Module 3 Unit 2 Language
一．词汇复习篇：
【单词】
1. Bees fly in circles to inform their partners about food or danger.（P21）
inform“通知，告诉，获悉，告知”，常用结构：
①inform sb of / about sth；②inform sb that-clause
He informed me of your decision. 他把你的决定告诉了我。
We were informed by mail of the change in plans. 我们通过信件被告知计划的改变。
The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over. 护士告诉我探视时间已经结束。
【拓展】keep sb informed 随时向…报告情况
be well informed about sth 精通某事；对某事消息灵通
information n.(不可数)
2. This resulted in even more pairs of similar words. （P23）
result in 结果，致使，导致=lead to 导致
result from 起于，由于，由……而造成= lie in 存在于
Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。
Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成泡影。
His remark led to further discussion. 他的一句话引起了进一步的讨论。
The solution lies in research. 答案在研究中。
This is where the problem lies. 这就是问题所在之处。
【拓展】as a result 因此，结果
as a result of 作为…的结果，由于…
= as a consequence of = in consequence of
3. I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.
（P28）
①wonder 对…感到惊讶，惊奇，想知道
I wonder at your patience. 你的耐心使我惊异。
I wonder who he is, where he came from and why he came.
我很想知道他是谁, 从哪里来, 来干什么。
I wonder how he did it. 不知道他是怎么做那件事的。
He wondered what was going on. 他想知道正在发生什么事。
(It’s )no wonder (that ...) 难怪…，…并不奇怪
【拓展】It is a wonder that ... 奇怪的是
It is really a wonder that he should have treated you like that.
真是奇怪，他竟然象那样对你。
②promise 答应，许诺；约定；有…希望（指望）；预示
promise (sb.) an immediate reply 答应（某人）即刻答复
You must promise (me) not to mention. 你必须答应（我）不提此事。
They promised us that they would come. 他们答应我们一定会来。
The clear sky promises fine weather. 晴朗的天空预示好天气。
【拓展】promise well 很有希望，前景很好
keep one’ s / a promise（word ）遵守诺言，守约
make / give a promise 答应，许诺
of great / high promise =promising大有希望的，前程远大的
As we all know, he is a promising young man.
正如我们所知道的，他是一个有希望的年轻人。
4.disagree about sth 不同意（P29）
disagree with与…不相称，不一致，不适合；与…意见不同；对…不相宜, 对…有害His conduct disagrees with his words. 他言行不一。
Hot climate disagrees with me. 热天对我不合适。
5. from across the world 来自世界各地（P29）
from 用于表示场所、时间等的副词或介词前
from above / below 自上/ 下
from far and near 从远近
from before the war 自从战前
from under the table 从桌下
6. Which group you agree with is for you to decide.（P29）
for you to decide“由你来决定”，是由“介词for + 名词或代词+ 不定式”构成的结构，称为“动词不定式的复合结构”。在这种结构中，介词for后面的名词或代词形式上是for 的宾语，而在意义上是不定式的逻辑主语。动词不定式的复合结构在句子中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
I opened the door for her to come in.（作状语）
They handed in their exercises just in time for the teacher to correct.（作状语）
It is for you to decide.（作表语）
It’s time for you to go to bed.（作定语）
Here’s a book for you to read.（作定语）
7. in this case 假如这样的话；既然这样（P32）in that case 如果是那样的话
in any case 无论如何，总之in no case 决不
as is often the case情况经常是这样in case +clause
Please take an umbrella in case it rains/in case of rain.请带雨伞以防天下雨。
8. However, not all characters are used to describe objects.（P38）
然而并不是所有的汉字都是用来描述物体的。
all，both，every用于否定句时，表示部分否定概念。
Not all the students work hard. 并不是所有的学生都认真学习。
= All the students do n’t work hard.
Not every student works hard. 并不是每一个学生都认真学习。
Not both the twin brothers work hard. 双胞胎兄弟并不都认真学习。
【拓展】None of the students work hard. 所有的学生不都认真学习。
No student works hard. 每一个学生都不认真学习。
Neither of the twin brothers works hard. 双胞胎兄弟都不认真学习。
▲neither表示两者的否定；none指三者或三者以上的否定。
【短语】
1. stand for 代表，代替，象征，支持
2. have effective methods for / of studying English 有效学习英语的方法
3. share (in) sth with sb 和某人分享/分担…
4. be made up of = consist of 由…组成
5. mix …with…把…和…混合，汇合
6. be different from / differ from 与…不同
be similar to与…相似
be the same as与…同样的
7. contribute to 捐献/赠，有助于，促成；投稿；做出贡献make a contribution to 捐赠；作出贡献
8. take/in control of 控制
9. replace…with/by 用…代替，取代
10. despite this fact = in spite of this fact 尽管，不管
11. have an impact /effect/influence on 对…有影响；对…起作用，产生效果
12. take control of = have power over 接管
13. undergo huge changes 经历巨大的改变
14. take the place of 代替
15. lose face 丢脸，失面子
16. have a word with sb 和某人说句话
17. take my concerns into consideration 考虑
18. take actions to solve problems 采取行动解决问题
19. do research 进行调查
be engaged in research 从事研究
20. set a standard for 为…建立标准
21. care about 关心，担心
22. at one time 曾经；同时
23. ban doing sth 禁止做某事
24. depend on/upon 依靠，依赖；由…而定，取决于；信赖
25. take up a lot of my time 耗费了我许多时间
26. get along/on (well) with sb/sth 融洽相处；进展，有起色
27. There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做什么.
28. get one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
29. face up to/face sth/be faced with sth (勇敢地)面对…
30. waste time doing sth 浪费时间做某事
31. look directly into one’s eyes 直视着某人的眼睛
二．单元试题篇：
译林牛津版英语M 3 Unit 2 Language试题
第一部分: 听力（略）
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节；满分35分)
第一节单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What
B. Why
C. Where
D. Which
22. Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales, please?
