一.现在完成时的构成:
现在完成时由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称.
二.现在完成时的用法:其用法主要有三种
I.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了）
I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了）
2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。
I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）
She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）
II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until）now 等。
He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿）
They've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来）
How long have you studied English？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）
III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often,always,every week,twice等连用。
I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。
He has always said so.他总是这么说.
三.现在完成时的时间状语
I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。
如： -Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。
例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了。
用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't. 今天你见过他吗？我没有。
How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次？
II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。
现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换
如：fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill)
get to know→ know begin,(start)→ be on
open →be open buy→ have
get up→ be up die→ be dead
go out→ be out come→ be in
close→be closed arrive→be here
join→be in, be a +名词finish( end )→be over
leave, move →be away,borrow →keep
go to school→be a stu dent catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)
begin to study→study come back→be back
put on→wear 或be on
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。
We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
四.几点注意事项
I. have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：
have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；
have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，
前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。
如： They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。
II.不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如： I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
练习
一.用since和for填空
1.______two years
2.____two years ago
3.___last month
4.______ 1999
5._______yesterday
6._______ 4 o’clock7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago
9.___we were children 10._____ lunch time 11.____ she left here
12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.
13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.
15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.
16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
二.单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him .
A. knew
B. have known
C. must know
D.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already
B.never
C.ever
D.still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing
B.was writing
C.wrote
D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A.has changed ; well
B.changed ; good
C.has changed ; better
D.changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying
B. will ; study
C. has ; studied
D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know
B. had known
C. have known
D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I______ it twice .
A.will see
B.have seen
C.saw
D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go
B. did they go
C. do they go
D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A.Did ; do ; finished
B.Have ; done ; finished
C.Have ; done ; have finished
D.will ; do ; finish
11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined
B. has joined
C. was in
D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were
B. have been
C. have become
D. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .
A. been
B. gone
C. come
D. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun
B. had begun
C. has been on
D. began
15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A. is
B. has
C. will
D. was
16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone
B. went
C.will go
D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have been
18.The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they
B. don’t they
C. have they
D. haven’t they
19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes
B. How often, got
C. How long, came
D. How far, arrived
20.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.
A. has left
B. had left
C. has been away
D. had been away
21.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
22.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made
B. have been
C. made
D. have become
23.You mustn't_____ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left
24.The meeting _____ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over
25.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in
B. has come to
C. has taught
26.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became
27. I ______ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned
三.用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
四.用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?
6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.
8. We already _________ (return) the book.
9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.
14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.
五、划线提问
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?
2) My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?
3) He left here yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________ __________?
4) They bought a book two hours ago.
__________ ___________ they __________ a book
六.翻译下列句子：
1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？
2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭.
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？
6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。8.他离开中国三年了。
9.我认识他们五年了。
现在完成进行时
1 定义:表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。
2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成
3 现在完成进行时的基本句型
肯定式I/We have been working.
疑问式Have you been working？
简略回答Yes，I/we have. No，I/we haven't.
肯定式He/She/It has been working.
疑问式Has he/she/it been working？
简略回答Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn't.
4 现在完成时的用法
在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。
I've read this book.我已读完这本书了。
2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。
She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。
3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。
We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。
5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：
We've been living here for ten years.
We've lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。
2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：
The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。
The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。
3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：
They've known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。
练习:
Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago.
has been, started B.have started, has started
C.started, started
D. Has started, has started
---How long you stamps?
---Since two years ago.
have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collecting
She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop.
has been reading B.had read C.is reading D.read
The boy TV all the morning.
has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched
--- have you been learning to swim? ---Half a year.
How long B. How often C.How far D.When
Our teacher has been teaching in this school for .
two year and a half B.two and a half year
C.two years and half
D.two and a half years
He it for two hours, and he's still watching now.
has been watched B.watching C.has been watching D.is watching 现在完成时态练习题答案
一．翻译下列句子：
1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?
2. I have just lost my chemistry book.
3. I have never been to the farm before.
4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.
5. Have you seen the movie yet?
6. My brother hasn’t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn’t returned yet.
7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.
8. Has been away from China for three years.
9.I have known them for five years.
10. They have been in the USA for five years.
11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.
