2.约翰那什
约翰·纳什生于1928年6月13日。父亲是电子工程师与教师，第一次世界大战的老兵。纳什小时孤独内向，虽然父母对他照顾有加，但老师认为他不合群不善社交。纳什的数学天分大约在14岁开始展现。他在普林斯顿大学读博士时刚刚二十出头，但他的一篇关于非合作博弈的博士论文和其他相关文章，确立了他博弈论大师的地位。在20世纪50年代末，他已是闻名世界的科学家了。
然而，正当他的事业如日中天的时候，30岁的纳什得了严重的精神分裂症。他的妻子艾利西亚———麻省理工学院物理系毕业生，表现出钢铁一般的意志：她挺过了丈夫被禁闭治疗、孤立无援的日子，走过了惟一儿子同样罹患精神分裂症的震惊与哀伤……漫长的半个世纪之后，她的耐心和毅力终于创下了了不起的奇迹：和她的儿子一样，纳什教授渐渐康复，并在1994年获得诺贝尔奖经济学奖。
如今，纳什已经基本恢复正常，并重新开始科学研究。他现在是普林斯顿大学数学教授，但已经不再任教。学校经济学系经常会举办有关博弈论的论坛，纳什有时候会参加，但是他几乎从不发言，每次都是静静地来，静静地走。John Nash(1928-)
When the young Nash had applied to graduate school at Princeton in 1948, his old Carnegie Tech professor, R.J. Duffin, wrote only one line on his letter of recommendation: "This man is a genius". It was at Princeton that Nash encountered the theory of games, then recently launched by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern. However, they had only managed to solve non-cooperative games in the case of "pure rivalries" (i.e. zero-sum). The young Nash turned to rivalries with mutual gain. His trick was the use of best-response functions and a recent theorem that had just emerged - Kakutani's fixed point-theorem. His main result, the "Nash Equilibrium", was published in 1950 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. He followed this up with a paper which introduced yet another solution concept - this time for two-person cooperative games - the "Nash Bargaining Solution" (NBS) in 1950. A 1951 paper attached his name to yet another side of economics - this time, the "Nash Programme", reflecting his methodological call for the reduction of all cooperative games into a non-cooperative framework.
His contributions to mathematics were no less remarkable. As an undergraduate, he had inadvertently (and independently) proved Brouwer's fixed point theorem. Later on, he went on to break one of Riemann's most perplexing mathematical conundrums. From then on, Nash provided breakthrough after breakthrough in mathematics. In 1958, on the threshold of his career, Nash got struck by paranoid schizophrenia. He lost his job at M.I.T. in 1959 (he had been tenured there in 1958 - at the age of 29) and was virtually incapicated by the disease for the next two decades or so. He roamed about Europe and America, finally,
returning to Princeton where he became a sad, ghostly character on the campus - "the Phantom of Fine Hall" as Rebecca Goldstein described him in her novel, Mind-Body Problem. The disease began to evaporate in the early 1970s and Nash began to gradually to return to his work in mathematics. However, Nash himself associated his madness with his living on an "ultralogical" plane, "breathing air too rare" for most mortals, and if being "cured" meant he could no longer do any original work at that level, then, Nash argued, a remission might not be worthwhile in the end. As John Dryden once put it:
Great wits are sure to madness near allied, And thin partitions do their bounds divide.
Key words: economist illness Nobel price winner
3.法拉第，迈克尔
法拉第(1791 -- 1867)是英国物理学家、化学家，也是著名的自学成才的科学家。1791年9月22日萨里郡纽因顿一个贫苦铁匠家庭。因家庭贫困仅上过几年小学，13岁时便在一家书店里当学徒。书店的工作使他有机会读到许多科学书籍。在送报、装订等工作之余，自学化学和电学，并动手做简单的实验，验证书上的内容。利用业余时间参加市哲学学会的学习活动，听自然哲学讲演，因而受到了自然科学的基础教育。由于他爱好科学研究，专心致志，受到英国化学家戴维的赏识，1813年3月由戴维举荐到皇家研究所任实验室助手。这是法拉第一生的转折点，从此他踏上了献身科学研究的道路。同年10月戴维到欧洲大陆作科学考察，讲学，法拉第作为他的秘书、助手随同前往。历时一年半，先后经过法国、瑞士、意大利、德国、比利时、荷兰等国，结识了安培、盖.吕萨克等著名学者。沿途法拉第协助戴维做了许多化学实验，这大大丰富了他的科学知识，增长了实验才干，为他后来开展独立的科学研究奠定了基础。法拉第主要从事电学、磁学、磁光学、电化学方面的研究，他关于磁生电的跨时代的伟大发现，使人类掌握了电磁运动相互转变以及机械能和电能相互转变的方法，成为现代发电机、电动机、变压器技术的基础。
法拉第能够这样坚持10年矢志不渝地探索电磁感应现象，重要原因之一是同他关于各种自然力的统一和转化的思想密切相关的，他始终坚信自然界各种不同现象之间有着无限多的联系。也是在这一思想的指导下，他继续研究当时已知的伏打电池的电、摩擦电、温差电、伽伐尼电、电磁感应电等各种电的同一性，1832年他发表了〈不同来源的电的同一性〉论文，用大量实验论证了“不管电的来源如何，它的本性都相同”的结论，从而扫除了人们在电的本性问题认识上的种种迷雾
Faraday, Michael 1791 -- 1867
Physicist and chemist. Born September 22, 1791, in Newington, Surrey. The family soon moved to London, where young Michael, one of 10 children, picked up the rudiments of reading, writing, and arithmetic. At the age of 14, he was apprenticed to a bookbinder and
bookseller. He read ravenously and attended public lectures, including some by Sir Humphry Davy. Faraday's career began when Davy, temporarily blinded in a laboratory accident, appointed Faraday as his assistant at the Royal Institution. With Davy as a teacher in analytical chemistry, Faraday advanced in his scientific apprenticeship and began independent chemical studies. By 1825, he discovered benzene and had become the first to describe compounds of chlorine and carbon. He adopted the atomic theory to explain that chemical qualities were the result of attraction and repulsion between united atoms. This proved to be the theoretical foundation for much of his future work.
