华为安防：云时代的安防监控发展白皮书

华为安防调研报告根据我对华为安防公司的调研，我对其进行了以下总结：华为安防公司作为一家全球知名的安防解决方案提供商，致力于为用户提供高质量的安防产品和服务。

公司在技术创新、产品研发、行业合作等方面具有显著的优势。

首先，华为安防公司在技术创新方面取得了突出的成就。

公司拥有强大的研发团队，致力于推动安防领域的技术进步。

他们持续不断地进行技术创新，不断推出新的产品和解决方案。

特别是在人工智能、云计算、大数据分析等方面，华为安防公司积极探索并应用这些先进技术，为用户提供更加智能化、高效率的安防服务。

其次，华为安防公司的产品质量过硬。

公司始终将用户需求放在首位，致力于为用户提供优质的产品和解决方案。

华为安防产品具有高度的稳定性和可靠性，在技术性能、防护能力等方面表现出色。

尤其是在视频监控、门禁系统等领域，华为安防产品具有广泛的应用，并获得了良好的用户口碑。

此外，华为安防公司与各行各业的合作伙伴广泛合作，形成了良好的合作生态系统。

公司与其他安防企业、IT巨头、行业协会等建立了合作关系，共同推动安防行业的发展。

通过借鉴其他行业的先进经验和技术，华为安防公司不断提高自身的技术实力和市场竞争力。

然而，华为安防公司也面临一些挑战。

首先，市场竞争激烈，公司需要保持技术优势和产品品质，以吸引更多的用户。

其次，随着技术的快速发展，安防行业也在不断变化，公司需要密切关注市场需求的变化，并及时调整自身的战略和产品布局。

综上所述，华为安防公司作为一家全球知名的安防解决方案提供商，在技术创新、产品质量和合作伙伴等方面具有明显的优势。

尽管面临一些挑战，但公司在实现持续增长和市场份额方面表现出了良好的潜力和前景。

希望在未来，华为安防公司能够继续保持领先地位，为用户提供更加先进和高品质的安防产品和服务。

引言概述：IT运维监控系统是公司或组织中至关重要的一部分，它能够实时监测、管理和维护IT系统的性能和稳定性。

本白皮书将详细阐述IT运维监控系统的重要性，以及其中包括的五个主要方面：监控需求分析、监控策略定义、监控系统实施、监控系统集成和监控系统运维，以帮助读者更好地理解和应用IT运维监控系统。