12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.
13. They have known each other since 1999.
14. I have been in this school for over three years.
二、用since或者for填空
1. for
2. since
3. since
4. since
5. since
6. since
7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since
11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since
四、划线提问
1. How long have, been there
2. How long has , lived here
3. When did , leave here
4. When did , buy
五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where has Li Fei gone?
B: He has gone to Hainan Island.
A: How long has he been there?
B: He has been there for three days.
A: When will he come back, do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I have never been there.
A: How many times has Li Fei been to that place?
B: He has been there only once.
六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1. has gone to
2. went to
3. has been in
4. have , been in
5. have been in
6. Have , been to ; have been
7. have been in / at 8. has gone to
9. did go ; went 10. go ; have been
11. are , going ; am going 12. goes
13. Did , go 14. Do , go
七、综合练习:
1. never
2. just , already
3. for
4. ever, never
5. yet , just / already
八. 用适当的时态填空：
1. lived / has been living
2. have been
3. went
4. has passed ; left
5. has lost ; have , seen
6. Have , found
7. have , had 8. have , returned
9. Have , built 10. haven’t finished
11. has read 12. bought 13. lost
14. have been reading / has read
Grammar语法:simple present tense 现在完成时 A表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I am doing my homework. I have done my homework. B表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。 I’ve known Alice for three years. 现在完成时的构成： 主语+have/has +动词的过去分词. I have done my homework. 1.否定：have, has后面加not . I have not done my homework. 2.一般疑问句：have, has提到主语前Have you done your homework? 区别： has gone to:表示某人已去了某地，而没有回来(去了没回) has been to :表示去过某地(去过已回来) has been in/at(in表示相对大一些的地点;at表示相对小一些的地点): 表示一直呆在某地,常与时间段搭配. since+时间点=for+时间段since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句=since+时间点+ago
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 already(肯定句中)，yet(否定，疑问，句末)，just(刚刚), before(之前), recently(最近), still, lately, never等: I have already finished my work. I haven’t finished my work yet.(否定句) Have you finished your work yet?(一般疑问句) 动词过去式和过去分词的变化相同 一般在动词词尾直接ed. 如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed A-A-A: let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read, cut→cut→cut A-B-B: lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; A-B-C: choose→chose→chosen do→did→done see→saw→seen drink→drank→drunk go→went→gone take→took→taken A-B-A: run→ran→run come→came→come
英语现在完成时专项训练100(附答案)含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．It has been three years since I ______ a teacher. A. become B. became C. becoming D. to become 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】题意：现在完成时里，since从句里动词应用一般过去时。故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时和表示一段时间的时间状语的连用用法，理解题意，即可得出答案。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。 【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。
现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和 主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现 在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等 表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次 （2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始， 一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与 表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
现在完成时讲解 一、构成: 肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 过去分词规则变化： a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等;） b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry---carried study---studied等;） c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。（stop---stopped，shop---shopped） d)以不发音的e结尾的动词，只加d （ 过去分词不规则变化表： 二、用法： 用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before, ⑦once/twice/数字+ times 例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。 ?He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 ?Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气） ?My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。 ?Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？ b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经” ?We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。 ?Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？ c）just用于句中, 表示“刚刚” ?I’ve just had breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。 ?What have they just done? 他们刚刚做了什么？ d）before用于句末, 表示“以前” ?I’ve seen it before. 我以前见过它。 练习：用never，ever，already，before, just或yet填空。 1. I have __________seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has __________finished his homework. 3. --Have you _________seen the film? --No, I have ________seen it. 4. ---Has the bus left _______? ---Yes, it has ________ left. 5. Would you like to go to the zoo with me? Yes, but I have been there _________.
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲
现在完成时 先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ : make--- hurry---watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like---
二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it?
