定语从句：只能用that引导的十三种情况
1.在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。
例如：
There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。
There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。
2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。
例如：
This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。
Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。
3.以Here is (are)开头的句子时。
例如：
Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。
Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。
4.It is (high)time +定语从句中。
例如：
It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。
It is high time that they started out. 他们该动身了。
5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。
例如：
This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。
She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。
6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that 引导。
例如：
He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn't far from here. 我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。
7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。
例如：
This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。
The only book I want to read is missing. 我唯一想看的书不见了。
8.在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。
例如：
Who was it that was lost ?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。）
What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？
9.当先行词有序数词时。
例如：
You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。
This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。
10.当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时，
例如：
This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。
Have you any books that are worth reading?你有值的看的书吗？
11.当先行词既指人又指物时。
例如：
The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them .我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。
Let's talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。
12.当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something 时，用which或者that均可。
例如：
Everything we have seen in China is moving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。
I have nothing that is worth reading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。
13.当先行词是疑问代词who时。
例如：
Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？
as 的用法：其通常和such\ the same连用，代指物在从句中做主语或宾语
This is the same pen as I bought yesterday。
这种笔和我昨天买的笔一样（同样的但不是同一个）。引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导
注意：上句与下句的区别This is the same pen that I used yesterday.这就是昨天我使用的那一支钢笔（指的是同一个）。
I studied in the same school as she did in Beijing.
我和他在北京的同一所学校就读。
引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导
I want to have such a dictionary as he has.
我想要一本和他的一样的字典。
引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被such所修饰所以用as引导
which的用法：关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时通常可以省略（直接做介词的宾语时除外，不能省。）
The radio which he bought yesterday doesn't work now.
他昨天买的收音机现在坏了。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做宾语，代指物，故用which.
Can you lend me the book which was written by Lun Xun..
你能借我那本由鲁迅所写的书吗？
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语，代指物，故用which.
This is the park which is the most beautiful one in our city.
这是我们这个城市最漂亮的公园。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语，代指物，故用which.
This is the map by which we can get to the forest.
这是张地图，借助它我们能到达那个森林。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做介词的宾语，代指物，故用which.
第二、在非限制性定语从句中的区别：
as的用法：①在从句中通常做主语代指整个主句，②表示的意思是正如正象③其引导的定
语从句即可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。
The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道（正如我们所知到的，太平洋是最大的洋）。
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。
As we expect, we won the game.
我们赢了，这一点在我们预料之中。（正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了）。
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句。从句在主句的前面
The earth is round, as we all know.
地球是圆的，这一点我们都知道。（正如我们所知到的一样地球是圆的）
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。（正如我们所知到的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句。
which的用法：①关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，代指人或物。②当代指整个主句时表示的意思是主句和从句之间是因果关系即因为所以。③其引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.
Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为他的病，所以我们伤心。
The road was too slippery, which caused lots of accidents.
路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。
Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为路滑，所以出事。
He was angry, which made him cry.
他太生气了以至于他哭了起来。
Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为生气，所以哭。
一、as引导的定语从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、依据、解释或评论。具有下列特点：
1．as用于引导定语从句时，具有“正如……、像……、由……而知”等语义。如：
He was strongly against the plan，as could be expected．（正如所料，他强烈反对这项计划。）
As he hoped he would，he saw the girl．（像他希望的那样，他见到了那个女孩。）
2．as引导的定语从句在语义上要和主句保持一致，而which可不一定，如果语义不一致，则要用which来替代as。如：
He married again，as（which）was natural．（他又结婚了，这是自然的。）
3．as引导的定语从句，其先行词可由以下词来修饰，the same ／such ／as等。也可以由which来改写，但不可直接替换。如：
This is the same sum as was spent in that year on private motoring．＝This is
the sum which was spent in that year on private motoring．（这与那年用于私人汽车所花的费用相同。）
4．as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句之后，也可放在主句之前。但which只能放在主句之后。如：
As we have seen，oceans cover more than 70％of the earth．（如我们所见，海洋覆盖地球70％多的面积。）
He seemed a foreigner，which in fact he was．（他看上去像个外国人，事实上他就是。）
5．as在定语从句中作宾语时，从句的谓语动词常是see ／watch ／know ／hear等表示感知的动词，且谓语动词前带有情态动词can ／could ／may等，此外常用的动词还有say ／tell ／remember等。如：
It was true，as everybody could know．（这是真的，大家都知道。）
6．as在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词可以是及物动词的被动语态，也可以是be或其它连系动词。如是不及物动词，则不存在以上关系。可以说as often hap- pens（appears）等。如：
He came back yesterday，as was ex- pected．（他如期昨日返回。）
二、which引导的此类从句，是对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。一般有下列特点：
1．如果定语从句的谓语是行为动词的主动语态，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般要用which，这时which可以用and that改写为并列句。如：
Things then greatly changed，which surprised us．＝Things then greatly changed，and that surprised us．（那时事情巨变，使我们惊讶。）
2．由“介词＋关系代词”引导的关系分句多用于正式文体中，常用“介词＋which”，不用“介词＋as”。如：
They tried to think of a plan by which they could finish their task ahead of time．（他们试图想个计划，以便提前完成任务。）
三、在与上述几条不冲突的情况下，as和which可以换用。如：
A horse is a useful animal，as ／which everybody knows．（众所周知，马是有用的动物。）
涉及that等引导的定语从句 定语从句历年都是高考的重难点，尤其是涉及that，which，as的考题。下面是定语从句的语法规则和具体应用，希望同学们好好揣摩。 一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything，everything，nothing （something 除外），few，all，none，little，some等代词时，或者是由every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等词修饰时。例如： Have you taken down everything （that）Mr. Smith has said？你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗？ There seems to be nothing （that）seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说，没有什么不可能。 There is little （that）I can do for you. 对你，我无能无力。 由此可知，一般情况下，可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如： All that can be done has been done. 今日事，今日毕。 此外，当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。例如： Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad
thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，例如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时，首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如： This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒 的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very，the only，the same，the last，any，little等修饰时，例如： This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典，我想买。 After the fire in his house，the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后，旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who，例如： Erik is the only person in our company who will attend the meeting. 艾里克是我们公司唯一出席会议的人。 5. 当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时，例如： Who is the man that is sitting at the corner？坐在角落里的是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？什么T恤衫最配我？