Faraday had already done some work in magnetism and electricity, and it was in this field that he made his most outstanding contributions. His first triumph came when he found a solution to the problem of producing continuous rotation by use of electric current, thus making electric motors possible. Hans Oersted had discovered the magnetic effect of a current, but Faraday grasped the fact that a conductor at rest and a steady magnetic field do not interact and that to get an induced current either the conductor or the field has to move. On August 29, 1831, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.
During the next 10 years, Faraday explored and expanded the field of electricity. In 1834, he announced his famous two laws of electrolysis. Briefly, they state that for any given amount of electrical force in an electrochemical cell, chemical substances are released at the electrodes in the ratio of their chemical equivalents. He also invented the voltammeter, a device for measuring electrical charges, which was the first step toward the later standardization of electrical quantities. Faraday continued to work in his laboratory, but his health began to deteriorate and he had to stop work entirely in 1841. Almost miraculously, however, his health later improved and he resumed work in 1844. He began a search for an interaction between magnetism and light and in 1845 turned his attention from electrostatics to electromagnetism. He discovered that an intense magnetic field could rotate the plane of polarized light, a phenomenon known today as the Faraday effect. In conjunction with these experiments, he showed that all matter conducts the magnetic line of force. Objects that were good conductors he called paramagnetics, while those that conducted the force poorly he named diamagnetics. Thus, the energy of a magnet is in the space around it, not in the magnet itself. This is the fundamental idea of the field theory.
Faraday was a brilliant lecturer, and through his public lectures he did a great deal to popularize science. Shortly after he became head of the Royal Institution in 1825, he inaugurated the custom of giving a series of lectures for young people during the Christmas season. This tradition has been maintained, and over the years the series have frequently been the basis for fascinating, simply written, and informative books. Faraday died in
London on August 25, 1867. The admiration of physicists for Faraday has been demonstrated by naming the unit of capacitance the farad and a unit of charge, the faraday. No other man has been doubly honored in this way. His name also appears frequently in connection with effects, laws, and apparatus. These honors are proper tribute to the man who was possibly the greatest experimentalist who ever lived.
Key words: physicist chemist
4.莱特兄弟
莱特兄弟是美国飞机发明家，航空先驱者。1903年成功地进行了第一架可操纵的动力飞机的持续飞行，1905年制造和飞行了第一架实用的飞机。
1867年4月16日，维尔伯·赖特出生于印第安纳米尔维尔。1871年8月19日，奥维尔·赖特出生于美国俄亥俄代顿。主教之子。早年主要靠自学设计和制造印刷机械和自行车。维尔伯产生动力飞行的想法是受O.利林塔尔的影响。通过观察鹰在空中保持平衡的情况，1899年维尔伯认识到飞机要能飞行，必须能绕3个轴转动即能向两侧倾斜，能升降，能向左右转弯。1899年莱特兄弟制造第一架双翼机时安装了机械扭曲机翼，即在一侧机翼升力增加的同时，另一侧机翼升力减小，由此操纵飞机压坡度转弯或由滚转改为平飞。他们的功绩除了完成有动力的飞机飞行外，绕3个轴操纵飞机是他们对空气动力学和飞行方面的主要贡献。为了实现动力飞行，他们决定先掌握滑翔飞行技术。1900年—— 1902年制造3架双翼滑翔机并作了飞行。最后一架滑翔机有升降舵、方向舵和扭曲机翼。他们制造滑翔机时进行了大量理论工作和实验工作，包括风洞试验。他们还设计和制造了实现动力飞行所必需的螺旋桨和轻型发动机。1903年人类历史上第一架有动力装置的飞机“飞行家”1号制造成功，12月17日凌晨该机从平地起飞。第一次飞行12秒，最后一次59秒，飞行距离260米。1904年“飞行家”2号飞行成功。1905年制造的“飞行家”3号是世界上第一架实用的飞机，能转弯、倾斜、做圆圈飞行和8字飞行，续航时间超过半小时。1905年10月16日至1908年5月6日，因财政拮据，莱特兄弟未进行过一次飞行。1908年维尔伯在法国作飞行表演，5个月内飞行100多次，总飞行时间超过25小时，其中约60次带乘客飞行，有7次飞行时间超过1小时，最后一次飞行时间达2小时20分。与此同时奥维尔也在美国作轰动一时的表演飞行，并为美国陆军制造了世界上第一架军用飞机。1909年之前，世界航空可说在莱特兄弟统治之下，他们同时在欧洲和美国制造飞机。
The Wright Brothers (Wilbur and Orville)
Aviation pioneers, inventors. Wilbur was born near Millville, Indiana, and Orville (1871--1958) was born in Dayton, Ohio. The sons of a minister of the United Brethren Church, the Wright brothers showed mechanical genius from boyhood, although neither graduated from high school. In 1892 they opened a bicycle sales and repair shop in Dayton and soon were making and selling their own bicycles. Reading about experiments with
gliders spurred their interest in flight, and they built their first glider in 1899, a biplane kite with wings that could be twisted mechanically. The brothers made their first trip to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1900 to conduct glider experiments on the sand hills there.
