2007年高三英语语法复习
一．名词
1．. ___ Would you like some more rice?
___ Yes. Just_______.
A. a few
B. few
C. a little
D. little
3．It?s ______ ride from here to the park.
A. ten minutes
B. ten-minutes
C. ten minutes?
D. ten- minute?s
4_______ terrible weather we?ve been having these days.
A. How a
B. What a
C. How
D. What
5．She went to her teacher for _______about her English study.
A. an advice
B. advice
C. advices
D. some advices
6．Mr Smith always has ________ to tell us.
A. some good pieces of news
B. some pieces of good news
C. some good piece of news
D. some piece of good news
7．. She let herself get into a _______before the examination began
A. condition
B. situation C, state D. form
8．You should do more _______.Don?t al ways sit at the desk busy doing your______.
A. exercise; exercises
B. exerciser; exercise
C. exerciser; exercises
D. exercise; exercise
9．Do you know ________we are talki ng about? Come and I?ll tell you.
A. which Mark Twin?s
B. which novel of Mark Twin
C. which novel of Mark Twin?s
D. Mark Twin?s which novel
10 The ___________ are going to fly to Beijing.
A. German
B. Germany
C. Germanys
D. Germans
二．代词
1. The students in Class Two are more interested in the game than ______
In Class three.
A. that
B. this
C. these
D. those
2. ______ do you think will go to shanghai?
A. Whom
B. Who
C. When
D. What
3. Tom taught_______ maths when he was 10 years old.
A. him
B. his
C. he
D. himself
4. The Parkers bought a new house but ______will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. it
B. they
C. one
D. which
5. If you want to change for a double room you?ll have to pay _______$15.
A. another
B. other
C. more
D. each
6. ____ Why didn?t we take a little break?
___ Didn?t we just have__________?
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. this
7．____ Are the new rules working?
___ Yes, ___________ books are stolen.
A. few
B. more
C. some
D. none
8．____ can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
____I?m afraid_________ day is possible.
A. either
B. neither
C. some
D. any
9．I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ________.
A. it
B. those
C. them
D. one
10．She has long been expecting a change to study abroad,
and at last she got _________.
A. one
B. that
C. another
D. it
11．There are several singing stars standing there but ______ are known to me.
A. all
B. no one
C. neither
D. none
12．The teacher asked the children to write on ______line but Tom just wrote very Carelessly ______ lines.
A. other every; few every
B. other every; every a few
C. every other; every few
D. every other; every a few
13．At the filling station, the terrible man shouted at the worker, “Fill_____ up!”
A. this
B. her
C. me
D. that
三．数词、形容词和副词
1．There are about ______ people in my village.
A. two hundred of
B. two hundreds of
C. two hundreds
D. two hundred
2. In _________the old man began to learn English.
A. the 1990s
B. 1990s
C. the 1990
D. the 1990s?
3. ______ of the children in this school are boys.
A. Three-fifth
B. Three- five
C. three-fifths
D. Three-fives
4. Over the river, there?s ________ bridge, which is _________ stone.
A. a 18 metres-long; made from
B. an 18-meters long; made in
C. a 18 metres-long; made up of
D. an 18-metre-long; made of
5 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a __________ car.
A. large German white
B. large white German
C. white large German
D. German large white
6. In the middle of the dinning room stood _______ table, which was rather rare nowadays.
A. a brown wooden old
B. an old wooden brown
C. an old brown wooden
D. a wooden old brown
7.. It is reported that that United States uses__________ energy as the whole of
Europe.
A. as twice
B. twice much
C. twice much as
D. twice as much
8. Mary is the best student in our class. I wonder whether anyone has got______
mark in this examination.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the higher
9. The price of this type of bicycle is ________of all in the shop.
A. by far the most expensive
B. by far the highest
C. the much higher
D. the more expensive
10.. ---- now that you like the house so much, why not buy it?
--- Well, I can?t afford____________ house.
A. that big a
B. a that big
C. that a big
D. a big that
11. That doesn?t sound very frightening, Paul. I?ve seen ________.
What did you like most about the film?
A. better
B. worse
C. best
D. worst
12.. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ the car if I can.
A. other than
B. rather than
C. better than
D. more than
13. It is the test system, _______ the teachers, that is to be blame for the heavy
burden of middle school students nowadays.
A. other than
B. or rather
C. rather than
D. more than
14. This picture is no rare , you can find it at______ bookstore.
A. almost
B. nearly
C. hardly
D. mostly
15. After the flood, the villagers are trying their best to get things back to _______.
A. ordinary
B. normal
C. common
D. usual
16. We had a _____discussion yesterday afternoon.
A. alive B lively C. living D. live
17. It?s always diffic ult for you to do something in a foreign country, _______if
you don?t speak the language.
A. extremely
B. naturally
C. basically
D. especially
18. Don?t take it so______; it was only a joke.
A. seriously
B. serious
C. easy
D. easily
19. I must be leaving ________, so I won?t have another drink.
A.. fast
B. quickly
C. rapidly
D. soon
20. ---How is he getting along with his studies______?
---Very well. He always works _____into the night.
A. late; lately
B. latter; late
C. lately ; late
D. latest; later
四．动词和动词短语
1.What he said _______us much to think about.
A. left
B. kept
C. made
D. let
2.. I?ve stayed in lots of different hotels , but none of them _____this one.
A. makes
B. beats
C. compares
D. matches
3. –I?m sorry to _____you to so m uch trouble.
