高中英语语法复习导学案——情态动词
一、语法特征
【题组训练】改正下列句子中的错误
1.Simple measures such as hand washing can to limit the spread of disease.
2.Experts have warned that many people may aren’t getting enough Vitamin D.
3.The nation musts limit land development.
4.With her help, he ought not have any problem.
5.I wondered how he dared to say that to the teacher.
6.【总结】
1. 情态动词+ ________ 一起构成句子的谓语，不能单独使用
2. 情态动词后直接加_____ 构成否定式
3. 情态动词没有____和__的变化
4. 有些情态动词具有特殊性：ought to; have to; dare; need 等
二、用法要点
【题组训练】
1. He is a native speaker of English, so he __________ of course speak English quite well.
2. I am starving to death. I __________ eat two bowls of rice now.
3. If you have a good sleep, you __________ work out this problem tomorrow.
4. She __________ sing like an angle when she was a child.
5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __________ get out.
【注意】表示过去某一次的能力，即过去某时刻具有做某事的能力并施展了能力的时候，只能用was / were able to
(二) 表示可能性（推测）
【观察】1) Accidents can happen on such rainy night.
1. 客观或理论上的可能性：________ 用于肯定句中。不涉及具体某事是否会发生，常用于说明人或事物的特征
【注意】
1.表示推测时，may; must 常用肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句中(may not 的意思是“__________ ”)；can 常用于否定句、疑问句、感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思(could 也可以用于肯定句中)。
2. should 表示推测，表示的是确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果
We should arrive before dark. The road should be less crowded today.
3. should; might; could 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式
This may / might be done by him.
【题组训练】
1. Helen __________ go to the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
2. There __________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
3. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How__________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
4. ---She looks very happy. She __________ pass the exam. --- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
5. --- I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. --- It __________ be true because there was little snow there.
6. --- Is John coming by train? --- He should , but he __________ . He likes driving his car.
(三) 情态动词+have done 的用法
【辨析】
1. She didn’t need to come to see me yesterday. [不需要]
2. She needn’t have come to see me yesterday. [本可不必]
【题组训练】
1. Tom ____________________ (tell)me your secret, but he meant no harm.
2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____________________(write)it out for her.
3. --- There were already 5 people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
--- It ____________________(be) a comfortable journey.
4. Susan ____________________ (write) a report like this.
5. --- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. --- Oh, did you? You _______________(stay) with Barbara.
6. Jack _______________ (arrive) yet, otherwise he would have phoned me.
7. There was plenty of time. She ____________________ (hurry).
8. He _______________ (give) you more help, even though he was very busy.
9. I was really anxious about you. You _______________ (leave) home without a word.
【题组训练】
1. --- The room is so dirty. _______________we clean it now? --- Of course.
2. ---_______________ he come to see you? --- Of course. And I’d rather he told me the truth.
3. Tonight, the light of love is in your eyes, but _______________you love me tomorrow?
(五) 情态动词需要注意的用法
1. shall 用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者许诺、命令、警告、威胁等；
用于条约、规章、法令等文件中，表示义务或规定
2. should 表示说话人对某事不能理解、感到意外、惊异等，意为“竟然”
3. will 表示意愿、决心、诺言、期望等；意为“会、要、保证”；有感情色彩，自觉的行动和动作
4. would 表示过去习惯性的动作，不涉及现在，没有与现在对比的意思
used to 表示过去常常做二而现在已经不再有的习惯，存在与现在的对比
5. must 表示“偏要、硬要”做某事
【题组训练】
1. I don’t know why you _____ think I did it.
2. It has been announced that candidates _____remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
3. --- How old are you, Madam? --- If you _____ know, I’m twice my son’s age.
4. I have made up my mind to go and I _____.
5. When he was there, he _____go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
6. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.
(六)
【题组训练】
1. Children under 12 years of age in that country _____be under adult supervision when they are in a public library.
2. Johnny, you_____ pay with the knife. You may hurt yourself.
(七) 情态动词的应答
1. --- Shall I tell John about it? --- No, you needn’t. I’ve told him already.
2. --- Could I call you by the first name? --- Yes, you may.
3. --- Will you stay for lunch? --- Sorry, I can’t. My brother is coming to see me.
4. --- Write to me when you get home. --- I will.
5. --- Could I borrow your dictionary? --- Yes, of course, you can.
