HSDPA: 3G for real
14 December 2005
Julien Grivolas
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ec14557555.html,
Table of Contents (1)
HSDPA: 3G for real (2)
Ovum view (2)
Technical characteristics and product availability (3)
Availability of HSDPA-enabled CPE (6)
Operators’ HSDPA plans (13)
HSDPA: 3G for real
Ovum view
Although almost 100 UMTS networks have been launched worldwide to date, and the number of UMTS subscribers is increasing, the importance of UMTS R99 was exaggerated at the time of the speculative telecoms bubble. A UMTS user only benefits from average speeds of 200–250Kbit/s – far from the theoretical 2Mbit/s. With average speeds of 400–700Kbit/s and bursts at over 1Mbit/s, high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) significantly enhances downlink speeds, even in its initial stage, and will dramatically improve the user experience of asymmetrical applications such as web browsing, content streaming or intranet access. HSDPA uses the same spectrum and, most of the time, only requires a software upgrade of the existing UMTS R99 base stations.
However, both mobile operators and vendors often market HSDPA as ‘mobile DSL’. This is hype, and should be avoided. HSDPA’s overall performance depends on various technical factors in the network, on the radio link transmission quality and on the end-user device features. For instance, the first HSDPA devices will be data cards for laptops that will only support peak rates of 1.8Mbit/s – far from the theoretical 14.4Mbit/s.
Regarding the provision of value-added services such as carrier-grade mobile VoIP or online multiplayer mobile gaming, HSDPA is insufficient because of low uplink speeds. High-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA) will resolve this problem by bringing the uplink speed up to 5.8Mbit/s. Expected in late 2007, the first implementations of HSUPA in commercial networks will provide peak uplink rates of up to 1.5Mbit/s. When mobile operators are able to provide HSPA (HSDPA+HSUPA) services, they will be able to provide mobile VoIP services. This could definitely help them to strengthen fixed–mobile substitution, but they will have to carefully review their data pricing policies. They will need to offer attractive prices, while avoiding the cannibalisation of their existing voice services.
However, in the short term there are no doubts that HSDPA will enhance the mobile broadband experience and facilitate the adoption of mobile data services. This is why all the major operators have been testing the technology for a while and are now planning to launch HSDPA services next year. In early November 2005, the first commercial service was launched in Europe by Manx Telecom, O2’s subsidiary on the Isle of Man, using Sierra Wireless AirCard 850 data cards and Lucent’s network infrastructure. Manx Telecom has been followed by Cingular Wireless. The US operator has launched its HSDPA networks in 16 markets using Sierra Wireless
AC860 and Novatel U730 data cards for laptops.
Technical characteristics and product availability Overview of the HSDPA and HSUPA technologies
At the end of 2005, UMTS services have really started in earnest, and subscribers are increasing. However, the technology deployed only provides average downlink speeds of around 150–250Kbit/s, while the uplink peak rate is limited to 64Kbit/s. These performances are far from those that were marketed in early 2000 by both vendors and operators.
HSDPA and HSUPA technologies are aimed at bringing the real benefit of 3G to the market in the near future, with theoretical peak rates of 14.4Mbit/s and 5.76Mbit/s respectively. In addition, HSDPA not only enhances the downlink speed but also increases the capacity of a cell, supporting at least twice as many subscribers per cell compared to UMTS, and reducing downlink latency.
Figure 1Overview of the main HSDPA features
WCDMA HSDPA
Peak downlink data rates Up to 2Mbit/s Up to 14.4Mbit/s
Average downlink data rates150–250Kbit/s400–700Kbit/s with bursts at 1–1.5Mbit/s Peak uplink data rates Up to 384Kbit/s Up to 384Kbit/s*
Channel size5MHz5MHz
Adaptive modulation, coding QPSK QPSK, 16QAM
Latency200Ms100Ms
*Up to 5.76Mbit/s when combined with HSUPA
Source: Ovum
3GPP Release 5 introduces HSDPA
The 3GPP Release 5 specification introduces HSDPA. Like UMTS R99, HSDPA is based on the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) technique to support multiple access to the air interface. However, several enhancements have been included in order to provide higher data rates and capacity with HSDPA compared to UMTS R99.
The main changes in HSDPA are:
?HSDPA introduces as the primary radio bearer the high-speed downlink share channel (HS-DSCH), in order to allow several users to be time multiplexed so that during silent periods the resources are available to other users. The HS-DSCH uses 2Ms transmission time intervals (TTIs) and a fixed spreading factor of 16
that allows for a maximum of 15 parallel codes for user traffic and signalling
?HSDPA can transmit a new data packet every 2Ms compared to at least every 10Ms for UMTS R99. In addition to accelerating service access for users and
improving data transfers, this reduced TTI allows the system to adapt itself faster to changing conditions
?HSDPA uses the adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) technique, in order to compensate for variations in radio transmission conditions (such as a lower signal or loaded network). HSDPA-enabled user equipment regularly sends messages to the base station about the channel quality, and the base station adapts
resources and/or modulation accordingly
?HSDPA uses hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) with stop and wait protocol (SAW) as its retransmission mechanism. The mechanism is processed directly in the Node B, which allows faster response, instead of being handled by the RNC, as it is the case for UMTS R99
?HSDPA provides fast scheduling features because of the scheduler’s location.
Compared to UMTS R99, where the scheduler is located in the RNC, the function is processed in Node B for HSDPA. The scheduler determines which terminal(s) the HS-DSCH should be transmitted to and, in conjunction with the AMC, at
which data rate.
In terms of performance, in a 5MHz channel HSDPA can provide maximum peak rates of up to 14.4Mbit/s with 15 spreading codes and with no channel coding. This means that a unique subscriber will have to use all the 15 available codes on the HS-DSCH in order to benefit from the maximum speed, which clearly will not happen. In an ideal radio transmission environment, the overall performance of a HSDPA network will depend on:
?the number of spreading codes (support of five, ten or 15 multi-codes)
?the modulation mode (QSPK, 16QAM)
?the error correction level
?the capabilities of end-user devices.
The 3GPP has defined user equipment categories for different capabilities, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Maximum HSDPA data rates depending on 3GPP categories
Max number of HS-DSCH codes Min inter TTI
interval
Modulation Max data rates
Category 153QSPK & 16QAM 1.2Mbit/s Category 253QSPK & 16QAM 1.2Mbit/s Category 352QSPK & 16QAM 1.8Mbit/s Category 452QSPK & 16QAM 1.8Mbit/s Category 551QSPK & 16QAM 3.6Mbit/s Category 651QSPK & 16QAM 3.6Mbit/s Category 7101QSPK & 16QAM7.2Mbit/s Category 8101QSPK & 16QAM7.2Mbit/s Category 9151QSPK & 16QAM10.2Mbit/s Category 10151QSPK & 16QAM14.4Mbit/s Category 1152QPSK0.9Mbit/s Category 1251QPSK 1.8Mbit/s Source: Ovum
3GPP Release 6 enhances HSDPA and introduces HSUPA
HSUPA complements HSDPA as a full upgrade of UMTS networks, by enhancing the uplink capability to 5.76Mbit/s.
The main technological improvements with HSUPA are:
?fast uplink scheduling function based in the BTS
?fast retransmission with control in the BTS.
What kind of services?
HSDPA is for asymmetrical data services such as mobile TV, video/music downloads or VPN access. Combining HSDPA and HSUPA will enable the provision of demanding real-time applications such as mobile VoIP, video telephony, collaborative business applications and multiplayer mobile gaming.
Some mobile operators and vendors are marketing HSDPA as ‘mobile DSL’. For instance, Nortel is marketing HSDPA as ‘the DSL experience with mobility’. In Germany, T-Mobile offers HSDPA-ready data cards under the T-Mobile Mobile DSL Data Card brand. In the same kind of approach, Nokia has transformed its mobile HSPA into a lighter version, called Internet HSPA or l-HSPA. As I-HSPA uses standard HSDPA/HSUPA air interfaces, it supports the same data rates and is compatible with standard HSPA handsets and data cards. The difference is that I-HSPA bypasses several network components (RNC, SGSN and GGSN) and is
limited to IP traffic support with low mobility capabilities. The I-HSPA concept is a good value proposition for mobile operators to compete with fixed broadband service providers in the future.
