虚拟语气
英语有两种语气——陈述语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气表示事实上发生的事情或客观存在的情况。虚拟语气表示假定、想象、愿望等非事实观念。
Ⅰ.虚拟语气在条件句中主要有以下几种情况。
(1).表达与现在的事实相反的假设或想象：
条件从句主句
If + 主语+ 过去式，主语+ should/would + 动词原形
If + 主语+ were，主语+ would/should + 动词原形
(其中，should用于第一人称，would可用于各个人称。)
If I had enough money, I should/would buy a camera.
If I were rich, I would help the poor.
(2).表达与过去事实相反的假设或想象：
条件从句主句
If + 主语+ had + 过去分词，主语+ should/would have + 过去分词
If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car.
（= I didn’t have enough money, so I didn’t buy it.）
If it had not rained yesterday, we should have gone fishing.
(3)表达与将来事实相反的假设或想象，有三种形式：
①条件从句主句
If +主语+ should + 动词原形，主语+ should/would + 动词原形
(表示可能性极小“万一”)
If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go.
注意：if从句的动词形式不分人称与数，一律用“should+动词原形”
②条件从句主句
If +主语+ were to + 动词原形，主语+ should/would +动词原形
If I were to go abroad, I would go to America. 倘若我要出国，我就到美国。
③条件从句主句
If +主语+动词过去式，主语+ should/would +动词原形
If he went to the party, he would be disappointed.
(4)在条件状语从句中，常会出现主句所表示的行为所发生的时间与从句表示的行为的时间不一致，叫做错综时间虚拟条件句，即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致。如从句指过去，而主句却指现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作出相应的调整。
If you had gone to bed early last night, you would not be so sleepy now.
If I were you, I wouldn’t have gone to the party last night.
(5) 假设情况不用if从句来表示，而是用without, but for, otherwise, or, but等表示一种含蓄条件。
表示与现在或将来相反，用“would (should, could, might)+动词原形”；表示与过去相反用“would (sho uld, could, might)+have+过去分词”
I knew my uncle did have no time. Otherwise he would have kept me company to go hiking.
例1：We ______ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. (2011·江西卷28)
A. will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
例2: I ______ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011·陕西卷22)
A. couldn't have gone
B. didn't go
C. wouldn't go
D. hadn't gone
(5)条件从句if的省略：
当从句中有were，过去分词had, 或should时，if经常省略。此时，主语后面的主动词（were，had，should等）被移至句首。
Were I a bird, I would fly to you.
= If I were a bird, I would fly to you,
Should it rain tomorrow, I would not go there.
= If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go there.
例:______ in your position, I would go.
A. If I
B. Were I
C. If was I
D. If I am
Ⅱ用在从句中的虚拟语气
⒈宾语从句中的应用
（1）wish后的宾语从句：
表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；
表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时；
表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的主观愿望，常用“would (could)+动词原形”。
I wish I knew the answer to the question..
I wished I hadn’t spent so much money.
I wish it would stop raining.
I wish you would come soon.
例：—Where are the children?
—I wish they ______ always late. (2011·北京卷28)
A. weren't
B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be
D. wouldn't have been
(2) 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。
I demand that he (should) answer me immediately.
The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.
【注意】
(1)suggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气.
His pale face suggested that he was in poor health.
(2)insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
2. 主语从句中的应用
It is+形容词/ 名词/ 过去分词+ that引导的主语从句，主语从句中谓语动词常用“should + 动词原形”。
常用形容词有：necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等常用名词有：duty, pity, regret, no wonder, shame等。
常用过去分词有：demanded, suggested, required, requested, ordered, decided等
It is suggested that pupils (should) wear school uniforms.
It is important that everyone (should) inform themselves of these rules.
It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer
3.表语从句中的应用
上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词构成表语从句，要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”.常用名词形式有：advice, decision, demand, proposal, request, order, suggestion等。His suggestion was that the meeting (should) be put off.
Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气
1. 在It's (high/about) time “该干某事了” 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式.
It is high time that you went to school.
2. 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）
表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；
表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；
表示将来的可能性不大，用“would (could)+动词原形”
He felt as if he were responsible for what had happened.
He treats me as if I were a stranger.
Even if she had been ill, she would have gone to her office.
3.if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气
表示与现在或未来事情相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式或would/should+动词原形
表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去完成式。
Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I had followed your advice.
If only I had not been busy last week.
4. would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚
拟语气。
表示与现在或未来事情相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式.
表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去完成式.
I would rather he went right now.
