LESSON ONE
Music
1. M: By the way, Jane, did you talk to the consultant顾问about our new health program?
W: I contacted联系his office but his secretary said he would （be out for）试图得到lunch until two.
Q: What does the woman mean?
2. W: We need to let everyone know about the charity [?t??riti] n. 慈爱concert, but we don't have much money for advertising.
M: How about using the school radio station? They broadcast free public service服务announcements.通告
Q: What does the man suggest they do?
3. W: I don't understand why this self-study自学book doesn't have answers to the questions.
M: But it does. You can find them at the back of the book.
Q: What does the man say about the self-study book?
4. M: The new sales manager says he has never met you before.
W: We've been introduced about three times. He seems a little forgetful.
Q: What do we learn about the new sales manager?
5. M: Have you had the brakes[breik] n制动器; 闸; 刹车. and tires checked? And do you have enough money?
W: I have taken care of everything. And I'm sure it's going to be a wonderful极好的, 精彩的, 绝妙的trip.
Q: What's the woman going to do?
g. M: I've had my new stereo立体声for a whole week, but I haven't yet figured out想到how to record music.
W: Didn't an instruction manual [?m?nju?l] 手册形式的，像手册的；教范性质的come with it?
Q: What does the woman imply?
7. W: I want to pay you for that long-distance call I made. But, I suppose you haven't gotten your phone bill yet,
M: Oh, but I have.
Q: What does the man mean?
8. M: Professor Smith assigned us three more novels to read.
W: He must think you don't have any other classes.
Q: What can be inferred about Professor Smith?
9. M: Let's go watch the fireworks烟花tonight.
W: I have tickets to the theater.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. M: I am exhausted筋疲力尽的. I stayed up熬夜the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.
W: Why do you always wait till the last minute?
Q: What can be inferred about the man?
11. M: I'll be coming straight from work, so I'll have to pack包装；捆扎a change of clothes.
W: It's only a barbecue [?bɑ:bikju:] (常用于室外的)金属烤架. Jeans and T-shirts will be fine.
Q: What does the woman imply?
12. W: I'm going to the snack [sn?k] 小吃; 点心; 快餐bar for a cup of coffee. Would you like me to bring you back something?
M: Not from the snack bar, but could you pick up a paper for me?
Q: What does the man mean?
13. M: I don't understand how this budget was calculated[?k?lkjuleit] 计算, 估计, 核算.
W: Let me have a look, OK?
Q: What does the woman mean?
14. W: We need a fourth player for tennis this morning. Do you want to join us?
M: I've got a class at nine, but Carol is free and she is really good.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
15. W: Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet?
M: You know, money seems to be burning a hole in my pocket lately. Maybe next month.
Q: What does the man mean?
PART B Intensive加强的Listening: Music
Passage I: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart沃尔夫冈·阿马多伊斯·莫扎特
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) was one of the most human and lovable [?l?v?b?l]可爱的,惹人爱的of the great composers[k?m?p??z?] (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者. The period in which he lived was one of romantic interest, and his early life as a musical音乐的, 用于音乐的, 有音乐的child genius [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋before the principal最重要的; 主要的courts of Europe reads like a fairy [?f??ri]仙人, 小仙子, 小精灵tale传说；陈述.
(At no time)决不in the history of the world has the court life of Europe been so wasteful [?we?stf?l]浪费的;挥霍的;耗费的as during the later half of the eighteenth century. One of the great child geniuses [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋the world has ever known, the boy Mozart, and his sister Maria Anna, soon became the court favorites [?feiv?rit]特别喜欢的人(或物),喜欢的事物,亲信,心腹,幸运儿and traveled not only in Austria, but to France and Italy as well. It was but natural天生的, 生来的，本来的，与生俱来的that the youthful青年人的; 青春的; genius [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋should be influenced by these experiences. There is a delicacy [?del?k?si:] 精致, 精美;娇嫩and refinement [r??fa?nm?nt]精炼；提炼；提纯in Mozart's musical expression which is not found in the works of his master男教师; 院长, Haydn.
From his seventh year until his death at the age of thirty-five, Mozart's genius (poured forth)连续不断地流出a free stream of over a thousand melodious [m??l??di:?s]有旋律的,产生旋律的compositions创作, 写作, 作曲, many of which were never published. Mozart wrote all forms for all instruments仪器. Of his forty-nine symphonies[?simf?ni]交响乐, 交响曲, the two greatest are G-minor and C-major. These works were both written in six weeks during the summer of 1788.
As a composer (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者of opera [??p?r?]歌剧, Mozart still remains pre-eminent卓越的,优秀的. His dramatic戏剧性的works show great individual个别的, 单独的, 个人的genius天才, 天赋, but little regard for the previous先前的, 以前的reforms改革, 改良, 改造of Gluck. His areas have never been surpassed 超过; 优于; 多于; 非…所能办到and his dramatic戏剧的, 剧本的simplicity[sim?plisiti]简单, 朴素, 率直has rarely been equaled by succeeding composers作曲家. Mozart's greatest operas歌剧, "The Marriage of Figaro费加罗的婚礼", "Don Giovanni' and "The Magic Flute" are still popular favorites with singers歌手;歌唱家and the public as well. Gifted with a marvelous free melody, Mozart's music, even in his strictest compositions, possesses[p??zes].具有 a simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直and naive grace优雅which charms[t?ɑ:m]使高兴, 使着迷; 吸引all hearers.
1. Which of the following countries had NOT been visited by Mozart and his sister?
2. How many symphonies交响乐did Mozart create?
3. Which word could be used to describe描写, 叙述the period in which Mozart lived?
4. In which period did Mozart live?
5. How long did Mozart engage in参加; 从事; 忙于composing?
II.
1. ( F ) Like his master Haydn, Mozart created his works with refinement细微的改良; （精细的）改进, 改善and delicacy 精致, 精美;娇嫩.
2. ( T ) Mozart composed all forms of music for all instruments.
3. ( F ) In Mozart's works, much attention was paid to the previous先前的, 以前的reforms of Gluck格卢克.
4. ( T ) Mozart's areas have never been surpassed超过; 优于.
5. (T) Simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直is one of the characteristics特征in Mozart's music.
Passage II: American Music
One of America's most important exports出口is her modern music. American music is played all over the world. It is enjoyed by the people of all ages in all countries. Although the lyrics ['liriks]歌词are English, people not speaking English can enjoy it too. The reasons for its popularity普遍,流行; are its fast pace [peis步子；节奏and rhythmic
[?r?em?k] 有韵律的, 有节奏的beat[bi:t]节拍, 拍子.
The music has many origins [??rid?in]起点; 来源in the United States. Country music, coming from the rural农村的，乡村的areas in the southern United States, is one source来源, 出处. Country music features以…为物色是…特征simple themes 题目，主题，and melodies 曲调, 歌曲describing day-to-day situations形势; 情况and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate欣赏, 赏识, this music because of the emotions 情感，感情expressed by country music songs.
A second origin of American popular music is the blues[blu:z]布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲. It depicts描述mostly sad feelings reflecting表达; 反映the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is popular with all Americans.
（Rock music）摇滚音乐is a newer form of music. This music style风格, featuring .以…为物色是…特征fast and repetitious重复的;反复的rhythms节奏, was influenced by the blues布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲and country music. It was first known as rock-and-roll in the 1950s. Since then there have been many forms of rock music: hard rock, soft rock, and others. Many performers of popular music are young musicians.
American popular music is marketed在市场上出售某物to a demanding(顾客的)需求、需要audience观众, 听众; 读者. Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs have become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sung in their original起初的; 原来的English or sometimes translated into other languages. The words may differ but the enjoyment of the music is universal普遍的.
I.
1. Which group of people enjoy American music?
2. Why is American music so popular in all countries?
3. What can be learned from the passage?
4. What do you know from the passage?
5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
Passage III: Music in Different Cultures
In western culture music is regarded as good by birth在血统上,生来, and sounds that are welcome are said to be "music to the ears". In some other cultures文化-- for example, Islamic伊斯兰的,伊斯兰教的culture -- it is of little value, associated (使)发生联系, (使)联合; 结交, 结伙with sin [sin]罪恶, 罪孽and evil罪恶. In the West and in the high cultures of Asia, it is said that there are three types of music. First, classical古典的, 经典的music, composed 组成, 构成and performed by trained professionals具有某专业资格的人, 专业人士originally最初under the support of courts 宫廷, 宫室and religious宗教的establishments建立, 确立; second, folk music民间音乐, shared by the population at large and passed on 传递; 传授orally口头上地,口述地, and third, popular music, performed by professionals, spread (使)传播, (使)散布through radio, television, records, film, and print, and consumed消耗，耗尽by the mass public.
