张宇老师作文模板讲义
作文A
A．应用文或摘要
I．书信格式
1、称呼（根据写信对象是否确定有所不同；左上角顶格）
A、收信人不确定
Dear Sir or Madam, Dear Sir / Madam,
B、收信人确定
Dear President/ Professor /Manager/ Editor (Michael) Wang,
C、收信人是朋友
2、正文（包括目的、内容和致谢+期待三部分构成）
3、落款
(1)祝福语（根据需要选择使用）
Best wishes! / The best regards!
(2)签名（看清试题要求的落款名；左下角空格）
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
II．正文格式
1．写信目的
目的：I am writing the letter in purpose of … (subscribing to …/ applying for …/ resigning from the present position of …/ inquiring about…/ notifying you of …/ expressing my appre ciation to your…/ making apology to you for my…/ expressing my opinions on …/ inviting you to …/ making a complaint about …/ congratulating you for your …/ showing my sympathy for your….)
2．内容（内容要具体，信息要准确）
3．致谢+ 期待
致谢：I will be very grateful if you tak e … seriously and finally …. (if you take my resignation seriously and finally approve it./ if you spend your time telling me something about …/ if you take my application seriously and offer me an interview./ if you take my invitation seriously and finally accept it./ if you forgive my carelessness and ignorance./ if you have the goods I ordered delivered presently./ if you can deal with my complaint in the shortest time.)
期待回信：I am looking forward to your early reply (hearing from you soon). / I’m looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
III. 重点书信范例
Exercise 1
Directions:
You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to
1) Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;
2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address.
Dear President,
I am writing this letter in purpose of expressing my appreciation for your hospitality accorded to me and my delegation during our visit to your center.
During the entire visit, my delegation and I were overwhelmed by the enthusiasm expressed by you and your assistants. I hope we could have more exchanges like this one so that we could be able to further our discussion to explore the feasible ways to expand our cooperation.
I am looking forward to your early visit to our center when I will be able to pay back the hospitality we received.
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Wei (102 words) Exercise 2
Directions:
You have worked in your company for three years and you find the present position is not suit for you and write a letter to your manager to ask for resignation.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address.
Dear Manager,
I regret to inform you that I’ve decided to resign from my present position, effective from
March 1st.
Three years ago I was so lucky to get the opportunity to work for our company. In our company I have learned a lot and got a valuable experience, but I am keen on personnel management and I have been offered such an opportunity in Huanghe Company.
I hope my resignation would not cause you much inconvenience. Thank you for your kind consideration and I would be grateful if you could let me have a reference letter before I leave.
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Wei (103 words)
Exercise 3
Directions:
You bought a mobile phone and you find it shuts itself down. Write a complaint letter to the manager of store to ask for a new one.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address.
Dear Manager,
I’m writing this letter in purpose of com plaining about your after-sale service.
Three days ago, I purchased a mobile phone, Moto 1080, in your chain stores named East Division. I regret to tell you that only two days after the purchase, it shuts itself down automatically several times a day. I brought it back to the store in hope of exchanging it for a new one, but the request was turned down.
I will be grateful if you take my complaint seriously and finally see to it. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei (100 words)
Exercise 4
Directions:
Your company is going to open a branch in a city. Write a letter to your regular clients to tell them the news.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. U se “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address.
Dear Mr/Ms,
This letter is intended to inform you of the opening of Beijing Branch of our company.
Owing to the large expansion in the volume of our trade, we have decided to open a branch in Beijing, with Mr. Wang Lei as manager, covering the northern part of China. The new branch will open on 1st March and from that date on orders and enquiries from northern China can go to Mr. Wang Lei.
We take this opportunity to express our thanks for your firm support in the past. We hope the new arrangements will lead to even better cooperation.
Yours faithfully
Zhang Wei (104 words)
Exercise 5
Directions:
Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to
1) congratulate him/her, and
2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
Dear Li Ming,
Congratulations on your being admitted to Peking University. Your hard work has paid off and we’re all so proud of you.
It is advisable to think about how to get prepared for the university life in advance before setting out for the new journey. To begin with, get ready for the independence of parents in life and emotion. More importantly, get ready to place as much emphasis on academic achievements as on interpersonal communication.