补充：“情态动词+have done”的用法
must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测。
can't / couldn't have done表示对过去所发生的事情所做的否定推测。
may have done表示过去所发生的事情作可能性推测。
might / could have done表示对过去所发生的事情作可能性推测，或者表示本来可以做而事实上未做的事情。
should / ought to have done表示本应该做的事情而事实上未做，含有对对方的责备。
needn't have done表示做了本不应该做的事情。
例1：They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. (2011·新课标卷32)
A. will
B. can
C. must
D. should
例2：— I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
— How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. (2011·江苏卷34)
A. will have stolen
B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen
D. must have stolen
语法专项练习：
1. But for the help of John, he _____ last night.
A. should have drowned
B. would have drowned
C. was drowned
D. may have drowned
2. If it _____ fine tomorrow, we would go for a swim in the sea.
A. would be
B. should be
C. is
D. was to
3. He suffered a sudden heart attack and her wife found him dead when she got home from work. But
_____.
A. if his wife came back earlier, he might be saved
B. if his wife had come back earlier, he might be saved
C. if his wife came back earlier, he might have been saved
D. if his wife had come back earlier, he might have been saved
4. I would rather she _____ tomorrow than by plane.
A. travel on train
B. traveled by train
C. travels by train
D. travelling by the train
5. How old would you _____ if you _____ in 1900?
A. be; had been born
B. be; would be born
C. have been; would be born
D. have been; were
6. _____ the sun, nothing on earth could live.
A. Were it not to
B. If it were not to
C. If it had not been for
D. If it were not for
7. If he _____, give him the message.
A. were coming
B. would come
C. should come
D. were come
8. Were I to move to a foreign country, I _____ away all my furniture in my house here.
A. would give
B. shall give
C. gave
D. will give
9. I would go to the concert but I _____ no time.
A. had
B. had had
C. have
D. has
10. —Would you have told him the answer?
—Yes, I would have, but I _____ so busy then.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. am
11. —Why didn’t you buy it?
—I _____ but I didn’t have the money.
A. would
B. would have
C. had had
D. had bought
12. —You should have finished it sooner.
—I know but I _____ the time.
A. don’t have
B. won’t have
C. didn’t have
D. had not
13. _____ water, we could not live a day in the desert.
A. Without
B. No
C. Having no
D. But not for
14. If you _____ the doctor’s advice, you would have recovered already.
A. followed
B. would followed
C. will follow
D. had followed
15. If he had not lost the money, he _____ the piano last week.
A. could have bought
B. had bought
C. would buy
D. have bought
答案与解析：
1. 选B。but for表示“如果不是……的话”，与虚拟语气搭配使用。
2. 选B。表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should do或者were to do.
3. 选D。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
4. 选B。would rather后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，形式是：would rather sb. did/had done.
5. 选A。从句与过去事实相反，而主句与现在事实相反。
6. 选D。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，意思是“如果不是有太阳的话”。
7. 选C。表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should do.
8. 选A。表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would/should do.
9. 选C。but后面的分句表示事实情况，不用虚拟语气。
10. 选C。but后面的分句表示过去的事实情况，因此用过去时。
11. 选B。虚拟语气和事实情况混合的用法，第一个分句是虚拟，而but后面是事实情况。
12. 选C。but后面的分句表示过去的事实情况，因此用过去时。
13. 选A。without经常代替虚拟的从句，表示假设。
14. 选D。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时。
15. 选A。could have done表示“本来可以做某事”。
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82. The auto manufacturers found themselves ________________________ (正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额).
83. Only in the small town ________________________ (他才感到安全和放松).
84. It is absolutely unfair that these children ________________________ (被剥夺了受教育的权利).
85. Our years of hard work are all in vain, ________________________ (更
别提我们花费的大量金钱了).
86. The problems of blacks and women ________________________ (最近几
十年受到公众相当大的关注).
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82. But for mobile phone, ___________________(我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便)。
83. In handling an embarrassing situation, _____________(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了).
84. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning , ______________(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因).
85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _________________(而动物的行为主要依靠本能).
86. The witness was told that under no circumstances
_____________________(他都不应该对法庭说慌).
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82. We can say a lot of things about those who have spent their whole lives on poems (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are passionate, impulsive, and unique.
83. Mary couldn’t have received my letter, or she should have replied to me last week (否则她上周就该回信了).
84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiments (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago.
85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.
86. The prosperity of a nation is largely dependent upon (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of its people
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82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ________ (说服他不买车).
83. ________ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society..
84. When confronted with the evidence, ________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行).
85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ________ (一定有人在说他们坏话).
86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds ________ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).
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82. How long does a jacket like this last me? — (这要看你多长时间穿一
次).
83. The theory he advanced has proved (对许多传统概念的一种挑战).
84. The manager (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some
urgent business abroad.
85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的饮
食对健康是必不可少的).
86. Much (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time.
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82. __________________ (他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leave them and strike out
on his own though
he is in his late twenties.
83. Before you take any action, please remember to __________________ (权
衡你的决定会产生的后果
).