Music is a major component成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件in religious宗教的services, theater剧场,戏院,, and entertainment娱乐, 文娱节目, 表演会of all sorts. The most universal use of music is as a part of religious rituals仪式. In some tribal [?tra?b?l]部落的societies, music appears to serve as a special form of communication with supernatural超
自然的;鬼、神或幻术所引起的beings, and its prominent显著的; 突出的use in modern Christian基督教徒and Jewish 犹太人的;犹太教徒的services may be the leftover of just such an original原始的purpose. Another less obvious function of music is social adherence遵守;遵循；坚持. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol象征, 标志. Members of most societies share keen热衷的, 热心的, feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to". Indeed, some minorities少数, 小部分including, in the U. S.A., black Americans and Euro-American groups use music as a major symbol of group identity身份. Music also symbolizes象征;作为…的象征military军事的, 军用的;, patriotic
[?p?tri??tik]爱国的, 有爱国心的and funeral葬礼, 丧礼moods心情, 情绪and events. In a more general普遍的, 全面的; sense, music may express the central最重要的, 主要的, 首要social values of a society. In western culture, the interrelationship相互关系of conductor and orchestra [??:kistr?]管弦乐队symbolizes the need for strong cooperation合作, 协作among various kinds of specialists 专家, 行家in a modern industrial society.
I.
1. In what culture is music regarded as good by birth?
2. Which of the following is performed by professionals?
3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
4. According to the passage, what is the most universal use of music?
5. Which of the following is NOT symbolized by music?
II.
1. In some other cultures, music is of low value, associated with sin and evil.
2. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol. Members of most societies share keen feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to".
3. In a more general sense, music may express the central social values of a society. In Western culture, the interrelationship between conductor and orchestra symbolizes the need for strong cooperation among various kinds of specialists in a modern industrial society.
PART C
（1）Practical （2）Religious
（3）Sunday School（4）Piano
（5）a walk （6）join them
（7）other people （8）go to the cinema
（9）at the time （10）duty
（11）gentle （12）discussion
（13）penniless （14）vivid
（15）greeted （16）love and warmth
（17）come home （18）principles
（19）applying
LESSON two
1. M: Do you still want to go to the graduate研究生的school after you get out of college?
W: I've changed my mind about that. I want to start working before I go back to school.
Q: What does the woman mean?
2. M: We've got a whole hour before the Browns come by来串门, 来访to pick us up安排接取; 使搭乘; 搭救.
W: Yeah. But we'd better get moving赶快；快些开始.
Q: What does the woman suggest they do?
3. M: I'm thinking of getting a new printer.
W: I'd invest in在…上投资, 在…投入(时间、精力等) a laser [?leiz?激光] printer. The print quality is much better. Q: What does the woman mean?
4. W: I've got a coupon [?ku:p?n]配给券；（购物）票证；（购物）优惠券for half-off五折dinner at that new restaurant down the street. I think I'll use it when my cousin [?k?zn]堂[表]兄弟[姊妹] comes for a visit this weekend.
M: Where did you get it? I wouldn't mind（trying that place out too）试验.
Q: What does the man want to know?
5. W: What's Laura doing here today? I thought she was supposed 料想; 猜想; 以为to be out of离开了the office on Mondays.
W: She decided she'd rather have Fridays off instead.
Q: What can be inferred about Laura?
6. M: I need to find a new roommate <英>室友,住在同室的人.
W: So John's going to California after all.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
7. M: My math assignment's工作, 任务due 到期的tomorrow morning and I haven't even started it yet.
W: I'll miss想念, 惦记you at the party tonight.
Q: What does the woman imply?
8. W: Those packages包, 包裹, 包在一起的东西took forever长久地；（与动词进行时连用）老是，没完没了地to arrive.
M: But they did arrive, didn't they?
Q: What does the man say about the packages?
9. M: My parents are coming to see our apartment一套房间, 一户this weekend.
W: Looks as if I'd better lend you my vacuum [?v?kju?m]〈口〉真空吸尘器cleaner 净化器then.
Q: What does the woman imply?
10. M: Sarah, did you have a chance to buy that new novel you wanted?
W: No, but I had Doris get it for me.
Q: What does Sarah say about the novel?
11. M: I've been waiting all week for this concert. The philharmonic [filɑ:?m?nik]交响乐团is supposed to be excellent and with our student discoun [?diskaunt]数目, 折扣t the tickets will be really cheap.
W: Uh -- uh, I'm afraid I left my student ID in my other purse钱包.
Q: What does the woman imply?暗示, 暗指
12. M: The university bookstore opens at 9 in the morning.
W: Oh, dear. I need a textbook教科书, 课本for my eight o'clock class today.
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. M: The storm暴风雨[雪] last night damaged some of the neighbor's roofs.
W: no wonder不足为奇.
Q: What does the woman mean?
14. M: You've certainly无疑地; 确定地；肯定地been reading that one page for a long time now.
W: Well, I'm being tested on it tomorrow.
Q: What does the woman imply暗示?
15. W: Another thing we need to do is show the new students around town. You know, show them all the sights视野；风景of the area.
M: I don't see why we need to do that ourselves. I understand the visitors' center offers a wonderful bus tour旅行, 观光. Q: What does the man suggest they do?
PART B
Passage I:
People in the US get a two-week paid有报酬的;领取报酬的vacation from their job every year. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain抱怨, 诉苦; 投诉that two weeks is not enough especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans enjoy. In addition, there are eight days in each European country, which are public holidays (the British call Bank Holiday) and many of these fall on落到, 轮到a Monday giving people a long weekend.
What do people do in Britain and the US when they are on holidays? In the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example, at the Grand Canyon峡谷or Yellowstone or other national parks or forests. Young people may go walking or camping 宿营, 露营in the mountains. Many people have small trailers拖车, 挂车in which to travel, or if they are in a car, they may stay at motels汽车旅馆on the journey旅行; 行程;. Disneyland and Disney world are also popular and people can go skiing in the Rocky洛矶Mountains of Colorado科罗拉多州, Wyoming怀俄明州and Montana蒙大纳(美国州名). Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation from school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts技巧；技能；技艺. When Americans want a holiday for fun in the sun, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic历史上著名（或重要）的interest.
In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Backpool, Scarborough斯卡波罗and Bournemouth伯恩茅斯, where there is plenty充裕, 大量, 富庶to do even when it rains. People also like to go to the country, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake湖泊District. When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and the Spanish islands of Majorea and Ibiza伊比沙岛are popular as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps阿尔卑斯山.
1. How long a paid vacation can Americans enjoy every year?
2. How many days are there about public holidays for Europeans in a year? weeks.
3. Where do Americans usually go for fun in the sun?
4. Where do Americans usually spend their holidays for culture?
5. British people usually go to Spain for holidays. What for?
l. ( ) Many of the public holidays are on Friday in Britain.
2. ( ) Americans like to have outdoor activities during their vacations.
3. ( ) Some American children do some special activities in the summer camps during their vacations.
4. ( ) When British people go abroad, they usually go for culture.
5. ( ) For the British, the Alps is a skiing resort度假胜地, 旅游胜地.
Passage II:
Every country in the world celebrates New Year but not everyone does it on the same day. The countries of North and South America and Europe welcome the New Year on January 1. This practice began with the Romans. Julius Caesar, a Roman ruler, changed the date of the New Year from the first day of March to the first day of January. In the Middle East, New Year is on the day when spring begins. People in China celebrate it on the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their lunar [?lju:n?] 月的, 月球的;按阴历的calendar[?k?lind?] 日历, 月历. The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19. Rosh Hashana犹太新年, which is the Jewish New Year, comes at the end of summer.
In all of these cultures, there is a tradition of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil邪恶的, 坏的，恶毒的spirits神灵, 幽灵from home. Many people do it with fire-works. In Japan, people go from house to
house making noise with drums 鼓, 鼓状物and bamboo竹, 竹竿sticks棍, 棒. Young people in Denmark丹麦throw broken pieces of jars罐子, 广口瓶or pots against the sides of friends' houses.
In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve前日, 前夕to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the New Year comes, all ring环状物, 圆圈bells钟, 铃, 电铃, blow吹horns[h?:n]号, 号角, blow whistle哨子, 汽笛songs, and kiss each other.
In many European countries, families start the new year by first attending church services, which is followed by paying calls on friends and relatives. Italian boys and girls receive gifts of money on New Year's Day.
New Year's Day is more joyful快乐的, 高兴的than Christmas圣诞节in France and Scotland. In these countries Christmas is a religious holiday only, while the New Year is the time for gifts-giving, parties, and visits.
1. Who changed the date of the New Year from March 1 to January 17
2. When does the Jewish New Year begin?
3. Why did people make noise in ancient times when they celebrated the New Year?
4. According to the speaker, how do the children in Denmark celebrate the New Year?
5. In which country do children receive gifts of money on New Year's Day?
1. ( ) People in the Middle East welcome the New Year on January 1.
2. ( )The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19.
3. ( ) On New Year's Day, many people make noise with fireworks.
4. ( ) In all European countries, families start the new year by paying calls on friends and relatives.
5. ( ) Christmas is the most joyful and important festival of the year in France.
Passage 3:
Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day and they went singing from home to home. In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!" In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. To wear your heart on your sleeve now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling. In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him. Some people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin flying overhead on Valentine's Day, it meant she would marry a sailor. If she saw a sparrow, she would marry a poor man and be very happy. If she saw a goldfinch, she would marry a millionaire.
A love seat is a wide chair. It was first made to seat one woman and her wide dress. Later, the love seat or courting seat had two sections, often in an S-shape. In this way, a couple could sit together -- but not too closely! Think of five or six names of boys or girls you might marry. As you twist the stem of an apple, recite the names until the stem comes off. You will marry the person whose name you were saying when the stem fell off. Pick a dandelion that has gone to seed. Take a deep breath and blow the seeds into the wind. Count the seeds that remain on the stem. That is the number of children you will have. If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.
