?9A)They are increasingly attracting customer s’attention.B)They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers.C)They should be used more for vegetables and milk.D)They cause anxiety about food among consumers.54.What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers?A)Cause changes in their marketing strategies.B)Help remove stigma around their products.C)Erode consumer trust and reduce sales.D)Decrease support from food scientists.55.What does the author suggest food manufacturers do?A)Take measures to lower the cost of food products.B)Exercise caution about the use of absence claims.C)Welcome new innovations in food processing.D)Promote efficiency and increase food variety.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For t his part, y ou a re a llowed 30 m inutes t o t ranslate a p assage f rom C hinese i ntoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet .2中国共产党第一次全国代表大会会址位于上海兴业路76 号，是一栋典型的上海式住宅，建于1920 年秋。

2021 年12 月大学英语六级考试真题（一）Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the short passage given below. In your essay, you are to comment on the phenomenon described in the passage and suggest measures toaddress the issue. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Young people spend a lot of time on the Internet. However, they are sometimes unable to recognize f alse information o n t he I nternet, j udge t he r eliability o f o nline i nformation s ources, o r tell real news stories from fake ones.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices m arked A), B), C), a nd D). T henmark t he c orresponding l etter o n AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) H e w as e njoying h is h oliday. C) He was busy writing his essays.B) He was recovering in hospital. D) He was fighting a throat infection.2.A) H e b roke h is w rist. C) He slipped on ice and fell.B) He lost his antibiotics. D) He was l aughed at by some girls.3.A) T urn t o h er f ather f or h elp. C) Ask the manufacturer for repairs.B) C all t he r epair s hop t o f ix i t. D) R eplace i t w ith a b rand-new o ne.4.A) H elp D avid r etrieve h is e ssays. C) Offer David some refreshments.B) I ntroduce D avid t o h er p arents. D) Accompany David to his home.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) S he i s a c ritic o f w orks o n m ilitary a ffairs. C) S he i s a r esearcher o f l iterary g enres.B) She i s a n a cclaimed hostess of B ook Talk. D) S he i s a h istorian o f m ilitary h istory.6.A) It is about the military history of Europe. C) I t i s h er f ifth b ook o f military h istory.B) I t i s s et i n t he 18th a nd 19th c enturies. D) It is a war novel set in the future.7.A) She visited soldiers’ wives and mothers.B)She conducted surveys of many soldiers.C)She met a large number of soldiers in person.D)She looked into the personal lives of soldiers.18.A) She doesn’t have much freedom for imagination.B)It is not easy to make her readers believe in her.C)It is difficult to attract young readers.D)She h as t o c ombine f act w ith f iction.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or f our questions. Both the passage and t he questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose t he best a nswer f rom the f our choices marked A), B), C) a nd D). T hen m ark t hecorresponding l etter o n Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) S anta C laus. C) Cocoa S eeds.B) A p olar b ear. D) A glass b ottle.10.A) T o a ttract c ustomer a ttention. C) To combat counterfeits.B) T o k eep u p w ith t he t imes. D) To promote its sales.11.A) It resembles a picture in the encyclopedia.B)It appears in the shape of a cocoa seed.C)It has the drink’s logo in the middle.D)It displays the image of Santa Claus.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just beard.12.A) I t o ften o ccurs a mong c ommuters. C) I t i mproves t heir m ood c onsiderably.B) It promotes mutual understanding. D) It takes a great deal of effort to sustain.13.A) S ocial a nxiety. C) Lack of social skills.B) Excessive caution. D) Preference for s olitude.14.A) People usually regard it as an unforgettable lesson.B)Human brains tend to dwell on negative events.C)Negative events often hurt people deeply.D)People generally resent being rejected.15.A) C ontagious. C) Unpredictable.B) T emporary. D) Measurable.Section CDirections: I n t his s ection, y ou w ill h ear t hree r ecordings o f l ectures o r t alks f ollowed b y t hree o r four questions.The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must c hoose t he b est a nswerfrom t he f our c hoices m arked A), B), C) a nd D). T hen mark t he c orresponding l etter o n AnswerSheet 1 w ith a s ingle l ine t hrough t he c entre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.216.A) It depends heavily on tourism. C) It is mainly based on agriculture.B) I t i s f lourishing i n f oreign t rade. D) It relies chiefly on mineral export.17.A) T obacco. C) Coffee.B) B ananas. D) Sugar.18.A) T hey t oil o n f arms. C) T hey l ive i n S panish-style h ouses.B) They live a poor life. D) They hire people to do housework.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) They will be more demanding of their next generation.B)They will end up lonely, dependent and dissatisfied.C)They will experience more setbacks than successes.D)They will find it difficult to get along with others.20.A) Failure to pay due attention to their behavior.B)Unwillingness to allow them to play with toys.C)Unwillingness to satisfy their wishes immediately.D)Failure to spend sufficient quality time with them.21.A) It will enable them to learn from mistakes.B)It will help them to handle disappointment.C)It will do much good to their mental health.D)It will build their ability to endure hardships.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A) F ailing t o m ake s ufficient p reparations. C) S aying t he w rong t hing a t t he w rong t ime.B) Looking away from the hiring manager. D) M aking a w rong j udgment o f t he i nterview.23.A) C omplaining a bout t heir p revious j ob. C) E xaggerating t heir a cademic b ackground.B) I nquiring a bout t heir s alary t o b e p aid. D) U nderstanding t heir p revious a chievements.24.A) Those who have both skill and experience.B)Those who get along well with colleagues.C)Those w ho t ake i nitiative i n t heir w ork.D)Those w ho a re l oyal t o t heir m anagers.25.A) Ability to shoulder new responsibilities. C) R eadiness t o w ork t o f lexible s chedules.B) Experience of performing multiple roles. D) S kills t o c ommunicate w ith c olleagues.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read3A)affectB)beyondC)concededD)correlationE)fosterF)henceforthG)loftyH)noteworthy A)plausiblyB)prematureC)reconciledD)s panE)specificallyF)spiralG)traitthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough t he c entre. Y ou m ay n ot u se a ny o f t he w ords i n t he bank more than o nce.If y ou t hink l ife i s w onderful a nd e xpect i t t o s tay t hat w ay, t hen y ou m ay h ave a g ood c hance of l iving t o a r ipe o ld age, a t l east t hat i s w hat t he f indings o f a n ew s tudy s uggest. T hat s tudy f ound that p articipants w ho r eported t he h ighest levels o f o ptimism w ere f ar m ore l ikely t o l ive t o a ge 85 or 26 . This w as c ompared t o t hose p articipants w ho r eported t he l owest l evels o f o ptimism. I t is 27 that the findings held even after the researchers considered factors that could 28 the l ink, i ncluding w hether p articipants h ad h ealth c onditions s uch a s h eart d isease o r c ancer, o r whether t hey e xperienced depression. T he r esults a dd t o a g rowing b ody o f e vidence t hat c ertain psychological f actors m ay predict a l onger l ife29 . F or e xample, p revious s tudies h ave f ound that more optimistic people have a l ower risk of developing chronic diseases, and a l ower r isk of30 death. H owever, t he n ew s tudy a ppears t o b e t he f irst t o 31 look at the relationship between optimism a nd l ongevity. T he r esearchers 32 that t he l ink f ound i n t he n ew s tudy w as not a s s trong when t hey f actored i n t he e ffects o f c ertain h ealth b ehaviors, i ncluding e xercise l evels, sleep h abits a nd d iet. T his s uggests that t hese b ehaviors m ay, a t l east i n p art, e xplain t he l ink. I n other w ords, o ptimism m ay 33 good habits that bolster health. It is also important to note that the s tudy f ound o nly a34 , a s r esearchers d id n ot p rove for c ertain t hat o ptimism l eads t o a longer life. However, if the findings are true, they suggest that optimism could serve as a psychological 35 that promotes health and a longer life.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains i nformation g iven i n o ne o f t he p aragraphs. I dentify t he p aragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.No One in Fashion Is Surprised That Burberry Burnt £ 28 Million of StockA)Last week,Burberry’s annual report reveal2e8d.6t m h i a l l t ion worth of stock was burnt last year. The news has left investors and consumers outraged but comes as little surprise to those in the fashion industry.4B)The p ractice of destroying unsold s tock, and e ven r olls of u nused f abric, is c ommonplace f or luxury labels. Becoming too widely available at a cheaper price through discount stores discourages full-price s ales. S ending p roducts f or r ecycling leaves t hem v ulnerable t o b eing s tolen a nd s old o n the black market. Jasmine Bina, CEO of brand strategy agency Concept Bureau explains, “Typically, luxury brands rally around exclusivity to protect their business interests, namely intellectual property a nd p reservation o f b rand equity (资产).” She s tated s he h ad h eard r umors o f s tock burning but not specific cases until this week.C)Another reason for the commonplace practice is a financial incentive for brands exporting goods to A merica. U nited States C ustoms s tates t hat i f i mported m erchandise i s u nused a nd d estroyed under their supervision, 99% of the duties, taxes or fees paid on the merchandise may be recovered. It i s i ncredibly d ifficult t o c alculate h ow m uch d ead s tock currently g oes t o w aste. W hile t here a re incentives to do it, there’s no legal obligation to report it.D)A s ource, w ho c hose t o r emain a nonymous, s hared h er e xperience w orking i n a B urberry s torein New York in October 2016. “My jobwas t o t oss i tems i n b oxes s o t hey c ould b e s ent t o b e b urned. It w as killing me i nside because a ll t hat l eather and f ur went t o w aste and a nimals had d ied for nothing. I couldn’t stay there any longer, their business practices threw me off the roof .” In May this year, Burberry announced it was taking fur out of its catwalk shows and reviewing its use elsewhere in the business. “Even though we asked the management, they refused to give us detailed answers a s t o w hy they w ould d o t his w ith t heir c ollection,” continued t he s ource, w ho l eft h er r ole within t wo w eeks. S he h as s ince worked w ith a nother h igh-profile, l uxury l abel.E)In a n o nline forum p ost, w hich asked i f i t ’s t rue t hat Louis V uitton b urned i ts b ags, A hmed Bouchfaa, who c laimed t o w ork f or L ouis V uitton, r esponded t hat t he b rand h olds s ales o f o ld s tock for s taff members twice a year. Items which have s till n ot s old a fter s everal s ales are destroyed. “Louis Vuitton doesn’t have public sales. They either sell a product at a given price or discontinue it. This is to make sure that everybody pays the same price for an item,” he says. He goes on to disclose the strict guidelines around the employee sales: “You may buy gifts for someone, but they track e ach i tem, a nd i f y our g ift e nds u p o nline t hey k n ow who t o a sk.”O ne i nvestor c ommenting on t he B urberry f igures w as r eportedly o utraged t hat t he u nsold g oods w ere not e ven o ffered t o investors before they were destroyed.F)Richemont, w ho o wns s everal l uxury b rands, h it t he h eadlines i n M ay f or t aking b ack £437 million o f w atches f or d estruction i n t he l ast t wo y ears t o a void m ark- down prices. It’s not just luxury b rands e ither. I n O ctober l ast y ear, a D anish T V s how e xposed H&M f or b urning 12 t onnes of u nsold c lothing since 2013. I n a s tatement, t he h igh s treet r etailer d efended i tself b y s aying t hat the b urnt c lothing h ad f ailed s afety tests: “The p roducts to w hich the media a re r eferring have b een tested i n e xternal l aboratories. T he t est r esults show t hat o ne o f t he p roducts i s m old i nfested a nd the other product contains levels of lead that are too high. Those products have rightly been stopped in accordance with our safety routines.”In March,a report revealedthat H&M w ere struggling with$ 4.3 b illion w orth o f u nsold s tock. T he b rand t old The New Y ork Times t hat t he p lan w as t o r educe prices to move the stock, arguably encouraging consumers to buy and throw away with little thought.5G)Over-production is perhaps the biggest concern for Burberry. While there has been much outrage at t he e litist connotation o f b urning g oods r ather t han m aking t hem a ffordable, e xecutives a t t he British f ashion h ouse a re n o d oubt struggling t o d efend h ow t hey m iscalculated p roduction. T he waste h as b een p ut d own t o b urning o ld c osmetic s tock t o make w ay f or t heir n ew b eauty r ange. However, while the value of destroyed stock is up from £ 26.9 