A. add.
B. take
C. put.
D. give
4. Mary has ______a difficult question to me .
A. asked
B. made up
C. set
D. put
5. She ______much younger than she really is.
A. appears
B. becomes
C. turns
D. grows
6. I know him so well that I can _____his thoughts.
A. study
B. recognize
C. realize
D. read
7.. We are _____to practice spoken English both in and out of class.
A. hoped
B. suggested
C. protected
D. required
8.______ your time and think it over careful before making decision.
A. Spare
B. Save
C. Get
D. Take
9. You are ______ by law to stop you car after an accident.
A. demanded
B. required
C. wanted
D. ordered
10. Important tasks ________ a lot of hard work and take a long
time to complete.
A. call for
B. call on
C. call in
D. call at
11.I?m afraid I?ll have to _____ now. Someone is waiting for me outside.
A. ring back
B. ring out
C. ring off
D. ring up
12.It is not safe to travel by standing at the roadside , hoping to be _______
by passing motorists
A. picked out
B. run over
C. picked up
D. made out
13.. --- I can?t do all these at once.
--- Why not ________ ? We can lend you a hand.
A. put them down
B. turn them up
C. break them up
D. cut them up
14. There was a big rock on the road , which ______ the traffic.
A. set back
B. stood back
C. kept down
D. held up
15.. Though there are some differences in American education and Chinese education,
both systems are _______ excellent graduates.
A. turning out
B. turning away
C. turning off
D. turning in
16.. Under good treatment, Linda is beginning to _____and will soon recover.
A. pick up
B. wake up
C. grow up
D. show up
17.. While we were in the bookstore, we ______some books on farming.
A. picked up
B. picked out
C. set up
D. looked up
18. We have ______new methods to help the disabled people.
A. made out
B. taken out
C. picked out
D. worked out
19. When the right opportunity______, she?ll take it.
A. comes up
B. comes across
C. comes along
D. comes to
20. I don?t ____ rock …n? roll. It?s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after
B. go away with
C. go into
D. go in for
五动词的时态和语态
一、常见的八种时态：
（1）一般现在时：
（2）一般过去时：
（3）一般将来时：
（4）现在进行时：is( am, are) + v.ing
（5）现在完成时; have( has) + v.过去分词
（6）过去进行时：were (was) + v.ing
（7）过去完成时：had +v.过去分词
（8）过去将来时：would +v.原形
二、时态中的重难点：
1．将来时的表达形式：
●Will (shall) + v.：
表示将来将发生的动作或不以人的意志为转移的事
Tomorrow will be Sunday.
Tom will be 20 next year.
●be going to +v.
表示将来将发生的动作，常用于口语中。
I think it is going to rain
●be +v-ing :
表示按计划和安排即将发生的动作，动词用“来去”移动词：go, come,
leave, start, move, arrive, reach, travel, stay, land , drive
The plane is landing soon.
●be to +v.
表示按计划和安排即将发生的动作,或表示命令，受人们的意志所支配，比较正式。
Am I to go with the work?
We are to turn out 10,000 cars next year.
●be about to+v.
表示将来将发生的动作，一般不带表示将来的时间状语。
They are about to leave.
三．进行时表示将来时：
动词用“来去”移动词：go, come,
leave, start, move, arrive, reach, travel, stay, land , drive表示
如：He is leaving for London next week.
四．过去时在语境中的使用：
●过去时在语境中往往表示“刚才；刚刚”，现在已不这样。
如：---Hi, Jack.
---Hi, Helen. I didn’t think you were here too.
表示过去经常发生的动作的used to 和would 的区别:
判断正误：
I used to like chocolate. ( )
When I was a child, I would like chocolate. ( )
I used to be a university student. ( )
I would be a university student. ( )
区别: would表示过去的习惯动作，后跟行为动词，不跟表示状态的动词，往往有时间状语；而used to后跟的动词无限制，无需有时间状语，表示过去发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。
五．某些固定句型中的时态：
（1）It is the first (second) ……time that +现在完成时
It was the first (second)……. time that +过去完成时
（2）It is (has been )+段时间+since + 一般过去时
It was (had been) +段时间+ since + 过去完成时
（3）“ was (were) doing…. + when +一般过去时
表示“正在干……这时（突然）………
（4）Hardly +过去完成时when + 一般过去时
No sooner + 过去完成时than +一般过去时
表示“刚……. 就……..”
六．主动表示被动的情况：
1. The book _______ ( sell) well.
2. The machine ________ ( run ) well.
3. Your composition _______ (read) well.
4. This pen _______( write ) smoothly.
5. This coat ________( wear) well.
6. The roses ________( smell ) well.
7.Cotton ________ ( feel ) soft.
8. Good medicine _______- ( taste ) bitter.
练习：
(A)
1. Whenever I ______ these days, I always carry my raincoat.
A. shall go out
B. am going out
C. would go out
D. go out
2. Once they ______ to do something, you will never hold them back.
A. will make up their mind B will make up their minds
C. made up their mind
D. make up their minds
3. I will be in class at eight, but they _______.
A. don’t
B. won’t
C. aren’t
D. weren’t
4. ________ six years since I began studying English.
A. They have been
B. It is
C. It was
D. There are
5.He said that _______ the earth _______ round the sun.
A. went
B. goes
C. go
D. had gone
6. Mary ______ school last year and is now learning Chinese here.
A. had left
B. has left
C. was leaving
D. left
7. As we all know, heavy objects and light objects ______ at the same speed.
A. fell
B. fall
C. were falling
D. are falling
8.From the 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood ______ the film centre of the world.