84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances __________________
(他会违背还钱的承诺).
85. Most educators advise that kids __________________ (不要沉溺于电脑游
戏).
86. Business major as he is, he has __________________ (从未考虑过从事推
销员工作).
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82. There is no denying that you ___________(越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter.
解析：can never be too careful / can not be too careful
【考点解释】本题考查“越仔细越好”“再…也不为过”的固定搭配，即can never be too/can not be too + adj.
【原句精释】无可否认，处理这件事，越仔细越好。
83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的)
解析：did I realize that reading cannot be neglected did I realize that reading is unignorable
【考点解释】本题考查由only when 引起的局部倒装。当only when置于句首，主句用局部倒装，即将助动词置于主语前面。only when引导句子时态为过去时(reached)，为保持时态一致，主句助动词用did;注意被动语态的使用，reading 与neglect为被动关系。同时也可以使用be+adj的结构。
【原句精释】直到三十岁，我才意识不能忽视读书。
84. Much ___________________ (使研究人员感到惊讶)，the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.
解析：to the researchers’surprise
【考点解释】本题考查固定搭配to one’s surprise 使…惊讶的是…
【原句精释】让研究人员大为惊讶的是，实验结果比他们的预计好得多。
85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; __________________________(我一定是把它放在哪儿了)。
解析：I must have left / put it somewhere.
【考点解释】本题考查对过去事情的肯定的猜测，即must have+过去分词，leave与put都有放置的意思，但leave强调遗忘在…，较之put，leave更贴合题意。
【原句精释】天啊，我找不到钥匙。我一定是把它放在哪儿了。
86.I ________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday.
解析：would rather join you as a volunteer
【考点解释】考查结构“宁愿…也不愿…”, 因题干中已存在“than go”的结构，只能使用“would rather do rather than do”。加入…join sb 【原句精释】我宁愿加入你们去做义工，也不愿到海边去度假。
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82. You shouldn't have run across the road without looking. You
______________________________ (也许会被车撞倒的).
33. By no means ______________________________ (他把自己当成专家) although
he knows a lot aboutthe field.
84. He doesn't appreciate the sacrifice his friends have made for
him,______________________________ (把他们所做的视作理所当然).
85. Janet told me that she would rather her
mother ______________________________ (不干涉她的婚姻).
86. To keep up with the expanding frontiers of scholarship, Edward Wilson
found himself______________________________ (经常上网查找信息)
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82. I think that the meal is well (没有折扣的情况下值80美元).
83. (面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign.
84. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister (几乎没有什么共同之处).
85. Only after many failures (我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的).
86. But for the survival instinct which nearly all creatures have, (更多的物种就
可能已经在地球上灭绝了).
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82. competing with foreign firms for market share
83. does he feel secure and relaxed
84. are deprived of the rights to receive education
85. not to mention / let alone the large amount of money we have spent
86. have gained / caused considerable public concern in recent decades
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82 our communication would not have been so rapid and convenient
83 nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor
84 but (he) refused to make further explanation( for doing so)/ to further explain
why
85 while animal behavior depends mainly upon (on) their instinct(s)
86 should he lie to the court
0806
82. We can say a lot of things about those who have spent their whole lives on
poems (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are passionate, impulsive, and unique. 83. Mary couldn’t have received my letter, or she should have replied to me last week (否则她上周就该回信了).
84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiments (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago.
85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.
86. The prosperity of a nation is largely dependent upon (一个国家未来的繁
荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of its people
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82. He designed the first suspension bridge , which made a perfect combination of beauty and function. (把美观与功能完美地结合起来)。
83．It was very dark, but Mary seemed to know which way to take instinctively. (本能地知道该走哪条路。)
84. I don’t think it advisable that parents (should) deprive children of their
freedom (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare time as they wish.
85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and
a lower death rate compared with relatively inactive people
（与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低）。
86．Your resume should attract a would-be boss’s attention by demonstrating why you would be the best candidate.
（为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选）。
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82. over him not to buy a car
83. Keeping sense of humor is contributive to
84. he had no choice but to confess his guilt
85. some one must are speaking ill of them
86.it difficult to resist the temptation of ice cream
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82. It depends on how often you wear it.
83. a challenge to many traditional concepts
84. Should have been able to attend the meeting in person
85. Balanced diet is essential to health
86. to my regret.
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82. Their only son has never thought
83. weigh your decision against its possible consequences
84. would he break his promise to pay back the money
85. should not be addicted to computer games
86. never considered working as a salesman
1012
82.can not be too careful
83.did I realize that reading could not be neglected
84.to the researchers' surprise
85.I must have left it somewhere
86.would rather join you to do volunteer work
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82. Even though they were already late, they would rather stop for the beautiful view(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.