1. According to the passage, who would dress up on Valentine's Day hundreds of years ago in England?
2. What are NOT mentioned as the favorite decorations on the carved spoons?
3. According to the passage, what kind of person would a woman marry if she saw
4. Why was a love seat made?
5. According to the passage, when a woman twists the stem of an apple, what does the woman want to see?
1.(T) To wear your heart on your sleeve means that it's easy for other people to know how you are feeling.
2. (T) If a woman keeps the gift of clothing from a young man, it means that she will marry him.
3. (F) A love seat was made in an S-shape for a couple to sit on comfortably.
4. (F) Nowadays, we think that if a woman sees a sparrow flying overhead on Valentine's Day, she will marry a poor man and be very happy.
5. ( T ) According to the passage, you can guess how many children you will have with the help of an apple or a dandelion. PART C
1) 1947 2) Yale Law School 3) a brave face 4) family life 5) stood by 6) on her husband's behalf 7) highlight 8) the White House9) relationship 10) her marriage 11)all Americans 12) the First Lady 13) 1996 14) law firm15) public stage
16)everybody 17) the same thing 18) in private 19) public responsibilities 20) a true home
Lesson three
1. W: The report says all departments are making a profit except the Asian department.
M: Well, Mr. Smith seems to be the wrong person to head that department. One more step wrong and he will be removed from that office.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
2. W: During the last thunderstorm, I noticed several leaks in my bedroom ceiling and they really caused a mess.
M: Maybe you have some broken tiles. I have the phone number of a good roofing company that could do a good repair job for you at a reasonable price.
Q: What can we conclude from this conversation?
3. W: How did you do on the math exam, John?
M: I barely made it. It was just a passing score but better than I had expected.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
4. M: I wonder what makes Mother so upset these days?
W: Father is canceling his vacation trip. He promised to take her abroad last year, but the company is again asking father to postpone his vacation.
Q: Why is their mother unhappy?
5. W: Friday's speaker is supposed to be wonderful. Are you going to attend the seminar that day?
M: Yes, but I haven't been able to get a ticket yet. Since the lecture is open to the public, I imagine the tickets may have already been sold out.
Q: Why is the man afraid he won't be able to attend the seminar?
6. M: Could you lend me your biology notes?
W: Do you think you'll be able to make out my handwriting?
Q: What does the woman imply about the notes?
7. W: Did you pick up my books from Ron's house?
M: Sorry. It slipped my mind.
Q: What does the man mean?
8. W: Would you like to go to the movies with us tonight?
M: To the movies? Tonight is the biggest concert of the year.
Q: What does the man mean?
9. M: Just one person in the whole class got an A on the test! YOU!
W: ALL RIGHT!!!
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. W: We are having a party at our house on the weekend of the 30th. Would you like to join us?
M: That sounds like a lot of fun. But I'll need to check my calendar first.
Q: What does the man imply?
11. M: I've been running a mile every afternoon for the past month. But I still haven't been able to lose more than a pound or two. I wonder if it's worth it.
W: Oh, don't give up now. It always seems hard when you are just starting out.
Q: What does the woman mean?
12. M: I'm going to the vegetable stand today. Can I pick up anything for you?
W: No, thanks. I just came back from the market myself.
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. M: I don't understand why I received such a low grade on my term paper.
W: You should make an appointment with the professor to discuss it.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
14. M: The sound of all that traffic is driving me out of my mind.
W: It is had. But the highway will reopen tomorrow, then we won't have all those cars passing by any more.
Q: What does the woman imply?
15. W: I invited your mother to lunch yesterday. But she said she didn't have any free time.
M: Yeah. She just got a new job.
Q: What does the man mean?
Passage I:
Established on January 1, 1995, World Trade Organization is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). It exists to promote a free-market international trade system. The WTO promotes trade by:
1. reducing tariffs;
2. prohibiting import or export bans or quotas;
3. eliminating discrimination against foreign products and services;
4. eliminating other impediments to trade, commonly called "non-tariff trade barriers''.
With China's successful entry into WTO in Nov 2001, it currently has 135 member countries, accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 others are negotiating membership. The WTO's top-level decision-making body is the ministerial conference which meets at least once every two years. Over three-quarters of WTO members are developing countries. Special provisions for these members are included in the WTO's agreements. GATT is now the WTO's principal rule-book. Decisions are made by the entire membership by consensus or majority vote. The WTO's agreements have been ratified in all members' parliaments. If a trade barrier is found to be unfair, the WTO can authorize the imposition of trade sanctions to force a change in that country's law. The WTO exempts trade barriers which are designed to conserve natural resources or protect health.
Critics say the WTO credits agreements are skewed in favor of rich countries. The west may preach trade liberalization, but it has used negotiations to prize third world market while keeping its own barriers intact.
1.When was the World Trade Organization established?
2. What is the aim of establishing the WTO?
3. According to the passage, how many member countries does the WTO currently have?
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
5. What does the WTO do if a trade barrier is found to be unfair in a certain country?
1.GATT,
2.over 90%,
3.the ministerial conference,
4.conserve natural resources, protect health,
5.in favor of rich countries. Passage II
World financial circles affirm that this year has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years. The growth rate is expected to reach 4.7 percent, much higher than the 2.5 percent in 1998 and the 3.3 percent in 1999. The average economic growth rate of developed countries may reach 4.2 percent this year. The US economy continues to lead the tide of the world economic growth, with its economic growth rate getting close to 5.2 percent. The European economic situation is also better than that in previous years, and the average growth rate of the 11 countries in the Euro zone is to reach 3.5 percent. The Japanese economy has freed itself from a slump, and its growth rate this year may reach 1.9 percent, higher than the average growth rate in the past 10 years.
The average economic growth rate of the developing countries this year can reach 5.6 percent. The economic development in the Asian developing regions has attracted people's attention. Their growth rate this year may reach 7.1 percent. The Russian economy has had an unexpected, strong recovery from the 1998 crisis, with the growth rate possibly reaching 6 percent.
Among the many factors that have boosted world economic growth, the growing information technological industry is playing an increasingly outstanding role. The information technological industry is becoming a leading industry in the national economy and a new economic growth point. According to experts' estimate, file current contribution rate of the information technological industry to the world economic growth is 18.2 percent. Its ratio in the growth of the US economy is even higher, standing at one-third. The information technological industry is currently the world, economic sector experiencing rapid development and is creating ever-more wealth, The integration of the traditional economy and the web economy has become the present development trend of the world economy.
1.They affirm that the year 2000 has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years.
2.The Russian economy.
3.18.2%.
4.The information technological industry.
5.The present development trend of the world economy is the integration of the traditional economy and the web economy.
1) 4.2%, 2) 5.2%, 3) 3.5%, 4) 1.9%, 5) 5.6%, 6) 7.1%, 7) 6%
Passage III:
President Jiang Zemin said on November 16, 2000 that in the development of a "New Economy", it is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology. He made this address at the eighth informal meeting of leaders of the APEC forum. He explained that the "New Economy" refers to the kind of economy initiated and sustained by new technologies and hi-tech industries. The advancement of technology, led by IT and biotechnology industries, is giving rise to a new industrial revolution, Jiang said.
Developing countries are faced with the difficult task of both transforming their traditional industries and developing new industries, Jiang noted, adding that continued expansion of the 'digital divide" has widened the wealth gap between North and South and may trigger new imbalances in the world economy.
"Against the background of accelerated economic globalization and the dynamic progress of science and technology, we must facilitate cooperation between developed and developing countries on exchanges of human resources, technology and infrastructure, and we must help countries develop independently to narrow the North-South gap.
"Today, the development, application and impact of science and technology far transcends national boundaries. For example, every major breakthrough made in the human genome project is a crystallization of cooperation between scientists from a number of countries. Only when applied in a global context can the achievements of science and technology benefit people", Jiang said. He also noted that economic globalization should stress the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.
The protection of intellectual property rights should be guided by market rules in such away that the rules will be helpful to the spread of scientific and technological knowledge, so that all countries may benefit, he added.
1.On November 16, 2000.
2.It is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology.
3.It refers to the kind of economy initiated and sustained by new technologies and hi-tech industries.
4.They are faced with the task of both transforming their traditional industries and developing new industries.
5.It should stress the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.
1.the eighth informal meeting of leaders
2.bio-technology industries, a new industrial revolution
3.has widened the wealth gap, North and South, new imbalances in the world economy
4.developed and developing countries, human resources, technology
5.intellectual property rights, the spread of scientific and technological knowledge, all countries may benefit.
PART C
1) opportunity, 2) distinguished guests, 3) his family, 4) Washington, 5) campaign, 6) the very best, 7) differences, 8) involvement, 9) first lady, 10) vice president, 11) cooperation, 12)politics, 13) values, 14) Democrats, 15) unity, 16) foundation, 17) details, 18) consensus, 19) common ground, 20) one nation
LESSON FOUR
Education
PART A
1. W: I am amazed使大为吃惊, 使惊奇you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.
M: It runs well. And I've actually grown quite (attached to) (使)贴〔系, 粘〕在…上it.
