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【聚焦中考】辽宁省2016中考英语 考点跟踪突破22 名词和冠词

考点跟踪突破22 名词和冠词

名词

1.In 1998,Liu Xiang's __A__ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.(2015,天津)

A.ability B.trade C.electricity D.memory

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。ability意为“能力”;trade意为“贸易”;electricity意为“电”;memory意为“记忆”。句意为:1998年,刘翔的跨栏赛跑能力引起了孙海平的注意。故选A。

2.Dave really likes driving.I think being a __D__ is just right for him.(2015,重庆)

A.doctor B.teacher C.farmer D.driver

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。doctor意为“医生”;teacher意为“老师”;farmer 意为“农民”;driver意为“驾驶员”。由“Dave really likes driving.”可知,Dave 很喜欢开车。因此“我认为他很适合当一名驾驶员。”故选D。

3.—Any special __A__ in this shopping mall now?

—Sure,we have the lates t e-products on sale.(2015,武汉)

A.offer B.price C.brand D.service

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。offer意为“(通常为短期)减价,特价”;price意为“价格”;brand意为“商标”;service意为“服务”。由答语中的“we have the latest e-products on sale”可知,问话人是询问现在是否有特价信息。故选A。

4.Bob has got good exam results.His parents are proud of his __A__.(2015,沈阳)

A.success B.chance C.idea D.dream

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。success意为“成功”;chance意为“机会”;idea 意为“想法”;dream意为“梦想”。由“Bob has got good exam results.”可知,Bob 在考试中取得了好成绩,他的父母为他的成功而感到骄傲。故选A。

5.There are lots of __D__ that students have to follow in school.(2015,南昌)

A.exercises B.problems

C.skills D.rules

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。exercise意为“练习”;problem意为“问题”;skill意为“技能”;rule意为“规则,规章,制度”。根据题干及动词“follow”可知,应选D。

6.Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous __C__ in American ________.(2015,广东)

A.symbol;culture B.symbol;cultures

C.symbols;culture D.symbols;cultures

【解析】本题考查名词单复数。句意为:米老鼠是美国文化中最出名的标志之一。“One of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”。由此可知,第一空应该用复数,指“最出名的标志之一”。第二空指“美国文化”,应该用单数。故选C。

7.Could you please take my picture?Here is my __D__.(2015,河北)

A.printer B.radio C.player D.camera

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。printer意为“打印机”;radio意为“收音机”;

player意为“播放器”;camera意为“照相机”。由“take my picture”可知,请别人帮忙拍照应用照相机。故选D。

8.As a __D__,he tries to give the first-hand information to the public as soon as possible.

A.secretary B.passenger

C.professor D.reporter

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。secretary意为“秘书”;passenger意为“乘客”;professor意为“教授”;reporter意为“记者”。由“he tries to give the first-hand information to the public as soon as possible”可知,他尽快把第一手信息给公众。故选D。

9.—Is this photo taken in Tibet?

—Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountains in the __B__ of the photo.(2015,河南)

A.form B.background

C.shape D.introduction

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。form意为“表格,形式”;background意为“背景”;shape意为“形状,外形”;introduction意为“介绍,引言”。结合语境“在这张照片的背景中,你可以看到美丽的雪山”可知,background符合题意。故选B。

10.—What's your favorite,Jim?

—My favorite is __D__.I often listen to it on MP3.(2015,黄冈)

A.sports B.dance C.science D.music

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。sports意为“运动”;dance意为“舞蹈”;science 意为“科学”;music意为“音乐”。根据“I often listen to it on MP3.”可知,通过MP3听的应该是音乐。故选D。

11.British people eat __D__ a lot,and they are usually cooked in different ways.