解析：
本题考查两个知识点，比较活。停下来做某事可以表达为stop for sth.（此处sth.为汉译英动词转名词的技巧，即doing sth. →sth.），stop to do sth. 或者stop and do sth.。而"欣赏美丽的景色"，若用动词组合表达则为enjoy the beautiful view即可。
83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as either side refuses to soften their positions (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场)
解析：
本题语言表达在新闻英语中出现频率较高，一定程度上考查了考生平时练习新闻英语听力的成果。任何一方既可以用neither side（后跟"放弃"的表达），也可以用either side（后跟"不肯放弃"的表达），而立场的表达较多，可用standpoint, position, ground, stance等，所搭配的动词也不尽相同。
84. The pills could have cured the cancer patient (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的), but he didn't follow the doctor's advice and take them regularly.
解析：
等到本题虚拟语气的用法并不令人惊讶，这是历年六级考试中出现频率最多的考点之一，而治愈则用动词cure。heal更侧重于康复，愈合之意。
85. It is really kind of you to give me so much help（你真好，给了我那么多帮助）；
I really feel obliged to you.
解析：
本题令人欣喜，因为对于it is kind of sb. to do sth.的句法，绝大多数考生都烂熟于胸，而趋于口语的整句意思，也可轻易补全空格内容。
86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty years before they were able to reunite（他们才得以重聚）
解析：
本题考查before的上下文语境用法。除去"在...之前"的意思外，A从句+ before + B从句还能理解为A，B两事先后发生，即A之后，B接着发生。原句意为"三十年之后，他们才得以重聚"。如采用汉译英中的动词转名词的技巧，则可回答before their reunion。
1112
82：may be knocked down by car
83:does he take himself to be an expert 。
84:and take it for granted 。
85:not interfere marriage 。
86．often searching information on the internet
1206
82. I think that the meal is well worth $80 without a discount (没有折扣的情况下值80美元).
【点评】well worth，“值”，后跟动名词或名词；discount 折扣。
83. Facing the fierce competition from other companies (面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign.
【点评】横线处要填的是一个非谓语从句，根据句意可知前后主语都是the automobile manufacturer，因此用现在分词形式。
84. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister nearly have nothing in common / hardly have anything in common (几乎没有什么共同之处).
【点评】have something in common有共同点，注意表示否定时副词的使用。
85. Only after many failures have I realized that I cannot succeed with luck merely (我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的).
【点评】本题考查only位于句首的倒装。这里强调的是过去的事情对现在造成的影响“不能成功”，因此应用现在完成时态。
86. But for the survival instinct which nearly all creatures have, more species would have been extinct from the earth (更多的物种就可能已经在地球上灭绝了).
【点评】but for，“要不是，如果没有”，这里考查虚拟语气，后面应该用would + have done的形式，强调这种非真实的虚拟对将来可能发生的情况的影响。
1212翻译A
82. The new movie we are going to see this evening____________ (据说是基于一次真实的事件).
83.Sometimes the coupon attached to a product may______________ (分散顾客对其质量的注意力).
84.If we had left half an hour earlier, we______________________ (或许就不会为交通阻塞所耽搁).
85.Nancy refused the assistance provided, for she objected_________ _______(被当成残疾人看待).
86.Hard_______________(他们虽然尽了力)，their first attempt at a sol ution was unsuccessful.
翻译答案
82. was said to be based on a true event
83. disperse customers’ attention to its quality
84. could not have been delayed by the traffic jam
85. to be treated as the disabled
86. as they had tried
翻译解析
82. was said to be based on a true event
【解析】本题考查固定句型及短语用法。”It is (was)said to be…”,表示“据说……”。该句子的主语是”The new movie”, “we are going to see this eveni ng”这个句子是定语从句用来修饰主语，因此翻译的时候可以先不看它，抓住句子的主干。“基于”的表达有许多种：sth.be based on sth. ; sth. be on the b ase of sth.等等。
83. disperse customers’ attention to its quality
【解析】本题考查短语固定用法。“分散某人的注意力”表达方式也有许多种：disperse / distract one’s attention to sth.
84. could not have been delayed by the traffic jam
【解析】本题考查过去时态的虚拟语气;而且根据句意可知为被动态，因此主句的结构为”could not have been done”，表示本不可能发生的情况却发生了。另外注意“交通阻塞”、“耽搁”这些日常生活中常用词的英语表达。
85. to be treated as the disabled
【解析】本题考查动词短语固定表达。”treat sb. as”表示“把某人看作”，而此句用被动态”sb. was treated as”即“某人被当作(对待)……”。另外注意表示一类人的方法，通常用”the+adj.”所以“残疾人”为”the disabled”，又如，”the old”“老年人”等等。
86. as they had tried
【解析】本题考查让步主语从句及句子倒装。因为该从句以副词”Hard”开头表示强调，因此用连词”as”来引导该从句要整句倒装，”as”的意思为“虽然，尽管”。同时因主句是过去时可判断，从句的时态应为过去完成时。本句的正常语序为”As they had tried hard, their…”
翻译B
82.Through years of hard work, they_______________(已经把那片荒
地变成了肥沃的农田).