However, we do not consider mobile operators will be in a position to compete with DSL before HSDPA/HSUPA can offer high performances for real. Furthermore, mobile operators will have to adapt their pricing strategies and fasten the introduction of flat-rate subscriptions priced at similar levels as those for DSL. For these reasons, we mainly consider HSDPA as an enhanced 3G bearer for the existing mobile value-added services with high bandwidth requirements, such as mobile clip downloads. Availability of HSDPA-enabled CPE
HSDPA components for CPE
In addition to the network itself, the performance of HSDPA is also dependent on device or handset capability. As HSDPA is defined by the 3GPP R5 specification, handset OEMs can reuse much of their existing UMTS design work. However, HSDPA brings changes to the handset signal processing and system control. HSDPA handsets are becoming more complex, due to the addition of several new features to existing 3G devices in order to achieve maximum capability, such as:
?support of the 16QAM modulation method
?roadmap for advanced receivers (equalizer, diversity)
?hybrid-ARQ in Layer 1
?faster turbo decoder
?need for increased and faster buffer memory.
The performances of HSDPA handsets or data cards are heavily dependent on the capabilities of embedded chipsets, RF solutions and processing features.
HSDPA chipsets
Although mobile operators and vendors are publicly announcing commercial HSDPA rollouts for late 2005 or early 2006, it is interesting to note that Qualcomm, which was selected by the suppliers of the first HSDPA data cards (Novatel Wireless, Option and Sierra Wireless), only began to ship its first generation of HSDPA chipsets commercially in September 2005. Furthermore, the MSM6275 chipset only supports data speeds of up to 1.8Mbit/s.
However, in October 2005 Qualcomm began the sampling of its second generation of HSDPA chipsets, the MSM6280 solution, supporting data speeds of up to 7.2Mbit/s. The MSM6280 solution integrates advanced receiver technologies, such as receive diversity and equalizer, in order to offer increased data throughput and network capacity. Qualcomm also plans to introduce HSUPA chipsets for sampling during Q1 2006.
Other chipset and processor vendors are developing HSDPA solutions. For instance, in October 2005 InterDigital unveiled its HSDPA coprocessor ASIC, which supports all categories up to Category 10 (14Mbit/s) and features transmit and receive diversity. The HSDPA solution can be integrated into devices as a separate coprocessor or into existing UMTS chips as technology blocks. Philips Semiconductor has selected InterDigital’s HSDPA coprocessor for its Nexperia 3G platform. HSDPA data cards
Overview
As with the first UMTS services, the first HSDPA services will be based on data cards for laptops. In order to accelerate the adoption of HSDPA, data card manufacturers are working closely with infrastructure vendors, as shown in Figure 3. These partnerships are often not limited to interoperability testing, but also encompass joint marketing and product development activities. Some vendors, such as Siemens, Motorola, Huawei and ZTE, will also provide their own HSDPA-enabled data cards, as was the case with GPRS, EDGE and UMTS technologies.
Figure 3 HSDPA alliances between vendors and data card manufacturers
Vendor Partnership
HSDPA data card
manufacturer
Sierra Wireless Nokia Co-operation to develop and promote an end-to-end
HSDPA solution (February 2005)
Novatel Wireless Siemens Marketing and development partnership for HSDPA
(September 2005)
Sierra Wireless Nortel Co-operation to jointly test and market solutions using
HSDPA (February 2005)
Novatel Wireless Alcatel Interoperability testing (July 2005)
Source: Ovum
Performance and availability
The first generation of HSDPA data cards will belong to 3GPP Category 12, which means that they will only support the QPSK modulation technique and offer downlink speeds of up to 1.8Mbit/s.
Figure 4 HSDPA data cards
Vendor Products Comments
Motorola D1100
Merlin U740Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s UMTS air interface: 2100MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
Novatel Wireless Merlin U730Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s
UMTS air interface: 850/1900MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
GlobeTrotter 3G/EDGE HSDPA-ready data cards (category 12, up to 1.8Mbit/s)
UMTS air interface: 2100MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
Option GlobeTrotter FUSION+HSDPA-ready data cards (category 12, up to 1.8Mbit/s)
UMTS air interface: 2100MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
WLAN air interface (802.11b/g): 2.412–2.462Mhz
DC10Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s
UMTS air interface: 2100MHz
Siemens DC16Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s
UMTS air interface: 850/1900MHz
AirCard 850Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s UMTS air interface: 2100MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
Sierra Wireless AirCard 860Category 12 equipment, data rate up to 1.8Mbit/s
UMTS air interface: 850/1900MHz
EDGE/GPRS air interface: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
Source: Ovum, vendors
To date, few commercial agreements have been announced. Sierra Wireless is
currently shipping HSDPA AirCard 860 cards for Cingular in the US and AirCard 850cards for Manx Telecom on the Isle of Man. These operators are the first to offer commercial HSDPA services. When purchased with the Manx Telecom Pronto Connect Data tariff, Sierra Wireless AirCard 850 cards cost ￡49 (including VAT).Cingular has also chosen Novatel Wireless as a supplier of HSDPA cards. Cingular offers both Sierra and Novatel cards at $99.99 after rebate. Novatel Wireless has also begun to ship its Merlin U740 data cards, targeting European operators.
Compared to its rivals, Option NV has adopted an interesting strategy to enable some of its existing UMTS data cards to support HSDPA via a firmware upgrade. Users of Option's GlobeTrotter 3G/EDGE and the GlobeTrotter FUSION+ wireless data cards will have to download the firmware from their operator’s website and will be able to benefit from HSDPA services immediately. However, the drawback will be that the upgraded data cards will not be able to support speeds of more than 1.8Mbit/s, as they will only support the QPSK modulation method. Customers will have to buy new cards to benefit from higher speeds when they are available. In early November 2005, Orange France introduced Option’s HSDPA-ready GlobeTrotter 3G/EDGE cards, available at euro49 (excluding VAT) for a 24-month subscription to its Business Everywhere service. Option NV claims that two other major network operators have announced solutions based on its HSDPA-ready products.
HSDPA modems directly embedded into laptops
Ericsson was one of the first vendors to claim that, in the near future, several notebooks might be equipped with built-in HSDPA (or EV-DO) modems.
Sierra Wireless has developed the MC8755 and MC8765 PCI Express Mini Cards, based on Qualcomm’s chipsets, and targets laptop OEMs. These cards offer peak download speeds of 1.8Mbit/s. Sierra Wireless expects commercial shipments in early 2006. Earlier in the year, Sierra Wireless announced a design win with an undisclosed ‘major’ laptop OEM for its HSDPA mini card. Novatel Wireless also supplies similar products, with its Expedite EU730 and Expedite EU740 modems.
Up until now, only Dell has publicly revealed its plans to embed a HSDPA modem into a notebook. The first HSDPA-enabled notebook from Dell is expected for Q1 2006. In September 2005, Dell announced a partnership with Cingular in this domain. Dell, HP, Lenovo and Panasonic announced similar plans for EV-DO, working with Verizon and Sprint.
HSDPA handsets
South Korean handset manufacturers are the most active
The first HSDPA handsets are expected for early 2006. So far, the South Korean manufacturers LG Electronics and Samsung have been the most active players in HSDPA, participating in several trade shows and public trials.
A month after having publicly demonstrated interoperability between its handset and Nortel’s HSDPA infrastructure, LG Electronics supplied HSDPA handsets to support Mobilkom’s HSDPA trials in Vienna (Austria) in April 2005. The mobile operator was using Nortel’s infrastructure equipment, as well as data cards supplied by Option NV and Sierra Wireless.
LG also showcased its HSDPA handsets with Cingular in June 2005, and has completed interoperability testing with Lucent’s HSDPA infrastructure – Lucent being one of Cingular’s HSDPA network equipment suppliers. LG is likely to be one of the first suppliers of HSDPA handsets to the US operator.
