flange and gasket relate

弯头法兰等管件中英文对照表弯头法兰管件中英文对照表1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket 双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket。

化工厂常用术语英文表达1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 Valve1.6.1 结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型plug gate valve直通型through conduit gate valve(2) globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) ball valve三通3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘canted disc butterfly valve连杆式link butterfly valve8) piston type valve(9) plug valve三通three-way plug valve四通four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) check valve升降式lift check valve旋启式swing check valve, flap check valve落球式ball check valve弹簧球式spring ball check valve双板对夹式dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式piston check valve斜翻盘tilting disc check valve蝶式butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valvesolenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式float trap倒吊桶式inverted bucket trap自由浮球式loose float trap恒温式thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （用）平板式滑动slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damperpressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压back pressure regulating valve差压differential pressure regulating valve压力比例pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainerfilter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt 松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckle U形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement 5.1 设备名称Equipment Name5.1.1 容器Vessel(1) 塔tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor甲烷化器methanator(3) 气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观察孔observation door, peep door防爆门explosion doo5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室，变电所substation, switch room蓄电池室battery room控制室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room维修间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室locker room盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernal approval plot plan ( “B” issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan ( “G” issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.) 项目区界batterylimit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone iimit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk, cat way走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way 污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽through预留区trough场地future area铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rubber paving面积，区域area体积，容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header, manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bare iine管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口spool piece, spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“ ”视图X view “X”“ ”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD)接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installafion对称的symmetric相反（的），对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD)5.7 图面标注绝对标高abselute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁项面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of suppon (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底boaom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C) 坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线centerline (CL)入口inlet, suction出口outlet, discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表line list; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat湿度humidity密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable(4) 其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair; stair way直梯ladder柱column; post; stanchion基础foundation; footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall篦子板grate; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel仪表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计manometer; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis 5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification 危险区平面图hazardous area plan电气盘electrical panel配电盘switch board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding; easthing照明lighting; illumination避雷针lightning preventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle管口nozzle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH)检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线weldingiine件号part humbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head加强圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water traatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit清扫口clean out（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection6 管道支吊架Pipe Supports and Hangers 6.1 管架零部件Attachment of Support 管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forged steel clevis支耳；吊耳lug; ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shear lug托座stool托架cradle带状卡strap clamp夹板，导向板cleat可调夹板adjustable cleat角板；连接板gusset筋；肋rib支承环ring加强板stiffiener底板base plate顶板top plate翅片式导向板fin预埋件embedded part; inserted plate垫板（安装垫平用）shim锚固件；生根件clip预焊件(设备上) clip (on equipment)聚四氟乙烯滑动板PTFE sliding plate连接板tie plate连接杆tie rod限制杆limit rod带环头拉杆eye rod。

管道工程英文术语缩写管道工程英文术语缩写（中英对照）1.管子及管件P 管子 PipeEL 弯头ELL 长半径弯头ELS 短半径弯头MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）REL 异径弯头T 三通 TeeLT 斜三通RT 异径三通R 异径管接头（大小头） ReducerCR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头） Concentric reducer ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头） Eccentric reducer CPL 管箍 Coupling FCPL 双头管箍 Full couplingHCPL 单头管箍 Half couplingRCPL 异径管箍 Reducing couplingBU 内外螺纹接头 BushingUN 活接头 UnionHC 软管接头 Hose couplerSE 翻边短节 Stub endNIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nippleSNIP 异径短节 Swaged nippleCP 管帽（封头） CapPL 管堵（丝堵） PlugBLK 盲板 BlankSB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind (blank)RP 补强板 Reinforcing pad2.法兰 FLG 法兰 FlangeWNF 对焊法兰 Welding neck flangeSOF 平焊法兰 Slip-on flangeSWF 承插焊法兰 Socket-welding flangeT 螺纹法兰 Threaded flangeLJ 松套法兰 Lapped joint flangeREDF 异径法兰 Reducing flangeBF 法兰盖（日法兰） Blind flangeFSF 法兰密封面 Flange scaling FF 全平面 Flat face RF 凸台面Raised faceMFF 凹凸面 Male and female faceLF 凹面 Female faceLM 凸面 Male faceRJ 环连接面 Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面 T ongue and groove faceTF 榫面 T ongue faceGF 槽面 Groove face3.垫片 G 垫片 GasketNMG 非金属垫片 Non-metallic gasketAG 石棉垫片 Asbestos gasketRG 橡胶垫片 Rubber gasketTEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片 PTFE envelope gasketSMG 半金属垫片 Semimetallic gasketMJG 金属包垫片 Meta-jacket gasketSWG 缠绕式垫片 Spiral wound gasketMG 金属垫片 Metallic gasketFMG 金属平垫片 Flat metallic gasketSMSG 齿形金属垫片 Solid metal serrated gasketLER 透镜式金属环垫 Lens ring gasketOCR 八角形金属环垫 Octagonal ring gasketOVR 椭圆形金属环垫 Oval ring gaksetIR/OR 内外定位环 Inner ring and outer ringIR 内定位环 Inner ringOR 外定位环 Outer ring4.坚固件 B 螺栓 BoltSB 螺柱 Stud boltNU 螺母 NutTB 花蓝螺母 TurnbuckleWSR 垫圈 WasherSWSR 弹簧垫圈 Spring washer5.阀门 GV 闸阀 Gate valveGLV 截止阀 Globe valveCHV 止回阀 Check valveBUV 蝶阀 Butterfly valveBAV 球阀 Ball valvePV 旋塞阀 Plug valve (cock)CV 调节阀 Control valveSV 安全阀 Safety valveRV 减压阀 Pressure reducing valveST 蒸汽疏水阀 Steam trapPRV 泄压阀 Pressur relief valveBV 呼吸阀 Breather valveNV 针形阀 Needle valveAV 角阀DV 隔膜阀TWV 三通阀SGV 插板阀6.管道上用的小型设备SPR 气液分离器Separator FA 阻火器Flame arresterSR 过滤器 StrainerSRY Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerSRT T型过滤器 T-type strainerSRB 桶式过滤器 Bucket type strainerTSR 临时过滤器 Temporary strainerSIL 消声器 SilencerSG 视镜 Slight glassSC 取样冷却器 Sample coolerDF 排液漏斗 Drain funnelLM 管道混合器 Line mixerRO 限流孔板 Restriction orificeMO 混合孔板 Mixing orificeRD 爆破片（爆破膜） Rupture diskEJ 补偿器 Expansion joint7.隔热、伴热 INS 隔热 Thermal insulationH 保温 Hot insulationC 保冷 Cold insulationP 防烫伤隔热 Personnel protection insulationT&I 伴热 Tracing and insulationT 管道伴热（冷） TracingEST 蒸汽外伴热 External steam tracingIST 蒸汽内伴热 Internal steam tracingSJT 蒸汽夹套伴热 Steam-jacket tracingET 电伴热 Electric tracing8.配管材料和等级 M 金属材料 Metallic material CS 碳钢 Carbon steelCAS 铸钢 Cast steelFS 锻钢 Forged steelAS 合金钢 Alloy steelSS 不锈钢 Stainless steelAUSTSS 奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless-steelCI 铸铁 Cast ironMI 可锻铸铁 Malleable ironDI 球墨铸铁 Ductile ironAL 铝 AluminumBRS 黄铜 BrassBRZ 青铜 BronzeCU 紫铜 CopperLAS 低合金钢 Low alloy steelFLAS 低合金锻钢 Forged low alloy steelCLAS 低合金铸钢 Cast low alloy steelTHK 壁厚 ThicknessSCH 表号 Schedule numberSTD 标准 StandardXS 加强 Extra strongXXS 特强 Double extra strong9.装置布置 CN 建北 Construction northE 东 EastW 西 WestS 南 SouthN 北 NorthH 水平 HorizontalV 竖直、铅直、直立 VerticalGRD 地坪 GroundUG 地下 UndergroundBL 装置边界线 Battery limit lineESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器 Emergency shower and eye washer HS 软管站 Hose stationML 接续分界线 Match linePS 管道支架（管架） Piping supportPR 管桥 Pipe rackSTRU 构架（构筑物） StructureBLDG 建筑物 BuildingPD 清扫设施 Purge devicePT 池 PitSHLT 棚 ShelterCOFF 围堰 CofferdamFL 楼板 FloorPF 平台 Plateform10.尺寸标注 EL 标高 Elevation BOP 管底 Bottom of pipe COP 管中心Center of pipeTOP 管顶 Top of pipeFOB 底平 Flat on bottomFOT 顶平 Flat on topCL(屯) 中心线 Center lineTL 切线 Tangent lineSYM 对称的 SymmetricalBOS 支架底 Bottom of supportTOS 支架顶 Top of supportCL 净距（净空） ClearanceCTC 中心至中心 Center to centerCTF 中心至面 Center to faceCTE 中心至端部 Center to endETE 端到端 End to endFEF 法兰端面 Flange and faceFTF 面到面 Face to faceD 直径 DiameterDN 公称直径 Nominal diameterID 内径 Inside diameterOD 外径 Outside diameterDIM 尺寸 DimensionMAX 最大 MaximumMIN 最小 MinimumAVG 平均 AverageAPP 约、近似 Approximate点标高 Point elevation11.图表 PFD 工艺流程图 Process flow diagramPID 管道和仪表流程图 Piping & instrument diagramCOD 接续图 Continued on drawingDTL 详图 DatailSPDWG(ISODWG) 管段图 Spool drawing (each line isometric drawing) DWGNO 图号 Drawing numberDWGI 所在图号 Drawing identificationLOW 材料表 List of materialMTO 汇料 Material take-offAPPX 附录 AppendixJOB. No. 工号 Job NumberBEDD 基础工程设计数据 Basic engineering design dataDEDD 详细工程设计数据 Detail engineering design dataREV. No. 修改号 Recision numberREFDWG 参考图 Reference drawingSC 采样接口 Sample connection12.操作方式及工作参数 AUT 自动 AutomaticML 手动 Manual controlCHOP 链条操作 Chain operatedCSC 铅封关 Car seal closeCSO 铅封开 Car seal openLC 锁闭 Lock closedLO 锁开 Lock openNC 正常关 Normally closeNO 正常开 Normally openATM 大气压 AtmospherePN 公称压力 Nominal pressureA 绝压G 表压(T) 温度 Temperature(P) 压力 Pressure13.施工 W 焊接 WeldingAW 电弧焊 Arc weldingGSAW 气体保护电弧焊 Gas shielded-acr welding EFW 电熔焊Elecric fusion weldingERW 电阻焊 Electric Resistance weldingGW 气焊 Gas weldingLW 搭接焊 Lap weldingBW 对焊 Butt weldingTW 定位焊 Tack weldingSW 承插焊 Socket weldingCW 连续焊 Continuous weldingSEW 密封焊 Seal weldingSFG 堆焊 SurfacingFW 现场焊接 Field weldingHT 热处理 Heat treatmentPH 预热 PreheatingSR 应力消除 Stress reliefPWHT 焊后热处理 Post weld heat treatmentEIT 检查、探伤和实验 Examination, inspection & testing VE 外观检查 Visual examinationUI (UT) 超声探伤 Ultrasonic inspection (test)RI (RT) 射线探伤 Radiographic inspection (test)MPI (MT) 磁粉探伤 Magnetic particle inspection (test)LPI (PT) 液体渗透检验 Liquid penterant inspection (test) HADT 硬度实验 Hardness testingHYDT 水压实验 Hydraulic testingPNET 气压实验 Pneumatic testingCE 焊条 Covered electrodeWW 焊丝 Welding wireASSY 装配、组合 AssemblyF 现场 FieldF/F 现场制造 Field faricatedSF 现场决定 Suit in fieldCSP 冷紧 Cold springBCT 螺栓冷紧 Bolt cold tighteningBHY 螺栓热紧 Bolt hot tighteningCO 清洗口 Clean outANNY 退火 AnnealedPE 平端面 Plain endBE 坡口端 Belelled endTHR 螺纹 ThreadHB 布氏硬度 Brinnel hardnessRC 洛氏硬度14.其他 FDN 基础 FoundationINF 信息（资料） InformationREF 参考 ReferenceREV 修改 RevisionSEQ 序号（顺序） SequenceW/E 设备带来 With equipmentW/I 仪表带来 With instrumentCM 色标 Colour markCA 腐蚀裕度 Corrosion allowanceUTL 公用系统 UtilityUC 公用工程接头 Utility connectionQTY 数量 QuantityWT 重量 WeightMHR 工时 Man hourBC 螺栓分布圆 Bolt circleHP 高点 High pointLP 低点Low pointSUC 吸入（口） SuctionDIS 排出（口） DischargeSO 蒸气吹扫（口） Steam outNPT 美国标准锥管螺纹 National standard taper pipe thread NPS 美国标准直管螺纹 National standard straight pipe thread DR 排液 DrainVT 放气 VentRTG （压力）等级 RatingCL 等级 ClassSMLS 无缝 Seamless螺旋缝。

