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CET4在线考试模拟系统的设计与实现

第一章绪论.............................................................................................................................. - 1 -1.1研究背景 (1)

1.2技术选择 (1)

1.3开发工具的选用及介绍 (1)

1.3.1 MyEclipse 简介................................................................................................................ - 1 - 1.3.2 Flash Builder4简介....................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.3.3 MYSQL简介.................................................................................................................. - 2 - 第二章系统可行性研究.......................................................................................................... - 3 -2.1技术可行性研究 (3)

2.2经济可行性研究 (3)

2.3操作可行性研究 (3)

第三章系统需求分析.............................................................................................................. - 4 -3.1系统工作流程 . (4)

3.2系统业务需求 (4)

3.3设计思想 (4)

3.4设计原则 (4)

3.5业务流程分析 (5)

3.6系统数据流分析 (6)

3.7性能需求 (8)

3.8运行需求 (8)

第四章系统设计...................................................................................................................... - 9 -4.1系统功能结构图 (9)

4.2系统功能设计 (9)

4.3系统流程图设计 (10)

4.4系统数据库设计 (13)

4.4.1 数据库ER图................................................................................................................. - 13 - 4.4.2 数据库表设计................................................................................................................ - 14 - 第五章系统实现.................................................................................................................. - 18 -5.1系统登录首页 (18)

5.2考试报名模块 (18)

5.3系统登录模块 (20)

5.4分数查询模块 (26)

结论.................................................................................................................................. - 27 -参考文献.................................................................................................................................. - 28 -致谢.................................................................................................................................. - 29 -附录.................................................................................................................................. - 30 -

铜陵学院毕业设计

第一章绪论

1.1 研究背景

网上考试在国外一些国家已经得到了蓬勃发展，人们选学课程和考试都是通过网上进行的。例如国外一些著名的考试，如Microsoft公司的MCSE(Microsoft系统工程师认证考试)、GMAT(工商管理硕士入学考试)、托福考试、GRE(美国研究生入学考试)等，都是采用网上考试的形式进行的。

现如今在我国英语等级考试成绩仍然是我国很多企业招聘的标准衡量，这也是我国广大学生求职的重磅筹码，故而英语四级考试可谓是遍及全国各高校的人员密集的考试，对于如此的大型考试使用现今的传统考试方式是非常的浪费人力，物力和财力的。目前许多的专业考试已逐步出现从笔试转为计算机网络考试的发展趋势。与传统的笔试相比，计算机在线考试系统有多方面的优势。首先，可以省去试卷印刷的费用，减轻教师阅卷的负担，节省了人力、物力、财力，加快考试进程。其次，可以充分发挥计算机在信息处理方面的优势，如建立海量的题库供将来使用、对试卷结果进行自动化统计分析从而提供有价值的信息等等。在我国，虽然远程教育已经蓬勃发展起来，但是目前学校与社会上的各种考试大都仍采用传统的考试方式。在此方式下，组织一次考试一般需要经过人工出题、考生考试、人工阅卷、成绩评估、试卷分析等五个步骤。随着考试题型的不断变化及要求的不断提高，教师的工作量将会越来越大，其工作方式十分繁琐，且容易出错。从这个角度出发，可以说传统的考试方式已经不再适应现代考试的需要，考试方式的变革势在必行。所以英语四级考试的在线考试方式也是势在必行的。

1.2 技术选择

本考试系统采用前台和后台分离式的开发，后台开发选取的是一种简单的，跨平台的面向对象的，分布式的，解释的，健壮的安全的，结构的中立的，可移植的，性能很优异的多线程的，动态的语言——JA V A语言。前台使用的是Flex框架,它是采用GUI界面开发，使用基于XML的MXML语言, 脱离传统B/S软件对美工的依赖，纯粹依靠开发人员来构建软件系统。应用hibernate框架技术实现数据持久化。使用BlazeDS访问数据持久化方案，实现前后台的连接。

1.3 开发工具的选用及介绍

1.3.1 MyEclipse 简介

MyEclipse企业级工作平台（MyEclipse Enterprise Workbench ，简称MyEclipse）是对Eclipse IDE的扩展，利用它我们可以在数据库和JavaEE的开发、发布，以及应用程序服务器的整合方面极大的提高工作效率。它是功能丰富的JavaEE集成开发环境，包括了完备的编码、调试、测试和发布功能，完整支持HTML, Struts, JSP, CSS, Javascript, SQL, Hibernate。使用户在开发代码，测试，以及部署应用方面都得到极大的便利。