A. anyone
B. someone
C. whoever
D. no matter who
23. You can only be sure of _____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future.
A. that; what
B. what; /
C. which; that
D. /; that
24. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _____ they are different from your own.
A. until
B. even if
C. unless
D. as though
25. It was with great joy _____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because
B. which
C. since
D. that
26. Happily for John’s mother, he is working harder to _____ his lost time.
A. make up for
B. keep up with
C. catch up with
D. make use of
27. You have made a few spelling mistakes in your composition, but it is well written_______.
A. on a whole
B. as a whole
C. general speaking
D. as the whole
28. Eating too much fat can______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A. result from
B. contribute to
C. attend to
D. lead in
29. The chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. him
30. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. What
B. which
C. that
D. where
31. Carl Linnaeus made great contributions to ______ plant species.
A. group
B. have grouped
C. grouping
D. have been grouping
32. Please bring an umbrella with you ______ it rains.
A. in which case
B. in that case
C. in case
D. in case of
33. The instructi ons were so ______ that I’ve done it all wrong.
A. confused
B. confusing
C. confuse
D. confusingly
34. What does the milk taste if ______ with orange juice?
A .mixed B. mixing C. is mixed D. to mix
35. It now seems ______ that Pam will lose her license.
A. sure
B. certain
C. certainly
D. surely
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Can you imagine becoming the richest person in the world and then giving your money away? That’s exactly what Andrew Carnegie 36 . Carnegie had a number of different careers; he was an industrialist and a businessman and he made a lot of money. He believed that 37 people were morally obligated (有责任的) to give their 38 back to others in society. So after retirement in 1901, the world’s 39 man decided to become a philanth ropist (慈善家), a person who gives money to good 40 . 41 Carnegie had made some charitable donations before 1901, he really made giving away money his new 42 after retirement. In 1902 he founded the Carnegie Institution to fund scientific research and 43 a pension fund (退休基金) for teachers with a $10 million donation. Throughout his life, Andrew Carnegie loved to read. As a result, it made 44 that he wanted to give money to 45 education and reading. When Carnegie was a young man he lived near Anderson, a rich man who 46 any working boy to use his 47 library for free. In those days, America 48 had a system of free public libraries and poor people usually had nowhere to find books to read. Carnegie never forgot Anderson’s 49 ; so he gave money to towns and cities to establish more than 2,000 public 50 . He also gave $125 million to a foundation called the Carnegie Corporation (卡耐基社团法人) to 51 colleges and other schools. World peace was another cause Carnegie 52 . He
established the Carnegie Endowment (基金) for international peace and funded the building of the Hague Palace of Peace, which 53 the World Court with houses, in the Netherlands. By 1911, Carnegie had 54 a huge amount of money —90 percent of his 55 . Today, Carnegie has a world-wide reputation, both for his success in his business and in his contributions to charity.
36. A. admired B. promised C. said D. did
37. A. wealthy B. sincere C. educated D. considerate
38. A. business B. experience C. wisdom D. money
39. A. richest B. purest C. poorest D. smartest
40. A. expectations B. causes C. reputations D. decisions
41. A. Until B. Though C. Since D. Because
42. A. hobby B. hope C. life D. career
43. A. discovered B. established C. applied D. awarded
44. A. fun B. success C. sense D. effect
45. A. support B. continue C. raise D. Extend
46. A. allowed B. supposed C. followed D. praised
47. A. public B. personal C. secret D. main
48. A. rarely B. nearly C. usually D. really
49. A. enthusiasm B. generosity C. courage D. Energy
50. A. libraries B. schools C. hospitals D. Academies
51. A. buy B. aid C. assess D. Choose
52. A. burst in B. took on C. relied on D. called in
53. A. handled B. provided C. pleased D. dealt
54. A. collected B. donated C. invested D. wasted
55. A. strength B. opportunities C. efforts D. fortune
第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It is reported that the Ebola virus has returned to Africa. The virus causes a disease called Ebola hemorrhagic (出血的) fever. The Ebola virus affects animals and people. It killed more than 200 people in the former Zaire in 1995. This year, the Ebola virus has killed more than 150 people in Uganda.
The Ebola virus kills so quickly that the body’s defense system has no time to act against it. The disease kills fifty to ninety percent of the people it infects (感染). The disease begins with high body temperature, severe headache and muscle hurting. Then it causes severe bleeding and organ failure. Then the victim dies. Doctors say a person with the Ebola virus usually dies within three weeks after becoming infected. The disease spreads by people touching the body fluids of an infected person.
No medicine or treatment now exists for the disease. Recently, however, American researchers announced progress in developing a medicine to prevent Ebola hemorrhagic fever in monkeys. The scientists gave eight monkeys a small but deadly amount of the Ebola virus. They gave an experimental vaccine (疫苗) to only four of them. The monkeys that did not receive the vaccine died within a week. The vaccine prevented the disease from developing in the four
monkeys that received it. All the four monkeys were healthy six months later.
The researchers said this was the first time a vaccine had protected animals similar to humans from the deadly Ebola virus. They will continue to test the vaccine on animals by giving them increasingly strong amounts of the virus.
56. The first symptom of Ebola hemorrhagic fever is ______.
A. high body temperature
B. serious bleeding
C. severe body hurting
D. organ failure
57. The Ebola virus can cause death quickly mainly because _________.
A. it causes a great deal of suffering
B. it causes people to lose much blood
C. the body’s defense system hasn’t time to act against it
D. it can easily produce viruses in people’s bodies
58. From the passage we can learn that _________.
A. the Ebola virus was originally found in Africa
B. progress in finding a vaccine to prevent the Ebola virus has been made
C. monkeys can be infected by the Ebola virus through air
D. people infected with the Ebola virus always die immediately after being infected
59. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Monkeys are similar to humans in how a vaccine affects them.