正文内容：1.监控需求分析a.确定监控目标：了解业务需求，确定监控对象、监控级别和关键性能指标。

b.确定监控范围：评估现有系统及网络基础设施，并确定需要监控的硬件、软件和网络设备。

c.确定监控频率：根据业务需求和系统重要性，确定监控频率，平衡监控精度与系统开销。

d.确定告警机制：制定告警策略，包括告警级别、告警通知方式和告警处理流程。

2.监控策略定义a.数据采集与分析：选择合适的监控工具，采集关键性能指标，并通过数据分析找出潜在问题。

b.健康状态指标定义：定义合适的健康状态指标，用于判断系统和网络设备的工作状态。

c.容量规划与性能优化：通过监控系统，收集系统负载和性能数据，为容量规划和性能优化提供依据。

d.日志记录和归档：建立日志记录机制，保存关键事件与操作，以助于系统故障的排查和整改。

3.监控系统实施a.系统选型：通过评估不同监控系统的功能和性能，选择最适合企业需求的监控系统。

b.设备部署：根据监控需求分析结果，合理布置监控设备，确保全面覆盖和高效运行。

c.数据接口配置：与现有系统进行集成和接口配置，确保数据的准确性和实时性。

d.用户权限管理：建立合理的权限管理机制，限制用户访问和操作的范围，保护系统安全性。

4.监控系统集成a.与运维管理系统集成：将监控系统与运维管理系统集成，实现故障自动报修和工单处理。

b.与服务管理系统集成：将监控系统与服务管理系统集成，建立自动化的服务交付和运维流程。

c.与安全管理系统集成：将监控系统与安全管理系统集成，实现实时威胁检测和漏洞管理。

d.与设备管理系统集成：将监控系统与设备管理系统集成，实现设备信息的自动采集和管理。

Huawei CloudCampus Switch PoETechnology White PaperHuawei CloudCampus Switch PoE Technology White Paper ContentsContents1 Overview (1)2 PoE Device Power Supply Modes (3)3 PoE Device Power-On Process (5)4 PoE Device Power Management (6)5 Perpetual PoE and Fast PoE (8)6 PoE Transmission Distance (9)6.1 Implementation of 200-Meter PoE Power Supply (9)6.2 Additional Description of 200-Meter PoE Power Supply (9)1 OverviewPower over Ethernet (PoE) is a technology that provides power along the 10BASE-T,100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T, 2.5GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, or other Ethernet cables. PoE caneffectively provide centralized power for terminals such as IP phones, WLAN Access Points(APs), chargers of portable devices, Point of Sale (POS) machines, cameras, and datacollection devices. Terminals are PoE-powered when they access the network; therefore,the indoor cabling of power supply is not required.A PoE system consists of Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) and Powered Devices (PDs). APSE provides power, and a PD receives power from the PSE. As shown in Figure 1-1, the PoEswitch functions as a PSE, and terminals such as IP phones, WLAN APs, and cameras arePDs.Figure 1-1 Diagram of a PoE systemPoE technology facilitates installation and management, and ensures security and stability.It is widely used in scenarios such as home applications, WLAN construction, securityprotection, retail, and entertainment.Currently, IEEE 802.3af-compliant PoE provides a maximum of 15.4 W power, while IEEE802.3at-compliant PoE+ delivers up to 30 W power.Nowadays, new service types and terminals are constantly emerging, which require higherPoE input power. To meet this trend, Huawei has actively engaged in the formulation of theIP phone WLAN AP IP camera PC TV PoE SwitchPSEPDIEEE 802.3bt standard (also known as PoE++). In compliance with IEEE 802.3bt (draft), Huawei has developed and launched many PoE++ switches that provide a maximum of 60 W power.The following table describes detailed performance parameters of PoE, PoE+, and PoE++ functions.*Remarks: A Huawei PoE++ port provides up to 66 W output power. After transmission over a 100-meter standard Cate5E cable, the maximum power available at PDs is 54 W.PoE has many advantages, including the following:●Reliable: Multiple PDs are powered by one device, facilitating power backup.●Easy to deploy: Network terminals can be powered over network cables, without a need forexternal power sources.●Standards-compliant: PoE complies with IEEE 802.3af, IEEE 802.3at, and IEEE 802.3btstandards, and uses globally uniform power interfaces. This capability ensures easy networking with PDs of different vendors.2 PoE Device Power Supply Modes According to the IEEE standard, a PSE is mainly used to provide power to PDs. There are two kinds of PSEs: Midspan PSE (the PoE module is installed out of the device) and Endpoint PSE (the PoE module is integrated into the device).Huawei PoE-capable switches support built-in PoE modules and therefore belong to Endpoint PSEs. The Endpoint PSE is compatible with 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T, 2.5GE BASE-T, 5GE BASE-T, and 10GE BASE-T interfaces. Therefore, the Endpoint PSE is more widely used than the Midspan PSE.The Endpoint PSE can provide power using two methods: Alternative A (data pairs 1/2 and3/6) and Alternative B (data pairs 4/5 and 7/8).●Alternative A: power supply through the data pairsThe PSE supplies power to PDs through data pairs 1/2 and 3/6. The data pair 1/2 acts as the positive polarity, and the data pair 3/6 acts as the negative polarity. 10BASE-T and100BASE-T interfaces use data pairs 1/2 and 3/6 to transmit data, while 1000BASE-T interfaces use all the four data pairs (1/2, 3/6, 4/5, and 7/8) to transmit data. As DC power and data are transmitted on different frequencies, it is possible to simultaneously transmit power and data over the same wire pairs.Figure 2-1Endpoint PSE, Alternative A●Alternative B: power supply through the spare pairsThe PSE supplies power to PDs through spare pairs 4/5 and 7/8. The spare pair 4/5 acts as the positive polarity, and the spare pair 7/8 acts as the negative polarity.Generally speaking, a standard PD must support both Alternative A and Alternative B modes. However, the PSE is allowed to support only one of the two modes.Huawei PoE-capable switches can function as the PSE, and IEEE 802.3bt-compliant switch models can provide PoE++ power supply and support both the Alternative A and Alternative B modes. However, other switch models, namely those complying with IEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at, support only the Alternative A mode.Figure 2-2Endpoint PSE, Alternative B3 PoE Device Power-On ProcessThe following describes the PoE device power-on sequence:1.Detection of PDs: The PSE periodically transmits a low voltage with a limited currentthrough its ports to detect PDs. If the PSE detects a resistance with a specified value, PDs that comply with IEEE 802.3af, IEEE 802.3at, or IEEE 802.3bt are connected to the PSE.2.Negotiation of power supply capability: The PSE classifies PDs and negotiates powersupply capability with PDs. Two methods are available to negotiate power supplycapability: resolving the detected resistance value or using the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).3.Start of power supply: In less than 15 microseconds, the PSE starts to provide a lowvoltage to PDs, which is then raised to 48 V DC.4.Normal power supply: After the voltage is reached to 48 V, the PSE provides stable andreliable 48 V DC power to PDs. The power available at PDs does not exceed 30 W when the PSE supports PoE and PoE+; the power available at PDs does not exceed 60 W if the PSE also supports PoE++, in addition to PoE and PoE+.5.Disconnection of power supply: While power is being supplied, the PSE continuouslydetects the input current of PDs. The PSE cuts off the power supply to PDs and re-enters the PD detection procedure when the current of the PDs is reduced to theminimum value or increased sharply in the following situations:−The PDs are removed.