million last year, it’s an even more significant increase from 2016’s figure of £ 18.8 million, highlighting t hat this is an ongoing issue.H)In S eptember 2016, B urberry s witched to a “see now, buy now”catwalk show format. The move was a switch to leverage on the coverage of their fashion week show to make stock available immediately t o c onsumers. This i s o pposed t o t he t raditional f ormat o f p resenting t o t he i ndustry, taking orders for production and becoming available in six months’ time. While Burberry announced “record-breaking” online reach and engagement, there has been little evidence to suggest that t he s trategy h as h ad a s ignificant e ffect o n s ales, particularly a s t he hype (炒作) slows a cross the season. In February they made adjustments to the format, dropping some catwalk items immediately a nd promising t hat o thers w ould l aunch i n t he c oming m onths.I)In a statement, Burberry denied that switching to “see now, buy now” has had an impact on was te.A Burberry spokesperson further said, “On the occasions when disposal of products is necessary, we d o s o i n a r esponsible m anner. W e a re a lways s eeking w ays t o r educe a nd r evalue o ur w aste. This i s a c ore p art o f o ur strategy a nd w e h ave f orged p artnerships a nd c ommitted s upport t o innovative organizations to help reach this goal.”J)One such partnership is with Elvis & Kresse, an accessories brand working with reclaimed materials. Co-founder Kresse Wesling said, “Late las t year we launched an ambitious five-year partnership with the Burberry Foundation. The main aim of this is to scale our leather rescue project, starting w ith o ff-cuts f rom t he p roduction o f Burberry l eather g oods. W e a re w orking t irelessly t o expand o ur s olutions a nd w ould l ove t o w elcome a nyone t o o ur workshop, t o c ome a nd s ee w hatwe are doing.” At the moment, the partnership only addresses waste at the production stage and not unsold goods.K)While these are honorable schemes, it makes it harder for Burberry to defend these latest figures. Fifteen y ears a go, Burberry w as a t c risis p oint a s t heir s ignature c heck p attern w as w idely i mitated by cheap, imitation brands. It deterred luxury consumers who found their expensive clothing more closely associated with working-class youth culture than a prestigious heritage fashion house. In the year 2004, at the height of overexposure of the Burberry check, the brand’s turnover was £715.5 million. U nder C hristopher B ailey a s c reative d irector, t hey t urned t he b rand a round a nd t his p ast year revenue hit £ 2.73 billion.L)Bina believes that brands need to readdress their exclusivity tactic. “Exclusivity is starting to be challenged,” she says. “I think that goes hand in hand with how luxury itself is being challen ged. Access t o f ashion, a nd t he b rand w ho p olice i t, a re b ecoming l ess a nd l ess r elevant. T hings l ike health, enlightenment, and social and environmental responsibility are the new luxuries. These all come from within, not without. That’s the challenge that traditional luxury brands will have to6contend with in the mid-to-long-term future.”36.Burberry’s executives are trying hard to attribute their practice of destroying old products tomiscalculated production.37.Selling p roducts a t a d iscount w ill d o g reater h arm t o l uxury b rands t han d estroying t hem.38.Imitated B urberry p roducts d iscouraged l uxury c onsumers f rom b uying i ts g enuine p roducts.39.Staff m embers o f a l uxury b rand m ay b uy i ts o ld s tock a t c heaper p rices, b ut t hey a re n ot a llowed to resell them.40.In future traditional luxury brands will have to adapt their business strategies to the changing concepts of luxury.41.One luxury brand employee quit her job because she simply couldn’t bear to see the destruction of unsold products.42.Destroying o ld s tock i s a p ractice n ot j ust o f l uxury b rands b ut o f l ess p restigious f ashion b rands.43.Burberry is working with a partner to make full use of leather materials to reduce waste.44.Burberry’s plan to destroy its unsold products worth mill ions of dollars aroused publicindignation.45.Burberry’s change of marketing strategy to make a product available as soon as consumers seeit on the fashion show did not turn out to be as effective as expected.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide onthe best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Social m edia i s a bsolutely e verywhere. B illions o f p eople u se s ocial m edia o n a d aily b asis t o create, share, and exchange ideas, messages, and information. Both individuals and businesses post regularly t o e ngage a nd i nteract w ith people f rom a round t he w orld. I t i s a p owerful c ommunication medium that simultaneously provides immediate, frequent, permanent, and wide-reaching information across the g lobe.People p ost t heir l ives o n s ocial m edia f or t he w orld t o s ee. F acebook, T witter, L inkedIn, a nd countless o ther social c hannels p rovide a q uick a nd s imple w ay t o glimpse into a job candidate’s personal l ife—both the p ositive a nd n egative s ides o f i t. S ocial m edia s creening i s t empting t o u se as p art o f t he h iring p rocess, b ut s hould employers make u se o f i t w hen r esearching a p otential candidate’s background?Incorporating t he u se o f s ocial m edia t o s creen j ob c andidates i s n ot a n u ncommon p ractice. A2018 survey found that almost 70% of employers use social media to screen candidates before hiring them. But there are consequences and potential legal risks involved too. When done inappropriately, social media screening can be considered unethical or even illegal.Social media screening is essentially scrutinising a job candidate’s private life. It can reveal information about protected characteristics like age, race, nationality, disability, gender, religion, etc., and that could bias a hiring decision. Pictures or comments on a private page that are taken out of context could ruin a perfectly good candidate’s chances of getting hired. This process could7potentially g ive a n u nfair a dvantage t o o ne c andidate o ver a nother. I t c reates a n u nequal p laying field and potentially provides hiring managers with information that can impact their hiring decision in a negative w ay.It’s hard to ignore social media as a screening tool. While there are things that you shouldn’t see, t here a re s ome t hings t hat c an b e l awfully c onsidered—making i t a v aluable s ource o f r elevant information too. Using social media screening appropriately can help ensure that you don’t hire a toxic employee who will cost you money or stain your company’s reputation. Consider the lawful side o f t his p rocess a nd y ou may b e a ble t o h ire t he b est e mployee e ver. T here i s a d elicate b alance.Screening job candidates on social media must be done professionally and r esponsibly. Companies should stipulate that they will never ask for passwords, be consistent, document decisions, c onsider t he s ource u sed a nd b e aware t hat o ther l aws m ay a pply. I n l ight o f t his i t i s probably b est t o l ook l ater i n t he p rocess a nd a sk h uman r esources f or help i n n avigating i t. S ocial media is here to stay. But before using social media to screen job candidates, consulting with management a nd l egal t eams b eforehand i s e ssential i n o rder t o c omply w ith a ll l aws.46.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A)The advantage of using social media in screening job candidates.B)The potentially invasive nature of social media in everyday life.C)Whether the benefits of social media outweigh the drawbacks.D)Whether social media should be used to screen job candidates.47.What might happen when social media is used to screen job candidates?A)Moral o r l egal i ssues m ight a rise. C) S ensational i nformation m ight s urface.B)Company reputation might suffer. D) H iring d ecisions might b e c omplicated.48.When could online personal information be detrimental to candidates?A)When i t i s s eparated f rom c ontext. C) W hen i t i s m agnified t o a r uinous d egree.B)When i t i s s crutinised b y a n e mployer. D) When it is revealed to the human resources.49.How can employers use social media information to their advantage while avoiding unnecessary risks?A)By t ipping t he d elicate b alance. C) B y k eeping p ersonal i nformation o n r ecord.B)By u sing i t i n a l egitimate w ay. D) By separating relevant from irrelevant d ata.50.What d oes t he a uthor s uggest d oing b efore s creening j ob c andidates o n s ocial m edia?A)Hiring professionals to navigate the whole p rocess.B)Anticipating potential risks involved in the process.C)Seeking advice from management and legal experts.D)Stipulating a set of rules for asking specific questions.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the flowing passage.In r ecent y ears, t he f ood i ndustry h as i ncreased i ts u se o f l abels. W hether t he l abels s ay “non- GMO ( 非转基因的)” or “no sugar”, or “zero carbohydrates”, consumers are increasingly8demanding more information about what’s in their food. One report found that 39 percent of consumers w ould switch f rom t he b rands t hey c urrently b uy t o o thers t hat p rovide c learer, m ore accurate product information. Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand, and they’re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage o e v r t he competition, and bolstering profits.This strategy makes intuitive sense. If consumers say they want transparency, tell them exactly what i s i n y our product. T hat i s s imply s upplying a c ertain d emand. B ut t he m arketing s trategy i n response t o t his c onsumer d emand h as gone b eyond a rticulating w hat i s i n a p roduct, t o l abeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling tend that is detrimental both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies t hem.For e xample, H unt’s put a “non-GMO” label on its canned crushed tomatoes afew y ears a go—despite the f act t hat a t t he t ime t here w as n o s uch t hing a s a G MO t omato o n t he m arket. S ome d airy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food.While c reating l abels t hat p lay o n c onsumer f ears a nd m isconceptions a bout t heir f ood m ay give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle, in the l ong t erm t his s trategy w ill h ave just t he o pposite e ffect: b y i njecting f ear i nto t he d iscourse about our food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business.Eventually, it becomes a question in consumers’ minds: Were these foods ever safe? By purchasing a nd c onsuming t hese t ypes o f p roducts, h ave I a lready d one s ome k ind o f h arm t o m y family or the planet? For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. And this isn’t just supposition. A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a s tigma a round f oods e ven w hen there i s n o s cientific e vidence t hat t hey c ause h arm.It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In a ddition t o t he l ikely n egative l ong-term i mpact o n s ales, t his v erbal t rick s ends a m essage t hat innovations i n f arming and f ood p rocessing a re u nwelcome, e ventually l eading t o l ess e fficiency, fewer c hoices f or c onsumers, a nd ultimately, m ore c ostly f ood p roducts. I f w e a llow t his k ind o f labeling to continue, we will all lose.51.What trend has been observed in a report?A)Food manufacturers’ rising awareness of product safety.B)Food manufacturers’ changing strategies to bolster profits.C)Consumers’ growing demand for eye-catching food labels.D)Consumers’ increasing desire for clear product information.52.What does the author say is manufacturers’ new marketing strategy?A)Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products.B)Articulating the unique nutritional value of their products.C)Supplying detailed information of their products.D)Designing transparent labels for their products.53.What point does the author make about non-GMO labels?9A)They are increasingly attracting customer s’attention.B)They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers.C)They should be used more for vegetables and milk.D)They cause anxiety about food among consumers.54.What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers?A)Cause changes in their marketing strategies.B)Help remove stigma around their products.C)Erode consumer trust and reduce sales.D)Decrease support from food scientists.55.What does the author suggest food manufacturers do?A)Take measures to lower the cost of food products.B)Exercise caution about the use of absence claims.C)Welcome new innovations in food processing.D)Promote efficiency and increase food variety.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For t his part, y ou a re a llowed 30 m inutes t o t ranslate a p assage f rom C hinese i ntoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet .2中国共产党第一次全国代表大会会址位于上海兴业路76 号，是一栋典型的上海式住宅，建于1920 年秋。