6. --- Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. --- I won’t.
7. --- May I use your car? --- No, you mustn’t.
8. --- Must I work out the problem tonight? --- No, you needn’t.
9. --- Need we do this job now? --- Yes, you need.
10. --- Will you stay for lunch? --- Sorry, I can’t. My brother is coming to see me.
(八) need 和dare 的用法
1. She doesn’t dare to go (go) into the thick forest alone on such s dark night.
2. Looking at my determined face, the big boy dare not pick (pick) up the fight.
3. The hotel is only a stone’s throw away, you need not take (take) a bus.
4. --- I don’t mind telling you what I know. --- You needn’t. I’m not asking you for it.
5. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You shan’t have (have) my computer if you don’t take care of it.
6. I wonder how he dared say (dare) that to the teacher.
7. You needn’t come (come) to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
8. You needn’t return (return) the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
三、其他情态动词的用法
1. I cannot but admire your bravery. 我不得不钦佩你的勇气。
cannot but + do sth. 不得不……; 只有做……
2. She may well refuse to talk to you. 她很可能拒绝和你谈话。
may well do sth. = to be very likely to do sth. 完全可能……; 很可能……
3. You may as well stay here over the night. 你最好留在这里过夜。
may as well do sth. 最好……; 满可以……
4. You can’t be careful enough. / You can’t be too careful. 你再怎么小心也不为过。
can not / never + be + adj. + enough
too + adj. 再……也不为过
5. Why should you be so late today? 你今天怎么来的这么晚？
How should I know? 我怎么会知道？
why / how should …“竟会……”表示说话人对某事不理解，感到意外、惊异等
The Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气是一种特殊的谓语动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设、愿望、猜测、要求、命令等。
一、用于if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句
【题组训练】
1. If I _____ (win) the lottery now, I __________(buy) an expensive car.
2. If there _____ (be) no subjunctive mood, English __________ (be) easier for us Chinese.
部分倒装：_________________________________________________________________
3. If I_______________ (come) here yesterday, I _______________ (see) him.
部分倒装: _______________________________________________________
4. 1) If it_____ (rain) tomorrow, the meeting _______________(put off).
2) If it_______________ (rain) tomorrow, the meeting _______________ (put off).
部分倒装：_________________________________________________________________
3) If it __________ (rain) tomorrow, the meeting _______________(put off).
部分倒装：_________________________________________________________________
5. If you__________ (ask) him yesterday, you would know (know) what to do now.
If I _____(have) a bicycle at present, I _______________ (lend) it to you yesterday.
6. If there (no be) for your help yesterday, I (not finish) the work.
= you help yesterday, I (not finish) the work.
= Thank you for your help yesterday. , I (not finish) the work.
= Thank you for your help yesterday, I (not finish) the work.
7. If you (come) a few hours earlier, you (see) the famous writer.
= A few hours earlier, you (see) the famous writer.
8. If he (bear) in a better family, he (be) a professor.
= in a better family, he (be) a professor.
【总结】
1. 主从句谓语动词的搭配要记会
2. 省略if，将had; were; should 放在句首构成部分倒装结构需要背
3. 错综时间条件句中谓语动词各自为准更可贵
4. 含蓄条件句表达形式要找对
1) 介词或介词短语：without; but for
2) 副词或连词：otherwise; or; or else
3) 其他手段：名词短语、非谓语动词等
【题组训练】
1. --- If he (warn), he (not take) that food.
--- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
2. Had you listened to the doctor, you (be) all right now.
3. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball. Otherwise he (score) a goal.
4. (be) I you, I would go with him to the party.
5. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I (not fall) in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
6. But for the English examination I (go) to the concert last Sunday.
7. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology (not achieve).
8. I would have come earlier, but I (know) that you were waiting for me.
二、虚拟语气用在名词性从句中
【题组训练】
1. How I wish every family (have) a large house with a beautiful garden!
= If only every family (have) a large house with a beautiful garden!
2. I wish I (meet) that film star yesterday.
= If only I (meet) that film star yesterday.
(二) would rather + 宾语从句中，与现在或将来事实相反，动词用did / were
与过去事实相反，动词用had done
1. I would rather he (come) tomorrow than today.
2. I would rather he (tell) me about that yesterday.
3. Most insurance agents would rather you (not do) anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
三、虚拟语气用在其他从句中
1. He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he (be) a Chinese.
2. Looking round the town, he felt as though he (be) away for ages.
3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it (break).
