一. 只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动
词
1. want to do sth. 想要做某事
I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.
我想今天下午买台新电脑。
2. would like to do sth.想要做某事
I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday.
我想邀请你这周六来我的聚会。
3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事
I wish to live on the moon one day.
我希望有一天在月球上生活。
4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事
I often help to do some chores at home.
我在家经常帮着做家务。
5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
I hope to have a good rest this weekend.
我希望这周末好好休息一下。
6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
He finally learned to play the piano with the hel p of the teacher.
在老师的帮助下，他最终学会了弹钢琴。
7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
They managed to escape the fire yesterday.
昨天他们设法逃脱了火灾。
8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
Never offer to teach fish to swim.
别在强人面前逞能。
9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
He plans to travel around the world.他计划要周游世界。
10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面）
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。
11. agree to do sth. 做某事
He agreed to do it at once.
他同意立刻行动。
12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事
I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning.
我安排好明天上午洗衣服。
13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事
The boy asks to go to school by bike.这个男孩要求骑自行车去上学。
14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事
He begged not to be put into prison.
他祈求不要被关进监狱。
15. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事
16. choose to do sth. 选择做某事
He chose to believe what she had said.
他选择相信她说的话。
17. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
She has decided to travel all over the world.
她已经决定周游世界了。
18. demand to do sth. 要求做某事
19. determine to do sth. 决心做某事
He determined to learn French.
他下定决心学习法语。
20. expect to do sth. 等待做某事
I am expecting to hear from you soon.
我期待着早点收到你的来信。
21. fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事
She fears to live on the mountain.
她害怕住在山上。
22. prepare to do sth. 预备做某事
They prepared to go hiking this Sunday.
他们准备周日去远足。
23. pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事
She pretended not to see me.
她假装没有看到我。
24. promise to do sth. 答应做某事
I have promised to give the children some book s. 我已经答应给孩子们一些书了。
25. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
She refused to buy a new cellphone for her boy.她拒绝给她儿子买新手机。
二. 只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动
词
1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事
I practice playing the piano twice a week.
我每周练习两次弹钢琴。
2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.我考虑放弃之前再等待一段时间。
3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
I enjoy playing basketball.
我喜欢打篮球。
4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事
Let's finish doing the work together.
让我们一起完成工作吧。
5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
My father has given up smoking.
我爸爸已经戒烟了。
6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
I can't imagine marrying such a woman.
我不能想象娶了这样一个女人。
7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事
I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday eve ning.
昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。
8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
Sometimes students put off doing their homewor k until the last minute.
有时学生们会拖延到最后一分钟才做作业。
9. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
To win the gamble,he risked losing 100 dollars.为了赢这场赌局,他冒了失去100美元的风险。
10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
I suggest traveling abroad next month.
我建议下个月出国旅行。
11. admit doing sth. 承认做某事
He admitted making the mistake.
他承认犯了错误。
12. advise doing sth. 建议做某事
He advises going to see a movie.
他建议去看电影。
13. allow doing sth. 允许做某事
We don't allow smoking in the classroom.
我们不允许在班里吸烟。
14. appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事
We shall appreciate hearing from you again.
我们恭候佳音。
15. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
Try to avoid drinking and smoking.
尽量避免喝酒和抽烟。
16. delay doing sth. 拖延做某事
Why have you delayed writing to him?
你为什么迟迟不给他写回信？17. deny doing sth. 否认做某事
John denied signing the contract.
约翰否认签了合同。
18. discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事
I like to discuss doing sports with my friends.
我喜欢和我朋友讨论体育运动。
19. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
He dislikes dancing in public.
他不喜欢在公众场合跳舞。
20. escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
He escaped being killed.
他没有被杀。
21. excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事
He can't excuse coming late for work.
他不能原谅上班迟到。
22. fancy doing sth. 想象/喜爱做某事
Are you fancy buying some food with me?
你愿不愿意和我一起去买点吃的?
23. forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
They forbid parking here.
他们禁止在这里停车。
24. mention doing sth. 提及做某事
He mentioned watching TV.
他提到了看电视。
25. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Would you mind opening window?