A. has been
B. was
C. was being
D. had been
9. He said he would not go with us if it ________.
A. will rain
B. is raining
C. rains
D. rained
10. Do be quiet! I’m trying to hear what the man ________.
A. says
B. is saying
C. has said
D. has been saying
11. What ________ from 9:00 to 11:00 last night?
A. were you doing
B. do you do
C. had you done
D. have you done
12. He said that he ________ all day on Saturday.
A. worked
B. works
C. work
D. was working
13. “ What are you doing under that table?”
“ I ________ to find my pen”
A. tried
B. try
C. have tried
D. am trying
14. There __________- an English evening next Saturday.
A. will have
B. is to have
C. are going to be
D. is going to be
15. “Are Alice and Tom still living in New York?”
“ No, they ________ to London.”
A. are just moved
B. had just moved
C. have just moved
D. will just move
16. “ Would you like to go to the concert tonight?”
“Thanks, but I _______ it already”
A. had seen B have been seeing
C. have seen
D. did see
17. They _______ the Summer Palace three times.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have been
D. have gone into
( B)
1．_______ my sister three times today but her line was always busy.
A. I’d phoned
B. I’ve been phoning
C. I’ve phoned
D. I was phoning
2. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _____ that people
Who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed
B. has shown
C. will show
D. is showing
3. When the old man _____ to walk back to his house, the sun _____
itself behind the mountain.
A. started; had already hidden
B. had started; had already hidden
C. had started; was hiding
D. was starting; hid
4. Father ________ for London on business upon my arrival ,so I didn’t see him.
A. has left
B. left
C. was leaving
D. had left
5. Scientists think that the continents _______ always where they _____ today.
A. aren’t; are
B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t ; are
D. weren’t; were
6. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______ each year.
A. is washing away
B. is being washed away
C. are washing away
D. are being washed away
7. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed down
B. closed down
C. is closing down
D. had closed down
8. ---The window is dirty.
---- I know. It _______ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
9. Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _______ in the last ten minutes.
A. had lost
B. lost
C. were losing
D. would lose
10.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so
rapidly.
A. is changing
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. will change
11. When I met her yesterday, it was the first time we _______ each other since we were at
school.
A. saw
B. had seen
C. were seeing
D. have seen
12. By six o’clock this evening we should _______ to Hong Kong unless the plane delays.
A. have had got
B. get
C. have got
D. gets
13. The old couple have never quarreled with each other though they _______ for fifty
years.
A. have got married
B. married
C. were married
D. have been married
14. ----How did you damage your car so badly?
----- I ran into a tree yesterday.
---- I suppose you _______ too fast.
A. drive
B. had driven
C. drove
D. were driving
15. The plane _______ at 7:00p.m, so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.
A. has left
B. would left
C. will have left
D. leaves
( C) 06年高考题组
1.(全国I)The house belongs to my aunt but she ______ here any more.
A. hasn’t lived
B. didn’t live
C. hadn’t lived
D. doesn’t live
2. （全国I）The water ______ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt
B. is felt
C. felt
D. feels
3.（全国I）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.
A. was happening
B. happens
C. has happened
D. happened
4. （全国II）As you can see, the number of cars on our roads______ rising these days.
A. was keeping
B. keep
C. keeps
D. were keeping
5. What we used to think _______ impossible now does seem possible.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. will be
6. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ____ at the garage.
A. will be repaired
B. is repaired
C. is being repaired
D. has been repaired
7. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He ______ there for a few months and then
went to America.
A. worked
B. would work
C. would be working
D. has been working
8. ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ________.
A. takes off
B. is taking off
C. has taken off
D. took off
9. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _____ off at 18:20.
A. takes
B. took
C. will be taken
D. has taken
10. This machine ______. It hasn’t worked for years.
A. didn’t work
B. wasn’t working
C. doesn’t work
D. isn’t working
11. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to12 have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he ______ home for dinner.
A. come
B. comes
C. has come
D. will come
12. --- Your job ______ open for your return.
--- Thanks.
A. will be kept
B. will keep
C. had kept
D. had been kept
13. --- You look very tired. _______ at all last night?
---- No, not really. I’m tired out now.
A. Do you sleep
B. Were you sleeping
C. Did you sleep
D. Had you slept
14. --- Where did you put the car keys?
---Oh, I remember I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _________ in.
A. remembered ; come
B. remembered ; was coming
C remember ; come D. remember; was coming
六．介词与连词
1. ----What do you think of the meal?
- ---Although some dishes don?t agree ________me, it?s really a mice meal.
A. on
B. to
C. with
D. for
2 The peasants carried stones ________for the construction of the dam.
A. at hand
B. by hand
C. in hand
D. with hand
3. I don?t think you can persuade my father ______ taking a bank loan
to buy the land.
A. about
B. into
C. to
D. on
4. We?re going to the bookstore in John?s car. You can come with us
______ you can meet us there later.
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. then
.5. My uncle is very good _____ me, but he is strict______ me too and always tells me to be strict ______ my study.
A. to; with; in
B. for; with; at
C. for; in; with
D. to; for;
6. ________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
7.. My house is ______,so I can?t move in right now.
A. beyond repair
B. in repair
C. under repair
D. unable to repair
8. --- Won?t you go shopping with your mother?
----_________ she promises to buy me a new sweater.
A. When
B. If
C. Unless
D. whether
9. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _____
I could answer the phone.
A. as
B. since
C. before
D. until
10 . It didn?t take long _______ the wooden building was swallowed by the fire.
A. as
B. after
C. before
D. when
11. Excuse me, _______ where did you buy those shoes.
A. so
B. and
C. yet
D. but
12. He seems too tired today, and I wonder_______ he got a good sleep last night.
A. when
B. that
C. if
D. where
13. Your uncle seems to be a good driver, ______, I wouldn?t dare to
travel in his car.
