初三复习专题：介词和介词短语（提升）
时间:___________姓名：___________
一、单选题
1．I like to sit __________ the bus .
A. in the front of
B. in front of
C. in the front
D. at back of
2．In China, people walk _________ the street.
A. on the left
B. on the right of
C. in the middle of
D. on the left of
3．She doesn’t like the book you are interested . A. which, in B. which, X C. who, in D. that, X 4．The strategies that he came up with fine.
A. work out
B. worked out
C. working out
D. to work out 5．— Please turn off the light.
—OK, Mom. I won’t leave the room ______ the light _____.
A. when; on
B. with; on
C. with; off
D. when; off
7．Boys and girls, wish you to do well in the English exam ____ a light heart. Good luck to everyone!
A. on
B. with
C. without
8．Do you remember the popular singer __________ long straight hair?
A. has
B. is
C. looks like
D. with
9．Don’t shout at her. She’s just a little girl .
A. all after
B. after all
C. too
D. although 10．We have been in No. 7 Middle School ____ three years.
A. since
B. in
C. for
11．The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last. A. on B. over C. through D. across
12．Mr. Lin gave the textbooks to all the students ______ the ones who had already taken them.
A. except
B. including
C. among
D. with
13．---It is said that a new zoo will be built in our town.
---I’m ___________it. Zoos are terrible for animals.
A. through
B. besides
C. against
D. except
14．–What did you get ____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day?
–A beautiful card with “Thank you, Mum”.
A. for; in
B. for; on
C. to; for
D. to; at
15．Our sports meeting has been ____ till next Monday because of the bad weather.
A. put on
B. put up
C. put off
D. put down
16．--How many members are there on the team?
--Eight this term. But there will be ten _________ next term. I’m not quite sure.
A. at all
B. at last
C. at least
D. at once
17．Let’s go ____ the road. The shop is ____ the other side.
A. across; on
B. cross; on
C. through; in
D. between; on
18．She gave the students a lesson ____ Mr. Wang.
A. instead
B. instead of
C. instead on
D. instead in
19．–I hear some students will go on a picnic this Sunday.
–Yes, and ____ them will be Zhao Mei.
A. in
B. between
C. on
D. among
20．–Your coat look nice. What is it ____? –Cotton.
A. made of
B. made in
C. made from
21．I would rather _____ at home than______.
A. stay ; go out
B. to stay; to go out
C. to stay; go out
D. stay ; to go out
22．－Lily’s ideas are ________________ yours.
－I know. She never agrees with me.
A. the same as
B. the same like
C. different from
D. different with
23．, volunteering is both a chance to help others and a good way to develop ourselves.So you'd better make time to volunteer.
A. To my surprise
B. To be honest
C. To start with 24．---Let’s go hiking ___________ staying at home , shall we?
----A good idea.
A. as well as
B.in order to
C.instead of
D.in addition to
25．Several months later, he found his deskmate very difficult _______.
A. to get along with
B. getting along with
C. to get along
D. to be gotten along with
26．There are many tall trees _____ our classroom.
A.in the front
B.in front
C.in front of
D.in the front of 27．You Can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud__________ yourself and stand tall like a sunflower．
A．on B．from C．of
28．These coats are different ____ size.
A. from
B. of
C. to
D. in
29．–What do you call this in English?
–It’s stamp. It is used ____ sending letters.
