2014年6月学位课真题（A卷）
PAPER ONE
PARTA I LISTENTING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)
Section A ( 1 point each)
Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by making the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on our machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
1. A. He feels quite satisfied with Jenny.
B He would rather continue his work.
C. He suggests stopping today?s work.
D He thinks Jenny lazy and inefficient.
2. A The trip was boring
B The trip was exciting
C He was homesick
D He felt quite lonely.
3. A. He is running out of gas.
B He feels very hungry.
C There is something wrong with his car.
D He doesn?t feel well himself.
4. A. She never listens to any doctor.
B. She doesn?t eat candy anymore.
C She often gives candy to the doctor.
D She is still eating candy.
5. A He is going to win the match
B He is going to give up.
C He is going to take chance.
D He is going to beat his rival first.
6. A. He is going to a long shift.
B He has lost a match.
C He hates to go to clubs.
D He is exhausted.
7. A Playing chess is not as easy as the man thinks.
B Chess is not a very difficult game to play.
C It is easier to play chess after some practice.
D She thinks the man is boasting.
8. A Tiffany got angry for no reason.
B Tiffany went to work in blue.
C He?s got mad at Tiffany.
D He didn?t know Tiffany had left.
9. A To find a better job.
B To stop working too hard.
C To learn more about his job.
D To accept a new job offer.
Section B ( 1 point each)
Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Mini-talk One
10. A. about 100,000
B. About 10,000
C. About 50,000.
D About 500,000
11. A. Unsanitary conditions and poor management.
B. Malpractices of professions.
C Improper use of equipment.
D Careless treatment and tending
12. A. Tell someone immediately.
B. Say nothing about it to doctors.
C Clean it up himself or herself.
D Tell the consumer groups.
Mini-talk Two
13. A House cleaning for older people.
B. Food and shelter for older people.
C Extra assistance to older people.
D Companions for older people.
14. A Rides to supermarkets.
B Taking care of sick ones.
C Bathing services
D Transportation to doctors.
15. A Daily care. B. Computer support C Removing snow D General yard work
Section C (1 point each)
Directions:In this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.
16. A scientist began calling storms by women?s names by the end of ______(three words).
17. The experts name storms when they reach wind speeds of ____(two words) an hour.
18. The same list of names is not used again for ____six years( three words)
19. A name _____(two words) when the storm with this
name has been very destructive.
20. Katrina ___(two words) for more than 1800 deaths along the Gulf of Mexico.
Part II VOCABULARY (10minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.
21. My daughter managed to finish college with distinction and went on to graduate school.
A. difference B separation C domination D honor
22. The English abstract of your thesis leaves much to be desired , so you have to rewrite it.
A is near completion
B is far from perfect
C is among the best
D is of little worth
23. These kids, inexperienced but curious, finally made a kite that was too delicate to fly.
A. subtle B exquisite C fragile D delicious
24. The driver of this old car had few options short of replacing the motor.
A lacking in
B other than
C aside from
D provided that
25. A collage education is more likely to give you the chance to live fulfilling lives.
A deteriorating
B forbidding
C demanding
D rewarding
26. You can?t help admiring the weightlifters when they lift the heavy weight with all their might.
A strength
B likelihood
C wisdom
D vigor
27. This accomplished movie director had to pay a fine of over one million dollars for violation of the one-child policy.
A finished
B notorious
C successful
D convicted
28. If you own stock, you must allow for the possibility that it will lose value sometimes.
A throw doubt to
B take into account
C go ahead with
D go in for
29. The divorce rate among the post-80s in China is exceedingly high for various reasons.
A temporarily
B extremely
C allegedly
D perpetually
30. Those infected with the virus of hepatitis B enjoy equal rights under the provisions of the law.
A according to
B above all
C less than
D regardless of
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions:There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.
