介绍
雅思写作水平自测
Test 1: 词汇量测试
1.08年12月6日A类Memorisation of information by rote learning plays a role in many education systems. Does the usefulness of this method outweigh the limitations?
2.08年9月27日A类Poor students or students who come from rural areas often find it difficult to gain access to the university education. People think universities should make it easy for students from these backgrounds to study at college .To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3. 2008年9月6日A类Once children start school, teachers have more influence on their intellectual and social development than parents do. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
如此部分有问题:在词汇量上存在着严重的不足，具体体现为在因为在考试中无法正确看懂题目而导致作文偏题，这种情况下作文得分为4分的可能性已经超过了80%!解决方案当然是尽快恶补词汇，具体方法如下：将最近3年考过的所有真题通读一遍，你会发现有相当部分的题目重复率较高，每隔一段时间会反复出现。请把你在通读真题的过程中所有不认识的生词记录下来，每天熟读之直到完全记住。由于雅思作文考来考去就这么些题目，题目当中用来用去就这么点单词，因此搞定历年真题里的所有生词考试的时候基本上就不用担心看不懂题目的情况发生。
Test2: 写作速度测试
请从上面提供的 3 个真题中任选一题完成一篇完整的雅思议论文。要求字数250 字以上，且必须在40 分钟内完成。
这部分有问题的考生同样面临着作文4分的危险。要知道考官看到字数不足或没写完的文章是一律按4分处理的。因此对于你们来说目前最重要的是狂练写作速度。做过统计，一般第一次写雅思大作文的学员平均要花1个小时的时间，但随着练习次数的增加，写作速度也会相应提高，基本上每写一篇文章速度可以提高5分钟/篇。也就是说如果你现在要花1小时
才能写完一篇大作文的话，再写4－5篇基本上就可以把速度练出来了。
Test3: 语法及词汇正确率测试
前两步过关的同学说明你至少已经具备了5 分的水平了。当然作文5 分对很多同学来说还是不够的。那有没有达到6 分水平呢？通过下面的测试来鉴定吧！
以下文章中每一行都有且仅有一个错误，请找出错误并改正。
People?s concern is that what effects part-time jobs will bring.
A part-time job offers you chance to demonstrate your ability
and to apply that you have learned in school into practice.
A part-time job helps you become more independence in your family.
Third, the experience that you gain can broaden your school life.
However, there are also some negative effects may be brought by taking part-time jobs.
You may lose time needs for sleep, rest, study and recreation.
Work several hours a day consumes a lot of time and energy
and may affect your study. You may find it hard adjust to the
expectation from the school and your parent.
答对8题(含8题)以上者说明已经基本具备了6分的水平，请继续参加Test4挑战7分水平!
答对不足8题者说明你目前的水平基本定格在5分左右。具体表现为在语法和单词使用上存在一定的问题，考试的时候很有可能写出病句或把单词用错。
Test4: 语言地道性的测试
能够前进到Test4说明你的英语基础还算不错，至少已经具备了6分的水平了。最后来挑战一下7分吧！以下的句子均来自于雅思高分作文，我翻译成了中文，请试着把它们还原成英语句子。
1. 一个人的成功是由很多因素决定的,而其中又以一个人的实践能力最为重要。
2. 每天到处都是交通堵塞，给人们的生活带来极大不便。
3. 劳动能够让孩子们意识到自己的强项和弱点在哪里，从而激发他们的求知欲。
参考答案：
1. 6 分句: One’s success is decided by many factors, and one’s practical ability is the most important.
7 分句:
2. 6 分句: Every day there are many traffic jams everywhere and it makes people’s life very inconvenient. Every day there are many traffic jams everywhere and it brings great inconvenience to people’s life.
7 分句：
3. 6 分句: Labor can let children know where their strength and weakness are, and stimulate their desire to study.
7分句：
传统考试分析
从以上两幅图中，我们不难发现以下规律：
1. 教育类话题占绝大多数，并且在08年稳中有升；
2. 工作生活与意识形态类话题跃居第二，数量比07年增长了一倍；
3. 传统的热门话题环境与动物保护、科技类话题等仍然比较重要；
4. 犯罪类话题虽然题量不大，但08年题量增长迅速，但仍处在正常水平。
需要提醒广大考生的是，2008年的话题分布并不能完全代表2009年的话题走向，但有以下两点是肯定的：
第一，作为历年雅思A类写作的主导话题，教育类（包括青少年教育和儿童教育类话题）仍然将会占绝对数量。不管参加哪次考试，考生切不可放弃教育类话题的复习。
第二，工作生活与意识形态话题的大量增加，反映了雅思写作与日常生活的日益密切。而其中的意识形态类话题因内容抽象，且多为新题，故成为了考试的一个难点。考生应对这些已考话题进行认真思考和准备。
第三，切不可迷信所谓“预测”。很多考生考前不认真准备，而将最后的希望“押宝”在最后的考前预测上面，但是进入考场发现真题往往与预测大相径庭，结果反而造成恐慌。雅思考试一共只有十大话题，网上预测每次选取三个话题左右，并配部分例题，话题因为概率较高的原因有时可以预测正确，但是具体的题目往往相差十万八千里。所以提醒考生结合历年真题，熟悉话题并认真进行分类总结，总结出可以共同准备的论据，以做到以不变应万变。
个性化模板
一．雅思写作必写的几个黄金必杀句！
（1）万能反证句
（2）调查句：
（3）越来越
An increasing number of people /the number of people who ** is on the rise / a growing number of people （4）关注句：
There is a growing/an increasing concern/ awareness（知道）/realization of/that/there is a widespread concern over
（5）结论句
二．自我训练
1 精读：仔细阅读范文，欣赏并标出精彩的用词和句型，体会上下文中表达的精妙，提高对精彩语言的敏感度，要多写，多记。
范文学习的3大方面：
语言：词汇、词组、句型；
结构：框架结构、关联词、同义替换；
内容：精彩观点、段落的拓展方式
选择范文进行精读训练的误区:
（1）盲目模仿剑桥系列上的范文。剑1到剑6每本书后面都有几篇考官写的范文，因此语言当然都相当地地道，的确有值得借鉴之处。但我看到很多同学都是从上面大段大段地背文章，这就比较恐怖了。
因为：(a). 你背了剑桥上面的段落或句子考试的时候用到你的文章里，考官一看就认出来了，说不定你背的东西正是他（她）亲手所写的呢。雅思作文考试还是很强调语言的原创性的！
(b). 剑桥上的范文要学人家的语言，千万不要学他的结构！可以上剑桥上大部份的范文行文结构和一般我们自己写的议论文相差很大。一般国内我们看到的范文每一段目的都非常明确：开头用来介绍背景引出观点，主干部分分正反两方面分析观点，结尾重申结论。剑桥上的范文则给人感觉比较“跳跃式思维”，没有固定的模式。这是因为写这些范文的考官有意识地要避免自己写的范文结构“有迹可循”，试想，如果剑桥上的范文每一篇结构都是固定的一种结构，势必造成所有的考生都把这一结构当成“神的结构”来顶礼膜拜，进一步造成所有考生写的雅思作文结构完全同一化，考官还不怎么好扣分：因为所有人用的结构都是你考官自己用的，扣分的话岂不是自己打自己嘴巴？
(2).一味追求高难文章。如果你看到一篇“范文”整篇文章根本没几个字是你认识的，每句话都是像雅思阅读里的长难句那么长，还用了对仗，押尾韵什么……..基本上你可以放弃这篇文章，因为里面的东西绝对不是短期能学到的。
2 背诵：背精彩词汇，背精彩句型，背精彩框架，，通过背诵完成从欣赏到掌握的过程，别人的变成自己的。