Back in Dayton they built the first wind tunnel and prepared their own tables of
lift-pressures for various wing surfaces and wind speeds. They also built a powerful
four-cylinder engine and an efficient propeller, and in September 1903 they returned to Kitty Hawk. Bad weather delayed the testing of this aircraft until December 17, 1903, when Orville piloted it on a flight of 12 seconds and 120 feet; Wilbur flew later in the day, staying aloft for 59 seconds to cover 852 feet. The brothers built two sturdier, more reliable planes over the next two years and in 1906 received a U.S. patent for a powered aircraft. Initially they sold their plane to the British and French governments, but in 1908 the U.S. War Department contracted for a Wright flying machine for the army. In 1909 they formed the American Wright Company and proceeded to manufacture their improved planes and to train pilots.
Wilbur, a bachelor as was his brother, died of typhoid in May 1912. In 1915, Orville - who had continued to test fly all his planes - retired from the aircraft manufacturing business to pursue his own research interests. During World I he accepted a commission as a major to serve as a consultant to the army air service and he served for many years on the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.
Key words: inventor
5.贝尔(1847～1942 )
“我知道命运掌握在我自己的手中，我知道巨大的成功马上就要到来。”贝尔曾自信地向世界这样宣告。1847年3月3日出生于苏格兰的爱丁堡。他的父亲是一位嗓音生理学家,并且是矫正说话、教授聋人的专家。1862年贝尔进入著名的爱丁堡大学，选择语音学作为自己的专业，贝尔通过总结父辈们的经验进步很快。1869年22岁的贝尔受聘为美国波士顿大学语言学教授，担任声学讲座的主讲。在莫尔斯电报发明后的20多年中无数科学家试图直接用电流传递语音，贝尔也把发明电话作为自己义不容辞的责任。但由于电话是传递连续的信号而不是电报那样不连续的通断信号，在当时的难度好比登天。他在实验中发现了一个有趣现象：每次电流通断时线圈发出类似于莫尔斯电码的“滴答”声，这引起贝尔大胆的设想：如果能用电流强度模拟出声音的变化不就可以用电流传递语音了吗?随后的两年内贝尔刻苦用功掌握了电学，再加上他扎实的语言学知识，使他如同插上了翅膀。他辞去了教授职务，一心扎入发明电话的试验中。在万事俱备只缺合作者时他偶然遇到了18岁的电气工程师沃特森。两年后，经过无数次失败后他们终于制成了两台粗糙的样机，但不幸的是试验失败了，两人的声音是通过公寓的天花板而不是通过机器互相传递的。正在他们冥思苦想之
时，窗外吉他的丁冬声提醒了他们：送话器和受话器的灵敏度太低了!他们连续两天两夜自制了音箱、改进了机器。然后开始实验，刚开始沃特森只从受话器里听到嘶嘶的电流声，终于他听到了贝尔清晰的声音“沃特森先生，快来呀!我需要你?1875 年6月2日傍晚，当时贝尔28岁，沃特森21岁。他们趁热打铁，几经半年的改进，终于制成了世界上第一台实用的电话机。
Bell, Alexander Graham 1847 – 1922 (贝尔)
Inventor and educator. Born March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland. Bell is best known for perfecting the telephone to transmit vocal messages by electricity. The telephone inaugurated a new age in communication technology.
Bell’s father, Alexander Melville Bell, was an expert in vocal physiology and elocution; his grandfather, Alexander Bell, was an elocution professor. After studying at the University of Edinburgh and University College, London, Bell became his father's assistant. He taught the deaf to talk by adopting his father's system of visible speech (illustrations of speaking positions of the lips and tongue). In London he studied Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz's experiments with tuning forks and magnets to produce complex sounds. In 1865, Bell made scientific studies of the resonance of the mouth while speaking.
In 1870, the Bells moved to Brantford, Ontario, Canada, to preserve Alexander's health. He went to Boston in 1871 to teach at Sarah Fuller's School for the Deaf, the first such school in the world. He also tutored private students, including Helen Keller. As professor of vocal physiology and speech at Boston University in 1873, he initiated conventions for teachers of the deaf. Throughout his life he continued to educate the deaf, and he founded the American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf.
From 1873 to 1876, Bell experimented with a phonautograph, a multiple telegraph, and an electric speaking telegraph (the telephone). Funds came from the fathers of two of his pupils; one of these men, Gardiner Hubbard, had a deaf daughter, Mabel, who later became Bell's wife.