中考复习专题现在完成时专项练习题 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—I haven't seen your grandfather for two years. What happened to him? —Oh, he ________ here for two years. A. stayed B. hasn't stayed C. stays D. hadn't stayed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】答语中的for two years是一段时间，用在现在完成时的句中时。现在完成时的结构：主语+have/ has +过去分词。可知选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 4．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read? —I've no idea. I _____ there. A. have gone B. have been C. haven't been D. haven't gone 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答
现在完成时讲解与练习 一、现在完成时的构成 １. 现在完成时结构： 主语+助动词havｅ(has) ＋动词过去分词 否定句：ｈave/has后加ｎot, haｖeｎ’t/hasn’t 一般疑问句:前提hａvｅ/hａs 被动:hａve /hａs been +动词的现在分词 2.现在完成时的概念: １) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 --Have you had yoｕr luｎch yet?你吃过午饭了吗？ －-Yｅs，Iｈaｖe．I ｈavｅjusｔhad it．是的,我刚吃过。(现在我不饿了。） I haveａlreａdｙposted the ｐhotoｓ. 我已经寄过这些照片。(这些照片已不在我这里了。) 2) 过去发生的事情,一直持续到现在(其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词）。 I hａｖen’ｔsｅen heｒtheｓｅdａys.近来我一直没见过他。 I’ve knownＬi Leｉfor three yｅars. 我认识李雷已经三年了。 They ｈaveｌiveｄhｅre sinｃe１9９6．他们自从19９6年就住在这儿。 She ｈａs ｔaｕghtｕsｓｉnｃe I came to thｉs sｃｈool. 自从我来这所学校，她就教我。３．现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用： １) 用于“过去发生的事，对现在造成的影响或结果”的时间状语有: aｌreaｄｙ(已经→肯定句)ｙet（还;尚未→否/疑问句）－Has ｈｅ pｈoned yｏu yet?－--No，not yeｔ． neveｒ（从未）ｅvｅｒ(曾经→疑问句)Haｖe yoｕevｅr talked tｏhiｍａbout ｉｔ？ just(刚刚) before(以前） a lready 用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末; yeｔ用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末； ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间; ｎevｅｒ意为“从来都没有”,常和befｏre连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。Eg.I hａｖｅｎever trａvelｅd bｙ plane before． ｂefｏｒe 意为“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制。Eg.I haven’ｔ heard ｏｆ it beｆore. ２) 用于“过去发生的事,一直延续到现在”的时间状语有：
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere? 1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. ha ve made 7. ha ve , stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing . She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.--Do you know Lydia very well? --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live
现在完成时练习 (一) —Dad, I ________ the station for minutes, but nobody came to meet me. —Don't worry. I'll go to meet you soon. A. arrived at B. have been at C. will reach D. have arrived at —______ you ever ______ Dali? —Never. But I am going there this vacation. A. Do; go to B. Have; been to C. Have; gone to D. Will; go to My aunt is a writer. She ____more than ten books since 1980. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write A. leftB leaveC. has leftD. has been away The Smiths came to Shanghai in 2008, theythere for three years since then. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live —Have you ever been to Nanning? —Yes, _______ . A. I was B. I do C. I am D. I have Imy homework. I guess I can't join you. A. don't finish B. didn't finish C. haven't finished D. won't finish —Excuse me, where is Mr. Brown's office? —Sorry, I don't know. I _____ here for only a few days.