Q: What does the man mean?
2. W: Tom has tried so hard to win a race since he first joined the track team. But it's two years later, and he still hasn't.
M: I know. And it takes so much time from his class work. Maybe he should just forget about sports for now.
Q: What does the man mean?
3. M: Don't you just love the hot mid-day sun?
W: I sure do, Unfortunately, it doesn't like my skin.
Q: What does the woman mean?
4. W: I'm not going swimming in the lake unless it warms up outside today.
M: Me, either. Unfortunately, I think it is supposed to stay this cold all day.
Q: What can be inferred about the speakers?
5. M: That sweater毛衣，线衣is so unusual, and yet it looks familiar. Did I just see you wearing that yesterday?
W: Well, not me. But it belongs to my roommate, Jane, and she is in your physics class.
Q: What does the woman imply?
6. M: You know my car hasn't been the same since I had bumped撞倒; 冲撞into that telephone toll.
W: You'd better have that looked into before you drive to Florida.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7. M: I notice that you don't buy your lunch in the cafeteria [?k?fi?ti?ri?]自助餐厅或食堂any more.
W: When prices went up I decided to bring my own.
Q: Why doesn't the woman buy food in the cafeteria?
8. M: If I don't find my wallet钱夹, 皮夹pretty漂亮的, 可爱的, 精致的soon, I'm going to have to report it stolen. W: Hold on. Before you call campus (大学)校园security保卫部门；保安部门office, have you checked your car or your jacket pocket, everywhere?
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
9. W: I've been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signa信号, 暗号l.
W: Well, if you don't get him soon we'll just have to go to the movies without him.
Q: Why are the women trying to call David?
10. M: Are you ready to go jogging慢走; 慢跑?
W: Almost. I have to warm up (使)作准备活动first.
Q: What does the woman mean?
11. M: You did an excellent job on that presentation报告.
W: Thanks. I put a lot of time into it.
Q: What does the woman mean?
12. M: Got the time?
W: It's a little after ten.
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. W: Excuse me, could you bring me a glass of water, please?
M: Sorry, but I am not a waiter.
Q: What does the man mean?
14. W: My cousin堂[表]兄弟[姊妹] Bob is getting married in California and I can't decide whether to go.
M: It's a long trip but I think you will have a good time.
Q: What does the man imply?
15. W: Thanks a lot, this scarf [skɑ:f]围巾; 披肩; 领巾will be perfect with my blue jacket.
M: Made a good choice, did I?
Q: What does the man mean?
PART B Passage I:
More than one million students from all over the world have once studied in the United States since 1945. In a recent single year, there were more than 150 thousand foreign students who came to the United States' institutions of higher learning. They were welcomed and most were successful in their academic studies. Foreign students who study in the United States benefit a lot from the educational system of the United States.
Three developments in the United States higher education that the students are benefiting from today started more than a century ago following the Civil War. The first of these was the rapid growth of the technological and professional education to meet the urgent demands of a complex industrial and urban society. New schools of technology, engineering, architecture, law and medicine flourished. The second was the provision for graduate study, such as what had long existed in France and Germany. Harvard and John Hopkins Universities quickly took the lead in this field, but the state universities did not lag far behind. The third was the increased provision for the education of women. This included the establishment of new women's colleges, such as Vassar, Wellesley and Smith, and the adoption of co-education in all the new state universities outside the South as well as in many private institutions: These
developments, the growth of the technological and professional education, the provision for graduate study, and the increased educational opportunities for women began over a century ago, well over thirteen decades since the end of the Civil War.
Exercises with Key
1. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
2. How many major educational changes does the speaker discuss?
3. How many foreign students have studied in the United States since 19457
4. Which university took the lead in providing graduate study for the students?
5. What can you infer about the education for women in the United States before the Civil War?
II.
1. ( ) After the Civil War, many technological schools were established to meet the urgent demands of the society.
2. ( ) Graduate education in the United States has existed for over two hundred years,
3. ( ) Graduate education was provided earlier in France and Germany than in the United States.
4. ( ) The state universities did not lag far behind in developing graduate education.
5. ( ) Co-education was adopted in all the new state universities after the Civil War.
Passage II:
In Britain all children have to go to school between the ages of 5 and 16. In the US children must go to school from the age of 6 to between the ages of 14 and 16, depending on the state they live in.
In England and Wales, the subjects taught in schools are laid down by the National Curriculum. The National Curriculum was introduced in 1988 and it sets out in detail the subjects that children should study and the levels of achievement they should reach by the ages of 7, 11, 14 and 16, when they are tested. The National Curriculum does not apply in Scotland. where each school decides what subjects it will teach. In the US, the subjects taught are decided by national and local governments. Whereas British schools usually have prayers and religious instruction, American schools are not allowed to include prayers or to teach particular religious beliefs.
At 15 or 16, students in England and Wales take GCSE examinations. At 18, some students take A-level examinations, usually in not more than 3 subjects. It is necessary to have A-levels in order to go to a university or polytechnic. In Scotland students take the SCE examinations. A year later, they can take examinations called HIGHERS, after which they can either go straight to a university or spend a further year at school and take the Certificate of Sixth Year Studies. In the US, school examinations are not as important as they are in Britain. Students in High Schools do have exams at the end of their last two years, but these final exams are considered along with the work that the students have done during the school years.
In American high schools there is a formal ceremony for Graduation. Students wear a special cap and gown and receive a diploma from the head of the school. At the end of their junior year, at age 17 or 18, students hold parties in the evening. The girls wear long evening dresses and the boys wear tuxedos. In Britain, there are no formal dances or social occasions associated with school life.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
2. What can you learn from the passage?
3. What kind of examinations will the students in England and Wales take at the age of 15 or167
4. Why do students take A-level examinations in England and Wales?
5. According to the passage, what formal activity is NOT associated with American high schools?
II.
1. the age of 6 ;between the ages of 14 and 16 ;the state they live in.
2. national and local governments.
3. England and Wales; are laid down ;apply in Scotland.
4. not so important; with the work that the students have done.
5. formal dances or social occasions
Passage III:
Canada's per capita spending on education is among the world's highest. All provinces have compulsory education laws requiring that students attend school until the age of fifteen or sixteen. Elementary education includes kindergarten through the eighth grade. Canada's bilingual and bicultural heritage has had and continues to have a profound effect on the educational system. Since I985, the province of Ontario has maintained publicly funded Roman Catholic and
French-language schools from kinder-garden through the twelfth grade in addition to the English-language schools. Saskatchewan and Alberta also support separate Roman Catholic schools. Quebec province maintains a dual school system -- Protestant and Catholic, each with its own school board.
Higher education in Canada is offered in a variety of forms. Entrance requirements vary from one province to another. The traditional universities offer three-year
general degree programs and four-year honors degree programs emphasizing a specialization. Seven of the universities are French-speaking while the others are English. All the traditional universities are concerned about the relationship between their curricula and the economy and society. Graduates in recent years have faced considerable difficulty in finding employment.
The Canadian provinces maintain junior colleges, community colleges, and technical institutes. They provide a variety of courses, often short term, that cater to individual interests. These include subjects of current events and calligraphy. Adult education has become increasingly popular in Canada in recent years. Almost all institutions offer some adult education courses.
1. According to the passage, what do the compulsory education laws require in Canada?
2. Which province in Canada maintains a dual school system?
3. What institutions offer four-year honors degree?
4. What are all the traditional universities concerned about?
5. What can you infer from the passage?
II. 1. ( ) Canada's per capita spending on education is among the world's highest
2. ( ) Canada's bilingual and bicultural heritage continues to have a profound effect on the educational system.
3. ( ) Since 1985, the province of Ontario has only maintained English-language schools from kindergarten through the twelfth grade.
4. ( ) Seventeen of the traditional universities are French-speaking while the others are English.
5.( ) Adult education has become increasingly popular in Canada,
1) honor and pleasure 2) the families and friends 3) encouragement. 4) 1968. 5) proud 6) capable 7) learning and preparation 8) a formal education, 9) responsibilities 10) possibilities. 11) an exceptional education 12) ambitious 13) worthiest 14) personal satisfaction 15) Harvard friends 16) education, 17) understanding 18) happiness and success 19) memories of Harvard 20) undergraduates
LESSON FIVE
Life on Campus
PART A
1. M: I think I'll add that information to my paper.
W: You really should check it out in your reference book.
Q: What does the woman imply
2. W: Do you know when Thomas was born?
M: Don't ask me. I'm not good with dates.
Q: What does the man mean?
3. M: The forecast is for a severe winter. Are you prepared?
W: Hardly. I'm waiting for the next sale to get a down jacket.
Q: What does the woman imply?
4. M: How long has it been since you saw Becky?
W: I bumped into her at the market just last week.
Q: What does the woman mean?
5. M: Pam says she likes art museums.
W: But she doesn't often visit them, does she?
Q: What does the woman imply about Pam?
6. M: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.
W: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerves sometimes.
Q: What does the woman imply?
7. M: You know, every time I talk to Mary I get the feeling she's been critical of me.
W: Don't you think you are overreacting a bit?
Q: What does the woman mean?
