高考英语第二轮复习经典语法讲解（有试题集及分析）（04）
形容词、副词
要点1 几个形容词修饰一个名词时的语序
当同时用几个形容词来修饰一个名词时，一般可按照以下顺序：限定词-----描绘性形容词-----大小、新旧、式样-----颜色-----产地(国别)-----作定语的名词----- 被修饰名词。
如：
some lovely Chinese children
一些可爱的中国儿童(限定词-----描绘性形容词-----国别)
a small black leather handbag
一个小的黑色皮包(大小-----颜色-----作定语的名词表示材料)
a red German sports car
一辆红色的德国赛车(颜色-----国别-----作定语的名词表示用途)
a small old stone bridge
一座老的小石桥(大小-----新旧-----作定语的名词)
注意：限定词放在最前面，作定语的名词紧靠被修饰词；同种类的形容词，短在前、长在后，序数词放在基数词之前。如：
the first two books 最初两本书
但是，这里所讲的语序并不是一成不变的。
要点2 需放在被修饰语之后的形容词
形容词作定语，一般放在名词的前面。但如果被修饰语是由some, any, every和no构成的不定代词时，用作定语的形容词必须放在它所修饰的词后面，如：
There is nothing new in his report. 他的报告里没有什么新东西。
Is there anything important? 有什么重要的事情吗?
He told me something very important. 他告诉我一些很重要的事。
There is nothing wrong with him. 他没有错。
So far nobody important has visited this place.
到目前为止，还没有重要人物来这儿看过。
注意：英语中有些形容词一般只能作表语，不能放在名词前作定语，如以a-开头的形容词，afraid, asleep, alone, awake, alive。另外，ill, glad, sorry, sure, well也不能放在名词前作定语。
注意：sick(患病)与ill不同，sick既可以作表语也可以作定语而ill则不能，试比较：
These children are ill/sick. 这些孩子病了。
The nurse is taking care of the sick children. 护士正在照料患病的孩子们。(不能用ill)
另外，在度量衡用语中，形容词通常放在度量单位之后。例如：
I'm 1.80 metres tall. 我身高1.80米。
The room is 32 feet wide. 这间房子有32英尺宽。
要点3 三种要求形容词作表语的系动词
形容词除与系动词be连用作表语外，还可以与其他一些系动词连用。
1) 表示一种特征、状态、感觉的系动词，如：
The meat tastes good. 这肉味道好。
He doesn't seem happy. 他似乎不高兴。
I'm not feeling well today. 我今天不舒服。(well用作形容词做表语只能表示身体好)
2) 表示状态转变的系动词，意为"变得"、"变成"，如：become, get, grow, turn等。
It's getting(growing) dark. 天渐渐地黑了。
The hill has turned green. 山变绿了。
3) 表示保持某种状态的系动词，如：remain(仍然是)，keep(保持)等。
The problem remains unsolved. 问题仍然未解决。
Keep quiet, please! 请安静!
要点4 某些以-ly结尾的形容词
英语中有一些以-ly结尾的形容词，不要误以为是副词。
deadly 致命的friendly 友好的lonely 孤单的
likely 可能的lovely 可爱的lively 愉快的
brotherly 兄弟般的fatherly 父亲似的ugly 难看的silly 愚蠢的
还有一些与时间有关的词，虽以-ly结尾，但既可以用作形容词又可以用作副词，如：
daily 每日(的) weekly 每周一次(的)
monthly 每月一次(的) yearly 每年一次(的)
要点5 名词用作形容词
1) 名词用来作定语修饰另一个名词时，相当于一个形容词，如：
ticket office 售票处book store 书店
traffic accident 交通事故table leg 桌子腿
2) 名词用作形容词修饰另一名词时，一般都用单数形式，而且总是放在被修饰的名词之前。如： shoe repairers 修鞋人
ring finger 无名指
wine glass 酒杯
cigarette lighter 打火机
也有一些是例外，如：
sports car 赛车
clothes shop 服装店
arms production 武器生产
注意：名词作定语与形容词作定语意思相差较大。
gold ring 金戒指
golden ring 镀金(金黄色)戒指
stone wall 石墙
stony heart 铁石心肠
colour TV set 彩色电视机
colourful life 多彩的生活
要点6 带有数字的复合形容词
当复合形容词用连字号连接时，其中的名词用单数形式。主要有两种结构：
1) 数词+名词。
a three-hour flight 一次三小时的飞行
a three-pound chicken 一个重三磅的鸡
a two-hundred-metre bridge 一座二百米长的桥
a five-hundred-word letter 一封五百字的信
2) 数词+名词+形容词。
a three-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩
a fifty-metre-wide river 一条五十米宽河
要点7 同形的副词和形容词
fast train 快车hard workers 干活卖力的工人
run fast 跑得快work hard 干活卖力，工作努力
right answer 正确的回答enough food 足够的食物
do everything right 样样事情做得对large enough 足够大
in the late afternoon 傍晚in the early morning 一大早
work late 工作得晚come early 来得早
其他如straight, wide, high, low也都能用作形容词和副词。例如：
He drew a straight line on the paper. 他在纸上划了一条直线。
He went straight to the room. 他径直朝那房子走去。
要点8 具有两种形式的副词
英语中有些副词有两种形式，但其意义不同。
The station is quite near. 车站就在附近。(near用作形容词)
He lives near. 他就住在附近。(near用作副词)
It's nearly nine o'clock. 将近九点钟了。(nearly用作副词，但其含义是：将近、几乎) The cake is hard. 这蛋糕太硬。(用作形容词)
The test is hard. 测验太难。
He is a hard worker. 他是一个干活卖力的工人。
We all work hard. 我们都努力工作。(hard用作副词)
I can hardly understand you. 我不太懂你的意思。意为：几乎不
There was hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空几乎没有云彩。
He is late. 他迟到了。(late用作形容词)
He went to bed late last night. 他昨晚很晚才睡觉。(late用作副词)
Have you seen her lately? 你最近看见过她吗?(lately意为：最近)
注意：除上述几个词外，英语中还有一些具有两种形式的副词。如：
deep 深--deeply 深深地
high 高--highly 高度地
wide 宽--widely 广泛地
He jumps higher than I. 他比我跳得高。
We think highly of our teacher.