B. The researchers directly tested the vaccine on people.
C. Half of all moneys injected with the vaccine died six months later.
D. The researchers gave the monkeys a large amount of the Ebola virus.
B
It’s hard to find a star shining brighter in Nashville than Kenny Chesney. Since he took off 15 years ago, this country musician has sold more than 25 million albums, has had sixteen No. 1 hits, won countless awards and had a sea of loyal fans who have made him the biggest North American concert-ticket seller.
Kenny is certainly at the height of his career as he releases his Greatest Hits II album this week.
I t’s a collection of songs in which he says each takes him to a different place or event in his life. The most personal is the song I’m Alive, Kenny tells The Boot. "Most of the songs on this record are really fun, but I wrote I’m Alive after my breakup with Renee. I woke up one day and realized, even though I had gone through this and didn’t feel good about it, my life still belongs to me. I’m alive; I get to make music; I’ve got a lot of great friends. That’s the message of the song."
Kenny insists that the song selection for Greatest Hits II is not formulaic(刻板的). In addition to the hits that climbed the country charts, the singer also wanted to include some songs unknown to his fans that reflected his life and career path. "I didn’t want it to be all hits; I wanted it to be a second chapter of my life in music," he explains. "So the song Beas You Are really does that for me."
Kenny recently celebrated his 41st birthday, but the number of candles on the cake didn’t depress him a bit, thanks to what he loves so deeply.
"I still feel like I’m 18,"he say s. "Living life the way you do on the road, it definitely keeps you feeling that way. And I think people that have music in their life are a lot better off (富有) and healthier than people that don’t. I’ve been very content to have not just a little bit of music in my
life, but a whole lot of music. It drives my life."
60. Kenny Chesney refers to one of his songs I’m Alive for the purpose of _________.
A. telling his fans about his breakup with his girlfriend
B. inspiring his fans with confidence in life
C. calling on people to make music like him
D. advertising his new album to increase sales
61. We can learn from the passage that Kenny Chesney ______.
A. is a star not only in Nashville, but also around the world
B. won few awards for his work in country music
C. was at his most successful when Greatest Hits II was released
D. selected nothing but big hits for Greatest Hits II
62. What is the relationship between music and life, according to Kenny Chesney?
A. Music is a way of earning a lot of money.
B. Music always makes people feel they are 18.
C. Music gives life power, besides wealth and health.
D. Music is the most important part of everyone’s li fe.
C
Experts have confirmed youngsters who use Face book(美国一社交网站) do worse in exams.
For the study, the researchers quizzed 219 college students about their study habits and the time they spent on Face book. They found that 65 percent of Face book users used the net daily, often checking it several times to see if they had received new messages. The study said that 68 percent of students who used Face book didn’t perform as well as those who did not use the site.
Surfing on Face book can swallow up(耗尽) hours of study time. University student Daisy Jones, 21, said: "I was in the library trying to write a 2,000-word essay when I noticed my Face book habit had gotten out of hand. I couldn’t resist going online. You do that, then someone’s photo catches your eyes. Before you know it, a couple of minutes have turned into a couple of hours and you haven’t written a thing."
While they focused on Face book, the findings are also thought to hold true for other social networking sites.
A research by the National Literacy Trust recently showed that one in five youngsters aged seven to 15 never read books outside school because websites and blogs are becoming their reading matter of choice. Pupils ranked social networking sites, blogs, general websites and magazines above books in a survey of their reading habits. Research has also shown that youngsters are spending up to six hours a day in front of a screen.
However, students appeared to ignore the effect of going online on their study performance. The majority did not feel it had an impact on their work.
A spokesman for Face book said: "There is also research that shows the benefits of services like Face book. It’s in the hands of students, with the help of their parents, to decide how they spend their time."
63. What’s the main idea of this pass age?
A. study shows pupils who spend time on Face book do worse in exams.
B. People who spend more time on Face book spend less time reading.
C. Websites and blogs are becoming student’s reading matter of choice.
D. The usage of Face book among younger children is high and growing.
64. The third paragraph is developed by ________ in structure.
A. example
B. argument
C. description
D. analysis
65. What’s most students’ attitude towards the result of the study?
A. Contrary.
B. Supportive.
C. Understandable.
D. Uninterested.
66. According to Facebook’s spokesman, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Face book doesn’t accept the result of the study.
B. The result of the study is good for students.
C. Students are to blame for their poor performance in study.
D. It’s parents who decide whether students should be allowed to use Face book.
D
Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records(and in previous U.S. editions as The Guinness Book of World Records), is a reference book published annually, and contains an internationally recognized collection of world records —both human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted series of all time.
However, several world records that were once included in the book have been removed for ethical (伦理的) reasons. By publishing world records in categories(种类), the book encourages people to try to beat that record, and pays no attention to health and safety. For example, following the publication of a "heaviest cat" record, many cat owners fed their pets beyond the bounds of what was healthy; this is an example of the entries that have been removed. In 1991, the book also dropped records within the "eating and drinking records" category of its Human Achievements section, over concerns that potential competitors would harm themselves, and expose the publisher to litigation(起诉). These changes included the removal of all liquor, wine and beer-drinking records, along with records for eating such unlikely things as bicycles and trees. Other records, such as sword swallowing and rally driving (on public roads), were closed to further entries because the current record holders had performed beyond what were considered acceptable levels of human tolerance.
There have been examples of closed records being reopened, however. For example, the sword-swallowing record was listed as closed in the 1990 Guinness Book of World Records, but the Guinness World Records Primetime TV show, which started in 1998, accepted three sword swallowing challenges (as did the 2007 edition of the Guinness World Records).
Chain letters are als o forbidden. According to the book’s publisher: "Guinness World Records does not accept any records relating to chain letters, sent by post or e-mail. If you receive a letter or an e-mail, which may promise to publish the names of all those who send it, please destroy or delete it; it is a trick."
67. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. how many kinds of records Guinness World Records has
B. ethical issues and safety concerns related to Guinness World Records
C. the history of Guinness World Records
D. Guinness World Records in overview
68. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To put forward the main idea of the passage.
