英语课文记忆法
先看一个简单的实例，再来探讨为什么图忆是有效的。先看《新概念英语》第二册第一课开始的两个句子Last week I went to the theatre.I had a very good seat.The play was ……（汉语意思是：上周我去了戏院。我有一个很好的座位。戏很……）。如果用图忆来表示，就是这样的：这幅图就是上面那两句英语的图忆表示。首先从图中左上角的实心圆点开始念。曲线从实心圆点出发后，遇到了时钟图符（就是椭圆中有两个指针的图符），表示这里有一个与时间有关的单词。对照那两个句子，得知这个单词是“last week”。然后，曲线又遇到人形图符（红色图符。中间粗重的一竖表示“I”），表示这里有一个与人有关的单词。对照句子，这个单词是“I”。继续沿曲线走，就会发现“go to”（用一双脚表示“去”）和“theatre”（用舞台来表示“戏院”）。于是，上述的这几个单词就组成了课文的第一个句子：Last week I went to the theatre。再往下，您已经明白了！当曲线遇到粗重的短横（或竖）线，表示课文结束。如果您想记住这个图像的话，可以把自己想象成图像中的那个人。
注意需要把图形中的go to变为正确的时态went to，而且theatre前的冠词“the”也被省略了。所以，在图中出现的单词，被称为课文的关键词。这幅图，就叫课文的“思维导图”。当熟悉这个图形后，即使不给出关键词，也能很快看图复述整篇课文。没有关键词的思维导图，称为“纯思维导图”。上面那幅思维导图对应的纯思维导图如下：
不少初学者一定有如下问题：
1、学习英语有必要背课文吗？
2、就算要背课文，有必要这样背诵课文吗？
3、图像占用的空间位置比纯粹的文字材料多，转换为图很麻烦，而且还需要背图形，简直是多此一举……
4、就算前面的问题不是问题，这样背有什么好处？
想知道这些问题的答案吗？想知道的话一定要看懂用图忆背诵课文的过程。这个过程如下图所示：
在用图忆背诵课文之前，必须认读单词、翻译课文和了解课文重点语法现象，然后熟读课文。
认读单词：是指认识并读准生词，并且知道该生词在课文中的意思，但并非要默写出单词。如果是联网学习，可以在这里查询单词：
翻译课文：新概念课本里面的每篇课文，课后都附有汉语翻译。可以对照翻译，准确理解课文含义。
了解课文重点语法现象：新概念的每篇课文，都会在课文中反复重复几个语法现象，仔细观察，一定能明白作者的意图。例如，第1课：A Private Conversation 私人谈话 反复重复的就是一般过去时，过去进行时。
熟读
课文：跟着磁带或MP3，纠正发音，反复朗读，直到熟练为止。
熟读之后，开始用图忆背诵课文。用图忆背课文，可分为四个步骤：识图、复述、忆图和背诵课文。
识图：在识图时，第一步是结合课文，从整体上把握该思维导图的布局，弄清图像的每个区域和课文段落之间的对应关系。然后，观察图像中的关键图符(曲线多次接触的图符，大多为关键图符)。最后才是跟着曲线移动视线，逐句逐词复现课文的全貌。特别需要强调的是，背诵者可以把自己想象成课文中的某个关键图符，即课文中的人或物。
复述：在识图之后即可开始复述课文。刚开始时，请用带有文字的思维导图，以便熟悉文字和图形的对应关系，尽快形成左右脑并用的态势。当这种对应关系较为熟悉后，再根据不带文字的纯思维导图复述。可以在纯思维导图上加一些自己认为需要的关键词，也可以修改图标或图形（例如，改变线条或图标的颜色），使其更符合自己的思维习惯。
忆图：经过识图和若干次复述后，思维导图的布局和路径的走向就比较清楚和熟悉了。此时，就可以忆图了。首先，要从整幅图中剥离出图像的框架（即图像的关键图符及其位置和大概关系），要在脑海中浮现这个框架并逐渐细化，要从整体上把握这个图像。要训练自己想像：没有曲线这个图会怎么样，只有关键图符这个图又怎么样，逐渐加入文字又怎么样。当您闭上眼睛，能够比较清晰地浮现出此图像时，忆图就完成了。注意：这就是在训练右脑了！对于复杂的课文，可以把图形分成几个局部的小图进行分析。此步事关长期记忆的成败，务必按章操作！
完全背诵：第四步是背诵课文。一边回想图像，一边口中念念有词地背诵，背不下来又看看图像。要注意图中文字的时态、语态和单复数等问题。图忆给出的，一般是动词原形和名词的单数（这是故意的）。当背得一字不差时，就大功告成了！
以上四个步骤往往是有重叠的、交叉的、反复的。短课文一般几个来回即可完全背诵。对特别长的课文，更需要遵从“总体把握，局部突破”的原则。当多次复述课文后，对思维导图较为熟悉后，记忆它应该是水到渠成的事。也可以把各个局部先背下来，然后贯通背诵。
经常复习。精细的复习就是按照思维导图对课文进行完全复述或背诵。粗略的复习就是回忆思维导图，回想图标的形状位置和曲线的走向。两者都不可偏废。
一般说来，经过数十幅思维导图的训练，右脑就开发出来了。那时候，学习者的想像力、抽象思维能力、对事物的全局控制能力将得到极大的提高。善于分析和
总结的学习者，将体会到创作思维导图的诀窍，从而自己可将图忆用于其它科目的学习。
要注意图忆是专为大规模记忆而开发的。用于背诵简单的、少量的文字材料反而给人一种复杂和麻烦的感觉。飞机制造出来肯定不是为了只飞行一百米的。现在，您只飞行了一百米。但只要体会到或认为它能“飞”就可以了。
第一课
A Private Conversation 私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre.I had a very good seat.The play was very interesting.I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly.I got very angry.I could not hear the actors.I turned round.I looked at the man and the woman angrily.They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. ‘I can't hear a word!’I said angrily.
‘It's none of your business,’the young man said rudely.
‘This is a private conversation!’
参考译文
上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！” “不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！
分析：此图有四个重点图标。中间红色图标表示“我”，“我”的右侧（后面）是蓝色大图标，表示“我”后面男人和女人。注意蓝色图标头部的两个字母“M”和“W”，表示Man和Woman。“我”的左侧（前面）为剧院和舞台。整个故事围绕这四个图标展开。一旦能够从整体上看待这幅图画，将形成强烈的直观印象，即使很久不复习，也能回忆起课文的大概内容，这就是右脑的威力！
以下为纯思维导图：
用图忆背课文，可分为四个步骤：识图、复述、忆图和背诵课文。
第二课
Not For Jazz 不适宜弹爵士乐
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
以下为纯思维导图：
第三课
One Man in a Boat 孤舟独钓
Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish,they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything not
