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2011高考英语一轮复习核心考点突破:单项填空_介词连词[1]2

2011高考英语一轮复习核心考点突破:单项填空_介词连词[1]2
2011高考英语一轮复习核心考点突破:单项填空_介词连词[1]2

核心考点突破

考点1介词的分类与语法功能

1.介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。

介词分为:简单介词,如at,in,for等;

合成介词,如within,inside,onto,throughout等;

短语介词,如according to,out of,because of,by means of,in spite of,instead of等;

双重介词,如from behind/above/under,until after等;

分词介词,如considering,including,judging(from/by)等。

2.介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。如:

This machine is in good condition.(表语)

Where is the key to my bike?(定语)

Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语)

She always thinks herself above others.(宾补)

考点2介词搭配

1.“动词+介词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。

(1)rob sb.of sth./clear the road of snow 表示“夺去、除去”的动词与of 连用。

(2)supply us with food/ fill the glass with wine 表示“供给”的动词与with连用。

(3)make a desk of wood/ make bread from flour/ make the material into a coat表示“制作、制造”与of,from,into连用。

(4)介词+the+部位与动词的关系=动词+sb.’s+部位

strike him on the head表示“击,拍,碰,摸”与on连用。

catch him by the arm表示“抓,拉,拿,扯”与by连用。

hit the boy in the face表示“肚,胸,眼,脸”等人体前部与in连用。

(5)say to sb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper与“对象”连用必须用to)不可说suggest sb.sth.。

同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。如:

look for“寻找”/to“眺望”/at“看”,

agree with sb./on sth./to sth. “同意……”,

call for“需要”/on“拜访”/in“请”,

hear of“听说”/from“收到信”

同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异。如:

reply to the letter“回信”,sing (dance) to the music“和……唱(跳)”,

amount to “达到,加起来有……”,devote to“把……贡献给”,

drink to“为……干杯”,object to“反对”,

look forward to “渴望”,come to“苏醒”,

belong to“属于”,search for“搜……”,

ask...for...“寻找”,use...for“用作”,

leave for“前往”,take...for“误以为”,call of“倡导”,

wait for“等待”,care for“喜欢”,make up for“弥补损失”,

turn to“求助(救)于”,help oneself to“随意”,agree to“同意”,

compare...to“把……比作”,send for“派人去请(拿)……”,sail for“驶向,航向”,

set out for“动身去”,go in for“爱好……”。

2.常见“形容词+介词”搭配。

be afraid for “替……而担心”,be afraid of“担心……”,

be angry about /at sth.,be angry with sb. “对某事生气”,

be different from“与……不同”,be different to...“不关心……”,

be anxious for sth.“渴望……”,be anxious about sth./sb. “担心……”,

be tired of“讨厌”,be tired from/with“因……疲倦”,

be strict with sb. “对某人严格”,be strict in sth.“对某事要求严格”,

be good at“擅长”,be good for“对……有益”,

be popular with sb.“受……欢迎”,be popular in some place“流行”,be popular for...“因……而流行”,Be helpful to“对……有帮助”,be familia r with“熟悉”,be familiar to“为……熟知(悉)”,

be sorry for...“替……后悔”,be disappointed at sth.“对……失望”,be absent from“缺席”

be rich in“富有……”,be worthy of“值得的”,be glad about sth.for sb.“为某人某事高兴”,

be far from“离……远”,be grateful for sth.to sb.“为某事感激某人”,

be free from“没有……(免除……)”,be proud of(take pride in)“自豪”,

be satisfied with (by)“满意”,be sure of/about“确信”,

be fond of“喜欢”,be fit for“适合”,be busy with sth.(in doing sth.)“忙着干某事”,

be full of“充满”,be ready for“准备”,be similar to“相似”,be wrong with“不对;有毛病……”

这些搭配还有很多,而且都是固定的,要熟练掌握,达到自然而然就能运用。

3.“名词+介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。如:

the absence of water“缺水”,the hope of success“成功的希望”,

have a chance of(for)entering college“上大学的机会”,take pride in them“为他们感到骄傲”,

the key to the question“问题的答案”, a medicine for cough“治咳嗽的药”,

the ticket for tomor row“明天的票”,his absence in Beijing“去了北京”,

his absence from Beijing“不在北京”