第五章 Components 的使用5.1. 简介设备、部件、管系、电缆、通风以及铁舾装件是舾装生产数字化设计中重要组成部分。

通过向设计完成的船体数字空间中调用设备及铁舾装件，按设计规范进行布置，再通过在同一场景下按系统设计与规范要求进行的管、风、电的布放，将完成船舶舾装的数字化放样设计。

但是，几何元素的布置并不能满足企业对于生产信息提取、组织、集配的需要。

在大的空间中设备与各种舾装件的布置许多是基于约束条件或基于特征映射的装配过程。

上述这些信息，必须通过信息处理器加以整理，进入Tribon 系统。

Tribon 系统为用户提供了Components 信息处理，它通过编码的形式，由用户将各类相关的信息（如形状、标准说明、重量、连接信息等）加以整理输入到计算机中供系统与用户的查询、调用，使数字化设计的虚拟船舶成为具有PIM(Product Information Model)产品信息模型。

5.2. Components 的启动在Windows 下点取：开始→程序→Tribon M3→Outfitting →Components在文件管理器中包含了管子、电气、通风、舱室、基座、电缆，铁舾、绝缘、紧固件、家具，梯子、构件、其它。

轮机专业主要使用的有Piping 、Venilation 、Insulation 3个分类。

每个分类下又分成了更多的子类。

下面是以piping 为例：Piping包括：管路连接件、法兰、阀、连接件、管材、管路附件、一般附件。

下面我们完全打开一个目录来了解一下components的结构：其中piping是主类，couplings是piping的类，2-way couplings是couplings的子类，straight coupling是2-way couplings的族。

CB53-80F是straight coupling的1个成组的项，图标是下面还有一个具体的成员CB53-80F-1，CB53-80F-1就是我们在建模是选择的Components名称。