I wish you have a brilliant start in university life and do not hesitate to contact me if you have any problem.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei （103 words）
摘要
摘要是对文章大意的总结，所以摘要的第一句内容是文章要探讨的话题、解决的问题、介绍的方法、表述的现象等等，以下各句分述文章中的论点、方法、看法等,最后一句一般是结论句。这些要点最好从所给汉语文章中找到，然后将其翻译成英语。
就业难问题须客观认识
根据人力资源和社会保障部2009 年7 月23 日的通报，2010 年劳动力供大于求的矛盾将进一步加剧，届时需要安排就业人数达2400万人。这2400万人中有1300万人为城镇新增劳动力，800万人为下岗失业人员，这两大群体构成了2010年就业工作的主要部分。此外,明年应届高校毕业生将达到610万人，加上历年没有就业人员，超过700万毕业生需要解决就业问题。如果按照经济增长保持8％—9％的速度，每年可新增800多万就业岗位，加上补充自然减员，可安排就业1000万人—1100万人，每年劳动力供求缺口仍在1300万人左右。同时，农村富余劳动力规模也在不断加大，而且劳动力农闲时间增加，农闲季节部分农民或就地寻找二三产业就业或进城寻找工作。这都将加剧劳动力市场上供大于求的矛盾，特别是低端产业劳动市场更是如此。因此，即使我们从一味追求经济增长转变到以扩大就业为中心上来，但由于劳动力市场持续的就业压力，失业率有可能还会上升。这种情形需要我们特别重视，但是，这种情形中的内在本质也需要我们认识清楚。
近年来从登记失业率来看，我国城镇失业率逐年升高（2009年约为4.3%）。根据一些专家的测算，目前我国城镇实际失业率大约在8%。其实，失业率的高低会受到自然失业率的影响，失业率升高的背后原因在于自然失业率的提高。自然失业率是由于技术进步、结构调整、产业升级和人们在寻求工作中信息收集和时间成本提高等多方面的共同作用所造成的失业状态，而并非现实中没有空余工作岗位的对应。据中国人民大学教授曾湘泉的研究，我国目前自然失业率应在4.8%—5.6%；杨迎春等人的研究认为昆明的自然失业率在7-10%；全国人大常委、中国社会科学院人口所所长蔡昉等人的研究结果是中国经济具有较高的并且继续升高的自然失业率，只是目前由于数据的原因还无法给出准确的范围。从这个意义上而言，目前失业率升高有其必然，但大体尚在可控制的范围内，实际失业率超过临界点的幅度并不过大。当然，实际失业率与自然失业率是互相作用影响的，高失业率也会使自然失业率升高。
自改革开放以来特别是实行社会主义市场体制以来，各级政府注意力集中在GDP的增长上，从投资结构、产业布局、产业发展战略等各方面（包括财政、金融政策）都是围绕经济增长这个核心，而在这样的指导思想下忽视了我国是一个人力资源大国的国情，忽视了就业存在的巨大压力；偏重于资本密集产业的发展而忽视了劳动密集产业的发展；关注于资本、技术而忽视了劳动，劳动也是价值的创造者。所以应当转变当前以经济增长为最终目标和以扩大就业实现增长为中心的战略上来。大力发展低耗能产业，调整产业导向，发展劳动密集的第二产业和以服务业为主的第三产业，扩大就业促进实现和谐的劳动市场关系，这是即保增长又保民生的双赢策略。
出口不能成为增加就业路径的依赖，加快城镇化和大力提高农民收入是解决就业问题的正途。我们国家有13亿多人，大大超过欧洲和美日等世界发达国家人口的总和。我们这样一个巨大的市场，为什么却要依赖于出口呢？主要的问题在于有效消费不足。在农村，由于农民收入较低，手中那微薄的收入除了要满足基本温饱外，剩余的还必须要为自身的养老、医疗、子女的教育培养等进行必要的储蓄。因此，在农民手中没有更多的资金用于改善生活，提高家庭的消费水平。这一切都将会造成整体国民的有效消费需求不足，消费需求不足致使工业产品、服务产品滞留城市，大多数奢侈（新兴）工业产品（非生活必须品），劳动服务等主要为城镇中、高收入者所消费。即使有较大规模的投资，由于产品的国内消费需求远小于生产能力，而出口又受到多种因素制约，使得企业经济效益大打折扣甚至降低生产规模而使投资不能发挥作用，这也是造成有投资增加但无就业增加局面的原因之一。从而造成城镇失业率的增加、农村剩余劳动力无处转移就业的局面。
据2008年的统计资料显示，我国就业人口中，只有6.7%的大专及以上受过高等教育的人，而美国、欧洲、日本、韩国等发达国家这一比例早已超过30%。大学生面临的就业困难就说我们的大学毕业生过多是没有理论和实证根据的。那么，为什么出现大学生就业难这一命题呢？一是，中国处于社会经济高速运
转之中，结构的调整、信息的搜集、市场经济的作用使得大学生毕业后处于寻找合适岗位的时期，而非毕业即可就业。大学生毕业需要立即就业的认识是有偏差的。二是，随着大学生的增多和社会的发展，社会对大学生身份认识发生转变、大学生自身难以适应职业和工资待遇要求，也是形成一部分大学生毕业后处于失业的状态。三是，大学生就业不能够完全靠大学生自己创业和市场自身吸纳。大学生是国家的高层次人力资本，政府有责任使得这些人力资本得到充分使用。
Abstract
According to a report from the government, our country will confront a more severe employment situation next year. To solve the problem we should objectively analyze the leading factors. First, the high unemployment rate is related to the natural development of technologies and upgrades of industries. Second, the acceleration of the shift from labor intensive-industry to technology-intensive industry eliminates labor forces. Third, governments give priority to export industries over the domestic consumption and therefore hindering the increase of employment. Finally, the college graduates’ delayed employment and their improper demands for employment contributes to the general low employment rate. (100 words)
作文B
1．数据变化类
第一段：点题（解图，说变化）
第二段：叙述原因（1. 客观原因；2. 主观原因；3. 条件原因）
第三段：个人看法（走势判断，是否有利）
（图表作文）As is illustrated in the chart/ table/ curve, the number of 主题is roughly …in …, approximately…in … and around …in …. Apparently, th e number of 主题has been on a dramatic rise over the past few years.