考点3核心介词用法归纳与辨析

1.表示时间的介词in的用法如下。表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in,如:in the 1990s,in January,in(the)winter

in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。如:in the night,during the night,in the war,during the war。但略有区别:当接表示“活动”的抽象名词时多用during,接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in。如:during the discussion/in discussing the problem during her stay in Hubei/in playing basketball/during the course of/in digging the tunnel

2.在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕,常用on。

3.表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。

有些时间名词前有one,each,any,every,some,all,next,last,that修饰时,不接介词。如:that day,next Sunday some day,one day

4.till、until、to的用法。

(1)till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中,与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。如:

He waited for me till twelve o’clock.

He didn’t get up till (until) 10 a.m.(不可用to)

但注意:在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用 until 。如:

Not until 9 a.m.did Mr.Smith come back to school.

(2)to表“终结”时常和from连用,但要注意不与from连用时的意义。如:

from July to September,from six to (till) eight(从……到……为止),但from morning till night(从早到晚),不能用to。

5.表示方式、手段、工具的介词

(1)by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天,但to the pound按磅算,to the ton按吨计。

(2)表泛指的方式、手段:by post,by telephone(radio),但on the phone/on the radio/on TV(电讯器材),by electricity,by hard work,learn sth.by heart,through the satellite,through practice,through his own efforts,through experience,through the telescope

(3)交通工具类。另外:by means of 用……方法,by way of 经由,取道于,用……方法;with the help(permission)of sb./with sb.’s help(permission)“在……帮助下”。

(4)表方式、手段的其他用法。

He beat the dog with a whip.(with+工具、机器)

One smells with his nose.(with+人体器官,但by hand“手工,用手”)

He stood up with pride.(with+情绪、情感、态度的名词)

注意:使用语言、材料、文字等用in。如in English(ink,pencil)。另外如:

in high(good,low)spirits,in anger,in joy,in comfort,in sorrow,in safety,in danger,in need,in debt,in love,in fun,in pain,in tears,in surprise,in good(poor)health,in good order,in flower,in a way,in a low voice,in silence,in(with)satisfaction,in a hurry,in(with)words,live/feed on food,kneel on one’s knee,take(catch)sb.by surprise(出其不意)

6.表示“除……之外”的几组常用介词比较。

(1)besides “除……以外,(还有)”。作副词时意思是“而且,更何况”。如:

It was too late to see a film,and besides,I was tired.

(2)except“除去,除……之外(不再有)”。如:We all went except John.

在否定句中,两词可以换用,如:He has no other hats except/besides this one.

(3)except for“除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明)”后接名词、代词或what从句,此时与except that+句子意思相同。如:

He was very clever except for carelessness.

(4)exce pt that...“除了……一点以外”。如:

He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.

(5)but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用,但应注意以下三点:前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时,多用but。All but one are here.Nobody but I likes making model ships.后接不定式短语

为排除对象时,多用but。He has nothing to do but wait.(前有do,后省to);but与一些固定结构连用。have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事,can not but do sth.不得不,can not help but do sth.不得不……,but for...如不是……

7.介词的省略:

介词for表示时间的省略要求。

(1)以all开头的名词短语,for要省略。如:

I stayed with her all the morning.

(2)否定句中,表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。如:

I hav en’t seen you for thirty years.

(3)时间状语在主句之前,for不能省略。如:

For the whole morning,the old man kept reading.

8.某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配。

(1)要求接to的名词有:key,answer,visit,entrance,apology,introduction,road等。

(2)要求接in 的名词有:interest,satisfaction,expert等。

He is expert in teaching small children.

1. The report is worth listening _____ .

2. He wrapped the books up _____ brown paper before posting them.

3. How long did he stay there? _____ the summer.

4. The village lies _____ three hills.

5. She is the tallest _____ the three sisters.

6. Paris is _____ the largest cities in the world.

7. It happened _____ the morning of the 16th.

8. We regard Lei Feng _____ an example to learn from.

9. One should speak clearly and it is the same _____ writing.

10. You may depend on _____ that he will help you.

11.I was surprised _____ seeing him here.