A. even so
B. even though
C. therefore
D. so
14. Your uncle seems to be a good driver, ______, I wouldn?t dare to
travel in his car.
A. even so
B. even though
C. therefore
D. so
15. It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time.
A. before
B. since
C. after
D. when
16. ---How far apart do they live?
----________ I know, they live in the same neighborhood.
A. As long as
B. As far as
C. As well as
D. As often as
17. .He got to the airport early, ______ missing his plane.
A. in case of
B. instead of
C. for fear of
D. in search of
18.What the man said sounds unbelievable, ________ it is true.
A. yet and
B. and yet
C. and but
D. but and
七．情态动词
1. ---- Why didn?t you come to Mike?s birthday party yesterday?
---= Well, I ________, but I forgot it.
A. Should
B. must
C. should have
D. must have
2. He _______ the job well, but he _______ so careless.
A. had done; had been
B. could do; was
C. could have done; was
D. hadn?t done; had been
3. --- I?m thinking of losing weight these days.
--- oh, you _______ be out of your mind (= crazy ). You?re 50kilograms at the most!
A. will
B. should
C. may
D. must
4. ---- No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat.
--- I know how silly I was.
A. shouldn?t have gone
B. mustn?t have gone
5. You ______ fail to pass the entrance examination if you don?t work harder.
A. shall
B. could
C. must
D. should
6. When I was studying at Beijing University , I ________ take a walk
along the lake every evening.
A. will
B. would
C. could
D. shall
7. It is a surprise that such a small boy _______ swim across
the Qiongzhou Straight.
A. shall
B. should
C. ought to
D. will
8. Look at the dark clouds. You ______ take an umbrella.
A .may B. may as well C. have better D. ought
9. -Will you stay for lunch ?
-Sorry ,_______, My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn't B I can't C I need 't D I won't
10. Don?t let your kid swim alone in this river.
It ______ be very dangerous.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. need
11. Why ____ you always interrupt me?
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. must
12. --- Shall I tell Li Ming about the matter?
--- No, you _______. He has known about it already.
A. oughtn?t to
B. needn?t
C. shouldn?t
D. mustn?t
13..I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ______ report it
to the police?
A. should
B. may
C. will
D. can
14.. Why_____ he come and worry her with question just when she was talking
to the guests ?
A. must B should C could D need
15. -Would you lend me your mobile phone for a use ,mine is out of power now. .
- Certainly , I________.
A. would
B. should
C. will
D. shall
16. -_______I go out to play ,mum ?
-No , you _______.You should do your homework first .
A. Might; wouldn't
B. May ;had better not
C. Must; mustn't
D. Need ;mustn't
17...--- Why aren?t they here yet?
--- They ________ the bus.
A. can have missed
B. must be late for
C. may have missed
D. might be late for
18. Everyone ______ make mistakes in his life .
A can
B is able to
C should
D must
19.. He wants to see you . _______he come in?
A. Will
B. Shall
C. Must
D. Need
20.. -where is Emma?
-I can't say for sure where she is ,but she______ be out shopping .
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
八．非谓语动词
1. If ____the same treatment again ,he is sure to get well.
A giving
B give
C given
D being given
2. ____in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United states.
A. Being found
B. It was found
C. Founded
D. Founding
3.The new machine, if ______ properly, will work for at least ten years.
A. use
B. using
C. being used
D. used
4. ______ the front door _____, he had to enter the room through the back door.
A. Seen; painted
B. Seeing; painted
C. Being seen; being painted
D. Seeing; being painted
5. ________, your composition is full of mistakes.
A. Writing carelessly
B. Written carelessly
C. Having written carelessly
D. Being written carelessly6
6. The old man walked in the street, ___________.
A. followed by his son.
B. followed his son
C. and following his son
D. and following by his son
7. Did a man __________ Wang Lin ring up for me this morning?
A. call
B. called
C. calls d. calling
8. Without__________ , the thief stole into the house.
A. seeing
B. being seen
C. seen
D. not being seen
9. __________ as the best one in the city, the factory was given a medal.
A. Regarding b. Regarded C. To regard D. Regard
10．The murderer was brought in, with his hands__________ behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
11．Weather _______, we?ll go to the Great Wall
A. permits
B. permitted
C. permitted
D. permit 12．Strictly ________ , he is not fit for the job.
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. to speak
D. to be spoken
13．He ran into the room with his face _______ with sweat.
A. covering b. being covered C. to cover D. covered
14. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door________ “Sorry to
miss you; will you call later.”
A. read
B. reads
C. to read
D. reading
15．________ what the man reported, some succeed in stopping them from polluting the river.
A. Judging from
B. Judged from
C. Judge from
D. Judged by 16．_______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing
B. Having lost
C. Lost
D. To lost
17. Without__________ , the thief stole into the house.
A. seeing
B. being seen
C. seen
D. not being seen
18．. Mr Smith warned her daughter _______ after drinking.
A. never to drive
B. to never drive
C. never driving
D. never drive
19.．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
20 The missing boys were last seen ________ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
21．“Can?t you read?” Mary said __________ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing
B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed
D. and angrily pointing
22. Nobody enjoys _________ in public.
A. laughing at
B. to be laughed at
C. being laughed at
D. being laughed
23. Jack was surprised to see me _______ at the end of the classroom.
A. seated
B. seating
C. seat
D. sat
24. He made another window _____more air .
A get
B getting
C to get
D be getting
25. Now teachers, ______ with children who have been developing at their pace for
the past years, are realizing that they?re made a terrible mistake.