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

1.3.2 Flash Builder4简介

FlashBuilder4是一款由Adobe公司开发的软件。它可以帮助软件开发人员使用开放源Flex框架快速开发跨平台富Internet 应用程序（RIA）和内容。它包含对智能编码、调试及可视设计的支持，提供功能强大的测试工具，这些工具可以提高开发速度并创建出性能更高的应用程序。

1.3.3 MYSQL简介

MySQL是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统，被广泛地应用在Internet上的中小型网站中。其自身特点为体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低，尤其是开放源码；使用C和C++编写，并使用了多种编译器进行测试，保证源代码的可移植性；支持AIX、FreeBSD、HP-UX、Linux、Mac OS、Novell Netware、OpenBSD、OS/2 Wrap、Solaris、Windows等多种操作系统；优化的SQL查询算法，有效地提高查询速度，可以处理拥有上千万条记录的大型数据库。

铜陵学院毕业设计

第二章系统可行性研究

2.1 技术可行性研究

本系统开发将要用到Java，Hibernate，Flex4，MySQL数据库技术。另外硬件只需要一台PC机，装有软件MyEclipse，Flash Builder4的开发工具，利用MySQL作为后台数据库，使用BlazeDS连接Java和Flex，利用Tomcat作为Web服务器，所以在这方面来说是可行的。在此系统开发前已经掌握了开发考试系统方法和开发工具，并且在经历过多次英语四级考试和调查过程中，已经了解和熟悉了在线考试系统的业务流程。综上所述，本系统开发从技术上是可行的。

2.2 经济可行性研究

从经济效益来分析，软件的开发成本不大，选用的工具都是开源的免费工具，而其它的投入也只是电脑。电脑的普及也带来了低成本投入。由于系统运行的基础环境均已具备，无需重新开发建设，所以系统开发、运行所需的费用是比较低的。而系统的效益很高可以提高管理效率实现计算机化、系统化、规范化操作，效率大于投入，可行性很高。

2.3 操作可行性研究

本考试模拟系统主要面向所有的高校学生，再者系统考试流程基本上参照纸质考试的流程而设计开发的。且本系统采用基于Windows的图形用户界面，而该系统是大家熟悉的操作系统，对于那些有一般的计算机知识的人员就可以轻松上手。而整个考试系统采用最友好的交互界面，简洁明了，不需要对数据库进行深入的了解。由此，该系统的操作是可行的。

综合以上三方面，该系统具有很高的开发可行性，无论是从技术上或者经济上还是操作上。因此，有必要开发该系统。

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

第三章系统需求分析

3.1 系统工作流程

打开本系统首页展现系统的三个模块分别为：考试报名，用户登录，分数查询。分别可以进行在线报名参加考试，用户登录可以以不同的角色登录进行不同的操作，考生可以在试卷修改完成后登录分数查询模块进行分数查询。

3.2 系统业务需求

(1) 考试报名模块，验证考生不能重复报名，考生报名成功后保存信息，并生成准考证号码供考生查分使用。报名信息必须真实，在成绩合格证上将显示报名信息。

(2) 用户登录需要身份的验证，需要有不同的角色，系统暂设角色为：考生，教师，管理员。不同角色的权限和操作各不相同。

考生需求：考生在进行考试前，能够了解考试注意事项，以便能成功进行考试。考生进行考试时，能明确考试所用时间，考试时间结束系统能自动交卷，并退出系统，考生不能再作答。考生的题目能随机生成，消除作弊现象。考试结束系统能自动统计考生的客观题部分。

教师需求：教师登录进入教师模块能看到有关自己的系统通告，教师功能能够添加试题，批改考生主观题试卷，修改完成系统将自动进行统分，并且能够对个人信息进行查看，修改。

管理员需求：能够对新增考题进行审核；随机生成听力试题；查看考生信息对考试信息进行删除操作；可查看教师信息，并且可添加，删除，修改教师信息，分配修改任务等操作；并且能对个人信息进行维护等。