你介意开窗户吗？
26. miss doing sth. 错过做某事
The thief missed being caught yesterday.
那小偷昨天没能被抓住。
27. permit doing sth. 允许做某事
We do not permit smoking in the office.
在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。
28. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事
They prohibit smoking in public.
他们禁止在公共场合吸烟。
三. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但
含义完全不同的8个动词
1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）Remember to close the door,please.
记着关门.
I remember closing the door.
我记得关了门了.
2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了.
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了.
3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）
I regret to tell you that you can't pass the e xamination.
我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试．
I regret disturbing yo so long.
我很抱歉打扰了你那么久．
4. try to do sth. 努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
He tries to get the apple above the shelf. But he fails to reach it. After a while, Brown co mes in and try showing his ability.
他努力去够架子上的苹果，但是没能够到。过了一会儿，布朗近来尝试表现他的能力。
5. mean to do sth. 计划做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
I meant to go, but my father would not allow m e to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
Doing that means wasting time.
那样做意味着浪费时间。
6. can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
I can't help to do such stupid thing.
我不能帮着做这样愚蠢的事。
The movie is so funny. I can't help laughing!这部电影如此搞笑。我情不自禁地笑了。7. go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
He went on doing his homework in his room afte r supper.
晚饭后他继续在自己的房间里做家庭作业。
After finishing his homework,he went on to rea d the text.
写完家庭作业后,他又继续读课文。
8. stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情
The two girls stopped talking when they saw me.那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。
The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.
这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲话。
四. 接不定式作宾补的35个常用动
词
1. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
3. ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事
4. bear sb. to do sth. 忍耐某人做某事
5. beg sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事
6. cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
7. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
8. drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事
9. elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事
10. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事
11. expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
12. forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
13. force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
14. get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事
15. hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌/厌恶某人做某事
16. help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
17. intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
18. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
19. leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
20. like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
21. mean sb. to do sth. 计划要某人做某事
22. need sb. to do sth. 需求某人做某事
23. order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
24. permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
25. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
26. prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
27. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
28. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
29. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
30. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉/让某人做某事
31. train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事
32. trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
33. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
34. warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
35. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
五. 可接动词原形做宾补的11个动
词
1. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the hous e yesterday.
昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。
2. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事I watched the thief steal money from others' p ockets.
我看到这个小偷从别人的口袋里偷了钱。
3. notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事
I noticed him leave the room.
我注意到他离开了房间。
4. observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事
He has observed the girl come into the house.他观察到女孩进了屋。
5. look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做了某事
I looked at him do his homework just now.
刚才，我看着他做了他的作业。
6. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事
I heard him sing an English song half an hour ago.半个小时前，我听到他唱了一首英文歌曲。
7. listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做了某事
I listened to him read the passage aloud in En glish yesterday.
昨天，我听着他用英语朗读了这段话。
8. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
I made the students elect a monitor.
我让学生们推选一位班长。
9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Let me help you wash your clothes.
让我帮你洗衣服吧。
10. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
My mom haves me do some housework every weeken
d. 我妈妈每周末让我做一些家务。
11. feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做了某事
I felt the rain drop on the roof last night.
昨晚我感觉到雨点打在了屋顶上。
注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
see sb./sth. done 看到某人/某物被......
I see him make the phone call.
我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了）I see him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.）We often see him surrounde d by much work.我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.
必备句型，1 as…as 和……一样
中间必须用形容词或副词原级。例如：This classroom is as big as that one. 这间教室和那间一样大。
He runs as fast as Tom. 他和汤姆跑的一样快。
否定结构：not as/so…as,“不如……”。上面的两个句子可分别改为：This classroom is not as/so large as that one. 这间教室不如那间大。
He doesn’t run as/so fast as Tom.
他跑得不如汤姆快。
2 as soon as 一……就……
用来引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例如：I’ll tell him the plan as soon as I see him. 我一看到他就告诉他这个计划。
He’ll go home as soon as he finishes his work. 他一完成工作就回家。
3be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth. 忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完成做某事
在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等词语后，一般用动词-ing形式作宾语。例如：
Lin Tao is busy making a model plane. 林涛正忙着做飞机模型。
My mother enjoys taking a walk after supper. 我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。
I hate watching Channel Five. 我讨厌看五频道。
When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working. 当有人让他休息一会儿时，他仍继续工作。
I have finished writing the story.