A. facing
B. to face
C. having faced
D. faced
非谓语动词归纳如下：
不定式
1不定式的基本形式:to + 动词原形
2．不定式的否定形式:not/ never + 不定式
3．不定式的时态和语态形式: （见表格）
一．不定式的时态和语态的使用
1一般式：例：I saw her enter the room.
2完成式：例：I?m sorry to have kept you waiting so long..
特例：would/ should like to + 不定式的完成式
Would / should love to + 不定式的完成式
表示“本来想做……..”
例：I would like to have come to your evening party, but I happened
to be on business.
3.进行式例The two men pretended to be working hard.
4.被动式He was the only man to have been praised at the meeting .
二．不定式作用：在句中作主语，宾语，宾补，表语，定语，和状语。
请判断下列不定式的作用：
1．To use a short –wave radio is necessary.
2．It is impossible to buy English tapes in this town.
3．It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.
4．Waving one?s hand is to say” Goodbye”.
5．They don?t like to be too close to one another.
6．They found it hard to learn Chinese.
7．Allow me to introduce myself to you,
8．I?ll make you understand what I’ve said.
9．Did you see him come in?
10. She is often heard to sing the song.
11 The boy was seen to climb the wall by me.
12. I have a lot of invitations to send out.
13.She is the last to come.
14. Please give me a piece of paper to write on.
15. Learn from past mistakes to avoid future ones.
16. He listens attentively in order not to miss a single word.
17. He was too excited to say a single word
18. She wanted to do a good deed only to be scolded by the teacher.
19. We are proud to be Chinese.
20. My question is when to start.
动名词：( v. +ing )
1否定式：not + v.ing
2在以下情况下使用动名词：
(1)。介词后+ 动名词( v.ing):
be/get used to, lead to , pay attention to, devote to, listen to refer to , get down to, look forward to, see to object to stick to,, turn to ( to 为介词)
例He spent much time in _____( study) his lesson.
We are looking forward to ______(serve) you again.
(2). 固定句型doing为动名词
It’s no use doing……
It’s no good doing……
It’s a waste of time doing……
?例It’s a waste of time _______(argue) with him.
?It’s no good ______( say) like that.
(3) . Want, need, require 后接动名词
want( need, require) +doing
= want ( need, require) + to be done
例This sentence needs __________
A. to explain
B. explain
C. explaining
D. explained
(4). 下列动词后，用动名词
suggest, enjoy , practice, conside(考虑）, finish, risk, advise, escape，
mind, imagine, keep
（5）be worth doing sth. = be worthy to be done
= be worthy of being done. 值得做……
例The book is worth _________________( read).
The book is worthy of ________________( read)
(6) can not help doing sth. 情不自禁做……
现在分词
1否定式：not + v.ing
Not knowing how to do it , I turned to him for advice.
2. 现在分词的时态和语态形式（见表格）
例一般式：Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
完成式Not having received his answer,I wrote him again.
被动式Having been shown the labs, we were taken to see the library.
3 现在分词的作用：作定语，状语，表语，宾补
请判断下列现在分词的作用：
(1). The man standing by the window is our teacher.
(2) Look! The girl singing is Alice and the one dancing is Mary.
(3).Not knowing his address, I couldn?t fine his house.
(4). Seeing those pictures , he couldn?t help thinking of those days in the countryside.
(5). The dog was standing at the gate, barking.
(6) Her husband died two years ago, leaving her with two children.
(7). The news is inspiring
(8) We saw the teacher making the experiment.
过去分词
1．否定式：not +过去分词
Not supported by the people, they were defeated
2. 过去分词的作用：作定语，状语，表语，宾补, 主补
请判断下列过去分词的作用：
(1). The cup is broken.
(2) She looked disappointed.
(3) You must get your watch repaired.
(4). The door was seen locked.
(5) You?d better make yourself known.j
(6) When I first came to New York, I had a lot of trouble making
myself understood.
(7) Polluted air and water are harmful to people?s health.
(8) This is the factory built in the 1990s
(9). Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
(10). She walked out of the house, followed by her students.
3. when/ while/ though/ unless/ as if/ + 现在分词或过去分词
例He enjoyed music while working
If bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.
I won?t attend her birthday party unless ( I am ) invited.
注意：
当现在分词和过去分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语一致时，才能用上面形式
4．Have/ get sth. done 叫别人做某事: I?ll have my watch repaired have sb. do sth. 使某人做了某事
have sb. doing sth. 使某人正在做某事
5．使役动词：have , let, make
主动式：A have ( let, make ) B + do sth
被动式：B be had( let, made )to do sth.
6. 感观动词：
主动式： A see ( feel, notice, watch, hear ) B + do sth. / doing sth.
被动式：B be seen (felt, noticed, watched, heard) + to do sth./ doing sth.
7. make + oneself +过去分词
(过去分词主要有heard, known, understood, noticed, believed)
例There was such a noise that he couldn?t make himself heard.
非谓语动词的句法功能比较
1.不定式和V.-ing 作主语的比较
V.-ing 作主语表示泛指某种行为，活动；不定式作主语表示特定的
某一次行为或活动，尤其是将来的行为。
Seeing is believing.
To refuse him is not easy this time.
2不定式, V.-ing 和过去分词作表语的比较
T he news was exciting. (现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，性质) This window is broken. (过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。)
To see is to believe （不定式作表语表示表示特定的
某一次行为或活动，尤其是将来的行为。）
3．现在分词和过去分词的区别：
现在分词表示主动；表示正在进行的动作
过去分词表示被动；表示已经完成的动作。
例I found him doing his homework.
The teacher found the composition written in very poor English.