(3) 分数查询，考生使用准考证号码登录查询个人考试分数。

3.3 设计思想

(1) 系统分成几个相对独立的模块，但这些模块都进行集中式管理。

(2) 分层的模块化程序设计思想，整个系统采用模块化结构设计。作为应用程序有较强的可操作性和扩展性。

(3) 合理的数据流设计，在应用系统设计中，相对独立的模块间以数据流相互连接，使各模块间的耦合性较低，方便系统运行，提高系统安全性。

(4) 系统仿照现今的纸质考试流程和模式进行数据库设计和系统设计，使用户在考试的过程中能操作方便简单。

3.4设计原则

为了使本系统功能齐全完备，操作简便，最大限度的提高软件的质量，从而满足用户

铜陵学院毕业设计

的实际需要，在设计开发过程中遵循了如下原则：

(1) 公平性原则：实现考题的随机性，不重复，一次考试不能多次参加，题量统一的原则实现。

(2) 实用性原则：适合产品信息管理工作的实际需求，并能够处理一些特殊情况的要求，此外，尽可能预留空间，以便扩充功能。

(3) 准确性原则：对输入的相关资料建立检错机制，及时报错，使用户能够及时准确的输入合法资料(如：类型匹配，长度不超限等)。

(3) 易操作原则：要求设计的系统功能齐全，界面友好，操作方便，必要的地方进行提示。

(5) 源程序可读性原则：为了便于其他设计，维护人员读懂代码或以后的代码修改，软件升级维护，即可能做好代码注释工作。

(6) 优化原则：为了达到优化的目的，合理的运用窗口，菜单，对象等的继承，自定义用户对象，事件，函数，减少不必要的重复性代码，使程序简介明了，也方便了将来的维护。

(7) 安全性原则：可以为该系统的用户设置用户权限。

3.5 业务流程分析

在线考试系统主要是以科学的计算机技术和先进的数据库管理技术来替代原始的纸质考试模式。在系统的开发前，本人对英语考试业务流程进行了较深刻的调查。

CET4考试模拟系统的主要业务分析：

（1）试卷生成业务

试卷生成是实现在线考试系统及其重要的一环，它关系到试卷的质量能否得到保证，考试是否能够胜利进行，能否保证考试的公平公正等问题。其业务的主要内容：题目的布局和纸质考试系统一样，但为了消除作弊现象，题目必须是随机的，这将需要数据库中有一个庞大的试题库，英语考试题中的听力是一复杂环节需要特殊处理，确保考题不重复，题量一致等等。

（2）试卷批改业务

试卷批改是衡量考生水平的一个至关重要的部分。为了有别于纸质考试的完全人力批改试卷的庞大工作量体现在线考试的优势，试卷批改必须实现计算机的自动批改试卷并进行统分的过程，对于试题的客观题部分，利用计算机自动统分，主观题因答案的多样性还有教师批改，大大减少人力物力，使用计算机的优势计算进行计算机统分，减少人脑统分出现的过失。

（3）用户管理业务

任何一个系统的价值都体现在存在用户的使用，那么用户的管理是极其重要的。其业务内容：用户存在不同的角色操作，不同角色的操作界面必须不同。管理员实现系统的统一管理，管理其他权限低的用户能对其实现增减等操作，审核其它用户的操作等。考生角色等实现考试报名和在线考试，查分等操作。

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

3.6 系统数据流分析

图3-1 系统数据流图

管理员

教师

考生

批改学生试卷试卷

用户管理

成绩查询

考题维护

考题审核

在线考试

个人信息维护

考生信息

修改试卷的指令

考卷信息

试卷信息

考生信息

成绩信息

在线报名

考生信息

试卷信息

用户信息

用户管理的请求

变更的用户

试卷的维护请求

审核的请求

考题信息

添加的考题

成绩信息

试卷信息

随机考题

铜陵学院毕业设计

图3-2 第2层在线考试数据流图

图3-3 第2层修改学生试卷数据流图

信息提交

读出试卷

评定主观题

客观题评定

考题信息

试卷信息

批改的请求

试卷提交

生成试卷

在线考试

客观题评定

考题信息

试卷信息

学生信息

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

图3-4 第2层用户管理数据流图

3.7 性能需求

(1) 数据精确度

试题的题目描述统一采用数据库Text 类型，不会出现字符数过多而溢出现象。 (2) 时间特性

该考试系统软件严格记录考试时间，考试过程要求顺畅，不发生滞留情况。达到考试规定时间实现试卷提交。系统从启动到进入系统登录界面的时间正常情况下应少于5秒，录入并更新数据的时间正常情况下少于2秒。

