exercise3

Exercise 3I.Fill in the following blanks.1.I n 1642, the civil war broke out in England. The royalists were defeated by the parliament army led by _____. In 1649, _____ was beheaded and England was declared to be a commonwealth.2.T he Revolution Period is also called _____, because the English Revolution was carried out under a religious cloak.3.T he _____Revolution in 1688 was so called because it was bloodless and there was no revival of the revolutionary demands.4.I n Revolution Period _John Milton____ towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age and as Chaucer towers over the Medieval period.5.I n Milton’s works, “_Paradise Lost_____”is the greatest, indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since “Beowulf”.6.T he finest thing in “Paradise Lost” is thedescription of hell, and _Satan ____ is the real hero of the poem.7.J ohn Bunyan’s masterpiece “_The Pilgrim’s Progress____”is a religious allegory, a narrative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.8.A bout the beginning of the 17th century appeared a school of poets called _____, among whom John Donne was the leading one.9._John Dryden ___ wrote many works on literary criticism, and has been regarded as the earliest literary critic of real important in the history of English literature.10.The main literary achievements of the 17th century lies in the poetry of _____, in the prose writing of _____, and in the plays and literary criticism of _____.II.Choose one or more answers for thefollowing.1.T he revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things EXCEPT _____.A. the supremacy of ParliamentB. the beginning of modern EnglandC. the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in the countryD. the Restoration of monarchy2.J ohn Milton was _____.A. one of the giants of English literature in the 17th centuryB. blind in his later lifeC. a distinguished Revolutionary writerD. the greatest poet and pamphleteer in his age3.“Paradise Lost” is _____.A. a great epic of 12 booksB. based on Bible storyC. written in blank verseD. about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority4.W hich work was not written by John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. V olphone5.A mong the poets of the seventeenth century, Milton was the greatest. Besides him, there were two groups of poets. They were _____.A. the lake poetsB. the university witsC. the Metaphysical poetsD. the Cavalier poets.III.Decide whether the following statements are true or false1.E nglish literature of the 17th century witnesses a flourish on the whole.2.T he Revolution period produced one of the most important poets in English literature, William Shakespeare.3.T he main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama.4.“The Pilgrim’s Progress” is one of the mostpopular pieces of Christian writing produced during the 17th century.5.J ohn Dryden is the most excellent representative of English classicism in the Restoration period.IV.Answer the following questions1.W hat are the different aspects between the literature of Elizabethan period and the literature of the Revolution period?2.W hat is the story of “Paradise Lost”?3.M ake a comment on the image of Satan in “Paradise Lost”.4.D iscuss the theme and characterization of “Paradise Lost”.5.W hat are the features of Milton’s poetry?。

Translate the following sentences:1.He was not to be moved by either advice or entreaties.2.When he entered the room there was a hush of expectancy.3.But reality makes things difficult.现实,实际,真实4.Since he lost his job, he’s been a loner.孤独的人, 不合群的动物Be careful! He is known as a blame-shifter.移动装置(移相器,变速拨叉,印字换行器,搬移者n. 过失, 责备vt. 责备, 归咎于5.He was a regular合格的; 正式的; 公认的; 合乎礼仪的[口]完全的, 真正的, 十足的6.contributo贡献者,捐助者,赠送者r to that magazine.7.He is suggestively silent.提示性的,影射的,暗示的8.She was pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking.w enforcement cannot responsibly stand aloof.10.The apparent cause of his illness was excessive drinking.11.She wanted to find a lonely place to shed private tears.12.We went our separate ways home from the theatre.13.I am no match for him in skill who has operated the lathe for tenyears.14.As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stopdead.15.My publishers, with whom I have excellent relations, alwaysgive my new books wide publicity.16.艰巨的任务蓬勃的发展果断的措施进一步努力17.It’s been interesting to talk with you.18.I dare say he is honesty.19.Tell me it was a misunderstanding.20.Don’t let him tell you that.21.Finally I told him where to get off.22.Success at language is more a matter of application than ofintelligence.23.There is more to peace, not just the absence of war or armedconflict.24.He was more shy than unsociable.25.A young men’s first car is less a means of transportation thanmonument to his youthful abandon.26.He has more than repaid her kindness.27.A panda is no more a cat than a dog.28.我们主张民主。

