江苏常州市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（3）及答案【含短文语法填空讲解】
高考英语语法填空考前精讲精练（答案）
短文填词专项解读
2009年以来，高考英语(福建卷)第二卷第四部分“写作”的第一节为“短文填词”，共设10小题，每小题1分，满分10分，要求考生阅读一篇短文并根据汉语提示、首字母提示或语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上，所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
尽管考生在备考的过程中做了大量的短文填词练习，然而从近五年的高考实践看，考生这一部分的得分率偏低。那么在复习过程中，如何备考才能提高得分呢？笔者愿以近五年引导学生备考的做法及感悟，与大家分享。
一、再现真题，感悟考点。
(一) 请完成以下三篇短文填词。
(1) 2013(福建卷)短文填词
Every individual is a member of a group called the community, and it
is the duty of every citizen ask what he can do for his community. 76.
A good citizen (相信) that he should serve the 77.
community and not the community serve h . As students, 78.
there are many ways in you can serve the community. 79.
Above all, however, you have to acquire a certain amount of
skill and experience b you can be of service to others. 80.
Your school has lots of (活动) which prepare you 81.
good citizenship. Many school societies train students 82.
to become good citizens who later p in volunteer work 83.
and serve the public in t of need. If you serve your community, 84.
you will grow to be a good citizen with a strong sense of 85. responsibility.
(2) 2012(福建卷)短文填词
People often don’t do what they really want to for fear of
failure. You don’t apply for a job case you don’t get it.76.
You don’t perform at the school concert b others might 77.
laugh at you. A lack of confidence can l to a lot of 78.
suffering. The key to o this problem is to believe in 79.
yourself. This might be (容易) said than done, but there 80.
are many w to help you do this. Talk about your problem 81.
with a friend or look advice on the Internet. Imagine 82.
yourself being (成功) and practice breathing techniques 83. to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the important 84. thing is: believe you can do it. When you’ve (学会) to do 85. that, you are well on your way.
(3) 2011(福建卷)短文填词
Sport is necessary for everyone. It helps you keep fit. Fitness is
i if you want to be healthy throughout your life. The best 76. way to keep fit is to get plenty exercise by doing sport. 77.
According to (科学家), doing sport can benefit 78. people a lot mentally as well as physically. The sport 79. they do, the happier they will f . Besides, sport can help 80. people develop will and determination. These qualities help people
achieve their goals b they will not give up so easily when 81.
(面对) difficulties. What’s more, sport builds team spirit,82. which is good for the whole society. It helps people work (密切) 83. and smoothly and think about , not just themselves. 84.
In c , sport is good for your health and happiness, and 85. for society.
(二) 请核对答案并将自己的答案与正确答案备注。
从备注的错误中可以看出，常见的错误有：
(1) 词形未变化。如：。
(2) 拼写错误。如：。
(3) 其他。如：。
(三) 2009年至2013年高考(福建卷)短文填词考点一览表及简析。
短文填词是写作的一部分，文章的篇幅在120-130个单词之间，约12行，共设10小题，每小题的答案一般都具有唯一性的特点。短文填词与书面表达文章难度设定大体一致。
从以上表格可以看出，短文填词重点考查单词拼写，语言基础知识，语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。具体的考点是以实词(动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词)为主，兼顾虚词(介词、连词)。
(1) 难点在于词形变化，主要是动词、名词及代词的变化。如，2013年81题的activities。
(2) 连词与三大从句有关，而介词与习惯搭配有关，均是常考点。如，2013年82题考查了prepare sb. for sth.的习惯搭配。
(3) 应特别注意尽管没有词形变化，但平时容易拼错的词。如，2011年78题的scientists 及85题的conclusion等。
(4) 复习备考时多注意常用词句、固定句型或搭配，甚至谚语的积累。2013年短文填词中it is the duty of every citizen to ask what he can do for his community这一句是it is the duty of sb. to do sth.的固定搭配。2012年短文填词中This might be easier said than done这一句是由谚语It is easier said than done改写的，因此要引起对于谚语的重视。2011年The more sport they do, t he happier…与2010 年when it comes to practicing our musical instruments 属于固定句型。2009年If possible，是固定搭配。
(5) 要熟练掌握篇章连接词。如，2009年Firstly…Then…After that…Lastly…；2010年First of all…Besides that…In addition…Worst of all…及2011年Besides…What’s more,…等。
(6) 注意篇章与语境。2012年84题填most是由于之前已经谈了几条建议。
(7) 从基础词法与句法做出判断。如，2009年84题填which，因为这是一个非限制性定语
从句。2010年77题填need，因为助动词don’t后面必为动词原形。2011年80题填feel，因为the happier是形容词，属于主系表结构。2012年85题填learnt/learned，因为they’ve=they have, 这里的have是完成时结构中的助动词，后面必为过去分词。2013年79题填which, 因为这是一个定语从句.