……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐………………………………………………… 定语从句中：只用that而不用which的五种情况 泰州市苏陈中学朱志荣 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who (指人）。指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which ；但有时只能用that，不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。例如： Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？ All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who 。以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 1
that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：
不用that的情况： a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时 (错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用 We depend on the land from which we get our food. c) 多用who 的情况 ①关系代词在从句中做主语 A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend. ②先行词为those, people 时 Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth. ③先行词为all, anyone, ones, one 指人时 One who doesn't work hard will never succeed in his work. ④在There be句型中 There is a stranger who wants to see you. ⑤在被分隔的定语从句中 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. ⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who，其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard. There is a teacher who is always ready to help others and who enjoys what he does.
定语从句中的that和which的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which （指物）,who (指人）.指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which 。 That和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。指物时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用that： 1）当先行词是all ,any ,anything ,everything ,nothing或被它们修饰时.例如： Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做. 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时.例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一. The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的.
3）当先行词有：the only ,the very ,the same ,the last 等修饰时.例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西. 4）当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who .以避免重复.例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? 5）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that .例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名. 请注意: 以下几种只能使用which的情况: 1.引导非限制性定语从句，用which。 2.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。 如：The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的
定语从句：只能用that引导的十三种情况 1.在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。 例如： There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。 There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。 2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。 例如： This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 3.以Here is (are)开头的句子时。 例如： Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。 Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。 4.It is (high)time +定语从句中。 例如： It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。 It is high time that they started out. 他们该动身了。 5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。 例如： This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。 She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。 6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that 引导。 例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn't far from here. 我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。 7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。 例如： This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。 The only book I want to read is missing. 我唯一想看的书不见了。 8.在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。 例如： Who was it that was lost ?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。） What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？ 9.当先行词有序数词时。 例如： You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。 This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。 10.当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时， 例如：
that 引导的定语从句的用法 篇一：高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 关系代词 that 可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导 非限定性定语从句。that 可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。例如： Thebagthatliesonthegroundishers.地上的那个包是她的。 (关系代词 that 修饰 bag 的定语从 句中充当主语) TheoldmanthatIvisitedyesterdayismyteacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代 词 that 在修饰 man 的定语从句中充当宾语) 在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中，that 和 which 一般可互换，但在下列情况下不可 以互换： 1.只能用 that，不能用 which 作先行词的情况 (1) 先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①That is all thatIknow.我知道的就这些。 ②Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintown?你有什么东西要在城里买吗? ③Nothingthattheteacherdoesdoesn’tinfluencehisstudents. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到 学生的。 (2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly,thevery,thelast 等修饰时，关系代词通常只 用 that，不用 which。例如： ①ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。 ②ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen. 这是我见过的最激动人心 的足球比赛之一。 ③Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。 (3)先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall. 我们所有人都钦 佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ②TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sP alace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 (4)关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时， 通常只用 that， 不用 which。 例如： ①Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ②Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 1 / 10
一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything， everything， nothing （something 除外）， few， all， none，little， some等代词时，或者是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much，each等词修饰时。例如： Have you taken down everything （that） Mr. Smith has said？你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗？ There seems to be nothing （that） seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说，没有什么不可能。 There is little （that） I can do for you. 对你，我无能无力。 由此可知，一般情况下，可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如： All that can be done has been done. 今日事，今日毕。 此外，当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。例如： Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，例如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时，首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如： This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very， the only， the same， the last， any， little等修饰时，例如： This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典，我想买。 After the fire in his house， the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后，旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who，例如：
关系代词that 用法 that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： （1）We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。 (2) There is much that I wan to tell you.我有很多想要告诉你的话。 (3) Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我可以帮你的吗？ 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： (4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library. 在我们图书馆，你可以借任何你想读的书。 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： （5）This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen. 这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： （6）This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。 （7）This is the only painting in this style that we have.这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： （8）He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him. 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： （9）This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： （10）This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。 7. 先行词为数词时。 （11）Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday. 瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。 8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： （12）They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen. 他们建了一工厂，生产以前从未见过的东西。 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 （13）Which is the bus that you will take? 你要乘的是哪一班车？ 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： （14）My hometown is no longer the place th at it used to be. 我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： （15）This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been. 这是有史以来最快的列车。 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： （16）He is a man that is never at a loss.