我们对我们的老师评价很高。
He opened all the windows wide to let the fresh air in.
他把所有的窗户开得很大，好让新鲜空气进来。
She is widely known in China. 她在中国的知名度很高。
要点9 形容词比较级和最高级的构成
1) 单音节形容词加-er和-est构成其比较级和最高级。
strong--stronger--the strongest
new--newer--the newest
闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est。
如：big--bigger--biggest，hot--hotter--hottest，thin--thinner--thinnest。
2) 三音节或三音节以上的形容词前加more和most，构成其比较级和最高级。
interesting--more interesting--the most interesting
important--more important--the most important
3) 双音节形容词中，一般以-y,-er, -ow, -ple等结尾的词加-er, -est。
pretty--prettier--the prettiest 漂亮的
clever--cleverer--the cleverest 聪明的
simple--simpler--the simplest 简单的
narrow--narrower--the narrowest 狭窄的
常用的词有：easy(容易)，lazy(懒)，happy(快乐的)，funny(有趣的)。
4) 以-ful, -ing结尾的双音节词一般加more/most。
doubtful--more doubtful--the most doubtful
注意：英语中，有些双音节形容词可以加more/most，也可以加-er，-est构成比较级和最高级，常见的词有：friendly, clever, narrow, common。
要点10 副词比较级和最高级的构成
1) 副词比较级和最高级形式通常由加more和most构成。例如：
quickly--more quickly--most quickly
slowly--more slowly--most slowly
2) 与形容词同形的副词，其构成方式与相应的形容词相同。例如：
fast--faster--fastest
hard--harder--hardest
early--earlier--earliest
要点11 少数形容词和副词的比较级、最高级是不规则的。
原级比较级最高级
good/well - better - best
bad/ill/badly - worse - worst
many/much - more - most
little - less - least
要点12 同等程度比较的要点
1) as…as 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形，如：
I am as old as you. 我和你年龄一样大。
注意："as……as"可用almost, quite, just, just about, nearly, twice, by no means(根本)修饰，置于"as……as"之前。
2) so用以替代第一个as时，只能用于否定句，如：
John is not as/so clever as Jack.
约翰不像杰克那样聪明。
He doesn't read as/so clearly as she.
他读得不像她那样清楚。
She didn't sing as/so well that night as she usually does.
她那天晚上唱得没有平时好。
3) as much+不可数名词+as，而as many+可数名词复数+as。
Bob has read as many books as Mary.
鲍伯和玛丽读了一样多的书。
There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle.
这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。
4)as+adj.+不定冠词+可数名词单数+as
German is as difficult a language as English.
as+adj.+不可数名词+as
Bread is as important food as rice.
要点13 不同程度比较的要点
1) 要用"比较级+than"的结构。
I am taller than Tom(is). 我比汤姆高。
Mary works harder than John(does). 玛丽比约翰工作努力。
This city is more beautiful than that(city). 这城市比那城市更美丽。
You look younger than before. 你看起来比以前年轻。
2) 比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, rather，even, still, a great deal等表示程度，但比较级前不能再用more。
She sings far/much better than the others. 她唱得比别人好得多。(better本身就是比较级，不能用far/much more better)
Your book is far/much more interesting than his. 你的书要比他的书有趣得多。(其中more interesting是比较级，far/much用以修饰more interesting表示程度)
Now I read a little faster than before. 现在我读得比过去稍快一点。
表示不同程度比较时，句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。
any other student
anyone else
all the other students
any of the other students
他比班上其他学生学习用功。(他本身也是学生不能用any students来表示比较对象的范围) 注意：any other加可数名词单数，all the other加可数名词
复数。试比较：
The moon is closer to us than any star/stars.月亮距离我们比任何恒星都近。(月亮不是恒星，因此用any star/stars并没有把主语包括在比较对象的范围之内)
China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个国家都大。(中国是亚洲国家之一，因而不能用any country/countries)
3) 比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较，如：
Tom's bike is more expensive than Jim’s (=Jim's bike). 汤姆的自行车比吉姆的贵。
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海冷。(that指代天气) His English is better than anyone else's in his class. 他的英语比班上其他人的都好。
4) 英语中往往用that/those或the/that one/the ones代替上文提及的同等部分。但如果比较的事物是不可数名词，用that不能用the one/the ones/those。
The water in the glass is cleaner than that in the river.
杯子里的水比河里的水清。(water为不可数名词，用that)
I like these pictures better than those/the ones on the wall.
我喜欢这些画胜过墙上那些。(those,the ones指代可数名词复数)
The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a cat.
兔子的耳朵比猫长。(与of短语一起用时，不能用the ones)
Your ruler is longer than that/that one/the one on the desk.
你的尺比桌上的尺长。(that/that one/the one指代可数名词单数)
5) 两者之间的比较不能用最高级。
Who is more honest, Tom or Susan? 汤姆和苏珊两个人谁更诚实?