12.He was happy _____ the result of the exam.

13.Sooner or later, he’ll have to answer _____ what he has done.

14.Hard work leads ____ success, but idleness results _____ failure.

15.We must not be _________ the times.

16. I can take my holidays at any time _______ in August.

17. I go _____ the post office every morning on my way to work.

18. I don’t care ______ the trouble. What about you?

19. Don’t be afraid ______ my health. I’ll recover in a few days.

20. The train passed _______ the station without stopping.

21. I’d like to know _____ whom your daughter has been engaged.

22. That she recovered so soon mainly lay _____ good rest.

23. I looked _____ the distance, but didn’t see a single thin g.

24. Nicole is married ____ my brother.

25. ______ to our joy, our class won the champion in the sports meet.

26. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair. (安徽)

27. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ______ the back door. (北京)

28.. You have no idea how she finished the relay race ______ her foot wounded so much. (福建)

29. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and ___________ the point. (辽宁)

30. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)

31. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working here. (全国Ⅱ)

32. I began to feel _________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)

33. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (陕西)

34. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _________ the weather. (浙江)

35. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ______ girls of your age. (北京)

36. Although _________ my opinion, t he old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)

37. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南)

38. Scientists are convinced ______ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health.

39. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting. (全国I)

40. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days.(全国II)

41. Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves. (四川)

42. The open-air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. (浙江)

43. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _________the visiting hours. (福建)

44. It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽)

45. —It’s a top secret.

—Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________ you and me.(上海)

46. People have always been curious ______ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁)

47. After the earthquake, the injured were cared ______ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西)

48. I would like a job which pays more, but ______ the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. (浙江)

49. More and more young people are fond __________ playing tennis nowadays. (上海)

50. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京)

51. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, __________ which there won’t be much work. (上海)

52. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ which New York is an example. (四川)

53. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _________which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建)

54. The book was written in 1946, ______ when the education system has witnessed great charges.

55. He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing University. (江苏)

二、语篇模拟:用适当的介词填空。

Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day [1]______children to honor

介词与连词讲解与练习答案

介词 in 2012,in October, in spring,in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening 2、有了表示日期的词以后,就要改用on (on总是与日子有关,具体到某一天,人命关on天) on the 1st of October, On the 20th of October,on Monday,on Monday morning 3、在午间,在夜间,在开始,在末尾时要用at at noon,at night,at the beginning,at the end,at the weekend,at Christmas(on Christmas Day,on Christmas Eve) 4、at + 时刻表示钟点。At 9 o’clock 5、注意in time及时和on time 准时的区别 二、表示地理位置的in, on, to in+方位词,表示在某范围内。如中国在亚洲的东部。 on+方位词,表示与其接界。如Shandong lies on the north of Jiangsu。山东位于江苏之北。 to+方位词,指在某环境范围之外。如Taiwan lies to the east of Fujian。台湾在福建之东。 三、表示地点的at,in,on 1、at 常指小地方,及具体的地点连用。at the gate在门口,at the table在桌旁,at Dalian Statium在大连体育馆 in 一般指大地方,及泛指的地点连用。in Beijing在北京in the sky在天空in American、in a university 四、表示空间:on 和beneath,above和below,over和under的区别 above在…(偏)上方,表示两者不接触,与below(在…下面)相对。 on在…上,表示两者接触,与beneath(在…下)相对。 over 在…正上方,表示两者垂直,但是不接触,也可指“笼罩、覆盖在上面”与under(在…正下方)相对。 五、.behind表示“在……的后面”,其反义词组“in front of”表示“在……的前面”,注意与in the front of 的区别。 We must keep our hands behind our backs.我们必须一直把手放在背后。 I was walking down the street when a friend stood in front of me.当一个朋友站在我面前时,我正沿着街道散步。 There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.。教室的前面是黑板. at/in the front of 表示“在……里面的前部”, at the back of表示“在……里面的后部”, in the middle of 表示“在……的中部”。 Xiao Ming sits at/in the front of the classroom.小明坐在教室前面。