83.It was long since I last saw her, and if she had not greeted me first_____________(我几乎认不出她来).
84.Our defense at the court hearing finally___________________(使
法官确信我们是清白的).
85._________________(你可以放心)we will fulfill our task ahead of ti me.
86.Man should live in harmony with nature, and__________________ __(试图征服它是不明智的).
翻译答案及解析
82. have turned the waste land into fertile farm land.
【解析】本题考查完成时态固定短语用法。“把……变成”为”turn …into…”.另外“荒地”的表达”waste land, barren land, uncultivated land”;“农田”为”far m land, cropland, cultivated lan d”。
83. I would not have recognized her
【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的条件句时态为过去完成时，那么主句的结构为“would not have done“。“认出某人”一般用”recognize sb.”
84. convinced the judge that we were blameless
【解析】本题考查固定表达及时态一致。“让某人确信某事”有多种表达”con vince sb. that…”;”make sb. sure that…”，”blameless”意思为“清白的;无可责备的;无过失的”;另外据句意可判定主句谓语为过去时，因此that 引导的从句与主句时态要保持一致。
85.You can count on us
【解析】本题考查固定表达。”count on sb.”“指望、依靠某人”意即“某人可以放心”。
86.it is unwise to attempt to conquer it
【解析】本题考查形式主语结构及短语用法“做什么是不明智的”为”it is un wise to do sth.”。“试图做某事”为”attempt to do sth. ;try doing sth.”
大学英语六级翻译练习题 Translation One (5minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72. From what you would get angry with you friends, we can conclude you still ( 在意他的友情). 73. Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, and ( 结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多). 74. Among thousands of people ,you meet those you've met. Through thousands of years, with the boundlessness of time ( 没有早一步, 也没有晚一步, 刚巧赶上了). 75. Everyone has his inherent ability which is easily . ( 被习惯所掩盖, 被时间所迷离, 被惰性所消磨). 76. While our dream is confronted with the reality ,you always feel painful. Just trample on the pain, ( 要么你把痛苦踩在脚下). Translation Two (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72.Scientists will have to _________________________________________________(提出增 加世界粮食供应的新方法). 73.The medicine _____________________________________________________(治愈了那 个老妇人的慢性咳嗽) which she had suffered 20 years. 74.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad, but I wish ________________________________________________________ (他们能让我从中完全解脱出来). 75.Many people believe that our species ___________________________________________ (有朝一日会濒临灭绝). 76.The doctor said that __________________________________________________ (保持饮 食均衡很重要). Translation Three ( five minutes) 72. He did very well in his exams , _________________________(考虑到他学的很少). 73. Beijing has announced that _________________________(在任何请光下，中国将不首先使
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节日类： 1.年节 买年货：special for the Spring Festival 红包：red packets / red envelope 舞狮：lion dance 舞龙：dragon dance 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/ Eve of the Spring Festival 春晚：Spring Festival Gala 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecrackers 守岁：staying-up 拜年：give New Year's greetings/ New Year's visit 去晦气：get rid of the ill-fortune 压岁钱：gift money/ money given to children as a lunar New Year gift 除旧岁： farewell to the old year 春联：(Spring Festival) 年画：New Year painting 庙会：temple fair 元宵节：Lantern Festival 元宵：Tangyuan/ sweet rice dumpling 灯谜：lantern 全家团圆：family 2.清明 清明节：Tomb-sweeping Day/ Qingming Festival/ Ching Ming/ Chinese Memorial Day/' Day 寒食：Cold Food Festival/ Hanshi Day/ the day before Pure Brightness when only cold food is served