that都可以引导什么从句？请举例说明最好有例句谢谢 答：1、用作关系代词，引导定语从句 The only thing that I can do is to have a rest . 我唯一能做的事就是休息。 2、用作关联词，引导名词性从句 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. 地球围着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。（引导主语从句） It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我认识那人。（主语从句） I will see to it that everything is ready. 我会注意把一切准备妥当的。(宾语从句) The trouble is that we are short of money.困难就在于我们缺钱。（表语从句） There is no doubt that he is the best choice for this position. 无疑，他是这一职位的最佳人选。（同位语从句）3、构成短语，引导状语从句 Bring it nearer so that I may see it better .拿近一点，好让我看清楚些。( so that 引导目的状语从句) She got up early , so that she caught the early bus. 她起的早，所以赶上了早班车。( so that 引导结果状语从句) In order that everybody should hear him , he spoke loudly. 他大声说话，为了使大家都能听得见。（in order that引导目的状语从句） Now that they have taken matters into their hands the pace of events has quickened.他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。（now that 引导原因状语从句） That从句。什么情况不能用that？ 这种情况多见于定语从句，现将重点提供如下： 关系代词that的用法 首先特别注意，that只能用在限定性定语从句中，在非限定性定语从句中永远不能选用that, 另外介词后边也不可用that, 而是跟which.在限定性定语从句中，which和that在代替物的时候，一般可以通用。 The money that (which) is in the wallet is mine. 有些情况下，只宜用that,而不宜用which i. 先行词是最高级形容词或者它前面有最高级形容词的时候 This is the best that has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. ii. 先行词是序数词，或者它前面有一个序数词的时候 He is the last person (that) I want to see. It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen. iii. 主句已有疑问词who或者which的时候 Which is the bike that you lost? iv. 先行词既有人又有物，宜用that Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. v. 先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等不定代词时 You should hand in all that you have.
who，whom和that作为定语从句的引导词，称为关系代词。我们现在来看一下先行词指人时，这四个关系代词的使用问题。下面用句子合并的方法来分析。 一、定语从句用who或that做引导词，在从句中做主语。 把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the boy做定语从句的先行词。在句②中he指句①中提到的the boy也就是定语从句的先行词，he在句中做主语，因此要用who和that引导定语从句，代替句②中的he，也就是说he就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③The boy who broke the window is called Jack. 注意：一般情况下定语从句要紧挨先行词。 请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。 The person must pay for it. / He lost the library book. →The person who lost the library book must pay for it. The boy is very clever. / He is wearing the black jacket. →The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 二、定语从句用who，whom或that做引导词，在从句中做宾语。因为是做宾语，所以这些引导词可以省略。 请分析下面两个简单句： 句①Do you know the young man 句②We met him at the gate. 把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the young man做定语从句的先行词。在句②中him指句①中提到的the young man也就是定语从句的先行词，him在句中做宾语，因此要用whom，that或who引导定语从句，代替句②中的him，也就是说him就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③ Do you know the young man who/that/whom we met at the gate(who/that/whom可以省略，句子可以写作：Do you know the young man we met at the gate) 请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。 Mr. Lee has come. / You want to see him. →Mr. Lee who/whom/that you want to see has come. This is the girl. He worked with her in the office. →This is the girl whom /that / who he worked with in the office. 巩固练习： 一、用定语从句把下面两句话合并为一句。 1. Lets ask the man .He is reading the book over there. 2. The girl is Peter’s sister. We saw her yesterday. 3. This is Uncle Li. He mended computers for us.