adapter flange 配接凸缘adapting flange 连接法兰; 配接法兰flange drum 凸箍桶flange end 法兰端flange engine bearing 凸缘的主轴瓦flange face 法兰面flange facing 法兰压紧密封面; 法立接触面flange fitting 法兰式管接头flange focal distance 法兰焦距; 基面焦距flange focal distance(FD) 肩焦距flange for air pump 气泵法兰flange for upper shell 上筒体法兰flange form 法兰式flange gasket 法兰衬垫; 凸缘衬垫flange gasket pre-stress 法兰垫初期应力; 法立垫初期应力flange gasket residual stress 法兰垫残余应力flange gauge 凸缘规flange girth 翼缘flange grommet 凸缘垫环flange hub 凸缘毂flange joint 凸缘接合; 凸缘联轴节; 凸缘连接; 法定连接flange key 法兰扳手flange length of head 封头法兰长度flange machinery 起缘机械flange member 凸缘构件flange mo(u)ded packing 帽形填密件flange moment 法兰力矩flange moment under operating condition 法兰操作弯矩flange moment under pretightening condition 法兰预紧弯矩flange motor 凸缘底座电动机; 凸缘型电动机flange mount 凸缘架flange mounting 凸缘式安装件flange nozzle 凸缘喷嘴flange nut 带缘螺母flange of brasses 黄铜凸缘flange of bush 衬套凸缘flange of coupling 联轴节凸缘flange of lower shell 下筒体法兰flange of pipe 管子法兰; 管子凸缘flange of pol piston ring 活塞刮油环凸缘flange of valve 管阀凸缘flange outer diameter 法兰外径flange pass 凸缘孔型flange pipe 凸缘管flange plate 凸缘板; 翼缘板flange protection 法兰保护flange pulley 凸缘轮flange rail 平底钢轨flange rating 法兰等级; 法兰压力等级flange rib 凸缘肋flange ring 凸缘环flange rivet 凸缘铆钉flange seal 凸缘密封flange slab 翼缘板flange sleeker 法兰杆flange sleeve 凸缘套flange splice plate 翼缘镶板flange spreader 法兰扩张器flange spring washer 法兰弹簧垫圈flange steel 凸缘钢flange stress 凸缘应力; 法兰应力flange stripper guide 出口护板flange tap 凸缘分接头flange tee 法兰三通; 二重交错凸缘flange test 卷边试验; 卷边试验flange thickness 法兰厚度flange tool 法兰杆flange turner 翻边机flange type everlasting blow-off valve 凸缘式连续放泄阀flange type shaft coupling 凸缘联轴节flange weld 卷边焊缝; 卷边焊缝flange wheel 凸缘轮flange wrench 凸缘扳手flange wrinkle 凸缘皱褶flange yoke 凸缘叉flange-mounted magneto 凸缘磁电机flange-mounted motor 凸缘型电动机flange-to-web weld 卷边焊缝; 卷边焊缝flange-type motor 凸缘型电动机; 法兰式电动机flared flange method 蝶形孔型系统设计flat flange joint 平法兰连接Flg flange 凸缘floating head flange 浮动头法兰flywheel pilot flange 飞轮定心凸缘follower flange 填料压盖法兰foreline flange 前级管道法兰forged flange 锻制法兰front barrel flange 料筒前凸缘; 壳体前法兰盘galvanized flange 镀锌法兰盘gas bleed flange 气体冲洗法兰gas flow adjusting flange 气流调节板gas scavenging flange 气体冲洗法兰gearbox flange 齿轮箱凸缘groove flange 槽面法兰grooveless flange gasket 无槽凸缘垫圈handhole flange nipple 手孔凸缘螺纹接套handhole with butt welded flange 对焊法兰手孔height of protrusion in flange joint 法兰连接凸出部分高度high-pressure flange 高压管法兰high-pressure pipe flange 高压管法兰holding flange 固定凸缘hopper flange 料斗法兰horizontal flange 水平法兰面; 水平中分面horizontal joint flange 水平中分面法兰hub flange 毂缘hubbed flange 高颈法兰; 带颈法兰hydraulic flange press 液压折边机inclination (incline) of nozzles flange 接管法兰倾斜inlet flange 入口法兰inlet flange diameter 进口法兰直径inner flange 内法兰intake flange 吸入口法兰integral (-)type flange 整体凸缘integral (type) flange 整体法兰integral type flange 整体凸缘intermediate flange 中间接合盘inverse flange 反向法兰inward flange 内边缘; 内向折边joint flange 接合凸缘knuckle flange felt spring 关节凸缘毡弹簧labial flange 唇翼lap joint flange 活套法兰lap-joint flange 自由回转法兰; 搭接凸缘lap-joint(lap joint; lapped-type; lapped) flange 搭接法兰leading flange 导轮缘length of straight flange 直边长度liner flange 气缸套凸缘longitudinal stress in flange hub 法兰颈部轴向应力loose flange 松套凸缘; 活动法兰; 活动凸缘; 活套法兰loose flange type 活套式法兰loose type flange 松式法兰loose-flange joint 松套法兰盘接头lower flange 下法兰; 下翼缘lug flange 耳形凸缘male flange 凸出折边; 凸缘法兰manhole with butt welded flange 对焊法兰人孔manhole with common welded flange 平焊法兰人孔matching flange 接合凸缘moment acting on the flange for gasket seating 法兰预紧弯矩moment for designing flange 法兰计算弯矩mounting flange 安装用法兰muffler flange 减声器凸缘narrow face flange 窄面法兰normal flange 正常轮缘normal pressure flange 常压法兰notched flange 带槽凸缘nozzle flange 喷嘴凸缘; 接管法兰nozzle flange gasket face (surface) 接管法兰密封面number of bolt holes in flange 法兰螺栓孔数optional flange 任意法兰orientation flange assembly 定向翼缘装置outlet flange diameter 出口法兰直径outlet(discharge) flange 出口法兰output flange 输出法兰盘outward flange 外法兰oval flange 椭圆凸缘packing flange 密封涨圈parting flange 分离法兰pillow block flange 轴台凸轮pipe connecting flange 接管法兰pipe flange 管道法兰; 管法兰; 管凸缘; 管子法兰; 管子凸缘pipe flange joint 管子法兰接头plain flange 平面法兰; 对接法兰plain-face corrugated flange 平面波纹法兰plain-straight-face flange 平面法兰plate-girder flange splice 板梁翼缘接合pressure flange 压力凸缘propeller shaft pinion flange 传动轴主动齿轮凸缘punch flange 凸模固定凸缘radial stress in flange 法兰中的径向应力radiated flange 散热凸缘radiating flange 散热片radius of flange 弯边半径radius of flange mouth arc 法兰口圆弧半径raised face flange 凸面法兰raised face welding neck flange 凸面对焊法烂ratio of diameters of flange 法兰径比rear axle bevel pinion flange 后桥主动伞齿轮法兰reduced flange 异径法兰reducing flange 渐缩法兰; 缩口法兰reducing flange (red. flg.) 渐缩突缘reinforced flange fitting 加强的法兰管接件reinforcement by flange 凸缘补强retainer flange 挡住凸缘; 固定凸缘retention flange 固定法兰盘return flange 回油板rhombic flange unit 菱形法兰式轴承箱组rib flange 肋凸缘rigidity of flange 法兰刚度rigidity of the bolted flange system 法兰系统刚度rigidity of the system of bolted flange connection 法兰系统刚度rim with removable flange 可卸凸缘轮辋ring flange 法兰盘ring joint flange 梯形槽式密封面法兰ring joint welding neck flange 梯形槽式密封面对焊法兰; 环槽式密封面对焊法兰ring-type joint flange 圆环圈式法兰riveted flange 铆合凸缘rotary flange 移动法兰; 回转法兰rotation of flange 法兰旋转round flange 圆法兰rubber flange 橡皮凸缘running flange 移动法兰; 回转法兰saddle flange 鞍形法兰safety flange 安全法兰; 安全轮缘screen flange gasket 滤网凸缘衬垫screw flange 栓接法兰screw flange coupling 螺钉凸缘联轴节screwed (screw; threaded ) flange 螺纹法兰screwed flange 螺旋凸缘sealing flange 密封法兰; 密封凸缘self-lube flange cartridge unit 自润滑圆形法兰式轴承箱组self-lube four-bolt flange unit 自润滑四螺栓方形法式轴承箱组self-lube two-bolt flange unit 自润滑双螺栓菱形法兰式轴承箱组shaft flange 轴法兰shell flange of channel end 管箱侧壳体法兰shell flange of cover end 盖侧壳体法兰shrink flange 收缩法兰shrunk-and-peened flange 皱合法兰shrunk-and-rolled flange 皱卷法兰single-flange track wheel 单凸缘履带?sleeve flange 套筒法兰slip-on flange 松套法兰socket-welding flange 承插焊接法兰spacer flange 中间法兰special flange 特殊法兰square flange 方法兰square mounting flange 方形座法兰standard flange 标准法兰standard size of flange 标准法兰尺寸starting motor flange 起动机连接盘steel pipe flange 钢管法兰steel plate flange 钢板法兰step flange 阶式法兰straight flange 直边; 折边straight flange method 直配孔型轧制法strength of flange 法兰强度stretch flange 拉伸凸缘suction flange 进口法兰supported flange 压紧法兰supporting flange 压紧法兰tailing chute flange 粗粉溜出槽法兰tangential stress in flange 法兰切向应力; 法兰中的切向应力tapered-flange beam 楔形翼缘梁tension flange 应力凸缘; 抗拉法兰threaded flange 螺纹连接凸缘tongue(d) and groove(d) flange 榫槽面法兰; 榫槽面法兰top flange 上翼缘top flange plate 上翼缘板torque-tube flange 转向管凸缘transfer case flange 变速箱凸缘tubing-head adapter flange 油管头法兰two-flange shaft 双法兰轴universal-joint flange 万向节凸缘universal-joint flange yoke 万向节凸缘轭universal-joint transmission flange 万向节传力凸缘upper flange 上凸缘vessel flange 容器法兰; 设备法兰W.N flange 对焊法兰water pump gland flange 水泵水封压盖凸缘waveguide choke flange 波导管扼流突缘waveguide flange 波导管凸缘wedge-riser flange 楔形法兰weld flange connection 焊接法兰连接welded flange 焊接法兰; 焊接翼缘; 焊制法兰welding neck flange 高颈法兰wheel carrier flange 轮架凸缘wide flange steel section 宽翼工字钢wide-bottom flange rail 宽底钢轨wide-flange beam 宽翼缘梁; 宽缘梁wide-flange beam mill 宽缘钢梁轧机wide-flange girder 宽缘工字钢wide-flange I-beam 宽缘工字钢worn flange 磨损凸缘airscrew hub flange 飞机螺旋桨壳凸缘angle flange 角铁凸缘angle of flange 边缘弯角angular rotation of flange 法兰转角arbor flange (铣刀杆上的) 盘式刀架armature flange 电枢端板attachment flange 连接法兰backup flange 支持法兰baluster cover flange 栏杆柱法兰底座bearing flange 轴承凸缘bell and flange piece 承口法兰短管blank flange 盲板; 盲法兰; 盲凸缘; 闷头法兰; 法兰盲板; 无孔法兰盘; 无孔凸缘; 死法兰; 管口盖凸缘blankoff flange 盲板; 盲法兰blind flange 盲板法兰; 盲法兰; 堵塞法兰; 堵头盲板; 法兰盖body flange 法兰模板; 凸缘体bolt holes of (for) nozzle flange 接管法兰的螺栓孔bolted flange 螺栓结合凸缘bottom flange plate 凸缘底板box flange 轴箱凸缘brake flange 闸凸缘brass flange 黄铜法兰broad flange beam 宽缘工字钢buccal flange 颊翼buffer flange 缓冲器座bullet-and-flange joint 插销带翼接合cap flange 螺帽垫圈; 螺母垫圈card-board flange 纸板法兰垫cast flange 铸成凸缘; 铸造法兰; 固定凸缘centre brake flange 主制动凸缘choke flange 扼流凸缘; 阻波凸缘choke-flange joint 扼流凸缘接头choked flange 抗流凸缘; 扼流接头chuck flange 卡盘凸缘clamping flange 固定用凸缘clutch driving shaft flange 离合器传动轴凸缘collar flange 环状凸缘companion blind flange 配对法兰盖companion flange 配对法兰; 成对法兰; 接合法兰; 结合法兰; 联合凸缘; 对接凸缘; 对应法兰compression flange 受压翼缘; 补强凸缘condenser flange 凝汽器颈部法兰conical head with straight flange 带折边锥形封头conical reducer with straight flange 带折边锥体变径段connecting flange 联接凸缘contact flange 连接法兰control flange 控制法兰; 检查法兰corner flange weld 单卷边角焊缝corner-flange weld 卷边角焊缝; 卷边角焊缝counter flange 假腿; 反向凸缘; 反翼缘coupling flange 联结法兰; 联结翼板; 联轴器法兰cover flange 封头法兰crankshaft flange 曲轴法兰盘creeping flange 伸缩法兰crossover flange 跨接法兰cylinder base flange 汽缸座凸缘cylinder bolting flange 汽缸螺栓凸缘deflection of flange 法兰挠度design of bolted flange connection 螺栓法兰连接设计diagonal flange method 斜配孔型轧制法diagonal straight flange method 直腿型钢斜轧法diametric ratio of flange 法兰径比double flange 双凸缘drive flange 传动法兰; 主动凸缘driving flange 传动凸缘edge-flange joint 卷边接头; 卷边接头effective flange width 有效翼缘宽度exhaust manifold companion flange 排气歧管连合凸缘exhaust pipe flange gasket 排气管凸缘密封片exhaust pipe flange seal 排气管凸缘气封expanded flange 扩张法兰; 碾制凸缘external pressure flange 外压法兰face-flange 平面法兰female flange 凹面法兰; 带槽法兰field-coil flange 磁极线圈托板fixed flange 固定法兰盘flange 凸边; 凸缘; 凸缘盘; 突边; 弯边; 接盘; 法兰flange and elbow bend pipe 法兰盘弯管flange angle 凸缘角铁; 翼缘角钢flange angle steel 凸缘角钢flange area 凸缘面积; 法兰面积flange back 凸缘衬圈flange back case 凸缘后盖表壳flange back face 止推挡边后端面flange bearing 带法兰盘轴承flange bolt 凸缘螺栓; 法兰连接螺栓; 法兰螺栓flange bracing 纵向联杆flange butt joint 卷边对接接头; 卷边对接接头flange cast iron stop valve 法兰铸铁截止阀flange cast steel sluice valve 法兰铸钢闸阀flange chuck 凸缘花盘; 凸缘卡盘flange connection 凸缘连接; 法兰连接flange connector 凸缘联接器flange cooled cylinder 散热片气缸flange cork closure 凸缘软木塞封口flange coupling 凸缘联轴节; 法兰接合; 法兰接头; 法兰联结; 法兰联轴节flange crimping 凸缘卷曲法flange cut-off valve 法兰截止阀flange design bolt load 法兰设计螺栓载荷flange drilling 法兰钻孔。

管件中英文比较等径直通equal coupling异径直通reducing coupling内牙直通female coupling外牙直通straight tube with outside90 等径弯头 90 equal elbow45 等径弯头 45 equal elbow外牙弯头male elbow内牙弯头female elbow等径三通equal tee异径三通reducing tee内牙三通female tee外牙三通male tee管帽 capsch 代表压力lr长半径或 1 倍半大小 SIZE数目 QTY碳钢弯头Carbon Steel Elbow不锈钢弯头Stainless Steel Elbow高压弯头High-Pressure Elbow齐心异径管Concentric Reducers偏爱异径管Eccentric Reducers高压异径管High-pressure Reducers不锈钢等径三通Stainless Straight Tee碳钢等径三通Carbon Straight Tee不锈钢等径四通Stainless Straight Cross高压三通High-pressure Tee锻制三通Forged Tee异径接头Template管帽 Caps法兰 flange长径和短径弯头long and short radius elbows齐心和偏爱异径接头concentric and eccentric reducers等径和异径三通straight and reducing outlet tees大小头 CONCENTRIC REDUCERTee Equal相等的三通等径三通Straight Tee异径三通Reducing Tee等径四通Straight Cross90°短半径弯头90°SS Elbow (SR)90°长半径弯头90°SS Elbow (LR)高压厚壁弯头Thickness ElbowU型管Return Bend盲法兰Blank Flange弯管Bends翻边stub ends异径接头reducers公称通径nominal diameter外径 (mm) outside diameter中心距至端面的距离center to end理论重量 (kg/pcs) approx weightdescription类种Standard标准Design种类Material材质双丝头 Nipple短节 SWAGE NIPPLE内外螺纹活接头Union螺桩 studHalf-Coupling单承口管箍Coupling双承口管箍盲板 Blind Flangespectacle blind带双圈的盲板Ecentric偏爱的拆掉 :dismantle结头（管线的）：tie-in插盲板： slip spade盲板： blank接头： fitting加热器： heater金属环绕垫片（带外环）:SW with outside ringHR:热轧on site:manifold:管汇管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk 半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径 180°弯头 long radius return短半径 180°弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or lefthand)双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run andoutlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs,bull head)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通 ( 一个直通口为异径 ) 45 ° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通 ( 一个直通口及支管为异径) 45 °lateral (reducing on one run andbranch)Y 型三通（俗称裤衩）true“Y”四通 cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one runand outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one runand both outlet)异径管 reducer齐心异径管concentric reducer偏爱异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug短节 nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple 1 管道构成件Piping component管子 Pipe管子 ( 依据配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子 ( 不按配管标准规格制造的其余用管) tube钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢 stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube直管 run pipe; straight pipe管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk 半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径 180°弯头 long radius return短半径 180°弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run) 带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bullhead)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通 ( 一个直通口为异径 ) 45 ° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通 ( 一个直通口及支管为异径) 45 ° lateral (reducing on one run and branch) Y 型三通（俗称裤衩）true“Y”四通 cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管 reducer齐心异径管concentric reducer偏爱异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台 .插入式支管台boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug短节 nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple弯管 Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend超越弯管（ ^ 形） cross-over bend偏置弯管（ ~ 形） offset bend90°弯管 quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（ ? 形） single offset quarter bend S 形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ? 形）single offset U形弯管“U” bend双偏置 U 膨胀弯管double offset expansion斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度 roundness法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange“U” bend “U” bend滑套法兰（包含平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环 welding neck collar（与stub end平焊环 welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端 lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange相像）压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face环连结面ring joint face全平面 .满平面flat face; full face (FF)圆滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗拙度 roughness圆滑的 smooth齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术均匀粗拙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆 bolt circle .)垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片 flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝增强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket 天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的环绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring涟漪金属垫片corrugated metal gasket涟漪金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套涟漪金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket 双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连结金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket阀门 Valve阀门构造、部件阀轭 yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆 stem内螺纹 inside screw (IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve阀杆环 stem ring阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包含密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘 disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体 body阀盖 bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连结的阀盖活接阀盖（帽）螺栓连结的阀帽bolted bonnet (BB) union bonnet (cap) bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封 back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操控器powered operator电动操控器electric motor operator气动操控器pneumatic operator液压操控器hydraulic operator迅速操控器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮 chain wheel手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操控的cylinder operated链条操控的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环 lantern ring压盖 gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器 / 限位器 indicator/stopper注油器 grease injector可改换的阀座环renewable seat ring常用阀(1 ）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat张口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2)截止阀 globe valve 球心型阀盘 globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3)节流闪阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve(4)角阀 angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7)蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type凸耳式 lug type偏爱阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve8)柱塞阀piston type valve(9)旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10)隔阂阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔阂阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔阂阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔阂阀weir diaphragm valve(11)夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve （用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12)止回阀 check valve起落式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve其余用途的阀安全灰心阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type指引阀操控的安全灰心阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全灰心阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力均衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap（疏水阀用）放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve)平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动封闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀 squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀 control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve履行机构actuator背压调理阀back pressure regulating valve差压调理阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比率调理阀pressure ratio regulating valve未指明构造（或阀型）的阀切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调理阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve间隔阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀 forged valve锻造阀 cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混淆阀 mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲刷阀 flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀 root valve总管阀 header valve事故切断阀emergency valve管道特别件Piping Specialty管道特别件（组件）粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter暂时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT 型粗滤器T-type strainer永远过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint涟漪膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力均衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外增强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形赔偿器ball type expansion joint填函式赔偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函赔偿器single actionpacked slip joint管道特别元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)迅速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特别法兰special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8 字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling端部连结End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连结（接头）flanged joint对焊连结（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连结，管螺纹连结threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连结seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连结（接头）socket welded joint承插连结（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连结（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连结lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两头平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两头带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连结branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe。