A. for
B. to
C. with
D. by
30．Sanya is in the south of the island and it is famous
____ “Tianya Haijiao”.
A. as
B. for
C. in
D. at
参考答案
1．A
【解析】in front of就是指在某物的前方。in the front of是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。in the front是在前面，at back of中back前缺少定冠词。根据题意我喜欢坐在公交车前部.选项A 最符合题意。
2．B
【解析】B “靠路的右边” on the right of the street，选B。
3．A
【解析】be interested in是固定词组，意为：对……感兴趣。which指的是the book,引导定语从句。整句理解：她不喜欢你感兴趣的那本书。所以选A。
4．B
【解析】考察时态。句意：他提出的战略效果良好。只有发生作用了才会有效果，可知叙述的是过去的动作，故用过去时态。
5．B
【解析】试题分析：根据题干可知，本句的意思是“开着灯，我不会离开的”，when是引导词，后面应该跟句子，故应该排除AD；“开”用on。所以本题选B。
考点：本题考查介词的用法。
点评：做本题时，只有理解with表示伴随的情况，方能选出正确的答案。对于on和off的用法比较简单。本句是经常考到的句型。
【答案】D
【解析】
句意为这件红色的衬衫不适合你，我认为黑色的穿在你身上看起来比较好看。根据语境应用将来时态，穿在身上用on ，in 后加颜色，故选D 。
7．B
【解析】本题的含义为孩子们，希望你们用放松的心态来做好这次测验，祝大家好运，with表示通过某种方式，符合本题的含义，故本题选B。
8．D
【解析】本题考查的是with表示的伴随状语，句意：你记得那个留着长发的流行歌曲明星吗？结合语境可知本句不缺少谓语动词，with做定语表示带有，伴随状态，故选D。
9．B
【解析】考查固定短语：after all 毕竟，终究，句意：不要冲着她大喊，毕竟她只是一个小女孩。故选B。
10．C
【解析】本题考察介词的使用。本题的含义为我们在第七中学学习的时间长达3年。For表示达的含义，后跟一段时间，符合题意，而since表示自从的含义，后跟时间点，in后跟时间表示在多久以后，通常用于将来时，故since 和in与题意不符，故本题选C。
11．C
【解析】本题考查介词。through表示从事物内部通过；across表示从事物表面通过。句意：年轻人穿过森林，最后来到一条大河。
12．A
【解析】本题考查介词。except除了。句意：林先生发给所有学生教科书，除了那些已经拿了书的学生。
13．C
【解析】考查介词辨析。through 通过，besides 在旁边，against表示反对，except除了，句意：据说一个新的公园将在我们城市建造。我反对。动物园对动物来说太可怕了。所以选C。
14．B
【解析】本题的含义为在母亲节你为你的母亲买了什么，for表示为的含义，表示在某个节日那天用介词on，故本题选B。
15．C
【解析】put off推迟put on穿上put up挂起来put down镇压。句意为“我们的运动会因为糟糕的天气被推迟到下周一了。”
16．C
【解析】本题的含义是这学期队里有八个成员，但下学期至少有十个，意思才更符合，at
Least表示至少，故选C。at all 根本，at last 最后，at once马上，意思都不
符合。
17．A
【解析】本题的含义为让我们穿过马路，商店在道路的另一头，across表示从事物的表面通过。Through表示从事物的内部或空中通过，on the other side表示在另一边的含义，固定搭配。故本题选A。
18．B
【解析】短语辨析题。instead of“代替”后接名词作宾语，instead代替”其后用逗号与其他成分隔开在句中作状语。句意：她代替王老师给学生们上课。
19．D
【解析】本题的含义为我听说一些学生将要去参加野餐，是的，赵梅也在他们当中，among表示两者以上的中间，与本题题意相符，故本题选D。
20．C
【解析】本题考查介词。be made from看不出原材料。句意：——你的外套看起来很漂亮。它是什么造的？——棉的，
21．A
【解析】would rather……than表示宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事，后面都跟动词原形，故本题选A。
22．C
【解析】她从来不同意我，那么她的观点应该与我的不同，different from表示与……不同，故本题选C。
23．B
【解析】考查介词短语的辨析。后面内容是对volunteering的解释，属于事实。因此用To be honest (说实话)。24．C
【解析】本题的含义是让我们去徒步旅行而不是呆在家里，instead of表示代替的含义，后跟动名词，与本题题意相符，故本题选C。
25．D
【解析】略
26．C
【解析】本题的含义是在教室前面有许多的高大的树木，树应该在教室外面的前面，表示在外部前面通常用in front of，内部前面用in the front of，后面没有名词用A或B，故选C。
27．C
【解析】考查固定词组：be proud of固定搭配对…感到骄傲。句意：当你以自己为荣，想个太阳花一样站得高高的时候，你就可以达到目标。选C。
28．D
【解析】本题的含义为这些外套在尺寸大小上是不同的，be different in表示在某方面是不同的含义，故本题选D。29．A
【解析】本题的含义为邮票被用于发送信件的，be used for表示被用于做某事的含义，for表示目的，用途，故本题选A。
30．B
【解析】考查介词.句意:三亚在这个岛的南部,因天涯海角而著名.be famous for因某事物而著名,be famous as作为某种人物著名。天涯海角是物,故选B.