二、2014年短文填词备考技巧各个击破。
(一) 词形变化。
(1) 动词
1. Scientists discovered the water by h____ a bit of the soil to 835 degrees in the chemistry lab.
2. All the cats in the café were ____ (遭遗弃的) cats that were adopted from rescue centers.
3. He removed a piece of bread from his pocket and ____ a bite.
4. The research p____ in the Journal Neuron last month also proved the point.
5. Hundreds of angry people b____ the windows, set fire to the offices and drew graffiti (乱画) on
the walls.
6. The government ____ (派遣) hundreds of police officers to guard the local buildings last
Saturday.
7. A teacher warned that children t____ to look like superstars on TV would end up with
unhappiness.
8. If a____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
9. As he coughed and choked, he jumped up and down, ____ (喊叫) loudly.
10. He said he never understood why people ____ (关注) so much on what he did.
11. She began making model planes and ____ (收集) books and magazines about planes when she
was a little girl.
12. ____ (选择) a subject is not going to be easy.
13. With such unhealthy air quality, some simple ways are ____ (推荐) for you to reduce higher
risk of health problems.
14. They kept the clothes that they already had, and stopped b____ any more.
15. Problems ____ (出现) when our computer and television broke down.
Key:
1. heating
2. abandoned
3. took/had
4. published
5. broke
6. sent
7. trying
8. asked
9. shouting 10. focused
11. collecting12. Choosing13. recommended14. buying 15. arose
(2) 名词、形容词与副词
1. The next time you feel ____ (无聊的), play a game or cards.
2. I was enjoying the busy traffic with people rushing in every possible ____ (方向) when we got stuck at a very busy crossroads.
3. Are dolphins more i____ than other animals?
4. The government wants to make sure that all local schools have ____ (相似的) standards.
5. All through the Middle Ages, chickens only laid eggs for part of the year, m____ in the spring.
6. With the i____ of pottery(陶器) about 5,000 BC, boiling food gradually became more common.
7. If you have any suggestions, please speak to me d____.
8. A week without water can e____ kill the average person.
9. Just as New York Times says, this is a book with the ____ (有魔力的) power to inspire and comfort its readers.
10. I had an ____ (预约) with Dr. Green last Friday.
11. My experiment was soon finished, and it made a deep ____ (印象) on me.
12. Worry and anxiety can turn into physical and emotional symptoms quickly, e____ for younger
age groups.
Key:
1. bored
2. direction
3. intelligent
4. similar
5. mainly
6. invention
7. directly
8. easily
9. magic 10. appointment
11. impression 12. especially
(3) 代词
1. Mice who ate nuts made improvements in learning and memory, compared with ____ who
didn’t ate nuts.
2. This poor little boy who had only one piece of bread shared ____ immediately with the dog.
3. I thanked him for his good wishes and wished ____ luck in his future life.
4. Since nobody gave her any help, she must have done the research on ____ own.
5. We appreciate how important ____ is for parents and kids to spend quality time together.
Key:1. those 2. it 3. him 4. her 5. it
(二) 常见拼写错误词汇。
1. The captain was visiting the island and wanted to know if the soldiers had any ____ (抱怨).
2. A survey found that over half of schoolchildren lacked ____ (信心) because of their body shape.
3. Dweck and her colleagues asked 87 college students to describe their ____ (信仰).
4. Turkey ____ (宣布) that it had decided to talk with AgustaWestland to produce the helicopter.
5. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with p____.
6. He spent the rest of his life trying to pay little attention to his ____ (成就).
7. As a teenager, he got his driving ____ at the age of 16.
8. It seems that the old tradition of children getting a bedtime story before sleeping is ____ (消失) in Britain.
9. Parents came up with a v____ of reasons why they did not spend more time with their little ones.
10. They have held a singing c____ for children under ten and a 7-year-old girl won first place at
last.