注意：比较级范围是由of引出两者之间的比较，比较级前要用定冠词。
He is the taller of the two. 两人中他高一点。
要点14 有些以-ior结尾的形容词本身就含有比较的意思
以-ior结尾的形容词，不用"比较级+than"来表示比较，而是要用"原级+to"。常用的词有：superior(优于)，inferior(次于)，junior(年少的)，senior(较年长的，较高级别的)。
He is inferior to you in all respects. 他各方面都不如你。
This engine is superior in many respects to that. 这台发动机在很多方面比那一台要好。
要点15 最高级的用法
1) 三者(或三者以上)的比较才能用最高级。
Mary is the tallest girl in her class/of the three. 玛丽是她班上(三个里面)个子最高的女孩。
Bill reads most clearly of all the students. 在所有这些学生中，比尔读得最清楚。
2) 形容词最高级要加the。
They're the biggest animals in the world. 它们是世界上最大的动物。
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. 上海是世界最大城市之一。(one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示"最……之一")
He is one of the tallest students in the class. 他是班上个子最高的学生之一。
It is the second tallest building in the world. 它是世界上第二高的建筑物。
注意：如不表示比较，也没有表示比较范围的状语，最高级前不用t he时，作"十分"、"非常"解。
It is a most useful tool. 这是一种非常有用的工具。
He is a brightest student. 他是一个非常聪明的学生。
注意：最高级可用by far, easily, nearly ,by no means,序数词等修饰，置于最高级之前。
注意：
要点16 几个特殊的比较结构
1) "the+比较级…，the+比较级…"结构，意为"越……，越……"，表示程度的平行增长，如：
The higher the temperature(is),the greater is the pressure.(=the greater the pressure is.)
温度越高，压力就越大。
The older he gets, the wiser he becomes. 他越长越聪明。
The bigger, the better. 越大越好。
2) "比较级+and+比较级"结构，意为"越来越……"，表示程度逐渐增长，如：
Our life is getting better and better.
我们的生活越来越好。
Our country has become stronger and stronger.
我们的国家越来越强大了。
He is running faster and faster. 他越跑越快。
注意：当形容词需加上more变为比较级时，表示"越来越……"，需用"more and more+形容词原形"的结构。
Shanghai is becoming more and more beautiful.
上海变得越来越美丽。
More and more people give up smoking.
越来越多的人戒烟。
3) "倍数词+as+原级+as"构成倍数比较结构。
This TV set costs twice as much as that one.
这架电视机的价格是那架电视机的两倍。
The truck is 3.5 times as heavy as that minibus.
这辆卡车有那辆小客车的三倍半重。
表示倍数也可以用以下的结构：
The rice output of this region is about four times that of 1957.
这个地区的大米产量相当于1957年的4倍。
4) "大三岁"，"长两米"要用"数量词+比较级"来表示，如：
He is three years older than I. 他比我大三岁。
This river is 100 meters longer than that one. 这条河比那条河长100米。
5）"as…… as" 的比喻结构，此结构表示"像……一样（那样）……"
It's as cold as ice in here. 这儿冷得像冰窖。
It's as dark as night in this room. 这屋子简直就像晚上一样黑。
常见的比喻结构有：as free as a bird,as hungry as a wolf,as strong as a horse,as clever as a fox,as busy as a bee……
6）more than和less than，这2个固定词组分别表示"多于"和"少于"，如：
There are more than three hundred pupils in the school.
这个学校有300多个学生。
They finished the work in less than a year.
他们不到一年就完成了这项工作。
7）no more than和no less than也是固定词组，分别表示"只不过"和"有……之多"、"多达"。（带有感情色彩）
I have no more than ten dollars. 我只有10块钱。（有嫌少的意思）
In our school there are no less than 250 teachers.
我们学校里的教师有250位之多。（有够多了的含义）
8）not more than和not less than，not more than(=at most)表示"不多于"、"至多"，not less than(=at least)表示"不少于"、"至少"。（表示客观事情）
The experiment was done by not more than 5 persons.
做这个试验的人不到5个。
There were not less than one hundred people at the meeting.
到会的至少有100人。
要点17 貌似同等程度比较结构的一些固定习惯用语
英语中有些看似是同等程度的比较结构，实际上它们是一些固定的习惯用语/
1) as long as 只要；有……之久
I will work as long as Ilive. 只要活着，我就要工作。
He has been ill as long as five years. 他已经病了5年之久。
2) as far as 到……地点；就……而言
I will go with you as far as the next bus stop.
我将和你一起走到下一个车站。
As far as I know,he is a reliable person.
就我所知，他是一个可靠的人。
3) as high as 高达……程度
The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as 0. 在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。
4) as soon as 一……就
I will ting you up as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。
5）as well as 既……又
He has experience as well as knowledge.他既有知识又又经验。（注意此句翻译的顺序）
要点18 表示相似、类同的几种方法
1）主语alike/the same/similar
The two brothers are very much alike. 兄弟俩非常相像。
The two books are the same. 这两本书是一样的。
The methods used by the three teachers are similar.
这三位教师使用的方法相类似。
the same as
2) 主语+be+ { similar to } +名词(代词) like
约翰的帽子的款式(尺寸)很像我的。
Your opinion is similar to ours in many ways.
你的观点在许多方面与我们相似。
The price is the same as last year. 这价格与去年相同。
age
3)主语+be+the same { size } +as+名词(代词) colour/weight
The suitcase is the same size as that one. 这衣箱与那个一样大小。
He is the same age as his wife. 他与他的妻子同年。
4) 在以上句型中，也可常用动词look来替代be动词。
The pen looks like mine. 这笔看上去像我的。
The two houses look alike. 这两幢房子看上去相似。
要点19 表示相异、不同
1) differ from 与……不同。
Nylon differs from silk in cost. 尼龙和丝绸在成本方面不同。
2) be different from 与……不同。
Their house is different from ours in style.