2012.12多卷 82. The new movie we are going to see this evening _____（据说是基于一次真实事件）. ?Is said to be based on an actual event/ a true story 83. Sometimes the coupon attached to a product may _____( 分散顾客对其质量的注意力). ?Distract the customer’s attention to its quality 84. If we had left half an hour earlier, we _____(或许就不会为交通阻塞所耽搁). ?Might not have been delayed by the traffic jam 85.Nancy refused the assistance provided, for she objected _____ (被当成残疾人看待). ?To being treated as the disabled 86. Hard ______ (他们虽然尽了力), their first attempt at a solution was unsuccessful. ?As/though they tried 2012.12 82. _____(不管中国变得多么强大), it will constitute no threat to any other country. ?No matter how strong China becomes ?However strong China becomes 83. Success in life does not depend so much on one’s school records ____(而是靠其勤奋和坚持)。 ?As on one’s diligence/ hard work and persistence/ perseverance 84. _______(他们要是此刻在这儿就好了), we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. ?If only they were here now/ at this moment 85. In recent years, with his business booming, he _____（给慈善事业捐了大笔的钱）. ?He has donated a large/big sum of money to charity 86. Without the atmosphere, we ______(将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处), as there would be nothing to protect us from its deadly rays. ?Would be forced to seek/look frshelter from the sun. 2012年6月 82. I think the meal is well _____________________ (没有折扣的情况下值80美元). ?Worth 80 dollars without a discount 83. ______________(面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign. ?Confronted with the fierce competition from other companies ?Facing the intense competition from other companies 84. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister ____(几乎没有什么共同之处)。 ?Hardly have anything in common
2010 年6 月六级真题 Passage One 发达国家中只有两个国家不能保证提供用于照料新生儿的带薪休假。去年春天，这两个国家中的一个——澳大利亚——放弃了这种令人质疑的殊荣，建立了自2011 年起开始实施的带薪家庭休假制。在美国这并没有成为新闻，我并不感到意外——现在我们是唯一没有这项政策的富有国家。 美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策，这就是于1993 年通过的《家庭和医疗休假法》。它规定要照料新生儿或处理家庭医疗问题的工人有资格享受时间长达12 个星期的不带薪休假。尽管此法案带来的利益不明显，但当时商务部和其他一些商业团体都极力反对，称其为“政府负责的人事管理”和“危险的先例”。事实上，民主党领袖一直都致力于将能促进工作与家庭关系平衡的措施形成法律条文，但每一次的努力都遭到了商业团体的强烈反对。 正如耶鲁大学法学教授Anne Alstott 所辩解的那样，要肯定父母关爱的作用就要将家庭定义为一种社会商品，从某种意义上讲，社会要为此埋单。在她的书《无路可走：父母对孩子的亏欠以及社会对家长的亏欠》中，她认为父母在生活的多个方面都肩负重担：在谈到孩子的话题时，父母们“无路可走”：“社会希望也需要家长们能不间断地照看好他们的孩子，而且是人类用以开发智力、培养情感和树立道德的那种深度的、亲密无间的照看。社会还希望并需要父母们能坚守这一角色，18 年如一日，如有必要，甚至还可以更长。” 大部分父母出于爱都会照顾孩子，不照顾孩子的父母则会受到公众的处罚。换句话说，父母们所做的一切都是这个国家所密切关注的问题，原因很明显，照顾孩子不仅从道德上来说是迫切的而且对这个社会的未来至关重要。国家在大多数保障儿童福利的家庭法律中都认可了这一点，而父母们在履行社会所强加给他们的、会改变其命运的义务时得到的帮助却甚少。把养育孩子视为个人选择、集体没有责任的做法不仅仅忽视了良好家庭教育所产生的社会效益，而且会抹杀这部分社会效益，因为当今天的孩子成为明天的具有生产力的公民时这部分社会效益会属于整个社会。实际上，据估计父母对孩子投入的价值，包括时间和金钱的投入（包括失去的薪水）相当于国内生产总值的20%—30%。如果这些投入能够产生巨大的社会效益——很明显能产生——那么为家庭提供更多的社会支持所带来的效益将会更加显而易见。 Passage Two 塔夫茨大学公民学习和参与信息研究中心(CIRCLE)一份新的调查显示，现在有比以前更多的年轻人参与投票选举，美国发展中心2008 年的一份调查也表明越来越多的年轻选民和活动家开始支持传统的自由事业。但要看出这些调查数字在现实生活中的意义并非易事。在总统竞选期间，巴拉克·奥巴马以希望和改变为宣传口号组成了不同种族之间和不同意识形态之间人们的联盟。当新一届政府执政下的现实生活步入正轨的时候，有些支持者可能会大失所望。随着国家进一步走入奥巴马执政时代，参与政治的年轻人是会继续支持奥巴马及其施政议程还是会渐行渐远？ “O（奥巴马的简称）一代”是《新闻周刊》新开的一个博客，致力于记录那些支持奥巴马的年轻人的生活。