3 默写：背诵熟练之后默写下来，仔细对照原文，会发现你默写的文章与原文有一些语法、拼写、标点的区别，这些区别就是你的写作弱点，学习关键在于针锋突破，不要全面出击。这些弱点正是你在考试中扣分的原因所在，把这些弱点意义克服，分数自然就会提高。
4 互译：英文----中文; 中文------英文，与原文核查核对，发现自己不足，纠正提高。使自己逐步写出规范的语言，达到和原文作者相似的水平。
5 效仿：在范文中学到的单词，词组，句型，框架放在新的语境下模仿创作，造句写作。在新的作文中保留一定闪光点。
范文学习
There is an increasing number of juvenile delinquents. Analyze the possible causes that give rise to this phenomenon, and offer some feasible recommendations.
Sample Answer
In contemporary society, according to a recent survey which is conducted by a famous international organization, currently the number of juvenile delinquents is on the rise. (或者the increase in the number of young people who commit crimes is accelerating ,which has aroused deep concern. )Careful deliberation of the problem with which we are confronted has given me several ideas as to why this should be so and this essay will also offer some solid solutions to such a phenomenon.
In the first place, the increase in juvenile delinquency is the result of the rising divorce rate. When some parents decide to separate, an overwhelming majority of them do not take into account the influence on their children .Children whose parents separate are not properly taken care of, and some of them may feel that they have been abandoned by their parents and the whole society .Consequently, the minors are easily led astray by evildoers who fear to commit crimes by
In the second place, the intensifying pressure to compete among children to go to a better school makes the problem worse. Youngsters who fail in the various entrance examinations are deprived of the opportunities to get a proper education. Then, since they are devoid of the nourishment of education and a school environment, they become full of resentment at a society which they feel has rejected them and they even begin to do harm to the strangers.
Last but not least, young people's inexperience and immaturity easily lead them into traps. Without the proper guidance and protection of adults and schools, they may become indulged in the illusory world of electronic games, on-line chat or even pornography. Such alienation from proper social values may lead to crime. Nevertheless, it is certain that if the whole of society pays more attention to the sound growth of teenagers and other youngsters, the juvenile crime rate will undoubtedly be brought down and controlled in a short while.
分项突破
语言
1. 词汇
2. 句子
一、原则一：宁简勿错
雅思写作七宗罪
1．Employer can benefit more from telecommuting than employee.
2.1 Work at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.
2.2 Children who are raise in impoverished families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.
2.3 The problems that are created by environmental contamination is very hard to resolve.
2.4 In present-day society, cultures were becoming very similar.
3. Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers.
4.1 Countries should pay attention on the disadvantages globalization may create.
4.2 The Internet has instead of teachers in many classrooms.
5. Some parents do not obey traffic rules himself.
6. These old buildings should be destroyed, new buildings must be constructed.
7. These are a great many children think the main purpose of education should be to afford them pleasure and enjoyment.
二、原则二：越长越好
如何将短句子写长
我们的口号：千招会不如一招熟！熟练使用，必定招招致命！
（1）定语从句、插入同位语
任何一个名词后面都可以加上一个定语从句对之进行解释
任何一个句子后面都可以加上一个非限制性定语从句，表示一个结果
例1、Honest merchants will suffer a great destruction.
例2、Officials have built highways.(4个单词)
In recent years, the responsible, hard-working and warm-hearted officials have built a great number of
例3 Factories have discharged gas and liquid.（6个单词）
With a view to reap great profits, the newly-built chemical factories have discharged harmful and even poisonous gas and liquid, which had a seriously negatively impact on the surrounding environment.（拉长后
31
例4 有些人可能沉溺于网\\上冲浪，这会危害他们的身心健康。
Some people may be addicted to netsurfing, which impairs their physical and mental health.
越来越高的离婚率将引发一系列的问题，这受到大众的极大关注。
The increasingly high divorce rate will cause a series of problems, which deserves great public attention.
（2）并列结构，排山倒海
比如：give support and assistance to…
…benefit from the education and instruction.
…develop and promote the economic growth.
Honesty wins trust,respect and honor from others .