Key words: inventor educator
教你如何去写SAT作文 在SAT写作考试中，考生想要写出一篇完美的文章是很不容易的，那我们应该在备考时怎样去屑SAT作文呢？下面三立小编为你带来教你如何去写SAT 作文，让你学到技巧，减少分数的丢失，希望对你有所帮助，更多资讯请访问三立在线教育，专业老师为你在线解答相关疑问。 DIRECTIONS The essay gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can read and comprehend a passage and write an essay analyzing the passage. In your essay, you should demonstrate that you have read the passage carefully, present a clear and logical analysis, and use language precisely. 第一段提出了明确要求： 1. read the passage carefully 认真阅读文章; 2. present a clear and logical analysis 分析清楚有逻辑性; 3. use language precisely 言简意赅。 第一段也说明了写作立场：you …read…a passage and write an essay analyzing the passage。对别人的文章进行阅读分析，而不是表达自己的情感或者观点。 Your essay must be written on the lines provided in your answer booklet; except for the Planning Page of the answer booklet, you will receive no other paper on which to write. You will have enough space if you write on every line, avoid wide margins, and keep your handwriting
王东：SAT作文全面解析之挑战权威 挑战权威类的SAT作文题目是最常见的一类，也是考生们在备考中相对比较头疼的。其实准备这个作文题目是有一定的规律可以遵循的，那么是什么规律呢?下面小编就请天道培训的王东老师为大家详细的分析一下吧。 本文为天道培训王东老师原创，转载请注明出处和作者，违者必究！ 王东老师简介： 主讲：托福写作 SAT阅读/写作 特色：严谨，负责，亲和，幽默。能针对不同程度的学生因材施教，迅速找到其问题所在并予以解决。善于启发和引导学生进行独立思考，领略阅读和写作的乐趣。 经历：华东师范大学硕士。老托福考试647分。从大学开始就积累了丰富的英语教育培训经验，培训的学员大多数取得了sat作文10分以上，托福作文25分以上的高分成绩。
SAT作文虽然不像托福ibt独立写作一样每次考试前有一些预测机经，但根据历年的考题总结来看其出题还是有一定的规律可循。同学们准备作文时应该先把常考的几个类别的思路和素材准备好，再把最近3年的真题都过一遍，这样上考场心里就有底了。今天我们来讲解sat作文中最常考的一类题型——挑战权威型。 一、审题 我们先来看一道题，2009年12月亚洲地区的考题： Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below. (2009.12) Many people believe in the truth of certain “facts” or ideas merely because someone with authority has told them that these things are true. However, many facts and ideas once upheld by experts or authority figures have turned out to be false, including some that have been generally believed and accepted. Thus, people should never assume the truth of anything that they have not carefully examined or tested for themselves. Assignment: Is it a mistake to believe something simply because an authority claims that it is true? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations. 摘录(excerpt)中的句子意为： 许多人相信某些“事实”或者想法的真实性仅仅因为某个具有权威性的人告诉他们这些事是真的。但是，许多专家和权威人物所认定的事实和想法最后证明是错的，包括一些也被大众所相信和接受的。因此，在未经仔细审视之前，人们永远不应该假定任何事情的真实性。 需要我们回答的问题是： Is it a mistake to believe something simply because an authority claims that it is true? 仅仅因为一个权威声称某件事是真实的就去相信它是一个错误吗?
SAT写作经典例子：Chris Gardner 下面为大家整理的是关于SAT写作经典例子：Chris Gardner，主要介绍了一位一直想要成为一名股票经纪人的父亲的故事，其实就是电影《幸福来敲门》的原型。大家在备考成功，选择之类的SAT写作题目的时候，可以选择恰当的切入点进行描述。 Chris Gardner Chris Gardner has become famous for his miraculous life journey from a vagrant to a reputed Wall Street stockbroker within dozens of years. Born in a poor fatherless family in 1950s, he tried multiple ways to strive for a living by himself. He ever wandered along streets with his toddler son, and got put into jail, but he never quit his dream of being a stockbroker. One of his words goes like this: “In the darkest moments of your life, the one who can help you is only yourself.” With an awareness of the significance of tenacity and diligence, Gardner finally got a chance to be trained in a brokerage in spite that he did not