“O 一代”的作者们想就上面的问题做出回答。未来的三个月，Michelle Kremer 和其他11 位年龄从19 岁到34 岁不等的奥巴马支持者将会用博客来记录美国社会的主流生活，一个不同之处在于：通过将他们所有的观点和经历与新任总统及其领导下的政府紧密结合，这些博客作者试图开启一场对话，探讨在当今美国，年轻并且在政治方面活跃到底意味着什么。24 岁的Malena Amusa 是该博客的一位作者，也是来自圣路易斯的一位舞者，她将这一项目看做是即时记录历史的一种方式。Amusa 今年春天为了完成其著作前往印度，后来又去塞内加尔教授英语，她和她的朋友一直在谈论奥巴马当政会如何改变他们的日常生活，她希望把其中的一些观点和她的全球性视角写到帖子里。她很兴奋，要看清楚世界，“我不必等上15 年”，她这样解释说。 Henry Flores 是圣玛丽大学的政治学教授，他将年轻一代的政治力量归因于他们对科技的拥护。“网络使他们接触到更多的思想，”他说，“不同地区想法相同的人们就会聚到一起。”这正是“O 一代”博主们所期待的事情。结果可能会出现一群年轻人，就像他们在二战后生育高峰期出生的父母一样，伴随一种强烈的目的感而成长，他们也会改变此前从“X 一代”人身上所继承下来的冷漠形象。由一群普通但有抱负的年轻人来管理博客是个不小的挑战，但“O 一代”的成员能胜任这项任务。
英语六级翻译的高频词汇汇总 目前来看，英语六级翻译对很多同学都是难点，其实翻译之所以难主要是词汇量的问题。 下面是小编为大家整理的六级翻译高频词汇，同学们来学习一下吧。 1.theory [.i.ri]n.理论，原理;学说;意见，看法 2.supposed [s..p.uzd]a.想象的;假定的 3.promote [pr..m.ut]vt.促进，增进，发扬;提升;宣传，推销 4.abandon [..b.nd.n]vt.离弃，丢弃;遗弃，抛弃;放弃 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e48846525.html,parison [k.m.p.ris.n]n.比较，对照;比拟，比喻 6.instinctively [in.sti.ktivli]ad.本能地 7.passionate [.p...nit]a.多情的;充满激情的;热切的，强烈的 8.creative [kri:.eitiv]a.创造(性)的，有创造力的 9.appetitive adj. 食欲的, 有食欲的; 促进食欲的 10.confront [k.n.fr.nt]vt.遭遇;勇敢地面对，正视;使对质 11.secure [si.kju.]a.安全的;牢固的vt.得到;保卫;缚牢 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e48846525.html,bination [.k.mbi.nei..n]n.结合(体)，联合(体)，化合 13.application [..pli.kei.(.)n]n.申请(表,书);应用;敷用 14.demonstrate [.dem.nstreit]vt.论证;说明;显示vi.示威游行(或集会) 15.confess [k.n.fes]v.坦白，供认;承认
16.neglect [ni.glekt]vt.忽视，忽略;疏忽，玩忽n.疏忽，玩忽 17.addicted [..diktid]沉迷的 18.quarrel [.kw.r.l]n.争吵;失和的原因vi.争吵;反对，挑剔 19.indulge [in.d.ld.]vt.沉溺(于);纵容，迁就，肆意从事 20.suspension [s..spen..n]n.暂停;暂时剥夺;悬架;悬浮液;悬挂 21.interfere [.int..fi.]vi.(with，in)干涉，介入;妨碍，干扰 22.reunite [r..ju.na.t]v. 使再结合; 使重聚; 使再联合; 再结合; 重聚; 再联合 23.candidate [.k.ndideit]n.申请求职者;投考者;候选人 24.via [.vai.]prep.经由，经过，通过 25.terrorist [.ter.rist]n.恐怖分子 26.frontier [.fr.nti.]n.边境;[the～]边缘，边远地区[ pl.]前沿 27.deprive [di.praiv]vt.(of)剥夺，使丧失 28.regret [ri.gret]n.懊悔，遗憾，抱歉 29.breach [bri:t.]n.破坏;不和;缺口vt.攻破;破坏 30.considerable [k.n.sid.r.b.l]a.相当大(或多)的 31.resist [ri.zist]v.抵(反)抗，抵制;抗，耐;拒受的影响 32.impulsive [im.p.lsiv]a.推进的;冲动的 33.prosperity [pr..speriti]n.兴旺，繁荣
2019年12月英语六级翻译真题及答案 2014年12月英语六级翻译真题及答案 翻译一： 中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这个目标得以实现，今后绝大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。 在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了注重高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。 教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。 China will endeavor to ensure every employee to have average 13.3 years of education. If the goal is achieved, a majority of people entering the labor market will be having Bachelor’s degree. In the next few years, China will increase the number of people in vocational college. Except focusing on the higher education, the government will find a breakthrough point to ensure the justice of education. China is trying to optimize education resources and, accordingly, the countryside as well as the less developed areas will receive more support. In addition, the education ministry decides to improve the nutrition of students in less developed areas and provides equal opportunities for the children of workers from out of town to receive education in the city.