−The PDs are short-circuited.−The power consumed at the PDs exceeds the power supply load of the PSE.4 PoE Device Power Management Huawei switches provide real-time power management functions that can implement management based on the real-time power of PDs.For example, if a customer chooses a Huawei PoE switch, the 24 ports on this switch support PoE/PoE+ power supply, with 370 W PoE in total. This switch does not invariably deliver 30 W for each port; instead, it manages the PoE power output of its ports based on the power consumption of PDs.You can refer to the following table to calculate how many ports can provide PoE/PoE+ power.Huawei switches provide two power supply management modes: automatic and manual.●Automatic modeA Huawei switch (as the PSE) automatically powers on and off PDs based on power supply priorities of ports. The power supply priority of ports can be set to critical, high, or low, depending on the importance of PDs connected to the ports. When the output power approximates to the full capacity of the PSE, the PSE provides power first for the PDs connected to the ports of the critical priority and then for those connected to the ports of the high priority.In the case of the same priority, Huawei S5720-EI series PoE switches preferentially provide power for the PDs connected to the ports with smaller port IDs. Other series of PoE switches of Huawei supply power based on the power-on time sequence of PDs.●Manual modeUsers can manually power on and off the PDs connected to ports. In manual mode, no power supply priority is configured. Powering on or off the PDs connected to a single portdoes not affect the PoE power supply on the other ports. When the output power approximates to the full capacity of the PSE, new PDs cannot be powered on. (PoE++ switches do not support this manual mode. For details, see the product documentation.)Huawei CloudCampus Switch PoE Technology White Paper 5 Perpetual PoE and Fast PoE5 Perpetual PoE and Fast PoEHuawei switches support the perpetual PoE technology to deliver uninterrupted PoE powersupply. A Huawei switch does not stop supplying power to PDs even when a switch card isreset by running the reboot command. This capability ensures that PDs are not powered offduring the switch reboot, eliminating the fault-triggered interruption accordingly. Huaweimodular switches currently do not support perpetual PoE.Huawei switches also support the fast PoE technology to ensure fast power supply. Huaweiswitches can supply power to PDs within 10s after they are powered on. This is differentfrom common switches that generally take 1 to 3 minutes to start to supply power to PDs.Huawei's fast PoE capability greatly shortens the service interruption time caused by powersupply interruption, and enables the switch and PDs to start almost at the same time. Thatis, after the switch is fully started, PDs can immediately get powered and function properly.Note: Both Huawei PoE++ switches and a few PoE switches support the fast PoEtechnology. For details, see the product documentation.6 PoE Transmission Distance6.1 Implementation of 200-Meter PoE Power SupplySignal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the most important indicator for data transmission ofelectrical interfaces. To support a longer transmission distance, the SNR loss of the entirelink must be reduced as much as possible.There are multiple components and media on the transmission link of electrical interfaces,mainly including PHY chips, PCBs, interface connectors, and network cables on both ends.Huawei PoE switches have optimized SNR parameters, so that their Multi-GE electricalinterfaces support a maximum transmission distance of 200 m when they are connected tospecific Huawei APs.Detailed optimization measures include the following:●Huawei uses shielded network cables to support a maximum transmission distance of200 m. This is because the crosstalk between copper cables is serious when unshieldednetwork cables are bundled together, which has the largest impact on the SNR.Shielded network cables can be used to optimize SNR parameters.●Huawei tests the anti-interference capability of the PHY chips provided by vendors toensure that each PHY chip supports a maximum transmission distance of 200 m.Additionally, Huawei requests vendors to customize PHY driver software according toHuawei's requirements to optimize SNR parameters over a long transmission distance.●Huawei improves various signal attenuation indicators of connectors used by interfacesthat support a maximum transmission distance of 200 m to optimize SNR parameters.●Cabling from PHY chips to interface connectors must be well designed to avoid thecrosstalk between interfaces. To this end, Huawei explicitly specifies cablingrequirements in order to achieve a maximum transmission distance of 200 m.6.2 Additional Description of 200-Meter PoE Power SupplyA few Huawei PoE++ switches support a maximum transmission distance of 200 m. Otherswitch models support a maximum transmission distance of 100 m.In the case of PoE power supply distance of 200 m, the following restrictions apply:●The switches can only be connected to APs of the specified models, namely, APs with2.5GE uplinks.●Supported PoE power supply standards include 60 W PoE++, 30 W PoE+, and 15.4 wPoE. There is a 5 W power loss per 100 m.●The maximum PoE power supply distance can reach 200 m only when the followingnetwork cables are used.−Cat5E STP−Cat6 STP−Cat6A F/UTP−Cat6A STP−Cat7A few Huawei PoE++ switches can be connected to Huawei cameras over a long distance. When ports of these switches work at the 100 Mbit/s rate, the maximum transmission distance can be 200 m. When ports of these switches work at the 10 Mbit/s rate, the maximum transmission distance can be 250 m.●When the transmission distance exceeds 100 m, cables of Cat5E or higher categorymust be used.Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base Bantian,Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of ChinaWebsite: Trademarks and Permissionsand other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied.The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure。