Key:
1. complaint(s)
2. confidence
3. beliefs
4. announced
5. patience
6. achievement(s)
7. license
8. disappearing
9. variety 10. competition
(三) 简单句、并列句与复合句。
1. Hundreds of students ____ are interested in the program joined the athletes in the streets.
2. Read this story, ____ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
3. The teacher was angry because we had the same answers in the test. We were warned not to cheat again, ____ she would see our parents.
4. It’s not easy to change habits, ____ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.
5. She says that she’ll have to close the shop ____ the business improves.
6. ____ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
7. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ____ they live.
8. We have launched another man-made satellite, ____ is announced in today’s newspaper.
9. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ____ are family members.
10. Happiness and success often come to those ____ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
11. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ____ close you may be to victory.
12. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ____ he remembers starting
as early as his childhood.
13. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.
14. Police have found ____ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
15. Experts believe ____ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
Key:
1. who
2. and
3. or
4. but
5. unless
6. What
7. where
8. which
9. whom 10. who 11. how 12. which 13. whose 14. what 15. that
(四) 牢记固定短语、搭配或句型。
1. These types of games are so interesting ____ they can improve one’s intelligence.
2. You should have a good rest. ____ the other hand, eat more fruit and vegetables!
3. Not only are nuts the perfect snack for a summer road trip, they ____ keep your mind sharp.
4. In this season, there is plenty ____ daylight but it isn’t too hot.
5. Around 55 per cent of teachers reported that girls were more sensitive ____ comments about
their looks.
6. Many young people are on a ____ to make themselves attractive.
7. T____ to physical scientist, Quoc Truong, you may not have to worry about your dry cleaning bill ever again!
8. I think it makes no difference whether the teachers are using red ____ blue pens to grade papers.
9. If we had booked a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here ____ a queue.
10. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by c____ a
long lost antique Greek vase.
Key: 1. that 2. On 3. also4. of 5. to 6. diet 7. Thanks 8. or9. in 10. chance
(五) 语篇、语境、逻辑及一致关系。
1. A serious study of physics is impossible ____ some knowledge of mathematics.
2. The boy waited ____ he was sure the dog was gone, and then he picked up the bread and ate it!
3. It is said that people have been eating eggs ____ about six million years ago.
4. If one o____ loses self-confidence, he can never expect to be successful.
5. B____ you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library for a book about it.
6. Eve n if you’ve lost something, let ____ go and move on. That’s better than continuing to lose.
7. Smog(雾霾) hurts people’s eyes, nose, and throat, which can make it more difficult for the body to f____ against an infection.
8. As millions of students return to school this year, a lot of students need effective methods to a____ to the change.
Key: 1. without 2. until/till 3. since 4. once 5. Before 6. it 7. fight 8. adapt
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
If, for some reason, you had 2, 010 empty plastic bottles, what would you do? You’d probably sell them cheaply, right? But Xia Yu collected 2, 010 bottles and built a boat with them. As you read this, Xia is, in fact, on a river somewhere in Anhui, slowly going towards his destination: the Expo Garden in Shanghai. 2, 010 plastic bottles was to celebrate Expo (世博会)2010 Shanghai. On the opening day of the Expo, Xia, together with five friends, went on a 1, 500 kilometres’ journey from Xiangtan to the Expo Garden, in spite of the doubt whet her they’ll make it. After all, the boat they are on can hardly be called a boat. It cost only 2, 000 yuan to build in a month.
What’s keeping Xia going is a major cause behind the trip. “We are examining water pollution through our journey and trying to promote a low-carbon (低碳)lifestyle. Before we started, no one believed we could sail the boat to the Dongting Lake. But we made it.”But as they expected, the journey has not always been smooth. Of the six from Xiangtan, four gave up. As of the press time (到发稿时), only Xia and his friend Huang Ying were on the boat. Huang suffered from a disease when they reached Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. Xia said, “There are so many things that can stop up from making it to Shanghai, like the weather, health, and sometimes swift river water.”
“The boat was produced in a factory according to our design, and perhaps it’s not in a very good condition. But,”Xia said, “we are wearing life jackets”. “Some boats passing by offered help.”What is more of a reward for Xia and Huang i s that the Yangtze River turned out much cleaner than they had expected. Although Xia and Huang are uncertain about the journey ahead, they are “quite happy”with what they have already achieved. “After all, it’s not the destination that counts. It’s always the course that matters the most.”
