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need和dare用法小结

最近的一次考试中出现了这么一道题：

After the glasses fell to the ground and broke, the little boy his grandma about that.

A. dare not tell

B. dare not telling

C. dare not to tell

D. didn’t dare tell

答案选D。可90%的学生都选了A。这一现象引起了笔者的关注。情态动词一直都是高中英语语法中的重难点，而其中的need和dare是难点中的难点。因为这两个单词有其独特性，它们既可以作情态动词又可以用作实义动词。学生对此掌握得一直不到位。笔者根据自己多年的教学经验，现将其归纳如下：

一、need（必须、需要）的用法

1、need用作情态动词

作情态动词，need一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，也没有时态的变化，后接动词原形。

例如：I needn’t finish my homework today.

Need you go now? (请注意回答语：Yes, I must. / No, I needn’t.) *“needn’t have done”表示“本不必做而做了”

You needn’t have watered the flowers, because I watered them just now.

There is a lot of time left. We needn’t have taken a taxi.

2、need用作实义动词

作实义动词，need可用于任何句子中，并且有人称、数和时态的变化，后接名词、代词和动词不定式。

例如：I need a new car.

We need to finish our homework today.

need还有一个特殊的用法：need doing=need to be done (此用法相当于want 和require)

例如：The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. 这些花需要浇水。

*didn’t need to do（不必做而没做）

needn’t have done（本不必做而做了）

--- You d idn’t wait for him last night, did you?

---No, and we ____. He didn’t return home at all.

A couldn’t have

B didn’t need to

C needn’t have

D needn’t

解析：didn’t need to 表示过去没有做而实际上也没有必要

needn’t have (waited) 过去做了而实际上没有必要。

二、dare（敢）的用法

1、dare用作情态动词

作情态动词，dare一般用于否定句和疑问句中，没有人称和数的变化，但是有过去时（dared），后接动词原形。

例如：I dare not go out alone at night. 晚上我不敢一个人出去。

I dared not go out alone last night. 昨晚我不敢一个人出去。

Miss Zhao asked me if I dared sleep alone.

If you ever dare call me that name again, you’ll be sorry.

你胆敢再那样叫我, 你会后悔的。

How dare he say such rude things about me?

一般将来时用法及专项练习

一般将来时用法及专项练习一、一般将来时的动词形式一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。但是现在第一人称一般也用will，其区别并不明显。（或“be going to + 动词原形）常与tomorrow, next… , in （the）future，soon, in five days，in two weeks等连用。如: I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.如明天下雨我就不来。 My father will leave for China next week.我的爸爸下星期要到中国去。 “I’ll, You’ll, He’ll , She’ll , It’ll, We’ll , They’ll …”是简缩形式。二．一般将来时的句型 1.肯定句：主语+shall /will+动词+其他成份 The workers will build a new school here next year.工人们明年将在这儿盖一所新学校。 They will go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午他们将要去购物。 We shall have a delicious dinner tonight. 今晚我们将美餐一顿。 We shall be there before dark. 我们天黑前会到达那里。 2.否定句：主语+shall /will not+动词+其他成份 She won’t come back this week.这一周她不回来了。 I will not go shopping one hour later. 一小时之后我不会去购物。 He won’t play football with you before he finishes his work.他干完活后才能跟你踢足球。 3.疑问句：shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份 Will you be back in ten minutes? 十分钟后你会回来吗？ Will you please open the window? 请你打开窗户好吗？ Shall we get something hot to drink? 我们喝一些热饮怎么样？ 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份 Where will you go next week? 下星期你去哪? What shall I do? 我怎么办呢? How many books will they get? 他们将有多少本书？三．will, be going to …, be to…, be about to…的区别 1.be going to +不定式，表示将来。表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。be going to和will相比，be going to通常表示主观，will 通常表示客观。 What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你要做什么？ Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看看这些黑云，将有一场暴风雨。 It’s going to be a fine day tomorrow.明天将会是个好天。 It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 2.“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。这种结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 We are to have a meeting next Saturday. 下个周日我们有个会。 The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 这个男孩明天要去上学。 Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？ The president is to visit China next week.总统下周来访中国。 3.“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。这一结构用于表示客观就要发生的事，表示马上就要发生。一般不再与时间状语连用。 Don’t go out. We’re about to have a meeting. 别出去了,我们很快就开会了。 I was about to start when it began to rain.我刚要出发就下起雨来了。 He is about to leave for Shenyang.他将要离开去沈阳。 We are about to leave. 我们马上就走。 The film is about to begin. 电影马上就要开始了。四．注意事项 1. be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 2. Let’s …的附加疑问通常使用“…, shall we ?”。 Let’s have a rest, shall we? 3. 问句是“Shall…?”，答句就用“shall ~”；问句用“Will …？”，答句就用“will ~ ”。要前后保持一致。 Shall you go to school next week ? Yes, I shall. We’ll have an exam . Will you have an exam tomorrow? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t. 一般将来时专项练习一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? –No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. –Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。） A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. –Where is the morning paper? –I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain

would rather, rather than 与other than 用法总结Microsoft Word 文档

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need 用法

一．用作实义动词作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does. 1．need sth. 这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如： 1). We need a great deal of money now. 我们需要和多钱。 2). They don’t it any more. 他们不再需要它了。 3). Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗? 2．need doing 与need to be done need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； ②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： 4). The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 5). Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 3．need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如： 6). What do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？ 7). Will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？ 8). You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你妈妈。二．用作情态动词作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征： ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化； ②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。 ③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如： 9). Need I type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？ 10). There is enough time. You n eedn’t hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。 11). The president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。 12). ---Must I hand in my homework now? 现在我必须交作业吗？ ---No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。