他们的房子风格跟我们的不同。
3) unlike 不同，不像。
My son is unlike me in every respect. 我的儿子没有一处像我。
要点20 无比较级，最高级的词
circular,silent,east,empty,false,first,golden,matchless,perfect,right，round,square,true,unique(独一无二的)，wrong，absolute（绝对的），sheer（彻底的），mere（纯粹的），atomic（原子的），solar （太阳的），daily，monthly，yearly，physical，wooden……
练习、形容词和副词高考题选：
1. John has three sisters. Mary is the ___ of the three. (MET88)
A. most cleverest
B. more clever
C. cleverest
D. cleverer
2. The students are___ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. (MET88)
A. most
B. almost
C. mostly
D. at most
3. She told us ___story that we all forgot about the time. (MET88)
A. such an interesting
B. such interesting a
C. so an interesting
D. a so interesting
4. It is impossible for so___ workers to do so work in a single day. (MET88)
A. few, much
B. few, many
C. little, much
D. little, many
5. The horse is getting old and can't run ___ it did. (MET88)
A. as faster as
B. so fast than
C. so fast as
D. as fast as
A. to be true
B. as true
C. being true
D. true
7. I'd been expecting ___ letters the whole morning, but there weren't ___ for me. (MET89)
A. some; any
B. many; a few
C. some; one
D. a few; none
8. This year they have produced ___ grain ___ they did last year. (MET89)
A. as less; as
B. as few; as
C. less; than
D. fewer; than
9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. (MET90)
A. as twice many
B. as many twice
C. twice as many
D. twice many as
10. The pianos in the other shop will be , but______ . (MET90)
A. cheaper; not as better
B. more cheaper; not as better
C. cheaper; not as good
D. more cheap; not as good
11. ---Can I help you?
---Well, I'm afraid the box is___ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. (MET90)
A. so
B. much
C. very
D. too
12.---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office?
---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown ___ works here. He left about three weeks ago. (MET90)
A. not now
B. no more
C. not still
D. no longer
13. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ___ money and ___ people. (MET90)
A. less; less
B. fewer; fewer
C. less; fewer
D. fewer; less
14. Oh, John. ___ you gave me! (MET90)
A. How a pleasant surprise
B. How pleasant surprise
C. What a pleasant surprise
D. What pleasant surprise
15. ---How did you find your visit to museum?
---I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ___ than I expected. (MET91)
A. far more interesting
B. even much interesting
C. so more interesting
D. a lot much interesting
16. Canada is larger than ___ country in Asia. (NMET91)
A. any
B. any other
C. other
D. another
17. Those oranges taste___ . (MET91)
A. good
B. well
C. to be good
D. to be well
18. The experiment was ___ easier than we had expected. (NMET91)
A. more
B. much more
C. much
D. more much
19. ___ food you've cooked! (NMET91 )
A. How a nice
B. What a nice
C. How nice
D. What nice
20. Go and get your coat. It's ___ you left it. (MET92)
A. there
B. where
C. there where
D. where there
21. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes___ . (MET92)
A. open
B. to be opened
C. to open
D. opening
22. ---Are you feeling ___?
---Yes, I' m fine now. (NMET92)
A. any well
B. any better
C. quite good
D. quite better
A. a large
B. larger
C. a larger
D. the larger
24. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please?
---Sorry, I can't. He ___. (MET92)
A. doesn't any more work here
B. doesn't any longer here work
C. doesn't work any more here
D. doesn't work here any longer
25. How can you finish the drawing? (MET92)
A. often
B. soon
C. long
D. rapid
26. ___ terrible weather we've been having these days! (MET92)
A. How a
B. What a
C. How
D. What
27. It takes a long time to go there by train. It's___ by road.(MET93)
A. quick
B. the quickest
C. much quick
D. quicker
28. ___ from Beijing to London! (MET93)
A. How long way it is
B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it
D. What a long way it is
29. She doesn't speak___ her friends, but her written work is excellent. (MET93)
A. as well as
B. as often as
C. so much as
D. as good as
30. ---Mum, I think I'm___ to get back to school.
---Not really, My dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two. (NMET93)
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
31. ---If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.
--OK, but do you have size___ in blue? This one's a bit tight for me. (NMET93)
A. a big
B. a bigger
C. the big
D. the bigger
32. John plays footbal___ , if not better than, Davi. (NMET94)
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
33. We all write___ ,even when there's net much to say. (NMET94)
A. now and then
B. by and by
C. step by step
D. more or less
34. ---Do you remember ___ he came?
---Yes I do, he came by car. (NMET94)
A. how
B. when
C. that
D. if
35. If there were no examinations, we should have ___at school. (NMET94)
A. the happiest time
B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time
D. a much happier time
36. ---Have you finished your report yet?
---No, I'll finish in___ ten minutes. (NMET95)
A. another
B. other
C. more
D. less
37. ---I'd like ___ information about the management of your hotel,please.
---Well, you could have ___ word with the manager. He might be helpful. (NMET95)
A. some; a
B. an; some
C. some; some
D. an; a
38. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,___ great it is. (NMET95)
A. what
B. how
C. however
D. whatever
39. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____. (NMET96)
40. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ___. (NMET96)
A. the better voice
B. a good voice
C. the best voice
D. a better voice
41. Tony is going camping with ___ boys. (NMET93)
A. little two other
B. two little other
C. two other little
D. little other two
42. ---How was your recent visit to Qingdao? (NMET95)
---It was great. We visited some friends, and spent ___the days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny
B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few
D. few sunny last
43. Can you believe that in ___ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (MET95)
A. such; such
B. such; so
C. so; so
D. so; such
44. Wait till you are more___ .It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET97)
A. inspired
B. satisfied
C. calm
D. certain
45. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ___ known for his plays. (NMET98)
A. the best
B. more
C. better
D. the most
46.___ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (NMET2000 )
A. Brave enough students
B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough
D. Students enough brave
47. It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___ if you don't speak the language. (NMET2000 )
A. extremely
B. naturally
C. basically
D. especially
48. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ___ trick. (2001 春招)
A. ordinary
B. easy
C. smart
D. simple
49. It is generally believed that teaching is___ it is a science. (NMET2001)
A. an art much as
B. much an art as
C. as an art much as
D. as much an art as
50.---I'm very ___with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
---Mm, it does have a ___smell. (2002春招)
A. pleasant; pleased
B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant
D. pleased; pleasant
51.Boris has brains. In fact ,I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the highest
1．C．原题中的three sisters这一信息词语暗示考生要用最高级的形式。clever的最高级有两种：the most clever，the cleverest
2．C．mostly是副词，意思是："主要地"，修饰整个句子。用most时应为most of the students；用almost 通常说almost all+n.