2022年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “Nowadays more and more people choose to live an environmentally friendl y lifestyle.” Youcan make comments, cite examples, or use your personal experiences to develop your essay.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. He is a staff writer. B. He is an adventurer.C. He is an author of fiction.D. He is a father of four kids.2. A. They are interested in fairy tales. B. They are curious and autonomous.C. They are a headache to their parents.D. They are ignorant of politics.3. A. He offers them ample editorial guidance. B. He recommends model essays to them.C. He gives them encouragement.D. He teaches them proofreading.4. A. Her tastes in books changed.B. She realized the power of reading.C. Her reading opened her eyes to the world.D. She began to perceive the world differently.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. She is a website designer. B. She is a university graduate.C. She is a main street store owner.D. She is a successful entrepreneur.6. A. They were repeatedly rejected by shops. B. They were popular with her classmates.C. They showed her natural talent.D. They were mostly failures.7. A. She had a strong interest in doing it. B. She did not like ready-made clothes.C. She could not find clothes of her size.D. She found clothes in shops unaffordable.8. A. Study fashion design at college. B. Improve her marketing strategy.C. Add designs for women.D. Expand her business.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. Utilizing artificial intelligence to find a powerful new antibiotic.B. Discovering bacteria which are resistant to all known antibiotics.C. Identifying bacterial strains that are most harmful to human health.D. Removing a deadly strain of bacteria in humans with a new antibiotic.10. A. Ever increasing strains of bacteria. B. Bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics.C. The similarity between known drugs.D. The growing threat of bacteria to health.11. A. Dispense with experimental testing. B. Predict whether compounds are toxic.C. Foresee human reaction to antibiotics.D. Combat bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A. By theorization. B. By generalization.C. By observation.D. By conversation.13. A. They are easy to detect. B. They are well intended.C. They are groundless.D. They are harmless.14. A. Mostly by chance. B. Basically objective.C. Subject to their mental alertness.D. Dependent on their analytical ability.15. A. Looking the speaker in the eye. B. Listening carefully to the speaker.C. Measuring the speaker’s breathing rate.D. Focusing on the speaker’s facial expressions. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. They don’t treat patients with due respect.B. They witness a lot of doctor-patient conflicts.C. They have to deal with social workers’ strikes.D. They don’t care how much patients have to pay.17. A. Appear submissive and grateful to doctors and nurses.B. Express a strong desire to be consulted or informed.C. Refrain from saying anything that sounds negative.D. Note down the names of all the doctors and nurses.18. A. Cooperative. B. Appreciative.C. Passive.D. Responsive.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. Its members work together despite risks of failure.B. It prioritizes recruiting young energetic members.C. Its members stay in touch even after it breaks up.D. It grows more and more mature professionally.20. A. Their differences are likely to impact productivity.B. Their similarity is conducive to future collaboration.C. Their connections strengthen with the passage of time.D. Their mutual understanding stems from a common goal.21. A. It is characterized by diversity. B. Its goals are quite inconsistent.C. Its members have similar backgrounds.D. It is connected by a unique mechanism.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A. Putting aside twenty percent of one’s earnings.B. Spending in anticipation of becoming wealthy.C. Living off a small proportion of one’s income.D. Saving as much as one can possibly manage.23. A. It empowers them to cope with irrational emotions.B. It will guarantee the profits from their investments.C. It will turn them into successful financial planners.D. It enables them to focus on long term investments.24. A. They count on others to take the responsibility.B. They change their investment strategy in time.C. They think they themselves are to blame.D. They persist rather than get discouraged.25. A. They do not resist novel lifestyles.B. They do not try to keep up with others.C. They do not care what they have acquired.D. They do not pressure themselves to get rich.Part III R eading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The city of Bath was founded by the Romans almost two thousand years ago. It has been famous for its 26 pleasing architecture and healing thermal springs ever since.There are three hot springs in Bath; one is the King’s Spring, upon which the Roman Baths and a temple were 27 . The other two are the Cross Spring and the Hetling Spring, close to each other in Hot Bath Street. Although Bath is 28 known as a Roman and Georgian city, many people came in the intervening centuries to make use of the 29 waters.While the Georgians made ‘taking the waters’ or bathing particularly fashionable, it’s 30 gene- rations who paved the way, creating greater interest in Bath and its springs. Charles II, desperate for an heir and unable to produce a 31 son, came to Bath to take the waters in the hope that their magical powers would do something to 32 the situation. Craving for a male heir, James and Mary both came to Bath and soon after produced a son, which bred many conspiracy theories about who was the realfather of their 33 . Regardless, the ‘miracle’ created something of a boom in tourism for Bath and once Queen Anne had paid a visit in 1702, sealing it as the place to be, the whole nation 34 to the city.Afterwards, the spas (矿泉疗养浴场) in Bath continued to go in and out of fashion for more than 150 years until they closed completely. The new Bath Spa, which opened in 2006, 35 modernDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.The Doctor Will Skype You NowA) Fazila is a young woman that has been dealing with eczema (湿疹)，a common skin condition, for thepast five years, but never got it treated. The nearest hospital is an hour away, by boat and bus, and her skin condition didn’t seem serious enough to make the trek, so she ignored it—until a new technology brought the doctor to her. Fazila lives on one of the remote river islands in northern Bangladesh. These islands are low-lying, temporary sand islands that are continuously formed and destroyed through sand buildup and erosion. They are home to over six million people, who face repeated displacement from flooding and erosion—which may be getting worse because of climate change-and a range of health risks, including poor nutrition, malaria (疟疾) and other water-borne diseases.B) The most dangerous thing for these remote island dwellers is land erosion. The second is lack ofaccess to medical supplies and doctors. There are no doctors within miles, and while child mortality and maternal death have gone down in the rest of the country, this is not the case for the islands. The medical situation is so bad that it really takes away from the quality of their life. Yet for many island inhabitants—some of Bangladesh’s poorest—paying for health care is a costly ordeal. Victims of erosion lose their houses, agricultural land and jobs as farmers, fishermen and day laborers. Though government hospitals are free, many people hesitate to go, citing long commutes, endless lines and questionable diagnoses. For convenience’s sake, one-third of rural households visit unqualified village doctors, who rely on unscientific methods of treatment, according to a 2016 study in the peer reviewed journal Global Health Action.C) On the islands, there’s even a colloquial (口头的) expression for the idea of making medical careyour lowest priority: It’s known as“rog pushai rakha” in Bengali, which roughly translates to “stockpiling their diseases”—waiting to seek medical attention until a condition becomes extremelyserious. Now, a new virtual medical service called Teledaktar (TD) is trying to make health care more easily accessible. Every we ek, TD’s medical operators travel to the islands by boat, carrying a laptop,a portable printer for prescriptions and tools to run basic medical screenings such as blood pressure,blood sugar, body temperature and weight. They choose an area of the island with the best Internet reception and set up a makeshift (临时凑合的) medical center which consists of plastic stools and small tables borrowed from the locals’ homes, a tent in case of rain and a sheet that is strung up to give the patients privacy during their session.D) Launched in October 2018, TD has eight centers in towns and villages across rural Bangladesh andon three islands. It is funded by a nonprofit organization founded by Bangladeshi entrepreneurs, finance and technology professionals. Inside the center, the laptop screen lights up to reveal Dr. Tina Mustahid TD’s head p hysician, live-streamed(网络直播) from the capital city of Dhaka for free remote medical consultations. Affectionately called Doctor Apa—“older sister” in Bengali—by her patients, she is one of three volunteer doctors at TD.E) “I diagnose them through conversation,” says Dr. Musta hid. “Sometimes it’s really obvious thingsthat local doctors don’t have the patience to talk through with their patients. For example, a common complaint mothers come in with is that their children refuse to eat their meals. The mothers are concern ed they are dealing with indigestion, but it’s because they are feeding the children packaged chips which are cheap and convenient. I tell them it is ruining their appetite and ask them to cut back on unh ealthy snacks” Dr. Mustahid says building awareness about health and nutrition is important for island patients who are cut off from mainland resources.F) Even off the islands, Bangladesh faces a critical deficit of health services. The country has half thedoctors-per-person ratio recommended by the World Health Organization: roughly one doctor per 2,000 people, instead of one doctor per 1,000 people. And of those physicians, many are concentrated in cities: 70% of the country’s population live in rural areas, yet less than 20% of health workers practice there. Over 70% of TD’s 3,000 patients are female, in part because many are not comfortable speaking with local doctors who tend to be male. The rural women are mostly not literate or confident enough to travel on their own to the nearest town to visit medical facilities. Many have spent their entire lives rebuilding their homes when the islands flood. Early marriage and young motherhood, which are prevalent in these parts of Bangladesh, also contribute to the early onset of health problems.G) For most TD patients on the islands, Dr. Mustahid is the first big city doctor that they’ve everconsulted. TD doctors are not meant to treat serious illnesses or conditions that require a doctor to be physically present, such as pregnancy. But they can write prescriptions, diagnose common ailments—including digestive issues, joint pain, skin diseases, fever and the common cold—and refer patients to doctors at local hospitals. The visit is also an opportunity for the patients, especially women, to air their concerns about aging, motherhood and reproductive health according to Dr.Mustahid. The doctors also offer health, dietary and lifestyle advice where necessary, including insight on everything from recognizing postnatal (产后的) depression to daily exercise. Dr. Mustahid regularly recommends her patients to take a daily thirty-minute morning walk before the sun gets too intense.H) After a few sessions about general health issues Fazila finally opened up about something else thatwas bothering her: her persistent skin condition. It can get expensive to travel to the doctor, so usually the women living on the islands describe their illness to their husbands. The husbands then go to the pharmacy, try to describe the issue and return home with some random medicines. Nothingworked for Fazila until she started seeing Dr. Apa.I) Other nonprofits are also starting to provide health services on the islands. A local non-governmentalorganization called Friendship operates floating boat hospitals that provide health services to islands all over Bangladesh, docking at each for two months at a time. Friendship also runs satellite clinics in which one doctor and one clinic aide who are residents of the community disperse health and hygiene information.J) TD still has a few major challenges. Many residents complain the medicines they are prescribed are sometimes unaffordable, but the government isn’t doing enough for them. Patients often ask why the medicine isn’t free along with the consultation from the doctors. The organizations are linked to local pharmacies and offer discounts to the patients and make sure to prescribe the most cost-effective brands, but still many residents can’t afford even that.K) Nevertheless, TD’s remote consultations seem to be popular: Of 3,000 patients, at least 200 have returned for follow-ups, according to TD. The reason, explains one resident, might be the simple gesture of treating the island inhabitants with respect. “Dr. Apa is patient,” he says, “At government hospitals, the doctors treat us very badly, but here they listen to us, I can repeat myself many times and no one gets annoyed.”36. S ome children on the remote islands won’t eat their meals because they are fed cheap junk food.37. U nlike other parts of Bangladesh, the number of women who die from giving birthremains high on the river islands.38. O ne big problem many islanders have is that they can’t afford the prescribed medicines, even withdiscounts offered.39. T D is a virtual medical service financially supporte d by one of the nation’s nonprofit organizations.40. T D doctors are welcome to the islanders because they treat the sick with respect and patience.41. W omen islanders tend to have health problems early partly because they get married and give birthearly.42. T D doctors make weekly visits to the remote islands to provide services at a temporary medicalcenter.43. T D doctors provide the islanders with online diagnoses and treatments for common diseases.44. T he residents of the river islands have to keep moving their homes because of floods and landerosions.45. W omen islanders usually rely on their husbands to get some medicines for them without diagnosesand prescriptions.