英汉化工工程图解词汇-管材及保温11 配管(管路)和管件 Piping and Fitting11.1 阀杆与阀盖结构 Valve Stem and Bonnet Designs1-4 stem types 阀杆型式1 ISRS (inside screw rising stem) 明杆内螺纹2 OS & Y(rising stem outside screw and yoke) 支架式明杆外螺纹，轭式明杆外螺纹3 IS NRS (inside screw non-rising stem) 暗杆内螺纹4 sliding stem quick opening 快开滑动杆5-9 standard bonnet designs 标准阀盖结构5 union bonnet 活接阀盖6 screwed bonnet 螺纹阀盖7 bolted bonnet 栓接阀盖8 U-bolt bonnet U形螺栓栓接阀盖9 pressure seal bonnet 压力密封阀盖10 double-ball grease injector 双球注油器11 grease injector at lantern ring 套环上得注油器12 hand lever 手柄13 ball check 止回球14 spring 弹簧15 head housing 阀头16 needle 针17 valve housing 阀体18 pin 销钉19 stop valve 切断阀20 injector 注油器21 gland 压盖22 follower 随动件23 packing 填料24 bonnet 阀盖11.2 阀门(1) Valves (1)1 gate valve 闸阀2 globe valve 截止阀(球心阀) (水平管用)3 Y-valve Y形阀 (垂直管用)4 angle valve 角阀5 ball valve 球阀6 foot valve 底阀7 water style butterfly valve 薄片型蝶阀8 lug style butterfly valve 凸耳式蝶阀9-11 safety valve (escape valve .protection valve) 安全阀9 spring safety valve 弹簧安全阀10 lever and weight safety valve 杠杆重锤式安全阀11 dead-weight safety valve 重锤安全阀12 line blind valve 管道盲板阀13 rubber lined diaphragm valve 橡胶衬里隔膜阀 14-17 check valve 止回阀，单向阀( retaining valve ,non-return one-way valve)14 lift check valve 升降式止回阀15 swing check valve 旋启式止回阀16 ball check valve (for horizontal piping) 落球式止回阀(水平管用)17 ball check valve (for vertical piping) 落球式止回阀(垂直管用)18 (pressure)reducing valve 减压阀19 piston type regulating valve 柱塞式调节阀20 change valve 换向阀21 three way plug (T-port valve) 三通旋塞22 needle valve (pintle valve) 针阀123 cock valve (cock) 旋塞阀24 flat valve 盖阀25 wafer type body 薄片型阀体26 weight 重锤27 lever 杠杆28 spectacle plate 8字板29 machine bolt 机制螺栓30 bar (handle) 手把31 flange 法兰阀门(2) Valves(?)1 diaphragm valve 隔膜阀2 weir type 堰式(隔膜阀)3 straight-through type 直通式(隔膜阀)4 three way valve 三通阀5 divergent 分流(式)6 convergent 合流(式)7 quick action valve 速动阀quick opening valve 快开阀quick closing valve 快开阀quick closing emergency valve 事故快关阀8 pinch valve 胶管阀9 cryogenic stop valve 低温用切断阀10 flush bottom outlet valve 罐底排污阀，放净阀11 flexible reinforced diaphragm 挠性加强膜片12 weir 堰13 flexible elastomer tube 挠性合成橡胶管14 vacuum chamber 真空室15 hollow operating stem 管状阀杆16 vacuum jacket 真空夹套17 thermal insulation 绝热层18 cryogenic pipeline 低温管道19 open yoke 开式支架20 stainless steel plunger 不锈钢柱塞21 hand-wheel 手轮22 compression spring 压缩弹簧23 non-rising stem 暗杆阀门(3) Valves(?)1 positioned plug valve 定位阀塞调节阀2 cage positioned ball valve 笼式定位球调节阀3 variable-orifice damper valve 变孔调节阀4 slab type sliding gate valve 平板式滑动闸阀5 guillotine sliding gate valve 闸刀式滑动闸阀6 vacuum-jacketed Y-valve 真空夹套Y-形阀7 sweep angle valve 清刮式角阀8 float-ball self-closing valve 浮球式自动关闭阀，自力式浮球阀9 sliding plate 滑板10 inspection window 窥视窗valve 偏心旋转球截形调节阀11 self-draining valve 自动排液阀12 plug 阀塞，阀心13 cylinder 阀筒体14 piston 活塞215 closing port 关阀(信号)接口16 opening port 开阀(信号)接口17 adjustable orifice 可调孔口18 wafer valve body 薄片型阀体19 actuator 驱动器阀门(4) Valves(?)1 trickle valve (for cracking unit) 滴流阀(催化裂化装置用)2 solenoid valve 电磁阀3 hinge support bracket 铰链环支座4 hinge ring 吊环5 valve plate stop 阀板挡板6 valve plate 阀板7 diffuser plate 分配板8 body 阀体9 solenoid coil 电磁线圈10 stationary core 固定铁心11 core tube 芯管12 movable core 活动铁心13 housing 外壳14 shading coil 校正线圈15 coil connection 线圈接头16 spring retainer 弹簧支座17-29 piping arrangement of pressure reducing valve 减压阀的配管17 sight glass 视镜18 steam trap 蒸汽输水器19 strainer 过滤器20 bypass valve 旁通阀21 separator 分离器22 strainer with blow down cock 带排污旋塞的过滤器23 pressure control stop pipe 压力调节阀24 safety valve 安全泄气阀25 pressure control stop valve 压力调节切断阀26 downstream pressure gauge 下游压力表27 upstream pressure gauge 上游压力表28 reducing valve 减压阀29 full-way valve 同径阀(通径与管道直径相同) 11.3闸阀 Gate Valve1 hand wheel nut 手轮螺母2 hand wheel 手轮3 stem nut 阀杆螺母4 yoke 支架5 yoke bolting 支架螺栓6 stem 阀杆7 gland flange 压盖法兰，填料压盖8 gland 压盖9 gland eyebolts and nut 压盖活节螺栓和螺母gland lug bolts (eyebolt pin) 压盖凸耳螺栓(活节螺栓销钉)11、14 nut 螺母12 stem packing 阀杆填料13 drain plug 放油丝堵15 backseat bushing (bonnet stem bushing) 上密封座套筒(阀杆套筒)16 bonnet 阀盖17 bonnet gasket 阀盖垫片18 bonnet bolts and nuts 阀盖螺栓，螺母19 gate (disc wedge) 闸板，楔形闸板20 renewable seat ring 可更换的密封圈21 body 阀体22 solid wedge 楔形单闸板323 split wedge 楔形双闸板24 flexible wedge 挠性楔形闸板25 teflon seat ring 聚四氟乙烯密封圈26 double disc , parallel seat 平行双闸板27 teflon insert in seat ring 聚四氟乙烯镶嵌密封圈 11.4 截止阀 Globe Valve1 wheel nut 手轮螺母2 hand-wheel 手轮3 yoke sleeve 支架螺纹套筒4 stem 阀杆5 eyebolt 活节螺栓6 eyebolt nut 活节螺栓母7 gland flange 压盖法兰8 follower 随动件10 eyebolt pin 活节螺栓销钉11 bonnet 阀盖12、14 nut 螺母13 bonnet 阀盖双头螺柱15 grease injector 注油器16 packing 填料17 bonnet gasket 阀盖垫片18 bonnet stem bushing (backseat bushing) 阀杆套筒(上密封座套筒)19 disc nut 阀盘螺母20 seat ring (facing) 密封圈21 thrust plate 止推板22 disc 阀盘23 body 阀体24 locking pin 锁紧销all type seat disc (metal disc) 球型座阀盘 25 plug type seat anddisc without pilot (composition disc) 无导向塞型阀座和阀盘(拼合阀盘)27 globe type disc 球心型阀盘(大阀用)28 plug type seat and disc with pilot 带导向塞型阀座和阀盘29 globe type disc 球心型阀盘(小阀用)30 throttling type seat and disc (V-port) 节流型阀座和阀盘(V形开口)11.5 球阀 Ball Valve1 body 阀体2 socket (body cap) 阀体盖3 ball 球体4 ball seat 阀座5 stem 阀杆6 gland packing 压盖密封垫7 stem gasket 阀杆垫片8 compression ring 压环9 bonnet cap 阀盖帽10 hexagon socket bolt 圆柱头内六角螺钉11 stop plate 止动片12 lock ring 防松环13 handle 手柄，扳手14 body gasket 阀体垫片15 nut 螺母16 stud bolt 双头螺柱17 full port type 等径型18 reduced port type 缩径型19 Venturi type 文丘里型411.6 止回阀 Check Valve1 swing check valve 旋启式止回阀，摇板式止回阀2 bonnet stud bolt (cover stud bolt) 阀盖双头螺柱3 bonnet stud nut 阀盖螺母4 bonnet cap (cover) 阀盖5 bonnet gasket 阀盖垫片6 hinge pin (disc arm pin) 摇板销钉7 hinge (disc arm) 摇板8 seal ring 密封圈9 disc (clack) 阀盘10 disc washer 阀盘垫圈11 disc nut pin 阀盘螺母销钉12 disc nut 螺母13 body 阀体14 flange thickness 法兰厚度15 face to face 法兰面间长度，结构长度(指法兰阀)16 port opening 阀口17 diameter of raised face 凸台面直径18 diameter of pipe flange 管法兰直径19 center to top 阀体中心线至顶部距离20 lift check valve 升降式止回阀21 bonnet cap screw 阀盖螺钉22 ball type disc 球面阀盘23 end to end 端面间长度(指丝扣阀、承插焊接阀)24 socket weld end 承插焊接端11.7 弹簧安全泄压阀 Spring Safety-Relief Valve1 stem 阀杆2 lock-nut 锁紧螺母，防松螺母3 car seal (lead seal , wire seal) 铅封4 spring step (spring button) 弹簧挡片5 bonnet 阀盖6 body studs 阀体双头螺柱7 stud nuts 螺母8 guide 导向盘9 bellows 波纹管10 holden insert 阀心垫块11 ring pin 定位销12 nozzle 喷嘴13 body 阀体14 gag screw (adjusting screw) 调节螺钉15 compression screw 压紧螺丝16 cap 护罩17 spring 弹簧18 disc holder 阀盘座19 disc retainer 阀盘护圈20 adjusting ring 调整环21 disk 阀盘22 full nozzle construction 全嘴结构23 semi-nozzle construction 半嘴结构24 SAFETY VALVE-An automatic pressure relieving device actuated by the static pressure upstream of the valve , and characterizedby rapid full opening or pop action . It is used for steam , gas or vapour service .安全泄气阀-是一种由于阀的上游静压升高而自动泄压的设施，其特性是阀门能迅速开启至最大开度，即阀门突然动作，通常这种阀用于泄放蒸汽、气体等介质。