OG6 Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below The old saying, “be careful what you wish for”, may be an appropriate warning. The drive to achieve a particular goal can dangerously narrow one’s perspective and encourage the fantasy that success in one endeavor will solve all of life’s difficulties. In fact, success can sometimes have unexpected consequences. Those who propel themselves toward the achievement of one goal often find that their lives are worse once “success” is achieved than they were before. Assignment: Can success be disastrous? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations. 题目翻译： 那句古老的谚语“当心你所期盼的东西”不失为一句恰当的警示。实现特定目标的动机能够危险地使一个人的观念变得狭隘，并且助长这样一种幻想：一次努力后的成功能够解决生活中的所有问题。事实上，成功有时候会带来无法预料的后果。那些为着实现某一目标而奋斗的人常常发现，“成功”实现后他们的生活变得比过去更糟了。 命题：成功可以是灾难性的吗？ The power of success can be disastrous when placed in the wrong hands. Naturally, there are those who will always choose to manipulate conditions to succeed in their own endeavors, not taking into consideration the lives of those around them. On the other hand, there may be those who do
抗疫写作素材集 一、从50篇评论中精选出的抗疫素材 （一）短句及其示例 1.你的样子，就是中国的样子。 运用示例：你的样子我们铭记在心，你的精神我们世代传唱，你的勇气我 们继承发扬，因为你的样子，就是中国的样子，你什么样，中国就什么样。让14亿中国人都成为你的样子，我们就能在春暖花开之时，看到你脱下防护服、揭开口罩露出灿烂的笑容。（摘自天府网评） 2.一方有难，八方支援，全力以赴，共克时艰。 运用示例：一方有难，八方支援，全力以赴，共克时艰。每一次重大灾害 的袭击，都是对我们的一次极端考验。但凡不能征服我们的，都会让我们 变得更强大。相信在全国众志成城之下，冬日的阴霾终将散去，春暖花开 的日子一定会到来。（根据评论改编） 3.一人守法就是一道城墙，千万人守法就是钢铁长城。 运用示例：法治兴则国兴，法治强则国强。在疫情防控的特殊时期，一人 守法就是一道城墙，千万人守法就是钢铁长城。人人都应把法则记在心里、把法“责”扛在肩上，为共同战“疫”构筑有力有序的社会基础。（摘自钱江潮评） 4.侠之大者，为国为民；侠之小者，为友为邻！ 运用示例：侠之大者，为国为民；侠之小者，为友为邻！疫情面前，做好 自己，每个人都是防线：戴口罩、少外出、勤洗手、常通风、拒野味、不 传谣——鼠年伊始，从身边点滴做起，我们就是最好的战士、最好的防线！（摘自华龙两江评） 5.积力之所举，则无不胜也；众智之所为，则无不成也。（《淮南子》）
运用示例：“积力之所举，则无不胜也；众智之所为，则无不成也”。要打赢这一场疫情防控战，我们需要有“壮志如铁”的决心，也需要有“精准用力”的细心，更需要有“风雨同舟”的真心，凝聚众智，汇聚众力，我们就将所向披靡，无坚不摧。（摘自中安时评） 6.万众一心，没有翻不过的山；心手相牵，没有跨不过的坎。 运用示例：万众一心，没有翻不过的山；心手相牵，没有跨不过的坎。疫 情当前，社会各界、各条战线涌现出许多积极的参与者、有力的支持者。 用关爱去善待他人，以尽责来主动作为，必能守护好我们共同的家园。（摘自燕鸣时评） （二）值得参考的观点 1.战“疫”在云端，防控有力量。 织密防疫网络，“云防控”强信心。 搭建便利桥梁，“云服务”暖人心。 筑牢战斗堡垒，“云传播”聚民心。 这是新闻晚报评论的标题和框架，论述的是以互联网为代表的“云端”抗疫，观点新颖别致，具有很强的时代性，我个人非常喜欢，写高考作文可以参考。 2.疫情面前，每个人都是防线。 国之领导者，在参战，筑起精神防线。 国之脊梁者，在参战，筑起科学防线。 国之冲锋者，在参战，筑起攻坚防线。 国之守卫者，在参战，筑起身边防线。 这是华龙两江评的标题和框架，论述的是举国上下，共同“抗疫”。面对疫情，地不分南北，人不分男女老幼，都守土有责，共同铸就一条钢铁防线。当然，会有不同的角色分工，像钟南山，是国之脊梁者；像白衣天使们，是 国之冲锋者，而在后方生产物资的企业、宅在窝里做好自我防护的普通人，是国之守卫者。每个人都参与其中，共同铸造抗疫防线。
SA T考试写作步骤详解 SA T写作考试对中国考生来说是比较有难度的，大家在备考的时候，掌握一定顺序的SA T 写作步骤是十分有好处的。为了让大家更好的理解SA T写作步骤，下面分成了4个部分，进行了详细的介绍，下面教你SA T写作步骤，希望大家都可以掌握。 想要掌握适合自己的SA T写作步骤，考生需要明白在自己的SA T写作中大致要做的工作有哪些： 首先，大家需要在开篇亮出自己的观点。 其次，要清楚且富有逻辑地论证自己的观点。 最后，在写完后一定要留出时间检查自己的文章，尽可能避免犯一些小的拼写或语法错误。 SA T写作步骤：头脑风暴，列提纲，写作和检查。 这四步看起来非常的普通，和我们平时的写作很像。但是，SA T写作有自己的要求和考试的特点，而且时间非常紧张，需要大家经过一定时间的练习才能达到。 下面具体来解释一下这几个SA T写作步骤： 一、头脑风暴 首先看到SA T写作的题目，根据Prompt和assignment来确定自己的写作观点，然后再寻找相关的例子来支持自己的观点。这里一定要确保自己所选择的立场能够有至少两个例子来支撑。 二、列提纲 一旦确定了自己的SA T写作观点，接下来要做的是就是迅速列出行文的提纲。用两至三个例子来支持自己的观点。要确保所有的例子都能很切题地论证自己的观点。接下来，需要给自己的例子排序，以使他们能够更好地支持自己的观点。 三、写作 在SA T写作步骤中，正式的写作过程一定要仔细地跟随自己的提纲，但是在例子的选择上可以具有一定的弹性。因为大家在写作的过程中可能会突然想到一个新的例子。如果你觉得这个例子比之前想到的例子要好，那就迅速取代它。 什么样的例子才算是好例子呢? 好的例子首先要切题，也就是能够充分地论证自己的观点，而不是为了写例子而写例子。例子最好是关于时事、文学、历史的。当然很多关于个人经验的例子也可以论证自己的观点，但是全都是关于自己的例子不具有权威性，也很难让阅卷官喜欢。 四、检查 如果可以，在最后一定要留出3分钟左右的时间从头到尾检查一下自己的文章，确保自己没有任何拼写上的错误，尽可能减少语法上的错误。 以上就是关于SA T写作步骤的全部内容，通过上面所介绍的SA T写作步骤，大家可以在备考的时候，进行适当的练习，在练习的过程中，一定要对时间问题进行更加严格的把握，以免在考试的时候发生时间不够的情况。 更多信息请查询四达教育官网：https://www.doczj.com/doc/ea4105900.html,
SAT写作模板 SAT Essay作文模板 第一段determining whether something should or should not be done could be weighed in many aspects. different people have different answers due to their
respective point of view. on balance, my view is that the final judgment should depend on a case-by-case analysis of the two situations. / in my point
view, i agree with the speaker on the grounds that… / at the first glance, this opinion seems to be somewhat appealing, but further reflection tells