that与which的用法区别 两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which： The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。 He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。 The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。 2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which： She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。 The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。 This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。 注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构： He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。 He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把
that引导的定语从句的用法 关系代词that可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导非限定性定语从句。that可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。例如： The bag that lies on the ground is hers. 地上的那个包是她的。（关系代词that修饰bag的定语从句中充当主语） The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。（关系代词that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语） 在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中， that和which一般可互换，但在下列情况下不可以互换： 1. 只能用that，不能用which作先行词的情况 （1）先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。例如： ① That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这些。 ② Is there anything that you want to buy in town? 你有什么东西要在城里买吗？ ③ Nothing that the teacher does doesn’t influence his students. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。 （2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、 the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。例如： ① The first English novel that I read was Cities. 我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。 ② This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 ③ This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。 （3）先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。例如： ① The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ② The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace. 外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 （4）关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用that，不用which。例如： ① He is no longer the star that he was. 他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ② Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 （5）句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。例如： Which is the car that has overtaken us? 超过我们的是哪辆车？ 2. 只用which，不能用that作先行词的情况 （1）在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which。例如： ① The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 ② This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which就可换为that，例如：This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。 （2）先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。例如： ①Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior. 学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。 ②A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which are newly
定语从句只用that
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1. 当先行词是eveｒyｔｈing, anyｔhｉnｇ,noｔhiｎg （sｏmething 除外），ａｌｌ, ｎｏne, feｗ，liｔtｌe, somｅ等不定代词时，或当先行词受evｅry, ａｎy, aｌl，s ｏme, ｎo,littlｅ，few, mucｈ等词修饰时。 如:?Ｈave you set ｄown eｖｅryｔhingｔhaｔＭｒLi said？?There seｅmｓto bｅｎoｔhing that ｉｓimpossible to himｉｎtheｗoｒld. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词wｈｏ。如：?Anｙmaｎthaｔ/ who hａs a sensｅof duｔy wｏn’t dｏsｕchａthing. Ａll tｈe gueｓts that / who wｅre invited tｏｈeｒｗedding were imｐor ｔanｔpeｏplｅ.2?.当先行词被序数词修饰时。 如: Ｔhe ｆirst Americａn ｍoviｅthat I watchｅd was tｈe Titanｉｃ. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： Thｉｓis the besｔｍuｓｅｕm that I have visited all my lifｅ. 4. 当先行词被tｈe vｅrｙ, the only, ｔhe fｉrst/ｌast等修饰时。 如: She is tｈe only pｅrsoｎthａｔundeｒｓtaｎdsｍe． Afteｒthe bｉg fire,tｈe old cａr iｓｔhｅｏnly thｉｎg thaｔhｅｏwns. ?注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：?WaｎｇHua is the only pｅrson in oｕr schｏoｌwho will atｔend the ｍeetｉnｇ． 5．当先行词前面有whｏ，whｉch等疑问代词时。如: Whｏis the man thaｔisｓtaｎｄｉng inｆronｔoｆthｅcrowd？ Ｗｈich ｉｓtｈｅｒｏom that Mr Ｗanｇlives in? 6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如: Lｏok aｔtｈｅman and his doｎkey ｔｈａt are waｌking ｕp thｅsｔreet.?7．当先行词是ｒeａson, waｙ（方法）等词时,关系代词常用tｈat代替in which, for wｈich, whｙ，也常可省略。如：?Ｓhｅaｄmiｒeｄtｈe way（tｈat）ｔhey solｖeｄｔｈe questions. 定语从句中只用WHO，不用ｔhat的情况一卡通 定语从句中只用ＷHO,不用that的情况 1 先行词是one, ｏnes 或aｎyone时;先行词 为tｈose或被thｏ se修饰,指人时One who doｅs nｏt worｋhard ｗiｌl never sｕccｅed. Anyｏnｅwho breaｋｓthe lａｗshoulｄｂｅpｕnished． She ｉs the ｏnｌｙonｅ of ｔhe studｅnts wｈo ｈas ｂeen ｔｏtｈeＵＳＡ. Thｏｓｅwｈo learｎnｏt onlｙfｒｏm books ｂｕt also tｈrｏugｈprａcticeｗｉllｓucceeｄ． 2 在以ｔhere bｅ…的 句子中，先行词为人时There is a cｏmrade outsｉde ｗhｏ wａntｓto sｅｅyou. 3 当定语从句中又有定 语从句,且先行项都为 人时The ｓｔｕdent thａt won thｅfirｓｔｐriｚe is ｔhe monｉtor ｗho wｏｒks ｈａｒｄ.