LG and Samsung HSDPA handsets use MSM 6275 chips, Qualcomm’s first
generation of UMTS/HSDPA solutions, and consequently offer theoretical downlink speeds of up to 1.8Mbit/s. During the demonstrations held in March 2005, LG announced that it was expecting to start commercial shipments of its HSDPA handsets in late 2005. Samsung claims that it will start producing HSDPA handsets for the US market in early 2006. Taiwanese HTC announced HSDPA handsets for the second half of 2006. However, a wider range of HSDPA handsets developed by the major handset manufacturers is expected for late 2006 and would support data speeds of up to 3.6Mbit/s (Category 6). As was the case with 3G handsets, the first HSDPA phones will be expensive and prices will decrease progressively when volumes increase due to the increasing availability of HSDPA services worldwide.Roadmap for HSDPA user equipment
Figure 5Roadmap for HSDPA user equipment
Samples of HSDPA
7.2 Mb/s chipsets
data cards (1.8 Mb/s)First HSDPA handsets (1.8 Mb/s)First HSDPA data cards (3.6 Mb/s)
First HSUPA data cards First HSUPA handsets First mid-end
HSDPA handsets
First notebooks with HSDPA built-in RCI modem (1.8 Mb/S)First HSUPA
built-in PC
modem
Source: Ovum
HSDPA network infrastructure equipment suppliers
All the main telecoms equipment vendors for mobile networks provide HSDPA
solutions. For instance, Siemens, which is one of the leading vendors of UMTS base stations, claims to have installed HSDPA-ready base stations since 2002. As for handsets or data cards, the performance of HSDPA network solutions varies from one vendor to another. Following HSDPA trials in China, Nokia announced that its first commercial HSDPA software release for network infrastructure will support up to
1.8Mbit/s download speeds and will require an additional software upgrade to offer
3.6Mbit/s speeds. This second software upgrade will be available from mid 2006.During trials with Vodafone KK, Ericsson announced that the upgraded base stations
support downlink and uplink speeds of up to 3.6Mbit/s and 384Kbit/s respectively. Lucent's HSDPA solution can offer peak data rates of up to 7.6Mbit/s, while future upgrades will provide maximum speeds of up to 14.4Mbit/s.
However, mobile operators are not engaged in a race to provide the highest speed for a single user. Instead, they wish to increase the overall capacity of the network, maximising the number of 3G subscribers supported by a single carrier while offering data speeds of 1–2Mbit/s on average.
Is the rollout of HSDPA only limited to a software upgrade of base stations?
In an HSDPA network, the base station plays a more important role compared to in a UMTS R99 network, as it is now responsible for the scheduling algorithm and the retransmission mechanism. As a consequence, the implementation of HSDPA in a UMTS network mainly involves changes in the radio access network. For UMTS base stations deployed since 2002, most of the time the HSDPA upgrade only involves a software upgrade. This is the reason why HSDPA is often said to be to UMTS what EDGE is to GPRS. Due to scheduling, HSDPA base stations will require higher processing power in order to support as many users as possible. Regarding core network and radio network controllers, limited changes mainly concern the signalling part, due to the higher bandwidth access allowed by HSDPA. Therefore, the rollout of HSDPA is mainly considered an incremental cost for most UMTS operators. However, many operators that deployed UMTS in 2001 rolled out first-generation UMTS base stations. These base stations were not HSDPA-ready and operators will have to replace their hardware or install new base stations in certain parts of their networks.
Operators with 3G spectrum that have not yet deployed UMTS can deploy HSDPA directly, at a similar price to a UMTS rollout. However, mobile operators may have to make additional changes that could be expensive. For instance, if HSDPA is a success the backhaul part of the network will have to be upgraded as well, in order to deal with the increased capacity. This will mean additional microwave links, the rental of new E1/T1 lines or investments in new backhauling technologies (fixed optical, DSL or WiMAX).
HSDPA trial results
All the main vendors have performed HSDPA demonstrations in the mobile industry trade shows (such as 3GSM and CTIA). Most of the demonstrations (not to say all) that we have attended, were performed using a unique HSDPA data card and close to the base station. In such cases, a laptop equipped with an HSDPA Category 12 data card (limited to a maximum rate of 1.8Mbit/s) has an average downlink speed of 1.5Mbit/s.
However, limited information is available about HSDPA performance within a cell simultaneously shared by several users – a situation that is more likely to occur in real life, especially considering that HSDPA will be introduced first in very dense areas where data traffic is important. As a consequence, vendors are still involved in
numerous trials with operators worldwide, while very few operators have already begun to deploy (or activate) HSDPA within their networks.
In early November 2005, Motorola announced some very interesting results from the outdoor HSDPA field trials that it had conducted in Europe with major mobile operators. Based on these trials, Motorola gives the following recommendations to mobile operators:
?provide enough power processing at the base stations to schedule the highest possible number of calls at the launch of the HSDPA service
?supply handsets with key features embedded, such as advanced receivers, in order to improve the overall performance of HSDPA services
?use QoS prioritisation rules for video services. Motorola revealed that having four simultaneous active users is sufficient to deteriorate the quality of video streaming services if scheduling priorities are not optimised.
Regarding HSUPA, vendors plan to introduce their first systems in the second half of 2006. For instance, Siemens and NEC plan to initially provide 1.4Mbit/s HSUPA solutions, starting in H2 2006. Later, the uplink will support rates of up to 5.8Mbit/s. Having demonstrated HSUPA capability at the 3GSM 2005, Nokia expects to launch its commercial offering in 2007. Ericsson also performed HSUPA demonstrations with 3 Scandinavia in May 2005, during which uplink data rates reached 1.5Mbit/s. HSDPA infrastructure contracts
Around 30 supply agreements have been publicly unveiled, and some of these are listed in Figure 6. The leading suppliers of HSDPA solutions so far are Ericsson, Nokia, Nortel and Lucent. For instance, Nokia has seven HSDPA public references and claims to have 20 HSDPA customers in total. Ericsson claims that its HSDPA solution is now in operation in 15 countries, supporting downlink speeds of up to
3.6Mbit/s.
Figure 6Public HSDPA contracts by vendor (as of 31 October 2005)
Vendors Identified HSDPA customers
Alcatel/Fujitsu NTT DoCoMo (Japan), tele.ring (Austria)
Ericsson Cellcom (Israel), Cingular (US), FINNET (Finland), Maxis (Malaysia),
Partner (Israel), Telstra (Australia)
Huawei Telfort (Netherlands)
LG KTF (South Korea), SKT (South Korea)
Lucent Cingular (US), Manx Telecom (Isle of Man)
Motorola VIBO Telecom (Taiwan)
Nokia Elisa (Estonia, Finland), EuroTel Praha (Czech Republic), O2 (Germany, Ireland, UK), T-Mobile (Germany, Netherlands, UK), Wataniya (Kuwait) Nortel KTF (South Korea), O2 (Germany, Ireland, UK), SKT (South Korea) Siemens Cingular (US), Maxis (Malaysia), T-Mobile (Austria, Germany)
Source: Ovum
Operators’ HSDPA plans
UMTS operators consider HSDPA to be an evolution of their networks, as the upgrade cost is relatively low. HSDPA uses the existing UMTS frequency bands owned by the operators and often acquired at a very high price. This is a good way to leverage their existing investments.
Some operators who have not yet deployed UMTS but own 3G spectrum are also considering a direct rollout of HSDPA as a complement to EDGE, bypassing the provision of UMTS R99 services. Following this strategy, Bouygues Telecom in France plans to launch HSDPA in late 2006 or early 2007 in dense areas, as a complement to a nationwide EDGE network.
Operators’ HSDPA roadmaps
Today, around 50 operators worldwide are committed to HSDPA. Their level of interest varies: some are testing and/or planning to deploy HSDPA, while others have begun to deploy the technology in their commercial networks. Their launch dates depend on several different factors:
?the presence of services/projects involving alternative technologies such as EV-DO, Flash-OFDM, UMTS TDD or mobile WiMAX
?the maturity of the market and level of competition
?service strategies, such as mobile data services or mobile VoIP
?the nature of the operator (such as new entrant or incumbent)
To date, only Cingular Wireless and Manx Telecom have publicly announced the activation of their HSDPA networks, in three US markets and on the Isle of Man respectively.
Figure 7 Examples of planned HSDPA commercial launches worldwide
Q4 2005Q1 2006Q2 2006Q3 2006Q4 2006Q1 2007Q2 2007
Manx Telecom T-Mobile Orange
Cingular (US)KTF (South Korea)Vodafone Italy NTT DoCoMo (Japan)eMobile
(Japan)
SKT (South Korea)Vodafone UK SFR
(France)
T-Mobile Austria Telefonica Moviles Espana Bouygues Telecom
(France)
KPN Mobile (Netherlands) 3 Italy Far EasTone
(Taiwan)
T-Mobile Netherlands Vodafone
Portugal
Tele.ring (Austria)Telfort
(Netherlands)
Source: Ovum
HSDPA deployment roadmap in Asia
Japan
The first operator to have introduced WCDMA, NTT DoCoMo, is also a pioneer in HSDPA, testing the technology since 2003. In 2004, NTT DoCoMo conducted field trials in Yokohama over six to seven months.