that i cannot agree with it for the following reasons. 第二段**同意the first and foremost reason why i support / agree with above statement is that …there
also a further 每 more subtle 每 point to consider.**反对although at first glance these arguments sound reasonable and appealing, they are not borne out by a
SAT作文历年作文真题汇总 1.OG2ed.P119-Is there always another explanation or another point of view? 2.OG2ed.P189-Is deception ever justified? 3.OG Practice Test4:Do changes that make our lives easier not necessarily make them better? 4.OG Practice Test5:Is conscience a more powerful motivator than money,fame,or power? 5.OG Practice Test6:Can success be disastrous? 6.OG Practice Test7:Do we need other people in order to understand ourselves? 7.OG Practice Test8:Is the world changing for the better?
8.OG Practice Test9:Do you think that ease does not challenge us and that we need adversity to help us discover who we are? 9.OG Practice Test10:Should heroes be defined as people who say what they think when we ourselves lack the courage to say it? 10.OC1:Is the way something seems to be not always the same as it actually is? 11.OC2:Are bad choices and good choices equally likely to have negative consequences? 12.OC3:Do people learn who they are only when they are forced into action? 13.OC4:Are people’s lives the result of the choices they make? 14.OC5:Do closed doors make us creative?
SAT 作文新题与难题解析 [ 新东方教育科技集团美本考试研究院研究员] 何湜 对于近几年的题目，不少人觉得很难。笔者总被学生和其他科目的老师问到这个问题：“最近作文题目改革了，套不了以前的例子了，需要改变准备套路么？”之所以会有上面的问题，是因为在他们的印象中，SAT 写作都是诸如以下的题目： （2008.5）Are there benefits tobe gained from avoiding the useof modern technology, even when using it would make life easier? （200610）Isitimportanttoquestion the ideas and decisionsof people in positions of authority? （2006 1）Can any obstacleor disadvantage be turned intosomething good? （2006.1）Do people accomplishmore when they are allowed to dothings in their own way? （2006 1）Can any obstacleor disadvantage be turned intosomething good? （SAT 官方指南） Is deception ever justified? 所以，当考生面对下面这些题目的时候自然会哀叹自己晚生了几年： （2013.10）Does having too muchinformation about public figuresdistract us from the important issues? （2013.10）Do we place too littlevalue on privacy?
新SAT写作证据（Evidence）分析解读之Example（例证） 新东方在线SAT教研组李盛在议论文写作中，Example（例子）是经常使用的一种论证形式。作者往往会给读者呈现具体的细节，从而证明自己观点的正确性。 请阅读下面从文章中节选的段落： The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known—the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs—and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world’s flora. Ecological light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting ecosystems several billion years in the making. S imply put, without darkness, Earth’s ecology would collapse . . . . 在上面这段话中，为了说明黑暗对于动物的重要性，作者列举了若干个例子：Some examples are well known—the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs—and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world’s flora.这里，作者通过几个例子说明了各种动物是如何依赖黑暗生存及在生物圈做出贡献的。所以很明显地属于example。在识别了该证据形式之后，考试需要写出证据的内容，由于选文的信息比较多，考生可以对于例子的内容进行总结（summarize）：Thewriterlists examples of howsome particular species (birds,turtles,batsandmoths)relyondarknesstosurviveandcontributeto human beingsintheecologicalcycle. 最后需要去分析该例子的作用。作者列举这几个例子的目的是为了证明本段开头的观点（The rest of the world depends on darkness as well），即动物们也是需要黑暗环境的。通过给出这样的例子，能够让读者清晰地了解动物是如