8. W: Would you like to come to Janet's surprise party tomorrow night?
M: I'm going to a concert tomorrow, I wish I could be in two places at once.
Q: What does the man mean?
9. W: There is a great antique show at the grand auditorium. Let's go see it this evening.
M: I have worked really hard all day long. Won't it be there for a while?
Q: What does the man imply?
10. M; Bill has only been on the job a week and already he's acting like he is the boss.
W: He's not going to last long with that attitude.
Q: What does the woman imply?
11. M: Did you pick up your letter at the post office?
W: No. I got my roommate to do it.
Q: What happened to the letter?
12. W: Debra says she is going to stay up all night studying for her exam tomorrow morning.
M: Wouldn't she be better off getting a good night sleep, so she'll feel fresh in the morning?
Q: What does the man imply?
13. M: Your little nephew is growing by leaps and bounds.
W: Yes. He must be at least three feet tall already.
Q: What do the speakers say about the woman's nephew?
14. W: That's a nice computer you have.
M: Now all I have to do is figure out how to use it,
Q: What does the man imply?
15. W: You know the noise in my dorm has really gotten out of control. My roommate and I can rarely get to sleep before midnight.
M: Why don't you take the problem up with the dorm supervisor?
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
PART B
Passage 1: Housing Options in the United States
Finding the right place to live can help guarantee a most rewarding experience in the United States for international students. Depending on your situation, whether you are here alone or with a family, the duration of your stay, the amount of privacy you would like, anything from living on campus in a residence hall to private accommodation in a motel could suit
your needs. As an ESL student, your housing may or may not be included in the study program. The basic choice to make is whether to live on or off campus. There are advantages and disadvantages to both.
The advantages for living on campus are as follows: you will have furnished rooms, easy access to campus facilities such as libraries, computer labs, sports facilities and cafeterias, access to social activities and peers, and maximum interaction with other students. Eating on campus is usually cheaper, and you don't have to worry about transportation to and from classes. There are also some disadvantages. You may be sharing a bedroom with other students, so you will not have much privacy. You must be flexible in living with others.
The advantages for living off campus are as follows: you will have privacy, more real-world experiences, your own bathroom and kitchen facilities, and furnished rooms. It is possible to have visitors at any time and suitable for students with their families. However, there are some disadvantages. The rooms are not always furnished. Unless you are living with a host family, there is a lack of spontaneous social activities with people. And transportation is inconvenient. You may waste some time in transit to and from classes.
Exercises with Key
1. Whom does the speaker address?
2. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
3. Which place would a student most likely choose if be wants to have easy access to campus facilities?
4. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of living on campus?
5. What is the disadvantage of living off campus?
1. According to the passage, it is not decided by the student himself whether to live on campus or not.
2. All students have their own bathroom and kitchen facilities if they live on campus.
3. A student should be flexible if he lives in a residence hall.
4. Living off campus is suitable for a student with a family.
5. Students living with a host family have the chances to take part in social activities.
Passage II: Living on Campus
All students are required to live in the Residence Hall, which will provide students with good opportunities to make friends, meet each other and enjoy a wonderful campus life. The Student Residence Hall is situated on the campus within a short walking distance from the library, study rooms, computer science center and recreational facilities. Students will also have convenient access to the sea and other places of interests in the neighborhood. They will have a quite different life while walking along the soft beach, visiting off-campus places and looking for fun.
At present, about 60 rooms are available and each accommodates three students. All rooms are fully furnished with bookshelves, cupboards, desks, one telephone, one TV and modem outlets. Shared washroom and bathroom are provided on each floor, and both are fixed with considerate facilities. There is a laundry with several washing machines on the first fiber. Bedding is provided and each week a clean linen change will be arranged.
A group of well-trained workers are responsible to see that all public sections are clean all the time. Security guards arc always on watch on the first floor to receive consultation and complaints and guarantee the safety of every resident.
The Dining Hall is on the second floor of the building. Both students and the college staff are encouraged to have meals in the College Dining Hall. Breakfast, lunch and supper are all offered and a great variety of nutritious and healthy Chinese foods are also available.
A small caf6 is open 16 hours a day from 6:00 a.m. to 10: 00 p.m. on the third floor, which is a very romantic and graceful place for enjoying western food, drinking coffee or other beverages and talking to friends. Both food and service are standard.
1. Which of the following statements about the Residence Hall is NOT true?
2. What is NOT included in the rooms of the Residence Hall?
3. On which floor is the laundry?
4. According to the passage, who is responsible for the cleaning work?
5. Which of the following statements about the Dining Hall is NOT true?
1. the library; computer science center
2. 180
3.on the first floor; guarantee the safety of every resident.
4. 16 hours a day ; 6:00a.m. ;10:00 p.m.
5. very romantic and graceful; enjoying western food; talking to friends. Passage II: A Talk Given by a Housing Director
Good afternoon, I'm Torris Don, housing director here at the university. I'm visiting all the dormitories this week to inform students about check-out procedures. I know you have a lot on your minds with finals coming up, but there are a few things you need to be aware of as you prepare to leave for your summer vacation. This dormitory will be closed during the summer months and will reopen on September first. You must vacate your room by June third. Even if you're registered for classes during the summer, you must leave this dorm by June third. If this poses a problem to you, you should contact my office as soon as possible. You should remember to turn in your room key before you leave. Failure to return your key can result in a g5-dollar fine.
You must also make sure that all of your personal property has been cleared out of your room. I'll be passing out a form for you to fill out concerning the condition of your room. You should report on the form any damage to your room that has occurred over the last year, such as holes in the room's walls, doors or windows. That way, our summer maintenance crew will know where to make repairs before the next school year starts. If you have any questions during the next few days, please ask your resident advisers or call my office. Now please take one of the forms as they are passed around.
1. What does the speaker mainly discuss?
2. When does this talk take place?
3. How long does the summer vacation last?
4. Before they leave their dorm rooms, what must the students do?
5. What must students indicate on the forms?
1. ( F ) The housing director is giving this talk in his own office,
2. ( F ) According to the passage, the students have finished their final exams.
3. ( F ) A student can stay in his dorm room if he registers for summer school.
4. ( T ) Students should return their room keys before they leave for summer vacation.
5. ( T ) The dorm rooms will be maintained during the summer vacation.
PART C
1) audience 2) text 3) the whole group 4) emphasize 5) straight 6)technician
7) microphone 8) careful 9) side 10) value11) apology 12) message 13)best public speakers 14) shortest 15) a challenge16) poet 17) admiration 18) fifteen 19) profession 20) effectiveness
LESSONsix
animals
PART A Getting Started: Short Conversations
1. W: I don't think we should have told Tom about the surprise party for Lucy.
M: It's all right. He promised not to tall her, and he doesn't make promises lightly.
Q: What does the man mean?
2. W：I didn't come yesterday because I had a temperature. Could you tell me your requirements for my term paper?
M: The theme of your paper can be about business management or touring resources in China and the length of your paper should be no less than 15 pages.
Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
3. M: Though we didn't win the game, we were satisfied with our performance.
W: You did a great job. You almost beat the world champions. It's a surprise to many people.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
4. W: This is Mrs. Thatcher. My heater is not getting any power and the weatherman says the temperature is going to be far below zero tonight. Could you get someone to come over and fix it?
M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I'd speak to one of our men about going over sometime today.
Q: What did Mrs. Thatcher want to come over?
5. M: Did you notice that after almost ten years in the United States, Mr. Lee still speaks English with such a strong accent?
W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it's part of his identity.
Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Lee?
6. M: I lost the piece of paper Laura gave me, you know, the one with her address on it.
W: You might be able to find it listed in the phone book.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7. M: Do you know if Sarah has reserved the room for the committee meeting yet?
W: No. But if she hasn't, we should have her try to get the auditorium. We'll need the space.
Q: What does the woman want Sarah to do?
8; W: I am having trouble slicing the bread with this knife.
M: Oh, sorry about that. I haven't got around to sharpening it yet.
Q: What can be inferred about the knife?
9. M: You ought to be a lot more persuasive if you want to convince the committee to accept your proposal.
W: I am not sure what else I could say. Besides, I don't think they'll reject it.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. M: Do you think you'll be able to get this ink stain out of my pants?
W: It won't be a problem. But I’ll need to send them over to our main cleaning facility. That's an extra day's time.
Q: What does the woman mean?
11. M: Did you watch the comedy special on TV last night? I don't think I've ever laughed so hard.
W: Don't even talk to me about it. The only night 1 really wanted to watch something and we had a power failure in my building.
Q: What does the woman mean?
12. W: Well, if you are seriously considering buying a car, I am trying to get rid of mine. All you need is some new paint.
M: Thanks, but most used cars then bring more trouble than they are worth.
Q: What will the man probably do?
13. M: Could you give me a ride to the dean's office?
W: Don't you have anything else to wear other than that sweater?
Q: What does the woman imply?
14. M: I've just heard about your acceptance into the law school. Do you think that you'll be able to join your brother's firm when you graduate?
W: Not likely. He's a tax lawyer, and I'm going to major in criminal law.
Q: What does the woman imply?
15. M: After two weeks of tennis lessons, I think I've finally managed to improve my backhand.
W: Like my mum always says: "Practice makes perfect.'
Q: What does the woman mean?