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Selective colleges and universities in the U.S. are under fire for being too elite and too expensive, and for not training graduates for the world of work. Such charges ignore the fact that these institutions continue to prepare students for success in their work, for thoughtful engagement in civic life, for lifelonglearning, and for understanding the world and those with whom they live.These colleges and universities must be doing something right. Applications are at record highs, and their financial aid programs make them more accessible than ever. This model of education has long played a central role in creating opportunity, driving economic growth, and spurring innovation.Yet, there is growing skepticism about the value of this model. The recent tax reform bill is a wake-up call that our strongest colleges and universities are under assault by some in government. The initial proposals would have made education unaffordable for many by taxing tuition waivers for graduate students and ending deductions for student loan interest. Thankfully, these provisions were ultimately stripped from the bill, but lawmakers let stand a new tax on the investment income of some colleges and universities.While these attacks are motivated by misguided ideas, we need to do a better job of explaining why these claims are false and why what we do is valuable. We cannot take for granted that any of this is obvious.It is often said that elite colleges and universities do not train students, particularly those who study the liberal arts, for the workforce. But this can be refuted by scholarly research. The data are clear: a liberal arts education is great career preparation, both for excellent lifetime earnings and for satisfaction with the work. This education develops the skills of critical thinking, rigorous analysis of data and facts, communication with the written and spoken word, understanding of cultural differences and issues, and the ability to keep learning. In fact, liberal arts graduates do extremely well in every imaginable field.Access to an education at selective colleges and universities is now more available than ever to low-and middle-income families. We have built endowments from donations by alumni(校友) and parents who understand and appreciate our mission to provide access and opportunity, and a significant portion of the returns from these endowments is used to fund financial aid.Ironically, the new tax on endowments drains financial aid funds from the very schools most able to offer opportunity to those who have earned a spot but cannot otherwise afford this education. Beyond the virtue of access to those who have earned a place at these schools, the diversity of economic backgrounds enhances the education and experience of all of our students.46. What fact does the author emphasize concerning selective colleges and universities?A. They have been ignoring the training of graduates for the world of work.B. They have been doing well in ensuring their students a successful future.C. They have been constantly attacked for being too elite and too expensive.D. They have been actively engaged in civic life beyond the school campus.47. What does the author say in arguing for the model of education in the U.S.?A. It has contributed substantially to the nation’s overall development.B. It has succeeded in maintaining sustainable financial aid programs.C. It has given priority to innovative programs for graduate studies.D. It has played a central role in attracting international applicants.48. What do we learn about the initial proposals concerning the recent tax reform bill?A. They would have stripped many students of life’s chances.B. They would have deducted graduate student loan interest.C. They would have added to many studen ts’ financial burden.D. They would have increased the number of tuition waivers.49. What do the data show about elite colleges and universities?A. Their graduates lack the rigor required for doing statistical analysis.B. Their students prove to be inadequately prepared for their future careers.C. Their focus on research is conducive to developing students’ critical thinking.D. Their liberal arts education enables graduates to excel in whatever field they are in.50. What is an advantage of providing financial aid for students?A. Every student can choose the institution they wish to attend.B. All students can benefit from a diversified student population.C. All students will be able to earn a place on university campus.D. Less privileged students will be more competitive at elite schools.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.When a group of Australians was asked why they believed climate change was not happening, about 36% said it was “common sense”, according to a report published last year by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. This was the most popular reason for their opinion, with only 11% saying their belief that climate change was not happening was based on scientific research.But what do we mean by an appeal to common sense? Presumably it’s an appeal to rationality of some sort that forms the basis of more complex reasoning. The appeal to common sense, however, is usually nothing more than an appeal to thinking that just feels right, but what feels right to one person may not feel right to another. Whether it feels right is usually a reflection of the world view and ideologies we have internalized, and that frames how we interact with new ideas. When new ideas are in accord with what we already believe, they are more readily accepted. When they are not, they, and the arguments that lead to them, are more readily rejected.We often mistake this automatic compatibility testing of new ideas with existing beliefs as an application of common sense, but, in reality, it is more about judging than thinking. As Nobelist Daniel Kahneman notes in Thinking, Fast and Slow, when we arrive at conclusions in this way, the outcomes also feel true, regardless of whether they are. We are not psychologically well equipped to judge our own thinking.We are also highly susceptible to a range of cognitive biases such as giving preference to the first things that come to mind when making decisions or giving weight to evidence.One way we can check our internal biases and inconsistencies is through the social verification of knowledge, in which we test our ideas in a rigorous and systematic way to see if they make sense not just to us, but to other people. The outstanding example of this socially shared cognition is science.That does not mean that individuals are not capable of excellent thinking, nor does it mean no individual is rational. But the extent to which individuals can do this on their own is a function of bow well int egrated they are with communities of systematic inquiry in the first place. You can’t learn to think well by yourself.In matters of science at least, those who value their common sense over methodological, collaborative investigation imagine themselves to be more free in their thinking, unbound by involvement with the group, but in reality they are tightly bound by their capabilities and perspectives. We are smarter together than we are individually, and perhaps that’s just common sense.51. What does the author intend to show by citing the findings from the report published last year?A. People seldom appeal to rationality in their thinking.B. It is often the case that truth lies in the hands of a few.C. Common sense and science are the two sides of a coin.D. Few people know if climate change is really happening.52. What is the appeal to common sense according to the author?A. It is the basis for the internaliz ation of individuals’ ideologies.B. It is a series of conceptions formulated from complex reasoning.C. It is collective wisdom that helps people interact with new ideas.D. It is something subjective based on what one perceives to be right.53. What does Daniel Kabneman think is the problem of testing new ideas with existing beliefs?A. It may lead to incorrect judgment.B. It makes no use of common sense.C. It fails to correct mistakes through serious reasoning.D. It can produce psychologically unacceptable outcomes.54. What can we do to be less susceptible to cognitive biases?A. Give equal weight to evidence of both sides in a conflict.B. Provide convincing examples in developing an argument.C. Establish socially shared cognition via scientific methods.D. Avoid inconsistencies when addressing controversial issues.55. What message does the author try to convey at the end of the passage?A. Multiple perspectives stimulate people’s interest in exploring the unknown.B. Individuals can enhance their overall capabilities by interacting with others.C. Individuals should think freely to break from the restrictions of common sense.D. Collaborative efforts can overcome individual’s limitations in scientific inquiry.Part IV T ranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.卢沟桥位于天安门广场西南15公里处，横跨永定河，是北京现存最古老的多拱石桥。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版大学英语六级真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) or D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The foggy weather has affected Mary’s mood.B) They are puzzled about Mary’s low spirits.C) Mary is dissatisfied with her promotion.D) Mary cares too much about her looks.2. A) Go to an art exhibition.B) Attend the opening night of a play.C) Dine out with an old friend.D) See his paintings on display.3. A) Her mother was quite outstanding in academic word.B) She was not particularly interested in going to school.C) Her parents laid great emphasis on academic excellence.D) She helped upgrade the educational level of immigrants.4. A) The machines there were ill maintained.B) Tickets for its members were cheaper.C) It was filled with people all the time.D) It had a reputation for good service.5. A) Both Sarah and Tom have been awarded doctoral degrees.B) Tom has arranged to meet his bride Sarah in Hawaii.C) Tom was more excited than Sarah at the wedding.D) A double blessing has descended upon Tom.6. A) There were too many questions in the examination.B) The examination was well beyond the course content.C) The examination questions were somewhat too difficult.D) The course prepared him adequately for the examination.7. A) It’s less time consuming.B) His wife is tired of cooking.C) It’s part of his job.D) He is sick of home-cooked meals.8. A) He has just started to teach piano lessons.B) He seldom takes things seriously.C) He is very proud of his piano skills.D) He usually understates his achievements.9. A) It’s tedious.B) It’s absurd.C) It’s justifiable.D) It’s understandable.10. A) Arrange accommodation for her.B) Explain the cause of the cancellation.C) Compensate her for the inconvenience.D) Allow her to take another flight that night.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) or D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Producing legendary painting.B) Making a fortune from decorative arts.C) Manufacturing quality furniture.D) Setting up a special museum.12. A) To show his fascination with Asian culture.B) To tell the story of the American Revolution.C) To promote interest in American decorative arts.D) To increase the popularity of the DuPont Company.13. A) By theme of period.B) By style of design.C) By manufacturer of origin.D) By function of purpose.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) People may use two or more languages.B) People will choose Chinese rather than English.C) The percentage of native speakers of English will increase.D) The number of people relying on their mother tongue will drop.15. A) The number of Spanish speakers is far greater than that of Arabic speakers.B) Arabic spoken in one Arab country may not be understood in another.C) Arabic spoken in Egypt differs from Arabic spoken in Morocco in origin.D) The number of Arabic speakers is declining because of the invasion of English.16. A) It is impossible for Arab countries to standardize their language.B) Most people in the world will learn to speak Chinese in the future.C) It is uncertain whether English will be the world language in the future.D) Spanish is very likely to become the top language of the world by 2050.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Because they believe blind students prefer to mix with students who can see.B) Because it would cost lots of money to build such special colleges.C) Because it would constitute discrimination against blind students.D) Because they think blind people should learn to live among sighted people.18. A) By encouraging the to be more self-reliant.B) By showing them proper care and respect.C) By offering them more financial assistance.D) By providing them with free medical service.19. A) Financial aid from the American government.B) Modern technology.C) Professional support.D) Help from the National Federation of the Blind.20. A) Ask American professors to write recommendations on their behalf.B) Obtain American citizenship before they reach the age of 30.C) Turn to special institutions in their own country for assistance.D) Apply to the national federation of the Blind for scholarships.