1. Xia Yu doubts the success of the journey because of______.
A. such a long journey on the river
B. the poor boat and the bad weather
C. few people taking part in the journey
D. the seriously polluted river in some parts
2. Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the journey?
A. To examine water pollution.
B. To celebrate Expo 2010 Shanghai.
C. To win a race on the water.
D. To promote a low-carbon lifestyle.
3. From the text we know that______.
A. they stay on the boat at night
B. three people gave up due to their bad health
C. Xia Y u and his mate have arrived in Shanghai
D. Huang suffered from a disease on the journey
4. The last paragraph tells us Xia Yu and Huang Ying______.
A. pay more attention to the process
B. are sure to arrive at the destination
C. helped turn the Yangtze River cleaner
D. are happy because of their final success
【参考答案】34.BCDA
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I didn’t realize how short I was until I started sch ool. There, a few kids picked on(欺负)me, calling me names. Then I knew. After that, I began to hate the first day of school each year. I didn’t know who was new and would stare at me as I struggled to climb the school bus stairs. Some of the kids would poin t and say, “Look at that kid. Look at her.”
As time went on, I just tried to smile and accept the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life. I was determined to make my uniqueness an advantage rather than a disadvantage. My friends became increasin gly protective. They’d help me up the bus steps. If people were cruel, they would take them aside and correct them.
What I lacked in height, I made up for in personality—my ability to laugh, even at myself. For example, one time I was reaching into the wa shing machine at my parents’ house to grab the wet clothes. I fell all the way in and yell for Mother, who was sitting nearby reading the paper. Watching feet flying everywhere, she laughed quietly and said, “I should leave you there.”I laughed with her.
I’m 47 now, and the stares have not decreased as I’ve grown older. People ask my friends if I live in a dollhouse. They look in disbelief when they see me get out of my car on the driver’s side. During those times, I try to keep a good attitude. When peopl e are rude, I remind myself, “Look what else I have—a great family, nice friends. . .”
1. What is the main idea of the second and third paragraphs?
A. How the writer changed her disadvantage to advantage.
B. The writer’s friends and mother loved her deep ly.
C. The writer had many friends helping her.
D. The writer had the ability to laugh.
2. By saying “the stares have not decreased”in the last paragraph, the author suggests that______.
A. she is able to live a happy life like a normal person
B. she i sn’t afraid of being noticed by others any more
C. some people still don’t treat her as a normal person
D. more and more people treat her with respect now
3. How is the author feeling now about her situation?
A. Quite optimistic.
B. Very satisfied.
C. Deeply upset.
D. Rather anxious.
4. We can infer that the author believes that______.
A. society should help the disabled as much as possible
B. only your parents and friends can help you
C. what people say about you is none of your business
D. all people should be treated with respect
【参考答案】35.ACAD
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
2016年江苏省高考英语试卷及答案(Word版)
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分） 做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt? A.￡ 19.15. B.￡ 9.18. C.￡ 9.15. 答案是C。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Tell Kate’s to stop. B. Call Kate’s friends. C. Stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean? A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air.
海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（6）（答案） 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “The U．S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)is considering to put stricter limits over tanning salons(晒黑廊)and wants to ban anyone younger than 18 years of age from using a tanning bed，”an advisory panel(专家团)announced last week. The panel is calling for tighter controls on the industry such as requiring teenagers to get the approval from their parents before using tanning beds or limiting the use of artificial tanning to a certain age.“Given the absence of any demonstra ted benefits，I think it is an obligation for us to ban artificial tanning for those under 18，”said panelist Dr.Michael Olding. Along with a possible ban for teenagers，the panel also recommended that visible warning labels should be placed either on the tanning machines or in the salons in order to caution tanners of the possible dangers.In addition，the committee decided that stricter regulations and classifications were critical to make the machines safe r.At this time the machines are categorized as FDA Class 1 devices，the ones that are least likely to cause harm.In case the FDA decided to change their classification from Class 1 to Class 2，as advised by the panel，the FDA could limit the levels of radiation the machines emit.Class 2 devices include X-ray m achines and powered wheelchairs. Getting a tan，whether from a tanning bed or the sun，increases the risk of developing skin https://www.doczj.com/doc/e61519584.html,st year，the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)decla red tanning beds as “carcin ogenic(致癌的)to humans”．It was discovered that young individuals in their teens and 20s who use tanning beds on a regular basis have a 75 per cent higher risk of suffering from melanoma(黑素瘤)，the deadliest form of skin cancer.According to the American Cancer Society，melanoma accounted for nearly 69,000 cases of skin cancer in 2009 and will account for most (about 8,650)of the 11,590 mortality cases due to skin cancer each year. 【语篇解读】随着人们审美观的变化，越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤。于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生。晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗？专家告诉我们并非如此。针对这种情况，美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢？ 20．According to the passage，what measures will U．S.FDA most probably take? A．Banning tanning salons. B．Posing heavier tax over tanning salons.