What accounts for the increase (change)? From my perspective, at least three factors contribute to the change. To begin with, the change is closely related to the rising income of the Chin ese people. More importantly, the change has a lot to do with the turning of the people’s attitude towards and outlook on life. Finally, the change is enhanced and promoted by the government’s bettering policies as well as the more convenient channels in the … field.
With the development of society, the rising trend is bound to continue for a couple of years in the future. As far as I am concerned, it’s a positive trend and should be encouraged since it is beneficial not merely to individuals but to the whole society.
【注意】1. 如果数字变化为不利变化，第二段的三个原因应根据需要改变（客观原因；主观原因；不利条件原因）；同时，第三段中需将positive改为negative、将promoted改为reversed、将beneficial 改为a threat。2. 如果命题是通过文字形式说明变化，第一段则需改为：The past few years witnessed a dramatic increase of the number of …. Statistics show/ It is reported that the number of …is roughly …in …, approximately … in … and around … in …。第二段和第三段则无需改动。
【变化原因-正面】
(1) the rapidly rising income
(2) the turning of people’s attitude toward and outlook on life/ brand/ consumption
(3) the bettering policies
(4) more leisure time
(5) the more convenient approaches/ channels
(6) the abundance of supply/ multiple choices
(7) the improved quality of service/ goods/ products
(8) the lower prices
【相关命题】
网民，手机，私车，家电，住房面积，留学，报考(工程硕士、高考、MBA等)，购买力，消费结构(饮食、服装、接受服务)，奢侈品，旅游，娱乐，健身，网络购物，国产品牌，CPI增速减缓等
【变化原因-负面】
(1) the increased total number/ the increased pressure/ the increased general demand
(2) ill attitude/ ill behaviors/ improper consumption
(3) lack of supervision/ lack of guidance/ lack of instructions/ lack of regulations
(4) decline of moral standards/ losing of sense of responsibilities/ losing of trust
【注意】图表作文由于命题的不同而有不同的第一段
例1
As is illustrated in the chart, the subscription of mobile phones in developing countries is roughly half a billion in 2000, approximately 1.3 billion in 2004 and above 4 billion in 2008, while that in developed countries is around 0.5 billion, 0.8 billion and 1 billion respectively. It’s apparent that the subscription of mobile phones has been on the dramatic rise over the past few years, while that in developed countries remains relatively steady.
例2
As is seen from the chart, the share of domestic brand cars, Japanese brand cars and Euro-American brand cars is roughly 26%, 35% and 13% in 2008 and approximately 36%, 26% and 14% in 2009 respectively. It’s a pparent that the share of domestic brand cars, Japanese brand cars and Euro-American brand cars has immensely changed over the past few years.
2．优缺点类
第一段：点题（普及重要+看法不同）
第二段：自己的观点（支持福方+优点/ 支持祸方+缺点）
第三段：结论（承认缺点但利大于弊或反之）
In recent years, 主题词is getting increasingly prevalent and playing an increasingly significant role in our life. When it comes to the topic, however, people’s views vary from one to another and some people hold that it is a blessing, while others maintain that it is a hell.
As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the former view and contends 主题词is definitely blessing. To begin with, the coming of主题词has immensely changed our way of V-ing, thus making our life more convenient and easier. More importantly, with 主题词our social circles can be largely extended, making us more actively involved in the dynamic society. 主题词also brings us much entertainment and therefore immensely enrich our life.
It cannot be denied that 主题词does have some unfavorable aspects such as its likelihood to disturb our normal life and work. But from my perspective, provided that we have an appropriate attitude towards it and make good use of it, 主题词will undoubtedly benefit us in more than one way.