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Each summer, no matter how pressing my work schedule, I take off one day exclusively for my son. We call it dad-son day. This year our third stop was the amusement park, where be discovered that he was tall enough to ride one of the fastest roller coasters (过山车) in the world. We blasted through face-stretching turns and loops for ninety seconds. Then, as we stepped off the ride, be shrugged and, in a distressingly calm voice, remarked that it was not as exciting as other rides he’d been on.As I listened, I began to sense something seriously out of balance. Throughout the season, I noticed similar events all around me. Parents seemed hard pressed to find new thrills for indifferent kids. Surrounded by ever-greater stimulation, their young faces were looking disappointed and bored.Facing their children’s complaints of “nothing to do“, parents were shelling out large numbers of dollars for various forms of entertainment. In many cases the money seemed to do little more than buy transient relief from the terrible moans of their bored children. This set me pondering the obvious question:“How can it be so hard for kids to find something to do when there’s never been such a range of stimulating entertainment available to them?”What really worries me is the intensity of the stimulation. I watch my little daughter’s face as she absorbs the powerful onslaught (冲击) of arousing visuals and bloody special effects in movies.Why do children immersed in this much excitement seem starved for more? That was, I realized, the point. I discovered during my own reckless adolescence that what creates excitement is not going fast, but going faster. Thrills have less to do with speed than changes in speed.I’m concerned about the cumulative effect of years at these levels of feverish activity. It is no mystery to me why many teenagers appear apathetic (麻木的) and burned out, with a “been there, done that”airof indifference toward much of life. As increasing numbers of friends’children are prescribed medications-stimulants to deal with inattentiveness at school or anti-depressants to help with the loss of interest and joy in their lives-I question the role of kids’boredom in some of the diagnoses.My own work is focused on the chemical imbalances and biological factors related to behavioral and emotional disorders. These are complex problems. Yet I’ve been reflecting more and more on how the pace of life and the intensity of stimulation may be contributing to the rising rates of psychiatric problems among children and adolescents in our society.21. The author tell surprised in the amusement park at fact that ________.A) his son was not as thrilled by the roller coasters ride as expectedB) his son blasted through the turns and loops with his face stretchedC) his son appeared distressed but calm while riding the roller coastersD) his son could keep his balance so well on the fast moving roller coasters22. According to the author, children are bored ________.A) unless their parents can find new thrills for themB) when they don’t have any access to stimulating fun gamesC) when they are left alone at weekends by their working parentsD) even if they are exposed to more and more kinds of entertainment23. From his own experience, the author came to the conclusion that children seem to expect ________.A) a much wider variety of sports facilitiesB) activities that require sophisticated skillsC) ever-changing thrilling forms of recreationD) physical exercises that are more challenging24. In Para 6 the author expresses his doubt about the effectiveness of trying to change children’s indifference toward much of life by ________.A) diverting their interest from electronic visual gamesB) prescribing medications for their temporary reliefC) creating more stimulating activities for themD) spending more money on their entertainment25. In order to alleviate children’s boredom, the author would probably suggest ________.A) adjusting the pace of life and intensity of stimulationB) promoting the practice of dad-son daysC) consulting a specialist in child psychologyD) balancing school work with extracurricular activitiesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.It used to be that people were proud to work for the same company for the whole of their working lives. They’d get a gold watch at the end of their productive years and a dinner featuring speeches by their bosses praising their loyalty. But today’s rich capitalists have regressed (倒退) to the “survival of the fittest”ideas and their loyalty extends not to their workers or even to their stockholders but only to themselves. Instead of giving out gold watches worth a hundred or so dollars for forty or so years of word, they grab tens and even hundreds of millions of dollars as they sell for their own profit the company they may have been with for only a few years.The new rich selfishly act on their own to unfairly grab the wealth that the country as a whole has produced. The top 1 percent of the population now has wealth equal to the whole bottom 95 percent and they want more. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing (将产品包给分公司做) because these business maneuvers don’t act to created new jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only out jobs while keeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.To keep the money machine working smoothly the rich have bought all the politicians from the top down. The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business at the nation because he issummoned to “fundraising dinners”where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to worm their way into government not through service but through donations of vast amounts of money. Once on the inside they have both political parties busily tearing up all the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich.The middle class used to be loyal to the free enterprise system. In the past, the people of the middle class mostly thought they’d be rich themselves someday or have a good shot at becoming rich. But nowadays income is being distributed more and more unevenly and corporate loyalty is a thing of the past. The middle class may also wake up to forget its loyalty to the so-called free enterprise system altogether and the government which governs only the rest of us while letting the corporations do what they please with our jobs. As things stand, if somebody doesn’t wake up, the middle class is on a path to being downsized all the way to the bottom of society.26. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that people used to placea high value on ________.A) job securityB) bosses’praiseC) corporate loyaltyD) retirement benefits27. The author is strongly critical of today’s rich capitalists for________.A) not giving necessary assistance to laid-off workersB) maximizing their profits at the expense of workersC) not setting up long-term goals for their companiesD) rewarding only those who are considered the fittest28. The immediate consequence of the new capitalists’practice is ________.A) loss of corporate reputationB) lower pay for the employeesC) a higher rate of unemploymentD) a decline in business transactions29. The rich try to sway the policy of the government by ________.A) occupying important positions in both political partiesB) making monetary contributions to decision-makersC) pleasing the public with generous donationsD) constantly hosting fundraising dinners30. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A) to call on the middle class to remain loyal to the free enterprise systemB) to warn the government of the shrinking of the American middle classC) to persuade the government to change its current economic policiesD) to urge the middle class to wake up and protect their own interests。

2022年6月英语六级真题试卷及答案（第一卷）六级作文部分WritingNowadays more and more people keep learning new skills to adapt to a fast-changing world.you can make comments,use examples,or use your personal experiences to develop your essay.范文∶It is a truth universally acknowledged that we are living in a constantly changing world. What seemed absolutely right yesterday may prove wrong today. Therefore, it is essential for everyone to keep learning new skills, so they can keep up with the pace of modern world.This mentality counts in almost every stage of our life.First, when a student keeps learning new skills, he/she always asks for more and desires to explore the unknown world. Therefore, there is an excellent chance that he/she stands out in peer groups. Second, in the workplace,office workers with such attitude generally finish his/her tasks in a higher quality, and they are more likely to climb up the ladder more quickly than their colleagues who content themselves with the skills they already have.Besides, in our daily life, people who keep learning new skills are more positive, and everyone around them must be fond of making friends with them.In all, we must keep learning new skills so as to adapt to the fast-changing world. On the one hand, we should make friends more with people who have such attitude,and let their positive energy influence us.On the other, we should bear in mind that what remains unchanged is change itself, so we should never stop learning new skills.六级听力部分1-5 ABCAD1 A He is a staff writer.2 B They are curious and autonomous.3 C He gives them encouragement.4 A Her tastes in books changed.5 D She is a successful entrepreneur.6- 10 DCDAB6 D They were mostly failures.7 C She could not found clothes of her size.8 D Expand her business.9 A Utilizing artificial intelligence to find apowerful new antibiotic.10 B Bacteria's resistance to antibiotics.11-14 BCCA11 B Predict whether compounds are toxic.12 C By observation.13 C They are groundless.14 A Most by chance16-20 ADCCB16 A They don't treat patients with duerespect.17 D Note down the names of all the doctors and nurses.18 C Passive.19 C It's members stay in touch even after it breaks up.20 B Their similarity is conducive to future collaboration. 21-25 DCDCB21 D It is connected by a unique mechanism.22 C Living off a small proportion of one'sincome.23 D It enables them to focus on long-term investments.24 C They think they themselves are to blame.25 B They do not try to keep up with others. 六级阅读部分1.选词填空26. A aesthetically27.B constructed28. K principally29. H natural30. J previous31. G legitimate32. L remedy33. I offspring34. E flocked35. F incorporates2.段落匹配36.E Some children on the remote islands won't eat their meals because they are fed cheap junk high on the river islands37. B Unlike other parts of Bangladesh, the number of women who die from giving birth remains even with discounts offered.38.J One big problem many islanders have is that they can't afford the prescribed medicines organizations.39.B TD is a virtual medical service financially supported by one of the nation's nonprofit40.K TD doctors are welcome to the islanders bccause thev treat the sick with respect and patience.41.F Women islanders tend to have health problems carly partly because they get married and give birth early.42. C doctors make weekly visits to the remote islands to provide services at a temporary medical center.43. D TD doctors provide the islanders with online diagnoses and treatments for common diseases.44.A The residents of the river islands have to keep moving their homes because of floods and land erosions.45.H Women islanders usually rely on their husbands to get some medicines for them without diagnoses and prescriptions.3.仔细阅读46 B)They have been doing well in ensuring their students a successful future47 A) It has contributed substantially to the nation's overall development.48 C)They would have added to many students financial burden.49 D) Their liberal arts education enables graduates to excel in whatever field they are in.50 B)All students can benefit from a diversified student population51 A)People seldom appeal to rationality in their thinking.52 D) It is something subjective based on what one perceives to be right.53 A) It may lead to incorrect judgment.54 C)Establish socially shared cognition via scientific methods55 D)Collaborative efforts can overcome individuals'limitations in scientific inquiry六级翻译部分南京长江大桥是长江上首座由中国设计、采用国产材料建造的铁路、公路两用桥，上层的4车道公路桥长4589米，下层的双轨道铁路桥长6772米。

xx年6月英语六级真题及答案(卷一)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the placeof human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over along period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His plaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal aess to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a publicuniversity or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actuallylarge bureaucracies.Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you havejust heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in peting with their rivals.11.A) Employees and panies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and panies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in panies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises suess.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Directions:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major mercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.。