(3) 适用性

该管理系统软件适用于Windows 2000/xp 及以上操作系统。 3.8 运行需求

(1)用户界面

本系统采用Java+Flex 设计，用户交互界面采用的是基于Windows 的窗口的Adobe flash 界面。

(2)硬件接口

运行本系统的硬件基本要求如下： CPU ：Intel P3及以上；内存：256MB 及以上；硬盘：10GB 及以上。 (3)软件接口

JVM(Java 虚拟机) ，FLEX 框架。Adobe flash9及以上版本数据库服务器：MySQL 。

查看用户信息

添加用户信息

更改用户信息

用户信息用户信息

用户信息

铜陵学院毕业设计

第四章系统设计

4.1 系统功能结构图

系统总体结构如图所示：

图4-1 CET4在线考试模拟系统功能结构图

4.2 系统功能设计

本系统共包括三大模块，分别是考试报名模块，系统登录模块，分数查询模块。系统

CET4在线考试模拟系统

考试报名模块系统登录模块分数查询模块

考生登录教师登录

管理员登录

查询成绩信息

考试报名

在线考试

公告通知批改试卷增加试题

个人信息维护

考题审核生成听力

考生信息管理教师信息管理个人信息维护

随机抽题

客观题评分

总分统计分配任务修改教师

删除教师

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

登录有分为三个小模块分别为：考生登录，教师登录，管理员登录。每个模块的功能如下：

1，考试报名模块功能：实现考生的信息录入；报名成功生成准考证号。

2，系统登录模块

考生登录：查看考试注意事项，系统随机生成试题，考试时间统计，在线进行考试，试卷提交，系统自动评定客观题答卷，系统将客观题分数存入数据库。教师登录：

（1）查看系统公告通知,包括：修改试卷通知，试题审核情况。

（2）修改试卷,一览考生主观题，生成相应参考答案，提交评分系统将自动进行总分

统计。

（3）添加试题，实现考题的添加

（4）个人信息维护，查看个人信息，修改信息密码。

管理员登录：

（1）考题审核，对新增考题进行审核。

（2）生成听力，为各考点随机生成听力题，并进行保存，便于录入听音发放磁带。（3）教师信息维护，添加，删除，修改教师信息。（4）考试信息维护，删除，修改考生信息。

（5）个人信息维护，查看个人信息，修改信息密码。 4.3 系统流程图设计

图4-2 考试报名流程图

开始

输入个人信息

用户是否存在生成准考证

保存信息

结束

N Y

铜陵学院毕业设计

图4-3 考生考试流程图

图4-4 教师管理流程图

查看公告判断信息

批改试卷添加试卷修改密码

开始输入登录信息公告信息

提取考生答卷

主观题评定

保存信息添加试题继续添加结束

录入新信息

Y Y Y

开始

判断信息

查看考试主要事项

进入考试

随机生成试题

时间到

提交试卷

客观题评定

保存信息

结束

输入登录信息

开始考试

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

图4-5 管理员管理流程图

图4-6 查询成绩流程图

试卷审核

判断信息

考生管理教师管理个人信息管理

开始输入登录信息

审核操作

提取考生信息考生信息操作

保存信息提取教师信息

结束

录入新信息

Y Y

教师信息操作

生成听力

听力试题

开始

输入准考证信息

判断信息

成绩一览

结束

铜陵学院毕业设计4.4 系统数据库设计

4.4.1 数据库ER图

CET4在线考试系统数据库的ER图如下所示：

图4-7 数据库ER图

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

4.4.2 数据库表设计

本系统采用的数据库工具MySQL对数据库进行设计，其基本表的设计如下：(1) 管理员表（administrator）

表4-1 管理员信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

用户编号id int 10 P NOT NULL

用户名userName varchar 50 NOT NULL

密码password varchar 50 NOT NULL

角色编号roleId int 10 F NOT NULL (2) 考生表（student）

表4-2 考生信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

考生编号id int 10 P NOT NULL

姓名userName varchar 50 NOT NULL

密码password varchar 50 NOT NULL

考试次数testNum int 10 NOT NULL

准考证号码zhukaoId varchar 20 NOT NULL

身份证号码IdenId varchar 25 NOT NULL

考试开始时间testStartTime varchar 15 NULL 学校编号schoolId int 15 NOT NULL

角色编号roleId int 10 NOT NULL (3) 角色表（role）

表4-3 角色数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

角色编号roleId int 10 P/F NOT NULL

角色名roleName varchar 30 NOT NULL

(4) 主观答题表(noselanswer)

表4-4 主观答题数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

主观答题编号id int 10 P NOT NULL

考生编号StuID int 10 F NOT NULL

考生答案writer text 5000 NULL

参考答案CKwriter text 5000 NULL

铜陵学院毕业设计

（5）问题表1（question）

表4-5 问题表1信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

问题编号id int 10 P NOT NULL

问题question text 1000 NULL

选项A A varchar 200 NULL

选项B B varchar 200 NULL

选项C C varchar 200 NULL

选项D D varchar 200 NULL 题目描述编号questionRootID int 10 F NOT NULL 题目分数score int 4 NULL