We have to work hard to enlarge our knowledge and realize our potential
成功句（90%的作文都可以用上）
（3）数据支撑:调查句
（4）套话凑数
①、There is no denying the fact that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
②、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
③、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
④、It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）It is obvious /apparent that + 句子（明显的）
例句：1．人们普遍认为，广泛的文化交流在许多方面对各国人民有好处。
It is universally acknowledged (recognized) that extensive cultural exchange does good to people from various nations in many ways.
2．人们通常认为，一个人如果没有在现实生活中经历逆境和困难，他意志就决不能变得足够坚强。It is generally accepted that without experiencing hardships and difficulties in real life one can never become strong-minded enough.
3．人们必须承认，就青少年来说，一个充满竞争的环境对于生活技能的锻炼来说是必要的。It must be admitted that a competitive environment is necessary for the practice of life skills on the side of teenagers.
4．不可否认的是，旅游业的过度发展可能会破坏某些风景区的生态平衡。
It cannot be denied that the overgrowth of tourism may disturb the ecological balance of some scenic resorts.
5．众所周知，体育锻炼能够提高和增进我们的身心健康。
It is well known to all that physical exercises can improve and enrich our physical and mental well-being.
6、可想而知，随着社会经济的发展，竞争将更加剧烈。
It is conceivable that with the rapid development in society and economy, competition is becoming increasingly fierce and acute.
（5）巧用插入
Suzhou is a beautiful city.
It can not be denied that Suzhou is a beautiful city.
Suzhou, as is known to us, is a beautiful city.
People, both young and old, can not avoid being influenced by advertisement.
（二）、原则二：多变原则
1、无灵主语：不要总是以有生命的名词和人称代词开头
a) Many people think birth control is quite necessary in China.
b) It is widely(commonly) thought/believed/held/accepted that birth control is quite necessary in China.
a) More and more people agree (realize/are aware) that women should enjoy full equality with men.
b) There is a growing agreement (realization/awareness) that women should enjoy full equality with men.
c) An increasing number of people agree that…
d) the increase in the number of those who agree that women should enjoy full equality with men is accelerating.
a) Many Chinese people have gone to the U.S. in the past 15 years.
b) The past 15 years have witnessed the fact that many Chinese people went to the U.S..
2、宁被动不主动：不要千篇一律的使用主动态
a)We should make great efforts to improve our English
b) Great efforts should be made to improve our English
3、宁否定不肯定：不要总是用肯定句来表达，要学会用否定句来表达肯定的意思。即双重否定＝肯定
a) Every young boy and girl wants to earn a little money to help cover higher college cost.
b) There is hardly a young boy and girl who doesn’t want to earn a little money to help cover higher college cost.
a) Every one longs to display the best self and impress others.
b) There is no one but longs to display the best self and impress others.
没有人不渴望展现最好的自我以给他人留下深刻印象。
练习：
1．There is
1)a．There are many people who prefer to go by bike，because they are not
satisfied with bus service．
b．
2)a．There are more and more people who realize the close connection between
energy population．
b.
3)a.There are few and few green trees in many big cities，while there are more
and more concrete buildings．．
b．
4) a．There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films．
b．
5)a．There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages．
b．
2．People、I、We
1)a．People begin to discuss the possibility of abolishing examinations
enthusiastically．
b．
2)a．People throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of
nutritious foods．
b．
3)a．People should realize the dreadful consequences of taking up the smoking
habit．
b．
4)a．We will never forget this lesson．
b．
5)a．We certainly should make great efforts．
b．
3．Because，Because of
1)a．Because the decision recognizes the fact that students are trying to put an
end to the cheating on the cheating on the campus，so they all welcome it．
2)a．Because one cannot know what kind of knowledge will be more useful in
the future，so he cannot make a sound choice in taking school courses．
b．
3)a．Because many people desire to learn foreign languages，there appear many language schools．
b．
4)a．Because the energy is becoming less and less，we have to find a way to solve this problem．
b．
5)a．Because today is our teacher’S birthday we hold a party to show honor to him.
b．
4．If
1)a．If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference．
b．
2)a．If we understand the greater pressure of population growth，we will have a correct attitude towards family planning．
b．
3)a．If there is no waste nor pollution，man can certainly survive．
b．
4)a．If we only apply book knowledge，we will not get good result．
b．
5)a．If our parents don't control children strictly，their potentials will be fully developed．
b．
5．When
1)a．when the old worker sees he is going to retire，he begins to worry very much. b．
2)a．When our teacher had left，the heated discussion then ended．
b．
3)a．When there is a slight improvement in their children's studies，the parents will feel happy and proud．
b．
4)a．Only when one rids himself of complacency can he learn something．
b．
5)a．Only when we make continuous efforts can we take an opportunity whenever it occurs．
b．
6．With
1)a．With the development of science and technology，we can have a plentiful supply of food and commodities．
2)a．With the expansion of industry, natural resources are gradually exhausted．
b．
3)a．With me improvement of standard of living，even ordinary families can
afford color TV sets．
b．
、
7．In order to
1)a．In order to get a harmonious development for all students，school authorities
should design a new program．
b．
2)a．In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve，we must take
an immediate step．
b．
3)a．In order to build a stable and prosperous nation，people should make new
efforts．
b．
8．More and more
1)a．More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV．
b．
2)a. More and more people who become richer and richer can afford a motorcycle.
b.
3) a. More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.
b.
4) a. More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy.
b.
5) a. More and more trees have disappeared in the city.
b.
三、闪光句型
(1)句子~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why a large number of customs have altered a great deal is that most of them are connected with some superstitious beliefs, and they cannot fit in this world with highly-developed technology.
多数旧风俗习惯都产生了巨大的改变的原因是它们大多与封建迷信有关，与现代社会格格不入。
(2)、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）
例句：It costs an astronomical sum of fund to lock up so many criminals and that?s the reason why imprisonment has imposed a great strain on the budget of a nation.
把如此多的罪犯关押起来需要耗费大量资金，那就是为什么监禁已经大大增加了国家负担的原因。(3)、So + 形容词+ be + 主词+ that + 句子（如此...以致于...）
例句：So pervasive are advertisements that no one can avoid being influenced by them.