Exercise---3用顺译、逆译、分译或综合法将下列各长句译为汉语：1. On August 1, the gunboat began her mission, //which was, //in the eyes of the defenders,// a provocative act and seemed to be part of the overall assault //which had begun on July 31.2. Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victim's family, //to put in jail a man,//who drove a car while drunk, has injured or killed another person?3. When we bought the house// there were small trees growing from the roof, all the windows had gone, and it had not been lived in for many years --- //Indeed it has all but fallen into ruin several times in its long life.4. All they have to do is// to press a button,// and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, //not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.5. Fourscore and seven years ago,//our fathers brought forth upon this continent //a new nation, //conceived in liberty and //dedicated to the proposition //that all men are created equal.6. You must fix in mind //the symbols and formulae, definitions and laws of physics,// no matter how complex they may be, //when you come in contact with them, //in order that you may understand the subject better and lay a solid foundation for further study.7. People //were afraid// to leave their houses,// for although the police had been ordered// to stand by// in case of emergency,//they were just as confused and helpless //as anybody else.定语从句的翻译：1. Furthermore, humans have the ability //to modify the environment //in which they live, thus subjecting// all other life forms// to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.2. After the riot, fifty people were taken to the hospital,// many of whom had been innocent bystanders.3. It is he who received the letter// that announced the death of your uncle.4. He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, //who assured him that everything// that couldbe done would be done.5. There is a man downstairs// who wants to see you.6. We used a plane//of which almost every part //carried //some indication of national identity.7. But he did not talk// at length //about the matter,// which was not considered by the White House// to be a particularly important question.8. She opposed the idea, //as might be expected.9. He wishes to write an article //that will attract public attention to the matter.10. He insisted on //buying another coat, //which he had no use for.被动语态的翻译：1. If the scheme is approved, work on the project will start immediately.2. The old man was knocked down by a speeding truck.3. The three machines can be controlled by a single operator.4. The little boy was criticized three times last week.5. Only those parts of the moon //which are lighted up by the sun// are bright.6. Private enterprise and industry were permitted and encouraged.7. It must be dealt with// at the appropriate time //with appropriate means.8. The result of the invention of the steam engine// was// that human power was replacedby mechanical power.9. Rainbows are formed// when sunlight passes through small drops of water //in the sky.10. Communications satellites are used for international living transmission // throughoutthe world.。

Impressions of America(Excerpts)Oscar WildeI fear I cannot picture America as altogether an Elysium- perhaps, from the ordinary standpoint and I know little about the country. I cannot give its latitude or longitude; I cannot compute the value of its dry goods, and I have no very close acquaintance with its politics. These are matters which may not interest you, and they certainly are not interesting to me.The first thing that struck me on landing in America was that if the Americans are not the most well-dressed people in the world, they are the most comfortable dressed. Men are seen there with the dreadful chimney-pot hat, but there are very few hatless men; men wear the shocking swallow-tail coat, but few are to be seen with no coat and all. There is an air of comfort in the appearance of the people which is a marked contrast to that seen in this country; where, too often and, people are seen in close contact with rags.The next thing particularly noticeable is that everybody seems in a hurry to catch a train. This is a state of things which is not favorable to poetry or romance. Had Romeo or Juliet been in a constant state of anxiety about trains, or had their minds been agitated by the question ofreturn-tickets, Shakespeare could not have given us those lovely balcony scenes which are so full of poetry and pathos.参考译文美国印象（节录）王尔德我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂—从一般的角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