4.不定式, V.-ing 和过去分词作定语的比较
He has two letters to write.
a waiting car
a sleeping car
a writing table
a developing country
a developed country
boiled water
fallen leaves
a surprised man
注意：
不定式作定语常指未来的动作。
V.-ing作定语表示正在进行的动作，表示主动
过去分词作定语表示已经完成的动作，表示被动
5．有些动词，后接不定式或V.-ing，其意义不同：
remember to do sth. stop to do th.
remember doing sth. stop doning
forget to do sth. try to do sth.
forget doing sth. try doing sth.
regret to do sth. can’t help ( to ) do
regret doing sth. can’t help doing
mean to do sth. mean doing sth.
6. 表示心理活动的动词，如：astonish, delight, disappoint, encourage,
excite, frighten, inspire, interest, move, puzzle, surprise, tire, worry ect. 如果它们的逻辑主语是事物，常用动词+ ing，表示“令人有某种感觉”
如果它们的逻辑主语是人，常用过去分词，表示“人对。。。有某种感觉”
例The news was exciting.
This is an interesting book.
The star?s absence was disappointing.
The excited people rushed into the building.
Robinson looked at the footprints in the sand, puzzled.
7. 表示人的思想情感的名词，如：expression( 表情) , eyes ( 眼神)
face( 脸色), look( 神态表情)，tears( 眼泪), 这些词的前面用过去分词。
a worried look a puzzled expression
8.逻辑主语：
非谓语动词意思上的主语叫逻辑主语：
请判断下面非谓语动词的逻辑主语：
The work was tiring .
She doesn?t like to be laughed at.
Walking in the street , I saw her.
I know the man standing there.
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
The man invited to the party is scientist.
I saw a girl running to me.
I?ll have my hair cut.
10．主语补足语：
The car was seen to stop.
We were made to wait for two hour s.
注意：感观动词和使役动词的被动结构带有主补
感观动词被动式：B be seen (felt, noticed, watched, heard) + to do sth.
使役动词被动式：B be had( let, made )to do sth.
11．独立主格结构
构成：独立主格（名词或代词）+ 分词/ 形容词/ 不定式/ 介词短语/ 副词
在句中相当状语从句，表示方式，伴随状况，有时表示时间，原因，条件。
请观察以下独立主格结构
The job done, we went home.
The meeting over, we left the room..
He hearing the good news, tears came into his eyes.
The key having been lost, she could not enter the room.
Time permitting , we?ll visit the Summer Palace.
Everything being ready, the meeting may begin.
但，有的分词短语可以独立存在，在句中没有逻辑的主语。
Generally speaking, this book isn?t very difficult.
Judging from what you say, he has done a very good job.
九．虚拟语气
虚拟语气归纳如下：
1．虚拟语气的现在式：表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时，
主句的谓语动词用“should/ would/ could/ might + 动词原行。
2．虚拟语气的过去式：表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词通常用“ had + 过去分词”，
主句的谓语动词用“would / should/could/might have+ 过去分”.
3. 虚拟语气的将来式：表示一种将来实现的可能性不大的假设，从句中的谓语动词通常用
were to +动词原行或should +动词原行, 主句的谓语动词用should/ would/
could/ might + 动词原行。
3．当虚拟条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作在时间上不一致时，谓语动词应根据表示的时间而采取相应的形式。
4．当句中的介词短语表示表示的是一种假设的情况时，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
5．当句中的分词短语表示的是一种假设的情况时，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
6．Otherwise, or ,or else 引导的并列句常用来表示假设的情况，此时Otherwise 等词引导的句子的谓语动词用虚拟语气。
7．Necessary, essential, important, advisable, appropriate等形容词常用于“It is + 形容词+ that…”
结构，其中that引导的主语从句的谓语用“should +动词原行”。
8．由proposal, suggestion, advice decision, demand 等表示建议，要求等的名词引导的表示的表语或同
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
高考英语语法题复习指导 目录 高考英语语法题复习指导 (3) 关于我 (3) 高考语法考题中最核心的6个语法考点 (3) 高考语法考题中的其他考点 (3) 第一节动词的时态语态 (3) “9+3”时态总结 (3) 9种核心时态的被动语态 (4) 被动语态举例 (5) 动词的时态语态解题步骤 (6) 现在完成时中常见时间副词 (6) 两个重要的完成时“信号” (6) 三组高考易混时态的对比 (6) 主动形式表示被动 (7) 不能用完成时的常见点动词： (8) 高考真题讲解（动词的时态语态） (8) 第二节非谓语动词 (21) 非谓语动词(不是谓语的动词)分类： (21) 中文与英语在句子上最大的差别： (21) 非谓语动词解题步骤： (21) 高考真题讲解（非谓语动词） (24) 第三节情态动词和虚拟语气 (34) 情态动词的四种情况总结 (34) 虚拟语气 (36) 三大从句高考考点串讲 (42) 句子的分类 (42) 第四节定语从句 (42) 定语从句解题步骤 (42) 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 (44) 高考真题讲解（定语从句） (44) 第五节名词性从句 (49) 主语从句 (49) 宾语从句 (49) 同位语从句 (50)
高考真题讲解（名词性从句） (50) 第六节状语从句 (54) 表示时间的状语从句 (55) 表示地点的状语从句 (56) 表示原因的状语从句 (56) 表示条件的状语从句 (57) 表示目的、结果的状语从句 (58) 表示让步的状语从句 (58) 高考真题讲解（状语从句） (58) 第六节高考语法考题中的其他考点 (64) 形容词副词，比较级/最高级 (64) 介词 (66) 代词用法 (67) 冠词 (69) 词义辨析 (71) 特殊句型 (72) 交际用语 (74)
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高中英语语法讲义——名词 名词的数 单数名词变复数名词的常用法则 （1）一般情况直接加-s, 如：books, trees. （2）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的加-es, 如：glasses, boxes, watches, brushes. （3）以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词把-y改为-i再加-es. 如：stories, countries. （4）以-o结尾的常在词尾加-s，但中学英语中下列名词要加-es, 它们是：黑人英雄 ．．中吃土豆 ．．、西． ．．．．在回声 红柿 ．．，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes. 下列以-o结尾的名词既可加-es, 也可加-s,它们是：zeros (zeroes)零, mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子, volcanos (volcanoes) 火山。 （5）以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时一般直接加-s，但下列名词需把f或fe去掉，加-ves，它们是：为 了自己 ．．和一片树叶 ．．上，把狼．劈成了两半．，即：selves, lives, ．．．．站在架子 ．．手里拿着刀子 ．．和他的妻子 ．．活命．，小偷 thieves, wives, knives, loaves, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves. 但下列以-f结尾的名词既可变f为v后加-es，也可直接在f后加-s，它们是：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves)手帕，scarfs (scarves)围巾。 （6）合成名词变复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。如sons-in-law女婿；passers-by过路人；storytellers讲故事的人；housewives家庭主妇。（7）“man/ woman+ n.”变复数时，作定语的man/ woman和中心词都要变复数。 men teachers男老师women engineers女工程师 （8）不规则复数形式 ①变内部元音 foot-feet man-men woman-women tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese gentleman-gentlemen ②单复数同形的名词 sheep deer spacecraft太空船 aircraft飞行器Chinese Japanese