2021年6月六级第一套真题通过整理的2021年6月六级第一套真题相关文档，希望对大家有所帮助，谢谢观看！2021年6月英语六级真题试卷（第一套）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of team spirit and communication in the workplace. You can cite examples to illustrate your views.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) A six- month-long negotiation. B) Preparations for the party. C) A project with a troublesome client.D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues. 2. A) Take wedding photos.B) Advertise her company. C) Start a small business.D) Throw a celebration party. 3. A) Hesitant.B) Nervous. C) Flattered. D) Surprised.4. A) Start her own bakery. B) Improve her baking skill.C) Share her cooking experience. D) Prepare for the wedding. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the recording you have just heard. 5.A) They have to spend more time studying. B) They have to participate in club activities. C) They have to be more responsible for what they do. D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline. 6. A) Get ready for a career. B) Make a lot of friends. C) Set a long-term goal. D) Behave like adults.7. A) Those who share her academic interests. B) Those who respect her student commitments. C) Those who can help her when she is in need. D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does. 8.A) Those helpful for tapping their potential. B)Those conducive to improving their social skills. C)Those helpful for cultivating individual interests. D)Those conducive to their academic studies. Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9.A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking. B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else. C) They are good at refining old formulas. D) They bring their potential into full play. 10. A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide. B) They resulted in a brandnew style of skiing techniques. C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles. D) They made explosive news in the sports world. 11. A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports. B)He competed in all major skiing events in the world.C)He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics. D)He broke three world skiing records in three years. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 12. A) They appear restless. B) They lose consciousness. C) They become upset.D) They die almost instantly. 13. A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry. B)It keeps returning to you every now and then.C)It leaves you with a long lasting impression. D)It contributes to the shaping of you mind. 14. A) To succeed while feeling irritated.B) To feel happy without good health. C) To be free from frustration and failure. D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods. 15. A) They are closely connected. B) They function in a similar way. C) They are too complex to understand. D) They reinforceeach other constantly. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) They differ in their appreciation of music. B) They focus their attention on different things. C) They finger the piano keys in different ways. D) They choose different pieces of music to play.17. A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates. B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors. C) They try hard to meet the spectators’expectations. D) They attach great importance to high performance. 18. A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science. B) It adopts a conventional approach to research. C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom. D) It gives rise to controversy among experts. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. A) People’s envy of slim models. B) People’s craze for good health. C) The increasing range of fancy products. D) The great variety of slimming products. 20. A) They appear vigorous. B)They appear strange. C)They look charming. D) They look unhealthy. 21.A) Culture and upbringing. B) Wealth and social status. C)Peer pressure.D) Media influence. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 22. A) The relation between hair and skin.B) The growing interest in skin studies. C)The color of human skin.D) The need of skin protection. 23. A) The necessity to save energy.B) Adaptation to the hot environment. C)The need to breathe with ease. D)Dramatic climate changes on earth. 24. A) Leaves and grass. B) Man-made shelter. C)Their skin coloring. D) Hair on their skin. 25.A) Their genetic makeup began to change. B)Their communities began to grow steadily. C)Their children began to mix with each other.D)Their pace of evolution bega n to quicken. Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a 26 , to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar 27 up. The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been 28 by clean-eating experts. But now a 29 review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been 30 in with other, more ft-promoting carbohydrates. “The study fo und that pasta didn’t 3 to weight gain or increase in body fat,” said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. “In 32 the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an 33 effect on body weigh outcomes when it is consumed as part of a he althy dietary pattern.” In fact, analysis actually showed a small weigh loss 34 to concerns.perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet Those involved in the 35 trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks. A) adverse B) championed C clinical D) contrary E) contribute F) intimate G) lumped H) magnified D) minimum J) radiating K) ration L) shooting M) subscribe N) systematic O) weighing Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. The Best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks A) Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macy’s, Nordstrom, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit. The interact is apparently taking down yet another industry. Brick and mortar stores (实体店) seem to be going the way of the yellow pages. Sure enough, the CensusBureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2021. B) But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent “surge“ would be misleading. It was an increase t hat was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny. C) More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of 2021. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2021 and 2021. D) So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all the retail executives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a “huge antitrust problem,“ the Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What＇s the real story? E) Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry is getting reinvented, as we describe in our new book Matchmakers. It＇s standing in the Path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. Thatstorm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy’s put it recently, “We’re frankly scratc hing our heads.” F) But it’s not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the dot. com bubble, brick and mortar retail was one of those industries the internet was going to kill-and quickly. The dot.corn bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, onventional retailers’confidence in the future increased as Census continued to report weak online sales. And then the gale hit. G) It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn’t a simple battle to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid. H) More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple’s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that areblending online and offline experiences in creative ways. I) Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it’s also not happening on what used to be called “Internet Time.“ Some internet-driven changes have happened quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren’t quick, and some haven’t really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks like the interact will transform the economy at something like the pace of other great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn’t move mainly online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2021, but that doesn’t mean it won’t do so over the next few decades. J) But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years, even though it hasn’t been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don’t need to go to as many stores to find what they want. There’s a surplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing. K) The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice. Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office,search and browse, and buy. Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily see if there’s a better deal online or at another store nearby. L) So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals.Many are having the same problem that newspapers have. Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to compensate for what they are losing offline. M) A few seem to be making this work.Among large traditional retailers, Walmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy’s, Target, and Nordstrom’s dropped. Yet Walmart’s year-over-year online sales only grew 7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), “Growth here is too slow.”Part of the problem is that almost two decades afte r Amazon filed the one.click patent, the online retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions.A recent study graded more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay.Almost half of the sites didn’t get a passing grade and only 18 percent got an A or B. N) The turmoil on the ground inphysical retail is hard to square with the Census data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are unreliable.Our deep 100k into those data and their preparation revealed serious problems.It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales.It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with“non-store retailers“1ike food trucks.can mask major changes in individual retail categories.The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways.but they have chosen not to. O) Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won’t disappear any time soon.The big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail category.Investors shouldn’t write off brick and mortar.Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter 36.Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey. 37.Innovative retailers integrate internet technologieswith conventional retailing to create new retail models. 38.Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail’s stocks has been dropping. 39.Innovative—driven changes in the retail industry didn’t take place as quickly as widely anticipated. 40. Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion’s share of the retail business. 41. Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers. 42.Brick and mortar retailers’faith in their business was strengthened when the dot com bubble burst. 43. Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time. 44. With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are likely to suffer the same fate as i the yellow pages. 45. The wide use of smartphones has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that thecr eation of powerful artifcial intelligence (AI) will be “either t he best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”, and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “ crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species”. Hawking was speaking at the op ening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence(LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studyin history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it;s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.” While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating int elligence are huge,” he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one-industrialisation. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. Andevery aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilisation.” Huw Price, the centre’s academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university’s Centre for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus. AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn’t taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exc iting,”she said, “but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use.” The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity. 46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence? A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilisation. B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making. C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities. D) It would bea significant expansion of human intelligence. 47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI? A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research. B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry. C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind. D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration. 