【优点】
(1) change our way of communicating/ purchasing/ travelling/ reading/ obtaining information
+ (2) make our life more convenient and easier
(3) reduce our cost of …
(4) extend our social circle
(5) add to our leisure activities
+ (6) enrich our life/ improve our life quality
(7) keep us well informed of the outside world
+ (8) broaden our horizon
(9) contribute to the protection of environment
(10) promote the development of economy/ enhance the development of technology
【相关命题】
家用轿车，互联网，手机，手机短信，微博，电子邮件，电子读物，电子媒体，电子支付，网上购物，家用轿车，笔记本电脑，快递业务等
3．问题解决类
第一段：问题（普遍关注+热点话题）
第二段：说明方法（1.教育动员；2.出台法规；3.树立正面典型等）
第三段：结论（不易但一定会解决）
In recent years, an increasing number of people from various professions are concerned with 主题词. How to resolve the problem has become a hot issue worldwide.
As a matter of fact, there are various approaches which can contribute to the resolution of this problem, but from my perspective, the following will work better. To begin with, people should be educated to become aware that the terrible consequences arising from 主题词are related to everyone, thus transforming his or her own views and behavior. More importantly, relevant laws or regulations should be laid down as soon as possible to prevent the situation from worsening. Finally, those who perform well in … should be set as good examples and publicly awarded to direct the public’s behaviors.
Of cour se, the resolution of the problem is anything but a easy job and calls for governments’ measures and the public’s efforts. With governments’ effective measures, coupled with the public’s considerable efforts, the problem is bound to be coped with in the near future.
【解决方法】
(1) educate people to become aware of the terrible consequences arising from … and thus play an active role in the resolution
(2) lay down relevant laws or regulations to prevent the situation from worsening
+ (3) enforce the existing laws or regulations
(4) set and award good examples to direct the public’s behaviors
(5) preach the merits of mutual trust and respect
(6) strengthen instructions/ supervision/ guidance/ responsibilities
(7) improve or perfect the quality/ facilities/ services/ management
(8) increase the supply
【相关命题】
交通拥堵，交通事故，安全事故，考试作弊，假冒伪劣产品，未成年人上网，青少年犯罪，就业难，贫富差距，环境污染，文物破坏，文化冲击，社会冷漠等
4. 图画作文
图画作文由三大元素构成：描述图画+ 评论现象+ 得出结论
As is illustrated in the picture, in front of computers and in narrow spaces are sitting many people, exchanging their views by surfing the Internet. Apparently, the vivid and enlightening picture is indicative of a current issue with regard to the favorable and unfavorable aspects of Internet
When it comes to the topic, people’s view s vary from individual to individual. Some argue that net surfing can positively promote the communication among people from different areas or different cultures and thus avoid misunderstandings and finally create a harmonious world. However, others maintain that net surfing is more a hell than a blessing because such interactions threaten the existence and development of local or national individuality.
As far as I’m concerned, I am in favor of the former view and advocate promoting such interactions. It is true that such interactions may threaten the local or national culture, but provided we are aware of the potential threat and keep alert, the threat is unlikely to become a reality while the proper use of internet is bound to favor the users in more than one aspect.
六、翻译（英译汉）
1. 英译汉的基本要求：信、达、（雅）。译文内容符合原文内容，译文语句通顺；不拘泥于原文语句的顺序，不追求翻译每个单词。
2. 常用翻译方法
(1) 拆分：长句、复合句等
(2) 调序：主从句的顺序、句子成分的顺序等
(3) 转换：语法功能的转换、词义的转换等
(4) 増词/减词
3. 示例
Who would have thought that globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do — roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emission?
Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the right answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then Google has to maintain vast data centers
around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centers need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.
However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.
从全球范围来看，IT 行业产生的温室气体大约占二氧化碳总排放量的2%，相当于全世界所有航空公司排放的温室气体的总量，谁会想到这一点呢？
许多日常的工作对环境造成了人们意想不到的破坏。因搜索正确答案所需搜索次数多少的不同，一次谷歌搜索会产生0.2到0.7克的二氧化碳。为了快速给用户提供搜索结果，谷歌在世界各地建立大型数据中心，这些数据中心挤满了大功率计算机。计算机在排放出大量二氧化碳的同时，会产生大量的热量，因此数据中心又需要良好的空调系统，这又会消耗更多的能量。
然而，谷歌和其他大型技术提供商在严密监控其能效并不断进行改进。监控只是迈出了减排的第一步，减排还需要采取更多的措施，仅仅依靠大公司是不够的。
顾越老师作文模板讲义
小作文模板
1．投诉信
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter in purpose of making a complaint about______________. (I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.) As a loyal customer, I always consider your company as a well-established and reliable business; however, I am very disappointed this time.