4. He learns English so hard as if he (go) the U.S.A. in the near future.
（二）虚拟语气在It’s (high / right) time (that) + 定语从句中：谓语动词用did 或should do
【题组训练】
1. It’s time that the bus (arrive) to pick up all the passengers.
2. It is high time we (start) out.
四、在名词性从句中用(should) do / (should) be done 表示虚拟语气
(一) 虚拟语气可以用在主语从句中，构成It is + adj. / n. / done + that + 主语从句
1. It’s (必要的) that we (keep) the balance of nature.
2. It’s (自然的) that she (do) so.
3. It’s (重要的) that we (take) good care of the patient.
4. It is (可惜) he (miss) such a golden chance.
(二) 1. 坚持：
2. 命令：
3. 建议：+ 宾语从句中
4. 要求：
【注意】suggest 作“暗示；表明”讲，insist 作“坚持认为；坚持说”讲，宾语从句不用虚拟语气
【题组训练】
1. We suggested that the meeting (put off).
2. The smile on his face suggested that he (be) satisfied with our work.
3. The young man insisted that he (do) nothing wrong and (set) free.
(三) 表示坚持、命令、建议、要求+ 宾语从句可以和相应的主语从句、表语从句、同为语从句转换
We suggest that you should be there on time.
= Our is that you (be) there on time. [表语从句]
= It is that you (be) there on time. [主语从句]
= I make a that you (be) there on time. [同位语从句]
【题组训练】
1. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students (give) two weeks to prepare for the exam.
2. Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he (be) an Englishman.
3. If only I (know) how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
4. Robert wishes that he (study) business instead of history when he was in university.
5. Mr. Li required the computer equipment referred to (use)in every classroom.
6. It is strange that the little boy (speak) two foreign languages.
7. --- Do you mind if I leave the window open? --- Well, I’d rather you (not).
8. It’s half past eleven. It’s high time we (go) home.
【翻译】
1. 如果赵老师在这里，事情就能办了。
2. 如果我昨天看到你，我就会问你这件事。
3. 如果明天下雨，庄稼就有救了。
4. 要是小悦悦能及时送达医院，她今天还活着。
5. 我多么希望能永葆青春。
6. 该是你为你的所作向她道歉的时候了。
7. 我们学生掌握英语很有必要。
8. 整件事情我都记得，好像发生在昨天一样。
9. 昨天路上太堵了，我宁愿骑自行车。
10. 没有老师的指导，我们不会取得这么大的进步。
高 考 ?学科教育? 二○ 一三年 八月 81 高中英语语法教学的重要性及策略 盐城市伍佑中学 宋 政 摘 要：本文从教师和学生的心理来分析问题，发现了现代英语教学过程中对待语法知识的一些误区，阐述了语法教学在高中英语教学中的重要性，然后根据自己的理解和经验总结出了一些关于英语语法教学的方法，这些方法更重要的是培养学生的自主学习能力。 关键词：高中英语；语法教学；有效性策略；自主学习； 一、英语语法教学的重要性 在高中英语教学的过程中，有很多老师不太在意语法的教学。在应试教育的背景下，只注重学生的听、说、读、写、译这五个方面，忽视了语法的重要性。了解语法，对于学习一门语言极其重要，它能够帮助我们更快更好的理解语言并运用语言。所以，在高中英语教学过程中，让学生熟练的掌握英语语法，十分必要。高中生学习英语已不是初次接触，所以早已没有开始学习的热情，随着英语的深度和难度的加大，当老师讲解语法知识时，会感到困惑，觉得英语学习碰到了瓶颈。尽管买了一大堆的资料，练习翻译、写作，却发现效果不明显。 英语学习是一个全面的过程，包括听、说、读、写、译和语法，语法更是其中最重要的一个方面。只有掌握了语法，才能更为深入和全面的了解英语，才能更为直观的了解作者想要表达的意思。通过老师在课堂上对英语书中知识的讲解，学生会对英语有一些了解，但这些并不足以让他们熟练的运用英语，这就需要用有效方法去学习语法，使得英语的学习更加规范和全面。教授学生英语语法知识，有助于提高学生的英语成绩，为日后学生的英语交流打下基础。因此，英语语法的教学不能忽略，老师要运用有效的、有策略的方法让学生系统的接受语法知识。 二、英语语法教学的策略 1、明确教学任务，分清重难点。 高中生所要接触的语法内容很多，比如各种从句、直接引语、间接引语和情态动词等，这些内容前后联系，复杂繁琐，需要老师从整体上系统具体的把握这些知识点，以便于教学过程中能够得心应手。同时，老师也要对自己学生的语法基础有大概的了解。再者，老师的教学过程要有重点，不能没有层次。要注意分析学生的作业和试卷，整理出学生易错的知识，并加上自己对语法的了解，然后在课堂上把整理出来的重点详细讲解，其他内容大概讲解，对于个别同学提出的问题要认真对待，确保每个学生都能理解这些语法知识。 2、把语法知识融入日常教学，并循环复习。 有些老师会仔细地把自己的教学任务分成好几部分，然后按照自己的安排决定每节课所要教的内容。我觉得这并不科学，任何一门语言都是整体的，不能够把它分成多少部分来教学，语法是贯穿整个语言之中的。