四氟垫执行标准
四氟垫的执行标准主要有以下几个：
1. GB/T 19001-2016/ISO 9001:2015 质量管理体系要求
这是国内质量管理体系的国家标准，要求企业在生产过程中实行全面的质量控制和质量管理，确保产品符合国家和行业标准。

2. GB/T 9126-2010 钢制法兰连接的密封垫片
这是国内钢制法兰连接密封垫片的行业标准，规定了密封垫片的材料、性能、尺寸、加工和检验等方面的要求。

3. ANSI B16.21-2017 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
这是美国标准协会制定的钢制法兰连接用非金属平垫圈的标准，规定了非金属平垫圈的材料、尺寸、性能和检验等方面的要求。

4. DIN 2690-1990 Flanges and their joints - Gasket parameters and test procedures
这是德国密封技术协会制定的法兰和密封的标准，规定了垫片的性能和测试方法
等方面的要求。

总之，四氟垫的执行标准主要是针对其材料、尺寸、性能和测试等方面进行规定，以确保垫片能够有效地起到密封作用，并满足国际和行业标准的要求。

一、美国美标管件标准美国标准ﻫＡSME/AＮSＩB16。

9工厂制造的锻钢对焊管件ﻫASMＥ/ANSI B16.１1 承插焊和螺纹锻造管件ﻫＡＳME/ANＳI B１６。

２８钢制对焊小半径弯头和回头弯AＳMＥB１6.5管法兰和法兰配件ﻫMSS SＰ—43 锻制不锈钢对焊管件ﻫMＳS SP-８3 承插焊和螺纹活接头MSS SP-９7 承插焊、螺纹和对焊端的整体加强式管座二、垫片Gａsket(ＧSKT) ﻫ垫片的型式ｔｙｐeｏf gaｓｋet平垫片flaｔgasｋetﻫ环形平垫片flａt rinｇgasｋet ﻫ平金属垫片flａｔmetal gasｋet ﻫ夹棉织物的橡胶elastoｍer witｈcｏtｔon ｆabricｉnｓertｉon夹石棉织物的橡胶eｌastomer wｉth asbｅstos fabric insｅｒtion ﻫ夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶eｌastoｍer with aｓbｅstoｓfabriｃｉnsertｉon and ｗiｔｈwｉｒe reiｎforcｅment无石墨压缩白石棉垫片noｎgｒａｐhited compressｅd white ａsｂesｔｏs ｇaskｅtﻫ天然白橡胶垫片naｔurａｌwhite rubbeｒgaskeｔ压缩石棉垫片ｃoｍpressｅd ａsbｅstos cｌaｓｓｇａｓｋet浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregｎatｅd asｂestｏs gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片ｓpiral-wound metal gasket witｈasbeｓtos ｆｉllｅr内环innｅr rｉng ﻫ外环,外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片ｃｏrｒuｇａted ｍetal gａsｋet波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugａted metaｌgaskｅｔwithａｓｂｅstｏｓiｎｓertｅd ﻫ双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated meｔalｄｏuble jaｃｋeｔeｄａsbestｏｓfillｅd gaskｅt ﻫ双夹套垫片double jａｃkeｔeｄgａsket金属包石棉平垫片flａt ｍetal ｊacketed asbestos filled ｇａsket整体金属齿形垫片soliｄmetａｌserratedｇaｓkeｔ槽形金属垫片gｒooｖeｄmetal ｇaｓｋet环形连接金属垫片ｒing joinｔmetal gａｓkeｔﻫ八角环形垫片oｃtａgｏｎal riｎg gaskｅt ﻫ椭圆环形垫片ovaｌring gaskｅtﻫ透镜式垫片lens ｇasketﻫ非金属垫片non-ｍｅｔａllic gａsｋｅｔ三、各种法兰管件中英文对照表ﻫ法兰Flange(FLG)ﻫ整体管法兰inteｇral pipｅfｌaｎgｅ钢管法兰sｔｅｅl pｉpe flange螺纹法兰threａｄed flange ﻫ滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slｉp—ｏn flange(SO); slip—on wｅldｉnｇfｌａnge承插焊法兰sｏckeｔweｌdinｇfｌangeﻫ松套法兰lap ｊｏｉｎｔｆlaｎge （LJF)对焊法兰ｗelding neｃkｆｌange (WNF）法兰盖blind flaｎge，blind孔板法兰oｒificｅflanｇｅ异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad typｅｆlange松套带颈法兰looｓe hubbed fｌａｎge焊接板式法兰wｅlｄing plate ｆlａnｇe ﻫ对焊环ｗｅlding nｅｃｋcollar(与stｕbend相似)平焊环welｄｉｎg—on collａr ﻫ突缘短节sｔub end，lａp ﻫ翻边端lapped piｐｅｅnd ﻫ松套板式法兰loose platｅfｌange ﻫ压力级preｓsｕｒe ratｉng，presｓurｅratｉng cｌaｓs ﻫ压力—温度等级ｐｒｅssｕre-ｔeｍｐｅｒaｔｕrｅratｉngﻫ法兰密封面,法兰面f ｌａｎｇｅfaｃinｇ突面ｒaiｓｅd face(RF) ﻫ凸面ｍale facｅ(MF）ﻫ凹面feｍale face （FMF)ﻫ榫面tｏngｕｅface槽面ｇroove fａce ﻫ环连接面ring joinｔｆace ﻫ全平面;满平面flat facｅ;fuｌl ｆace （FＦ）ﻫ光滑突面smｏｏth raised ｆace (SＲF) ﻫ法兰面加工ｆacinｇｆｉｎisｈ粗糙度rｏｕghnesｓ光滑的ｓmoothﻫ齿形serraｔeｄﻫ均方根rｏoｔmｅan square (RMS) ﻫ算术平均粗糙高度ａrithmｅtical averagｅｒｏｕｇｈness ｈeｉght（ＡAＲH)配对法兰comｐａnion-ｆｌangｅﻫ螺栓圆bolt cｉrclｅ(Ｂ．Ｃ。

一、美国美标管件标准美国标准ASME/ANSI B16.9 工厂制造的锻钢对焊管件ASME/ANSI B16.11 承插焊和螺纹锻造管件ASME/ANSI B16.28 钢制对焊小半径弯头和回头弯ASME B16.5 管法兰和法兰配件MSS SP-43 锻制不锈钢对焊管件MSS SP-83 承插焊和螺纹活接头MSS SP-97 承插焊、螺纹和对焊端的整体加强式管座二、垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式 type of gasket平垫片 flat gasket环形平垫片 flat ring gasket平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环 outer ring波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket透镜式垫片 lens gasket非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket三、各种法兰管件中英文对照表法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰 orifice flange异径法兰 reducing flange盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环 welding neck collar （及stub end相似）平焊环 welding-on collar突缘短节 stub end, lap翻边端 lapped pipe end松套板式法兰 loose plate flange压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级 pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face环连接面 ring joint face全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工 facing finish粗糙度 roughness光滑的 smooth齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH) 配对法兰 companion-flange螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)四管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT型粗滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle取样冷却器 sample cooler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节 hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节 tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 universal type expansion joint球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器 single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板 reinforcing saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind 限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面 protective disc费托立克接头 victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头） flanged joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头） socket welded joint承插连接（接头） bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接（接头） soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角 bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end plain (LEP)两端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe 五、管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow带支座弯头 base elbowk半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run) 带支座三通 base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run) 45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° latera l (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通 cross等径四通 straight cross异径四通 reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet) 异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet) 异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer锻制异径管 reducing swage螺纹支管台 threadolet焊接支管台 weldolet承插支管台 sockolet弯头支管台 elbolet斜接支管台 latrolet镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet短管支管台 nipolet支管台，插入式支管台 boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头 half coupling异径管接头 reducing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug短节 nipple异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管 Bend预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend90°弯管 quarter bend环形弯管 cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bend S形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bend U形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管 mitre bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管 corrugated bend 圆度 roundness。

常用管件管道配件中英文对照１。

管件系列1.1〉>P 管子Pipe1。

2〉〉EL 弯头Elbow1.2.1> ELL 长半径弯头Long radius elbow1.2.2> ELS 短半径弯头Short radius elbow1。

2。

3>MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头) Mitre elbow1。

2。

4〉REL 异径弯头Reducing elbow1。

3〉> T 三通Tee1.3。

1〉LT 斜三通Lateral tee1。

3。

2> RT 异径三通Reducing tee1.3。

3> CROSS 四通1.4〉>R 异径管接头（大小头）Reducer1。

4。

1> CR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducer 1。

4。

2> ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）Eccentric reducer 1。

5>〉CPL 管箍Coupling1。

5.1〉FCPL 双头管箍Full coupling1。

5。

2> HCPL 单头管箍Half coupling1。

5.3〉RCPL 异径管箍Reducing coupling1.6>>BU 内外螺纹接头Bushing1.7〉> UN 活接头Union1.8〉> HC 软管接头Hose coupler1.9>〉SE 翻边短节Stub end1.10>> NIP 短节Pipe nipple or straight nipple1。