广告是如此盛行，每个人都难免不受它们的影响。
(4)、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）
例句：Community service programs enable the government to relieve the strain on its limited budget.
社区服务计划有助于减轻政府财政负担。
(5)、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ （因为...）
例句：Thanks to coeducation system, benign competition and cooperation between male and female students are rightly encouraged.
由于男女共校的教育体制，异性同学间的良性竞争和友好合作精神得到了发扬。
（对...有很大的影响）
例句：Quality of citizens exert a positive influence on a nation?s prosperity.
国民的素质对于国家的繁荣有重大的影响。
(7)、do good to = be beneficial to（对...有益），do harm to= be detrimental to （对...有害）
例句：Reading does good to our minds.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
(8)、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）
例句：abortion poses a great threat to both women?s physical and mental health.
堕胎对于妇女的身心健康都会造成巨大威胁。
（尽全力去...）
例句：schools should do their utmost to ensure the students? sound growth.
学校应尽全力去确保学生的健康成长。
(10)、Spare no efforts to + V （不遗余力的）
Developed nations should spare no effort to finance their economically disadvantaged counterparts.
发达国家应该不遗余力地资助贫国。
(11)、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）
The more children are encouraged to get in touch with various aspects of society, the more comprehensive their knowledge will be.
越鼓励孩子接触社会的各个方面，他们学习的知识会更全面。
(12)、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）
例句：By putting the responsibility into the government?s hand, citizens can enjoy a higher level of assurance in quality.
借着将这种职责放在政府手中，市民在质量上能够享有更高程度的保障。
(13)、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the significance of education.
我们绝对不能忽略教育的重要性。
(14)、It is time + S + 过去式（该是...的时候了）
例句：It is time we evaluated the roles that modern technology plays in our life from more balanced and objective perspectives.
该是我们从更加公正和客观的角度来评价现代科技在我们的生活中所发挥的作用的时候了。
(15)、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）
例句：Those who think otherwise contend that computers are designed and programmed by human beings to do all the translation work in a comparatively mechanical manner.
那些持反对意见的人争论到电脑是由人设计和编程的，因此只能是较机械地进行语言翻译。
(16)、Only...can （只有...才能）
例句：Only in cities can children be well prepared for their future life and keep up with the trend of the world.
只有在城市里孩子们才能为他们未来的生活作好准备并与世界趋势同步。
结构
一、两面倒结构
适用题目的特点是：给出一种现象，要求考生分析其利弊；或者是给出两种不同观点／做法，要求考生对此发表自己的看法。例如：
1．We’ll have the intelligent machine---robot in the future to do the work instead of human beings．State the possible benefits and dangers of it．
2．Some people treat animals as pets while others treat them as the resources of food and clothes．What is your opinion?
引言段：引出所讨论话题（不表明论点）
主体段l：opinion 1／advantage
主体段2：opinion 2／disadvantage
结尾段：总结全文，给出文章的中心论点
这种结构的文章在结尾段中提出中心论点时有两种可能的写法：一种是同意上面所讨论的两种观点中的一种。这时在顺序的安排上，自己不同意的那个观点先说，自己同意的那一方观点后说。这样，考官在文章结尾段看到你的观点时才不至感到突兀。如下例：
Topic 1：Nowadays 1ive animals are used in scientific research. Some people think it is very cruel and unnecessary．However，others believe that it is justified in the interest of the human beings．Please discuss on both sides．(2002年3月)
Experimentation on live animals has long been a regular practice in medical science．But recently the practice has sparked a bitter controversy over its morality in the scientific community. Opinions vary from person to person．(37 words )
Some people hold the opinion that such cruel experiments are unnecessary．According to them，animals have the right to 1ive on this planet just as human beings．Such experiments，they maintain，are inhuman and are supposed to be legally prohibited．What’s worse, experimentation on live animals will speed up the extinction of some endangered species which are crucial to understanding the origin of life on earth．In their eyes, if we let such a situation go as it is ,we do not know where our society is in the future , at that time ,the whole society will suffer a great destruction. (迷茫句) Lastly, since human beings are different from the live animals which are used in the experiment , the information obtained may not be applicable to our life. (141words)
However，there is also a pro-experiment camp who believes that experiments on animals do a great deal of good to the health of human beings.And experiments of this kind are not intended to kill animals，but to gain some first-hand information. Without using animals，medical research，they claim，would be hardly possible，which may render human beings helplessly at the mercy of SARS AIDS and other fatal diseases．Another reason for their choice is since animals bear a close resemblance to humans, either in behavior or in structure, there is little chance of finding satisfying substitutions for animals.failure to recognize such a fact which is mentioned above will result in several serious consequences which we are unwilling to see. (126 words)
I am of the opinion that experiments on animals are necessary．There is no denying the fact that animal rights are supposed to be respected．It ,however, does not follow that live animal experimentation should be banned altogether，since without the animal experimentations ,we human beings will be under attack of various diseases .what we should do is to minimize the sufferings (65 words) 共369words
如果题目中的两种观点都明显偏激或片面，那么在结尾段中也可超越主体段中的两种观点而采取第三种(往往是更合理的)观点作为文章的中心论点。例如：
Topic 2：Some people think the age of books is past and information will be presented by video，computer，television and film．Others think that books and written words will be necessary for spreading information and complete education．discuss on both sides and give your own opinion．
With the development of new information-transmitting means，the role of books is increasingly under suspicion．Some people claim that books are outdated in this high-tech world and thus should be put to disuse．Others，however，argue that books are still an indispensable means of disseminating knowledge．0n the one hand，videos，computers，televisions and films as mass media enjoy their own advantages，compared with books．Most noticeably，these media convey information by visual and audio means，rendering the information attractive to the audience and，more importantly，accessible to the illiterate or the handicapped．Besides，modern media such as video，computer，television and film transmit information and knowledge much faster and to a wider audience．By contrast，the writing and publishing of a book take a great deal more time than the making and transmission of a video or TV program．