在英语教学过程中，如果老师一下子把所有语法都交给学生，学生是无法接受的，他们的能力有限，如果一次性要学的东西很多，那就容易弄混、弄错，甚至什么都没记住。因此把语法只是融入日常的教学环节，是明智之举。艾宾浩斯的遗忘曲线规律告诉我们，人们接受信息时是短时记忆，会遗忘，只有及时的复习才能变成长时记忆。循环复习知识点，有助于加深印象，在教学过程中，老师要有耐心，要不厌其烦的讲解同一个知识点。 3、理论联系实际，培养学生自主能力。 老师在教学过程中要注意理论与实际相联系，把语法结构用在平时的交流中,让学生在实际的语言中去感知、理解、 记忆,从而更有效地掌握语法。高尔基说过，书籍是人类进 步的阶梯。看书是人们获取知识的重要途径，但很多学生不知道该怎么看，老师可以推荐一些比较好的语法书给学生，让他们利用课余时间去看。重要的是要让他们学会自己发现问题、提出问题及解决问题，培养他们自主学习的能力，这时老师应该充当的是辅助学习的角色，《英语课程标准》中也指出要以学生为主体的思想。 4、多样教学，活跃课堂气氛。 理论上来说，学习应该是一个快乐的过程，但由于我国的特殊背景，高中的课堂一般都异常沉闷，不像国外，课上随意发言，老师和学生像朋友一样交流问题。而且由于我国高中生课程较多，英语不是唯一课程，课后用来学习英语的时间也不多，因此英语的运用能力得不到锻炼，语法知识就不会很好。在课堂上，老师可以为学生创造出一些情境，让他们自由发挥，提高交际能力，激发学生对英语的学习兴趣。老师一味的用枯燥的专业名词讲解语法势必会让学生感到无聊乏味，如果能增加教学的趣味，就能够带来意料之外的好结果。比如有些琐碎的知识点，一个个记很麻烦也不一定能够记住，这时可用顺口溜，语句简短，趣味性也不错，这就可以引起学生的兴趣，就容易记住那些本来不易记住的东西。同时，也可以推荐学生多看一些好的美剧和英语书籍，既可以放松心情也可以学习知识，一举两得。 5、结合对比归纳法。 英语语法复杂繁琐，有很多规则相似，但不易区分，尤其在运用时，学生很容易搞错。在教学过程中，老师除了要及时帮助学生改正错误，还要帮助他们发现规律，运用对比归纳法发现区别，加深印象。例如在学习名词性从句时，可以对比以下句子，分清各是什么从句： ①She dose not know when Marry will come back.②The question is when Marry will come back.③When Marry will come back is not known yet. ④They have no idea about when Marry will come back. 让学生仔细比较四个斜体的句子，尽管都是when Marry will come back 但由于位置不同，句子结构也不同，学生可以发现第一个宾语从句，第二个是表语从句，第三个是主语从句，第四个是同位语从句。然后老师将名词性从句的词序特征、四类连接词和关系代词的使用方法进行对比和归纳，让学生能全面了解名词性从句，从而达到让他们正确运用的目的。 总而言之，语法教学是一个长期而艰巨的过程。作为教师，应不断的学习，提高自身业务能力，可以针对不同的教学目标和内容，采用不同的教学方法。语法的教学过程不是一味地让学生接受知识，而是要让学生灵活运用知识。老师在教学过程中，要精心设计教学活动，并注意语法知识与其他英语知识的融合，使学生更好地理解所学知识。
高中情态动词语法练习 题79717 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
情态动词练习题 Ⅰ. 单项选择(45%) 1.I thought you _________like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A.may B.might C.could D.must 2.You__________ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. needn't to come B. don't need come C. don't need coming D. needn't come 3. He__________you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give 4.---________I help you with some shoes, madam? --- Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones. A. Will B. Should C. May D. Must 5. The reason why they _______leave wasn't explained to us. A. had B. had to C. must D. might 6. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I______it at home. A. left B. have left C. might have left D. could have left 7. I _____asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing. A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustn't have fallen 8. The only thing that really matters to the children is how soon they ______return to their school. A. can B. must C. have to D. ought to 9. I want to go to the chemist's, but you______go with me. . need not B. must not C. need D. must 10. I thought it over, but______come to no conclusion. A. can B. could C. should D. would 11. What we _____get seems better than what we have. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 12.