Even though the upgrade to HSDPA involves incremental costs, such as the addition of software into its existing WCDMA base stations or the change of some cards, NTT DoCoMo believes that HSDPA will reduce the cost per bit by two thirds, thanks to its higher transmission capabilities. Consequently, for the Japanese operator, HSDPA is an enhancement to its 3G FOMA service, improving both data speeds and spectrum efficiency. NTT DoCoMo’s introduction of HSDPA is also driven by the competition from KDDI’s EV-DO services. However, initially planned for 2005, the Japanese
operator has decided to delay the commercial launch of HSDPA until the second half of 2006. NTT DoCoMo is currently conducting handset tests for commercial services.NTT DoCoMo will not be alone in providing HSDPA services in Japan. The third Japanese mobile operator, Vodafone KK, has also committed to HSDPA. Ericsson recently announced the upgrade of the operator’s WCDMA commercial network in
central parts of Tokyo. Vodafone KK will use this part of the network to perform live field trials, having tested the technology in labs since Q4 2004. It also conducted trials with Japanese vendor NEC during the summer of 2005.
In addition to existing mobile operators, eMobile and BB Mobile, two mobile subsidiaries of leading fixed broadband service providers eAccess and Softbank (Yahoo! BB), have conducted trials of HSDPA in the 1.7GHz band. eMobile has conducted HSDPA trials in Tokyo with Lucent and Fujitsu, using an experimental licence in the 1.7GHz band, while BB Mobile has performed HSDPA trials with Nortel in the Saitama Prefecture, located north west of Tokyo. BB Mobile has also tested WiMAX with Nortel and LG. BB Mobile and eMobile will begin to deploy their services once they receive mobile licences for the 1.7GHz FDD band from the regulator. eAccess plans to launch its mobile broadband service in major metropolitan areas in Japan in March 2007, and then gradually expand nationwide.
By 2007, the Japanese mobile broadband market is going to be particularly competitive, as IPMobile, a third new entrant, will use the TDD spectrum in the 2GHz band to provide UMTS TDD services. We may also need to consider the mobile WiMAX services planned by YOZAN for late 2006.
South Korea
South Korea is historically a CDMA market, and EV-DO has been successful there. However, due to Qualcomm’s decision to halt EV-DV development and due to political vendor export reasons, KTF and SKT have decided to also deploy HSDPA.
In September 2005, KTF selected Nortel and LG to provide HSDPA base stations and 3G core equipment respectively. The HSDPA-ready network will be deployed first in Seoul, and will be extended to 17 cities by the end of 2005. An additional 45 cities are expected to be covered by the UMTS/HSDPA network by the end of 2006.
In early October 2005, Nortel and LG revealed they were selected to provide HSDPA technology and UMTS core network solutions, respectively, to SKT. Samsung is also a supplier of HSDPA solutions. SKT plans to invest W600 billion ($580 million) for the rollout of an HSDPA network spanning 23 cities, and an additional W600 billion to extend the coverage to 84 cities.
Both SKT and KTF’s HSDPA networks are expected to be activated during the first half of 2006. Initially, SKT’s HSDPA service will offer download speeds of 1.8Mbit/s, while by 2007 the downlink will be improved to 7.2Mbit/s. The uplink will be upgraded to HSUPA, providing data speeds of 2Mbit/s.
HSDPA deployment roadmap in North America
Cingular Wireless is one of the most active operators in HSDPA worldwide, mainly due to the pressure coming from the already available EV-DO services operated by its rivals Verizon and Sprint. Cingular began its first HSDPA tests in January 2005. Lucent, Ericsson and Siemens are the suppliers of Cingular’s UMTS/HSDPA network infrastructure. Since mid-October 2005, Cingular’s networks in the cities of Dallas/Fort
Worth, Seattle and Phoenix have been upgraded to HSDPA, but they are not commercially exploiting the technology due to the lack of HSDPA-enabled end-user devices.
In early December 2005, Cingular launched its UMTS/HSDPA BroadbandConnect service in sixteen markets, and plans expansion in most of the main US markets by the end of 2006. The first BroadbandConnect markets are Austin (Texas), Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Las Vegas, Phoenix, Portland (Oregon), Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (California), Seattle, Tacoma (Washington) and Washington D.C.
In these markets, Cingular subscribers are supposed to benefit from average data speeds of around 400–700Kbit/s, with peak rates of over 1Mbit/s. Cingular’s commercial HSDPA service initially uses data cards from Novatel Wireless (Merlin
U730 3G HSDPA Wireless PC Card Modems) and Sierra Wireless (AirCard 860 data cards). Cingular is pricing the BroadbandConnect service at $59.99 for unlimited use, if the customer is separately a voice subscriber and they sign a two-year deal. The data card is $99.99 for this tariff. Alongside data cards, Cingular plans to introduce HSDPA handsets in 2006. The company also partners with Dell to embed HSDPA modems into Dell’s notebooks.
In the US, Edge Wireless, an affiliate of Cingular, is conducting UMTS and HSDPA field trials with Nortel. T-Mobile USA is also planning to deploy HSDPA directly in early 2007, and bypass UMTS. Until this date, the mobile operator will continue to deploy EDGE and WiFi. In Canada, Rogers Communications is partnering with Ericsson to trial both IMS and HSDPA.
HSDPA deployment roadmap in Western Europe
O2 Group (UK, Ireland and Germany)
The O2 Group was one of the most active mobile conglomerates regarding HSDPA in Europe. O2 has conducted HSDPA trials with Nortel, Nokia and Lucent. Nortel and Nokia have been selected for the supply of HSDPA infrastructure in the UK, Germany and Ireland. Lucent is the provider of Manx Telecom’s HSDPA network on the Isle of Man.
Manx Telecom, the wholly owned subsidiary of O2, commercially launched its HSDPA service on 1 November 2005 under the Pronto Connect Max DATA-ONLY
3G service. It is the first HSDPA commercial service launched in Europe and it will initially target business users, offering data speeds of up to 1.2Mbit/s. For a limited period of time, subscribers will be able to buy the Sierra Wireless AirCard 850 PC Card for ￡49 (including VAT). After an initial three-month free rental period and without any activation cost, Pronto Connect DATA-ONLY 3G will be available as part of two existing packages, Connect 10 and Connect Max, which are detailed in Figure 8.
Figure 8 Manx Telecom HSDPA service plan
Prices are VAT inclusive Connect 10Connect Max
Monthly charge￡9.40￡39.95
Download limitation10Mb100Mb
Cost per additional MB90 pence60 pence
Activation cost None None
Minimum period of service12 months12 months
Promotional offer First 3 months are free First 3 months are free
Sierra AirCard 850 PC Card Special launch price of ￡49
Source: Manx Telecom
Manx Telecom’s HSDPA deployment constitutes a live test-bed for O2 in terms of development of new services and management of certain technical issues. Aside from the Isle of Man, O2 plans to launch HSDPA in the UK during Q3 2006, and plans to upgrade the network to support speeds of up to 7.2Mbit/s by early 2008 and up to 10.2Mbit/s by late 2009. In 2006, O2 will also launch HSDPA in Germany and Ireland. T-Mobile Group
In Germany, after having intensively tested the technology in Berlin and other cities, T-Mobile plans to commercially launch HSDPA nationwide during the CeBIT in March 2006. The network upgrade will mainly be limited to a software upgrade, but in some cases will need hardware replacement as well.
In order to prepare the ground for March 2006, T-Mobile has been offering HSDPA-ready data cards since September 2005. The T-Mobile Mobile DSL Card 1800 is available for euro79.95, based on a two-year DataConnect Exclusive contract
(euro309.95 without subscription). The card will support data speeds of up to
1.8Mbit/s, thanks to a free software upgrade that will be available in February 2006. T-Mobile has set up HSDPA demonstrations for customers in T-Punkt outlets on the Ku’Damm in Berlin and on the T-Mobile Campus in Bonn.
In Austria, T-Mobile also offers HSDPA-ready data cards, branded as Mobile Broadband Card 1800 WLAN, but for euro49. By the beginning of 2006, all UMTS base stations in the Austrian network will be equipped with HSDPA cards and associated software. From 2007, the speed is to be increased to 3.6Mbit/s. Siemens is the supplier of the UMTS/HSDPA network infrastructure of T-Mobile Austria. The operator has already launched an HSDPA field trial in Vienna, with friendly users such as the insurance group Generali.