A.chicken B.beef C.fish D.potatoes

【解析】本题考查生活常识。chicken意为“鸡肉”;beef意为“牛肉”;fish意为“鱼”;potatoes意为“土豆”。根据传统习惯可知,英国人的主食是面包和土豆。故选D。

12.Annie has a __D__,and she is going to see her dentist today.(2015,温州) A.cold B.fever

C.cough D.toothache

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。cold意为“感冒”;fever意为“发烧”;cough意为“咳嗽”;toothache意为“牙疼”。由“she is going to see her dentist”可知,看牙医是患了牙疼。故选D。

13.Lisa was so careless that she made many spelling __D__ in her homework.(2015,丹东模拟)

A.plans B.decisions C.grades D.mistakes

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。plan意为“计划”;decision意为“决定”;grade 意为“成绩”;mistake意为“错误”。句意为:莉萨很粗心,所以作业中犯了许多拼写错误。故选D。

14.My brother hurt his __B__ yesterday.He can't walk now.(2015,锦州模拟) A.arms B.knees C.hands D.eyes

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。arms意为“胳膊”;knees意为“膝盖”;hands意

为“手”;eyes意为“眼睛”。由“He can't walk now.”可知,他现在不能走路,所以是膝盖受伤了。故选B。

15.Health is important for us teenagers,so we should eat more vegetables such as __A__ to keep healthy.(2015,鞍山模拟)

A.tomatoes and potatoes B.tomatos and potatos

C.tomatos and potatoes D.tomatoes and potatos

【解析】本题考查特殊名词的复数形式。tomato和potato的复数形式都是在单词后面加-es。故选A。

16.David visited lots of __B__ in the world.

A.places of interesting B.places of interest

C.place of interests D.place of interesting

【解析】本题考查lots of的用法和名词短语places of interest。lots of意为“许多”,可修饰不可数名词和复数名词,place是可数名词,可排除C、D两项;places of interest 意为“名胜”,是固定短语,所以选择答案B。

17.—Someone called you just now.(2016,预测)

—I know.But I was busy at that moment.When I called back,there was no __C__.A.voice B.sound C.answer D.result

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。voice意为“嗓音”;sound意为“声音”;answer 意为“回答”;result意为“结果”。由句意可知:我把电话打回去,但却没人接。名词answer此处表示接听电话。故选C。

18.—What would you like to drink,girls?

—__C__,please.(2016,预测)

A.Two glass of water B.Two glass of waters

C.Two cups of tea D.Two cups of teas

【解析】本题考查名词tea表示数量的用法。名词tea和water为不可数名词,没有复数;表示数量的前面可以用量词cup或glass等,这些词为可数名词,可以用复数。故选C。

19.—Tommy,you can never let others know what I have told you today.(2016,原创)

—Don't worry.I will keep the __A__.

A.secret B.money C.address D.grade

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。secret意为“秘密”;money意为“钱”;address 意为“地址”;grade意为“年级”。由上句“不要把我今天跟你说的话告诉别人”,可知对方要求保守秘密,keep the secret意为“保守秘密”。故选A。

20.Being honest is the first __A__ if you want to make friends with others.(2016,原创)

A.step B.time C.job D.hand

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。step意为“步骤”;time意为“时间”;job意为“工作”;hand意为“手”或“方面”。句意为:如果你想和他人交朋友,首要的是要诚实。the first step表示第一个步骤,也就是首要的事情。故选A。

21.Hangzhou is __A__ to hundreds of foreign friends who are working and studying here.

A.home B.house C.family D.room

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。名词home表示某人出生以及成长的环境或与某人一起居住的地方;house侧重指建筑;family侧重于家庭和家人;room则侧重指房间或空间。

句意为:对于数以百计的在杭州工作和学习的外国朋友来说,杭州就是他们的家。故选A。

22.—Excuse me,where did you get the book?

—I borrowed it from the __B__.

A.cinema B.library C.park D.station

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。cinema意为“电影院”;library意为“图书馆”;park意为“公园”;station意为“车站”。由句意可知书是借的,能借书的地方只有图书馆。故选B。

23.—Oh,Nancy!Do you live here?

—No.This house is __B__.I'm here to see his baby.

A.my son B.my son's

C.the baby D.the baby's

【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。句意为:这房子是我儿子的,我是来看他的孩子的。表示某物归某人所有,要用名词所有格形式。故选B。

24.Could you tell me what __D__ it is today?

A.time B.year C.month D.day

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。time意为“时间”;year意为“年”;month意为“月”;day意为“天,日期”。句意为:你能告诉我今天星期几吗?其他三词均不符合逻辑。故选D。

25.Mr. White,the principal,has made a great __A__ to the growth of the school.