我已经写完了故事。
4fill…with 用……装满......;be filled with 充满了……;be full of 充满了......
①be filled with 说明由外界事物造成的
此种状态，表示被动。例如The box is filled with food. 盒子里装满了食物。
②be full of说明主语处于的状态。此外，还可表示程度，意为“非常”。例如：The patient’s room is full of flowers. 那个病人的房间摆满了花。
The young man is full of pride. 那个年轻人非常骄傲。
③这两种结构还可以相互改写。例如：I fill the box with food. The box is full of food.
5 be good/bad for 有利于/有害于……
此句型是：be+adj.+for+n.结构。例如：Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你的健康有益。
Always playing computer games is bad for your study. 总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不利。
6 be used to(doing) sth. 习惯于……
后必须接名词或动名词，可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态。be 可用get,become来代替。例如：He is used to life in the country.(He is used to living in the country.) 他习惯于乡村生活。
He will get used to getting up early.
他将会习惯于早起。
注意：be used to do 的意思是“被用来做……”。例如：Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
7 both…and…两者都……
用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时，其后谓语动词用复数。例如：Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow. 不论老师还
是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。
8 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事help在此的意思是“抑制,忍住”，其后接动词-ing形式。例如：His joke is too funny. We can’t help laughing. 他的笑话太有
趣了，我们禁不止笑了起来
9 sth. costs sb. some money 某物花费
某人多少钱此句型的主语是物。cost一词带的是双宾语，它的过去式、过去分词和原型一样。
This book cost me five yuan. 这本书花了我五元钱。
10 either…or…不是……就是……,或者……或者……
用来连接两个并列成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致。You may either stay here or go home. 你可
以呆在这儿，也可以回家。
Either she or I am right. = Either I or she is right. 不是她对就是我对。
11 enough (for sb.) to do sth. 足够……做……
在此结构中,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：The ice isn’t thick enough for you to walk on. 这冰还没有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。
12 feel like doing sth. 想要做……
此处like为介词，后面跟动词-ing形式。此句型与would like to do sth.同义。例如：
I feel like drinking a cup of milk. 我想喝一杯牛奶。
13 feel/find/think it adj./n. to do sth. 认为某事……
在此结构中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语。例如：I find it very interesting to play football. 我发现踢足球很有趣。
She thinks it her duty to help us. 她认为帮助我们是她的职责。
14 get ready for sth./ to do sth.
get ready for sth.意为“为某事做准备”;get ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”例如：We are getting ready for the meeting. 我们正在为会议做准备。
They were getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment. 他们那时正准备开运动会。
15 get/receive/have a letter from 收到……的来信
相当于hear from 例如：
Did you receive a letter from John?
你收到约翰的来信了吗?
I got a letter from my brother yesterday. 我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。
16 had better (not) do sth. 最好(别)做某事
had better为情态动词，其后需用动词原形。had better常用缩写，变成’d better，其否定形式是在其后直接加not。例如：We had better go now. = We’d better go now. 我们最好现在走吧。
You’d better not go out because it is windy.
今天刮风，你最好别出去了。
17 have sth. done 使(某事)完成(动作由别人完成)
sth.为宾语，done为过去分词作补语。例如：We had the machine repaired.
我们请人把机器修好了。
注意区分：We have repaired the machine. 我们(自己)已经修好了机器。
18 help sb. (to) do sth./with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事
其中的to可以省略。例如：I often help my mother with housework.
我常常帮助妈妈做家务。
Would you please help me (to) look up these words?
请你帮助我查查这些词好吗?
19 How do you like……? 你认为……怎么样?
与what do you think of …?同义。例如：How do you like the weather in Beijing?你
认为北京的天气怎么样? 你觉得这部新电影如何?
20 I don’t think/believe that…我认我/相信……不……
其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如：I don’t think it will rain.