2012年六月翻译题及答案 82. ___________________ （他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twe nties 。答案：Their only son has n ever thought 83. Before you take any acti on, please remember to ______________ （权衡你的决定会产生的后果） 答案：weigh your decision against its possible consequences。 84. He assured his friend that un der no circumsta nces ________________ （他会违背还钱的承诺） 答案：would he break/breach his promise/commitme nt to pay back the money。 85. Most educators advise that kids ______________________ （不 要沉溺于电脑游戏）。 答案：should not be addicted to computer games. / should not in dulge themselves in computer games / should not aba ndon themselves to computer games 。 86. Busin ess major as he is, he has ___________________ （从 未考虑过从事推销员的工作）。 答案：never considered working as a salesman 。
精品文档2016中国农业套:12月英语六级翻译真题第3年亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水3农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过但为世界百分之二十的人提供稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，勤劳和富有创造性的中国年开始种植水稻。了粮食。中国7700早在使用机械和化肥之前，农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。 Agriculture is one of the most important industries inChina which embra agriculture output ranks the first ces more than 300 millionworkers. China ‘sand beans. China provid rice, wheat allover the word, and it mainly produce es 20 percent of the worldfood, though its agriculture land only accounts for 1 history ofplanting rice dates back as early as 7world'stotal.China's 0% of the c an d and fertilizers,industrious700 B.C. Long befor e the use o f machinery farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop reativepromot of the agriculture development in China is to yields. The latest trend of pur agriculture can serve a varietyorganice organic agriculture. And the poses, which including foodsafety, public health and sustainable development. :学汉语第2套月英语六级翻译真题2016年12 使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语学汉语的人数迅速增加，随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，言之一。近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于中国教育的巨大进步，万国际学生40中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。2015年，近在全球而包括科学与工程。蜂拥来到中国市场。他们学习的科目不再限于中国语言和文化，教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅速赶上。economy booms, there is a dramaticincrease in the number of China'sAs people learning Chinese,which makes it become one of the most popularlanguages. In recent years, international ranks ofChinese universities have apparently boosted. Owingto the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the mostfavorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundredthousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limitedto the subjects of Chinese and Chinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In theglobal education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catchingup. 旅游套:第年201612月英语六级翻译真题1 中国人的时间主过去，随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。经济的繁荣和富近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，精品文档．精品文档出国旅游也裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，亿元。据世界贸易组织估越来越普遍。年国庆节假日期间，旅游消费总计超过40002016在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，计，的国家。 With the improvement of living standards, vacationis playing an increasin life. In the past, Chinese people mainlysChinesepeople'sgly important role in
英语六级翻译必备短语汇总 1.keep up with 跟上，不落后 2. catch up with 追上，赶上 3. come up with 提出 4. end up with 以…告终 5. put up with 忍受 6. make up for 补偿/填补 7. live up to 不辜负 8. turn up 出现 9. turn down 减少、拒绝 10. turn over 翻转 11. turn in 上缴 12. have access to sth. 有权利使用；有接近（享受）…的机会 13. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 14. look forward to doing sth./sth. 期待做某事/某事 15. get down to sth. 着手做/正式做某事 16. lead to/contribute to…/attribute to… 导致 17. be superior to 优于，胜过 18. be inferior to 比差…，不如… 19. be senior to 比…年长 20. be junior to比…年少 21. prior to 在…之前 22. range from… to… （范围）从…到…；在…范围内变动 23. be busy in 忙于 24. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 25. can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 26. feel like doing sth. 想要走某事
27. have a good time (in ) 玩得高兴，过得愉快 28. have difficulty( trouble) (in) doing sth. 做…有困难 29. spend /waste time(in) 花费/浪费时间在… 30. It's no use doing sth. 做某事没有好处/意义 31. There's no point in doing sth. 没必要做某事 32. in the way/by the way/ in no way 挡路/顺便说一下/决不 33. It's the first/second time that第一次/第二次… 34. catch sb doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 35. call off/cancel 取消 36. have an influence on sth./sb. 对某事/某人有影响 37. impose sth on sb. 把…强加于某人 38. but for sth. 要不是… 39. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 40. escape doing sth. 避免做某事 41. accuse sb of sth. 控告某人做某事 42.charge sb with sth. 控告某人做某事 43. be innocent of 无辜的，无罪的 44. be alert to sth. 对…保持警惕 45. play a role/part in sth./doing sth. 在…中扮演角色/发作用 46. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 47. be worthy of doing sth. 值得做某事 48. keep/lose contact with sb. 与某人保持/失去联系 49. be second to none 最好的，最棒的 50. not to speak of/not to mention/let alone 更不要说… 51. delay/ mind/ admit/ avoid// consider/ contemplate/deny/ dislike/ finish/ permit/ practice+doing推迟/介意/承认/避免/考虑/沉思/否认/不喜欢/结束/允许/联系
2013年12月英语六级翻译真题 试卷一： 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6,000多公里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器（porcelain）也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。 参考译文： The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an imp ortant role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market. 试卷二： 中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。 参考译文： After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a