PART B Intensive Listening: Birds
More than one-third of the world's birds migrate. Migration is an instinct caused by seasonal changes in weather and lack of food.
What causes the desire to migrate? Changes in the angle and amount of light rays may trigger migration. Low pressure areas in the fall trigger a southward migration. High pressure in the spring encourages movement to the north. A lack of food in the fall and winter may also send birds toward areas where food supplies are more readily available.
Birds migrate during the day or night. Some of the daytime migrators are larger birds such as geese while some are predators such as hawks. These birds navigate by sight. Songbirds are active at night and migrate in the safety of darkness. Their daylight hours are spent searching for food and resting for the next part of their trip.
The ability of birds to migrate great distances and return to the same general area year after year is a subject which has attracted people for centuries. Daytime migrators fly along broad air routes established by physical features such as major rivers, coastlines, mountains and lakes. The position of the stars and moon and the earth's magnetic field are used by nighttime migrators.
Birds encounter many hazards during their migration. Nighttime and the low-flying migrators risk flying into manmade objects such as tall buildings, power lines and towers, windows and aircraft. Songbirds may encounter hawk-like predators migrating at the same time. Environment destruction and pollution are also hazards for the migrators.
Storms during migration kill migrant birds. Hunting seasons are established to hunt abundant and desirable species such as ducks and geese during the fall migration. Even though birds are hunted, hunting is allowed within limits that a population of birds can endure.
I
1. Which of the following statements is NOT implied in the passage? :
2. Where would birds go when the pressure is high?
3. Which of the following birds would travel during night?
4. What is helpful to the nighttime migrators?
5. What hazard(s) might birds encounter when they migrate?
II.
1. It is caused by the change of seasons and lack of food.
2. They would search for food and rest for the next part of their trip.
3. The physical features such as major rivers, coastlines, mountains and lakes.
4. To nighttime and low-flying migrators.
5. Manmade objects, the environmental destruction and pollution; and the hunting of the birds.
Passage II: The Sound of Birds
The sound of birds can be divided into 3 types including singing, crying and voice imitating. Singing is normally a continuous multi-syllable melody uttered by the birds under the control of sex hormone. Some sorts of singing are quite melodious and pleasant. During the breeding cycle, the changing and pleasant cries uttered by male birds are typical singings. Singing is an important way for a bird to defend its territories, to pronounce it has occupied a place and to warn other birds not to enter the area. The songs uttered by birds in singing are more different and complicated than their common cries, which mainly happen in the breeding cycle in spring and summer. Cries are not controlled by sex hormone and can be uttered by both male and female birds. Usually cries of birds are short and simple. But the cries of birds can mean a lot. They are used to communicate with one another and to inform one another about dangerous information. The cries of birds can express calling, warning, surprising and threatening. Sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish crying and singing. Generally speaking, cries are not affected by the change of seasons and can be uttered by all birds. Crying is an important way for birds to communicate with one another. Voice imitating means a bird is imitating the crying or voice of other birds. The biological meaning of voice imitating is not clear even now and it is highly probable that it will take a long time for people to discover the mystery.
I.
1. According to the passage, what are the main types of the sound of birds?
2. Which of the following can NOT be used to describe the singing of birds?
3.In the passage, which is NOT mentioned about the function of the a bird's singing?
4. What is implied in the passage?
5.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
II.
l. ( F ) All sorts of singing are quite melodious and pleasant.
2. ( T ) By singing, birds can warn others not to enter their territories.
3. ( F ) Both the songs and cries of birds are controlled by sex hormone.
4. ( T ) Sometimes the singing and crying of birds are similar to each other.
5. ( F ) At present, we have fully understood the 3 types of the sound of birds.
Passage I:
Owl is the general name for over 130 types of birds from three families, and most of them are active at night. When the owl flies, its wings are noiseless just like those of a butterfly because the wing's surface is similar to velvet. The owl's feathers
are light and dark brown in color. The size of the female owl is larger than the male. An owl usually builds a nest in a building, a tree hole or an abandoned nest of other birds, and some even make their nests on the ground or in a cave. Owls mainly eat insects, birds, small mammals or fish and most of them live on mice. An owl has sharp ears and eyes, and its face can help reflect the sound to its ears during night travel so as to determine the direction of a hunting target. China has 26 out of the world's 132 owls. About 120 of them are typical owls with large prominent eyes and round tails. Owls' size varies from 13 to 15 centimeters to up to 70 centimeters or even larger. They live across the world except the South Pole, and most of them like to live in forest areas. Ancient Chinese literary works recorded the descriptions of owls. Owl's folk names as "night cat" and "cat's head eagle" derive from its habits and appearance. The Chinese government has listed the bird as one of the wildlife for the state second-class protection.
1.
1. How many types of owls are there in the world?
2. Where is an owl likely to build its nest?
3. What can help an owl reflect the sound to its ears during a travel at night?
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
5. What is implied in the passage?
II.
1）velvet 2）light and dark brown
3）sharp, large, prominent 4）round
5）insect birds 6）small mammals
7）fish 8）mice
9）night cat 10）cat's head eagle
PART C Extensive Listening: Tarzan
1) baby 2) replace 3) lost
4) be needs me 5) take 6) in danger.
7) dangerous 8) keep him 9) my son
2.
10) different 11) Close your mouth
12) family 13) two eyes 14) nose
15) That's all right 16) what you see
17) My heart 18) Your heart 19) the best
20) I bet you will
LESSON seven
Health
1. M: I thought the librarian said we could check out as many books as we need with our library card.
W: That's right, but not those reference books.
Q: What does the woman mean?
2. M: I'm really exhausted, but I don't want to miss the film that comes on at eleven.
W: If I were you, I would skip it. We both have to get up early tomorrow and anyway, I've heard it isn't that exciting. Q: What does the woman mean?
3.M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street and he said he hadn't heard from you for a month.
W: Yes, I know. But I've been too busy to phone him.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
4. M: Mary is in charge of the art and music section and Carol's the sports page. What about you?
W: I'm responsible for the editorials.
Q: Where does the woman work?
5. M: I don't know whether to ask Joe or Carol to draw the posters.
W: What difference does it make? They are both excellent artists.
Q: What does the woman imply about Joe and Carol?
6. M: I wish I didn't have to make a special trip to the post office to get my package.
W: Well, if you call them in the morning, they'll give the package to your mail carrier to bring out to you.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
7.M: Hey, George, I can't get to sleep with the light so near my bed. Can't you study someplace else?
M: Sorry, there's a party going on down in the lounge.
Q: What will George probably do?
8. M: Hey, that's a great sweater you're wearing. It looks really warm.
W: Yeah, but I wish I bought a coat like you did. It's really cold today.
Q: What does the woman imply?
9. M: Tom's house is a mess. Doesn't he ever clean it?
W: I guess he just has too much else on his mind with that new job of his.
Q: What does the woman imply about Tom?
10. M: You must be looking forward to your trip back to Colorado. It should be fun to hike up into those mountains again. W: Well, there may not be time for that. The thing is I haven't seen my sister and her kids for 3 years.
Q: What does the woman imply?
11. W: I forgot to tell you that Fred called last night to borrow your sleeping bag.
M: Oh, I saw him at the gym this morning, and he didn't say anything. So, he must have asked somebody else.
Q: What does the man imply?
12. M: Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the post office?
W: Your guess is as good as mine. I'm new around here.
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. W: You heard Professor Johnson before, right? How would you describe his lectures?
M: Well, let me put it this way. I would never stay awake in one of his classes without first drinking at least two cups of coffee.
Q: What does the man imply?
14. W: I've got two tickets to today's game. Do you want to come along?
M: It'll be on television. Besides, it's really too cold for me.
Q: What will the man probably do?
15. W: I need to go across town, but the traffic is so heavy at this time of the day.
M: When you take the subway, you don't have to deal with traffic. I never drive anymore.
Q: What does the man imply?
Passage I:
The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness. As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the country's most talented artists have been called on to transform older hospitals and to “soften the hard edges of modern buildings". Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.
All these owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970's. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and a wider audience should enjoy that art.
A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5,000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art! Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patient waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britain's first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that a team of six young art school graduates soon joined him.
The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.
1. What does the passage talk about?
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
3. What is Peter Senior?
4. How many visitors would a typical hospital waiting room have each week?
5. According to the passage, what would happen to patients if the environment in hospitals is improved?
1. ( ) Peter Senior set up his studio at a hospital in Manchester.
2. ( ) Peter Senior held his first painting exhibition in 1970's.
3. ( ) After the exhibition, Peter Senior became the teacher of 6 young art students.
4. ( ) The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs.
5. ( ) It is suggested in the passage that patients can recover without the help of medicine if they have a very good environment.
Passage II:
Tom: What can I do?
Doctor: You can start by taking your health more seriously than you have been. I am going to give you a diet plan, and I want you to stick to it. Your heart sounds healthy when I listen to it, but I suspect all that extra weight you are carrying around is putting a burden on it. The diet will help you to lose weight and help to relieve some of the burden. It's a high fiber, low-cholesterol, low-salt diet. You'll get all the protein and minerals you need with it.
Tom: It's hard to stick to a diet with my busy schedule.