T-Mobile will start the rollout of HSDPA in Austria and Germany in 2006, and then extend it to the Netherlands, the UK and later to Hungary. Globally, the rollout of HSDPA will have a consequence on T-Mobile’s WiFi hotspot strategy. As HSDPA will
progressively span across its mobile networks, the operator will gradually slow down the deployment of hotspots. However, T-Mobile is pragmatic and also invests in alternative technologies such UMTS TDD or Flarion Flash-OFDM in some countries, depending on the owned spectrum and market characteristics. In the Czech Republic, T-Mobile decided to deploy UMTS TDD to complement the deployment of EDGE to provide high-speed mobile data services. In Slovakia, T-Mobile decided to deploy Flash-OFDM in the 450MHz band, in association with Siemens.
Vodafone Group
Vodafone considers HSDPA to be a natural evolution of its UMTS networks. Furthermore, Vodafone estimates that the evolution of HSDPA is simply an incremental cost that will clearly enhance both the capacity and efficiency of its networks. The mobile operator is also convinced that thanks to HSDPA its products will become highly competitive with DSL. The value proposition of Vodafone’s broadband offer will be the mobility. Vodafone has already introduced ‘wireless DSL’products such as Vodafone Zuhause in Germany.
In Europe, the Vodafone Group plans to launch field trials and pre-commercial services with friendly users in late 2005 and early 2006. For instance, in September 2005, Vodafone Germany launched HSDPA trials for business customers at the CentrO shopping centre in Oberhausen. Vodafone Italy has also launched field trials in Rome and Milan. The launch of these field trials followed trials performed in August 2005, and reached an average speed of 1.5Mbit/s using Nokia commercial equipment. Vodafone Italy plans to launch HSDPA commercially during spring 2006. The Vodafone Group plans commercial HSDPA launches by mid-2006, with peak rates of 1.6Mbit/s. In terms of user experience, Vodafone claims that initially its customers will have a 90% chance of benefiting from an average data speed of
425Kbit/s, 50% of 800Kbit/s and 10% of 1.2Mbit/s. The Vodafone Group will introduce HSUPA In 2007 or 2008.
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现代服务业学院 《文献检索与论文写作》课程论文 题目仓储管理信息系统现状与发展专业物流管理 班级133班 姓名徐洋洋 指导教师倪蔚颖（讲师） 完成时间：2014年112月
仓储管理信息系统现状与发展 物流管理133班徐洋洋 摘要:仓库管理信息系统是一个必要的信息技术手段，提高现代物流企业的仓库管理水平。随着现代仓储物流企业的转变，我国的传统仓储企业，也开始注重仓储管理信息系统的建设。然而，据统计，由于信息系统规划缺乏大多数企业，仓库管理信息系统的建设没有发挥提高存储服务水平，提高服务效率的作用。因此，本文根据物流仓储管理信息系统规划为研究对象，结合中国传统仓储企业的特点，通过与常用的信息系统规划方法目前比较，进行物流仓储管理信息系统规划。 关键词:仓储管理信息系统；现代物流；库存 物流作为一种服务功能和各行各业的跨行业，跨行业经营紧密地联系在一起。仓库管理是社会经济中不可缺少的重要组成部分，一般的仓储业是以储存、保管为宗旨，可称之为静态储存。而现代的仓储业则向流转中心发展，可集保管储存、流通加工、分类、拣选、商品输送等为一体，则称之为动态储存。而且随着新科技革命的计算机和网络管理的发展，计算机在仓储管理中的应用越来越普及，计算机可以使复杂的数据处理简单，大大提高仓库管理的效率。 一、国内仓储管理系统现状 近年来，物流业在中国迅速发展，已经成为中国国民经济的重要力量，但与发达国家相比，中国物流业的总体形势仍然比较混乱。虽然大部分企业都竖起了物流企业的旗帜，但功能和现代物流缺乏竞争力，物流管理落后，使其在不同的市场需求前处于被动地位。物流市场不断经历着重新洗牌和适者生存。另一方面，随着生产和流通规模的扩大发展，随着我国经济融入国际经济体系，加速物流在中国的发展速度，也会发生一系列的变化，这些变化主要体现在以下几个方面： (一)仓储业社会化、功能化 中国仓储业效率低，利用率不高，工作条件差，缺乏自我发展的能力，在市场经济的环境中，任何社会资源只有市场才能充分体现自由交换的价值，只有在
仓储管理系统WMS商业计划书 一、基本市场状况分析（什么样的企业需要WMS）： 1．全球性经济危机迫使制造业必须提高核心竞争力，降低生产成本，寻找新的利润源； 中国企业正在经历着前所未有的变革，谁先变革，谁将更有号召力和生命力。大家都在寻找最适合自己公司增长的利润源。 第一利润源：降低物料成本（产品开发、提高良率、减少浪费） 第二利润源：降低人力成本（提高生产效率、高效的内部物流） 第三利润源：降低物流成本（内部物流、外部物流） 第四利润源：增加企业利润，提高供应链运作效率（供应链管理）； 企业已经极尽全力地挖掘“第一利润源”、“第二利润源”、“第三利润源”。 受“第三利润源”理论的推动，许多物流经理面临着没完没了压缩物流成本的巨大压力。中国的大多数企业还处于直接压缩物流基础作业成本的阶段，并没有考虑从物流服务的创新与开展物流增值服务中寻求利润。 如今，世界已经进入了信息时代，一种新的利润增长源悄然形成，即通过提高供应链运作效率，实现企业利润的增加，称为企业的“第四利润源”。 第四利润源不仅着眼于供应链管理，更强调通过现代管理技术和方法，构建完整高效的供应链管理体系，充分利用和挖掘外部资源，提高供应链的运作效率，增强企业的核心竞争力。 物流供应链软件使“第四利润源”成为可能； 缺少信息化的物流可能成为“盲流”，信息化是企业制胜的法宝；形象地说，信息流是整个企业的血液，掌握企业的命脉，而物流供应链软件就是输送血液的“心脏起搏器”，使企业的心脏永不衰竭。 毋庸置疑，物流供应链软件使企业赢得“第四利润源”成为可能，因为物流供应链在本质上增强了企业的核心竞争力，才能进入“第一利润源”--“第二利润源”--“第三利润源”—“第四利润源”的良性循环，使企业在“大浪淘沙”