小学英语介词讲解及练习

小学英语介词讲解及练习

小学英语总复习 小学英语介词总结 介词(Preposition) 一、概述 介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。二、常用介词的基本用法 at ①表示时间:I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。 ②表示在某一具体地点:He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。 ③表示动作的方向、目标:Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。 ④用于某些固定搭配:at once 立刻、马上at last 最后 at the same time 同时at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 about ①表示大约时间:I's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。 ②表示地点;在……周围:Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。 ③关于,对于:We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。 after ①在……之后:After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。 ②在……后面:He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。 behind ①在……之后:There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车 ②比……晚,迟于:The train is behind time. 火车晚点了 by ①在……旁:He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。 ②到……时候:We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。 ③以……方式:I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。 ④用于某些固定搭配:one by one 一个接一个by the way 顺便说一句 for ①为,给,替:I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。 ②由于:Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。 ③表示给(某人)用的:There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。

介词和连词专项复习学案

常见介词及用法 (一)表示时间的介词 1.英语里最常见的时间介词有:at, in, on, before, after和from。 2.at , in和on这三个词都表示时间。 ?at主要指具体的钟点:at half past eight 在八点半 ?in一般指某一段时间:in January 在一月份 ?on指具体在某一天:on Monday 在星期一 3.before和after表示时间的先后顺序。 ?before表示“在……之前”。 You should wash your hands before eating. 吃饭前你应该洗手。 ?after表示“在……之后”。 They often play basketball after dinner. 他们放学后经常打篮球。 4.from作时间介词含有“从……开始”的意思,常和to连用,组成“from…to…” 的结构,表示“从……到……”的意思。 We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从周一到周五上学。 (二)表示方位的介词,也就是表示位置和地点的介词。 1.小学阶段常见的方位介词有:on, in, at, under, over, above, below, about, around, between等。 2.on, over和above 这三个词都有“在……上面”的意思,但它们所表示的方位还是有些不同。 ?on表示两个物体的表面相互接触。如: There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。 The boy is sleeping on the desk. 那个孩子睡在地上。 ?over表示“在……的正上方”,两个物体表面没有接触。如: There is a light bulb over my head. 在我头顶上有一个灯泡。 ?above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方,如: The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机上云层上飞行。 There are four lights above our head. 在我们头上有四盏灯。 3.under和below都有“在……的下面”的意思,但它们有区别: ?under表示“在……的正下方”,其反义词是over。 There is a ball under the chair. 椅子下面有一个球。 They are sitting under a big tree. 他们正坐在一棵大树下面。 ?below表示“在……”的下面,不强调是否在正下方。 Their house is below mine. 他们家的房子在我家的下面。 4.in表示位置“在……里面”,也可以用来表示在一个很大的空间内。 The children are playing in the room. 孩子们正在房间里玩。 All my books are in my bag. 我所有的书都在我的书包里。 5.at表示“在……旁边”。 The teacher is standing at the desk. 老师正在桌边。 I will wait for you at the station. 我会在车站等你。

常用连词和介词

常用连词和介词 常用连词 as 1.一边.一边2.当...时3.因为as soon as 一…就… as(so) long as 只要 as(so) far as 据…所知as...as 像...一样 as-- 尽管 accordingly 因此所以although, though 虽然尽管After 在...之后 A as well as B 不但A而且B before 在...之前 besides 而且 because 因为,放在主句后。both A and B 既是A又是B but 但是,而是,的确…但consequently 因此所以either A or B 不是A是B even if 即使 even though 即使 else 否则 for fear that 以防万一

furthermore 而且 however 然而 hence 因此所以 however 不论 if 如果是否 in addition 而且 in order that 为了 in case 以防假使,如果 in that 因为既然 lest 以防万一 moreover 而且 not...until--直到...才 no sooner--than-- 一…就… not so(as)...as 不像... now that 既然 no matter(what, when, where, how) 无论(什么.何时,何地……) nor 也不 neither A nor B 既不是A也不是B not only A but also B 不但A而且B nevertheless 然而 once 一旦; 一度

高考英语语法填空连词和介词

高考英语语法填空连词和 介词 Last revision date: 13 December 2020.