Doctor: Your health is more important than your business. The next step will be exercise, I know it's hard to find the time, but you can at least start walking more. If your office is on the third floor, stop taking the elevator up and down; walk the three flights instead. Walk around the block after dinner. Find ways to increase your physical activity every day. Join a swimming club. Swimming a few times a week is the best exercise you can get.
Tom: I joined a health club last year, but I quit because I never had time to go there
Doctor: Find the time. It's important. And for heaven's sake, stop smoking! Now, it's medically proved that it can cause cancer and a host of other things.
Tom: OK, I'll try again, but I am not promising. It's a difficult habit to break. What about my run-down feeling? Can you give me something for that problem? There must be some drug I can take.
Doctor: I'd rather not give you any drugs, but temporarily, I will give you a prescription for something that will help you sleep. When your diet and exercise program start to improve your health, though, I am going to take you off the medicine. Do you understand?
Tom: Yes, thanks a lot, Doctor. I appreciate what you're saying and doing.
1.What can be inferred from the conversation?
2. How about the patient's heart?
3. What is NOT the doctor's advice?
4. What conclusion can be drawn from the conversation?
5. Which of the following is true according to the conversation?
1.It will help him to lose weight and to relieve some of the burden on the heart.
2.He should take some exercise.
3.Because he never had time to go there.
4.It can cause cancer and a host of other things.
5.When the diet and exercise program start to improve his health.
Passage I I I:
In Britain there is a National Health Service (NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance, and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in his local area, known as general practitioner or GP. This means that his name is on the GP's list, and he may make an appointment with the doctor. People do sometimes have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, he must first go to his GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital.
Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the National Health Service, it is also possible to have treatment done privately, for which one has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a long waiting list for their treatment. If they pay for the treatment, they will get it quickly.
Unlike Britain, the US does not have a national health care service, The government does help pay for some medical care for people who are on low incomes and for the old, but most people buy insurance to help pay for medical care. Some people cannot afford insurance but are not poor enough to get government help. The cost of medical insurance and the problems of those who can not afford it are an important political subject. When people are ill, they usually go first to a general practitioner or internist. Unlike in Britain, however, people sometimes go straight to a specialist, without seeing their general practitioner first. As in Britain, if a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, his general doctor will usually give him the name of one.
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
2. What is the possible disadvantage of the NHS in Britain?
3. Under the NHS in Britain, what should a patient do first if he wants to see a specialist?
4. What do you know about American health care services?
5. In America, what does a person usually do when he is ill?
l. ( ) In Britain people never need to pay for the medical treatment?
2. ( ) GPs are trained in general medicine.
3. ( ) In Britain, a patient can get a quick treatment from a specialist if be pays for it.
4. ( ) The American government shows no concern for medical care.
5. ( ) Like in Britain, the American general doctor can also give the name of a specialist to a patient.
PART C
1) 24th 2) 1817, 3) small country towns,
4) a great place,5) live,6)too hot,
7) destroying8)three,9) read and write,
10) politics,11) greatest,12) 31st,
l3) 1850,14) entertainment15) income,
16) well-off,17) sixth,18) beauty,
19) dozen,20) even though
LESSON 8
Youth
PART A
1. M: My chemistry project is in trouble. My partner and I have totally different ideas about how to proceed.
W: You should try to meet each other halfway.
Q: What does the woman suggest ?
2. M: What's the matter? You've been sitting there for ages just staring into space.
W: I told the Brownings I'd send them a postcard. Now I don't know what to say.
Q: What is the woman doing?
3, M: I've noticed that you get letters from Canada from time to time. Would you mind saving the stamps for me? My sister collects them.
W: My roommates already asked for them.
Q: What will the woman probably do?
4. M: Next, shouldn't we get a telephone installed in the hall?
W: Fixing the shower pipe is far more important.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
5. M: I hope I won't oversleep. I've simply got to catch the first flight to New York.
W: If I were you, I'd request a wake-up call from the hotel reception.
Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?
6. W: You know some TV channels have been rerunning a lot of comedies from the sixties. What do you think of those old shows?
M: So-so, but the new ones aren't so great either.
Q: What is the man’s opinion on the new TV comedies?
7. M: I heard that Park Electronics is going to be holding interviews on campus next week.
W: Yeah. What day? I'd like to talk to them and drop off my resume.
Q: What does the woman want to do?
8. M: I knew Laurie played the piano, but I didn't know she played the guitar.
W: Neither did I. It seems she just picked it up on her own over this summer.
Q: What does the woman mean?
9. M: It's so mild today, wanna go for a bike ride after your last class?
W: When is the latest we could start? My last class is a chem. lab and it often runs late.
Q: What is likely to happen to the woman?
10. W: Aren't you leaving tomorrow on vacation, all packed and ready to go?
M: Not quite. I still have to stop by the drugstore and get my allergy prescription refilled.
Q: What does the man have to do for the vacation?
11. W: The floor is awfully wet. What happened?
M: No sooner had I gotten into the shower than the phone rang.
Q: What was the man doing when the phone rang?
12. M: Mary, did you drop off the roll of film for developing?
W: No. I got Susan to do it.
Q: What happened to the roll of film?
13. M: Could you please tell me where to find running shoes?
W: Yeah. They are on the second floor in sporting goods.
Q: Where was this conversation probably taking place?
14. M: That leaky faucet is starting to get to me.
W: What should we do about it?
Q: What does the woman want to know?
15. M: Hello. I'd like two seats for the evening show.
W: Sorry, but the performance is already sold out. Would you be interested in something later this week?
Q: What does the woman imply?
PART B
Passage I: Youth in the US
Young people in the United States have a wide variety of interests apart from their school work. As children, both boys and girls play many of the same games. They swim, play baseball and basketball, go boating and camping, and have fun in many kinds of sports and outdoor activities.
Many youth organizations give young people a chance to develop and broaden their interests, and to gain experience in working with others. Among these groups are the Boy Scouts, which serves more than four million boys, the Girl Scouts, with nearly three million girls, and the Boys and Girls Clubs of America, with over one million participants. These and other groups are guided by adults who volunteer their services. Civic, cultural and religious groups also sponsor special programs for young people.
In farm areas, boys and girls learn to work together in agriculture, homemaking and citizenship activities. They compete for prizes in raising farm animals and growing crops.
Secondary schools offer students a wide variety of activities to develop talents and skills. There are clubs for photography, music, theater, art, stamp collecting, natural science and debating. Often schools have orchestras, bands and singing groups as well as a variety of competitive sports for both boys and girls.
Most schools and colleges have some form of student government with elections to choose class representatives. These elected officers speak for their fellow students at student council meeting with teachers and school officials. They also organize social activities and take part in such community projects as fund raising for charity.
Many young people hold part-time jobs after school hours. Thousands earn money by delivering newspapers or helping look after young children in private homes. Later, when they go to college, many youths continue to work part-time at a variety of jobs to help pay their expenses.
For several weeks during the summer vacation, about five million school-age children go to camps where they get plenty of recreational activities and learn various skills. There are more than 10,000 camps operated by private citizens and organizations. College students often work as counselors at these camps.
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as children's sports and outdoor activities?
2. Which of the following youth organizations has the biggest membership?
3. What activity is NOT conducted by boys and girls in farm areas?
4. How do secondary schools help students develop their talents and skills?
5. How do school-age child earn money according to the passage?
ii.
1. ( ) American boys play different games than girls.
2. ( ) Many youth organizations have been set up to help young people develop and broaden their interests.
3. ( ) Student representatives are elected to speak for their fellow students and organize social activities.
4. ( ) School-age children usually do not hold part-time jobs.
5. ( ) Millions of college students go to summer camps for recreational activities and to learn skills.
Passage II:
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of special training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an occupation should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, however, most people make several job choices during their working lives, partly because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their positions. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should therefore enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a field of work rather than for a single job.
Unfortunately many young people, knowing little about the job market or themselves for that matter, choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss basis. Some drift from job to job. Others stick to work which they neither like nor suit.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students -- or their parents -- choose the professional field, disregarding both the relatively small proportion of workers in the profession and the extremely high educational and personal requirements. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is not a good reason for choosing it as a life's work. Moreover, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious consideration to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take risks for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.
1. Why should one choose an occupation before choosing the curriculum in high school?
2. Why do some people change their jobs during their working lives?
3. What kind of people can choose their lifework well?
4. According to the author, what kind of jobs should most young people consider?
5. What's the main idea of the passage?
ii.
1. a broad flexible training program; a field of work; a single job.
2. drift from job to job; stick to work; neither like nor suit.
3. real or imagined; professional field; the relatively small proportion
4. social prestige; intellectual satisfaction; security; take risks for financial gain; demands; rewards.
PART D
1) influential; 2) independence; 3) measurement; 4) inspired; 5) achievement; 6) millionaires; 7) lifetime; 8) are willing to;
9) sympathy; 10) spiritual; 11) estates; 12) enduring; 13) positive; 14) freedom; 15) capacity; 16) blessing; 17)open;
18)self-discipline; 19)security; 20)benefit
LESSON 9
Foods
PART A
1. W: That famous violinist star "Professor" I was talking about is going to be the soloist in next week's concert.
M: Great! I don't want to miss it. Where can we get tickets?
Q: What will the speakers probably do?