物流仓储管理系统报告 引言 随着中国经济的迅猛发展和市场竞争的日趋激烈，越来越多的企业经营者发现，一个生产企业再没有足够的时间和资金来完成经营的全过程，他们急需一个长期且巩固的合作伙伴来分担这种压力，从而取得共同的发展和盈利。于是，作为第三方物流的关键环节，仓储管理也得到了企业家的高度重视。在现代物流管理科学蓬勃发展的情况下，仓储管理的角色也已起了质与量的变化，虽然其调节生产量与需求量的原始功能一直没有改变，但由于信息技术的高度发展和计算机知识在商业上的广泛应用，仓储业已越来越信息化、自动化。仓库库存管理系统是一个企业不可缺少的部分,它的内容对于企业的决策者和管理者来说都至关重要,所以仓库库存管理系统应该能够为用户提供充足的信息和快捷的查询手段。但一直以来人们使用传统人工的方式管理仓库中的各种物资设备，这种管理方式存在着许多缺点,如:效率低、另外时间一长,将产生大量的文件和数据,这对于查找、更新和维护都带来了不少的困难。随着科学技术的不断提高,计算机科学日渐成熟,其强大的功能已为人们深刻认识,它已进入人类社会的各个领域并发挥着越来越重要的作用。 一、需求分析 1、行业介绍 仓储在物流供应链中起着至关重要的作用，如果不能保证正确的进货和库存控制及发货，将会导致管理费用的增加，服务质量难以得到保证，从而影响企业的竞争力。传统的仓储管理系统注重对货物的出入库登记管理与货物数量的统计，时间长了会出现货物位置杂乱，为寻找货物带来难度，需要投入大量人力进行规范物品的放置、定期整理盘点以及出入库登记等工作，这使得仓储管理问题十分繁琐，浪费大量时间，增加管理的成本。随着国际物流业的迅猛发展，大量的信息技术被采用以提高该行业的服务效率和质量，现代物流发展趋势为：物流的系统化趋势；物流的信息化趋势；物流中心、批发中心、配送中心的社会趋势；仓储、运输的现代化与综合体系化趋势；物流与商流、信息流一体化趋势；可以清楚地看出，物流发展的五大趋势里非常突出的是信息化。因此，物流中心的
仓储管理经典案例物流案例分析： 仓储是集中反映工厂物资活动状况的综合场所，是连接生产、供应、销售的中转站，对促进生产提高效率起着重要的辅助作用。 仓储是产品生产、流通过程中因订单前置或市场预测前置而使产品、物品暂时存放。它是集中反映工厂物资活动状况的综合场所，是连接生产、供应、销售的中转站，对促进生产提高效率起着重要的辅助作用。同时，围绕着仓储实体活动，清晰准确的报表、单据帐目、会计部门核算的准确信息也同时进行着，因此仓储是物流、信息流、单证流的合一。 仓储管理重点 随着接单和经营模式不同，仓储模式也不同。下面我们逐个介绍不同接单模式下的仓储管理重点，与经营方式相关联的仓储模式重要名词解释如下。经营模式与仓储模式相关联的重要名词解释：： 根据事前与客户协议的库存水平自动补货的一种交易模式，根据客户订单进行生产排配、物料采购、交货安排的弹性接单交易模式。，依客户选配订单由标准半成品起做测试组装交货的弹性接单交易模式，供应商免费存放，在距离组装地－小时车程、－天的订单或预测前置库存。制造商免费存放，在距离客户销货地－小时车程，－天的订单或预测前置成品库存。是传统的接单方式，在客户提供的预测需求下拟定生产计量，按既定的规格生产半成品、成品入库，客户下订单与交货通知时再由库存出货达交。其交期承诺的关键要素在“半成品在手库存量和成品在手库存量”能给已排定的生产计量补货并满足订单需求，必要时建立(中转仓)与最后组装线以满足客户最大需求。在交易方式下，不同仓储模式的管理重点如下：在原物料方面，要求贵重与自制的供应商进驻，生产前段尽量做到无库存(库存属供应商)，要货时再调动，其真义已如名词解释；在半成品方面，依预计需求备料，但注意市场需求变量，随时调整库存量。最好用（最大需求量最小需求量）加配套管制其补充量。半成品需用(现场车间管理系统－，在工令投入前自动抓取库存信息，自动排配出较佳出货计划进行供应链管理活动)管制为佳。：设在客户处的，根据客户销售状况及的变量与客户共同协商调整的，要做到客户提货时自动反映库存与补货量回制造基地。在接单方式下，客户下订单后才排生产计划，仍按备料，愈靠近客户做最后组装愈有利，其交货期承诺的关键要素在于原物料供应与产能产量爬坡的速度。在交易方式下，不同仓储模式的管理重点如下：在原物料方面，贵重与自制的供货商进驻，生产前段尽量做到无库存(库存属供货商)，供应商做到线边仓服务。在成品拣料方面，成品库存存放于出货口，按同一包装号、号排列，出货时把打包完成的订单货物放置到托盘上。单据上有发货通知()和运输序列()两种出货指示
2021年仓储管理系统行业市场调研报告
目录 1.仓储管理系统行业现状 (4) 1.1仓储管理系统行业定义及产业链分析 (4) 1.2仓储管理系统市场规模分析 (6) 2.仓储管理系统行业前景趋势 (8) 2.1仓储管理系统功能完善，市场规模不断扩大 (8) 2.2一体化、集成化成为主要发展方向 (8) 2.3柔性化、平台化趋势明显 (9) 2.4自动化、智慧化的广泛应用 (9) 2.5互联网+智能仓储设备 (9) 2.6共享化趋势 (9) 2.7需求开拓 (10) 3.仓储管理系统行业存在的问题 (10) 3.1仓库信息数据存在错误性和延迟性 (10) 3.2仓库物料/成品多，作业准确率低 (10) 3.3仓库流程不够规范 (11) 3.4缺乏追溯手段 (11) 3.5行业服务无序化 (11) 3.6供应链整合度低 (12) 3.7供给不足，产业化程度较低 (12) 4.仓储管理系统行业政策环境分析 (13)
4.1仓储管理系统行业政策环境分析 (13) 4.2仓储管理系统行业经济环境分析 (13) 4.3仓储管理系统行业社会环境分析 (13) 4.4仓储管理系统行业技术环境分析 (14) 5.仓储管理系统行业竞争分析 (15) 5.1仓储管理系统行业竞争分析 (15) 5.1.1对上游议价能力分析 (15) 5.1.2对下游议价能力分析 (15) 5.1.3潜在进入者分析 (16) 5.1.4替代品或替代服务分析 (16) 5.2中国仓储管理系统行业品牌竞争格局分析 (17) 5.3中国仓储管理系统行业竞争强度分析 (17) 6.仓储管理系统产业投资分析 (18) 6.1中国仓储管理系统技术投资趋势分析 (18) 6.2中国仓储管理系统行业投资风险 (18) 6.3中国仓储管理系统行业投资收益 (19)
1.系统简介 海外仓储管理系统 海外仓系统OSWMS 面向拥有海外仓的电商卖家或者物流服务商，提供电子商务平台信息化和电商物流信息化整合服务。通过整合国内外电商平台将电商在各种直营、分销渠道的订单、客户、库存等信息进行集成同步和统一管理，实现国内电商与跨境电商业务的高效协同运营，让您在国内就能管理海外仓库，实时掌控货物库存，减少物流成本，快速响应订单，提高竞争力。 2.核心优势 你的企业是否遇到过以下问题？ 1.找寻仓库中货物时，费时费力，常常找不到。 2.不清楚仓库中具有多少库存，不清楚具体存放位置。 3.每次盘点货物，耗时大。 4.入库，出库耗费时间较长，影响效率。 5.客户管理跟不上。 6.国内与国外信息难以共享、沟通困难，数据没有得到统一的管理。 7.国内无法时时了解到国外仓储的库存情况。 8.国内与国外之间在物流配送上失调等。 以上问题，会严重影响企业产品物流运送效率，造成管理混乱，增加企业的管理成本。 从客户体验感出发，简洁实用的功能和流程 我们设计出富有创意、值得信赖以及具有灵活度的商业流程，以满足海外仓市场的多面要求；
我们独特的解决方案有助于为您的系统吸引顾客，并通过得到认可的客户体验感为您与顾客建立长期的合作关系。 在行业竞争激烈拥有一个优秀的信息化系统，是您的优势所在，扩大市场的利剑！ 成本节约 资深星级工程师从搭建到维护，一条龙服务，替您省下大量人力物力财力。 云仓储云服务 B/S结构，随时随地访问无人员数量限制 .net平台开发安全保障，拓展方便，有效承载高并发量 人性化设计 企业级官网，人性化界面，旗舰展示。 提升企业品牌，强化企业形象。 优选业务流程设计 整合行业优秀企业业务流程。多仓储多供应商模式，按自定义的拣货路径进行有效地拣货，自动增减库存，达到库存数据的高准确性。 主流电商平台无缝对接 电商平台实现无缝对接，实现订单数据自动传输，系统自动抓取订单信息。 运费预算、包裹跟踪 客户在线预算渠道报价、方便比多、便于选择。系统连接四大国际快递系统，自动轨迹跟踪。 管理高效 全面解决企业的核心运营问题，囊括订单处理、多仓储管理、头程管理、海外仓储管理、海外物流操作管理、财务管理、统计报表等，高效作业、轻松管理、释放资源。 API功能 打通ebay、速卖通、亚马逊多平台订单同步，跨平台物流统一管理，API数据接口自由互联用户系统。 3.服务保障 24小时全天候的服务 7*24小时全程基础运维外包服务， 99.5%以上可用率，提升企业全天候运作、促进业务增值能力 应急求援，进一步保障安全 为企业用户提供快速、专业、高效的灾难恢复帮助，通过远程、现场等方式提供应急响应 一对一客服支持 指导系统功能使用，问题解决 系统升级更新 系统会根据市场应用要求改进更新，新增功能等，同时为有个性需要的用户定制功能，满足用户各种要求。 4.系统功能