我认为天不会下雨。
I don’t believe the girl will come.
我相信那女孩不会来了。
21 It happens that…碰巧……
相当于happen to do。例如：
It happened that I heard their secret.
可改写为：I happened to hear their secret.
我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。
22 It’s/has been +一段时间+since从句自从某时起做某件事情已经一段时间了
该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如：
It’s twenty years since he came here.
他来这里已经20年了。
It has been six years since he married Mary.
他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。
23 It is +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说……
It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do sth。例如：
It’s not easy for us to study English well.
对我们来说学好英语并不容易。
It’s a good idea for us to travel to the south.
去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。
24 It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语, 当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时，常用介词of,而不用for。例如：
It’s very polite of you to give your seat to old people.
你给老人让座，非常有礼貌。
25 It seems/appears (to sb) that…(在某人看来)好像……
此句中的it是主语，that引导的是表语从句。例如：
It seems that he is lying. 看样子他好像是在撒谎。
It appears to me that he never smiles. 在我看来，他从来没有笑过。
26 It is +数词+metres/kilometers
long/wide………是多少米(公里)长(宽)
用来表示物体的长(宽,高)，如数词大于一，名词要用复数。例如：
It is 20 metres long from this end to that end. 从这端到那端有二十米长。
27 It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人干某事的时候了
it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth. 例如：
It’s time for the child to go to bed.
孩子该睡觉了。
比较下面两种结构：
①It’s time for + n. 例如：
It’s time for school.
②It’s time to do sth. 例如：
It’s time to go to school.
28 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事
it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。例如：
It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.
从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。
It took the old man three days to finish the work.
那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。
29 keep (on) doing sth. 一直坚持做某事
keep doing sth.一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth.意为“继续不停地做某事”，一般用于动态动词，但二者的区别并不是很严格，有时可以互换。例如：
Don’t keep on doing such foolish things.
不要再做这样的傻事了。
He kept sitting there all day.
他整天坐在那里。
30 keep…from doing sth. 阻止......做某事
相当于stop…from doing sth., prevent…from doing sth. 在主动句中，stop和prevent 后面的from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from 不可以省略。例如：
Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.
请别让孩子到海里游泳。
The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.
屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业
中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone (里程碑) in space research. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 became the first lunar probe (月球探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon. The Earth's gravity (重力) slows the moon's rotation (自转), matching it to the speed of its orbit (公转). Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost "dark" and has never been seen. It's this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar (太阳的) winds, the far side may have the special minerals (矿物质). For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future. However, research of the "dark" side isn't easy. As the far side is blocked(阻断) off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China's relay satellite (中继卫星) Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved. Power supply (电源供应) is also a challenge to the task. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length (长度) of 28 Earth days. After Chang'e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels. Luckily, everything goes well, Chang'e-4 has worked on the "dark" side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scientific experiments. The New York Times used the word "groundbreaking" to praise the task and wrote that "it will offer help to the history and development of the moon". （1）When was Chang'e-4 sent up? A. In May, 2018. B. On December 8, 2018. C. On January 3, 2019.