现在完成时的用法和练习 一、在完成的基本用法 1. 表示去生的作在的影响和果。常用副just, already 和 yet， 通常作：做了某事，已做了某事，没有做某事在完成的此用法只用一般 疑句提。 He has left Beijing. 他已离开北京了。 (He is not in Beijing now.) I have just had lunch. 我吃午。 ( I am not hungry now.) She has already cleaned the house她.已把房子打了。 (The house is now very clean.) We haven’tthrown out the trash. 我没有把垃圾扔出去。（The trash is still in the house）. Have you done your homework yet? 你的作已做了？ Yes, I have.No, I haven’t. Ex. 1.We ___________ just ___________ (have) a P.E. class. We are very tired now. 2.She _______________________ (not find) the key __________. She can’tget into the house. 3.He ______________________ (go) home. He is not at school now. 4.__________ you __________ (tell) your parents about it _________? 5.I __________ already __________ (tidy) the room. It’s not messy any longer. 2. 表示到在止曾有某种。常用副ever, never 和 before. 通常 作：曾做某事此用法通常也只用一般疑句提或是用how many times 提。 Have you ever swum in the sea?No, never. Have you ever eaten pizza?Yes. A lot of times. I have been to America once. He has never traveled by ship. Have you drunk whisky before? How many times have you visited the Great Wall? *This is the most interesting book I have ever read. *This is the second time I have flown in a plane. Ex. 1.--__________ you __________________ (ever run) marathon? --No, I haven’t. It ’stoo hard for me. 2.He _________________________ (visit) the Summer Palace three times. 3.--__________ you __________________ (ever be) to Macao? --Yes, I have. It’s an interesting place. 4.This is the highest building I ___________________________ (ever see). 5.I __________________________________ (never play) golf. 6.This is the first time she ___________________________ (be) a volunteer. 3. 表示 从去某一开始，持到在的作或状，常用for + 一段 , since＋去的一个点或一般去的从句 , (since 1980/two years ago/he moved to this city) so far, recently, in the last/past? years 等副或短。通常作：做某事做了 多了，自从某就一直做某事，到目前止已做了此完成的用法通常 用 how long 提 , 或是有关量的提。 I have been a teacher for five years. They have worked in the company since 1998. --How long have played computer games?--For two hours. He has lived in Beijing since he was born. I haven’tseen him recently. --How many English words have you learned so far?--About 1500. Ex. 1.I ____________________ (know) him for ten years. 2.We _____________________ (live) in this house since 1990. 3.I ________________________ (not see) her since she ____________________ (leave) Beijing. 4.She ________________________ (write) five books since she _________________ (become) a writer. 5.They ______________________ (not spend) a holiday in the last few years. *注意：在在完成的句子中，必是持性/延性，一点与中文不同。中文中点 （止性或非持性）也可以和 表示一段的状用。而在英句子中必将些成相的持性。比下 面的句子： 1
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择现在完成时 1．―What do you think of our hometown? ―Very beautiful. You know it is the first time that I _______ here. A．will be B．was C．have been D．had been 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查固定句型中的时态。固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时；本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时。句意：—你认为我们国家怎么样？—发出漂亮。你知道这是我第一次来到这里。故C正确。 考点：考查固定句型中的时态。 点评：固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时； 2．It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams. A．failed B．has failed C．had failed D．have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定句式中的时态。固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故Ｂ正确。句意：这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。 【点睛】 固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。（1）It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。（2）It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.那是他第一次参观长城。 3．— Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good. — I one. Thank you just the same.
专项训练现在完成时专项练习 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The old city_______ a lot since ten years ago. A. changed B. changes C. change D. has changed 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】这个老城市已经发生了太多改变自从十年前。已经发生的用完成时。 【点评】考查时态的用法。 2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read? —I've no idea. I _____ there. A. have gone B. have been C. haven't been D. haven't gone 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．—Lucy, is your uncle a teacher? —Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years. A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你叔叔是老师吗？——是的，他是。他教历史将近20年了。根据句中的时间状语 for nearly 20 years ，可知，表示持续一段时间的动作，用现在完成时，have/has+过去分词。主语是he，用has，故选B. 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意其常与for+一段时间连用。 5．My parents for twenty years by the time I was 15.
现在完成时 先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ Yes , I have. 是的，看过了。No, I haven’t. 不，没看过。 4. We have studied English for two years. 我们已经学了两年英语了。 5. They haven’t seen each other since 1998. 自从1998年他们就没再见过面。 构成: 肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 例：I have worked here for 3 years. 否定句： 疑问句： 回答： 就划线部分提问： 过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种： 规则变化: a) 一般情况下，在动词后直接加ed, 如play---played，work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等; b) 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, carry-- -carried study---studied等; c) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed 如: stop---stopped，shop---shopped等。不规则变化：见一般时当中的不规则动词表点击→不规则动词表 写出下列动词的过去分词： put--- hear--- come--- make--- hurry--- watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like--- 二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it? We _______(do) it an hour ago. 2.______ he ______(see) this film yet? Yes. When _____ he _____(see) it? He ______ it last week. 3. How many times _____you______(be) there? 三、标志词 ◆常与①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for the last few weeks ⑾since ⑿for a long time/for 标志词的区别 1.for +一段时间 Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years. 2. since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点/单词/词组/ 从句(一般过去时) Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.