内容摘要 仓储管理在物流业和整个经济活动中都具有重要的地位和作用。对仓储进行管理，主要是为了使仓库空间的利用与库存货品的处置成本实现平衡。它是降低仓储物流成本的重要途径之一。通过高效率的仓储活动，可使商品仓储在最有效的时间段发挥作用，创造商品仓储的“时间价值”和“空间价值”。此文浅谈了仓储管理的地位和作用，我国仓储管理的现状和未来的发展趋势，以及对加强和改进我国的仓储管理的意义 目录 内容摘要 (1) 一、仓储管理的地位和作用 (1) （一）什么是仓储管理 (1) 1.1仓储管理在物流管理和整个经济活动中的重要地位和作用 (2) 1)仓储管理在物流管理中的地位和作用。 (2) 2)仓储管理在整个国民经济中的地位和作用 (3) 二、我国目前仓储管理的现状与加强和改进仓储管理的对策 (4) （一）我国仓储管理存在的问题 (4) （二）我国仓储管理的长足发展 (4) (三) 加强和改进我国仓储管理的对策和措施 (5) 三、仓储管理的发展阶段和未来发展趋势 (6) （一）仓储管理的发展阶段 (6) 1、人工和机械化的仓储阶段 (6) 2、自动化仓储阶段 (6) 3、智能化仓储阶段 (7) （二）仓储管理的发展趋势 (7) 1、实现“零库存”管理 (7) 2、整合化管理 (8) 3、计算机化与网络化管理 (8) 四．结论 (8) 一、仓储管理的地位和作用 （一）什么是仓储管理 仓储管理就是对仓库及仓库内的物资所进行的管理，是仓储机构为了充分利用所具有的仓储资源提供高效的仓储服务所进行的计划、组织、控制和协调过程。
具体来说，仓储管理包括仓储资源的获得、仓储商务管理、仓储流程管理、仓储作业管理、保管管理、安全管理多种管理工作及相关的操作。 仓储管理的内涵是随着其在社会经济领域中的作用不断扩大而变化。仓储管理，即库管，是指对仓库及其库存物品的管理。仓储系统是企业物流系统中不可缺少的子系统。物流系统的整体目标是以最低成本提供令客户满意的服务，而仓储系统在其中发挥着重要作用。仓储活动能够促进企业提高客户服务水平，增强企业的竞争能力。现代仓储管理已从静态管理向动态管理发展，产生了根本性的变化。 1.1仓储管理在物流管理和整个经济活动中的重要地位和作用1)仓储管理在物流管理中的地位和作用。 从某种意义上讲，仓储管理在物流管理中占据着核心的地位。从物流的发展史可以看出，物流的研究最初是从解决“牛鞭效应”开始的，即在多环节的流通过程中，由于每个环节对于需求的预测存在误差，因此随着流通环节增加，误差被放大，库存也就越来越偏离实际的最终需求，从而带来保管成本和市场风险的提高。解决这个问题的思路，从研究合理的安全库存开始，到改变流程，建立集中的配送中心，以致到改变生产方式，实行订单生产，将静态的库存管理转变为动态的JIT配送，实现降低库存数量和周期的目的。在这个过程中，尽管仓库越来越集中，每个仓库覆盖的服务范围越来越大，仓库吞吐的物品越来越多，操作越来越复杂，但是仓储的周期越来越短，成本不断递减的趋势一直没有改变。从发达国家的统计数据来看，现代物流的发展历史就是库存成本在总物流成本中所占比重逐步降低的历史。 从许多微观案例来看，仓储管理已成为供应链管理的核心环节。这是因为仓储总是出现在物流各环节的结合部，例如采购与生产之间，生产的初加工与精加工之间，生产与销售之间，批发与零售之间，不同运输方式转换之间等等。仓储是物流各环节之间存在不均衡性的表现，仓储也正是解决这种不均衡性的手段。仓储环节集中了上下游流程整合的所有矛盾，仓储管理就是在实现物流流程的整合。如果借用运筹学的语言来描述仓储管理在物流中的地位，可以说就是在运输条件为约束力的情况下，寻求最优库存（包括布局）方案作为控制手段，使得物流达到总成本最低的目标。在许多具体的案例中，物流的整合、优化实际上归结为仓储的方案设计与运行控制。
PLT仓储物流管理系统白皮书大连口岸物流科技有限公司
PLT-仓储管理系统白皮书 目录 引言....................................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 1.产品简介.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 2.产品业务架构.................................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 2.1.总体描述.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 2.2.架构优势.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.产品设计理念.................................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 3.1.满足仓储管理需求.......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 3.2.满足仓储业务拓展需求.................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 3.3.满足仓储服务需求.......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.产品特点.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.一站式订单服务.............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 4.2.方便快捷的费用结算...................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.3.灵活高效的仓储操作...................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.4.及时准确的库内业务...................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.5.图形化合理管理货位...................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 5.产品运行环境.................................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 5.1.开发平台.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 5.2.运行平台.......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 1
第三方物流企业实施仓储管理系统的国内外现状分析一、第三方物流概念的界定 第三方物流的出现源于企业核心竞争力概念的植入、企业物流职能的外包。第三方物流是社会化专业分工的产物，也是现代物流的一种发展趋势。 事实上，第三方物流的名称在国外的有关文献中也有多种称谓。当然，最常用的是第三方物流，此外还有第三方物流提供商、第三方物流合同商、一体化物流公司以及合同物流专家等等。 然而，目前，对于第三方物流的概念还没有统一的标准，也没有较权威的界定。这里我们只能给出几个较为流行的定义： 在2001年我国发布的国家标准《物流术语》是这样定义第三方物流的：第三方物流是由供方与需方以外的物流企业提供物流服务的业务模式。 在1996年日本内阁阁僚会议上通过的“经济结构的变革和创新计划”中，第三方物流定义为：由买卖双方以外的第 三者按照货主的要求受托完成相关的物流业务。 美国著名的MERCER管理顾客公司对第三方物流的定义为：“向发货人或收货人提供从物流节点的功能服务，到更大X围的物流渠道
的一体化服务；把运输管理、存货调度和信息技术结合起来，以较低的渠道总成本向客户提供增值服务。” 还有的学者认为，第三方物流是第三方物流提供者在特定的时间段内按照特定的价格向使用者提供从系统设计、计划、管理到实施全面个性化的系列物流服务，这种物流服务是建立在现代电子信息技术基础上的，企业之间是联盟关系。 这些定义的表述方法、表述角度、表述内容都不尽相同，但是几乎所有这些定义都表明这样一层意思：第三方物流是由买卖双方以外的第三方来承担物流职能的业务模式。在此我们将提供第三方物流服务的企业称之为第三方物流企业，有时人们也将其直接简称为第三方物流（3PL）。 二、仓储管理在第三物流企业中的重要性 （一）仓储在第三方物流供需中占有重要地位 其一，根据有关人士对第三方物流提供商的调查显示，目前，第三方物流企业提供的主要服务还停留在传统的运输和仓储两大块业务上，
RFID仓储物流管理系统