中考初中英语知识点总结 一般现在时：常与always,often,sometimes, every day连用，表示习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。提醒你当第三人称单数做主语时，别忘了动词的变化。注意：象"地球大，月亮小"等客观真理、事实一定用一般现在时。 现在进行时：要注意其构成：由be+动词+ing,表示说话时正在进行的动作。如：We're studying now. 我们现在正在学习。 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与y esterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示过去时间的状语连用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同学一见到often 就想到用一般现在时，其实因为后面有表示过去时间的 last summer,所以要用过去式，千万别误用了，切记，切记。 过去进行时：显然过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做什么，常和特定的时间状语如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等连用。如： When he knocked at the door,his moth er was cooking. 一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来时间状语如 next year,tomorrow等连用。注意：在Will you ....问句中，
回答必须是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I sh an't.来回答过去将来时：过去将来时不可以单独使用，它一般在宾语从句中作间接引语，表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong. 现在完成时：顾名思义，现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作，但动作造成的影响还在，常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。如：He ha s already gone to Tianjin. 对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或si nce等表示一段时间的状语。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，我们常用"过"来表示，常带有twic e, once, ever, never等时间状语。如：I've never seen that film. 过去完成时：我们可以用"过去的过去"来概括过去完成时，表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，通常与by,before等构成的短语或when, before, after引导的从句连用。也可表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for或since构成的时间状语连用。用法和现在完成时大致相同，只不过又向前推了一个时态。 现在完成时用法解析 1.构成
第一篇词法 一、名词 (一) 知识概要 名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念，而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。我们不妨把它分为两大类：专有名词与普通名词。顾名思义，专有名词是指：个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，the Great Wall，America…它们是不能随意变动的。而普通名词中则包括个体名词，如pen, worker…它表示单一的个体人或事物；集体名词，如：family,class，team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体；物质名词，如：water,paper…它表示的是一种物质，原材料；而后一种是抽象名词，如:work, time…它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到，但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。见下表。 名词一览表 种类 专有名词 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普通名词类名词nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主语My family is now in New York. 表语His father is a scientist. 宾语We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语He made London the base for his work. 定语The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如：English,air,water,cotton,work…可数名词是可以用数 第 1 页共218 页 嘉兴英语网https://www.doczj.com/doc/e19706791.html,收集整理
中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案) 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Children love to play and laugh throughout their days at school or at home. Finding the time to laugh with your children may be the best thing you can do for the relationship. Encourage your children to develop a good humor by laughing at the jokes they make up on the spot. This will help them grow confident and build their self-esteem. If you do not get the joke, you can ask why they think the joke is funny. Honest feedback will help your children develop funnier jokes. You can take them to your local library and have them pick up a few joke books. Then you can head back home or out to the park and read it together for a good laugh. You can take turns reading jokes to each other from the book or make up a few yourselves. But if they make a joke at the expense of another person, you may want to discuss the difference between making fun of yourself and making fun of others. In turn , try not to make jokes at your children’s expense, you need to set an exampl e that they can follow. Learning to laugh at oneself is a great quality to attain. You can set an example by laughing at your own mistakes. This is a great way to help reduce your own stress as well as your children’s. Laughing may make the situation seem lighter and easier to work through. By doing this, your children will be better prepared to handle any difficulties. Most importantly, laughing will bring you closer together as a family. You can have your family find different ways to laugh. You can play games. You can start a staring contest, arm wrestling contest, thumb wars contest and have a prize for the winners. You can all watch your best funny movies and act out the best parts together after the movies are over. You could hold a contest to see who can make the other members of the family laugh more by doing something funny. Kids will be able to enjoy the good time they had with their parents. The family that laughs together stays together! （1）If you often play and laugh with your children, you can ________. A. develop a good humor B. become proud and confident C. make up some funny jokes D. get along well with each other （2）The underlined word “them” refers to ________. A. funny jokes B. interesting books C. your children D. the family （3）We can infer that when your children make mistakes you should ________. A. teach them to laugh at the mistakes B. blame them seriously C. punish them at once D. tell them to do better in future （4）The author advises in Para.4 that people make their family members laugh by ________. A. having a party B. having some kinds of contests C. doing some housework D. reading joke books （5）What can be the best title for the text? A. The More You laugh, the B etter You’ll Be B. Laughing Every Day Is Simple C. How to Laugh in Everyday Life D. Laughter Is Good for Your Family