高中英语之介词和介词短语知识点 介词的分类 介词短语的功能 介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。 1、做定语 如：They didn't find the solution to the problem. 2、做状语 如：We have breakfast at seven.(表时间） They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因） 3、做表语 如：What do you mean by doing such a thing?(表方法）Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表条件）4、作宾语补足语 如：I found the old building in a bad condition.
常考介词辨析 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。 1、表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
2、常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别 3、容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组
4、常用介词辨异 ①about,on,of 关于 （1）on 多用于慎重的、正式的语言交际场合。常见于”学术上”的”论文”或”演说”等题目，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读，有”论及”之意。 （2）about表示的内容多为普遍、不那么正式，有”述及”之意。 （3）of作”关于”讲，表示提及、涉及某人（事）时，只表示事情存在或发生，并不涉及详情；有时与about意义相
高考英语专题练习（五） 介词与介词短语 1．The university started some new language programs to cater _______ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt. 2．The whole team count _______ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down. 3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but _______ Thomas Edison. 4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _______ animals both on land and sea? 5．Most people work because it's unavoidable. _______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for straight facts. 7．These comments came in response _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area. I would like to warn you _______ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃_______ the average. 10．The little pupil took his grandma _______ the arm and walked her across the street. 11．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃____ the average. A．below B．on C．at D．above 12．September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill. A．by B．for C．with D．in 13．These comments came _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A．in memory of B．in response to C．in touch with D．in possession of 14．What we expect from you is working hard hardly working? A．less than B．rather than C．as well as D．as much as 15．_______ a common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform. A．of B．on C．to D．with 16．Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting. A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale 17．Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _______ sale. 18．But Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution _______ these villages without a local shop. 19．When Jane got home, with her small but well－chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _______ table having supper. 21．Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _______ greater success in one's life. 22．Respect is very important _______ home, at school, and everywhere you go.
（一）介词概述 介词是一种虚词，在句子中不单独作任何句子成分。它是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词。它常和名词、动词、形容词等搭配，构成固定短语，表示不同意思。介词还可以与名词构成介词短语，表示方位、方向、时间、地点、方式、原因等。这些介词短语在句中可充当定语、状语、补语等。2000—2005年的中考中主要考了形容词与介词的搭配：如：be famous for；表示时间的介词，如：at night；动词与介词的搭配，如：arrive in/have dinner with sb.；表示方式、手段的介词，如：by phone/in English. （二）基础知识梳理 1．名词与介词的搭配 a bit of有一点儿 a couple of两个、几个 a kind of一种、一类cover an area of占地面积 have pity on sb.怜悯某人huge amounts of大量的 make friends with与……交朋友make fun of拿……开玩笑 meet the needs of迎合……的需要one after another一个接一个；连续地 play a trick on捉弄the week after next下下周 2．动词与介词的搭配 agree with sb.同意某人的意见apologize to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉arrive at/in a place到达某地ask for请求、寻求 be covered with被……所覆盖be made of由……制成 be made up of由……组成belong to属于 break into破门而人、闯入 call on拜访 care for照顾、喜欢carry out执行 check in办理登机come across被理解；遇见 come from出生于、来自come on跟我来、走吧