10.1>SNIP 异径短节Swaged nipple1.11〉〉CP 管帽(封头）Cap1.12>〉PL 管堵（丝堵）Plug1.13〉〉BLK 盲板Blank1.13.1〉SB 8字盲板Spectacle blind1。

14>> PAD 补强板Reinforcing pad1.15>焊接支管台 WELDOLET1.16> 螺纹支管台 THREADOLET1。

一、美国美标管件标准美国标准ASME/ANSI 工厂制造的锻钢对焊管件ASME/ANSI 承插焊和螺纹锻造管件ASME/ANSI 钢制对焊小半径弯头和回头弯ASME 管法兰和法兰配件MSS SP-43 锻制不锈钢对焊管件MSS SP-83 承插焊和螺纹活接头MSS SP-97 承插焊、螺纹和对焊端的整体加强式管座二、垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket三、各种法兰管件中英文对照表法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle .)四管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe五、管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| 形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness。

有专门的标准，多学习，多认识，多参与工程。

希望有所帮助。

.石油化工企业配管工程常用缩写词SH/T 3902-93目次总则1、管子及管件2、法兰3、垫片4、坚固件5、阀门6、管道上用的设备7、隔热、伴热8、配管材料和等级9、装置布置10、尺寸标准11、图、表12、操作方式及工作参数13、施工14、其他总则本标准适用于石油化工企业工艺装置（单元）配管工程设计，其它配管工程设计可参照使用。

本标准未包括的缩写，设计需要时，可采用其它通用的英文缩写，或参照本标准派生。

1管子及管件编号缩写中文名称英文名称1.1 P管子Pipe1.2 EL弯头Elbow1.2.1 ELL长半径弯头Long radius elbow1.2.2 ELS短半径弯头Short radius elbow1.2.3 MEL斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）Mitre elbow1.2.4 REL异径弯头Reducing elbow1.3 T三通Tee1.3.1 LT斜三通Lateral tee1.3.2 RT异径三通Reducing tee1.4 R异径管接头（大小头）Reducer1.4.1 CR同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducer 1.4.2 ER偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）Eccentric reducer 1.5 CPL管箍Coupling1.5.1 FCPL双头管箍Full coupling1.5.2 HCPL单头管箍Half coupling1.5.3 RCPL异径管箍Reducing coupling1.6 BU内外螺纹接头Bushing1.7 UN活接头Union1.8 HC软管接头Hose coupler1.9 SE翻边短节Stub end1.10 NIP短节Pipe nipple or straight nipple1.10.1 SNIP异径短节Swaged nipple1.11 CP管帽（封头）Cap1.12 PL管堵（丝堵）Plug1.13 BLK盲板Blank1.13.1 SB 8字盲板Spectacle blind(blank)1.14 RP补强板Reinforcing pad2法兰编号缩写中文名称英文名称2.1 PLG法兰Flange2.1.1 WNF对焊法兰Welding neck flange2.1.2 SOF平焊法兰Slip-on flange2.1.3 SWF承插焊法兰Socket-welding flange2.1.4 T螺纹法兰Threaded flange2.1.5 LJ松套法兰Lapped joint flange2.1.6 REDF异径法兰Reducing flange2.1.7 BF法兰盖（日法兰）Blind flange2.2 FSF法兰密封面Flange scaling face2.2.1 FF全平面Flat face2.2.2 RF凸台面Raised face2.2.3 MFF凹凸面Male and female face2.2.4 LF凹面Female face2.2.5 LM凸面Male face2.2.6 RJ环连接面Ring joint face2.2.7 TG榫槽面Tongue and groove face2.2.8 TF榫面Tongue face2.2.9 GF槽面Groove face3垫片编号缩写中文名称英文名称3.1 G垫片Gasket3.1.1 NMG非金属垫片Non-metallic gasket3.1.1.1 AG石棉垫片Asbestos gasket3.1.1.2 RG橡胶垫片Rubber gasket3.1.1.3 TEG聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasket 3.1.2 SMG半金属垫片Semimetallic gasket3.1.2.1 MJG金属包垫片Meta-jacket gasket3.1.2.2 SWG缠绕式垫片Spiral wound gasket3.1.3 MG金属垫片Metallic gasket3.1.3.1 FMG金属平垫片Flat metallic gasket3.1.3.2 SMSG齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket 3.1.3.3 LER透镜式金属环垫Lens ring gasket3.1.3.4 OCR八角形金属环垫Octagonal ring gasket3.1.3.5 OVR椭圆形金属环垫Oval ring gakset3.1.3.6 IR/OR内外定位环Inner ring and outer ring 3.1.3.7 IR内定位环Inner ring3.1.3.8 OR外定位环Outer ring4坚固件编号缩写中文名称英文名称4.1 B螺栓Bolt4.1.1 SB螺柱Stud bolt4.2 NU螺母Nut4.3 TB花蓝螺母Turnbuckle4.4 WSR垫圈Washer4.4.1 SWSR弹簧垫圈Spring washer5阀门编号缩写中文名称英文名称5.1 GV闸阀Gate valve5.2 GLV截止阀Globe valve5.3 CHV止回阀Check valve5.4 BUV蝶阀Butterfly valve5.5 BAV球阀Ball valve5.6 PV旋塞阀Plug valve(cock)5.7 CV调节阀Control valve5.8 SV安全阀Safety valve5.9 RV减压阀Pressure reducing valve5.10 ST蒸汽疏水阀Steam trap5.11 PRV泄压阀Pressur relief valve5.12 BV呼吸阀Breather valve5.13 NV针形阀Needle valve5.14 AV角阀5.15 DV隔膜阀5.16 TWV三通阀5.17 SGV插板阀6管道上用的小型设备编号缩写中文名称英文名称6.1 SPR气液分离器Separator6.2 FA阻火器Flame arrester6.3 SR过滤器Strainer6.3.1 SRY Y型过滤器Y-type strainer6.3.2 SRT T型过滤器T-type strainer6.3.3 SRB桶式过滤器Bucket type strainer6.3.4 TSR临时过滤器Temporary strainer6.4 SIL消声器Silencer6.5 SG视镜Slight glass6.6 SC取样冷却器Sample cooler6.7 DF排液漏斗Drain funnel6.8 LM管道混合器Line mixer6.9 RO限流孔板Restriction orifice6.9.1 MO混合孔板Mixing orifice6.1 RD爆破片（爆破膜）Rupture disk6.11 EJ补偿器Expansion joint7隔热、伴热编号缩写中文名称英文名称7.1 INS隔热Thermal insulation7.1.1 H保温Hot insulation7.1.2 C保冷Cold insulation7.1.3 P防烫伤隔热Personnel protection insulation 7.2 T&I伴热Tracing and insulation7.3 T管道伴热（冷）Tracing7.3.1 EST蒸汽外伴热External steam tracing7.3.2 IST蒸汽内伴热Internal steam tracing7.3.3 SJT蒸汽夹套伴热Steam-jacket tracing7.3.4 ET电伴热Electric tracing8配管材料和等级编号缩写中文名称英文名称8.1 M金属材料Metallic material8.1.1 CS碳钢Carbon steel8.1.2 CAS铸钢Cast steel8.1.3 FS锻钢Forged steel8.1.4 AS合金钢Alloy steel8.1.5 SS不锈钢Stainless steel8.1.6 AUSTstainless-steel SS奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic8.1.7 CI铸铁Cast iron8.1.8 MI可锻铸铁Malleable iron8.1.9 DI球墨铸铁Ductile iron8.1.10 AL铝Aluminum8.1.11 BRS黄铜Brass8.1.12 BRZ青铜Bronze8.1.13 CU紫铜Copper8.1.14 LAS低合金钢Low alloy steel8.1.15 FLAS低合金锻钢Forged low alloy steel 8.1.16 CLAS低合金铸钢Cast low alloy steel 8.2 THK壁厚Thickness8.2.1 SCH表号Schedule number8.2.2 STD标准Standard8.2.3 XS加强Extra strong8.2.4 XXS特强Double extra strong9装置布置编号缩写中文名称英文名称9.1 CN建北Construction north9.2 E东East9.3 W西West9.4 S南South9.5 N北North9.6 H水平Horizontal9.7 V竖直、铅直、直立Vertical9.8 GRD地坪Ground9.9 UG地下Underground9.10 BL装置边界线Battery limit line9.11 ESEW事故沐浴洗眼器Emergency shower and eye washer 9.12 HS软管站Hose station9.13 ML接续分界线Match line9.14 PS管道支架（管架）Piping support9.15 PR管桥Pipe rack9.16 STRU构架（构筑物）Structure9.17 BLDG建筑物Building9.18 PD清扫设施Purge device9.19 PT池Pit9.20 SHLT棚Shelter9.21 COFF围堰Cofferdam9.22 FL楼板Floor9.23 PF平台Plateform10尺寸标注编号缩写中文名称英文名称10.1 EL标高Elevation10.2 BOP管底Bottom of pipe10.3 COP管中心Center of pipe10.4 TOP管顶Top of pipe10.5 FOB底平Flat on bottom10.6 FOT顶平Flat on top10.7 CL(屯)中心线Center line10.8 TL切线Tangent line10.9 SYM对称的Symmetrical10.10 BOS支架底Bottom of support10.11 TOS支架顶Top of support10.12 CL净距（净空）Clearance10.13 CTC中心至中心Center to center10.14 CTF中心至面Center to face10.15 CTE中心至端部Center to end10.16 ETE端到端End to end10.17 FEF法兰端面Flange and face10.18 FTF面到面Face to face10.19 D直径Diameter10.20 DN公称直径Nominal diameter10.21 ID内径Inside diameter10.22 OD外径Outside diameter10.23 DIM尺寸Dimension10.24 MAX最大Maximum10.25 MIN最小Minimum10.26 AVG平均Average10.27 APP约、近似Approximate10.28 PT.EL点标高Point elevation11图表编号缩写中文名称英文名称11.1 PFD工艺流程图Process flow diagram11.2 PID管道和仪表流程图Piping&instrument diagram11.3 COD接续图Continued on drawing11.4 DTL详图Datail11.5 SPDWG(ISODWG)管段图Spool drawing(each line isometric drawing) 11.6 DWGNO图号Drawing number11.7 DWGI所在图号Drawing identification11.8 LOW材料表List of material11.9 MTO汇料Material take-off11.10 APPX附录Appendix11.11 JOB.No.工号Job Number11.12 BEDD基础工程设计数据Basic engineering design data 11.13 DEDD详细工程设计数据Detail engineering design data 11.14 REV.No.修改号Recision number11.15 REFDWG参考图Reference drawing11.16 SC采样接口Sample connection12操作方式及工作参数编号缩写中文名称英文名称12.1 AUT自动Automatic12.2 ML手动Manual control12.3 CHOP链条操作Chain operated12.4 CSC铅封关Car seal close12.5 CSO铅封开Car seal open12.6 LC锁闭Lock closed12.7 LO锁开Lock open12.8 NC正常关Normally close12.9 NO正常开Normally open12.10 ATM大气压Atmosphere12.11 PN公称压力Nominal pressure12.12 A绝压12.13 G表压12.14(T)温度Temperature12.15(P)压力Pressure13施工编号缩写中文名称英文名称13.1 W焊接Welding13.1.1 AW电弧焊Arc welding13.1.2 GSAW气体保护电弧焊Gas shielded-acr welding13.1.3 EFW电熔焊Elecric fusion welding13.1.4 ERW电阻焊Electric Resistance welding13.1.5 GW气焊Gas welding13.1.6 LW搭接焊Lap welding13.1.7 BW对焊Butt welding13.4.8 TW定位焊Tack welding13.1.9 SW承插焊Socket welding13.1.10 CW连续焊Continuous welding13.1.11 SEW密封焊Seal welding13.1.12 SFG堆焊Surfacing13.1.13 FW现场焊接Field welding手工电弧焊SMAW埋弧自动焊 SAW非熔化极氩弧焊GTAW（TIG焊）熔化极氩弧焊GMAW（MIG焊）13.2 HT热处理Heat treatment13.2.1 PH预热Preheating13.2.2 SR应力消除Stress relief13.2.3 PWHT焊后热处理Post weld heat treatment13.3 EIT检查、探伤和实验Examination,inspection&testing 13.3.1 VE外观检查Visual examination13.3.2 UI(UT)超声探伤Ultrasonic inspection(test)13.3.3 RI(RT)射线探伤Radiographic inspection(test)13.3.4 MPI(MT)磁粉探伤Magnetic particle inspection(test) 13.3.5 LPI(PT)液体渗透检验Liquid penterant inspection(test) 13.3.6 HADT硬度实验Hardness testing13.3.7 HYDT水压实验Hydraulic testing13.3.8 PNET气压实验Pneumatic testing13.3.9 CE焊条Covered electrode13.3.10 WW焊丝Welding wire13.3.11 ASSY装配、组合Assembly13.**F现场Field13.3.13 F/F现场制造Field faricated13.3.14 SF现场决定Suit in field13.3.15 CSP冷紧Cold spring13.3.16 BCT螺栓冷紧Bolt cold tightening13.3.17 BHY螺栓热紧Bolt hot tightening13.3.18 CO清洗口Clean out13.3.19 ANNY退火Annealed13.4 PE平端面Plain end13.5 BE坡口端Belelled end13.6 THR螺纹Thread13.7 HB布氏硬度Brinnel hardness13.8 RC洛氏硬度14其他编号缩写中文名称英文名称14.1 FDN基础Foundation14.2 INF信息（资料）Information14.3 REF参考Reference14.4 REV修改Revision14.5 SEQ序号（顺序）Sequence14.6 W/E设备带来With equipment14.7 W/I仪表带来With instrument14.8 CM色标Colour mark14.9 CA腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowance14.10 UTL公用系统Utility14.11 UC公用工程接头Utility connection14.12 QTY数量Quantity14.13 WT重量Weight14.14 MHR工时Man hour14.15 BC螺栓分布圆Bolt circle14.16 HP高点High point14.17 LP低点Low point14.18 SUC吸入（口）Suction14.19 DIS排出（口）Discharge14.20 SO蒸气吹扫（口）Steam out14.21 NPT美国标准锥管螺纹National standard taperpipe thread 14.22 NPS美国标准直管螺纹National standard straight pipe thread 14.23 DR排液Drain14.24 VT放气Vent14.25 RTG（压力）等级Rating14.26 CL等级Class。