第一册词组(共26个) 1．in English 用英语 2．how many 多少 3．a piece of bread 一片而包 4．four cups of tea 四杯茶 5．a pair of shoes 一双鞋 6．play chess 下棋 7．run after 追逐 8．play football 踢足球 9．be good at 擅长 10．on the basketabll team 在篮球队 11．scoot at the basket 投篮 12．the first us 第一班车 13．at eight 在八点 14．hurry up 快点 15．a quarter past ten 十点一刻 16．five to eleven 差五分十一点 17．the next train 下一趟火车 18．on Monday 在周一 19．a ticket for Shanghai 一张飞往上海的 机票
20．at home 在家 21．a good idea 好主意 22．go skating 去xx 23．in the afternoon 在下午 24．in winter 在冬季 25．make a snowman 堆雪人 26. put on穿上，戴上 第二册词组(共84个) 1．in Class One，Grade One 在一年级一班2．play ball games 进行球类活动3．read books 读书 4．in summer 在夏季 5．have one's class 上课 6．on the playground 在操场上7．every day 每天 8．the first class 第一节课 9．be interested in 对…感兴趣 10．his friend 他的朋友 11．go to the zoo 去动物园 12．collet stamps 集邮 17．Chinese food 中国食物
最新初中英语中考完形填空、阅读理解试题及答案 It was his summer holidays. Kevin was free to do anything he wanted to do. However, his cousin Max came to be with him one day. Max was a naughty boy, he thought the next week would be his worst holidays. One day Kevin was reading the newspaper One piece of interesting news caught his attention. He read it aloud “The world famous philatelist Dick Brown’s stamps have been stolen last week in his town.” Kevin had a nice stamp collection and it was with his friend Allan. He decided to get his stamp album back as he felt it would be safer. But Kevin couldn’t go because his mother’s friend was coming over and his mother wanted him to be at home during her friend’s visit. Kevin decided to send Max to get his album. Kevin gave Max the address of Allan’s and Max set off. When Max came back, Kevin found that it was not his album. It had many valuable stamps. Actually Max had gone to another house by mistake. He had knocked on the door but no one opened. He went in when he found the door unlocked. Then he found an album like Kevin’s , so brought it. Kevin thought it might be the stolen album. He telephoned the police and told that he had found a valuable album. A week had passed, Kevin and Max got reward for finding Dick Brown’s album. “I will never be angry at Max,” Kevin thought. ( )1. A. busy B. free C. sad D. boring ( )2. A. last B. first C. next D. second ( )3. A. writing B. reading C. cutting D. opening ( )4. A. bought B. sold C. got D. stolen ( )5. A. friend B. brother C. sister D. uncle ( )6. A. more dangerous B. more expensive C. safer D. cheaper ( )7. A. because B. while C. before D. after ( )8. A. her B. my C. our D. his ( )9. A. address B. telephone C. name D. map ( )10. A. up B. back C. down D. to ( )11. A. closed B. opened C. lcoked D. broke ( )12. A. so B. and C. but D. or ( )13. A. teachers B. businessmen C. police D. doctors ( )14. A. finding B. giving C. selling D. making ( )15. A. always B. often C. usually D. never BCBDA CADAB BACAD John Grisham is one of the most popular American authors writing today. There are over 60 million copies of his books worldwide. All of his books have been bestsellers. Since 1991, he has written one book a year. Six books, including The Client,have been made into films. His most recent book, T h e Brethren, was published in 2000. Grisham was born in Arkansas in 1955. As a child he wanted to be a professional baseball player. Later he changed his mind and studied accounting at Mississippi State University. In 1981, he qualified as a lawyer. He worked in a law firm for nearly ten years. He sat as a Democrat in the
中考英语语法总结 一、祈使句结构 1 祈使句结构 祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。 1）祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。 Take this seat. Do be careful. 否定结构： Don't move. Don't be late. 2）第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句 a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we = Shall we have another try b. Let us 不包括说话者 Let us have another try，will you / won't you = Will you please let us have another try
否定结构： Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter. 二、感叹句结构 感叹句结构 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。 what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： 掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。 How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序 How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序 What +名词+ 陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序 How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is!