3．A．such与so修饰名词时可这样使用。
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数
so many/few十可数名词复数so much/little+不可数名词
4．A．few修饰可数名词的复数；much修饰不可数名词。
5．D．A、C项是语法错误。as…as之间不能用比较级形式。B项也是语法错误，than前没有比较级，把than变成as就对了。实际上not as…as=not more than．
6．D．sound是"听起来"的意思。它是系动词，其后接形容词做表语。类似的系动词还有look seem taste smell fell．
7．A．some常用在肯定句中，而any常用在否定、疑问和条件句中。
8．C．grain是不可数名词。A项是语法错误，as…as之间用原级，B项few不修饰grain，D项也如此。
10．C．该题考查了考生是否掌握形容词比较级的两种形式，该句可理解为：The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper，but not as good as those in this shop.
11．D．此处可理解为the box is too heavy for you to carry．
12．D．no longer强调时间；no more强调数量和次数。
13．C．better这一信息词可暗示考生用比较级形式，less修饰不可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词的复数。14．C．what与how修饰名词引起的感叹句：
what+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词
what+形容词+可数名词复数
what +形容词+不可数名词
How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数
注意what的用法与sach相似，how与so相似。且give s B. a surprise是惯用法。
15．A．用来修饰比较级的副词有：a little，a bit；even still；far，by far；a lot，a great deal；much，any(用于否定、疑问)；rather．
16．A．用比较级表示最高级的意思，用than+any other+单数名词(包括主语在内)或用any+单数名词(比较范围不包括主语在内)。因加拿大不属亚洲。如，把Asia改为North America，则B正确。17．A．taste是系动词，后接形容词做表语。B项well如果是形容词，表示"身体好"。但Things are well with me．属于特殊情况。参看6题。
18．C．参看15题。19．D．参看14题。
20．B．where引导表语从句，且where在表语从句中做地点状语。
21．A．当open做宾补时，一般用它的形容词，不用它的现在分词。又如：with his eyes open/closed 22．B．any修饰比较级时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中。
23．D．表示两者中"最…"的意思，用the+比较级。此句可理解Canada is the larger of the two countries. 24．D．no more与no longer变成not…any more或not…any longer时any more和any longer要置于句尾，可参看12题。
25 B．how often表示频率，与题意不符。how long句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词，是"多久"的意思。D 项rapid是形容词不能修饰动词。How soon的回答词用in+时间，因此，全句的意思是："在多长时间之内(或以后)你能画完画?"且句中谓语是瞬间动词。
26．D．可参看14题。weather是不可数名词。
27．D．此处可理解为It's quicker to go by road than by train．
28．D．参看14题。
29．A．原题中的but与excellent两个信息词可暗示考生，且not as…as相当于not more than，因此，该句的意思是："她讲的不如朋友的好，但她的笔头好。"
30．C．well是形容词"身体好"的意思。这是It's+adj+enoush to do sth句型。该句意思是："我身体已好，可以返回学校了。"
31．B．形容词的比较级修饰可数名词的单数时，前面不要忘了加a，泛指比较…的-个。例如，This shirt is a little larger．Could you show me a smaller one?
32．B．是29题的创新。该句的意思是："如果不比David好的话，那么会跟David踢的一样好。"if not better than为插入语。
33．A．从even when there's not much to say这一信息句可知。now and then相当于sometimes，occasionally和from time to time，B项by and by=soon，C项step by step=gradually，D项more or less=about，修饰名词，但也可修饰动词，作状语。
34．A．从答语中by car可知，how问的是方式。
35．D．have a good/happy time是惯用法，much修饰比较级。参看31题。
36．A．more与another在表示"再、又"时，用法不同，more置于数词后面，而another置于数词的前面。37．A．information是不可数名词。have a word with sb．相当于speak/talk to/with sb．与…谈话。38．C．however是连接副词，修饰形容词great并引导一个让步4状语从句，意思是："无论困难有多大。"
40．D．意为："我从未听过比她还好的噪音。"用比较级表达最高级的概念。
41．C．要知道形容词排列作定语的顺序。
42．B．与41题考查的目的相同。
43．B．可参看3题。
44．D．从下文It's better to be sure than sorry．即"确信要比后悔好"可知，填入D项。A、B、C项不符合逻辑。
45．C．该题考查副词用法。四个选项均为副词的比较级或最高级，题干的两个并列分句中，已给出some short stories和his plays这一特定的语境，表示二者之间的比较需用副词的比较级。well known是一个惯用词组，意为"出名的"、"众所周知的"，well的比较级为better，故答案为C。
46．C．形容词作后置定语。enough为副词，修饰形容词brave，放在其后。
47．D．意为"在国外通常是困难的，特别是你不会说外语"。
48．D．意为"我很吃惊你竟然被这么简单的一个诡计愚弄了。"此处，只有用D项才能准确表达这种语气。49．D．"教学更像是一门科学。"第一个as为副词。
50．D。51．B。
2006全国各省市高考试卷中的形容词,副词试题:
1．(全国卷2)8. Your story is perfect; I've never heard _______ before.
A. the better one
B. the best one
C. a better one
D. a good one
2．(上海春)42. Small cars are ___ of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers.
A. free
B. short
C. typical
D. economical
3．(天津卷)13. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least importance are skills.
A. fair
B. reasonable
C. equal
D. proper
4．(福建卷)26.Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally _____.
A. friendly
B. various
C. common
D. changeable
5．(江苏卷)33. I wish you'd do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less
B. any less
C. much more
D. a little more
6．(浙江卷)10. Letterboxes are much more _______ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
A. common
B. normal
C. ordinary
D. usual
7．(安徽省)22．Of the two sisters, Betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet．A．a younger B．a youngest
C．the younger D．the youngest
8．(辽宁卷)23.I hear_____boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball. （短语）
A. quite a lot
B. quite a few
C. quite a bit
D. quite a little
9．(上海春)44. The performer was waving his stick in the street and it ___ missed the child standing nearby.