1概述 1.1 行业介绍 仓储在物流供应链中起着至关重要的作用，如果不能保证正确的进货和库存控制及发货，将会导致管理费用的增加，服务质量难以得到保证，从而影响企业的竞争力。传统的仓储管理系统注重对货物的出入库登记管理与货物数量的统计，时间长了会出现货物位置杂乱，为寻找货物带来难度，需要投入大量人力进行规范物品的放置、定期整理盘点以及出入库登记等工作，这使得仓储管理问题十分繁琐，浪费大量时间，增加管理的成本。 随着国际物流业的迅猛发展，大量的信息技术被采用以提高该行业的服务效率和质量，现代物流发展趋势为：物流的系统化趋势；物流的信息化趋势；物流中心、批发中心、配送中心的社会趋势；仓储、运输的现代化与综合体系化趋势；物流与商流、信息流一体化趋势；可以清楚地看出，物流发展的五大趋势里非常突出的是信息化。因此，物流中心的发展趋势在现代物流发展的大前提下，尤其需要重视的是信息技术的发展及应用。 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification，射频识别技术)，作为一种新兴的非接触式的自动识别技术，通过射频信号自动识别目标并获取相关数据，识别工作无需人工干预，可工作于各种恶劣环境，可识别高速运动物体，并可同时识别多个标签，操作快捷方便。因此，RFID技术已经成为21世纪全球自动识别技术发展的主要方向。 仓储物流数字化建设的基础工作之一就是基础数据的采集问题，基础数据的真实与完备是关系仓储物流数字化建设成功与否的关键与瓶颈，RFID的出现适时地解决了这一问题。使用RFID 仓储物流管理系统，对仓储各环节实施全过程控制管理，对入库、
企业仓库管理系统开发文档 一、项目概述 1、背景分析 现今，在许多大中型企业中，信息化管理平台的应用已经相当成熟，管理软件的目的就是让管理更加容易。然而，目前很多中小型企业都是使用传统的人工模式来工作；传统的手工操作不仅工作量大，而且容易出现问题。为了提高企业信息化水平，促进企业管理的规范化、制度化、流程化，陕西华安能源有限公司决定实施仓储管理系统，希望通过这个系统的实施规范可以为公司提高办公效率。 随着Internet的迅速，宽带已经延伸到边远乡镇，中小型企业对信息化管理平台的应用越来越重视，信息化管理软件的应用在国内越来越普及。在这种情况下，设计和实现简单易用的信息化管理软件成为当前计算机应用领域研究的热点。 企业仓储管理系统的设计与实现对中小型企业加强信息化管理有着极其重要的作用。由于企业规模在不断扩大，订单的数量日益庞大，传统的手工操作不仅工作量大，而且容易出现问题。另外，会计要使用订单来记账，所以一旦订单填写出现了错误，后果往往是非常严重的。传统手工的单据填写过程繁琐而复杂，执行效率低，并且易于出错。通过这样的系统，我们可以做到信息的规范管理和快速查询，实现了仓库管理的系统化、规范化、制度化和流程化，这样不仅减少了管理工作量，还提高了管理效率，降低了管理成本。 2、系统概述 本系统是对陕西华安能源有限公司的具体需求进行的认真地调研基础上设计的，采用B/S模式，选择Oracle作为后台数据库，选择JAVA、JSP、JavaScript、Html作为应用程序开发工具，运用tomcat 服务器技术，整个系统完全基于Browser/Server模式进行设计。 B/S模式有以下优点： （1）开发成本及维护成本降低。由于B/S架构管理软件只安装在服务器端（Server）上，网络管理人员只需要管理服务器就行了，用户界面主要事务逻辑在服务器（Server）端完全通过WWW浏览器实现，极少部分事务逻辑在前端（Browser）实现，所有的客户端只有浏览器，网络管理人员只需要做硬件维护。 （2）良好的安全性能，防火墙技术可以保证后台数据库的安全性。所有客户端请求都是通过DBMS
物流仓储管理系统 需求分析 第三组 2014.7.1
目录 1．引言 (3) 1.1编写目的 (3) 1.2项目背景 (3) 1.3定义 (3) 2．任务概述 (4) 2.1目标 (4) 2.2运行环境 (4) 3．数据描述 (5) 3.1数据库设计 (5) 3.2用例图 (7) 3.2.1用户登陆模块用例图 (7) 3.2.2 整体流程图 (8) 4．功能需求 (10) 4.1功能划分 (10) 4.1.1前台用户 (10) 4.1.2 后台用户——管理员 (10) 4.2 功能描述 (11) 4.2.1 用户信息管理 (11) 4.3 系统结构 (11) 5．性能需求 (12) 5.1环境要求 (12) 5.2 系统安全性要求 (12) 5.3 故障处理要求 (12) 5.4 时间限制.......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 5.5 其他性能要求 (13) 6．运行需求 (13) 6.1用户界面 (13) 6.2服务器软件 (13) 6.3硬件接口 (14) 6.4软件接口 (14) 6.5 内部接口 (14)
1．引言 1.1编写目的 此需求分析文档对物联网智能仓储管理系统做了全面细致的用户需求分析，明确所要开发的系统应具有的功能、性能与界面，使系统分析人员与仓库开发人员能清楚地了解用户的需求，并在此基础上进一步提出概要设计说明书和完成后续设计与开发工作。 1.2项目背景 在21世纪科技与文化飞速发展之际，物联网通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、广泛应用于网络的融合中。 而仓储管理在企业的整个供应链中起着至关重要的作用，如果不能保证正确的进货和库存控制及发货，将会导致管理费用的增加，服务质量难以得到保证，从而影响企业的竞争力。传统简单、静态的仓储管理已无法保证企业各种资源的高效利用。 如今的仓库作业和库存控制作业已十分复杂化多样化，仅靠人工记忆和手工录入，不但费时费力，而且容易出错，给企业带来巨大损失。 在这个大背景下，物联网仓储管理系统针对于特定对象（如仓库）的商品、单据流动，进行仓库作业结果的记录、核对和管理，从而增加仓库的效率、管理透明度、减少了人工成本，提高了仓库利用率，明显增加了经济效益。 1.3定义 Browser/Server体系 B/S结构的软件是相对传统的C/S结构而言的。C/S结构应该具有这样的特征:客户端、服务器端都安装相应的软件，客户端、服务器端各完成相应的计算工作，服务器端保存数据库。B/S结构应该具有如下特征:服务器端都安装相应的软件，客户端不安装任何软件(不需要维护)。客户端运行程序是靠浏览器软件(如IE ,Netscape等)登陆服务器进行的。客户端在浏览器里完成一定的计算任务。Client/Server体系 在计算机产生和发展的过程中，计算机软硬件设备、网络技术发生了巨大的变化，计算机的体系结构也随着相关技术在不断发展。在计算机发展的早期主要是主机/终端方式，进入80年代以来，Client/Server体系逐渐走上了迅速发展的道路。90年代后，随着大型数据库管理系统以及可视化程序开发技术的成熟，进一步推动了Client/Server结构的广泛应用。如今，Client/Server体系己经成为最主要的计算机应用体系结构，随着网络应用的要求，Client/Server体系又进一步衍变成T多层Client/Server结构体系和Browser/Server体系。
仓储管理系统分析报告
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仓储管理系统分析报告 指导教师：王雪冰 专业：物流管理 班级：13级物流管理一班 小组成员：陈明玮李潇月周策 孟玫王天一田哲
目录 仓储管理系统分析报告 (3) 一、系统开发背景概述 (5) 1、开发背景 (5) 2、系统目标和开发的可行性 (5) 2.1目标概述 (5) 2.2主要功能 (6) 2.3可行性研究 (7) 3、组织结构分析 (7) 二、系统需求分析 (8) 1、现行系统运行状况 (8) 2、现行系统的数据与数据流程分析 (7) 2.1现行系统数据分析 (9) 2.2数据流程图 (10) 三、新系统的逻辑方案 (11) 1、新系统拟定的管理方法及管理制度 (11) 2、新系统拟定的业务流程 (12) 3、新系统拟定的数据与数据流程分析 (12) 4、系统拟定的管理模型 (14)
一、系统开发背景概述 1、开发背景 在市场经济的大环境下，越来越多的人士逐渐认识到用计算机技术进行各类管理，交流的便捷，库存数据库管理系统是一个为适应当前各个行业对库存信息管理的迫切需求而设计开发的软件，经济和科学技术发展加速，各个领域对于计算机和科学技术的运用要求也越来越高，各个企业的竞争归根结底就是技术和管理的竞争，他们为了争取获得利益最大化，必须拥有一套完善的管理系统来管理本企业，以适应时代潮流和发展的需要。作为一家规模较大且经营时间较长的公司，随着信息处理量的快速放大，工作量越来越多，这就要求企业各方面的工作更全面、先进、高效。纯办公软件无论从准确度还是及时性都已无法满足公司需要。因此开发一个界面友好，易于操作的较为完善的库存管理系统来管理货品，对整个公司的所有物资的管理和查询等自动化处理变得十分重要。 2、系统目标和开发的可行性 2.1目标概述 社会在不断进步，科学技术和管理也在迅速发展，这使得每个企业得到了前所未有的发展机遇，但同时也必须面对市场竞争的严重挑战，在日趋激烈的竞争环境下，企业要求生存、发展，就必须对企业进行科学的管理。而用计算机来处理企业内部信息间的流通和使用，既可以实现数据信息的共享，控制好数据的冗余度，并使企业有统一的管理，提高信息的利用率；又可以实现整体数据的结构化，表示大量数据相互间的多种联系，这样就可以大大的提高企业生产动作的效率。本次设计即是对商品在库存管理方面所做的分析，商品的大量出入仓库，使得每一个大型制造企业每年要花费的人力，投资，设施，费用去计划和控制存货，存货的周转率是标志着企业运营效率的重要指标，对企业的资产收益率起着重要的决定作用。所以近年来，企业管理者开始重视存货管理的重要性，存货管理主要是对商品的管理，