介词和介词短语(知识梳理) 真题再现： 1. 〔They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better. A. out of date B. out of order C. around the clock D. around the corner 2. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperatur e 0.68 ℃____ the average. A. below B. on C. at D. above 3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _________ anim als both on land and sea? A. about B. to C. with D. over 4. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion 5. These comments came specific questions often asked b y local newsmen. A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of 6. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around __ ______ Thomas Edison. A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for 7. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn y ou _______ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
专题四介词和介词短语 满分突破 Ⅰ.单选练考点 ( )1.Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969. A.in B.on C.at D.for ( )2. The Dragon Boat Festival falls May or June every year. A.in B.on C. at D.between ( )3.More and more people in Qingdao go to work subway now. A.with B.on C.in D.by ( )4.Frank is an independent boy. His parents are proud him. A.on B.to C.in D.of ( )5.—Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school? —Yes. It’s the fifth floor. A.on B.in C.at D.to Ⅱ.完成句子:根据所给汉语意思，用短语完成下列英文句子 1.有人担心将来机器人会取代人类。 Some people worry that robots will take the place of humans . 2.在那个年代，书籍是靠手工制作的。 In those days, books were produced . 3.总体来说，这个产品满足了大部分顾客的需求。 , the product meets most of customers’ need. 4.扬州位于江苏中部，以其悠久的历史和文化而闻名。 Yangzhou lies Jiangsu Province and is known for its long history and culture. 5.克里在公园对面的中国银行上班。 Rick works at the Bank of China . Ⅲ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 1. a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. 2.The English teacher told me to get there half past ten. 3.Miss Wang will come to Beijing two days. 4.Do you see the kite the building? 5.The thief got into the room the window.
第二部分语法专题研究 专题五介词及介词短语 1. (2019安徽)On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel ________ the window. A. by B. for C. with D. from 2. (2019盐城)A marathon was held in Yancheng ________ 21 April, which drew 12，000 runners. A. on B. in C. at D. by 3. (2019孝感)To my great joy, my family is always ________ me whatever I decide to do. A. behind B. to C. from D. against 4. (2019淮安)________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole. A. At B. In C. On D. With 5. (2019呼和浩特)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________ the windows. A. against B. across C. above D. below 6. (2020原创)Last year, I went to Cambridge which lies ________ the east of England on the River Cam. A. on B. at C. in D. to 7. (2020原创)My new shoes are ________ my chair. Please pass them to me. A. to B. under C. between D. of 8. (2020原创)Students shouldn't go to school ________ breakfast. It's bad for their health. A. with B. without C. for D. at 9. (2020原创)She can express herself ________ both Chinese and Spanish. She has a gift of language. A. on B. to C. in D. by 10. (2020原创)Walking in the countryside can remind me ________ my happy childhood. A. in B. of C. off D. for 11. (2020原创)I have run out of my pocket money. I spent 100 yuan ________ some favorite books. A. for B. with C. on D. at 12. (2020原创)Don't treat me ________ a guest. I can make myself at home and can also help you prepare the dinner. A. as B. of C. to D. for 13. (2020原创)What were you doing ________ 5 p．m. yesterday? I went to your house but you weren't at home. A. to B. at C. on D. by
介词的分类和应用英语介词虽是小词，数量也不多，但它灵活多变，随处可见，功能强大而且难于掌握。在现代英语中，介词的地位非常重要。我们切不可小看这个小角色，不可忽视它的作用。如果你能在英语介词上下一番功夫，那么你的英语水平会有一个飞跃提高。 英语介词分类:按结构英语介词可分为3类： 1．简单介词（约有70个），如：in，at，on，by，with，down，for，beside，along，across等。 2．分词介词（约15个）如：during，following，considering，regarding，speaking，judging，talking等。 3．成语介词（约有500个）如：out of，apart from（除之外：别无、尚有），because of，by means of用、依靠等。 按意义英语介词可分为3类： 1. 时间介词，如：at, on, in, during, over, from, for, until等。 2. 地点介词,如：at, on, in, across, to, over, between, inside, outside等。 3. 其它介词，如：by, with, about, except, instead of, due to, apart from等。 介词-- 从不独立行动的精灵 英语介词不可单独使用，只能与不同的此类构成介词短语来在句子中担当一个成分。常用的五种介词短语 1.介词+名词：at the door, into the bag 2.