A. narrowly
B. nearly
C. hardly
D. closely
10．(江西卷)25．The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings；_________，it caused 20 deaths.
11．(江西卷)30．Attention，coffee lovers! We have for you，the best coffee machine _________ invented．
A. ever B．already C. even D．nowadays
12．(湖北卷)30. I'm certain David's told you his business troubles. ______, it's no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.
A. However
B. Anyway
C. Therefore
D. Though
13．(湖南卷)29.Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way________ to the Home Circle Building.
A. easy enough
B. enough easy
C. easily enough
D. enough easily
14．(江苏卷)25. --- Are you going to have a holiday this year?
--- I'd love to. I can't wait to leave this place ______.
A. off
B. out
C. behind
D. over
15．(江苏卷)26. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _______ have been solved by the end of next week.
A. eagerly
B. hopefully
C. immediatel
D. gradually
16．(广东卷)23. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have heard of her.
A. even
B. ever
C. just
D. never
17．(浙江卷)9. _________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.
A. Only
B. Just
C. Still
D. Yet
18．(浙江卷)12. Progress so far has been very good. _______, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.
A. However
B. Otherwise
C. Therefore
D. Besides
19．(北京卷)21. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _____ water and electricity than _____ models.
A. less ; older
B. less ; elder
C. fewer ; older
D. fewer ; elder
20．(上海春)31. Some experts think that language learning is much ___ for children as their tongues are more flexible.
A. easy
B. easier
C. easily
D. more easily
21．(江西卷)35．I don't think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_________.
A. better B．worse C．the best D．the worst
22．(全国卷2)14. -Did you take enough money with you?
-No, I needed _______ I thought I would.
A. not so much as
B. as much as
C. much more than
D. much less than
23．(广东卷)28. Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. _____ , their political influence should be very great.
A. As a result
B. As usual
C. Even so
D. So far
24．(浙江卷)15. We always keep ________ spare paper, in case we ran out.
A. too much
B. a number of
C. plenty of
D. a good many
Keys: 1-10 CDCAA ACAAD 11-20 ABCCB BACAB 21-24 BCCC
高考英语语法知识讲解 (名师详细讲解语法+配套实战练习，零基础也可以学 好英语，建议下载保存) (绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印收藏) (每天背诵提高英语语感。零基础学英语，每天进步一 点点！)
第一讲座：名词---基础篇 一、名词的复数： 1. 名词变复数的规则形式： 1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups 2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es： city-------cities family-----families 3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es： bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches 4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es： tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes 5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es： leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的： man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同： deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4. 某国人的复数： 1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1. 不可数名词： 1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式； 4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示； 2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词： a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格：
名词性从句 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成 份时，指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。 引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。 ◆____we can’t get∧seems better than ____ we have∧. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。 ◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）： 〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this B．that C．what D．which 考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：C 〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which in介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why、how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C. 〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what 所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选D。其余选项与题意不符。 〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
.* 高考英语必考语法大全（史上最简约版） 高考之前，各位考生需要从以下几个方面做好准备： 词法、句法、时态与语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、倒装句 接下来我们分别对这些知识进行讲解阐释： 第一：词法 作用：英语是由词、句、篇构成，单词的词性是打开英语大门的钥匙，词法是英语学习的基础。 地位：词法能帮助考生理解许多英语概念，只有掌握了词性知识，才能理解英语句子结构，从而理解句子及整篇文章。 学习方法：牢固掌握每个词性的句法功能，及每个句子成分都由哪些词性的单词构成。主抓实词，兼顾虚词，总结固定词组。 ①名词 A.句法功能 主语：The book is on the desk. 表语：The tall man is a singer. 宾语：I found a cat on the grass. 宾语补足语：We call him a hero. 定语：I found a stone wall in the village. 同位语：Mr. Liu, our English teacher, is very handsome. 状语：The desk weighs 20 kilograms. B. 所有格 a.含义： 表所属关系： my mom’s dress 表类别： a woman’s school 表动作的执行者或承受者： my father’s praise
.* b.分类 ‘s所有格表有生命的 my father’s car of所有格表无生命的 the cover of the book 双重所有格表部分概念或某种感情 a friend of my sister’s ②冠词 不定冠词：a, an 表泛指，每一，类别，抽象名词具体化 定冠词: the 表特指的人或物 零冠词：表许多特殊含义和特殊用法 ③代词 A人称代词 主格：I you he she it we you they 宾格：me you him her it us you them B 物主代词 形容词性：my you’re his her its our you’re their 名词性：mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs C 反身代词 单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves D 相互代词 each other one another each other’s one another’s E 指示代词 this that these those such same F 疑问代词 who whom whose which what G 连接代词 who whom which what that whose whoever whomever whatever
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
2020年高考英语语法必考考点（14） 特殊句型 【考点解读】 一、倒装 “倒装句”从结构上看有完全倒装和部分倒装两种。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作完全倒装；只将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装。 从实际使用看，倒装有两种功能作用：一是出于语法要求的语法倒装；二是出于修辞或强调需要的修辞倒装。 (一)完全倒装 1. 表示方式或方位的副词与介词短语等置于句首时。常见的有：there, here, in, out, away, up, down, from, off, back, over, then, now, so, thus, in the room, on the wall等。 There exist different opinions on this question. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. *当主语为代词时主谓不倒装。试比较： Out rushed the children. Out they rushed. 2. such置于句首时。 Such are the facts, and no one can deny them. 3. 表语置于句首时。 Gone are the days when my heart was young and happy. (二)部分倒装
1. 当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句。 Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard. *only后面接句子主语时，不需要用倒装句式。 Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood waters.(2012·上海高考) 2. 否定副词或词组not, nor, never, hardly, rarely, few, seldom, little, neither, by no means, at no time, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time置于句首时。 Never in my life have I seen such a thing. Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark. 3. often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或频度副词(短语)置于句首时。 Many a time has John given me good advice. 4. 在以下九个固定句式结构中，句子可以部分倒装。 (1)so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。 He used to do sports every day. So did I. *在答句中，有些情况不用倒装，这时，意义有所不同。 —Li Hua has made great progress in his spoken English. —So he has.(意为“他确实如此”。表示对以上陈述的肯定赞同) (2)neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。 The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor will he even give it a thought. (3) so ...that ... So hard did he overwork that he fell ill at last. (4) neither ...nor ... Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. (5) not only ...but (also) ... Not only do I like painting, but I (also) take a course.