高三语法专题总结 序号课题课时教学要求 冠词 3 1.熟知冠词的基本用法、习语和固定搭配 2.掌握冠词的一些灵活用法和特殊用法 1.冠词的基本用法 1 冠词的泛指、特指、类指、专指 2.冠词的习惯用法 1 1.定冠词的习惯用法 2.不定冠词的习惯用法 3.零冠词的习惯用法 3.冠词的活用 1 1.被具体化的抽象名词前的冠词用法 2.被普通化的专有名词前的冠词用法 3.形容词比较级、最高级和序数词前的冠词活用 高考重点冠词的基本用法及冠词的习惯用法 高考难点冠词的活用 专题二代词 3 熟练掌握不定代词、反身代词、指示代词、人称代词 以及it的灵活运用 1、不定代词 1 1、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法 2、one，ones, the one,that,those的用法 3、one，another, the other, some ,others, the others的用法 4、复合不定代词及其他不定代词 2、反身代词 1 1、反身代词的基本用法 2、与反身代词构成的介词短语 3、与反身代词构成的动词短语 3、指示代词、人称代词和it的用法1 1、指示代词、人称代词的基本用法 2、It的用法 高考难点语境的真实性和复杂性、语义较丰语法复杂的不定代词的考查 专题三形容词和副词 2 了解形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法及常用句 型 1、形容词、副词的基 1 1、形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法
本用法2、对形容词、副词顺序的考查 2、形容词、副词的辨 析 1 在语境中学会形容词副词的用法 高考难点对于形容词副词比较等级的考查倾向于“淡化语法，注重深层语义的特点” 专题四语义辨析（名词、介词 及介词短语）3 1、在真实语境中能恰当的使用意义相近的介词，掌 握表示时间及空间的介词的用法 2、在语境中能恰当的使用介词的一些习惯用法和 介词与名词的固定搭配 1、名词辨析 1 1、名词的数和名词所有格的用法 2、名词的句法功能，尤其是名词作定语的用法 2、介词辨析 1 1、表示方位的介词 2、表示时间的介词 3、表示工具、手段、方式的介词 4、表原因、目的的介词 5、易混介词辨析 3.介词短语解析 1 1、与名词构成的介词短语 2、与某些形容词固定搭配的介词 高考难点介词短语的辨析，题干结构复杂 专题五动词和动词词组 2 1、掌握动词的及物和不及物性 2、掌握被动形式中英汉表达的不同 3、掌握感官动词作系动词：feel/look/sound 1、动词辨析 1 考纲中出现的动词及动词辨析 2、动词词组辨析 1 考纲中动词词组及辨析 高考难点同义词及词组辨析 专题六动词的时态及语态 2 1.建立“时”和“体”的概念 2.掌握一般将来时的各种形式及区别 3.掌握易混时态的用法：一般过去时和现在完成时 的区别 4.掌握各种时态的被动语态形式
学员编号：年级：高三课时数： 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师： 授课类型时态和语态 授课日期及时段 教学内容 上海高考考点分析——时态语态 考情分析 五年考情分析—时态语态 时间2009年2010年2011年2012年2013年占分2分2分2分2分2分题号第27、29题第26、30题第31、34题第26、30题第27、29题 考点过去完成时、 过去进行时的 被动语态 一般现在时、 现在进行时的 被动语态 过去将来时、一 般过去时的被 动语态 将来完成时、一 般现在时的被 动语态 过去完成时、 现在完成时的 被动语态 考点解读1、思维导图 动词时态语态 现在 过去 将来 一般现在时：do/does (is/am/are+表语) 现在进行时：am/is/are doing 现在完成时：have/has done 一般过去时：did(was/were+表语) 过去进行时：was/were+doing 过去完成时：had done 一般将来时：will do或 am/is/are+going to do 过去将来时：would do (was/ were going to do) 将来进行时：will be doing 被动语态 被动语态 被动语态 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done was/were done 被动语态 被动语态 was/were being done 被动语态 had been done 被动语态 被动语态 will/ shall be done would/ should be done 不在高考考查范围内 现在完成进行时:have/ has been doing 被动语态 / 不要忘了情态动词的被动语 态：情态动词+be+done
广东高考英语语法填空专题训练语法填空（每篇共10小题；每小题1.5分，每篇满分15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空， 并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1—10的相应位置。 Passage (1) Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads. So 1 do people travel those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway or bus 2 you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 3 (share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 4 （importance）, less pollution. Which of the types of mass transit 5 (describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine what a bus 6 (two) the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors). Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not 7 (common) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the 8 (ride) on the roof tap（敲击）when they want to be dropped off. Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other 9 (neighbor). Both the Japanese and French have developed High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America average 130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, 10 (average) over 270 kph! Passage (2) Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships 1 (belong) to some European nations in the seventeenth century. These nations were 2 (little) interested in changing it into a colony than in 3 (explore) it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English 4 set up the settlements in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich 5 soil. It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward 6 (move) took place 7 because the English were searching for better land than the population was increasing. Settlements of the west part of both countries developed quickly after gold 8 (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some 9 (strike) differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, 10 (like) the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States. Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 ）巩固练习 重点题型（ 常考知识点 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up.他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods,where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman,)was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that 关系副词：when,where,why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1.This is our school.It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2.This is our school.W e study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3.Do you know the r oom?It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. →I have r ead the newsp aper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格。 1.A plane is a machine t hat can fly. the machine=that 2.The boy who brok e the window is called Wangkai. the boy=who 3.The boy whose p arents are working outside was b r oug ht up by his grandfather. the boy’s=whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin.