48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research? A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future. B) The shift of research from theory to implementation. C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI. D) The increasing awareness of mankind’s past stupidity. 49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI? A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later. B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind. C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind. 50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry? A) They are much influenced by the academic community. B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development. C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics. D) They believe they can keep AI under human control. Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, andstartups (初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say. That’s what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup’s product, SentabTV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control. “It’s nothing new, it’s nothing too complicated and it’s natural because lots of people have TV remotes,”says Rodriguez. But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents’advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻将). Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them somethi ng. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,”he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch,”all work better “than going through a survey of questions.When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something—there’ll be more honest feedback from them.” Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale’s 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves. Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her. “I have the computer and FaceTime, whi ch I talk with my family on,”she explains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to do.” To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles. But Rodriguez says he＇s still learning something important by moving into thi s Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought.” And bes ides, where else would he learn to play mahjong? 51. What does the passage say about the startups? A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors. B) Theywant to have a share of the seniors’goods market. C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products. D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors. 52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to A) have an interview with potential customers B) conduct a survey of retirement communities C) collect residents’feedback on their products D) show senior residents how to use IT products 53. What do we know about SentabTV? A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly. B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs. D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer. 54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products? A) Winning trust from prospective customers. B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers. C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot. D) Responding promptly to customer feedback. 55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community? A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab. B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products. C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere. D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people. Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。

2023年3月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “People are now increasingly aware of the danger of ‘appearance anxiety’ or beingobsessed with one’s looks.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personalexperiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200words._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a kitchen.C. In a food store.D. In a supermarket.2. A. She eats meat occasionally. B. She enjoys cheeseburgers.C. She is allergic to seafood.D. She is a partial vegetarian.3. A. Dealing with one’s colleagues. B. Changing one’s eating habit.C. Following the same diet for years.D. Keeping awake at morning meetings.4. A. They enjoy perfect health. B. They are both animal lovers.C. They only eat organic food.D. They are cutting back on coffee.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. The man got a poor evaluation from his colleagues.B. The man made little contribution to the company.C. The man paid attention to trivial things.D. The man had an attitude problem.6. A. They make unhelpful decisions for solving problems.B. They favor some employees’ suggestions over others’.C. They use manipulative language to mask their irrational choices.D. They reject employees’ reasonable arguments for work efficiency.7. A. It is a must for rational judgment. B. It is more of a sin than a virtue.C. It is a good quality in the workplace.D. It is more important now than ever.8. A. Smoothing relationships in the workplace.B. Making rational and productive decisions.C. Focusing on emp loyees’ carcer growth.D. Preserving their power and prestige.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. They show genius which defies description.B. They accomplish feats many of us cannot.C. They create very high commercial value.D. They bring great honor to their country.10. A. They take part in kids’ extra-curricular activities.B. They work in spare time to teach children sports.C. They try to be positive role models to children.D. They serve as spokespersons for luxury goods.11. A. Separating an athlete’s professional life from their personal lif e.B. Preventing certain athletes from getting in trouble with the law.C. Keeping athletes away from drug or alcohol problems.D. Being super sports stars without appearing arrogant.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A. They always cost more than expected.B. They are joyous and exciting occasions.C. They should be paid up by the attendees.D. They are dreams coming true to the brides.13. A. It cost $60,000. B. It was cancelled.C. It had eight guests only.D. It was held in Las Vegas.14. A. Postpone her wedding. B. Ask her friends for help.C. Keep to her budget.D. Invite more guests.15. A. She called it romantic. B. She welcomed it with open arms.C. She said she would think about it.D. She rejected it flatly.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. It determines people’s moods.B. It can impact people’s wellbeing.C. It is closely related to people’s emotions.D. It can influence people’s personalities.17. A. They make people more reproductive. B. They increase people’s life expectancy.C. They tend to produce positive feelings.D. They may alter people’s genes gradually.18. A. The link between temperature and personality is fairly weak.B. People share many personality traits despite their nationalities.C. People in the same geographical area may differ in personality.D. The Americans are apparently more outgoing than the Chinese.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. The number of older Americans living alone is on the rise.B. Chronic loneliness does harm to senior citizens in particular.C. Correlations have been found between loneliness and ill health.D. A growing number of US seniors face the risk of early mortality.20. A. Medication is available for treating loneliness.B. Loneliness rarely results from living alone.C. Being busy helps fight loneliness.D. Loneliness is probably reversible.21. A. Living with one’s children. B. Meeting social expectations.C. Meaningful social contact.D. Timely medical intervention.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A. She had a successful career in finance.B. She wrote stories about women travelers.C. She made regular trips to Asian countries.D. She invested in several private companies.23. A. Buy a ranch. B. Start a blog.C. Travel round the world.D. Set up a travel agency.24. A. Work hard to attract attention from publishers.B. Gain support from travel advertising companies.C. Try to find a full-time job in the travel business.D. Create something unique to enter the industry.25. A. Attracting sufficient investment. B. Creating an exotic corporate culture.C. Avoiding too much advertising early on.D. Refraining from promoting similar products.Part III R eading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Unthinkable as it may be, humanity, every last person, could someday be wiped from the face of the Earth. We’ve learned to worry about asteroids (小行星) and super volcanoes, but the more likely 26 , according to Nick Bostrom, a professor of philosophy at Oxford, is that we humans will destroy ourselves.Professor Bostrom, who directs Oxford’s Future of Humanity Institute, has argued over the course of several papers that human 27 risks are poorly understood and, worse sill, 28 underestimated by society. Some of these existential risks are fairly well known, especially the natural ones. But others are 29 or even exotic. Most worrying to Bostrom is the subset of existential risks that 30 from human technology, a subset that he expects to grow in number and potency over the next century.Despite his concerns about the risks 31 to humans by technological progress, Bostrom is no luddite(科技进步反对者). In fact, he is a longtime 32 of transhumanism—the effort to improve the human condition, and even human nature itself, through technological means. In the long run he sees technology as a bridge, a bridge we humans must cross with great care, in order to reach new and better modes of being. In his work, Bostrom uses the tools of philosophy and mathematics, in 33 , probability theory, to try and determine how we as a 34 might achieve this safe passage. What follows is my conversation with Bostrom about some of the most interesting and worrying existential risks that humanity might 35 in the decades and centuries to come, and about what we can do to make sure we outlast them.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.San Francisco Has Become One Huge Metaphor for Economic Inequality in AmericaA) The fog still chills the morning air and the cable cars still climb halfway to the stars. Yet on theground, the Bay Area has changed greatly since Tony Bennett left his heart here. Silicon Valley and the tech industry have led the region into a period of unprecedented wealth and innovation. But existing political and land limits have caused an alarming housing crisis and astronomical rise in social and economic difference.B) While the residents of most cities display pride and support for their home industries, drastic marketdistortions in the San Francisco Bay Area have created a boiling resentment in the region towards the tech industry. A vocal minority is even calling on officials to punish those who are benefitting from the economic and housing boom. If this boom and its consequences are not resolved, a drastic increase in social and economic difference may have a profound impact on the region for generations.A history and analysis of this transformation may hold invaluable insights about the opportunities.Perils of tech cities are currently being cultivated across the US, and indeed around the world.C) According to a recent study, San Francisco ranks first in California for economic difference. Theaverage income of the top 1% of households in the city averages $3.6 million. This is 44 times the average income of those at the bottom, which stands at $81,094. The top 1% of the San Francisco peninsula’s share of total income now extends to 30.8% of the region’s income. This was a dramatic jump from 1989, where it stood at 15.8%.D) The region’s economy h as been fundamentally transformed by the technology industry springingfrom Silicon Valley. Policies pushed by Mayor Ed Lee provided tax breaks for tech companies to set up shop along the city’s long-neglected Mid-Market area. The city is now home to Twitter, Uber, Airbnb, Pinterest, Dropbox and others. In short, the Bay Area has become a global magnet for those with specialized skills, which has in turn helped fuel economic enthusiasm, and this economic growth has reduced unemployment to 3.4%, an admirable feat.E) In spite of all that, the strength of recent job growth, combined with policies that have traditionallylimited housing development in the city and throughout the peninsula, did not help ease the affordability crisis. In 2015 alone, the Bay Area added 64,000 in jobs. In the same year, only 5,000 new homes were built.F) With the average house in the city costing over $1.25 million and average flat prices over $1.11million, the minimum qualifying income to purchase a house has increased to $254,000. Considering that the average household income in the city currently stands at around $80,000, it is not an exaggeration to say that the dream of home ownership is now beyond the grasp of the vast majority of today’s people who rent.G) For generations, the stability and prosperity of the American middle class has been anchored by homeownership. Studies have consistently shown that the value of land has overtaken overall income growth, thus providing a huge advantage to property owners as a vehicle of wealth building. When home prices soar above the reach of most households, the gap between the rich and the poor dramatically increases.H) If contributing factors leading to housing becoming less than affordable are not resolved overmultiple generation s, a small elite control a vast share of the country’s total wealth. The result? A society where the