高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 1. 语态和时态 —do you see those people on the little sandy island? —yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. i wonder why. a. were waving b. waved c. had waved d. have been waving 【正确答案】d 【高考考点】考查动词时态。现在完成进行时：表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束，句中常出现用for, since,how long等引导的时间状语。 his telephone has been ringing for a long it hasbeen raining since last sunday. how long have you been wearing glasses? 【题干句意】“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的，我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕，我不知道为什么。” 【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的，然后一直在挥，一直挥到了说话的这个时候，所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时，强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看
一下其他几个时态： a选项是were waving——过去进行时，它指的是：①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;——过去时，过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作，所以我们知道a 和b这两个时态都是和过去有关，而和现在是没有一点关系的，所以a和b这两个答案错了。 c. had waved——过去完成时：过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态，那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去，例如： by theend of last year, we had built 5 newschools.到去年年底为止，我们已经建造了5所学校。首先，过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前，所以我们用过去完成时——hadbuil d.和现在是更加没有联系了，所以这个答案也是不正确的。 题干中的时间状语是“for the last halfhour”，注意这个last不是指“最后的”，而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”，那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last halfhour、recent这种词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时，因为它指的是“刚才”，那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是d. 2. 名词性从句 the information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.
2021高考英语语法重点难点知识点汇 总（精华版） 高中阶段的英语学习，其实就是学语法、记单词和研究并熟练题型。 其中，语法是大多数同学最头疼的问题，原因在于其内容之繁杂和零散，因此，将高中英语所有语法项目总结在一起，供同学系统学习。 高考英语语法项目汇总 01 名词 (1)可数名词及其单复数 (2)不可数名词 (3)专有名词 (4)名词所有格 02 代词 （1）人称代词：主格和宾格形式
（2）物主代词：形容词与名词性形式 （3）反身代词：myself, himself, ourselves, etc. （4）指示代词 this, that, these, those （5）不定代词 some, any, no, etc. （6）疑问代词 what, who, whose, which, etc. 03 数词 (1)基数词 (2)序数词 04 介词和介词短语词： 汇表中所列介词的基本用法 05 连词： 词汇表中所列连词的基本用法 06
形容词 (比较级和最高级) （1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法 （2）比较等级 ( 原级、比较级、最高级)的基本用法 ①构成 -er, -est; more, the most ②基本句型 as＋原级形式＋as. . . not as ( so)＋原级形式＋as. . . 比较级形式＋than. . . the＋最高级形式＋. . . in ( of). . . 07 副词 (比较级和最高级) （1）表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法（2）疑问副词when, where, how （3）比较等级 ( 原级、比较级、最高级)
英语高考语法知识点总结大全 英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语高考语法知识点有哪些?下面就是给大家带来的英语高考知识点，希望能帮助到大家! 英语高考知识点1 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 (1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况。 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said ，(reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…，It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
高考英语语法填空必备词汇总结 ability 能力-able 能够的-unable 无能力的-ably 精明能干地-disable 使残废； absence 缺席-absent 缺席的-absently 漫不经心； admit 承认-admission 承认-admitted 公认的; Africa 非洲-African 非洲人-African 非洲的，非洲人的analyze 分析-analysis 分析-analytic 分析的-analytically 分析地； anger 愤怒-angry 生气的-angrily 生气地; annoy 惹恼-annoyance 烦恼-annoying 讨厌的/annoyed 恼怒的-annoyingly 烦人地;anxiety 渴望-anxious 焦虑的-anxiously 焦虑地； annual 每年的-annually 每年地;apologize 道歉-apology 道歉-apologetic 道歉的-apologetically 抱歉地;appear 显得-appearance 外貌，出现；apply 申请，用-applicant 申请人-application 申请表; 形arrive 至U达-arrival 至U达-arriver 至U达者-arrived 已到达的；Asia 亚洲-Asian 亚洲人-Asian 亚洲的；assist 帮助 -assistant 助理-assistance 帮助-assistant 助理的；astonish 使惊讶-astonishment 惊异-astonished 吃惊的/astonishing 惊人的-astonishingly 惊讶地;Australia 澳大利亚-Australian 澳大利亚人-Australian 澳大利亚
高考语法知识清单 词法 一、名词 1. 名词的分类 2. 名词的数 3. 名词的格 4. 名词的修饰语 5. 名词的功能 不定冠词 定冠词 零冠词 有无冠词的区别 三、代词 1. 人称代词 2. 物主代词 3. 反身代词 4. 指示代词 5. 不定代词 6. 相互代词 疑问代词 连接代词和关系代词 1. 形容词的构成 形容词的功能 形容词的位置 形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 副词的构成 副词的功能 副词的位置 副词的比较级和最高级 六、介词和介词短语 介词的分类 介词短语及其功能 3. 常见介词的用法 常见易混介词辨析 介词的固定搭配 七、数词 1. 基数词 2. 序数词 3. 数词的句法功能 4. 分数、小数、百分数 八、连词和感叹词 并列连词 从属连词 感叹词 九、动词和动词短语 1. 动词的分类 2. 情态动词的用法 1) 一般现在时 2) 一般过去时 3) 一般将来时 4) 现在进行时 5) 过去进行时 6) 将来进行时 7) 现在完成时 8) 过去完成时 9) 将来完成时 10) 现在完成进行时 11) 过去完成进行时 12) 时态的呼应 2. 语态 1) 被动语态的构成 2) 被动语态的用法 3) 主动和被动的转换 2. 虚拟语气在条件句中 3. 虚拟语气在主从、宾从、表从、同位语 从、定从和状从中的应用 4. 其他用法 动词不定式 2. 动名词 3. 分词 4. 独立主格
句法 一、句子成分和句子种类 1.句子成分 2.句子种类 2.主谓一致的几种情况 2.主语从句 3.宾语从句 4.表语从句 5.同位语从句 6.直接引语和间接引语 2.定语从句的分类 3.关系代词 4.关系副词 5.介词+关系代词 6.注意事项 7.定语从句和同位语从句的区别 8.定语从句和短语的转化 2.地点状语从句 3.条件状语从句 4.目的状语从句 5.原因状语从句 6.结果状语从句 7.让步状语从句 8.比较状语从句 9.方式状语从句 10.状语从句的省略 六、特殊句式 1.there be结构 倒装 强调 省略 5.插入语 七、情景交际 1.社会交往 2.态度 3.情感
2017高考英语重点语法： 高考英语常考语法总结——形容词和副词形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、最高级的使用;倍数的表达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。 关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面： 1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。 2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。 3. 考查多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。 5. 考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 6. 考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。 7. 考查形容词和副词的比较等级。 8. 考查比较等级的修饰语。 考点1：在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看，此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。