介词+代词: for me, of others 3.介词+动名词: in doing so, to my saying that 4.介词+连接副词/连接代词/what从句:over what he had better do 5.介词+连接副词/连接代词+不定式：on how to do this 其他类型的介词短语 6.介词+介词短语：from across the street, until after dinner 7.介词+副词：from below 8.介词+复合结构：with the light on 9.介词+不定式（but/except)：…did nothing but sleep介词-- 连接词与词纽带 英语经常用介词来表示词与词之间的关系 1. 时间 1）at表示在某一时间点: at 3 o’clock 2）in表示在某一时间段内的某一或某些点：in 2004 in表示在某段时间的结束点：I’ll see you again in a week. 3) during表示某一时间段内自始至终：during the first period 4) on表示在某一day/date或其中的某一段：on Monday, on Sunday morning 5) by表示不迟于某个时间：by now 2. 地点 1）at表示在某处（而非它处）：at school 2) in表示在内部或某个范围内：in the office 3) on表示在上面与某平面接触：on the table 4) outside表示在某个范围之外：outside world 5) under表示在比某个位置低的地方或在某表面之下：under a chair 6) by表示靠近或接近：by the window
?介词和介词短语的概念： 介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。介词可以分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词和其他介词。 ?误用介词的三种情况： 1、多用介词： 多用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将及物动词误用作不及物动词，也可能是受相关结构的影响而用错： 误：We discussed about the plan. 正：We discussed the plan. 我们讨论了计划。 误：Did he mention about the accident? 正：Did he mention the accident? 他提到那次事故了吗? 误：I saw her enter into the bank. 正：I saw her enter the bank. 我看见她进了银行。 误：He married with[to] a nurse. 正：He married a nurse. 他同一位护士结了婚。 误：How can contact with you? 正：How can contact you? 我怎么与你联系? 误：We should serve for the people heart and soul. 正：We should serve the people heart and soul. 我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。 误：Who controls over the factory? (但名词control可接over) 正：Who controls the factory? 谁管理这个工厂? 误：He has a great many of friends here. (比较a great number of) 正：He has a great many friends here. 他在这儿有很多朋友。 2、漏用介词： 漏用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将不及物动词误用作及物动词，或是受相关结构的影响的影响而用错等：误：This matter is difficult to deal. (deal with=处理) 正：This matter is difficult to deal with. 这事很难处理。 误：He is not a man to be depended. 正：He is not a man to be depended on. 他不是个可靠的人。 误：He took a cup of tea, and went on the story. 正：He took a cup of tea, and wentonwiththestory.他喝了一口茶，又接着讲故事。 误：My mother still regards me a child. (比较consider…as中的as可省略) 正：My mother still regards me as a child. 我母亲还把我当小孩看。 误：They insisted sending a car over to fetch us. 正：They insisted on sending a car over to fetch us.他们坚持要派车来接我们。 误：What he says is worth listening. 正：What he said is worth listening to.他的话值得一听。 3、错用介词： 错用介词的情况比较复杂，可能是因受汉语意思的而错，也可能是因弄不清搭配关系而错，可能是混淆用法而错，也可能是受相关结构的影响而错，可能是忽略语境而错，也可能是想当然的用错：
备战高考英语专题-介词和介词短语-巩固提升练习（含解析） 一、单选题 1.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live ______nature. A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with 2.On May 5, 2018, various memorial events were held nationwide ________ the 200th Anniversary of Karl Marx's birth. A.in charge of B.in place of C.in honor of D.in explanation of 3.You will be amazed to discover that what confused you at first makes sense _____further readings. A.to B.of C.upon D.before 4.Scientists are convinced _____ the positive effect of laughter _____ physical and mental health. A.of; at B.by; in C.of; on D.on; at 5.______Christmas coming near, they began to be busy shopping for the holiday. A.As B.Before C.Because of D.With 6.Doctors battled the night to save her life. A.within B.out of C.throughout D.inside 7.—How about this type of car，sir?—It's not economical，and what's more，it's________. A.out of shape B.free of charge C.out of order D.on the way out 8.After the dinner, I looked at the bill and found that it was 200 yuan , including the wine. A.after all B.in all C.at all D.above all 9.After a heated discussion at the meeting，a new plan came________being，which would have a great effect________the culture life of people. A.into；for B.to；to C.from；at D.into；on 10.the economic crisis getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve people's life. A.As B.With C.When D.If 11.piracy,it is necessary that effective measures should be taken right away to stop it. A.Due to B.As to C.Thanks to D.Next to 12.Before real estate control policies were introduced, people hoped that their income would be increased ________ the rise in housing prices. A.in touch with B.in anticipation of C.in line with D.in combination of 13.Do you really want to rent such a flat which is empty ________ some old pieces of furniture? A.besides B.except for C.for D.except