HiSec@CloudFabric解决方案技术白皮书目录1 方案背景 (1)1.1 云安全风险分析 (1)1.2 云计算业务特点与业务需求 (1)1.3 安全需求总结 (2)1.4 方案价值 (2)2 方案概述 (3)2.1 方案架构 (3)3 方案介绍 (5)3.1 安全服务化 (5)3.1.1 方案概述 (5)3.1.2 方案设计 (5)3.1.2.1 方案架构 (5)3.1.2.2 安全资源池 (7)3.1.2.3 租户级安全服务 (8)3.1.2.3.1 业务链编排 (8)3.1.2.3.2 V AS服务类型 (11)3.1.2.3.3 V AS服务使用场景 (11)3.2 网安一体化联动方案 (13)3.2.1 方案概述 (13)3.2.2 数据采集 (14)3.2.3 威胁检测 (16)3.2.3.1 WEB异常检测原理 (17)3.2.3.2 邮件异常检测原理 (17)3.2.3.3 C&C异常检测原理 (17)3.2.3.4 流量基线异常检测原理 (17)3.2.3.5 隐蔽通道异常检测原理 (18)3.2.3.6 恶意文件检测原理 (18)3.2.3.7 关联分析原理 (18)3.2.3.8 威胁判定原理 (19)3.2.3.9 云端威胁情报 (19)3.2.4 联动闭环 (19)3.2.4.1 保护网段 (19)3.2.4.2 威胁闭环 (19)3.2.4.2.1 主机隔离 (20)3.2.4.2.2 基于IP阻断 (20)4 典型部署场景 (21)4.1 网安一体联动典型部署场景 (21)4.2 网安一体联动（软件墙）典型部署场景 (22)1方案背景1.1 云安全风险分析1.2 云计算业务特点与业务需求1.3 安全需求总结1.4 方案价值1.1 云安全风险分析虽然云计算给用户提供了一种新型的计算、网络、存储环境，但是在系统和应用上提供的服务等方面却并未发生革命性的改变。