高考英语必备语法知识整理 高考英语必备语法——常见连接词 (1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词： either…or…,neither…nor…,or,aswellas,and,both…a nd…. (2)表因果关系的连接词： therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof,becauseof,duet o,owingto,thanksto等。 (3)表时间顺序的连接词： the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,mean while,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first time,the minute. (4)表转折关系的连接词：yet,and yet,but,while,on the contrary,on the otherhand,however,at the same time等。 (5)表解释说明的连接词：that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for example,for instance,and soon,etc, and the like,and what not等。
(6)表总结的连接词：in aword,onthe whole,in short,to sumup,in all等 2高考英语必备语法——主语 主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。在原始的简单句中，主语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） 3高考英语必备语法——谓语 谓语（动词）：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1．简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.
2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：动名词专项练习单项选择 1. I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 2. Bill suggested __ __ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold 3. He told us whether ____ ___ a picnic was still under discussion A. to have B. having C. have D. had 4. It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular, and ___ ___ better ones of your own. A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced 5. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried __ ___ alone，but she didn’t like it and moved back home. A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived Keys: DCBCA
2019年高考英语语法必考考点（4）：介词含解析 李仕才 【考点解读】 介词无法在句中独立担当成分，其后一般接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，还可接不定式（如：except, but）或that引导的从句作宾语，构成介词短语，有时还可接另外一个介词短语（如：from among the trees）。 一、介词的分类： 1. 从结构上分，可分为：简单介词（如：at, in, on, for, over, up）、合成介词（如：inside, outside, within, without）、以-ing结尾的介词（如：concerning, including, excluding, following）和短语介词（如：according to, because of, apart from, in case of）。 2. 从含义上分，可分为表示时间（如：at, in, on, before, between）、地点（如：at, in, on, under, behind）、趋向（如：to / towards, across, off, up）、原因（如：for, with, due to）、让步（如：despite, in spite of）和条件（如：in case of, without, but for）等的介词。 二．核心介词必备清单： 1)表示“时间”的介词： (1) at，on，in
at：用在钟点、黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜、节日等时间名词前或表示一段时间的开头或结尾。 at 12：00，at noon，at night，at midnight, at dawn，at daybreak，at sunrise，at the weekend，at Christmas on：用在具体的某一天、星期几及某一天的上午、下午、晚上等的时间名词前，即on 表示具体的时间。 on October 1st，on a rainy day，on National Day，on the morning of January 3rd，on the afternoon of his arrival in：用在某年、月、季节、上午、下午、晚上等的时间名词以及较长的时间如世纪、朝代之前。 in the Tang Dynasty，in September，in the morning/afternoon/evening 注意: 当时间名词前有this，that，last，next，some，every等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。 (2) for，during，through for：指某个动作或状态持续了多少时间。 during：指某个动作或状态在某个时间段里或整个过程中断断续续地发生过多次，或在整个时间段里的某一点发生过，起止时间比较明显。 through：在……期间；从……开头到结尾(最后那天包括在内，此时与throughout相同) (3) from，since from: 只用作介词，表示某动作或情况自某时开始，不表示什么时候结束。
定语从句及连词 as与which均可替代整个主句 在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。介词/逗号后, 永远不用that! 关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替 代由such，the same等修饰的先行词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或 置于句尾，而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义，使 用which。As引导的定性定语从句有"正如"之意，而which引导的没有。 〖2010全国Ⅰ〗As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所 修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只 有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。 〖2010四川〗After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where 此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为：―大学毕 业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。‖ 〖2009山东〗Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 不论何时遇见她, 她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句, 从句_________ was fairly often插在主句中的时间状语从句后, 关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。 〖2009辽宁〗They‘ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 此处意思是―他们赢得了最后的三场比赛, 我觉得这确实有点让人意外‖, which代替上句―They‘ve won their last three matches‖做find的宾语, 选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中, B, C此处没有他们的意思。
1 主谓一致常考难题 1、一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses, chopsticks,scissors等。 2、如果主语用a kind of,a pair of,a series of等加名词构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如：A pair of shoes was on the desk． 3、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:Truth and honesty is the best policy． 4、当主语后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than, along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but, except,besides,including,in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:The teacher as well as the students was excited． 5、A(great)number of修饰可数复数名词,谓语动词用复数;a great deal of,a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 6、关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。例如:Those who want to go please sign your names here．