A.contribution B.progress

C.invention D.protection

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。contribution意为“贡献”;progress意为“成绩”;invention意为“发明”;protect意为“保护”。句意为:校长怀特先生为这所学校的发展做出了巨大的贡献。故选A。

冠词

1.—Does your father go to work by __C__ car every day?(2015,天津)

—No,he sometimes takes ________ bus.

A.a;the B.the;a C.不填;a D.a;不填

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:你父亲每天都开车去上班吗?不,他有时会坐公交车。介词by后直接加交通工具;动词take后加冠词再加交通工具。故选C。

2.His uncle will give him __A__ birthday present.It'll be wonderful.(2015,重庆)

A.a B.an C.the D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:他的叔叔将送给他一份生日礼物。真是好极了。birthday的读音是以辅音音素开头的,且“birthday present”表示泛指,应用不定冠词a。故选A。

3.Peter returned the wallet to the police.He was __B__ honest boy.(2015,沈阳)

A.a B.an C.the D.不填

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a和an表示泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词前;定冠词the表示特指。句意为:Peter把钱包还给了警察。他是个诚实的男孩。此处泛指“一个诚实的男孩”,且honest的读音以元音音素开头,应使用不定冠词an。故选B。

4.—Do you like __B__ movie Big Hero 6?

—Yes,it is ________ interesting film.I like it very much.(2015,广东) A.a;an B.the;an C.a;the D.the;a

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:你喜欢《超能陆战队6》这部电影吗?是的,它是一部有趣的电影。我非常喜欢。第一个空表示特指,用定冠词the;第二个空表示泛指,且“interesting”的读音是以元音音素开头的,应用an。故选B。

5.Look at __C__ calendar.It's June 22.(2015,河北)

A.a B.an C.the D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:看一下日历。今天是6月22日。由“It's June 22.”可知,此处表示特指,使用定冠词the。故选C。

6.Mr. Smith is __C__ old man and he usually walks his dog after ________ supper.(2015,河南)

A.a;the B.an;a C.an;不填 D.the;不填

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。在句中,old man表示泛指且old的读音以元音音素开头,故第一空应用不定冠词an;after supper为固定短语,意为“晚饭后”,故第二空不填冠词。故选C。

7.Some small shops in Britain usually close for __D__ hour at ________ lunchtime.

A.an;the B.a;不填

C.a;the D.an;不填

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:英国的许多小商店在午饭期间通常关闭一个小时。hour是以元音音素开头的词,表示“一个小时”其前要用an;at lunchtime意为“在午餐期间”,是固定搭配,中间不加冠词。故答案为D。

8.In Nanjing,we stayed at a very nice hotel.But I can't remember __A__ name of it.(2015,丹东模拟)

A.the B.a C.an D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:在南京,我们住在一家非常好的宾馆里,但我不记得它的名字了。此处用定冠词the特指我们所住的那一家宾馆。故选A。

9.—Mom,why can't I have __B__ new bike?

—Dear,you know,________ money doesn't grow on trees.(2016,预测)

A.the;the B.a;/ C.a;the D./;the

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“妈妈,为什么我不能买一辆新自行车?”“亲爱的,你知道的,钱不是树上长的。”第一空表泛指,new是以辅音音素开头的词,其前要用a;money为不可数名词,其前不加冠词。故选B。

10.—Hurry up,or we'll be late.(2015,朝阳模拟)

—Take your time—it's just __C__ short distance from here to ________ cinema.

A./;the B.the;a C.a;the D./;a

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“赶快,否则我们会迟到的。”“不要着急,从这里到那个电影院只有一小段距离。”第一空表泛指,short是以辅音音素开头的词,其前要用a;第二空是特指,用定冠词the。故选C。

11.After school,they usually play __C__ football for an hour in ________ playground.(2016,预测)

A.the;the B./;/

C./;the D.the;/

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:放学后,他们通常会在操场上踢一小时的足球。在与play连用的球类名词前,不用冠词;第二空是特指,用定冠词the。故选C。

12.The astronauts were so interested in __A__ beauty of nature that they took lots of pictures in ________ space.(2016,原创)

A.the;/ B.the;the C./;the D./;/

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:宇航员对大自然的美如此感兴趣,以至于他们在太空中拍了许多照片。第一空表示特指,要用定冠词the;第二空是固定搭配。故选A。

13.You've dropped __B__ “f” in the word “difficult”.________ letter “f” is doubled.