I will be really appreciated if you can conduct some investigation about this matter and solve it as soon as possible. I would be looking forward to your reply and thank you for your consideration.
Yo urs sincerely,
（90 words）
2．道歉信
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter in purpose of expressing my apology that ______________. I feel terribly sorry about this.
Once again, I am very sorry for any inconvenience caused. I will be really appreciated if you can accept my apologies and forgive me. I would be looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yo urs sincerely,
_ ________
3. 建议信
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter in purpose of providing some conductive suggestions. In my opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions.
I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Your s sincerely,
_________
4. 辞职信
Dear _______,
I am writing this letter in purpose of resigning from my current job. I am very sorry to tell you that____ weeks from today, exactly on_______, I will be leaving your company.
I loved being part of the team and working for this company. I also enjoyed my colleagues as well as working on projects while I stay here. However, I found a position that allows me to have a more flexible time. It was a great honor for me working here at this company.
I will surely miss the friendship that I felt among the company’s work groups.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for all the support that I received in this company. I hope you can have a prosperous future.
Yo urs sincerely,
___ ________
5. 申请函
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter to try to apply for ______________________. I think it would be a great honor for me if you can grant this opportunity for me.
I will be really appreciated if you can give me this chance. I would be looking forward to your reply with great pleasure.
Your s sincerely,
_ ________
6. 邀请函（2010年）
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter to invite you to ______________________. I think it would be a great idea if you could participate.
Please accept my invitation and let me know at your convenience as soon as possible. I would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
Your s sincerely,
_ ________
7．感谢信(2010年)
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter in purpose of expressing my heartfelt gratitude for ______________.It is really kind of you.
Words are beyond me to express my thanks to your kindness. Thank you again.
Yo urs sincerely,
_ ________
8．祝贺信（2011年）
Dear_____,
I am writing this letter in purpose of expressing my congratulations that ______________. You may not imagine how excited I was when I got the news. I am just as proud as you are and send my hearty congratulations.
Please accept my warmest congratulations. I wish you a great success and fulfillment in the year ahead.
Y ours sincerely,
综合作文：270字以上 总结听力材料summarize the lecture: The speaker talks about The lecture discusses/is mainly discussing The professor made the point that 引出要点introduce key points: First/second/third First/then/another point is that Or express the key point directly in a topic sentence. 引出例子introduce examples or reasons: For example (instance)/one example is/such as/that is 增加例子add examples or reasons: Next/Furthermore/another example is/in addition 对比观点Shw contrast between ideas: However/In contrast/on the contrary/on the other hand/but 精彩opening: 1) The lecture discusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that… 2) The professor made the point that…. The reading does not discuss this point. Another important point is that…, but the reading does not d iscuss the point. Finally, the Professor stated that…. In general, the Professor discusses problems of…that the reading does not include. 3) According to the lecture, ….On the other hand/while the reading stated that… The professor made the point that…. On the contrary/however/in contrast, the writer demonstrated an idea that… The lecture supports/illustrates the idea that… The lecture contradicts/refutes/is in contrary to/is the opposite of the idea that… 对材料的指称： The speaker/lecturer/professor/listening material/lecture
德福作文模板 一、引言+过渡 Zum gegenw?ltigen Zeitpunkt hat man gestützt auf repr?sentative Analysen konstatieren k?nnen, dass_xxx_In diesem Zusammenhang ist folgende Frage von allgemeinem Interesse: _xxx_? Bevor ich die zu dieser Frage meine Meinung ausführlicher wiedergeben werde, m?chte ich mit Hilfe des folgenden Diagramms zuerst wichtige Daten benennen. 二、图表介绍 Die Abbildung, die den Titel ,, _xxx_ '' tr?gt /liefert Information in Form eines _xxx_-diagramms darüber, wie _x_, und beschreibt deren Entwicklung im Zeitraum vom Jahr _x_ bis zum Jahr _x_. Die Illustration stammt von _xx_ aus dem Jahr _xx_ und wurden mit Unterstützung _xx_ aus dem Jahr _xx_. Die Angaben für _xx_ erfolgen in _xx_, für _xx_ in _ xx_. unterteilt sich in zwei Bereiche: Im linken Bereich liefert Information in Form eines _xx_-diagramms darüber, wie _xx_, und beschreibt deren Entwicklung im Zeitraum vom Jahr _xx_ bis zum Jahr _xx_, w?hrend im rechten Bereich h ingegen in Form eines _xx_-diagramms darstellt, wie _xx_.