31. All the teachers you have had in your lifetime ____ several categories.
A fall behind
B fall out
C fall through
D fall into
32. On that January day in a small town, my life changed ____ and I became a high school teacher.
A course
B way
C road
D line
33. The ferry service will initially run on ____ days, increasing eventually to daily sailings.
A considerate
B alternate
C elaborate
D subordinate
34. A respectable official will never ____ his principles in face of various pressure.
A comprehend
B complicate
C comprise
D compromise
35. incompetent leadership and bureaucracy can suppress creativity and ___.
A initial
B initiation
C initiative
D initiator
36. As the elevator is _____, you have to walk upstairs to my office.
A out of stock
B out of order
C out of mind
D out of place.
37. This terrible road accident ____ the driver disabled the rest of the life.
A kept
B remained
C preserved
D left.
38. This girl spent little time on experiments, yet she ____ completed her thesis as scheduled.
A somehow
B however
C additionally
D hardly.
39. At any ICU in a hospital, there are a few patients who are ____ ill and look hopeless.
A ultimately
B terminally
C drastically
D punctually
40. College students in China are ____ to grammatical errors when they use English.
A prone
B conducive
C rigorous
D casual.
Part III CLOZE TEST ( 10 minutes, 1 point each) Directions:There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one
suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C and D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
The word “smog”has become a household word in urban China. Smog is an __41__ of greenhouse gases and pollutants that reduce visibility and harm respiratory functions. Smog is typically __42__ cities with high concentrations of cars and factories. The population density, amount of industry an d the fuels used __43__ together to have an impact on smog levels. During summer, smog is worse __44___ the production of ozone, the main component of smog, increases in strong sunlight. The important thing to understand about smog is that this kind of pollution is spread out __45 ___ large distances. Walking, biking or using public transportation can help limit ozone production. __46__, decreasing household electricity use and keeping your vehicles fuel-efficient reduces __47__ greenhouse gases. Checking tire pressure, oil levels, air filters, and getting regular maintenance help __48__ fuel efficiency. Be sure to use only the fuel recommended in the vehicle?s user __49___. Simple steps like avoiding stop-and-go traffic and reducing vehicle workload decrease smog-related emissions. To lighten the workload, avoid running the air-conditioner, __50__ the engine and carrying heavy objects in the vehicle.
41. A arbitration B accumulation C optimization D evaluation
42. A accompanied by B obliged to C immersed in D associated with
43. A work B get C play
D put
44. A so B because C before D until
45. A between B beneath C within D over
46. A In addition B After all C By contrast D At first
47. A ozone-produced B ozone-production C
ozone-producing D ozone-producer
48. A constrain B refrain C restrain D maintain
49. A illustration B roadmap C manual D prescription
50. A idling B burning C emptying D exhibiting Part IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)
Directions:In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Marriage was one of the first non-biological factors identified as improving life expectancy. The explanation given was that married people tend to take fewer risks with their health and enjoy better mental and emotional health. Marriage also provides more social and material support.
The difference between married people and single people, in terms of health, is narrowing. To really understand this, we have to be precise about terms. Researchers typically distinguish between never married, currently married, widowed and divorced. As we look in-depth into this issue of marriage and health, we?ll see that things get pretty fuzzy nowadays.
No one is saying that having a piece of paper that says “married” on it is going to improve your life expectancy. There is something about people who live in marriage that improves life expectancy---- or to be more precise, there was something about people who lived in marriage in the 70s that was found to improve life expectancy. Now, people could be listed as “single never married” in census data, but be living with someone and be experiencing all the health benefits of marriage without having the marriage certificate. This complicates research on marriage and health.
Even using the traditional categories of “currently married” or “never married,” single are catching up, but only men. Men who were never married typically had the lowest life expectancy (in 1972). Now, the never married men are closing in on their currently married counterparts. The difference in life expectancy is becoming smaller because their wife took care of them. In other words, in the 1970s, married men had the advantage because they had their wives to make sure they went to the doctor and took care of themselves. Now, men are taking more responsibility for their own health and take action. Compared to 1972, people who are widowed now report poorer health than their married counterpart. In the 70s, they reported their health as the same as married people, now their health is about 7% worse. No one really
knows why widowhood is more damaging to health now than in the 70s. my guess is that widowed people in the 70s had more of a community and extended family to help them out. Now, the widowed are more likely to be isolated.