初中中考英语知识点考点总结 一．修饰比较级时常见的错误 1. more不可修饰比较级，但much可以用来加强比较级，意为"……的多，更……" He looks more younger than I. (×) He looks much younger than I. (√ ) 2. 比较的对象或范围出现错误。 1）The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. (×) （比较的对象应该是上海的天气，而不是上海） The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. (√) 2）China is larger than any country in Asia. (×)（出现了逻辑上的错误: 中国就是亚洲国家，应当排除在外。） China is larger than any country in Africa. (√)中国比非洲的任何国家都大。 China is larger than any other country in Asia. (√)中国比亚洲的任何（其他的）国家都大。 特别提示 Than后面接代词时，一般要用主格，但在口语中也可使用宾格。如果than后是一个句子，则不可使用宾格。 He works harder than me. He works harder than I do. 二．形容词的比较级 用于两者比较，表示"比…更…"：
"A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+ B，e.g. I am two years older than my little sister. "A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+ B：e.g. She gets to school earlier than the other students. "比较级+and+比较级"，这种结构表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意为"越来越…"。 eg. In spring the days are getting longer and longer. "the+比较级…the+比较级"，表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度的增长而增长，表示"越…，越…"。 eg. The mort you practice using English，the better you'll learn it 你英语练得越多，就会学得越好。 "A十动词十the+比较级+of短语（比较范围）"，这种结构表示"两者中更……的那一个"。当比较双方只出现一方（没有than及其后面的部分），且句中含有of the two……时，比较级前要加the. eg. Penny is the taller of the two girls. The larger of the two houses belongs to Mr. Black. 表示两者程度不同的其他方式 可用more than(多于……)， not more than(不多于……)， less than(少于……)， not less than(不少于……)， less+形容词+ than(不如……)等。We haven't got more than one hour left right now. It is less cold today than it was yesterday. "not+比较级 +than"与"no+比较级+than" 这两个结构表达的意思完全不同： 前者往往表示"一方不比另一方……"，后者往往表示"前者和后者一样都不…"；
初中英语中考七个高频考点语法知识梳理 一、介词by的用法 。 1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近” Some are singing and dancing under a big tree。Some are drawing by the lake。 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2、意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time。 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term？ 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？ 、“乘坐” 、“通过” 、“凭借” 、“用” 3、表示方法、手段，可译作“靠” 等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing。 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph。 孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁
路电报来传达信息。 4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark。 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch？ 你的表几点了？ 6、和take ，hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一 部分。 I took him by the hand。 我拉住了他的手。 7、用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。 English is spoken by many people。 英语被许多人说。（即“许多人讲英语。”） 二、动名词doing 动名词相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 1、作主语 Fighting broke out between the South and the North。 南方与北方开战了。 2、作宾语 Would you mind turning down your radio a little，
人教部编版初中英语中考常见同音词汇总 一、字母的同音词： B：be（是）bee（蜜蜂） C：see（看见）sea（大海） I：I（我）eye（眼睛） O：oh（哦） P：pea（豌豆） R：are（是） T：tea（茶） U：you（你） Y：why（为什么） 二、单词的同音词： 1.aunt(姑；姨；婶)——aren't(不是) 2.altar（祭坛）——alter（改变） 3.buy(买)——bye(再见)——by(被；由) 4.boy（男孩）——buoy（浮标） 5.blue(蓝色的)——blew(吹，blow的过去式) 6.bear（熊）——bare（赤裸的） 7.break（打破）——brake（闸，刹车） 8.China(中国)——china(瓷器) 9.die（死）——dye（染）
10.dear(亲爱的；贵的)——deer(鹿) 11.fare（车费）——fair（公正） 12.father(父亲)——farther(较远，far的比较级) 13.flee（逃走）——flea（跳蚤） 14.flower(花)——flour（面粉） 15.for(为……)——four(四) 16.hear(听见)——here(这里) 17.green(绿色的)——Green(格林) 18.hair(头发)——hare(野兔) 19.heal（治愈）——heel（脚后跟） 20.hi(嗨；喂)——high(高的) 21.hire（租）——higher（更高） 22.hour(小时)——our(我们的) hours(我们的)——ours(小时) 23.mail（邮件）——male（男性，公的） 24.meat(肉)——meet(遇见) 25.Miss(小姐)——miss(想念；错过) 26.may(可以)——May（五月） 27.new(新的)——knew(知道，know的过去式) 28.naval(海军的)——navel（肚脐眼） 29.night（夜晚）——knight（骑士，武士） 30.no(不；没有)——know(知道)
初中英语中考考点大汇总 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest 名胜 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with 同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候补：at least 至少 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
初中英语知识归纳总结大全 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体 或抽象概念的名称。如：teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。（运用）如：China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。（专有名词的第一个字母要大写） 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单复数之分。如：glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数) The lights are on.(light：灯，可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如：a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper------two pieces of paper a bag of rice------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用） 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则变化 情况变化形式例词 1 / 68