2020年英语四级作文范文及模板(4)题目要求： 1.有些人愿意和父母居住在一起 2.有些人想自己独立居住 3.我的看法 参考范文： Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion because, living with parents, they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they can turn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family. Others, however, prefer to live separately. They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like. Bedsides, they don't want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves. As to me, I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generations likes may not be another generation's fondness. Living separately, each generation can enjoy different value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can train my character and
iBT新托福镇魂单词题（词汇题）全集（打印版） 1.3版（2011年10月12日） 使用方法：这整个文件，至少要整体反复从头至尾看20遍，务必要求达到看到前面的单词，就马上能联想到后面的单词以及中文的意思。就像你一看到新托福考试，马上就能联想到“无老师”一样。^_^但是，并不要求会写，以及会用这些单词，这个文件里面所有的单词，只要认识即可。 更新：2011年10月12日新增58组单词
1. a matter of speculation =supposition n. 推断 2. a solicitation of =an invitation of n. 垦求;垦请 3.abandoned= left a. 被遗弃的 4.aberrant= abnormal a. 脱离常轨的, 5.abort= quit v. 夭折;中止 6.abruptly= suddenly ad. 突然地;意外地 7.absorb =appeal v. 吸收;被…吸引 8.absorb= learn(学习) v. 吸收 9.absorb= take in v. 吸收;被…吸引 10.abstract= not concrete a. 抽象的;非实际的 11.absurd= ridiculous a. 荒谬的;可笑的 12.abundance= large amount n. 大量 13.abundance= great number n. 大量 14.abundant = affluent a. 丰富的;大量的 15.abundant= ample a. 丰富的;大量的 16.abundant= numerous a. 丰富的;大量的 17.abundant= plentiful a. 丰富的;大量的 18.abundant= substantial a. 丰富的;大量的 19.abundantly= plentifully ad. 丰富地;大量地 20.access =reach v. 接近 21.accessible =reachable a. 可接近的 22.accessible =easy to reach a. 易接近的 23.accidental =unexpected a. 意外的;偶然的 24.accommodate= provide for v. 提供 25.accomplished =achieved a. 实现完成的 26.accomplished =skilled a. 熟练的 27.account= description n. 说明 28.account for= explain v. 说明 29.accumulate =collect v. 积累;聚集 30.accumulate =pile up v. 积累;聚集聚集 31.accurate =correct a. 正确的 32.accurately= correctly ad. 正确地 33.acknowledge= recognize v. 承认 34.actually= in fact ad. 事实上 35.added =extra a. 附加的;额外的 36.adept =skilled a. 熟练的 37.adherent= supporter n. 拥护者 38.adjacent =nearby a. 毗连的 39.adjacent =neighboring a. 毗连的 40.adjust= modify v. 调整;改变…以适应 41.administer = manage v. 管理 42.admit= let in v. 准许进入 43.adopt= enact v. 采用 44.advance= improvement n. 发展;增长 45.advent= arrival n. 出现;到来46.advent= beginning n. 出现;到来 47.affair= matter n. 事件;事情 48.afford= provide v. 提供;给予 49.aggravate= increase v. 加重;增剧 50.aggravate =annoy v. 使恼火 51.aggregate= overall a. 聚集的;合计的 52.aggregate= combined a. 聚集的;合计的 53.agile= astute a. 灵活的;敏捷的 54.agile= clever a. 灵活的;敏捷的 55.agile= quick and active a. 灵活的;敏捷的 56.agile= move and act quickly a. 灵活的;敏捷的 57.air= feeling n. 气氛 58.alarm= sound v. 警报 59.alarm= warning n. 警告 60.albeit= although conj. 尽管；虽然 61.albeit =even though conj. 尽管；虽然 62.allow= enable v. 允许 63.allude= suggest v. 暗示 64.allude to= refer to phrv. 提到 65.ally with= link to v. 结盟 66.alter= change to v. 改变 67.amazing= remarkable/replacement a. 令人惊讶的/非凡的 68.ambiguous =vague a. 不明确的 69.ambivalent =mixed a. 矛盾的 70.ample= plentiful a. 充足的;丰富的 71.ample =spacious a. 宽敞的 72.anchor= hold in place v. 使固定 73.ancient= old a. 古老的 74.ancient =antique a. 古老的 75.annihilate= destroy v. 消灭 76.annihilate =completely remove v. 消灭 77.annually= yearly ad. 每年 78.anomaly= irregularity n. 异常的人或物 79.antagonist =competitor n. 对手;敌手 80.anticipate= expect v. 预期 81.antiseptic =clean a. 抗菌的 82.antithesis= opposite n. 对立面 83.antler =horn n. 鹿角 84.anxiety =worry n. 忧虑;担心 85.apart from= exception phr. 除了…之外 86.apart from =except for phr. 除了…之外 87.apparatus= equipment n. 仪器;设备 88.apparent =obvious a. 显然的 89.apparently= clearly ad. 显然地 90.appeal= attraction n. 吸引力
大学英语四级作文万能模板 提纲式作文 1．对立观点式 A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么？ B．有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么？ C．我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 2．批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。 B．我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 3．社会问题（现象）式 A．一个社会问题或者现象。 B．产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D．如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E．前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表达）in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..