─My goodness! I've just missed the train. ─That's too bad. I am sure you ______it, if you had hurried. A. could have caught B. had caught C. would catch D. could catch 13. Look! What you've done! You _____more careful. A. may be B. had to C. should have been D. would be 14. ______I repeat the question? A. Shall B. Will C. Do you want that D. Do 15. Professor Li, many students want to see you.____ they wait here or outside! A. Do B. Will C. Shall D. Are 16. You read that book if you don't want to. A. haven't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't 17. Johnny, you play with the knife; you____hurt yourself A. won't; can't B. can't; shouldn't C. shouldn't; must D. mustn't; may 18. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack______be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. can D. should 19. ─ There were already 5 people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. ─ It ____a comfortable journey. A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. couldn't have been D. mustn't have been
高中英语语法“虚拟语气”的教学设计 一、教材分析： 本课是结合外研社版高中英语教材选修6中有关虚拟语气的语法内容，进行高三虚拟语气的复习，教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二、学情分析： 在高一和高二英语学习基础上，高三学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在高三语法复习的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，渴求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三、教学重点: 1.复习的重点---语法虚拟语气的句型结构. 2.语法虚拟语气的运用 四、教学难点: 1.结合复习的语法知识，以课堂教学为依托，全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力，加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。 2.虚拟语气在真实的生活语境中的使用。 五、教学目标: 1.知识目标: 引导学生掌握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。培养学生通读，分析，理解，综合的能力，教会学生体察语境，结合上下文，附和逻辑推理和合理的想象，结合语法和题干中的语境解决高考题。在运用语言过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。 2.能力目标： 利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生进入情景之中，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力，同时，发展学生综合语言运用的能力，分析问题和解决问题的能力，培养学生自主学习。 3.德育目标： 用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。 六、教学策略:
高中英语语法精讲第四章情态动词. 情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的“辅助性”动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。 一、情态动词的特征和形式 二、A.情态动词的各种形式见下表： 三、情态动词 四、m ay 五、m ight 六、c an 七、c ould 八、m ust 九、h ave to 十、o ught to 十一、will 十二、would 十三、shall 十四、should 十五、need 十六、dare 十七、used to 十八、否定式 十九、may not 二十、might not 二十一、c annot/can not 二十二、c ould not 二十三、m ust not 二十四、d o not have to 二十五、o ught not to 二十六、w ill not 二十七、w ould not 二十八、s hall not 二十九、s hould not 三十、need not 三十一、d are not 三十二、u sed not to
三十三、d id not use to 三十四、简略否定式 三十五、m ayn't（老式英语，现在不常见） 三十六、m ightn't 三十七、c an't 三十八、c ouldn't 三十九、m ustn't 四十、don't have to 四十一、o ughtn't to（否定句中to可省略） 四十二、w on't 四十三、w ouldn't 四十四、s han't（只用于英国英语） 四十五、s houldn't 四十六、n eedn't 四十七、d aren't 四十八、u sedn't to 四十九、d idn't use to 五十、B．情态动词除ought to, used to等外，后面只接不带to的不定式。五十一、1．情态动词+do 五十二、Y ou shouldn't be so careless. 你不该这样粗心大意。 Jessica told him yesterday she might not go on the trip. 杰西卡昨天告诉他，她可能不去旅行了。 Difficulties can and must be overcome. 困难能够而且必须克服。 2．情态动词+be doing She must be listening to pop music. 她肯定在听流行音乐。 You should be reviewing your lessons. 你应该在复习功课。 My mother may/might be cooking now. 我妈妈可能正在做饭。 3．情态动词+have done They might have visited the Great Wall. 他们可能参观过长城了。