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ea4105900.html, SAT写作经典例子：Chris Gardner 下面为大家整理的是关于SAT写作经典例子：Chris Gardner，主要介绍了一位一直想要成为一名股票经纪人的父亲的故事，其实就是电影《幸福来敲门》的原型。大家在备考成功，选择之类的SAT写作题目的时候，可以选择恰当的切入点进行描述。 Chris Gardner Chris Gardner has become famous for his miraculous life journey from a vagrant to a reputed Wall Street stockbroker within dozens of years. Born in a poor fatherless family in 1950s, he tried multiple ways to strive for a living by himself. He ever wandered along streets with his toddler son, and got put into jail, but he never quit his dream of being a stockbroker. One of his words goes like this: “In the darkest moments of your life, the one who can help you is only yourself.” With an awareness of the significance of tenacity and diligence, Gardner finally got a chance to be trained in a brokerage in spite that he did not have any college diploma or experience. When he passed examinations and earned a license as a stockbroker, he was exhilarated. He just knew that a promising future was awaiting him. After he embarked on the track of stockbroking, things went much more smoothly. In 1987 he launched his own brokerage firm in Chicago and soon developed into a millionaire. Recently besides managing his firm and playing the role of a good father, he is devoting to philanthropic undertakings in South Africa, hoping to help the poor to live better. 克里斯?加德纳 克里斯?加德纳因他的传奇人生而出名，在几十年间他从一个流浪汉摇身一变变为一位著名的华尔街股票经纪人。在二十世纪五十年代，他出生于一个穷苦家庭，从小没有父亲，只能靠自己试图用各种方式养活自己。他带着自己的儿子流浪街头，也曾踉跄入狱，但他始终没有放弃心中的梦——成为一名股票经纪人。 他常说这么一句话：“在你生命中最黑暗的时刻，能帮到你的唯有你自己而已。”加德纳深知坚强和勤奋的重要性，虽然他没有任何大学文凭，也没有任何和股票经纪相关的工作经验，但是他的不懈努力最终为他赢得了一次在经纪公司培训的机会。当他通过考试并拿到经纪执照的时候，他简直乐坏了。他坚信未来是充满希望的，而他正在走向未来! 自从他开始从事股票经纪，一切都顺理成章了。在1987年他在芝加哥开设了自己的股票经纪公司，并迅速一跃成为百万富翁。最近他除了管理公司和当个好爸爸之外，也竭尽所能地投入南非的慈善事业中，他希望能够帮助南非的穷人们，让他们活得更好。
sat作文题目汇总 【篇一：2014年sat写作题目汇总】 2014年sat写作题目汇总 2014.01.25 1. 2. 3. successful than those who do? 4. forward? 2014.03.08 5.assignment: should people who are more fortunate than others have more of a moral obligation to help those who are less fortunate? 6. 7. 2014.05.03 8. achievements? 9.assignment: should we express our disagreement with authority figures权威人物, even if there are negative consequences? assignment: should people focus on enjoying the present moment instead of following a plan for future achievement? 2014.06.07 achievement? another? 2014年10月 ice? assignment: is envy necessarily a bad thing? 2014年11月8日 assignment: is quitting ever a good idea? assignment: should we complain to get what we want? 2014年12月6日 assignment: are snap judgments better than decisions to which people give a lot of thought? assignment: is most of what people buy totally unnecessary?
SAT写作八大领域的名人例子 虽然SAT改革之后，写作部分成为选考，但是很多院校还是要求同学提供SAT写作的成绩，因此大家还是需要参加SAT写作考试的。下面三立小编为你带来SAT写作八大领域的名人例子，让你学到技巧，减少分数的丢失，希望对你有所帮助，更多资讯请访问三立在线教育，专业老师为你在线解答相关疑问。 1 文学 文学领域，有一本经典名著推荐大家读一下——《动物庄园》(Animal Farm)，书不厚，语言也不难，建议大家直接买原版来读。作者乔治奥威尔，他的另外一本书“1984”同样也是经典。《动物庄园》这本书被誉为二十世纪最伟大的政治寓言。讲的是一个动物农场中动物们不满人类主人的虐待，联合起来把主人赶跑了，成了一个动物“自治”的庄园。结果慢慢的，猪成了新的统治阶级，用谎言和欺骗压榨剥削其他的动物。在小说中，动物们对新的权威——猪深信不疑，乃至让猪日渐嚣张跋扈作威作福，而他们自己最终沦落到悲惨的境地。比如猪在革命时曾说：所有动物生而平等(ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL)。等猪成了统治者之后，偷偷在这句话后面加上了：有些动物比其他动物更平等(BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS)。此外，猪为了维护统治还刻意涂改历史、通过保持神秘感、垄断教育、树立劳模等方式来愚弄动物们，和某些国家的做法如出一辙，真的很有意思。 2 电影 涉及挑战权威主题的电影也有很多，在这里推荐一部电影——《三个傻瓜》(Three Idiots)，相信有不少同学已经看过。电影描述的是三个大学生反抗死板的大学教育体制的故事，其中作为权威的代表帝国理工学院院长韦鲁博士(Dr. Viru)主张死记硬背的教学方式，压制学生的创造性思想和创新精神，甚至逼死了学生及自己的儿子。以兰乔为首的学生们不