牛津上海版（试用本）2019-2019学年小学英语五年级上册Module 3 Places and activities Unit 3 Seeing the doctor Exercise 3一、将下列单词划线部分的发音归类1.读—读，按音标将下列单词划线部分的发音归类ruler aloud July garden jump full farmwork shoe driver hard number afraid butterglue money purple love book first partycook spoon third（1）/ɜː/________ ________ ________ ________（2）/uː/________ ________ ________ ________（3）/ɑː/ ________ ________ ________ ________（4）/ə/ ________ ________ ________ ________（5）/ʌ/ ________ ________ ________ ________（6）/u/ ________ ________ ________ ________二、选择最恰当的答案2.The sweets are bad ________ your teeth.A. atB. forC. off3.Kitty ________ well today. She's ill.A. isn't feelB. isn't feelingC. is feeling4.________ the small animals are afraid of the tigers.A. BothB. AllC. These5.You have a toothache. Let's go to see the ________.A. dentistB. firemanC. farmer6.—I have a toothache. What shouldn't I do?—You shouldn't ________.A. drink some waterB. eat lunchC. eat too many sweets7.The doctors work ________.A. in the post officeB. in the hospitalC. in the cinema8.You have a cold. You should take some ________.A. riceB. fruitC. medicine9.What's ________ with you?A. wrongB. the wrongC. matter10.—________ do you visit your grandfather?—Once a week.A. How manyB. What timeC. How many times11.—________ animal do you like best?—Pandas.A. WhichB. WhoseC. Where三、按要求改写下列句子12.The tiger likes eating small animals. (改成否定句)13.Don't eat too many sweets. (换一种说法，但意思不变)14.You should wear warm clothes. (对划线部分提问)15.My father goes to America by plane every month. (对划线部分提问)16.The mice are afraid of the cat. (对划线部分提问)17.I take the underground to get to the museum. (对划线部分提问)18.I like the pink shirt. (对划线部分提问)19.I have a cold. (根据答句写出问句)20.They are doctors. (改成单数句)21.Jill has lunch at school from Monday to Friday. (改成一般疑问句)答案解析部分一、将下列单词划线部分的发音归类1.【答案】（1）work；purple；first；third（2）ruler；shoe；glue；spoon（3）garden；farm；hard；party（4）aloud；driver；afraid；butter（5）jump；number；money；love（6）full；book；cook；July【考点】音标【解析】【分析】（1）work中字母or，purple中字母ur，first和third字母ir 发音都是/ɜː/，故答案为work，purple，first，third.（2）ruler中字母u，shoe中字母o，glue中字母u，spoon中字母oo发音都是/uː/ ，故答案为ruler，shoe，glue，spoon.（3）garden，farm，hard，party中字母ar发音都是/ɑː/ ，故答案为garden，farm，hard，party.（4）aloud中字母a，driver中字母er，afraid中字母a，butter中字母er发音都是/ə/ ，故答案为aloud，driver，afraid，butter.（5）jump和number中字母u，money和love中字母o发音都是/ʌ/ ，故答案为jump，number，money，love.（6）full中字母u，book和cook中字母oo，July中字母u发音都是/u/ ，故答案为full，book，cook，July.【点评】本题考查了字母发音，注意相同字母在不同单词的发音不一定相同。

Translate the following sentences:1.He was not to be moved by either advice or entreaties.2.When he entered the room there was a hush of expectancy.3.But reality makes things difficult.现实,实际,真实4.Since he lost his job, he’s been a loner.孤独的人, 不合群的动物Be careful! He is known as a blame-shifter.移动装置(移相器,变速拨叉,印字换行器,搬移者n. 过失, 责备vt. 责备, 归咎于5.He was a regular合格的; 正式的; 公认的; 合乎礼仪的[口]完全的, 真正的, 十足的6.contributo贡献者,捐助者,赠送者r to that magazine.7.He is suggestively silent.提示性的,影射的,暗示的8.She was pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking.w enforcement cannot responsibly stand aloof.10.The apparent cause of his illness was excessive drinking.11.She wanted to find a lonely place to shed private tears.12.We went our separate ways home from the theatre.13.I am no match for him in skill who has operated the lathe for tenyears.14.As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stopdead.15.My publishers, with whom I have excellent relations, alwaysgive my new books wide publicity.16.艰巨的任务蓬勃的发展果断的措施进一步努力17.It’s been interesting to talk with you.18.I dare say he is honesty.19.Tell me it was a misunderstanding.20.Don’t let him tell you that.21.Finally I told him where to get off.22.Success at language is more a matter of application than ofintelligence.23.There is more to peace, not just the absence of war or armedconflict.24.He was more shy than unsociable.25.A young men’s first car is less a means of transportation thanmonument to his youthful abandon.26.He has more than repaid her kindness.27.A panda is no more a cat than a dog.28.我们主张民主。