B. To tell the readers that the name of the book has changed.
C. To indicate that Guinness World Records is a famous book.
D. To encourage people to read Guinness World Records.
69. Guinness World Records has decided to remove some records because the following BUT
____.
A. the records are too difficult to break
B. the records are considered to involve immoral actions
C. some aspects of trying to break them are dangerous
D. some items are considered beyond acceptable levels of human tolerance
70. From this passage we can infer that ______.
A. sword swallowing will forever be closed to further entry
B. the item about the fattest dog can be found in the present book
C. the editors of Guinness World Records don’t want readers to write to them
D. the record related to rally driving can still be found in the book
第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Good communication is vital in modern society. We know that much of the communication is unspoken. Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes. Your good qualities can make good communication. The personal qualities include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expressiveness of eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others.
What should we do so that our communication will be effective? Here are my suggestions.
Firstly, you should be yourself. The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change character from one situation to ano ther. They’re the same whether they’re having a conversation with their close friends, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with their whole being.
Secondly, whether you’re talking to one person or one hundre d, always remember to look at them. Don’t break eye contact while talking. As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably, then look directly at those in the room and smile. This shows clearly that you are at ease. Smiling is important. The best type of smile and eye contact is gentle and comfortable, not forced.
You should also absorb other people before showing yourself. You can’t learn anything when you talk. When you attend a meeting, a party or an interview, don’t immediately start throwing your opin ions. Stop for a second. Absorb what’s going on. What’s the mood of the others—are they down, up, happy, expectant? Are they eager to learn from you, or do they show resistance? If you can sense what’s happening with others, you will be better able to reach them. So, listen before you talk.
The fourth suggestion is that you focus your energy. How do you get your energy up? Before the meeting, collect your thoughts about the goal of the meeting—yours
and the other’s. Once you go through the doorway, no long er think about yourself. Focus on the person you are meeting to find out what he is interested in. Properly collected energy comes across when we sincerely believe something. When you speak with energy, you are involved with your audience and your message. You create an air of certainty. The audience may disagree with you, but they can’t question your belief.
Lastly, I would like to remind you that you should lighten up. Take a good hard look at your self. Do you say “I” too often? Are you only concentrated on your own problems? Do you complain frequently? If you answered yes to even one of these questions, you need to be more relaxed.
第五部分书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是江苏××中学的学生李平,下周是你校的60周年校庆,你和你的同学将要表演相声等节目,你的外教Peter一直对中国的文化艺术很感兴趣,因此你打算邀请他观看你们的演出。请根据下表内容给Peter写一封邀请信。
目的和主题：为庆祝建校60周年举办联欢会
时间：11月6日上午8：00到11：00
地点：校会议大厅
演出节目：相声、歌曲、舞蹈、武术等
参加人员：全校师生及往界毕业生
注意:
1. 生词: 联欢会party / get-together 周年纪念日anniversary 武术Wushu
2. 词数: 150左右,可适当拓展。
___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21-25 ACBBD 26-30 ABBBA31-35CCBAB
36-40 DADAB 41-45 BDBCA 46-50 ABABA 51-55 BBBBD
56-60 BCACB 61-65 CCAAA 66-70 ABCAD
任务型阅读:
7 1. effectively/well 72. different 73. smile 74. Force 75. talking 76. energy 77. calm 78. relaxed 79. much 80. depends
79. regularly 80. rules
书面表达(One possible version):
Dear Peter,
I’m writing to tell you something about o ur party. To celebrate the sixtieth anniversary of our school’s founding, we will hold a party in the meeting hall of our school on Nov. 6th. That is, next Friday. The party will start at 8:00 a.m. and last till 11:00. At it, a lot of interesting and wonderful performances will be given by us students, such as songs, dances, wushu and poem reciting. My classmates and I will also perform some crosstalk, which, you know, is a traditional Chinese form of comedy. All the teachers and students will come to the party, and so will former graduates from our school.
We have heard that you are interested in Chinese culture and art, so we would like to invite you to watch our performances. We believe you will enjoy our performances very much and have a good time. We will be expecting you at 7:40 that morning.
We are looking forward to seeing you.
Yours,
Li Ping