华为云计算解决方案白皮书
摘要
本文旨在介绍华为云计算解决方案的背景和优势、核心技术以及业务应用。

华为云解决方案是一套完整的计算服务，包括基础架构、网络、存储、虚拟化、数据分析、安全、云应用等服务。

华为提供的云解决方案旨在帮助组织实现数字化转型，以支持企业和政府，基于云的计算服务提供可靠、安全、高效、可扩展的环境。

引言
当今数字化环境中，计算服务是企业数字化转型的核心支撑。

传统管理模式由于其高度庞大的基础架构，极限的可扩展性和费用敏感的管理模式而变得更加低效。

当前的企业经营环境要求更具可伸缩性、管理灵活性和即时性的计算服务，以满足企业的发展需求。

面对这些挑战，华为提供的云计算解决方案是一种完全可靠和可扩展的云计算服务，为企业提供安全、高效、轻量级的计算服务，支持企业数字化转型，实现企业的可持续发展。

华为云解决方案的背景和优势
随着近年来科技的快速发展，越来越多的企业开始采用云计算技术，使企业更加灵活有效地运行和管理。

根据国际计算机安全协会（ISC）的调查，超过60％的大型企业和组织正在采用云计算技术来支持其业务运作。

安全防范白皮书摘要在当今数字化时代，信息安全已经成为人们关心的焦点。

无论是企业还是个人，都必须时刻保护自己的隐私和资料。

安全防范措施需要综合各方面因素，例如：技术、设备、制度、管理等。

本文将从这些方面出发，为读者介绍在数字时代下的安全防范。

技术密码安全为确保账户的安全性，我们需要使用强密码。

在选择密码时，应注意以下几点：1.长度：密码长度应在8至16位之间，而且必须包含数字、字母和特殊字符。

2.复杂度：密码应该避免使用生日、电话号码、名字等容易破解的信息，并且每个网站的密码都应该不同。

3.定期更换：密码应该定期更改，至少每三个月更新一次。

网络防御在日常生活和工作中，我们需要时刻保持重要资料和数据的安全。

为了使企业和个人信息更加安全，我们需要使用一些网络安全防御工具，例如：1.防病毒软件：电脑、手机、平板、路由器等网路设备都可以安装病毒软件，防止恶意病毒对你的设备造成危害。

2.防火墙：软件或硬件的防火墙可以阻止未经授权的访问，保护你的私人信息以及公司数据。

3.加密技术：加密器可以在传输信息的过程中保持信息的机密性，使未经授权访问者无法解密信息。

4.虚拟私人网络（VPN）：VPN通常用于连接公共WiFi的情况下，来建立一个安全的网络连接。

设备电脑设备从电脑设备层面完善安全管理是至关重要的。

以下是一些基本措施：1.安装防病毒软件：正版的防病毒软件可以预防各种病毒和恶意软件的感染，保证设备的安全性。

2.安装操作系统和更新驱动程序：不安装无风险的操作系统，不更新设备的驱动程序可能存在一个或多个漏洞，会对计算机进行攻击，从而造成安全漏洞。

3.关闭不需要的服务端口：关闭不用的网络服务端口，可以减少被攻击的风险。

移动设备随着移动设备的普及，越来越多的人们使用手机、平板等智能设备。

以下是一些基本措施：1.启用设备锁：设备锁包括图案、密码、指纹识别等多种解锁方式，这些方法可以让你的设备更安全，防止他人用不正当的手段接触你的设备。

安防管理平台技术白皮书及说明书两篇篇一：安防集成综合监控管理平台技术白皮书1 平台概述1.1 背景需求如今，人们已不再满足于仅仅建设独立的视频监控、门禁控制和防范报警系统，如何将这些系统完美地融合在一起，发挥出1+1+1>3的作用，成为新的关注点。

由此，构建一个开放式安防集成平台的呼声也日益增大。

安防系统的集成一直是业主、集成商、工程商追求的一个目标，安防的集成可以给用户带来很多的好处，也体现了安防信息时代的一个大趋势；同时也是一个项目难点，因为安防系统主要包括防盗报警系统、闭路电视监控系统、门禁系统，同时可能根据项目需要还要与其它子系统进行集成，各个子系统，可能来自不同的厂家，相互之间的接口、协议互联互通等问题都是安防集成的障碍。

安防集成平台可以简单地理解为，在同一平台上对各子系统进行集中的控制和管理，集成平台根据各子系统产生的信息变化情况，让各子系统作出相应协调动作，从而达到信息的交换、共享和处理等等。

但是目前由于技术和市场的原因，目前视频监控、门禁控制和报警主机系统大多采用专有的通讯协议实现内部的数据传递，软件架构采用封闭的模型，对外缺乏符合国际标准的第三方接口，造成了各子系统之间无法实现信息的共享更谈不上联动、互操作了。

统一的安防集成管理平台是完善安全管理机制的必然选择，客观上要求各子系统在集成平台全局性管理指导下，有条不紊的执行各种复杂的指令动作，充分发挥1+1+1>3的系统集成合力。

1.2 设计思路IPS安防集成平台是我公司研发人员历经多年探索和钻研，结合大量的成功安防工程案例开发完成的大型安防集成综合管理平台，秉持了传统与技术进步兼容并蓄的理念，按照信息化理论和软件工程的思想，充分深入用户的需求，系统不仅架构完整、易于组建大型安防集成系统，能够接入市场上主流的DVR/DVS/IP Camera、门禁主机与报警主机。

IPS安防集成平台将GIS技术引入安防管理领域。

地理信息系统可将视频监控、门禁控制、防盗/入侵/周界报警等各种信息与地理空间位置很好地结合在一起，图文并茂、简捷直观。