第四集语法填空核心考点考点突破——连词与介词——语言学习的基础 ,【考向聚焦】 历年高考题中至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样,除了单纯考查介词外,还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外,在定语从句中,也常考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高,如with,beyond。连词考查较多的有:but和while,“祈使句+and/or+并列句”中的and和or;另外,for作为并列连词的用法 也是一考点。 对应学生用书P12 用适当的连词或介词填空 1.(2013安徽,22)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest,look in your local library________a book about it. 解析考查介词。句意:在你去一个名胜旅行之前,在你当地的图书馆寻找一本关于它的书。本题关键在于认识到动词look与选项中的介词搭配构成固定短语的时候,其中 隔有短语in your local library。 答案for 2.(2013福建,29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her children are always ________ the way whenever she tries to. 解析考查介词短语。句意:史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难,因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨碍她。 答案in 3.(2013湖北,30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________ chance a long lost antique Greek vase. 解析考查短语辨析。此处表示“偶然发现了一个遗失多年的古希腊花瓶”。 答案by 4.(2013北京,26)I have an appointment ________ Dr.Smith,but I need to change it. 解析考查介词。短语为have an appointment with sb,意为“与某人预约、约会”。 答案with 5.(2013新课标Ⅱ,11)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics. 解析考查介词。句意:如果没有一点数学知识,要认真研究物理是不可能的。 答案without 6.(2013?新课标Ⅰ,34)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it. 解析考查介词。句意:为了完成这项工程,这真是与时间的一次赛跑。 答案against 7.(2013?新课标Ⅰ,32)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________another man,also intelligent,fails.

小学英语语法 连词+介词

小学英语语法连词、介词 (一)、Grammar Part one 介词 一、什么是介词 用来表示句子中某一个词或短语与另外一个词或短语之间的关系的词。 二、介词的用法 考点一:表示时间的介词 in, on, at的用法 in表示在某一时间段,常用在月、年、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或晚上如:in 2013 in January in summer in the morning on表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上 如:on Tuesday on February 5th on the morning of August 8th at表示在某一时间点 如:at 10:20 at night at lunchtime 考点二:表示地点的介词 in, at, on的用法 in表示较大的地方,也可表示“在......之内” 如:in Nanjing in America in the garden at表示较小的地方,也可表示“在......处” 如:at the station at the party at home on表示与某物表面接触,也可表示在某物之上 如:on the moon on the ground on the right on the farm 考点三:表示方向的介词 from, to, for from表示起点,意为“从......来” 如:Mr. Green comes from England. I’ve got a Christmas present from my parents to表示终点,强调动作的目的地 如:Let’s go to school. He is walking up to the door. for表示目的地的方向,意为“往.......去” 如:Is this train for Beijing? 考点四:表示方式的介词 with, in with表示使用某种工具、身体某部位来做某事 如:I wash my hands with water. We see with our eyes and listen with our ears.

英语常用介词及用法

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介词与连词讲解与练习(答案)

介词 常用介词: 1、表示某年、某月、某季节,在早上晚上用in in 2012,in October, in spring,in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening 2、有了表示日期的词以后,就要改用on (on总是与日子有关,具体到某一天,人命关on天) on the 1st of October, On the 20th of October,on Monday,on Monday morning 3、在午间,在夜间,在开始,在末尾时要用at at noon,at night,at the beginning,at the end,at the weekend,at Christmas(on Christmas Day,on Christmas Eve) 4、at + 时刻表示钟点。At 9 o’clock 5、注意in time及时和on time 准时的区别 6.from…to… 二、表示地理位置的in, on, to in+方位词,表示在某范围内。如 on+方位词,表示与其接界。如Shandong lies on the north of Jiangsu。山东位于江苏之北。 to+方位词,指在某环境范围之外。如Taiwan lies to the east of Fujian。台湾在福建之东。 三、表示地点的at,in,on 1、at 常指小地方,及具体的地点连用。at the gate在门口,at the table在桌旁,at Dalian Statium在大连体育馆 in 一般指大地方,及泛指的地点连用。in Beijing在北京in the sky在天空in American、in a university 四、表示空间:on 和beneath,above和below,over和under的区别 above在…(偏)上方,表示两者不接触,与below(在…下面)相对。 on在…上,表示两者接触,与beneath(在…下)相对。 over 在…正上方,表示两者垂直,但是不接触,也可指“笼罩、覆盖在上面”与under(在…正下方)相对。 五、.behind表示“在……的后面”,其反义词组“in front of”表示“在……的前面”,注意与in the front of 的区别。 We must keep our hands behind our backs.我们必须一直把手放在背后。 I was walking down the street when a friend stood in front of me.当一个朋友站在我面前时,我正沿着街道散步。There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.。教室的前面是黑板. at/in the front of 表示“在……里面的前部”, at the back of表示“在……里面的后部”, in the middle of 表示“在……的中部”。 Xiao Ming sits at/in the front of the classroom.小明坐在教室前面。 The twin sisters sits at the back of the classroom.那对双胞胎姐妹坐在教室后面。