牛津高中英语模块十单词表 Unit1 1.short-term短期的，近期的adj. 2.long-term长期的，长远的adj. 3.rainfall降雨；降雨量n. 4.Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚n. 5.gravity严重性；重力，地球吸引力 n. 6.headline（新闻报道的）大标题n. 7.make the headlines成为重要新闻 8.put pressure on somebody（to do something）促使，迫使 9.politician从政者，政客n. 10.statesman政治家n. 11.wrestle努力对付或解决；摔跤 vi.vt. 12.dilemma（进退两难的）窘境，困境 n. 13.agency（政府的）专门机构；服务机 构 14.pregnant怀孕的adj. 15.beyond超出（……之外）；非……所 能及；在（或向）……的那一边prep. 16.beyond doubt毫无疑问 17.at a crossroads处于关键时刻 18.loaf一条（面包） 19.permanent永久的，长久的adj. 20.infrastructure基础建设，基础设施 n. 21.irrigation灌溉n. 22.framework（体系的）结构，机制；构 架，框架n. 23.enterprise经济活动；企业n. 24.housewife家庭主妇n. 25.Nigeria尼日利亚n. 26.problem-solving解决问题n. 27.work of art艺术品n. 28.conventional传统的，常规的，依照 惯例的adj. 29.water buffalo水牛n. 30.OX牛；去势的公牛n. 31.tractor拖拉机n. 32.dam水坝，堤坝n. 33.expense费用，开销n. 34.repay偿还；报答vt. 35.repayment偿还债务；分期偿还额n. 36.catch up on补上，补做 37.weaken削弱，减弱 38.moreover此外，而且 39.squeeze拮据，经济困难；挤压 n. 挤压；挤出，挤入 vt. 40.fascinating很有趣的；极有吸引力 的adj. 41.fashion时装业；时尚；流行款式n. 42.fashionable时尚的，流行的adj. 43.basement地下室n. 44.creativity创造力n. 45.catering餐饮服务，酒席承办n. 46.alarm bell警钟n. 47.adjustment调整，调节n. 48.sustainable可持续的adj. 49.health care医疗（服务）n. 50.housing（统称）住房，住宅n. 51.put something into practice实 施，把……付诸实践 52.grandchild（外）孙子，（外）孙女 n. 53.deposit沉积物；存款 n. 使沉积；存钱 vt. 54.oilfield油田n. 55.on top of除……之外；在……上 面（方） 56.push for something迫切要求，反 复争取 57.solar太阳能的；太阳的adj. 58.solar energy太阳能n. 59.hydroelectricity水电n. 60.flour面粉n. 61.tentative暂定的，不确定的；踌躇 的，犹豫不定的adj. 62.Costa Rica哥斯达黎加n. 63.hopefully可望，有望；抱有希望地 adv. 64.systematic蓄意的；系统的；成体系 的adj. Unit2 65.edition（报刊的）一期；版本
牛津高中英语课文翻译 牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译 Unit 1 School life in the UK 英国校园生活 Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3:30 p.m. This means I could get up an hour later than usual, as school in China begin before 8 a.m. 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。我很满意英国的上学时间，因为那里是大约9点开始上学，下午3：30放学，这意味着我可以比平常晚起床一个小时，因为在中国8点之前就开始上课了。 On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall. I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. We soon became best friends. During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China. 在第一天，所有新生在学校礼堂集合，我坐在一个叫做戴安娜的女孩旁边，我们很快就成为了好朋友。在集合期间，校长告诉我们关于学校的规章制度，他还告诉我们，在学校要想赢得别人的尊重，最好的方法就是努力学习，取得高分，这一点听起来跟中国的学校差不多。 I had many teachers in the past year. Mr Heywood, my class teacher, was very helpful. My favourite teacher was Miss Burke – I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature. In our class there were 28 students. This is about the average size for British schools. We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. 在过去的一年里，我有很多的老师，黑伍德先生，也就是我的班主任，对我很有帮助；我最喜欢的老师是伯尔克小姐，我喜欢她教的英国文学课。在我们班有28个同学，这差不多是英国学校的平均班额。我们在不同的教室上不同的课，上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字是一件难事。 I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school. However, it was a bit challenging for me at first, because all the homework was in English. I felt lucky, as all my teachers gave me much encouragement and I enjoyed all my subjects: English, History, English Literature, Computer Science, Maths, Science, PE, Art, Cooking and French. 我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重，可是一开始我还是觉得有点挑战性，因为所有的作业都是英文的。让我感到幸运的是，所有老师都给了我极大的鼓励，也喜欢所学的科目：英语、历史、英国文学，计算机，数学、科学、体育、艺术、烹饪和法语。 My English improved a lot, as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library. I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free. I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings. Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food. At the end of term we held a class party and we all had to cook something. I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that I made. 我的英语提高了很多，因为我每天都使用英语而且我每天花一小时在图书馆看英语书，我经常在中午休息的时候去计算机俱乐部，这样我就可以免费给国内你的家人和朋友发邮件了。我还在每周二的晚上有一节法语课，烹饪课也很有趣，因为我可以学到如何购买、准备和烹饪食物，在学期末，我们有举行班级聚会，我们都需要做一些食物，让我很高兴的是我同学都很喜欢我做的蛋糕。
模块10 Unit1 单选 1.He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _____the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C to be lost D. being lost 2. After graduation from high school, I went to college; _____,all my friends got well-paid jobs. A. meanwhile B. while C. when D. besides 3. He tried many times to pass the examinations, and _____he succeeded. A. by the end B. at the end C. in the end D. on the end 4. --Why don’t you get a car? --well, ___, I can’t drive. A. so B. however C. also D. For one thing 5. He didn’t reply. _____, he turned on his heel and left the room. A. Moreover B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides 6. Everyone is encouraged to ____food or clothing for those who suffered a great deal in the flood. A. construct B. contribute C. supply D. distribute 7. ---You don’t seem to be quite yourself today. What’s wrong? --- Oh, I'm suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, _________. A. though B. yet C. indeed D. anyway 8. The girl ___not only because of her strange clothes but also because of her perfect performance. A. stands by B. stands out C. stands for D. stands aside 9. ____was known to all, Tom broke his promise ____he would give us a ride. A. It; that B. it; which C. As; which D.As; that 10. He has ___on his farm.