中考语法复习——介词及介词短语 【考点直击】 1.常用介词及其词组的主要用法及意义 2.介词表示时间、方位、方式别的基本用法 3.一些易混介词的辨析 【语法讲解】 ◆介词的功能 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如： The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语) The girl will be back in two hours. (状语) Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语) Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) ◆介词和种类 (1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。 (2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。 ◆不同介词的用法 （1）表时间的介词 1）at, in on 表示时间点用at。例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。 2） since, after 由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如： I haven’t heard from him since last summer. After five days the boy came back. 3） in, after in与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。After 与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如： He will be back in two months. He will arrive after four o’clock. He returned after a month. （2）表示地点的介词 1）at, in, on at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如： He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
介词短语在句中的用法和判别 一、介词和介词短语的形式 介词的形式可以是单个的词，如 at, in, by, of 等；也可以由几个词组成，如 out of（出自；在…外），instead of（代替；而不是），because of（由于），in spite of（尽管），by means of（借助于）等；还可以由某些动词的分词形式转化成介词，如 considering（考虑到），including（包括），regarding（关于）等。 介词不能独立担任句子成分，而必须与名词、代词、数词、动名词构成介词短语，有时还可以把副词、介词短语、复合结构和从句作为介词的宾语（参阅第138节宾语例 10～14 等）。兹举例如下： 1.They are friends of the Chinese people. 他们是中国人民的朋友。（介词+名 词） 2.Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的每个东西都是物质。（介词+代 词） 3.Everything divides into two. 事物都是一分为二的。（介词+数词） 4.They work at the instruments factory near here. 他们在这里附近的仪表厂工 作。（介词+副词。本结构详见第140、一。） 5.After reading the book, I got to know something about internet phones. 把这本书 读完之后，我开始对因特网有所了解。（介词+动名词短语） 6.It is understood that this machine is out of action. 不用说，这台机器坏了。 （复合介词+名词） 7.The effects vary from (being) negligible, if below the concentration range, to deadly if above. 如果低于该浓度围，效果是微不足道的；如果高于该围，则 效果是致命的。（介词+动名词短语。注意from和 to 之间插入条件从句， 并且有省略成份。） 8.With water transformed into steam, the locomotive gains a motive force. （等于 As water is transformed into steam,…）随着水变成蒸汽，机车获得了动力。 （介词+复合结构） 9.She is well-qualified in typing and very efficient at her work. 她打字完全合格并 且工作十分有效。（介词+动名词或名词） 10.John is slow at understanding, but you have to be patient with him. 约翰理解 慢，但你得耐心对待他。（同上） 11.a. She is angry with her child. 她跟她的孩子生气。（介词+名词） b. She is angry about her child staying out so late. 她对她的小孩在外逗留那么 晚感到生气。（about 接一个复合结构。） c. They were angry at being asked such a question. 他们对被提问这样一个问题 而感到生气。（at 接一个被动态的动名词短语。）
专题四介词和介词短语 A组三年模拟精选(2015～2013)(改编) 1.(2015·河南十所名校联考)Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes sale. 解析考查介词搭配。她发现一些优质的烟斗在出售中。固定短语on sale出售，廉价出 售。 答案on 2.(2015·安徽名校联考)But Mr.Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution these villages without a local shop. 解析考查介词搭配。福克斯先生希望这个新的发明能给没有商店的村子提供一个解决的 方法。固定表达offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物。 答案to 3.(2015·东营一月调研)When Jane got home，with her small but well－chosen present in her bag，her parents were already table having supper. 解析考查介词搭配。由having supper可知，此处表示“在进餐”，固定表达at table 表示“在餐桌边，在进餐”。 答案at 4.(2015·兰州一中一模)He was very tired doing this for a whole day. 解析考查介词。“他感到累”应是“在辛辛苦苦干了一整天之后”，表示“在……之 后”要用介词after。另外，表示“因做某事而累”也可用be tired from/with doing 来表示，故也可填from/with。 答案after/from/with 5.(2015·四川成都外国语学校月考)Going to college helps build a strong mind， which leads greater success in one's life. 解析考查介词搭配。这能够导致人生中更大的成功。固定短语lead to导致。 答案to 6.(2015·云南玉溪一中月考)Respect is very important home，at school， and everywhere you go.