第56卷第3期2019年6月Vol.56No.3Jun.2019化H i殳备与肾道PROCESS EQUIPMENT&PIPING•压力容器•压力容器法兰螺栓疲劳强度浅析方晓峰（中石化宁波工程有限公司，浙江宁波315103）摘要：介绍了一种压力容器法兰螺栓疲劳强度的计算方法，通过引入法兰当量受力面积，计算螺栓、法兰和垫片系统的相对刚度K,最后根据应力幅法计算螺栓疲劳强度。

关键字：螺栓；疲劳；相对刚度；应力幅中图分类号：TQ050.3；TH122文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-3281（2019）03-0001-004压力容器设计中经常遇见各种承受交变载荷的设备，对于容器和接管的疲劳计算可以参考美国的ASME、英国的BS5500和我国的JB4732等标准进行分析，但有关法兰、螺栓连接系统中螺栓的疲劳计算介绍得相对较少闪。

然而螺栓的疲劳失效会直接导致法兰密封泄漏，造成设备失效，甚至停产等危害。

针对法兰、螺栓连接结构，本文拟采用一种新的计算方法计算螺栓、法兰和垫片系统相对刚度K r,进而利用应力幅法判定螺栓的疲劳强度是否合格。

1螺栓的受力分析和疲劳计算压力容器法兰螺栓连接（如图1所示）是由法兰环、垫片和螺栓等组成的一个静不定系统。

在操作状况下，螺栓在承受预紧力F。

作用时，还经常承受一个由0到代循环变化的交变载荷，因此在设计计算时须同时考虑螺栓的疲劳破坏图1法兰螺栓连接Fig」Flange and bolt connection system在预紧法兰时，螺栓受拉，法兰和垫片受压,施于螺栓上的拉伸预紧载荷与施于法兰、垫片系统上的压缩预紧载荷大小相等、方向相反。

在预紧载荷作用下，螺栓伸长而法兰和垫片缩短，螺栓的拉伸变形和法兰、垫片的压缩变形值视螺栓和法兰、垫片系统的拉压刚度而异。

工作时，内压升起后，设由内压所引起的总载荷为尸3,则在内压作用下法兰、垫片系统的载荷由巴下降为尺（为保证工作时的密封，件值应保持在一定水平之下，其值可由法兰设计中的2nD a bmp决定），因而压缩变形量由厲下降为dp-A4；相应地，螺栓伸长量则增加其总伸长量达此时的螺栓载荷值为F0+K r-代。