第3章化学热力学的初步概念与化学平衡一、要点1．化学热力学把热力学的理论、原理、规律以及研究方法，用之于研究化学现象就产生了化学热力学。

它可以解决化学反应中的能量问题、化学反应的方向问题，以及化学反应进行的程度问题。

2．系统与环境系统曾称体系，指化学直接研究的对象，与系统密切相关的部分或与系统相互影响所可及的部分称为环境。

两者之间可以交换物质或能量，据此可把系统分为：①敞开系统：系统和环境之间可以有能量和物质的交换；②封闭系统：系统和环境之间只有能量的交换，而不能有物质的交换；③孤立系统：系统和环境之间既无能量的交换，也无物质的交换。

3．状态和状态函数系统的所有客观性质的综合表现即为系统的状态。

描述系统状态的物理量称之为状态函数。

状态定，状态函数定，即有一定的值；状态变，状态函数的值变。

4．过程和途径系统的状态发生了任意的变化，就说系统发生了一个过程。

分别发生在等温条件下、压强一定条件下和绝热条件下的系统的变化，分别称为“等温过程”、“等压过程”和“绝热过程”。

系统由始态到终态的变化，可经由不同的方式完成，这不同方式即为“途径”。

5．热和功系统和环境间因温度差别引起能量交换，这种被传递的能量称为“热”，用符号Q表示。

并规定当系统吸热时，Q为正值，即Q > 0或ΔQ > 0，放热时Q为负值，即Q < 0或∆Q < 0。

除此之外，其他在系统和环境之间被传递的能量均叫做“功”，用符号W表示。

并规定当系统对环境做功时，W < 0，反之W > 0。

6．热化学研究物质化学和物理变化过程中热效应的学科叫做热化学。

即对于伴随着化学反应和状态的变化而发生的热的变化的测量、解释和分析。

7．热量计用来测量化学反应热效应的装置。

常用的有测量物质恒容燃烧能的弹式热量计，测量物质恒压反应热等热效应的各种微量热量计和测量物质热容的各种低温热量计。

8．热容指物体温度升高1K所需的热量，单位为J·K-1。

Ⅰ. Match the examples on the left with the correct meaning of the underlined prefixes on the right.Ⅱ. Choose a word from the examples in ExerciseⅠto fill each gap. Write it in the correct form.1.We were all surprised when the king ______________________in favour of his son.2.I was so sad to hear of your uncle’s death. Please give your aunt my _____________.3.After his operation, the patient was fed ____________for several days.4.After four years in the company, he was finally _____________to senior manager.5.If the pilot presses this button, he _____________himself from the plane.6.We asked for _____________rooms at the hotel but they actually put us on differentfloors.7.It’s such a small island that most of the families there are _______________.8.The machine has started ________________ a strange, high-pitched sound.9.A lot of small businesses these days are finding it hard to stay _____________.10.D o you believe that there are ________________beings in outer space?Ⅲ. Match the roots from box A with suitable suffixes from box B to create new words. Use each root and suffix once only.A.B.Ⅳ. Complete these sentences using the suffixes from box B in exerciseⅢ. Use each suffix once only.1.She’s a highly ambitious, career-___________young woman.2.If you want to go swimming with a watch on it will have be water__________.3.He was guilt-__________ when he realized it was all his fault.4.Hilary’s a trust________________ person. I can think of no one better for the job.5.The British are thought to be more class-____________ than the Americans.6.Three staff-______________ protests have taken place in the company in the lastfew months.7.Sugar-_________ chewing gum is better for your teeth than the sugary stuff.8.Athletes often follow a protein-_________ diet to help build their muscles.9.I don’t want to discuss work-__________ issues outside of office hours.10.I don’t really think the new plan is work______________.。