高中英语模块一UNIT3 一、重要单词： 1.make make up 编造；化妆make out 看出，辨认出；理解；填写，写出，拼凑 make up for 弥补be made up of(=consist of) 由……组成 make up one’s mind下定决心，打定主意 2.stay/remain stay up late 熬夜stay young/healthy 保持年轻/健康remain (to be) very weak 任然很虚弱3.exercise take more exercise 多锻炼 a good form of exercise 一个良好的训练形式 do a lot of exercises in English grammar 进行大量的英语语法练习 do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操 4.die die from……(polluted air,overwork) 死于（外因） die of……(cancer,grief,hunger,anger) 死于（内因） be dying for sth/to do sth. 渴望做某事deadly disease 致命的疾病 die happy 安乐死die out 绝种die down （风力、声音等）渐渐消失，平息，变弱5.辨析：another 同类的另一个，接可数名词单数或接数词加可数名词复数 the other 常用语one……the other…… the others （有范围的）其他的 others （无范围的）其他的 6.辨析：especially 尤其（=particularly） particularly 尤其（in particular）；对……挑剔（be particularly about） 【注：particular in spring 尤其在春天（不能用especially）】specially 特别、专程（例如at a special price） 7.weigh[v.] weight[n.] weighty[adj.] put on weight 增重lose weight 减肥 weigh two kg 重达两千克（不用被动语态）have one’s luggage weighed 给行李称过重 8.agree agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree that……同意…… agree with one’s ideas/what sb. does 同意某人的观点/所做的事 agree to……(term,plan,proposal,suggestion,advice) 同意/接受 agree on……在……上达成共识 9.recover[v.] recovery[n.] recover from……从……中恢复过recover oneself 恢复神智 recover sth. from 从中找回某物；重新获得 10.match match sb. in sth. 在某方面比得过某人match……=go with 和……相配 a good match for 对……来说很得体strike a match 擦火柴 11.辨析：damage毁坏，损害，损失，不如destroy严重，且一定程度上可恢复 destroy （毁灭性的）破坏，程度很深 harm 对……有害（do harm to），暗示不良后果 ruin 破坏（美好的东西）（in ruins变成废墟）
牛津英语模块3译文 Appendix I: Translation Unit 1 Reading 雾 比尔·洛 浓雾警报 那天早晨波莉离家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色的薄雾中。午餐时分，收音机预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。下午四点，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她不知道公交车是否还会照常运行。 没有到国王大街的巴士 一走到街上，她就快步向平常乘车的公交车站走去。 “您要坐多远？”巴士售票员收下她的车费前问道。 “国王大街。”波莉答道。 “对不起，小姐，”售票员回答说，“现实情况是雾太浓了，公交车跑不了那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点，您也许能叫到一辆出租车。” 高个子男人 当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感到她正被一个穿着黑色大衣的高个子男人注视着。地铁终于到达了格林公园站。当其他乘客走出车厢时，她扫视了一下她周围的一张张面孔。那个高个子男人不见了。 脚步声 当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，她目光所及之处，雾像浓密的灰云一样聚积着。什么人也看不见。波莉朝着公园大街走去。当她沿着狭窄的街道行走时，她听到了由远及近的脚步声，但当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声却消失了，突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊'并且她还听到了一个男人在她耳边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害怕而怦怦地直跳。 热心的陌生人 然后，她又听到了那种声音——在她身后响起的轻柔的脚步声。一分钟前，她曾希望有人跟着来。现在她则想跑开，可恐惧让她挪不动脚步。脚步声这会儿似乎很近了。接着，一个男人的声音从黑暗中传来：“有人吗？” 波莉犹豫了。最终她还是回答道：“你好，我想我是迷路了。” 几秒钟后，一只手伸过来抓住了她的胳膊。波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。 “也许我能帮你。你想去哪条路？”他问道。 “我住在国王大街86号，”波莉答道。 “只要拉着我的手就成，”老人说，“跟着我走，不会有事的。”他拉住波莉的手。“小心这里的台阶。” 老人的另一只手里攥着一根手杖。波莉能听见它敲击台阶的声音。“我还记得几次糟糕的大雾，不过那可能都是在你出生之前的事了。我看不见你的脸，但你听起来挺年轻。你多大了？” “刚20岁，”波莉答道。 “啊，20岁，多好的年纪啊。我也年轻过。现在我们到了十字路口了。这里向左转。” “我是彻底迷路了。您肯定你认识路吗？”波莉又开始感到害怕了。 “当然肯定，你真的不用担心。”老人将她的手握得更紧了。 感恩的帮助者 “我们到了。国王大街。”老人停住了脚步。
牛津高中英语模块一到模块五单词表 【牛津高中英语模块一词汇表】 enjoyable 有乐趣的experience 经历，体验assembly 集会，会议headmaster 校长 earn 获得；赚，挣得respect 尊敬，敬重 devote 致力于；献身literature 文学 average 一般的，普通的；平均的struggle 奋斗，努力；挣扎，难事；斗争；努力 challenging 具有挑战性的encouragement 鼓励 cooking 做饭；烹饪，烹调 for free 免费 extra 额外的，外加的 fond 喜爱的，喜欢的 be fond of 喜爱，喜欢Spanish 西班牙语（的）；西班牙人（的） sculpture 雕像，雕塑 dessert 甜点 look back (on) 回忆，回顾satisfaction 满意 surf 冲浪 academic 学业的，学术的exchange 交换；交流 former 以前的 graducate 毕业生，毕业 fluent 流利的 painting 绘画，绘画作品donate 捐赠 kindness 善意 splendid 极佳的，非常好的independent 独立的 make use of 利用title （书的）名称；（文章的）题目，篇名 dynasty 朝代，王朝somehow 不知为什么；不知怎么地 recent 新近的，最近的professor 教授 inform 通知，告知 opening hours 开放时间 run 管理；操作 host 主持人；主人，东道主approve 批准，通过；赞成，同意charge 使承担责任；收费，负责，掌管 in charge of 负责，掌管schoolmate 同学，校友croadcast 广播，播放preparation 准备，筹备event （重要）事件；社交活动；比赛项目 outing 短途旅行，远足graduation 毕业 poet 诗人 generation 一代，一代人literary 文学的 select 选择，挑选courtyard 庭院，院子composition 作品，成分 act （戏剧的）一幕 curtain 窗帘；（舞台上的）帷幕can't wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事soccer <美>英式足球，足球frightened 受惊的；害怕的 be supposed to 应该……，应当…… bend （使）弯曲，弯腰，屈身
牛津高中英语模块十单词表Unit 1 1.short-term 短期的，近期的 adj. 2.long-term 期的，的 adj. 3.rainfall降雨；降雨量n. 4.Ethiopia 埃塞俄比 n. 5.gravity 重性；重力，地球吸引力 n. 6.headline （新道的）大 n. 7. make the headlines成重要新 8. put pressure on somebody （ to do something ）促使，迫使 9. politician从政者，政客n. 10.statesman 政治家 n. 11.wrestle 努力付或解决；摔跤 . 12.dilemma （退两的）窘境，困境 n. 13.agency （政府的）机构；服机 构 14.pregnant 孕的 adj. 15.beyond 超出（??之外）；非??所能及；在 （或向）??的那一 prep. 16.beyond doubt 毫无疑 17. at a crossroads于关刻 18.loaf 一条（面包） 19.permanent 永久的，久的 adj. 20. infrastructure 基建，基施 n. 21. irrigation 灌 n. 22.framework （体系的）构，机制；构架， 框架 n. 23.enterprise 活；企 n. 24.housewife 家庭主 n. 25.Nigeria 尼日利 n. 26.problem-solving 解决 n. 27. work of art品n. 28.conventional 的，常的，依照例的 adj. 29. water buffalo水牛n. 30.OX牛；去的公牛 n. 31.tractor 拖拉机 n. 32.dam水，堤 n. 33.expense 用，开 n. 34.repay ；答 vt. 35.repayment ；分期 n. 36. catch up on上，做 37.weaken 削弱，减弱 38.moreover 此外，而且 39. squeeze 拮据，困；n. ；出，入vt. 40. fascinating很有趣的；极有吸引力 的 adj. 41.fashion 装；尚；流行款式 n.