2021中考英语语法专练五：介词和介词短语 I.单项填空 ( )1.[2020?大庆] We have a geography lesson three o'clock Thursday afternoon. A. at; in B. in; in C. on; on D. at; on ( )2.[2020·盐城] Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt. A. at B. on C. in D. with ( )3.[2020连云港] To complete her online learning，Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages her teachers. A. with B. during C. from D. through ( )4.I will be in senior high school a month. I can't believe time went by so fast. A. at B.in C.on D. for ( )5.[2020·牡丹江]-I don’t know how to get to the New Mart shopping center, Dad. -Download Baidu Map on your phone, and you can find it difficulty. A. over B. in C. without D. with
( )6. -I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey. -You shouldn't watch TV too much. It's bad your eyes. A. on B. in C. for D. with ( ) 7. To my great joy, my family is always me whatever I decide to do. A. behind B. to C. from D. against ( ) 8. Let's take a walk the river after dinner, shall we? A. along B. through C. upon D. over ( )9. the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole. A. At B. In C. On D. With ( )10.[2020·临沂]It’s hard to turn down a banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them eating them. A. until B. after C. before D. for ( ) 11. Yesterday our headmaster made a speech environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste. A.on B. at C. to D. in ( ) 12. - I found this sweater in the sports hall accident this
概念引入 本单元学习介词＋定冠词the＋名词构成介词短语的用法，介词后面可以跟名词和代词 做宾语，构成介词短语。今天我们主要学习一下用来表示方位的介词和介词短语。 1. on 介词on表示“在某物之上”的意思，它通常表示一个物体在另一个物体之表面上面。两者之间有接触。 例如：Your book is on the desk. 你的书在课桌上面。 There is a ball on the floor. 地板上有个球。 拓展：above 和 over的区别 on指的有接触面的上面，但是over和above都是没有接触面的上面。 over“在……正上方”，与under相对。 例如：There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。 above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，不一定是正上方，与below相对。 例如：A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。 The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。 2. in 介词in表示“在某物的里面”，它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的内部、中间或者在某个范围之内。 例如：Your pen is in the pencil case. 你的钢笔在铅笔盒里面。 She is the tallest in her class. 她是她们班最高的。 3. under 介词under表示“在某物的下面”，它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的垂直正下面，两者之间没有接触。 例如：My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树的下面。 The shoes are under the chair. 鞋在椅子的下面。 拓展：under和below 的区别 under表示“在……之下”，通常表示位置处于正下方，与介词over“在……上方”相对应。 例如：There is a book under the table. 桌子下面有一本书。 A cat is sitting under the table.一只猫在桌子下面。 below表示“在……之下”，“在……的下游”，与介词above相对应，常指在某物体之下，但不一定在该物的正下方。 例如：He is below the average at school.他的学习成绩在水准以下。