Modal Verbs 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must (must), have to, shall (should), will (would), need (need), dare (dared), ought to 等。情态动词无人称和数的变化。它不能单独使用，必须跟其后的动词原形构成谓语。情态动词的具体用法如下： 一、can, could 1、表示能力。 a. Can you speak English? b. Can you finish this work tonight? c. Man cannot live without air. Note:
(1) can表示能力时，可用be able to 代替。 a. I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. (2) 当我们要表示“某件事情已经 成功”时，应用was/ were able to , 不能用could a. He saw well and he was able to swim to the river when the flood happened. b. He was able to go to the party yesterday evening and he enjoyed himself very much. 2、表示客观可能性
a. People who live near airports can have their hearing harmed. b. The boy can sometimes be very naughty. （表示某人或某物一时的情况，“有时会。。。”） c. The invention can be improve d. d. Even experts can make mistakes. e. He can’t be in Beijing now because I saw him a moment ago. f. He had a lot of work to do last night, so he couldn’t have gone to see a film. Note: 在肯定句中用can表示可能性时，其含义是理论上的可能性，不表示
高中英语语法复习课的教学课例与评析 在新课程背景下，怎样上好英语语法复习课，是值得广大高中英语教师思考的问题。语法复习课如果上不好，往往会变成旧课的重复，或者是新课的再版，这不仅不能发挥语法复习课的作用，而且会使学生感到乏味而降低学习兴趣。因此，我从平时的语法复习教学存在的问题入手，经过不断的教学实践和摸索，构建了“情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式。现结合module7 unit3中的动词-ing形式的被动语态复习课的教学课例，向大家简单地呈现该教学模式的具体操作方法，并进行课后反思。 一、语法复习教学存在的问题 (一)脱离情境教学，重语言形式，轻语言功能。在新课的教学上，我们教师会有意识地将语言的形式和功能相结合，设计语境，注意语言形式在真实语境中的运用，可一到复习课，因为课时紧，赶进度，往往只重视语言形式的复习。教师将语言形式归纳好，学生被动地接受语法规则。很显然，很多教师没有意识到语法能力是交际能力的一部分，高考语法考查也总是放在一定的语境中进行。因此，脱离情境，孤立地、机械地进行语法形式的总结，难以达到语法复习的预期效果。 (二)不设置任务活动，重教师的“教”，轻学生的“学”。在实际的语法复习课的教学中，还是有一些教师满堂灌。教师对教学过程中的每个步骤的安排设计主要从“教”的角度考虑，花很多时间把知识讲解系统、深入，把复习课上成例题课、练习课或测验讲评课，不重视设置基于学生水平、易激发学生学习兴趣的任务和活动，导致学生不能积极、主动地参与课堂，也难以达到预期的复习效果。 二、语法复习课的教学课例与评析 (一) “情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式 “情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式是“以情境为载体、以话题为主线、以活动为依托”，我把它称为“寓情于境”的语法复习教学模式。“情”即某一特定的目标语法，而“境”则是以某一话题贯穿始终的、围绕该话题开展活动、完成任务的相对真实的语境。该模式的主要步骤如下: 步骤一：导入。运用单元相关的话题或热点话题导入，注重引起学生兴趣。 步骤二：呈现。将本课时要复习的目标语法设计到不同形式的听说读写等情境中。 步骤三：归纳。学生通过观察丰富的语言材料，发现、回忆相关语法现象，并通过同伴合作活动，讨论语法规则并总结归纳语法规则。 步骤四：运用。根据话题一致的原则，设置不同情境，从句到篇，由易到难，训练学生在真实生动的语境中达到活学活用目标语法的目的。
高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词 情态动词的语法特征 1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 比较can 和be able to 1）can，could 表示能力；可能(过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。 They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。 2）只用be able to a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 注意：could不表示时态 1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。 --- Could I have the television on? --- Y es, you can. / No, you can't. 2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。 He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。 比较may和might 1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you!