However，books have an edge over the hi-tech media in other aspects. Most conspicuous is convenience．Books are portable，more affordable and conveniently read without extra consumption of any other type of energy．Another advantage of books over electronic media is their durability，which enables them to circulate for many years．They also prove to be a healthier way of disseminating knowledge，without any radiation．By contrast，heavy exposure to television or computer tends to impair the viewer’s health，eyesight in particular．
On balance(=after thinking about all the different facts or opinions), books and the electronic media both have their own merits and demerits．In actual fact，they are complementary rather than incompatible. A combination of the two means will better facilitate our pursuit of knowledge．(259 words)
结构评析：引言段简要提及关于知识媒介的两种观点；主体部分分为两个段落，分别阐述两种高科技媒介和书本各自的优势；结尾段中提出的中心论点超越了题目中的优劣之争：两种媒介各有优势，应当将二者结合起来。
Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Other think the purpose of museums is to educate, not to entertain. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
本题与2006年8月5日题目完全一致。是苏州新东方课堂讲义的P38 完全一致，下面就本题提供参考思路。第一段：越来越多的人开始讨论博物馆的功能，有人认为博物馆是有娱乐功能的，另外一些人认为只是教育功能。我认为both sides hold water
第二段：博物馆的教育功能：
（1）通过展示所搜集的有历史价值的物品让观众了解历史（displaying the items which are of historical value will enable the audience to know the past. History museums cover the knowledge of history and its relevance to the present and future.）后面讲解了解历史的对于我们今天行为的意义（本处可以引用老题：历史的价值）（2）科学博物馆围绕着科学成就和科学历史展开，为了展示这些东西，会使用一些互动的节目和展示。有些博物馆是关于计算机，航空，铁路，物理学，天文学，以及动物王国：Science museums and technology centers revolve around scientific achievements, and marvels and their history. To explain complicated inventions, a combination of demonstrations, interactive programs and thought-provoking media are used. Some museums may have exhibits on topics such as computers, aviation, railway, physics, astronomy, and the animal kingdom. （3）军事博物馆：Military museums specialize in military histories; they are often organized from a national point of view, where a museum in a particular country will have displays organized around conflicts in which that country has taken part. They typically include displays of weapons and other military equipment, uniforms, wartime propaganda and exhibits on civilian life during wartime, and decorations, among others.
第三段：有些博物馆寓教于乐teach through lively activities，如：一些历史博物馆通过声光电一系列的手段，加强观众对于历史的体验。在一个模拟考古区内用指定的工具进行一系列考古发掘，并将相应的发掘物免费赠送给游客。在编钟（Chime-bells ）展位附近，观众能够听到编钟演奏，这就是典型的情景互动（interactive）。
最后一段总结：现代博物馆既是一个国家、一个城市重要的文化教育机构，也是公众休闲娱乐的重要场所。
二、观点阐释型结构(一边倒)
适用题目的特点是：题目中提出一种观点，问考生是agree还是disagree；或者先提出一个问题，问考生的观点是什么。例如：
1．The spread of English and development of international tourism have some negative effects to small countries’ language and culture．Do you agree or disagree?
2．Is it fair that sports professionals earn much more money than people in other important professions? Give your opinion on this problem．
主体部分包含三个段落，详细论证引言段中所提出的论点；结尾段重述观点，回应全文的主题。即：
引言段：引入话题，表明观点(agree／disagree)
主体段1：reason 1
主体段2：reason 2
主体段3：reason 3
结尾段：重述观点(agree／disagree)
题目：Some people think that high school students should be given the freedom to evaluate and even criticize their teachers, while others claim that this practice will disrupt the order in the classroom and lead to disrespect for teachers. What is your opinion?
Nowadays whether we should give the students the freedom to comment the teachers? behavior is a challenging issue. Some people support such a practice while others take the opposite views. The opponents believe that it is hard for the teachers to maintain the classroom order and retain their respect. I agree with the latter, which is based on the following three reasons (the reasons for my choices are as follows.).62字
First of all, it is difficult for high school students to adopt a completely objective attitude towards their teachers when they are required to perform an evaluation task.(主题句) The teenagers and other youngsters are immature and full of unrealistic expectations, which means that they are inclined to give negative comment on their teachers. Consequently, some teachers who have spared no efforts to teach may feel depressed and even humiliated, which may be detrimental to quality of teaching .(to the improvement of the teaching quality.) 80 向内看：年轻—不会准确评价—老师失望—对教学质量是有害的—不应该给他权利。
What is more, such a practice may do harm to the backward students (those students who have a poor performance). If given freedom to criticize their teachers, backward students may attribute their failure to the abilities of their teachers, which may encourage the laziness of such students. This is obviously unfair and may be harmful to their academic performance .65
分情况（举特例）：差生：评价—差生归因于老师—放纵自身—不利于差生的学习
Last but not least, such a practice may disturb the normal order in the class. If high school students are free to assess their teachers, they tend to have a psychological advantage since they believe the teachers are at their mercy (under their control). In fact, an increasing number of teachers do not criticize and correct the problem students, the reason for such a phenomenon is just that they are afraid of being revenged (bad evaluation) .As a result; teachers may even lose their authority and self-respect which are essential in the normal class. 91字
向内看评价---学生有心理优势---老师不敢批评学生---老师失去尊严---对教学秩序有害。
From what we have discussed above, we can safely come to the conclusion that the right to appraise (evaluate, assess) teachers is not an appropriate method of school management. On the contrary, such a practice will not only disturb the normal classroom order, but also indulge(放纵) the students who made mistakes and leave no space for improvement. 54
例
just like men. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
In the contemporary world, in any truly enlightened countries, women play essential roles in the political, economic and cultural arenas. Yet whether ladies should be entitled to serve in the military has sparked spirited debate. Some assert that the status quo(=the present situation) should be changed and ladies should be allowed to join the armed forces. Speaking for myself, I think this view is excessively simplistic.