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法总复习(共15个专题附练习及答案) 语法复习专题一——名词.①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。 如：一、考点聚焦抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）1.可数名词单、复数变化形式in surprise 惊讶地a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事（1）规则变化。 win success 获得成功a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)①单数名词词尾直接加-s。 如：boy — boys, pen — pens。 win honor 赢得荣誉an honor 一个(件)引以为荣的(事)①以 s、x 、ch 、sh 结尾的单词一般加-es。 如：glass —glasses,box—boxes,Failure(失败)is the mother of successa failure 失败者watch —watches, brush —brushes。 失败是成功之母。 特例：stomach — stomaches。 by experience 靠经验an experience 一次经历①以”辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。 如：youth 青春a youth 一个青年人baby — babies, lady —ladies, fly — flies。 have pity on sb.怜悯某人a pity 可惜的事情①以“o”结尾的多数加-es。 1/ 146
语法：是一门研究英语语言构成规律的学科。 词 法 ———— 语法 ————句法 简单句：在句子中只包含一套主谓结构。 并列句：通常由一个连词连接的并列的句子。 复合句：〖大句套小句〗 一气：虚拟语气 二词：非谓语动词、情态动词 三句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句 语法 非谓语动词 一、 在句中不能作谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词 二、 啥样呢？ 1. 不定式：To do 2. 动名词：Doing 3. 分词：Done Eg1. The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue. 围绕着群岛的海洋是深蓝色的 Eg2. My mother ordered the homework to be done. ☆☆非谓语动词的宾补，其逻辑主语为前面宾语 ▲ 方法一：口诀法 非谓语，三要点。 句法 目 的 结 构 形容词 名词 数词 代词 动词 介词 副词 感叹词 冠词 连词 陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 简单句 复合句 并列句 时态、语态 非谓语动词 情态动词 词法 名词性从句 状语从句 定语从句
变否定，NOT 前。 哼哈将，时逻关。 七仙女，记心间。 （一） 变否定 （二） 哼哈将 1.动词不定式 主动关系 被动关系 一般式 To do To be done 完成式 To have done To have been done 进行式 To be doing (To be being done) 完成进行式 To have being doing (To have been being done) ▲ 一般式：不定式的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 ▲ 完成式：不定时动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg3. Jay Chou taught us to sing 黄河大合唱 last night. ▲ 进行式：不定时的动作和谓语动词动作同时正在进行 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg4. When his mother entered, the boy pretended to be sleeping. ▲ 完成进行式：不定时的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，一直持续到谓语动词动作，到谓 语动词动作为止。不定时的动作有可能刚刚结束，还有可能继续延续下去。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg5. Mr. Zhong is said to have been working as a teacher for 10 years. 时间关系 逻辑关系 B B B B B B B B
高中英语语法讲义————特殊句式 倒装句 通常句式为自然语序“主语+谓语”，有时为了强调句子的某一部分，或者出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒，就形成了倒装。分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装。 一.完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用进行时。 1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语。如：here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall等置于句首。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrella. Then followed three days of heavy rain. Out rushed the children laughing loudly. Away flew the plane. 2.such 位于句首。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest sci entist. 注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 二．部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语之前 1.so+ be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语，意为“...也是如此”。 They love making lots of friends; so do I. 2.neither/nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为“...也不这样”。 Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy. 3.否定词never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。 Not a single mistake did he make. =He di dn’t make a single mistake. 4.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only then did I begin to understand him. Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only if you work hard will you be admitted to a top university. 5.so...that...和such...that...句式中，so或such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood Such progress did he make that he won much respect. 三．形式倒装：在语法上称为前置。只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。 1.感叹句 What an interesting talk they had! =How interesting a talk they had! 2.the+比较级.....,the +比较级.....句型 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 3.whatever+ n.或however+ adj./adv.引导的让步状语从句 Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise. However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening. 4,as / though引导让步状从，表语、状语、含情态动词的谓语提前，表语为单数名词提前不用冠词。 Young as /though he was, he was successful. Child as /though he is, he knows much.