介词与连词讲解与练习(答案)

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高考英语语法填空连词和介词.docx

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文言虚词“以”、“与”作介词和连词的区别 高考文言文选择题中的虚词题,即“意义和用法”异同题,学生比较容易出问题,尤其是特定语境下的“以”“与”,作介词还是连词,是学习中的难点。 首先,“以”这里讨论意义为“因为”的“以”。。 看下面句中的词语: 1、且以一璧之故逆强秦之欢,不可。 2、以其无礼于晋且贰于楚也。 3、则思无以怒而滥刑。 根据句意,三句中的“以”都表动作、行为发生的原因,均可译为“因为” “由于”,即两词“意义”相同。但,“一璧之故”中心词“故”,是名词性短语,所以从句法上来说,“以一璧之故”构成介宾短语,共同修饰句中动词“逆”,这里的“以”用作介词。 “其无礼于晋且贰于楚”则是主谓结构,“其无礼于晋且贰于楚”,介词后只能带名词或代词,不能带主谓短语,而且“晋侯秦伯围郑”已经构成单句形式,所以这里只能是连词,连接前后两个分句,相当于关联词语“因为”。所以两句话中的“以”意义相同而用法不同。“怒”是动词,前面是不用介词的,所以这里的“以”也是连词。 总之,区分表原因的“以”是介词还是连词,关键看它后面是代词、名词、名词性短语还是其他短语或分句。 再看几个句子: 4、不赂者以赂者丧。 5、赵王岂以一璧之故欺秦邪? 6、余是以记之,盖叹郦元之简,而笑李渤之陋也。 7、不以物喜,不以己悲。 8、古人之观于天地……往往有得,以其求思之深而无不在也。 9、诸侯以公子贤,多客,不敢加兵谋魏十余年。 以上几句中“赂者”“一璧之故”“物”都是名词或名词性短语, “是”“己”都是代词,与“以”一起构成介宾短语,分别修饰 “丧”“欺”“喜”“记”“悲”,这几处的“以”均用作介词;“其求思之深而无不在”“公子贤,(公子)多客”,都是主谓短语,均构成分句,所以这两句中的“以”用作连词。 其次,“与”,这里讨论意义为“和、同”的“与”。 看下面句中加点词语: 1、彼与彼年相若也,道相似也。 2、吾与之共知越国之政。 3、举天下之豪杰,莫能与之争。 4、与其妾讪其良人。 根据句意,几个“与”都翻译成“和”“同”,但用法却不同。“彼与彼”紧相连接,不能拆分,代词并列,可以互换位置,在句中共同作主语,这里的“与”用作连词。“吾与之”却不能前后互换,因为从上下文看,是说“吾”要采取的做法,而不是大家;且前后可以拆分,在“与之”前加“必”,成为“吾必与之共知越国之政”,所以句中“与之”构成介宾短语,作“知”的谓语,“与”用

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Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset… Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)… Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally… Too: as well (句末), in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also… And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with… +Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else… So (adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… But:however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, de spite the fact that… Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely… Without: excluding, Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually… Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fac t, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly … 形容词/副词 Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing role,indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessary…

作介词的“以”和作连词的“以”之区别

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