写法之二：In present-day society, the increase in the number of women who go into the army is accelerating ,which has aroused deep concern. Whether such a pheonomenon is right,opinions are widely divided.Some people are opposed to the fact while others take the opposite view,in my eyes ,the latter is
excessively simplistic.
①On the one hand, it is obvious that ladies joining the military may bring numerous benefits.②In the first place, history has shown that women were fully capable of performing well in the military. ③For instance, two world-renowned military figures—Joan of Arc and Mulan really put their male counterparts to shame with their outstanding performance in the army.④In the second place, from an enlightened standpoint, female patriots should be granted the right to go to the front line when their motherland is involved in a war. ⑤Considering the sweeping 有广泛影响的; 深远的progress in gender equality, there is really no sense in denying them the right to stand up for坚持(拥护,支持) their home count when war breaks out. ⑥Lastly, in the information era, computerization and digitization in the military have made it much easier for women soldiers to operate modern weapons.
①On the other hand, many people , if not most ,are strong believers in the claim that allowing ladies to join the military may carry certain risks. ②The most serious one is that this may further drive up the already high crime rate in some armies.③The recent series of sex scandals in the US navy serve as convincing proof of this risk.④However,they are oversimplifying the real situatioan and their argument can not withstand careful examination. ⑤The root reason for the sexual crimes is not the entrance of the ladies into the armay , but the lack of the rules and regulations to prohibit such cases .⑥Fortunately, the authorities have realized the problem and made out effective and efficient laws.
Overall, even though some servicewomen might be confronted with health risks or even criminal threats, ladies' rights to join the military should not be denied.
注：There is no sense in doing …做…是没有道理的eg .There is no sense in waiting here.在这里等是没有意义的。
例二：Some people think children who grow up in poor families can deal with problems more effectively in their adult years than children who are raised in rich families. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
①In present-day society, it is generally recognised that family backgrounds play a key role in our lives. ②But at the same time, controversy has arisen about whether children who are raised in families are better able to solve problems when they become adults.③Some people assert that they can generally tackle problems more effectively.④Speaking for myself, I believe their view is somewhat overly simplistic.
①It is evident that in terms of the children's physical and mental development, growing up in rich families may create numerous benefits. ②For one thing, wealthy parents can afford their children more entertainment and pleasure.③For instance, going to concerts, singing karaoke and even traveling in foreign countries help rich kids to relax their minds and bodies, which decreases the rate of children's psychological illnesses. ④Furthermore, generally speaking, kids in rich families are healthier than their poor counterparts. ⑤Obviously, they can enjoy better food and healthcare while the impoverished kids have to live on a very tight budget. ⑥Above all, wealthy parents have the financial resources to offer their offspring better education. ⑦Specifically, wealthy kids can take piano, painting or foreign language lessons after school, which greatly broadens their horizons.
①On the other hand, I admit that growing up in a poor family may help cultivate some abilities as well.
②An argument that can be made in favor of this is that many children who grow up in impoverished families have to do part-time jobs to help their parents financially. ③Clearly, that forces those adolescents to adapt to their environment more quickly than rich kids.④Even so, it is worth noting that the shortage of cash and other resources often makes such children live a stressful life . ⑤As a result, some of them may end up being overly sensitive or having low self-worth.
①To conclude, I would say that poor children may have some advantages in dealing with problems when they grow up. ②Still, I firmly believe that being rich helps children to avoid a host of physical and mental conditions ,and gives them better opportunities to learn knoeledge.③Therefore , parents should try their utmost to keep their family financially safe and stable .
例三：Some people think the media should stop reporting details of crimes to the public while others think such reports also have their advantages. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
①Nowadays, it is universally accepted that the issue of crimes is increasingly serious.②But at the same
time, controversy has arisen over whether the media should report the details of crimes. ③Some people assert that the media coverage of crime details should be banned while others claim that such reports have their own advantages. ④As far as I am concerned, I would side with the former group.
①On the one hand, we should acknowledge that reports of criminal details may carry great risks.②In the first place, they render many citizens afraid of crimes and worried about their own safety. ③Obviously, a lot of city residents will fear that the same crimes will happen to them, which can even lead to serious psychological problems.④Furthermore, media reports of criminal details are unfair for the victims of crimes. ⑤The victims who have suffered greatly from these crimes would feel they were forced to experience a nightmare again. ⑥Above all, potential criminals can learn from such reported details to avoid mistakes, which may add to the difficulty the police have in capturing criminals. ⑦It is arguable that detailed media reports of crimes are a serious threat to safety and there is a definite link between the widespread reports of crimes and the rise of the crime rate.
①On the other hand, media reports of criminal details may carry certain benefits. ②The fundamental reason for this is that such reports keep the public alert to crimes, should all these reports disappear from the media, it would be very hard for the public to know about the crimes occurring in society.③Even so, it can be noted that the news of crimes spread by the media is often exaggerated.④Therefore, the public may have a hard time deciding how dependable an alarming crime report would be.
①To conclude, although detailed reports of crimes may have their own advantages, I firmly believe that they bring us great risks. ②Therefore, we should encourage the media to inform the public about the criminal acts, but not in great detail.