牛津高中英语模块一（第1讲） 【教学内容与教学要求】 一、教学内容： 牛津高中英语模块一Unit 1 （上） 二、教学要求： 1．掌握和校园生活有关的常用单词、词组与句型。 2．学会描述校园生活和学校设施。 High school is a time of discovery, learning and hard work!高中是探索、学习和辛勤劳动的时期Huge campus and low-rise building 学校面积大，没有高层建筑。 Twelve laboratories are available for different experiments.12个实验室可供不同试验使用。 Each room comes with its own bothroom and Internet access.每个房间都有自己的卫生间和英特网接口。 3．学习阅读技巧：skimming&scanning。 4．语法：定语从句（一） 【知识重点与学习难点】 一、重要单词： access achieve attend assembly article available average canteen club challenging context donate display experience extra graduate gym heading locker low-rise literature poster relax 二、重点词组： class teacher 班主任at ease with 和….相处不拘束school hours学校作息时间earn respect from 赢得…的尊敬sound like听起来象for free 免费get a general idea 了解大意as well as 除….以外, 也key words 关键词word by word 逐字逐句地find one’s way around 认识路develop an interest in 培养对….的兴趣surf the Internet网上冲浪 【难点讲解】 1.What is your dream school life like? 你理想中的学校生活是什么样子? 这里dream表示心目中最理想的. 如dream team (梦之队)。
牛津高中英语模块三语言点 Unit 1 The world of our senses 一、Reading 1. (Page 2, Line 7) Once out in the street, she walked…… 如果从句和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语为it，同时从句中含有be的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，留下分词、介词短语等成分作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、让步、伴随状态等含义。从句前可以加上适当的连词，使从句的含义更加明确。 ① Once（it is）seen，it will be never forgotten. ②When (you are) in the street, you’d better be careful. ③ While (you are) reading, underline the key words. 2. this: adv.这么that much: 那么多 that: adv.那么He isn’t this / that tall. 3. observe: vt. (1) 观察，注意到(2) 遵守(3) 庆祝 observer: n.目击者，观察者，观测员，观察员 ① She observed that the pond was drying up. ② observe the speed limit. ③ observe the Christmas Day. ④ The UN sent a team of observers to the peace talks. 4. glance at sth: 瞥一眼，匆匆看，扫视 at first glance: 乍一看 ① He glanced at nervously at his watch. ② At first glance, the palace seemed deserted. 5. stare at sth: 盯着，凝视 glare at sth: 怒目而视，瞪着 ① He stared at the diamond with great amazement. ② Tom didn’t shout. He just glared at me silently. 6. nowhere: adv.无处，到处都不 n. [U] 无处 be nowhere to be seen / found / heard: 哪儿也见∕找∕听不到 nowhere else: 没有别的地方 get nowhere: 没有结果∕进展 ① Such case is nowhere to be found. ② I have nowhere else to go. ③ It’s a good idea but it will get nowhere without more financial support. ④ Nowhere else can you find a more beautiful view. 7. narrow: adj.窄的，狭隘的；勉强的；精确的 vt. & vi. (使)变窄，缩小 ◆◆narrowly: adv. 勉强地；严密地，仔细地 ① He has a narrow mind. 他度量很小。 ② a narrow escape from death: 九死一生 ③ What does the word mean in its narrowest sense? ④ In order to widen the road he had to narrow the pavement. ⑤The road narrows here. ⑥He narrowly escaped drowning.