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 2016年江苏高考英语卷总评 2016年江苏高考英语卷总体难度较前三年有所降低，紧扣高中英语课程标准的教学要求，对考生在英语听力、词汇、语法、英语知识综合应用、阅读理解、书面表达等知识和能力进行了全面、深入的考察。整体稳定，注重基础，贴近生活，努力将知识和能力的考查融为一体，难易结合，体现了英语高考改革的趋势。 听力： 听力部分沿用全国卷听力，除了Text10部分语速稍快，前面9段材料语速比较正常，总体难度不算大，和往年相似，考查的都是平时常用的功能性用语，考查形式以细节信息、语音辨析、意图推测、结论判断等题型为主。单选：“中规中矩” 单选部分同往年相同，强调在语境中理解词汇的意思。侧重对词汇和词组的考查，考点为名词性从句、动词、动词词组、形容词副词、非谓语、情景交际等，贴近生活实际。重视语法基础，题量和重点语法点基本没变，难度有所下降，只要学生正常发挥，不要被平时难题所影响，应该可以拿满分。 完形填空是一个有关人生感悟的故事。“John”在和陌生人交流以后反思人生，这篇完形填空仍以名词、动词和词组、及形容词副词为主，词汇为较为常用的高频词。几乎所有的答案都可以在上下文中找到串联痕迹，这也是理解这篇完形填空的重要线索。 阅读部分“题量设置沿袭过去两年，难度有所降低” 今年与往年相比较，阅读部分是难度下降最多的，主要体现在词汇、长难句和文章的整体理解，设题以细节理解题为主，推理判断为辅。 A篇是一篇说明文介绍网络课程，文章以短句为主，难度一般，使用关键词定位法可以直接找到答案。B篇是科技说明文，说明了黑猩猩的主观能动性，比去年的B篇相比难度下降较多。C篇为说明文，主要介绍厄尔尼诺现象，本文与时事结合较为紧密，话题也是考生较为熟悉的，但本文中的专业词汇和长难句对理解有一定影响。D 篇是记叙文，介绍了牙买加女运动员的励志故事，难度较去年也有较大的下降，集中考查细节题。 任务型阅读是这份试卷中最有区分度的，说明了科技对人们生活的积极影响，文章结构清晰，依然考查了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面的知识与能力。较难的概括提炼的部分，也是区分优秀生和中等生的关键。书面表达：“旧瓶装新酒” 延续前两年“读写任务型”写作，总字数要求不变，凸显了考生分析材料的能力，写作便于考生写出紧扣主题的个性化内容。讨论话题为“网络投票”，建议使用“with复合结构”开始，提出网络投票的积极作用和消极作用两方面。我们可以根据网络投票的正反两面性梳理好观点，根据相应的功能句型，应该能得到不错的分数。
高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly. The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical and plumbing (管道装置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concrete—both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house 17°C cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside. The village is the brainchild (主意) of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think of how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process. The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals from the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving only your “footprints”. （1）What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The reason for buying fewer drinks. B. The difficult situation of wildlife. C. The amount of plastic waste. D. The seriousness of plastic pollution. （2）What is the biggest benefit to people living in the Plastic Bottle Village? A. The house will be much cooler than normal ones. B. The material of construction will be reduced a lot. C. The newly-made house can save a lot of electricity. D. The waste of the house can be consumed by fish and birds. （3）Which of the following words can best describe Robert? A. Creative. B. Courageous. C. Enthusiastic. D. Sensitive.（4）The main purpose of Robert's projects is to A. provide shelter for locals B. reuse all deserted plastic bottles C. popularize the use of plastic bottles D. raise people's environmental awareness 【答案】（1）D （2）A
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.