2. W: I think I'll take my mother to that French restaurant on the Main Street for her birthday.
M: I hope it's not any time soon. They're usually booked up weeks in advance.
Q: What does the man mean?
3. M: You know, I have been watering my plants regularly, but they are still not doing well in my new dorm-room.
W: Maybe instead of keeping them in the corner, you should put them directly in front of the window.
Q: How can the plants do well according to the woman?
4. W: I've got a headache. Sick in bed, I've read most of those magazines twice.
M: Well, if it'll help, I'll run to the store and get you some new ones.
Q: What will the man probably do?
5. M: Is there a candy machine in the building?
W: Aha, it's down the hall on your left, but it has an "out-of-order" sign on it.
Q: What information can you get about the machine?
6. W: That's a pretty thick book. Are you sure Erica would want to plough through that?
M: Are you kidding? She will be through it in two days.
Q: What does the man imply about Erica?
7.M: Could I look at your bus-schedule? I don't want to drive to work tomorrow because it's snowing.
W: You'll be better off calling the terminal. It's been a long time since I've used my schedule, and I'm sure it's out of date. Q: Why does the woman suggest the man call the terminal?
8. M: Come on, Sue. I know you have a new camera, but you just took a picture of a car.
W: No, no. Look behind the car!
Q: What does the woman mean?
9. W: I'm going to Chicago on business. And somebody said you were the right person to talk to about what I can do there for fun,
M: You bet I am, I hope you've got at least a month,
Q: What can be inferred from the man’s words?
10. W: Hi, Henry. It's Bette from the apartment next door, I'm in school right now, And I realize I forgot my keys at home. Could you ask the building manager to put the extra set in my mailbox?
M: I don't think that's secure enough. I can just drop by your class later.
Q: What will the man probably do?
11.W: Professor Nelson, could you please turn up the temperature in here? I'm having trouble concentrating.
M: Yeah. I understand, but I don't control the thermostat. Tell you what. I'll ' talk to the janitor about it after class. In the meantime, I suggest you put on a sweater if you brought one.
Q: Which of the following choices is true according to the conversation?
12. W: I've just found out the creative writing class is full. Now I have to wait another whole year to get in.
M: Why don't you check back after the first week? Somebody might drop out.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
13. M: Do you have hot water in your dorm? We haven't had any for three days, and I hate cold showers.
W: Oh, sounds miserable. Since the gym's usually open, why don't you just go over there till they fix the problem?
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
14. W: With a cold that bad, I think it's pretty foolish not to see a doctor.
M: Don't worry. It'll pass in a few days.
Q: What does the man mean?
15. W: Professor, have you graded my term paper yet?
M: To tell you the truth, I've been tied up in committee meetings all week.
Q: What can be inferred about the paper?
PART B
Passage I: English Food
English food has a bad name abroad. This is most probably because foreigners in England often have to eat in more common restaurants, where it is necessary to prepare food rapidly in large quantities. Of course the food isn't very delicious, though quite nourishing. It is rather dull and not always attractively served. Moreover, the Englishman eating in a cheap or medium price restaurant is usually in a hurry-- at least at lunch and a meal eaten in a leisurely manner in pleasant surroundings is always far more enjoyable than a meal taken hurriedly in a business-like atmosphere. In general, it is possible to get an adequate meal at a reasonable price; in fact, such a meal may be less expensive than similar food abroad. For those with more money, there are expensive restaurants for them to spend money in.
In many countries breakfast is a snack rather than a meal, but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal. Some people have porridge to begin with. If porridge is prepared from coarse oatmeal, it is a tasty, cheap, and nourishing dish, especially when eaten with milk or cream, and sugar or salt. Then comes a substantial, usually cooked, course such as eggs, sausages and bacon. Afterwards comes toast, and perhaps some fruit. Tea or coffee is drunk with the meal. Many English people now have a full breakfast only on Sunday morning.
The traditional English meal is based on plain, simply-cooked food. British beef- steak is the best and is accompanied by roast potatoes.
English lamb chops, best when grilled, make a very tasty dish, particularly when eaten with fresh spring peas, and new potatoes. English pork is good, but English veal is sometimes disappointing.
As for fish, Dover soles are a good dish. So are British trout and salmon. Unfortunately, they are not cheap!
Apple pie is a favorite dessert, and many types of English puddings are an excellent ending to a meal, especially in winter.
1. Which is NOT true about the food served in “more common restaurants”?
2. Why does English food have a bad name abroad?
3. What is NOT true about traditional English breakfast?
4. Which of the following dishes is NOT so satisfactory sometimes?
5. What is an excellent ending to an English meal, especially in winter?
ii.
1.( ) A meal in a cheap or medium priced restaurant costs much more in Britain than similar food abroad
2.( ) In many countries other than Britain, breakfast is a snack rather than a meal.
3.( ) Traditional English breakfast often begins with porridge.
4.( ) Porridge prepared from coarse oatmeal is tasty and expensive.
5.( ) British trout and salmon are good and very cheap!
Passage II:
What is "American food"? At first you might think the answer is as easy as pie. To many people, American food means hamburgers, hot dogs, fried chicken and pizza. If you have a "sweet tooth", you might even think of apple pie or chocolate chip cookies. It's true that Americans do eat those things. But are those the only kind of foods you can find in America?
Except for Thanksgiving turkey, it's hard to find a typically "American" food. The United States is a land of immigrants. So Americans eat food from many different countries. When people moved to America, they brought their cooking styles
with them. That's why you can find almost every kind of ethnic food in America. In some cases, Americans have adopted foods from other countries as favorites. Americans love Italian pizza, Mexican tacos and Chinese egg rolls. But the American version doesn't taste quite like the original!
As with any large country, the US has several distinct regions. Each region boasts its own special type of food. Visit the South and enjoy country-style cooking. Journey through Louisiana for some spicy Cajun cuisine. Take a trip to New England and sample savory seafood dishes. Travel through the Midwest, "the breadbasket of the nation'', for delicious baked foods. Finish your food tour in the Pacific Northwest with some gourmet coffee.
Americans living at a fast pace often just "grab a quick bite". Fast food restaurants offer people on the run everything from fried chicken to fried rice. Microwave dinners and instant foods make cooking at home a snap. Of course, one of the most common quick American meals is a sandwich.
Americans on the go also tend to eat a lot of "junk food". Potato chips, candy bars, soft drinks and other goodies are popular treats. Many people eat too much of these unhealthy snacks. But others prefer more healthy eating habits. Some even go "all natural". They refuse to eat any food prepared with chemicals or additives.
American culture is a good illustration of the saying, "you are what you eat". Americans represent a wide range of backgrounds and ways of thinking. The variety of foods enjoyed in the US reflects the diversity of personal tastes. The food may be international or regional. Sometimes it's fast, and sometimes it's not so fast. It might be junk food, or maybe it's natural food. In any case, the style is all-American.
l. According to the passage, what does American food mean to many people?
2. What is a typically "American" food?
3. In discussing regional style of cooking, which of the following is NOT mentioned?
4. According to the passage, which of following is a kind of "junk food"?
5. According to the passage, why can a variety of food be found in American?
ii.
1.( ) It is very easy to give an answer to the question “What is American food”.
2.( ) People in the U.S. can enjoy foods from many different countries.
3.( ) Pizza made in the U.S. tastes exactly like that made in Italy.
4.( ) Americans eat fast food because they live at a fast pace.
5.( ) Some Americans refuse to eat any food prepared with chemicals or additives.
Part D
1) broadcast 2) last night 3) effect
4) 1980 5) actual 6) uncertain
7) looked like 8) state 9) networks
10) 7:52 11) competing 12) as possible 13) lead 14) unexpected 15) Suddenly 16) 80% 17) everybody else
18) reduced 19) some 20) later on.
Lesson Ten
Introducing Foreign Universities
Part A
1. M: Sue, would you like a sandwich or something?
W: Oh, please don't bother, I can get something later.
Q: Why doesn't the woman accept the man's offer?
2. W: This is Mrs. Thatcher. My heater is not getting any power and the weatherman says the temperature is going to be well below zero tonight. Could you get someone to come over and fix it?
M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I'11 speak to one of our men about going over sometime today.
Q: Who did Mrs. Thatcher want to come over?
Heater: An apparatus that heats or provides heat. 加热器，发热器，加热装置，暖气设备；炉子
Eg.A water heater: 热水器
Fix: mend，repair 修理，修补
go over : (对...进行)仔细检查
3. M: Did you notice that after almost ten years in the United States, Mr. Lee still speaks English with such a strong accent?
W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it's part of his identity.
Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Lee?
Identity:1）. who you are: 身份
2）．All the qualities, beliefs, and ideas which make you feel that you are different from everyone else or that you belong to a particular group.个性，特性
4. M: I thought this shirt was a great deal, but I washed it once and it's shrunk so much that I can't wear it.
W: Some bargain. You should ask for a refund.
Q: What does the woman mean?
Deal：A business transaction. [口]交易, 买卖
Shrink: become smaller in size, usually as a result of being washed.(使)缩水,收缩shrink, shrank, shrunk
Bargain：便宜货，廉价货
5. W: I want to play tennis tomorrow but I didn't bring my racket with me this weekend. Do you have one I could borrow? M: I do, but it has a broken string.