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the translation of culture-loaded words in Chinses and English

the translation of culture-loaded words in Chinses and  English
the translation of culture-loaded words in Chinses and  English

《跨文化交际》学期论文

A Comparative Study

on the Translation of

Culture-loaded Words in Chinese and English

Name: 赵然

Number: 1112012013

Class: 11级英语2班

1. Introduction

In the language system, culture-loaded words are the vocabulary which can best embody the culture information that a language carries and they also reflect the human social life, especially for the totally different languages like Chinese and English. However, this kind of differences cast great difficulties on the translation between Chinese and English. Therefore, it is suggested that the translator should take cultural factors into special consideration and make deft use it in different cultural contexts.

When it comes to how to translate these special words, culture-loaded words between Chinese and English, what should be emphasized is the national culture involved in them. English translation of Chinese culture-loaded focus more on their involved meaning and paraphrase them in their pattern of thoughts. There is a comm only known story called “东施效颦”. Almost all the Chinese people know that it is a story about a girl blindly imitating others without considering owns situation. Here is the English translation of it: If so, she’s Tung Shih imitating His Shih. His Shih is a famous beauty in the ancient Kingdom of Yueh. Tung Shih was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her way.”

2. Culture-loaded Words

“东施效颦”can be called a culture-loaded word in China for it involves classical characteristics which can not be understood by foreigners.

In the same way, when we read some foreign literature, we also come across certain words which can be traced back to bible, or some classical works. For example, for the affection of young ladies is of as rapid ad Jack’s bean-stalk, and reaches up to the sky in a night. In the example, “Jack’s bean-stalk” is a cultural allusion, which is intelligible to the source readers.

In some aspects, there is nearly no equivalent translation between these two systems of language. In 2008 Beijing Olympics, the mascot was translated into friendlies. This word surly is familiared by foreigners but most importantly, this word has difficulty in reflecting the feature of Chinese and China. Therefore, the best way of expressing it can be Fuwa. From this example, it can be easily drawn that in the situation where no equivalence can be found between Chinese and English, using pinyin maybe the best way. Words use pinyin better showing the original meanings like, pipa(琵琶),erhu(二胡),jiaozi(饺子),changsam(旗袍,长衫),congou(功夫茶),kowtow(扣头),kang(炕),Chingming(清明),litchi(荔枝),taichi(太极拳), baozi(包子),xiucai(秀才),fengshui(风水),etc.

In other aspects, some words in Chinese may have particular meaning while in the English context do not. Fo r example, the proverb “过着牛马不如的生活”can be translated into “lead a dog’s life”. “笑掉大牙”is translated into “ to laugh off one’s

head”. From the above examples, we can know that things or animals like cattle, horse have different meanings in different context, so they has to be changed into the things with equivalent denotation in their context. The word "dog" in western countries means loyalty which is different from its denotation in China. The dog is "man's best friend", and almost everyone likes dogs, just as the saying "love me,love my dog". But a child brought up in the Chinese culture would be taught that the dog is a dirty and dangerous animal. “力大如牛”should be translated into “as strong as a horse”. “挥金如土”is translated into “to spend money like water”. The ox in China is equivalent to horse in terms of the strength in English just as well as soil has the same denotation with water in this context.

3. color words

In the nations of the world language, color words can hardly be affected by the geographical environment, local customs, religious beliefs. That is to say, the translation of color words can only be sought to cultural factors, which also provides a huge obstacle to the translation work.

The hidden cultural meanings of color like red or white is commonly known by most of people. It may be better to talk about colors like black and pink. About pink, there is a little story. A foreign student studying in an unknown country where Chinese students are not common goes to school by a pink car because he buys the pinky car for a senior for its cheap price. He gradually finds that one boy pays special attention on himself. Later, he finally finds the reason why he gets such special attention from a stranger. The boy who is a gay thinks he is a gay too for his pinky car. In their eyes, it is rare for male to drive a car with pink color.

As to black, though this kind of color shares a lot of similarities which are mainly derogatory between Chinese and English, to some extend, black has some commendatory meanings particularly in Chinese. For instance, black can represent resolution, solemnness, impartiality and honesty. To Chinese people, Lord Bao may be the best embodiment of the justice whose skin is very black. However, in English, there exist no meanings like this. All the meaning of black is related to darkness and illicit. There are also phrases like “black future” (暗淡的前途), “black sheep” (败家子) and “black Monday” (黑色星期一) black market” (黑市), “black list” (黑名单), “black humor” (黑色幽默) which can express this meaning. People in English-speaking countries wear black on the occasion of the funeral, and Chinese people used to wear black yarn to express their sadness and condolence as well.

Color plays a remarkable role not only in people’s daily life, inter-cultural communication also in intercultural translation. By analyzing the similarities and dissimilarities of the English and Chinese basic color terms, more history

4. Conclusion

People’ perception, evaluation and attitude are different among different races, countries, etc, so there is culture-difference. And vocabulary especially culture-loaded words can reflect this kind of difference. Normally people who have been initiated into the culture related to mother tongue are naturally inclined to interpret things with their own culture preferences. Translation of culture-loaded words between Chinese and English is supposed to take all of these into consideration to precisely convey what these culture-loaded words really mean.

Reference

https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69464652.html,/wiki/Social_group

https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69464652.html,/i/intercultural-communication//

McGuire, M. & McDermott, S. (1988), "Communication in assimilation, deviance, and alienation states", in: Y.Y. Kim & W.B. Gudykunst (Eds.), Cross-Cultural Adaption, 90 - 105, Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

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