语法复习导学案M7U1 一、探究发现Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.①.contributed to the development of TVMany different people ②to tell you that your application has been turned down.I regret③me a mobile phone as a gift.On my birthday she gave④began using plastic tape.It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders ⑤foresee what the future will bring?⑥Who
can were made in the USA.⑦The first public TV broadcasts from satellite TV.benefit⑧However, most people still ][我的发现，属于不及物动词的有___________(1)以上各句中的黑体部分，属于及物动词的有。_______作、从句、_______________(2)从以上句子可以看出，及物动词可接、代词、_______ 宾语。语态。(3)由⑦句可以看出，及物动词能使_________(4)由②⑧句可以看出，不及物动词不能直接接_________；必要时，则需加________。 二、知识梳理 （一）及物动词 及物动词是指后面可直接跟宾语，并且必须跟宾语才能使其意义完整的动词。大部分及物动词有被动语态。 及物动词常用于以下三种结构中： 1．“主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构 此时的宾语可以是一个名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、疑问词＋动词不定式、动名词(短语)或者从句。 He charged the battery.(名词) Eventually, his behavior satisfied her.(代词) I want to get your help. (动词不定式短语) I don't know what to do. (疑问句＋动词不定式) He delayed telling her the news. (动名词短语) No one can foresee what will happen in the future. (宾语从句) (1)下面这些及物动词后只能接动名词作宾语： admit(承认)，appreciate(感激), avoid, consider(考虑), delay, deny, enjoy, escape, prevent, fancy(想象), finish, imagine, mind, miss(想念), postpone(推迟), practise, recall(回忆), resist, risk, suggest(建议), include, stand(忍受), forgive, keep(继续)等。 Would you mind using your phone? 用一下你的电话你介意吗？ That young guy still denies having started the fire behind the store. 那个年轻人仍然否认在商店后面放了火。 (2)下面这些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语： afford, arrange, ask, choose, decide, determine, expect, hesitate, hope, long(渴望), manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threat, wish等。 Can you afford to lend me some money? 你能借一些钱给我吗？ He has determined to learn French. 他已决定学法语了。 动名词作宾语且意义差别大的及物动词。/可接不定式(3)． 忘记要做某事forget to do sth.???忘记做过某事forget doing sth. ??记得要做某事remember to do sth.???记得做过某事remember doing sth. ??试图做某事attempt to do sth.???试着做某事attempt doing sth. ??打算做某事mean to do sth.???意味着做某事mean doing sth. ??努力做某事try to do sth.???尝试做某事try doing sth. ??(4)接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别不大的及物动词。 a．表示“爱、憎、喜、恶”的情感类动词hate, love, like, prefer等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时，
情态动词练习题 Ⅰ. 单项选择(45%) 1.I thought you _________like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A.may B.might C.could D.must 2.You__________ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. needn't to come B. don't need come C. don't need coming D. needn't come 3. He__________you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give 4.---________I help you with some shoes, madam? --- Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones. A. Will B. Should C. May D. Must 5. The reason why they _______leave wasn't explained to us. A. had B. had to C. must D. might 6. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I______it at home. A. left B. have left C. might have left D. could have left 7. I _____asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing. A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustn't have fallen 8. The only thing that really matters to the children is how soon they ______return to their school. A. can B. must C. have to D. ought to 9. I want to go to the chemist's, but you______go with me. . need not B. must not C. need D. must 10. I thought it over, but______come to no conclusion. A. can B. could C. should D. would 11. What we _____get seems better than what we have. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 12.─My goodness! I've just missed the train. ─That's too bad. I am sure you ______it, if you had hurried. A. could have caught B. had caught C. would catch D. could catch 13. Look! What you've done! You _____more careful. A. may be B. had to C. should have been D. would be 14. ______I repeat the question? A. Shall B. Will C. Do you want that D. Do 15. Professor Li, many students want to see you.____ they wait here or outside! A. Do B. Will C. Shall D. Are 16. You read that book if you don't want to. A. haven't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't 17. Johnny, you play with the knife; you____hurt yourself A. won't; can't B. can't; shouldn't C. shouldn't; must D. mustn't; may 18. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack______be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. can D. should 19. ─ There were already 5 people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. ─It ____a comfortable journey. A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. couldn't have been D. mustn't have been 20. Tom ought not to_____me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling C. having told 21. Everyone is here.______ we start the meeting? A. Can B. Must C. Should D. Shall 22. I parked my car right here but now it's gone. It _______. A. must be stolen B. may be stolen C. must have stolen D. must have been stolen 23. He______the work yesterday, but he didn't. A. must have finished B. need have finished C. finished D. should have finished