问题答案Answer text 1000 NOTNULL 问题类型编号questionTypeId int 10 F NOT NULL （6）问题表2（question2）

表4-6 问题表2信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

问题编号id int 10 P NOT NULL 问题question text 1000 NULL

答案1 ans1 text 100 NULL

答案2 Ans2 text 100 NULL

答案3 Ans3 text 100 NULL

答案4 Ans4 text 100 NULL

答案5 Ans5 text 100 NULL

答案6 Ans6 text 100 NULL

答案7 Ans7 text 100 NULL

答案8 Ans8 text 100 NULL

答案9 Ans9 text 100 NULL

答案10 ans10 text 100 NULL

答案11 ans11 text 100 NULL

答案12 ans12 text 100 NULL

答案13 ans13 text 100 NULL

答案14 ans14 text 100 NULL

答案15 ans15 text 100 NULL

答案16 ans16 text 100 NULL

答案17 ans17 text 100 NULL

答案18 ans18 text 100 NULL

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

答案19 ans19 text 100 NULL

答案20 Ans20 text 100 NULL 题目描述编号questionRootID int 10 F NOT NULL

题目分数score int 4 NULL

问题类型编号questionTypeId int 10 F NOT NULL (7) 题目描述表（questionRoot）

表4-7 题目描述信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

题目描述编号id int 10 P NOT NULL 题目描述questionRoot longtext 5000 NULL

题型编号typeId Int 10 F NOT NULL

状态编号stateId Int 10 F NOT NULL

增加者编号addPeopleId int 10 F NOT NULL (8) 问题类型表（questionType）

表4-8 问题类型数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

问题类型编号id int 10 P/F NOT NULL 问题类型questionType varchar 20 NOT NULL (9) 学校表（school）

表4-9 学校信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

学校编号schoolid int 15 P/F NOT NULL

学校名schoolName varchar 50 NOT NULL

听力题listenTest text 5000 NULL

问题listenQues text 1000 NULL

答案listenAns text 1000 NULL （10）分数表（question）

表4-10 分数信息数据表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外

字段值约束

键

分数编号id int 10 P NOT NULL 考生编号StuId int 10 F NOTNULL 客观题分数ObjectiveQuestionScore int 10 NULL

主观题分数SubjectiveQuestionScore int 10 NULL 总分TotalScore int 10 NULL 可查分标识FindScoreFlag varchar 4 NOTNULL

铜陵学院毕业设计

(11) 审核状态表（state）

表4-11审核状态数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

状态编号id int 10 P/F NOT NULL

状态名stateName varchar 30 NOT NULL (12) 题型表（type）

表4-12 题型数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

题型编号id int 10 P/F NOT NULL 题型type varchar 50 NOT NULL (13) 题目知识点表（knowledgetip）

表4-13 知识点数据信息表

中文字段名英文字段名字段类型长度主键/外键字段值约束

知识点编号id int 10 P/F NOT NULL

知识点knowledgeTip varchar 50 NOT NULL

饶志其：CET4在线考试模拟系统设计与实现

第五章系统实现

在完成实现系统的架构方面，本系统采用hibernate框架进行数据的持久化处理，然后在bo层调用Dao层的数据处理，新建Server类直接作为bo层的业务处理，并将接口暴露给前台，在remoting-config.xml中进行配置将数据服务传至Flex进行数据调用。实现本系统。本系统的具体实现效果如下。

5.1系统登录首页

本页面是进入本系统的入口，它设置了三个链接：考试报名、系统登录和分数查询，分别作为进入系统的三个模块的入口，其窗体如图5-1所示：

图5-1 系统登录首页

5.2考试报名模块

单击首页的考试报名链接可进入考试报名页面，此页面用于输入个人详细信息进行注册报名，并且实现了返回首页的链接。其窗体页面如图5-2所示：

铜陵学院毕业设计

图5-2 系统报名登录登录

输入报名注册信息，系统将会处理验证输入信息，如：带‘*’号的为必输内容，两次输入密码必须一致，根据身份证号码判断是否重复报名等，输入信息验证成功后将会提示报名成功，并且根据所属考点学校代号生成唯一的准考证号码。报名成功窗体页面如图5-3所示：

图5-3 系统报名成功页面

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)

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大学英语四级试卷-英语四级考试模拟题及答7

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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite

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