例四： If a product is good and necessary, people will buy it, the advertisement will just be a kind of entertainment! To what extent do you agree or disagree?（2009年4月18日）
第一段：提出现象，现代社会广告随处可见，但是对于广告的作用众说纷纭。有人认为好产品不需要做广告，我不同意此观点。
第二段：讲解好产品需要广告推销的理由：
（1）一些产品质量虽然好，但是别人不一定知道，因而也不会购买，厂家会受损失。
（2）有些产品如果不通过广告推广的话，顾客也不会对之产生需求。举例：电动的水果削皮机electric peeling machine by electricity。以前手动削皮不方便，现在有新的产品能够方便人们的生活。
（3）有些老产品会出新的功能，没有广告的推广的话也不会为人所知。举例：移动运营商宣传手机的上网功能(W AP phone )Modern cell phones are more than just phones-they are being used as cameras and radios, and to send e-mail or surf the internet.现代手机不仅仅是电话—它们也当作照相机、收音机使用，还可以发送电子邮件或上网冲浪。
（4）好产品做广告，会使人们以拥有该产品为荣take pride in owning such a product，形成一种时尚attain a fashion,同时建立并增强顾客的忠诚度build and increase brand loyalty（本论点参考04年A类老题：广告能否决定人们的需求）
第三段：让步段：我承认产品的质量最重要，没有好的质量的产品做后盾的话，这样的广告就是虚假广告，商家必将砸了自己的招牌，回了自己的声誉。举例：三鹿奶粉。（Sanlu Group, a leading Chinese dairy producer, was found that some of its baby milk powder products were contaminated by tripolycyanamide which is detrimental to the baby?s physical and mental health. The crisis has already roiled the dairy industry, with widespread recalls after the industrial chemical melamine was found in milk powder）
最后一段：总结一下，质量很重要，但是好产品也需要好的宣传，只有这样消费者和厂家才能双赢（achieve a double win result）
例五：Nowadays people live in the society where consumer goods are relatively cheaper to buy. Do you think its advantages outweigh its disadvantages? （2009年4月4日）
首先要明白consumer goods 是消费品的意思，若本词的意思不了解话，很可能写偏题。本题貌似是新题，但是我在新东方课程上一直强调任何一道新题都可以在老题中找到蛛丝马迹，本题也是如此。事实上雅思考试中每年至少2道关于生活方式的题目。此类题目可能会从衣食住行购物休闲这几大角度考查人们生活方式的改变：（1）衣：人们更加注重衣着的时尚性Wear stylish clothing （03年考查过）（2）食：快餐流行（07年6月16日），国外进口的食物越来越多（07年4月28日）（3）住：人们倾向于到小城镇
居住（08年2月14日）（4）行：飞机等快捷的出行方式出现（06年2月18日）（5）购物：奢侈品在人们的消费比重中越来越多（6）休闲娱乐：旅游的人越来越多.
就本题而言可以采用一边倒的方法来答题：
第一段：表明作者的观点：消费品越来越便宜对人们来说是有利的。
第二段：阐述消费品便宜的3大好处（1）使消费者有更好的工作条件，可以用有限的资金购买以前所没法买到的商品，如电脑，很多年前价格过于昂贵致使普通人无力购买can not afford them,现在价格下降之后，电脑能够为人们所拥有，便于提高效率（借鉴A类老题：05年电脑的利弊）(2)使消费者能够享受到更好的生活条件elevate the living standards。如可以买到很多的便宜的进口食品，使人们享口福satisfy their taste （借鉴07年04月28日，飞机空运食物的利弊）（3）对销售者而言，薄利多销（cut down the profit margin in order to sell more或者small profits and quick returns）。具体而言，削减价格，从而提高销量，便于消除存货（reduce stocks ）,在金融危机（financial crisis ）背景下，这一点尤其重要。
第三段：让步段。很多人认为消费品便宜的坏处有：商家恶性降价破坏竞争秩序（undermine the social order），同时价格下降之后很多商家为了牟利不得不偷工减料Use inferior materials and turn out substandard products，最终使消费者受损。这里我们要反驳对方观点：很多国家的法律都严惩不正当竞争行为unfair competition ,同时那些偷工减料的生产者一定会遭到严惩，举例中国的三鹿奶粉。
最后一段总结一下：尽管很多人认为消费品价格便宜有一些潜在的风险，但是用法律是能够规制的，事实上消费品价格便宜对消费者和生产商都是有好处的。
有时，对题目中的观点无论是简单地agree还是简单地disagree都不妥当，这时可以在引言段中采取第三种观点，即部分地同意题目中的观点(partially agree)。在这种情况下，宜将主体部分分为两个段落，分别阐述考生同意的部分和不同意的部分。结尾段总结全文、重述观点。这种具体问题具体分析的写法往往比简单的同意或者不同意更能显示考生思想的深刻性，这种立论往往能使文章脱颖而出。最新的评分动向表明，如果考生能够在分析题目中两派观点的基础上得出自己的独到观点，更容易得高分。这时文章的框架结构表现为：
引言段：引入话题，表明观点(partially agree)
主体段1：aspect 1
主体段2：aspect 2
结尾段：总结全文，重述观点
例一：Most countries spend a large amount of money in weapons to defend themselves though they are not at war. These countries should spend money to help their citizens who are poor and disadvantaged. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement.
①Nowadays in almost all countries astronomical sums are being spent in making sophisticated weapons in the name of defending themselves，even though they are actually 1iving in peace．②Some people are of the opinion that these countries should spend money helping those living in poverty instead of making weapons．③I, however , find it hard to agree with them fully.