修辞手法在SAT写作中的应用 SAT写作修辞手法，往往可以让同学们的作文在最后一搏中锦上添花，博取高分。为此文都国际教育小编和大家一起分享修辞手法在SAT写作中的应用，供大家学习和参考。 在SAT写作的时候如果掌握了一定的写作技巧再配上修辞方法一定能给考试成绩加分，把一篇文章写得活灵活现，一是展示了自己额文采功底，二是激发读者的兴趣。所以说大家在备考的时候就应该抓住修辞方法和写作技巧进行练习。 形象化描写，就是在写作中，使用形象化的语言(常常和明喻、暗喻及拟人手法等交织使用)，刺激读者的感官，激发读者的想象力。 Imagery的使用，必须要是能够刺激到我们的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉或味觉，例如： 视觉：It was dark and dim in the forest. 听觉：The children are screaming and yelling on the playground. 嗅觉：He whiffed the aroma of the brewed coffee. 触觉：The lady ran her hands on a soft fabric. 味觉：The fresh and juicy orange is very cold and sweet. 因此，在SAT作文中，重要带有描述性质的，特别是在读者讲述个人经历时候，分析其使用imagery的写作方法肯定没错。 Imagery就是用形象的语言描述现象，在北美，学生写作文时候，老师也经常说be as descriptive as possible。当这个描述可以调动我们的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉、或是味觉时，这个描述就是个imagery。当然，一个imagery不一定要唤起读者上述的全部感觉。 Imagery在诗歌语言中使用的最多，当然在现代的报刊杂志及新闻报道中也是屡见不鲜，其目的都是为了唤起读者的五觉，刺激读者的想象力，让人有身临其境的感觉。 使用imagery，可以充分调动读者的参与感，能在读者的心里创造一个生动的画面，有助于读者想象故事人物的所闻所见，所悲所喜。在文学作品中，imagery 的文字往往生动优美，朗朗上口，为作品增加很多色彩。 其他常用的修辞和写作手法
1. You cannot expect to treat your friends badly and no one notices. (A) and no one notices (B) and have no one notice (C) without notice by someone (D) without notice by no one (E) without the result of somebody noticing 2. In Death of a Salesman Willy Loman mistakenly believes that his sons have no flaws, believing which leads to many problems for the entire famil y. (A) believing which leads (B) a belief that leads (C) and which is to lead (D) the belief of which leads (E) his believing this leads 3. Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve service s, he failed to keep either of them after the election. (A) Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve servic es, he (B) The candidate, having promised both to cut taxes and improve service s, (C) Although the candidate made promises both to cut taxes and improve services, he (D) Having promised, first, to cut taxes and, second, to improve services, the candidate (E) The candidate’s promises were both to cut taxes and impr ove services, he 4. Chinese watercolors have become more popular than American and Eur opean artists who are their contemporaries. (A) American and European artists who are their contemporaries (B) contemporary American and European artists (C) those by contemporary American and European artists of the period (D) those of American and European pictures of the same period (E) those by contemporary American and European Artists 5. Chess players find that playing against a computer is helpful to improve (A) their(B) skills, even though (C) no chess-playing computer has yet won (D)a championship. No error(E) 6. One of the unforeseen consequences of the editor’s management style i s that it leaves so little room for innovation. (A) that it leaves so little room for innovation
2014高考语文作文素材：成功需要全力以赴 在德国，许多人对保罗·路德汉这个名字都耳熟能详，因为他从事过十来个职业，而且每一项职业都能做到不一般。尤其是晚年时候，他喜欢上写作，只用不到9个月的时间就写出了小说《莱茵河的夜晚》，并荣登当年最畅销小说榜首。 2008年，德国SAT1电视台邀请保罗·路德汉做嘉宾，与观众交流互动。节目一开始，主持人就问：“这么多年来，你在许多领域都做出了不错的成绩，我和广大观众一样，都很希望能听听你的经验之谈。” 保罗·路德汉淡淡一笑，说：“一直以来，我认为就算注定要做个扫大街的清洁工，也要对自己的职责全力以赴，就好像米开朗基罗作画、贝多芬作曲或是莎士比亚作诗那般投入。倾注全力达到最高境界的工作表现，让每个人都为我驻足赞叹：这个清洁工人的表现真是杰出。” 对一个人来说，凡事成功与否，很多时候，其实仅仅在于能不能做到像保罗·路德汉一样全力以赴而已，就这么简单！ 【素材点拨】乔布斯曾坦言自己成功的秘诀——专注和简单。专注即全力地投入；简单即心思单纯，无论摆在自己眼前是一份怎样的工作，都不会在乎。我们也一样，面对学习或生活中的难题，只要你肯动手做，肯全力以赴，总有一天会收获成功。 【适用主题】成功的秘诀；一分耕耘，一分收获；专注的力量…… 诺奖得主的停车位 付勤 美国加州大学伯克利分校教授索尔·佩尔马特，和另外两位科学家一起获得了2011年度的诺贝尔物理奖。这位天体物理学家得到消息时正在监考。据学生们在校内网上说，教授淡定地告诉大家：“我终于也有自己的停车位了。” 历年来曾在伯克利工作或深造的诺贝尔奖得主，不少于66位。在该校物理系前，车位只有5个。得了诺贝尔奖，不涨工资不升职，照样上课，照样监考，照样做实验，不同的是咱的车终于有地儿停了。 对于这个奖励措施，伯克利的教授是这样阐述的：“做学问如果没有一颗淡定的心，没法继续，更不可能前进。” 【素材点拨】桂冠，由月桂的枝条编成，它闪耀的不是黄金或钻石的光芒，只有久远的芬芳。狷介自守，不骄不躁，这样淡然处之的态度，让桂冠回归了它的本质。诺贝尔奖不是功劳簿，更不是终身成就奖，它激励着精英们不断向未知领域探索，永不失去推动人类社会向前的动力与热情。伯克利为什么能走出60多位诺贝尔奖得主？“抢车位”也许是原因之一。【适用主题】桂冠的本质；淡泊明志，宁静致远；奖励是荣誉，更是激励……