托福英语作文写作万能句模板 1.____ is now being questioned by more and more people. ____正受到越来越多人的质疑。 2. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use ____ are decreasing and ____ is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that ____ will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society. 即使很多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用____的人数会减少， ____可能会消亡，不过，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信 ____仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。 3. experts point out that increasing ____ not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet. 专家指出：持续增加的污染不但会导致像世界变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。 4. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like ____ are more important than any time before. 考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像____这样的环保型交通工具。 5. Using ____ contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as ____. 使用____有助于人们的身体健康，并____。
作文模板一、引言+过渡 Zum gegenw?ltigen Zeitpunkt hat man gestützt auf repr?sentative Analysen konstatieren k?nnen, dass_1_. In diesem Zusammenhang ist folgende Frage von allgemeinem Interesse: _2_? Bevor ich die zu dieser Frage meine Meinung ausführlicher wiedergeben werde, m?chte ich mit Hilfe des folgenden Diagramms zuerst wichtige Daten benennen. (44±) 二、图表介绍 Die Abbildung, die den Titel ,, _3_ '' tr?gt , < 1pic > liefert Imformation in Form eines _4_-diagramms darüber, wie _5_, und beschreibt *deren Entwicklung im Zeitraum vom Jahr _6a_ bis zum Jahr _6b_. Die Illustration stammt ^von _7a_ aus dem Jahr _8a_ und wurden mit Unterstützung _7b_ aus dem Jahr _8b_. Die Angaben ~für _9a_ erfolgen in _10a_, für _9b_ in _10b_. (64±) <2pics> unterteilt sich in zwei Bereiche: Im linken Bereich liefert Imformation in Form eines _4_-diagramms darüber, wie _5_, und beschreibt *deren Entwicklung im Zeitraum vom Jahr _6a_ bis zum Jahr _6b_, w?hrend im rechten Bereich hingegen in Form eines _4'_-diagramms darstellt, wie _5'_. Die Daten ~für _9a_ erfolgen in _10a_, für _9b_ in _10b_ und stammen ^von _7a_ aus dem Jahr _8a_ sowie _7b_ aus der Jahr _8b_. (67±) 三、图表描述 Anhand der Grafik l?sst sich erkennen, dass < Kreis- od. Balkendiagramm> _12_, die _12Rela_ , von allen _11(n)_ mit #einem Anteil von _12da_, die auf der Liste stehen, den ersten Platz belegt. Danach folgt _13_ in einem !gro?en Abstand mit_13da_ , gefolgt von _14_ an dritter Stelle(_14da_) . Zu guter Letzt komment _14_ mit einem Wert von _14da_, womit °dieser Anteil um _14da/12da_ kleiner als _12_ ist, und Andere mit _15da_. (62) 1.1 Umschreibung wer,wo,wann,mit wem,warum, aufgrund von, trotz,wegen 1.2 Infinitiv statt/ohne/um... 2.Umschreibung: Sollte man etw. tun <-> Sein etw. positiv oder negativ zu bewerten? 4. Linie-, Kreis-, Balken- * deren Situation im Jahr _6c_. ^ vom Deutschen/Statistischen X von der Internetseite https://www.doczj.com/doc/d918355171.html, aus der (Zeitung/Zeitschrift) X dem Stern/Spiegel/Focus 10. Tausenden Tonnen Millionen Euro Milliarden Kubikmetern Prozent & die Entwicklung der _6_ verdeutlichen werden. #einer Anzahl von !kleinen Abstand °diese Zahl
英语四级作文模板 讨论观点类 Nowadays more and more ______are commonly and widely used in everyday life, ranging from __________to_____________. The popularity of _______will have a great influence on the one hand, _________. On the other hand, __________. To conclude, ____________are just like a double-edged sword. With them we may ________. However, one point should be kept in mind that we should make sensible use, always being a master instead of slaving of them. 解决办法类 With the rapid growth of national economy, more and more _________, which causes a serious problem of _________. Urgent measures are needed to tackle the above-mentioned problem. On the one hand, _________so that ____________ is at hand. On the other hand, importantly, ____________. All in all, only when______can we solve the problem of _____________so as to meet everyone’s need .Ultimately,_____________. 英语四级作文经典范文 第一篇： 1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。 2. 需要花时间去选择职业。 3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。 Choosing an Occupation One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem. Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job. Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. 第二篇： Advantage and Disadvantages of Being an Only Child My father used to talk to me about his five siblings. He used to say that I was unfortunate that I had none. And I used to envy him and wonder how nice it would be to have a houseful of brothers and sisters. I also used to wonder what would happen to me if I were to lose my parents. Frankly speaking, I do not have to share anything with anybody. I own all my parents' love. I can ask for anything I want. I always wear new clothes and eat the