人教版英语中考分册复习知识点 Unit 1-Unit 2 重点句型 1. —My name’s Jenny. —I’m Gina. Nice to meet you. 2. —What’s your/his/her name? —My/His/Her name is … . 3. What’s your/his/her family/first name? 4. —What’s your telephone number? —It’s 218-9176. 5. What’s his/ her telephone number? 6. —What’s this/that in English? —It’s a ruler. 7. —Is this/that your pencil? —Yes, it is./No, it isn’t. 8. How do you spell pencil?/Spell pencil./Can you spell pencil? 9. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 10. Call Alan at 495-3539. 重点语法 be在一般现在时中的基本用法：I用am, you用are，is跟着他她它。He ,she ,it用is，we, you they都用are。单数名词用is，复数名词都用are。 be的几种形式：is, am, are —being —was, were —been 主谓一致： 主谓一致的15种常考情况： 1．表示时间，重量，数目，价格，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，尽管他们是复数形式，但如果把这些复数形式的词或短语看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough. 2．动词不定式，动名词，从句或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language. 3．由and连接两个成分作主语时，要根据其表示的意义来决定谓语动词的形式。如果其表示的是一个整体的概念或指的是同一事物，谓语动词用单数，如果其表示的是两个不同的对象时，谓语动词用复数。 The writer and the teacher are coming. The poet and teacher is one of my friends. 4．集合名词people，police一般看作复数意义，其谓语动词用复数。另外一些集合名词family，enemy，class，army等作主 语时，谓语动词是用单数还是复数，要根据这些词在句中的实际 含义而定。当他们表示的是整体意义时，谓语用单数；当他们强 调个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。 In England, people eat fish and chips. The Chinese people（民族）is a great people. 5．名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs 等作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于该代词所表示的意义是单数还 是复数。 His parents are young, but mine are old. 6．以s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词通常用单 数形式，如news，physics，politics，maths等。 No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him. 7．由or，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also… 等词连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数和最接近的主语一 致。 Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before. 8．以there，here开头的句子，若主语不止一个，其谓语动词 的形式和邻近的那个主语一致。 There is a table and four chairs in the room. Here are some books and paper for you. 9．trousers，clothes，glasses，compasses，chopsticks等 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果前面有a pair of短语时，谓 语动词用单数。 Jim’s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green’s. 10．由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词”或“分数+名词”作主语 时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数而定。 A lot of people have been to London. Three-fifths of the water is dirty. 11．“a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 A great number of birds fly to the south in winter. The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are. 12．代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody， nobody，each，neither，either，little，much，one等作主 语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Neither of us is a boy。 Each of them has an English dictionary。 One of the students was late for school。 13．All，some none，most，any等代词作主语时，若其指复数 概念，谓语动词用复数形式；若其指单数形式，则谓语动词用 单数形式。 Not all work is difficult。 Not all the students are here。 14．有些形容词前面加上定冠词the，如the poor，the old，the yong，the rich，the dying等用来表示一类人时，主语为复数 意义，谓语动词用复数。 The old are good taken care of。 15．Many a意为“许多”，但因后面跟的是单数名词，谓语动词应 用单数形式。 Many a student has passed the exam。 练习： 1．The news for my brother。 A. are B. were C. be D. is 2．A boy with two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city。 A. were sleeping B. is asleep C. was sleeping D. are asleep 3．Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began。 A. are B. is C. was D. were 4．Neither he nor I from Canada。We are from Australia 。 A. is B. are C. am D. be 5．Jim works hard on his Chinese and 。 A. so Lucy does B. so is Lucy C. so does Lucy D. so Lucy is 6．Jenny and her parents going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow。. A. is B. am C. are D. be 7．Henry，with his friends，volleyball every afternoon。 A. play B. plays C. has played D. have played 8．Fish and chips the most take—away food in England。 A. are B. is C. were D. was 9．My family early in the morning。 A. get B. gets C. has got D. have got 10．Maths my favorite subject。 A. be B. is C. am D. are