A.the;A B.an;The C.an;A D.a;The

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:你在单词“difficult”中掉了一个字母“f”,字母“f”要双写。“f”以元音音素开头;第二空是特指。故选B。

14.—Do you know who invented __B__ bicycle?

—Sorry,I've no idea.Perhaps ________ European.

A.a;an B.the;a C./;the D.the;an

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“你知道是谁发明了自行车吗?”“对不起,我不知道,也许是一个欧洲人。”第一空表示特指;第二空格后的European是以辅音音素开头的词,其前要用a。故选B。

15.It was __C__ Saturday when we decided to see ________ film.But it was not as good as I had been told.

A.a;/ B./;the C.a;the D./;a

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:就在一个星期六我们决定去看那部电影。但是并不像别人说得那么好。第一个设空处用a表示数量“一”;第二个设空处用the特指“别人告诉我的那部电影”。故选C。

16.My father is __B__ engineer.He works very hard.

A.a B.an C.the D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:我的父亲是一名工程师。他工作很努力。泛指的单数可数名词前用a或an,由于engineer发音中第一个音素为元音音素,故用an。

17.Which country has the largest population,__B__ USA,________ China or ________ Canada?

A.the;the;the B.the;/;/

C./;the;/ D./;the;the

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:哪个国家的人口最多,美国、中国还是加拿大?the USA是美国;后两者是表示国名的专有名词,不加冠词。故选B。

18.This is __B__ storybook.It was written by Yang Hongying.

A.the B.a C.an D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:这是一本故事书。它是由杨红樱写的。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,此句中表示数量“一”。the 表示特提。storybook是以辅音音素开头,故选B。

19.—Who's that girl?

—You mean __C__ one with long blonde hair?That's Jack's daughter.

A.a B.an C.the D./

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“那个女孩儿是谁?”“你是说留着金色长发的那个女孩儿吗?那是杰克的女儿。”the表示特指。

20.—I missed the beginning of __C__ musical programme The Voice of China.

—What a pity!You should leave your school half ________ hour earlier.

A.a;an B.the;a C.the;an D.an;the

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“我错过了音乐节目《中国好声音》的开头。”“真可惜!你应该早半个小时离开学校。”第一空是特指,用定冠词the;半小时是half an hour,hour是以元音音素开头的,前面要用an。故答案为C。

21.—Mum,I want to buy __C__ new toy car.

—But ________ old one is still running,isn't it?

A.the;the B.the;an

C.a;the D.a;an

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“妈妈,我想买一个新的玩具汽车。”“但是那个旧的还能跑,不是吗?”第一空表示泛指,因此用不定冠词a;第二空表特指,因此用the。

22.__C__ woman with sunglasses is ________ English teacher in New Star High School.

A.The;a B.A;a C.The;an D.A;an

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:戴太阳眼镜的那位女士是新星高中的一位英语老师。第一空表特指,要用the;第二空表泛指,English是以元音音素开头的词,其前要用an,故答案为C。

23.—Do not give up!Perhaps __B__ tough task needs more of your effort.

—I won't.I'll have ________ second try anyway.

A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the D.the;the

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:“不要放弃!也许这个艰巨的任务需要你更多的努力。”“我不会放弃的,而且我会尝试第二次的。”第一空表特指,要用定冠词the;第二空是序数词的特殊用法,当表示在原来的基础上,“再,又”时,要用不定冠词。

24.Mr.Philip has made __C__ survey on students' lunchtime,and ________ survey shows us a lot of problems.

A.an;an B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:Philip先生对学生的午餐时间做了一个调查,这个调查显示了许多问题。第一空表泛指,survey是以辅音音素开头,其前要用a;第二空特指上文提到过的人或物,要用定冠词the。故答案选C。

25.Chairman Xi Jinping had __A__ friendly talk with the US President Obama in ________ America last month.

A.a;/ B.the;/ C./;the D.a;an

【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意为:习近平主席上个月在美国与美国总统奥马马进行了一次友好的交谈。第一空是固定搭配have a talk with;in America在美国。故答案为A。

2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词

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