2020学年人教版高中英语必修三 Unit1 Festivals around the world Grammar——The usage of Modal Verbs 编写人: 审核：全体英语组编写时间： 【学习目标】学习情态动词的用法： ——can\could, may\might, will\would, shall\should, must\can’t 【学习重点】掌握并使用情态动词 【学习难点】如何在不同的语境中学会使用不同的情态动词 【学法指导】①注意仔细观察所给例句的结构 ②通过反复练习掌握掌握其用法 Learning Procedures: Step1 Lead-in Enjoy a song again and again, and then fill in the blanks using the proper model verbs. I want to be with you There are things that be done That are not yet begun Things that I do When I want to be with you Although we be far apart You be with be in my heart No one else do I just want to be with you I want to be with you you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my love The two of us be one Mother of my son No one else do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _____ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my love Step2 What is Modal Verb? 1.定义：情态动词本身有一定的意义，表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某动 作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要”，“可以”，“必须”，“应当”等意义。【观察思考】Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attetion to the meaning of Modal Verbs. ①You can smoke in the room. 你可以在房间吸烟 ②You must arrive on time. 你必须按时到达 ③We should obey the rules. 我们应该遵守规则 2.基本特点：由以上例句看出： ①情态动词本身都有一定的词义； ②情态动词不能单独在句中充当谓语，必须和实义动词连用； ③情态动词没有人称和数的变化； ④情态动词后接动词原形。 Step3 The usage of modal verbs ——can\could, may\might, will\would, shall\should, must\can’t 【学前准备】Learn the following words about the functions(功能) of modal verbs. ability，advice，agreement，guessing，past habit，request，necessity，permission，possibility，prediction，promise, wish, willingness, determination
高中英语语法之情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义：情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点：1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）。 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。 ; We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2）情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一：They need not have been punished so severely. 3）情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 4）情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词： Still, she needn't have run away. 5）情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间： Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it. | 6）情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be 基本助动词连用：You should have washed the wound. Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel. （三）情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare ③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would) ④具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to ⑤情态动词表猜测 （四）情态动词的基本用法 1. can (could) 1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ ' 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。 He can′t (couldn′t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 3）表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？He can′t (couldn′t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 《 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? I′m afraid we couldn′t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。
The Use of “It “ 1．用作人称代词（可指一般动物和无生命的东西） 1）指前面的名词Where is my dictionary? I can’t find it anywhere. it也可指小孩或不知性别的人The baby on the ground was crying and a woman picked it up. Someone is knocking on the door. Who can it be? 2）指前面的句子Your English is not so good. Have you realized it? 2．用作非人称代词 1）表示时间---What time is it by your watch? ---It is half past ten. 2）表示天气I think it’s going to rain today. 3）表示自然现象It’s early summer now. It is two degrees below zero taday. 4）表示距离It is not far from my home to our school. 3.用作引导词 1)作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词、从句所表示的真正主语；作形式宾语，代替不定式、动 名词、从句所表示的真正宾语。 a.It is a good habit to go to bed and get up early. b.It is no use reading without understanding. c.It is uncertain when we will finish the work. d.They found it difficult to deal with such a problem. e.I think it no use talking to him about that. f.They took it for granted that she would go to their party. 2)构成强调句型强调句型可以对句子中的成分加以强调，用来加强语气，其结构为：It is(was) + 被强调的成分（主语、宾语、状语）+ that(who) ，被强调部分指人时用that或who，不指人时只能用that 。 I saw our English teacher in the street yesterday morning. 强调主语It was I who/tha t saw our English teacher in the street yesterday morning. 强调宾语It was our English teacher who/that I saw in the street yesterday morning. 强调状语It was in the street that I saw our English teacher yesterday morning. 3)其他句式(靠自己积累) a.It was evening when we arrived in the city. b.It is 12 years since we met last..