1 牛津高中英语模块五词汇表 Unit1 betray出卖，背叛 quiz小测验 pretend假装；装扮 cheerful愉快的，高兴的washroom洗手间，厕所 admit承认；允许进入 beg请求，恳求；乞讨 swear发誓；郑重承诺 spy从事间谍活动 spy on暗中监视，窥探 truly真诚地，诚恳的 forgive原谅，宽恕 sincerely真诚地childhood童年，幼年 superb极佳的；卓越的 focus集中注意力于…… pace速度；步伐；节奏 keep pace with(与……)步调一致 manner方式；态度，举止 circus马戏表演；马戏团identity身份 absurd荒唐的，怪诞的hopeless没有好转希望的 overcome克服，解决 get through(用电话)接通acquaintance泛泛之交，熟人twin双胞胎之一的apartment公寓套房 topic话题
attitude态度，看法 anchor扎根于，使基于 be based on以……为基础，以……为根据 cautious小心的，谨慎的eager热切的，急不可待的worldwide全世界的adolescent青春期的respond做出反应，回应pause停顿，暂停 regardless不顾；不管怎样regardless of不管，不顾security平安，安全 end up最终处于 waiting room候车室；等候室 rely依靠，依赖rely on依靠，依赖 trolleybus无轨电车 revision复习；修订 thanks to幸亏；由于 committed尽心尽力的 mercy宽恕；仁慈 apology道歉 Unit2 spokeswoman女发言人 consultant顾问 debate辩论；争论 open the floor自由发言flow流，流动 duty责任，义务 cut back on减少，削减，缩减 production产量；生产
牛津高中英语模块一到模块十单词表 【牛津高中英语模块一词汇表】 enjoyable有乐趣的 experience 经历，体验assembly集会，会议headmaster校长 earn获得；赚，挣得 respect尊敬，敬重 devote致力于；献身 literature 文学 average一般的，普通的；平均的struggle奋斗，努力；挣扎，难事；斗争；努力 challenging具有挑战性的encouragement鼓励 cooking做饭；烹饪，烹调 for free免费 extra 额外的，外加的 fond喜爱的，喜欢的 be fond of喜爱，喜欢 Spanish西班牙语（的）；西班牙人（的） sculpture雕像，雕塑 dessert甜点 look back (on)回忆，回顾satisfaction 满意 surf 冲浪 academic学业的，学术的exchange交换；交流 former以前的 graducate毕业生，毕业 fluent流利的 painting绘画，绘画作品 donate捐赠 kindness善意 splendid 极佳的，非常好的independent 独立的 make use of 利用title（书的）名称；（文章的）题目，篇名 dynasty朝代，王朝 somehow 不知为什么；不知怎么地 recent新近的，最近的 professor教授 inform 通知，告知 opening hours开放时间 run管理；操作 host主持人；主人，东道主approve批准，通过；赞成，同意charge使承担责任；收费，负责，掌管 in charge of负责，掌管schoolmate 同学，校友croadcast广播，播放preparation 准备，筹备 event（重要）事件；社交活动；比赛项目 outing短途旅行，远足graduation毕业 poet 诗人 generation一代，一代人 literary文学的 select选择，挑选 courtyard庭院，院子composition作品，成分 act（戏剧的）一幕 curtain窗帘；（舞台上的）帷幕can't wait to do something迫不及待地做某事 soccer <美>英式足球，足球frightened 受惊的；害怕的 be supposed to应该……，应当…… bend（使）弯曲，弯腰，屈身
牛津高中英语模块一到模块五单词表 牛津高中英语模块一词汇表】 ※ Unit 1 enjoyable experience assembly headmaster 有乐趣的 经历，体验 集会，会议 校长 earn respect devote literature average struggle 事；斗争； challenging encouragement cooking for free extra fond be fond of Spanish 牙人(的) sculpture dessert look back (on) satisfaction surf academic exchange former graducate fluent painting donate kindness splendid independent make use of 获得；赚，挣得 尊敬，敬重 致力于；献身 文学 一般的，普通的；平均的 奋斗，努力；挣扎， 努力 具有挑战性的 鼓励 做饭；烹饪，烹调 免费 额外的，外加的 喜爱的，喜欢的 喜爱，喜欢 西班牙语（的） ；西班 雕像，雕塑 甜点 回忆，回顾 满意 冲浪 学业的，学术的 交换；交流 以前的 毕业生，毕业 流利的 绘画，绘画作品 捐赠 善意 极佳的，非常好的 独立的 利用 title （书的）名称；（文章的）题 目，篇名 dynasty 朝代，王朝 somehow 不知为什么； 不知怎么 地 recent 新近的，最近的 professor 教授 inform 通知，告知 opening hours 开放时间 run 管理；操作 host 主持人；主人，东道主 approve 批准，通过；赞成，同意 charge 使承担责任；收费，负责， 掌管 in charge of 负责，掌管 schoolmate 同学，校友 croadcast 广播，播放 preparation 准备，筹备 event （重要）事件；社交活动； 比赛项目 outing 短途旅行，远足 graduation 毕业 poet 诗人 generation 一代，一代人 literary 文学的 select 选择，挑选 courtyard 庭院，院子 composition 作品，成分 难 act （戏剧的）一幕 curtain 窗帘；（舞台上的）帷幕 can't wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事 soccer < 美> 英式足球，足球 frightened 受惊的；害怕的 be supposed to 应该 ??，应 当?? bend （使）弯曲，弯腰，屈身
Advance with English Module 10 Student's Book 牛津高中英语模块十学生用书 Unit 1 Building the future 第一单元建设未来 Pages 2-3 Reading Part B 第2到3页阅读B部分 M10U1 Reading: Teach a man to fish授人以渔 In 1985, there was little rainfall in Ethiopia, which led to poor harvests and the death of many of the country‘s cattle. The gravity of the situation shocked Bob Geldof, an Irish musician, so he organized a charity concert called Live Aid to raise money for the victims of hunger in Ethiopia. The concert took place on 13 July 1985 in two places—London and Philadelphia—and included the biggest stars of the time. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the problem. In the end, $100 million was raised, which was used to buy food and to provide help with development projects in Ethiopia. The concert also made the headlines around the world, and put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the problem of world hunger. Live Aid was in 1985, but for many people in the developing world, disease and poverty are still a serious problem. According to the United Nations, ten million people die every year of starvation or problems related to having a poor diet. In fact, hunger is the world‘s number one health risk, killing more people than any disease. In wrestling with the dilemma of worldwide hunger, the United Nations set up an agency called the World Food Programme(WFP) in 1963. The WFP has organized a number of programmes, including the Food-for-Life programme, which sends emergency food aid to countries during times of trouble; the Food-for-Growth programme, which targets people most at risk, such as babies, pregnant women and old people; and the Food-for-Work programme, which helps people without jobs support themselves by giving them work and paying them in food aid. Through programmes like these, the WFP has helped more than one billion people since it was set up. This is beyond doubt an amazing achievement, but is it enough? Today, some developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America stand at a crossroads. While they are seeing great development, they are still poorer than many countries in other parts of the world, and there is a danger that they could fall further behind developed countries. They need help, but the sad truth is that merely sending loaves of bread is not enough. It is only a short-term solution to a long-term problem. There is a saying that goes, ?Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for t he rest of his life.‘ In order to find a permanent solution to this long-term problem, countries need to develop so that they can either grow the food they need, or have enough money to buy this food on the world market. What developing countries really need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. One