英语一般将来时用法总结(完整)

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morethanotherthanratherthan之钻石题组(教师版)

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need的用法

创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX 创作者：别如克* Need(需要) 的用法 1.Need作为实义动词有人称、数和时态的变化（在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词）（1)当主语是人时，后可接名词和动词不定式，即：need sth./ need to do sth. Eg: He needs some help. It's cold outside. You need to wear more clothes. Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。 Eg: You don't need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。（2)当主语为物时，后接名词或v-ing. Eg: The flowers need water. 这些花需要水。 The flowers need watering.这些花需要浇水。 2.need作为情态动词

（注：情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，即need作为情态动词时，后面必须跟动词原形）无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Eg: You needn't go this week.这周你不必去。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't。Eg: -------Need I come? -------Yes, you must./ No, you needn't 注：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to Eg: --------- Must I go now? -------- Yes, you must. No, you needn't/don't have to. 创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX 创作者：别如克*

Would rather 用法小结

Would rather 用法小结文/郭李强一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式其否定形式是would rather not do sth. would rather没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would rather.“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式，美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。例：Mr. Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 Sh e’d rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。二、如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿……而不愿……，与其……宁可……”的意思时，则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型例: I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。请注意: 1) would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为：rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than 后的动词可以省略。例：He would rather drink tea than coffee．他喜欢喝茶而不喜欢咖啡。 Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作，他宁愿放弃。 2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。例：I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。三、在疑问句式中，would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前例：Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉？ Would you rather read a novel than read a poem? 你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗？四、would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。例：John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来) We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。 Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。2）如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。例：I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods．他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner 之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。例：Tom would rather/sooner read than talk．汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 Tom prefers reading to talking．汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。

need用法小结

need用法小结一、用作情态动词表示必要，后接动词原形，即：need + do 1. 通常用在疑问句、否定句中。疑问式：Need +主语+ do… 否定式：needn’t + do Need you go yet 你一定要去吗 No, I needn’t. 不一定要去。 You needn’t clean the house now. 你不必现在打扫房子。 2. need引导的疑问句，肯定回答要用must。 —Need I call him up now 我需要现在给他打电话吗 —Yes, you must．是的，需要打。 —No, you needn’t．不，不需要现在打。 3. need have done 的否定式或疑问式，表示“做了不必做的事”。 needn’t have done sth 本不必做某事(事实上却做了) Need +主语+ have done sth 当时非得做某事吗 You needn’t have told him because I had already told him about it . 你本没必要告诉他，因为我已经告诉他这件事了。 Need you have sold the house 你那时非得把房子卖掉吗二、用作实义动词表示需要(require, want, lack)或义务。 1. 可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。肯定：need + to do sth 否定：don’t / doesn’t /didn’t need + to do sth 疑问：do +主语+ need to do sth I need to consult a dictionary. 我需要查词典。 Does she need to do the cooking 她需要做饭吗 Yes, she does.是的，她需要做饭。 No, she doesn’t.不，她不必做饭。 She doesn’t need to do the cooking. 她不必做饭。 2. need + 名词 They need my love and care. 他们需要我的关爱。 3. need doing表示被动含义。 The clothes need washing.这些衣服需要洗了。

一般将来时用法小结

一般将来时用法小结：一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。一 . 一般将来时的构成： 1. 由助动词“ shall/ will ＋动词原形”构成， shall 用于第一人称， will 用于第二、第三人称， 2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式：一般将来时的否定形式是 will not ，缩写为 won't; shall not ，缩写为 shan't 。一般将来时的疑问形式是把 will/ shall 提到主语前。如： He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。 Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗？二 . 一般将来时的基本用法： 1.表示“纯粹的将来”：①表示将要发生的动作或情况，常带有表示将来的时间状语，如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如： It will be fine tomorrow.明天天气晴朗。②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如：You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药，你就会感觉好些的。③表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作，本用法中的 will 要重读。如： Boys will be boys. ［谚语］男孩毕竟是男孩。 2. 表示“带有情态意义的将来”，用来表示意图，用 will 来表示。如： I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。 I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will. 今天下午我不想去购物，但她想去。 will 在疑问句中，用来表示有礼貌地征询对方的意见。如：Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝点茶？What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我们要干什么？三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法： 1. 用 be going to 表示be going to 相当于一个助动词，与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语，表

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