Flange词汇•adapter flange配接凸缘•adapting flange连接法兰; 配接法兰•flange drum 凸箍桶•flange end 法兰端•flange engine bearing 凸缘的主轴瓦•flange face 法兰面•flange facing 法兰压紧密封面; 法立接触面•flange fitting 法兰式管接头•flange focal distance 法兰焦距; 基面焦距•flange focal distance(FD) 肩焦距•flange for air pump 气泵法兰•flange for upper shell 上筒体法兰•flange form 法兰式•flange gasket 法兰衬垫; 凸缘衬垫•flange gasket pre-stress 法兰垫初期应力; 法立垫初期应力•flange gasket residual stress 法兰垫残余应力•flange gauge 凸缘规•flange girth 翼缘•flange grommet 凸缘垫环•flange hub 凸缘毂•flange joint 凸缘接合; 凸缘联轴节; 凸缘连接; 法定连接•flange key 法兰扳手•flange length of head 封头法兰长度•flange machinery 起缘机械•flange member 凸缘构件•flange mo(u)ded packing 帽形填密件•flange moment 法兰力矩•flange moment under operating condition 法兰操作弯矩•flange moment under pretightening condition 法兰预紧弯矩•flange motor 凸缘底座电动机; 凸缘型电动机•flange mount 凸缘架•flange mounting 凸缘式安装件•flange nozzle 凸缘喷嘴•flange nut 带缘螺母•flange of brasses 黄铜凸缘•flange of bush 衬套凸缘•flange of coupling 联轴节凸缘•flange of lower shell 下筒体法兰•flange of pipe 管子法兰; 管子凸缘•flange of pol piston ring 活塞刮油环凸缘•flange of valve 管阀凸缘•flange outer diameter 法兰外径•flange pass 凸缘孔型•flange pipe 凸缘管•flange plate 凸缘板; 翼缘板•flange protection 法兰保护•flange pulley 凸缘轮•flange rail 平底钢轨•flange rating 法兰等级; 法兰压力等级•flange rib 凸缘肋•flange ring 凸缘环•flange rivet 凸缘铆钉•flange seal 凸缘密封•flange slab 翼缘板•flange sleeker 法兰杆•flange sleeve 凸缘套•flange splice plate 翼缘镶板•flange spreader 法兰扩张器•flange spring washer 法兰弹簧垫圈•flange steel 凸缘钢•flange stress 凸缘应力; 法兰应力•flange stripper guide 出口护板•flange tap 凸缘分接头•flange tee 法兰三通; 二重交错凸缘•flange test 卷边试验; 卷边试验•flange thickness 法兰厚度•flange tool 法兰杆•flange turner 翻边机•flange type everlasting blow-off valve 凸缘式连续放泄阀•flange type shaft coupling 凸缘联轴节•flange weld 卷边焊缝; 卷边焊缝•flange wheel 凸缘轮•flange wrench 凸缘扳手•flange wrinkle 凸缘皱褶•flange yoke 凸缘叉•flange-mounted magneto 凸缘磁电机•flange-mounted motor 凸缘型电动机•flange-to-web weld 卷边焊缝; 卷边焊缝•flange-type motor 凸缘型电动机; 法兰式电动机•flared flange method 蝶形孔型系统设计•flat flange joint 平法兰连接•Flg flange凸缘•floating head flange浮动头法兰•flywheel pilot flange飞轮定心凸缘•follower flange填料压盖法兰•foreline flange前级管道法兰•forged flange锻制法兰•front barrel flange料筒前凸缘; 壳体前法兰盘•galvanized flange镀锌法兰盘•gas bleed flange气体冲洗法兰•gas flow adjusting flange气流调节板•gas scavenging flange气体冲洗法兰•gearbox flange齿轮箱凸缘•groove flange槽面法兰•grooveless flange gasket 无槽凸缘垫圈•handhole flange nipple 手孔凸缘螺纹接套•handhole with butt welded flange对焊法兰手孔•height of protrusion in flange joint 法兰连接凸出部分高度•high-pressure flange高压管法兰•high-pressure pipe flange高压管法兰•holding flange固定凸缘•hopper flange料斗法兰•horizontal flange水平法兰面; 水平中分面•horizontal joint flange水平中分面法兰•hub flange毂缘•hubbed flange高颈法兰; 带颈法兰•hydraulic flange press 液压折边机•inclination (incline) of nozzles flange接管法兰倾斜•inlet flange入口法兰•inlet flange diameter 进口法兰直径•inner flange内法兰•intake flange吸入口法兰•integral (-)type flange整体凸缘•integral (type) flange整体法兰•integral type flange整体凸缘•intermediate flange中间接合盘•inverse flange反向法兰•inward flange内边缘; 内向折边•joint flange接合凸缘•knuckle flange felt spring 关节凸缘毡弹簧•labial flange唇翼•lap joint flange活套法兰•lap-joint flange自由回转法兰; 搭接凸缘•lap-joint(lap joint; lapped-type; lapped) flange搭接法兰•leading flange导轮缘•length of straight flange直边长度•liner flange气缸套凸缘•longitudinal stress in flange hub 法兰颈部轴向应力•loose flange松套凸缘; 活动法兰; 活动凸缘; 活套法兰•loose flange type 活套式法兰•loose type flange松式法兰•loose-flange joint 松套法兰盘接头•lower flange下法兰; 下翼缘•lug flange耳形凸缘•male flange凸出折边; 凸缘法兰•manhole with butt welded flange对焊法兰人孔•manhole with common welded flange平焊法兰人孔•matching flange接合凸缘•moment acting on the flange for gasket seating 法兰预紧弯矩•moment for designing flange法兰计算弯矩•mounting flange安装用法兰•muffler flange减声器凸缘•narrow face flange窄面法兰•normal flange正常轮缘•normal pressure flange常压法兰•notched flange带槽凸缘•nozzle flange喷嘴凸缘; 接管法兰•nozzle flange gasket face (surface) 接管法兰密封面•number of bolt holes in flange法兰螺栓孔数•optional flange任意法兰•orientation flange assembly 定向翼缘装置•outlet flange diameter 出口法兰直径•outlet(discharge) flange出口法兰•output flange输出法兰盘•outward flange外法兰•oval flange椭圆凸缘•packing flange密封涨圈•parting flange分离法兰•pillow block flange轴台凸轮•pipe connecting flange接管法兰•pipe flange管道法兰; 管法兰; 管凸缘; 管子法兰; 管子凸缘•pipe flange joint 管子法兰接头•plain flange平面法兰; 对接法兰•plain-face corrugated flange平面波纹法兰•plain-straight-face flange平面法兰•plate-girder flange splice 板梁翼缘接合•pressure flange压力凸缘•propeller shaft pinion flange传动轴主动齿轮凸缘•punch flange凸模固定凸缘•radial stress in flange法兰中的径向应力•radiated flange散热凸缘•radiating flange散热片•radius of flange弯边半径•radius of flange mouth arc 法兰口圆弧半径•raised face flange凸面法兰•raised face welding neck flange凸面对焊法烂•ratio of diameters of flange法兰径比•rear axle bevel pinion flange后桥主动伞齿轮法兰•reduced flange异径法兰•reducing flange渐缩法兰; 缩口法兰•reducing flange (red. flg.) 渐缩突缘•reinforced flange fitting 加强的法兰管接件•reinforcement by flange凸缘补强•retainer flange挡住凸缘; 固定凸缘•retention flange固定法兰盘•return flange回油板•rhombic flange unit 菱形法兰式轴承箱组•rib flange肋凸缘•rigidity of flange法兰刚度•rigidity of the bolted flange system 法兰系统刚度•rigidity of the system of bolted flange connection 法兰系统刚度•rim with removable flange可卸凸缘轮辋•ring flange法兰盘•ring joint flange梯形槽式密封面法兰•ring joint welding neck flange梯形槽式密封面对焊法兰; 环槽式密封面对焊法兰•ring-type joint flange圆环圈式法兰•riveted flange铆合凸缘•rotary flange移动法兰; 回转法兰•rotation of flange法兰旋转•round flange圆法兰•rubber flange橡皮凸缘•running flange移动法兰; 回转法兰•saddle flange鞍形法兰•safety flange安全法兰; 安全轮缘•screen flange gasket 滤网凸缘衬垫•screw flange栓接法兰•screw flange coupling 螺钉凸缘联轴节•screwed (screw; threaded ) flange螺纹法兰•screwed flange螺旋凸缘•sealing flange密封法兰; 密封凸缘•self-lube flange cartridge unit 自润滑圆形法兰式轴承箱组•self-lube four-bolt flange unit 自润滑四螺栓方形法式轴承箱组•self-lube two-bolt flange unit 自润滑双螺栓菱形法兰式轴承箱组•shell flange of channel end 管箱侧壳体法兰•shell flange of cover end 盖侧壳体法兰•shrink flange收缩法兰•shrunk-and-peened flange皱合法兰•shrunk-and-rolled flange皱卷法兰•single-flange track wheel 单凸缘履带轮•sleeve flange套筒法兰•slip-on flange松套法兰•socket-welding flange承插焊接法兰•spacer flange中间法兰•special flange特殊法兰•square flange方法兰•square mounting flange方形座法兰•standard flange标准法兰•standard size of flange标准法兰尺寸•starting motor flange起动机连接盘•steel pipe flange钢管法兰•steel plate flange钢板法兰•step flange阶式法兰•straight flange直边; 折边•straight flange method 直配孔型轧制法•strength of flange法兰强度•stretch flange拉伸凸缘•suction flange进口法兰•supported flange压紧法兰•supporting flange压紧法兰•tailing chute flange粗粉溜出槽法兰•tangential stress in flange法兰切向应力; 法兰中的切向应力•tapered-flange beam 楔形翼缘梁•tension flange应力凸缘; 抗拉法兰•threaded flange螺纹连接凸缘•tongue(d) and groove(d) flange榫槽面法兰; 榫槽面法兰•top flange上翼缘•top flange plate 上翼缘板•torque-tube flange转向管凸缘•transfer case flange变速箱凸缘•tubing-head adapter flange油管头法兰•two-flange shaft 双法兰轴•universal-joint flange万向节凸缘•universal-joint flange yoke 万向节凸缘轭•universal-joint transmission flange万向节传力凸缘•upper flange上凸缘•vessel flange容器法兰; 设备法兰•water pump gland flange水泵水封压盖凸缘•waveguide choke flange波导管扼流突缘•waveguide flange波导管凸缘•wedge-riser flange楔形法兰•weld flange connection 焊接法兰连接•welded flange焊接法兰; 焊接翼缘; 焊制法兰•welding neck flange高颈法兰•wheel carrier flange轮架凸缘•wide flange steel section 宽翼工字钢•wide-bottom flange rail 宽底钢轨•wide-flange beam 宽翼缘梁; 宽缘梁•wide-flange beam mill 宽缘钢梁轧机•wide-flange girder 宽缘工字钢•wide-flange I-beam 宽缘工字钢•worn flange磨损凸缘•airscrew hub flange飞机螺旋桨壳凸缘•angle flange角铁凸缘•angle of flange边缘弯角•angular rotation of flange法兰转角•arbor flange (铣刀杆上的) 盘式刀架•armature flange电枢端板•attachment flange连接法兰•backup flange支持法兰•baluster cover flange栏杆柱法兰底座•bearing flange轴承凸缘•bell and flange piece 承口法兰短管•blank flange盲板; 盲法兰; 盲凸缘; 闷头法兰; 法兰盲板; 无孔法兰盘; 无孔凸缘; 死法兰; 管口盖凸缘•blankoff flange盲板; 盲法兰•blind flange盲板法兰; 盲法兰; 堵塞法兰; 堵头盲板; 法兰盖•body flange法兰模板; 凸缘体•bolt holes of (for) nozzle flange接管法兰的螺栓孔•bolted flange螺栓结合凸缘•bottom flange plate 凸缘底板•box flange轴箱凸缘•brake flange闸凸缘•brass flange黄铜法兰•broad flange beam 宽缘工字钢•buccal flange颊翼•buffer flange缓冲器座•bullet-and-flange joint 插销带翼接合•cap flange螺帽垫圈; 螺母垫圈•card-board flange纸板法兰垫•cast flange铸成凸缘; 铸造法兰; 固定凸缘•centre brake flange主制动凸缘•choke flange扼流凸缘; 阻波凸缘•choke-flange joint 扼流凸缘接头•choked flange抗流凸缘; 扼流接头•chuck flange卡盘凸缘•clamping flange固定用凸缘•clutch driving shaft flange离合器传动轴凸缘•collar flange环状凸缘•companion blind flange配对法兰盖•companion flange配对法兰; 成对法兰; 接合法兰; 结合法兰; 联合凸缘; 对接凸缘; 对应法兰•compression flange受压翼缘; 补强凸缘•condenser flange凝汽器颈部法兰•conical head with straight flange带折边锥形封头•conical reducer with straight flange带折边锥体变径段•connecting flange联接凸缘•contact flange连接法兰•control flange控制法兰; 检查法兰•corner flange weld 单卷边角焊缝•corner-flange weld 卷边角焊缝; 卷边角焊缝•counter flange假腿; 反向凸缘; 反翼缘•coupling flange联结法兰; 联结翼板; 联轴器法兰•cover flange封头法兰•crankshaft flange曲轴法兰盘•creeping flange伸缩法兰•crossover flange跨接法兰•cylinder base flange汽缸座凸缘•cylinder bolting flange汽缸螺栓凸缘•deflection of flange法兰挠度•design of bolted flange connection 螺栓法兰连接设计•diagonal flange method 斜配孔型轧制法•diagonal straight flange method 直腿型钢斜轧法•diametric ratio of flange法兰径比•double flange双凸缘•drive flange传动法兰; 主动凸缘•driving flange传动凸缘•edge-flange joint 卷边接头; 卷边接头•effective flange width 有效翼缘宽度•exhaust manifold companion flange排气歧管连合凸缘•exhaust pipe flange gasket 排气管凸缘密封片•exhaust pipe flange seal 排气管凸缘气封•expanded flange扩张法兰; 碾制凸缘•external pressure flange外压法兰•face-flange平面法兰•female flange凹面法兰; 带槽法兰•field-coil flange磁极线圈托板•fixed flange固定法兰盘•flange凸边; 凸缘; 凸缘盘; 突边; 弯边; 接盘; 法兰•flange and elbow bend pipe 法兰盘弯管•flange angle 凸缘角铁; 翼缘角钢•flange angle steel 凸缘角钢•flange area 凸缘面积; 法兰面积•flange back 凸缘衬圈•flange back case 凸缘后盖表壳•flange back face 止推挡边后端面•flange bearing 带法兰盘轴承•flange bolt 凸缘螺栓; 法兰连接螺栓; 法兰螺栓•flange bracing 纵向联杆•flange butt joint 卷边对接接头; 卷边对接接头•flange cast iron stop valve 法兰铸铁截止阀•flange cast steel sluice valve 法兰铸钢闸阀•flange chuck 凸缘花盘; 凸缘卡盘•flange connection 凸缘连接; 法兰连接•flange connector 凸缘联接器•flange cooled cylinder 散热片气缸•flange cork closure 凸缘软木塞封口•flange coupling 凸缘联轴节; 法兰接合; 法兰接头; 法兰联结; 法兰联轴节•flange crimping 凸缘卷曲法•flange cut-off valve 法兰截止阀•flange design bolt load 法兰设计螺栓载荷•flange drilling 法兰钻孔。

法兰跨接标准When it comes to the standard of flange connections, it is essential to understand the importance of precision and accuracy in engineering. Flange connections are crucial in many industries, such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation. These connections play a vital role in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of equipment and systems. The standard for flange connections is necessary to ensure that all components fit together correctly and securely, preventing leaks and other potential hazards.在讨论法兰连接的标准时，理解工程中精度和准确性的重要性至关重要。

法兰连接在许多行业中至关重要，如石油和天然气、化工处理和发电。

这些连接在确保设备和系统的安全高效运行方面起着至关重要的作用。

法兰连接的标准是必要的，以确保所有组件正确和安全地配合在一起，防止泄漏和其他潜在的危险。

One of the key aspects of flange connection standards is the precise measurements required for proper alignment and fit. The dimensions of flanges must be accurate to ensure a tight seal and prevent leakage. Any deviation from the standard dimensions can result inmisalignment, leaks, and potentially catastrophic failures. Therefore, adherence to the specified measurements is crucial in ensuring the integrity and safety of flange connections.法兰连接标准的关键方面之一是需要精确的测量来确保正确的对准和配合。