①On the one hand，I believe a country is supposed to develop sophisticated weapons for its own security．②The reason is quite simple：③Only when it possesses weapons to defend itself against any foreign invasion can a country live in real and permanent peace. ④Another reason for developing weapons is that weapon-related research has always spearheaded(引导) scientific and technological development，which in turn serves civilian purposes in the end．⑤A case in point is nuclear technology．⑥Though initially aimed at turning out a deadly weapon，nuclear energy is now widely used to power the world and has been hailed as a promising solution to the energy crisis which has plagued the world for decades．
①On the other hand，a country should not put too much money into developing weapons．②This is especially true in a country where a large proportion of its population live in absolute poverty．③The government should be sensible enough to first of all make sure that the living standard of the people is steadily improving
when investing money in defense．④History proved repeatedly that poverty and hunger are always the sources of social unrest, which can lead to a catastrophe for a country in the long run．
①In the final analysis，when making its budget plan，the government should strike a balance between developing weapons and enhancing the lives of the people，both of which are crucial to the security of the country．(280words)
例二：Some people think it is more important for government to spend money on promoting healthy lifestyle in order to prevent illnesses than the treatment for people who are already ill. To what extent do you agree or disagree?（2009年3月28日）
第一段：提出题目中某些人的观点，最后一句话表明作者自己的观点：他们的观点过于简单化了。
第二段：一方面把政府应该把一部分钱花在提倡健康的生活方式上面，原因有三：1、对于大部分疾病而言预防的成本远远小于治疗的成本（从经济角度考虑）2、尽管科技的进步带动了医疗的进步，但是一些基本如AIDS、SARS、癌症是没有解决的方案的（从科技角度考虑）3、身患疾病不管最后能否治愈对患者及其家人精神上都会造成很大的负担（从情感角度考虑）
第三段：另一方面政府也应当将一部分钱花在治疗疾病上面。原因在于：1、有些疾病的发病的原因尚不清楚，所以无从预防2、有些患者无钱治疗政府有义务提供救助，因为政府的功能之一就是提供社会保障（social security）(参考02年老题：政府应该投资教育医疗还是投资体育设施歌剧院)
最后总结一下：政府应该在治疗疾病和倡导健康的生活方式以预防疾病二者之间寻求一个平衡（strike a balance），二者不可偏废，唯有如此才能促进个人健康与国家发展。
三、分析解决型结构
①结构1：35553
引言段：引入问题或现象
主体段l：cause 1
主体段2：cause 2
主体段3：cause 3
结尾段：提出解决措施
例题见P4
结构2：3773
引言段：引入问题或现象
主体段l：分析三个原因
主体段2：给出三个解决方案
结尾段：总结原因和方案
What are the causes of water scarcity? Explain your own solutions to it.
开头段
⑴In present-day society, the human race is advancing at an staggering rate in a host of arenas.
⑵However, attending all the benefits created by high-tech innovations have come some sufferings; and the lack of fresh water is manifest among them.
⑶A recent survey conducted by Greenpeace revealed that over two thirds of the nations in the world were afflicted with severe water shortage.
⑷Hence, it is essential that we ascertain the causes of this phenomenon and identify the effective solutions.
主体段1
As I see it, the causes of the present water crisis are multiple.
⑴First of all, it is generally arguable that the population explosion is the root cause of the crisis.
⑵To illustrate, over the past half century, the world population has more than doubled and this growth rate shows no sign of slowing down; therefore, household and industrial use of water has been shooting up since the end of World War II.
⑶Further, the widespread deterioration of the Earth’s ecosystem is a major cause of this situation.
⑷For instance, currently a vast number of factories dump their waste into rivers and lakes, which seriously undermines the world’s ecosystem.
⑸Finally, the overexploitation of water resources plays a pivotal role in water shortage.
⑹Obviously, today only in very few countries do the citizens have the awareness of the importance of saving water and using water properly. As a consequence, a vast amount of fresh water is wasted on a daily basis.
主体段2
Given the severity of the water shortage, we have no option but to take stringent measures to address this problem.
⑴To begin with, governments in all countries should give priority to the controlling of the staggering increase of the population
⑵More specifically, it is essential that other nations learn from China’s success in curbing its population surge over the past two decades.
⑶Then, the concept of sustainable development should be propagated in the international community.（国际社会）
⑷Indeed, any form of overexploiting natural resources must be forbidden while preservation of the ecosystem should be respected, honored and funded.
⑸Last but not least, man must do his utmost to find alternative sources of fresh water.
⑹For example, research has proved that we can transform seawater into drinking water with the help of modern technology
结尾段
⑴In sum , causes of the shortage of fresh water are manifold.
⑵Therefore, we should take effective steps, including birth control, promotion of sustainable development and research about new water resources, to alleviate this modern-day scourge（造成灾难的人或事物）.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?（有人认为自己不应该交税给国家，你是否同意）
Outline 35553结构
I.Introduction—disagree
II.Body：论述税收的用途
A. A society of security国家安全
1.Support the national defense（国防）such as police and military
2.Shorten the gap between the rich and the poor
3.Supply the social welfare（社会福利）for the old and the unemployed
B. A market of sustainable development
1.Improve the infrastructure（基础设施）such as transportation system
2.Macro-supervision（宏观调控）over inflation/deflation/financial system
C. A mental world of flourishing mind（活跃的思想）
1.Support the artistic projects
2.Support the educational industry
3.Improve public facility 公共设施such as libraries and museums
III.Conclusion—Repetition
本题参考顾家北的P175 政府投资类题目
2.There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do
they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phone?
（手机的使用带来了社会、医学、技术问题。这些问题以什么形式出现，手机带来的问题是否多于其好处。）Outline 本题有两个问题，所以中间段落分两段写作。
I. Introduction—Disagree
II. Body
A. Problems
1. Social: potential dangers of isolation, junk short messages and privacy
2. Medical: radiation, noise, might hurt hearing
3. Technical: signal interference
B. Benefits > problems
1. Social: bridge the information gap; instantaneous communication; employment and relevant industries
2. Medical: function in emergency
3. Technical: leisure industry
4、Employment：relevant industries
III. Conclusion—repetition
3.In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or
negative effects on the society?
（老人越来越多，利大还是弊大？）
Outline 采取3753
I.Introduction—negative > positive
II.Body
A．advantage:
1、valuable experience
2、promote the development of medical care
3、create a fresh need for some professions such as insurance(保险) and savings(储蓄)
B．让步段：
Youth unemployment 反驳：年轻人失业的真正原因不是老人增多。
III.Conclusion—concession + repetition
本题参考顾家北的P284的弱势群体专题
4.More and more measures to improve the security in the urban area have been introduced because of the
increasing crime rate. Do the benefits of the measures outweigh the drawbacks?
Outline：3753
I.Introduction—benefits > drawbacks
II.Body
A.1、Personal security especially for those who live alone
2、Deterrent to criminals
3、Create a harmonious and stable environment (创造和谐稳定的环境)
B.让步段：可能会耗费政府的大量资金。反驳：The rule of law and good public order are the cornerstones
of ecomomic success.法治和良好的治安是经济成功的基石。
III.Conclusion—concession + repetition
5.In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation.
What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individual and the society? Give reasons and make some suggestions.