even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. ‘You must give up fishing' my friends say.‘It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !
以下为纯思维导图：
第四课
Football or Polo? 足球还是水球？
The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children
kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat,but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children,but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.
以下为纯思维导图：
第五课
Food and Talk 食与言
Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation.
‘A new play is coming to“The Globe”soon,' I said.‘Will you be seeing it?’
‘No,’she answered.
‘Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?’I asked.
‘NO,’she answered.
‘Will you be staying in England?’I asked.
‘No,’she answered.
In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner.
‘Young man,’she answered,‘if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!’
注：本课属于对话型课文，故其思维导图较为复杂。
以下为纯思维导图：
第六课
Taken for a Ride 兜了一圈
I love traveling in the country, but I don't like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.
‘I'm going to Woodford Green,’I said to the conductor as I got on the bus,‘but I don't know where it is.'
‘I'll tell you where to get off,’answered the conductor.
I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I .was the only passenger left on the bus.
‘You'll have to get off here,’the condoctor said. ‘This is as far as we go.’
‘Is this Woodford green?’I asked. .
‘Oh dear,’said the conductor suddenly.‘I forgot to put you off’
‘It doesn't matter,’I said.‘I'll get off here.’
‘We are going back now,’said the conductor.
‘Well,in that case,I prefer to stay on the
bus,’I answered.
以下为纯思维导图：
第七课
The Future 卜算未来
At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money,she looked into a crystal ball and said : ‘A relation of yours is coming to see you.She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.’As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me.‘Where have you been hiding?’she asked impatiently.‘Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.’As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.
以下为纯思维导图：
第八课
Red for Danger 招惹危险的红色
During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however,seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time,however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.
以下为纯思维导图：
第九课
The Crystal Palace 水晶宫
Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer. Though in those days, traveling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train.There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the
world until it was burnt down in 1936.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十课
Whats for supper? 晚餐吃什么
Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain, but as the oceans have been overfished, fish has become more and more expensive. So it comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs. Oil rigs have to be repaired 5 frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work. Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters. The fish are not sharksor killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as 10 much as twelve feet in length. Three factors
have caused these fish to grow so large: the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs. As a result, the fish just eat and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water. Who eats who?