threat of class warfare would loom large. A society’s level of happiness is tied less to measures of quantitative wealth and more to measures of qualitative wealth. This means that how a person judges their security in comparison to their neighbors’ has more of an impact on their happiness than their objective standard of living. At the same time, when a system no longer provides opportunities for the majority to participate in wealth building, it not only robs those who are excluded from opportunities, but also deprives them of their dignity.I) San Francisco and the Bay Area have long been committed to values which embrace inclusion andrejection of mainstream culture. To see these values coming apart so publicly adds insult to injury fora region once defined by its progressive social fabric. In the face of resentment, it is human to wantrevenge. But deteriorating policies such as heavily taxing technology companies or real estate developers are not likely to shift the balance.J) The housing crisis is caused by two primary factors: the growing desirability of the Bay Area as a place to live due to its excellent economy, and our limited housing stock. Although the city is experiencing an unprecedented boom in new housing, more units are sorely needed. Protection policies were originally designed to suppress bad development and boost historic preservation in our urban areas. Now too many developers are experiencing excessive delays. Meanwhile, there are the land limitations of the Bay Area to consider. The region is surrounded by water and mountains. Local governments need to aid development as well. This means increasing housing density throughout theregion and building upwards while streamlining the approval process.K) Real estate alone will not solve the problem, of course. Transportation, too, needs to be updated and infrastructure extended to link distant regions to Silicon Valley and the city. We need to build an effective high-speed commuting system linking the high-priced and crowed Bay Area with the low-priced and low-density Central Valley. This would dramatically reduce travel times. And based on the operating speeds of hovering trains used in countries such as Japan or Spain, high-speed rail could shorten the time to travel between San Francisco and California’s capitol, Sacramento, or from Stockton to San Jose, to under 30 minutes. This system would bring once distant regions within reasonable commute to heavy job centers. The city also needs to update existing transportation routes combined with smart home-building policies that dramatically increase housing density in areas surrounding high-speed rail stations. By doing so, we will be able to build affordable housing within acceptable commuting distances for a significant bulk of the workforce.L) Our threatening housing crisis forces the difficult question of what type of society we would like to be. Will it be one where elites command the vast bulk of wealth and regional culture is defined by a aggressive business world? We were recently treated to a taste of the latter, when local tech employee Justin Keller wrote an open letter to the city complaining about having to see homeless people on his way to work.M) It doesn’t have to be this way. But solutions need to be implemented now, before angry crowds grow from a nuisance to serious concern. It may take less than you might think. And in fact, the solutions to our housing crisis are already fairly clear. We need to increase the density of housing units. We need to use existing technology to shorten travel times and break the land limits. There is a way to solve complex social and economic problems without abandoning social responsibility. This is the Bay Area’s opportunity to prove that it can innovate more than just technology.36. T he higher rate of employment, combined with limited housing supply, did not make it any easier tobuy a house.37. O ne way to deal with the housing crisis is for the government to simplify the approval procedures forhousing projects.38. R esidents of the San Francisco Bay Area strongly resent the tech industry because of the economicinequality it has contributed to.39. T he fast rise in the prices of land and houses increases the economic inequality among people.40. S an Francisco city government offered tax benefits to attract tech companies to establish operationsin a less developed area.41. I nnovative solutions to social and economic problems should be introduced before it is too late.42. W hen people compare their own living standard with others’, it has a greater impact on their sense ofcontentment.43. S an Francisco has been found to have the biggest income gap in California between the rich and thepoor.44. I mproved transport networks connecting the city to distant outlying areas will also help solve thehousing crisis.45. A verage incomes in the Bay Area make it virtually impossible for most tenant families to buy ahome.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The suggestion that people should aim for dietary diversity by trying to eat a variety of foods has been a basic public health recommendation for decades in the United States everywhere. Now, however, experts are warning that aiming for a diverse diet may actually lead to just eating more calories, and, thus, to obesity. One issue is that people may not interpret "variety" the way nutritionists intend. This problem is highlighted by new research conducted by the American Heart Association. Researchers reviewed all the evidence published related to dietary diversity and saw a correlation between dietary diversity and a greater intake of both healthy and unhealthy foods. This had implications for obesity, as researchers found a greater prevalence of obesity amongst people with a greater dietary diversity.One author of the new study explained that their findings contradict standard dietary advice, as most dietary guidelines around the world include a statement of eating a variety of foods. But this advice does not seem to be supported by science, possibly because there is little agreement about the meaning of “dietary diversity,” which is not clearly and consistently defined. Some experts measure dietary diversity by counting the number of food groups eaten, while others look at the distribution of calories across individual foods, and still others measure how different foods eaten are from each other.Although the findings of this new study contradict standard dietary advice, they do not come as a surprise to all of the researchers involved. Dr. Rao, one of the study authors, noted that after 20 years of experience in the field of obesity, he has observed that people who have a regimented lifestyle and diet tend to be thinner and healthier than people with a wide variety of consumption. This anecdotal evidence matches the conclusions of the study, which found no evidence that dietary diversity promotes healthy body weight or optimal eating patterns, and limited evidence shows that eating a variety of foods is actually associated with consuming more calories, poor eating patterns and weight gain. Further, there is some evidence that a grea ter variety of food options in a single meal may delay people’s feeling of fullness and actually increase how much they eat.Based on their findings, the researchers endorse a diet consisting of a limited number of healthy foods such as vegetables, fruits, grains, and poultry. They also recommend that people simultaneously endeavor to restrict consumption of sweets, sugar and red meat. The researchers stress, however, that their dietary recommendations do not imply dietary diversity is never positive, and that, in the past, diversity in diets of whole, unprocessed food may have actually been very beneficial.46. What has been a standard piece of dietary advice for decades?A. People should diversify what they eat.B. People should have a well-balanced diet.C. People should cultivate a healthy eating habit.D. People should limit calorie intake to avoid obesity.47. What did the new research by the American Heart Association find?A. Unhealthy food makes people gain weight more easily.B. Dietary diversity is positively related to good health.C. People seeking dietary diversity tend to eat more.D. Big eaters are more likely to become overweight.48. What could help to explain the contradiction between the new findings and the common public healthrecommendation?A. There is little consensus on the definition of dietary diversity.B. The methods researchers use to measure nutrition vary greatly.C. Conventional wisdom about diet is seldom supported by science.D. Most dietary guidelines around the world contradict one another.49. What did Dr. Rao find after 20 years of research on obesity?A. There is no clear definition of optimal eating patterns.B. Diversified food intake may not contribute to health.C. Eating patterns and weight gain go hand in hand.D. Dietary diversity promotes healthy body weight.50. What does the passage say about people who eat a great variety of food?A. They are more likely to eat foods beneficial to their health.B. They don’t have any problems getting sufficient nutrition.C. They don’t feel they have had enough until they overeat.D. They tend to consume more sweets, sugar and red meat.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The ability to make inferences from same and different, once thought to be unique to humans, is viewed as a cornerstone of abstract intelligent thought. A new study, however, has shown that what psychologists call same-different discrimination is present in creatures generally seen as unintelligent: newborn ducklings (小鸭).The study, published Thursday in Science, challenges our idea of what it means to have a birdbrain, said Edward Wasserman, an experimental psychologist at the University of Iowa who wrote an independent review of the study.“In fact, birds are extremely in telligent and our problem pretty much lies in figuring out how to get them to ‘talk’ to us, or tell us how smart they really are,” he said.Antone Martinho and Alex Kacelnik, co-authors of the new paper, devised a clever experiment to better test bird intelligence.First, they took 1-day-old ducklings and exposed them to a pair of moving objects. The two objects were either the same or different in shape or color. Then they exposed each duckling to two entirely new pairs of moving objects.The researchers found that about 70 percent of the ducklings preferred to move toward the pair of objects that had the same shape or color relationship as the first objects they saw. A duckling that was first shown two green spheres, in other words, was more likely to move toward a pair of blue spheres than a mismatched pair of orange and purple spheres.Ducklings go through a rapid learning process called imprinting shortly after birth—it’s what allows them to identify and follow their mothers.These findings suggest that ducklings use abstract relationships between sensory inputs like color, shape, sounds and odor to recognize their mothers, said Dr. Kacelnik.By studying imprinting, the authors of this study have shown for the first time that an animal can learn relationships between concepts without training, said Jeffrey Katz, an experimental psychologist at Auburn University who was not involved in the study.Previous studies have suggested that other animals, including pigeons, dolphins, honeybees and some primates (灵长类动物), can discern same from different, but only after extensive training.Adding ducklings to the list—particularly untrained newborn ducklings—suggests that the ability to compare abstract concepts “is far more necessary to a wider variety of animals’ sur vival than we previously thought,” Dr Martinho said. He believes the ability is so crucial because it helps animals consider context when identifying objects in their environment.It’s clear from this study and others like it that “animals process and appr eciate far more of the intricacies in their world than we’ve ever understood,” Dr. Wasserman said. “We are in a revolutionary phase in terms of our ability to understand the minds of other animals.”51. In what way were humans thought to be unique?A. Being capable of same-different discrimination.B. Being able to distinguish abstract from concrete.C. Being a major source of animal intelligence.D. Being the cornerstone of the creative world.52. What do we learn from the study published in Science?A. Our understanding of the bird world was biased.B. Our communication with birds was far from adequate.C. Our knowledge about bird psychology needs updating.D. Our conception of birds’ intelligence was wrong.53. What did the researchers discover about most ducklings from their experiment?A. They could associate shape with color.B. They could tell whether the objects were the same.C. They preferred colored objects to colorless ones.D. They reacted quickly to moving objects.54. What was novel about the experiment in the study reported in Science?A. The ducklings were compared with other animals.B. It was conducted by experimental psychologists.C. The animals used received no training.D. It used a number of colors and shapes.55. What do we learn from Dr. Wasserman’s comment on the study of animal minds at the end of the passage?A. Research methods are being updated.B. It is getting more and more intricate.C. It is attracting more public attention.D. Remarkable progress is being made.Part IV T ranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.张骞(Zhang Qian)是中国第一个伟大的探险家。