Perhaps no issue in this world is as significance to students as education. Despite various responses people may have on the topic concerning the issue regarding which thing should the education aim at. I, given the chance, prefer to endorse that preparing for careers should have primary consideration. When people improve their living level, rest is more and more important to us, for example, going to museum, going to concert, and going to swim with friends. The government should give money to the public movement, but other people think the government should provide these money to museums and music center, but not to the rest things. I do not agree with this opinion. With the improvement of living quality of modern people, leisure activities become more and more important for them, such as go to the museum, concert, or go to swim with friends and so on. There is no doubt that government should give subsidies to support those public activities, but some people argue that it’s more important for the government to spend money to build art museums and music performance center than to build recreational facilities. I disagree with this opinion. improve our relation’s web. Join LinkedIn and Plaxo, and ask for advices from current and past partners. We should use Twitter to update your project, and connect with other partners. We must find the local internet groups, and join in them. Ramp up your networking. Join LinkedIn and Plaxo, and ask for recommendations from current and past coworkers. Use Twitter to update the world on your current projects as well as network with other like-minded individuals. Look for local networking groups, and start attending them. Prepare for success. You should register a website by your name.Then you can build a very impressive and professional e-mail. You can encourage other people to look at your website. Take a photo. This will prepare for your web, and advertisement, and anything can raise your professional image. You may order the name card with your name, website and telephone number on it. If you do not want to receive the telephone from other companys, you can use the skype in’s number, and it is 60 dollar/year. Prepare for success. Consider registering a web site in your name. You can then create a professional-sounding email address that will encourage people to take a journey of your web site. Get a professional photograph taken. This is for your web site, your advertising, or anything else that you will be doing to promote your image as a serious professional. Order your own business cards in your name with your web site and business number. If you don’t want your cell phone ringing with business calls at work, consider a Skype In number, which will cost you just $60 a year. If you want to make a achievement, there are two parts you have to do: You must have time to make a dream, and you must make a movement. You should have time to make a visualization every day. You must think about it and make a note of them. You should make a rule that you should make some time every day to make your dream real. If you are an artist, you should make an artistic production. If you are a writer, you should write something. If you do not do any thing, the dream will never come ture.
托福独立作文模板经典高分 托福独立写作，我们想要拿到高分，可以参考一些这些高分的模板。下面就是给大家整理的托福独立作文模板，希望对你有用! 托福独立作文模板模板一A or B Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________. 就理由进行解释_____________________. For instance,____________________ Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________. 就理由进行解释___________________. For example,____________________The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________.
德福考试由四个单项组成：阅读理解、听力理解、书面表达和口头表达，考试的所有内容都与德国的大学生活和学习密切相关。其中阅读理解、听力理解和书面表达为笔试，口头表达为机器录音。各单项均单独计分，任何一个单项的等级不会影响另一个单项的评分，语言证书上会分别列出各单项的等级。考生必须在一次考试中完成全部四项内容，不得单独报考其中一项。 德福考试的等级（TestDaF-Niveaustufe，简称TDN）共分为三级，即TDN5级、TDN4级和TDN3级。其中TDN5级为最高级，TDN3级为合格，3级以下不计成绩。一般在四个单项中全部达到TDN4级（即所谓的Test DaF 4×4）即可申请所有大学的所有专业（有特殊要求的除外，如Germanistik）。评级标准会根据当次考试的难度有所浮动。 德福考试的样卷可以在这里下载。 关于德福考试水平等级说明的信息请点击此处。 阅读理解（Leseverstehen） 阅读理解（下文简称LV或阅读）部分考试时间为60分钟，为德福考试的第一项内容，答案必须填写在答题卡上，在其他地方填写的答案均无效。这一部分包括3篇文章（LV1~LV3），共30道题。 LV1为短文阅读，要求快速阅读多篇短文并提炼关键信息，短文的内容与大学生活相关，通常为小广告。LV1共10小题，题型类似连线题，即为各篇短文选择恰当的条目。阅读及答题时间为10分钟。 LV2要求阅读一篇较长的文章（约450~550个单词），文章通常选自日常的报刊或杂志。LV2共10小题，题型为单选题。阅读及答题时间为20分钟。 LV3同样的阅读一篇较长的文章（约550~650个单词），文章通常选自学术期刊。LV3共10小题，题型为判断选择题。阅读及答题时间为20分钟。 最后10分钟为填涂答题卡的时间。