以下为纯思维导图：
第十一课
The Dead Return 亡灵归来
A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion,for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long Journey,food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way. All night long, people dance and sing. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before are placed into the water when the festival is over. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十二课
A Puma at Large 一只逃遁的山狮
Pumas are large, cat like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately run away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, fo
r the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of ‘cat like noises’at night and a business man on a fish trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country. this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
纯思维导图：
第十三课
The Loss of the‘Titanic’泰坦尼克号的沉没
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th,1912. She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen water tight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for shewent down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look out. After the alarm. had been given, the great ship sharply turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen water tight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough life boats for everybody, 1500 lives were lost.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十四课
Pioneer Pilots 飞行员的先驱
In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of &1000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel. Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning,Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the 'Antoinette IV'. He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea. The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.
Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrive
d near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'. Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model. A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty six miles. Latham, however did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new 'Antonette'. It looks as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough. After making a short test flight at 4.15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later. His great flight lasted thirty seven minutes. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman. Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again. His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十五课
The Death of a Ghost 鬼魂之死
For years villagers believed that Endley farm was haunted. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bert Cox. They employed a few farm hands, but no one was willing to work there long. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story. Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find the work had been done overnight. Hay had been cut and cow sheds had been cleaned. A farm worker,who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. In time, it became an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.
NO one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen. This was indeed the case. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was
supposed to have died as a young man. After the funeral, Joe and Bert revealed a secret which they had kept for over forty years.
Eric had been the eldest son of the family. He had been obliged to join the army during the first World War. As he hated army life he decided to desert his regiment. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his farther hid him until the end of the war. Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well. His father told everybody that Eric
had been killed in action. The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bert. They did not even tell their wives. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse.He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十六课
Who's Who 谁是谁？
It has never been explained why
university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the firebrigade to put out a non-existent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in, Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were
tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a call-box. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
第十七课
New Year Resolutions 新年的决心
The New Year is a time for resolutions.Mentally, at least, most of us could compile formidable lists of ' do's' and' don'ts '.The same old favourites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity. We resolve to get up earlier each morning,eat less, find more time to play with the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house, be nice to people we don't like, drive carefully, and take the dog for a walk every day. Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments are beyond attainment. If we remain inveterate smokers, it is only because we have so often experienced the frustration that results from failure. Most of us fail in our efforts at self improvement because our schemes are too ambitious and we never have time to carry them out. We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish whe
n we slip back into our bad old ways. Aware of these pitfalls, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions to myself. I limited myself to two modest ambitions: to do physical exercises every morning and to read more of an evening. An all night party on New Year's Eve,provided me with a good excuse for not carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year,but on the second, I applied myself assiduously to the task.
The daily exercises lasted only eleven minutes and I proposed to do them early in the morning before anyone had got up. The selfdiscipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier than usual was considerable. Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two days before anyone found me out. After jumping about on the carpet and twisting the human frame into uncomfortable positions, I sat down at the breakfast table in an exhausted condition. It was this that betrayed me. The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance. That was really unsettling but I fended off the taunts and jibes of the family good humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea. However, my enthusiasm waned. The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished. Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero. By January 10th, I was back to where I had started from. I argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning I would keep my mind fresh for reading when I got home from work. Resisting the hypnotizing effect of television, I sat in my room for a few evenings with my eyes glued to a book, one night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen. I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled 'How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute'. Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!
以下为纯思维导图：
第十八课
Too early and too late 太早和太晚
Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society.
Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be
in a state of chaos. Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of
unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has
everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore
forgiven if late for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for
unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for
energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to
finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tyres, diversions of traffic,
sudden descent of fog,
they will be on time. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than
those who are never late. The over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest
nuisance. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit. The only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guests. Then they
arrived just when we wanted them.
If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than
even a fraction of a minute too late. Although being early may mean wasting a
tittle time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an
hour or more for the next one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it. An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you. Such an experience befell a
certain young girl the first time she was travelling alone.
She entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her
parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and
cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet
her. She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror
he said that she was two hours too soon. She felt in her handbag for the piece
of paper on which her father had written down all the details of the journey and gave it to the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not
passengers. The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father
could not have made such a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrived
back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic ‘o’ beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little ‘o’ indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment the train came into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant:
rules could not be broken. And she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.
以下为纯思维导图：
第十九课
The Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called‘Olympic City’. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finis
hed work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.