51. Paragraph 1 is concerned with ____
A the benefit of marriage to health.
B various definition of marriage
C the disadvantages of marriage
D misconception about marriage.
52. The underlined word “fuzzy” in Paragraph 2 probably means_____
A explicit
B indistinct
C worse
D ridiculous
53. Paragraph 3 implies that ____
A whoever lives in marriage can live to an old age.
B partnership can also contribute to life expectancy
C we know clearly how marriage contributes to health.
D a marriage certificate is a guarantee of good health.
54. It can be concluded from Paragraph 4 that ____
A single females are as healthy as single males.
B there are as many single men as married ones
C single males are financially better off than before.
D single men can also enjoy long life expectancy
55. For the widowed, the finding described in the last paragraph seems to be ____
A bad news
B good news
C a pleasant surprise
D practical advice
56. The central idea of this passage is that _____
A remaining single is of greater benefit to life expectancy than marriage.
B marriage doesn?t contribute as much to life expectancy as it used to.
C the longer you stay married, the longer your life expectancy
D it is increasingly difficult to give a precise definition of marriage.
Passage Two
For decades, American society has been moving toward a complete ban on smoking tobacco. Since about the mid-20th century, when scientific studies revealing the drug?s devastating effects on the human body were made public, public policy and social attitudes have shifted more and more against tobacco. This is something to my taste.
But in executing its well-intentioned ban on consuming tobacco products on University of California campuses, the university administrations? probation of e-cigarettes is a step too far. These means of taking in tobacco can help get smokers off conventional cigarettes, and there?s no conclusive proof that there are negative effects for bystanders. Simply put, e-cigarettes shouldn?t affect people who haven?t made the decision to put themselves at risk.
It?s also a point of contention as to how harmful e-cigarettes even are to oneself. Boston University professor Michael Siegel, who advocates banning cigarettes, doesn?t believe we should restrict e-cigarettes the same way we do “conventional” cigarettes, according to the East Bay Express. Furthermore according to a study published in the esteemed British medical journal the Lancet, e-cigarettes were “modestly effective”at reducing smokers?dependency on tobacco--- much like the commercially available nicotine patches.
It doesn?t seem there are obvious negative externalities to the use of e-cigarettes. If that?s the case, then what?s the basis of the ban? Tobacco Free Berkeley project manager Steve Maranzana illustrated one justification when he told the East Bay Express that the university wants “to steer people towards quitting resources that have been proved to be effective and FDA-approved.”
In the context of a “better safe than sorry” approach, the universit y?s decision to include prohibition e-cigarettes in its tobacco ban makes sense, so does the idea that the university wants people to use federally sanctioned “quitting resources.”But just because the university wants to play it safe or tell people to use one kind of quitting about product, that doesn?t mean it has that authority.
Banning e-cigarettes is an excessive intrusion on the judgment and lifestyle of members of the UC community. Individuals should have the ability to reason for themselves if e-cigarettes are the right choice for them, and they should be the ones to determine whether they want to use UC-recommended or FDA-approved methods.
And if people decide to use e-cigarettes while not creating a problem for anyone else, why should the university get to take away that option?
57. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that the author ____
A has been smoking cigarettes for many years.
B objects to a complete ban on smoking tobacco.
C is in favor of banning cigarette smoking.
D often wonders if cigarette smoking is harmful.
58. The author believes that prohibition of e-cigarettes by
University of California ____
A seems well-grounded and innovative
B is illegal and consequently ineffective
C can effectively help quit smoking.
D does not have a solid or sound basis.
59. Paragraph 4 implies that
A FDA has approved the use of e-cigarettes in quitting smoking.
B e-cigarettes have proved to be effective for quitting smoking.
C Steve Maranzana does not welcome the use of e-cigarettes.
D University of Berkeley has done nothing to ban smoking.
60. The …better safe than sorry?approach suggests that University of California _____
A has been authorized to prohibit e-cigarettes.
B has doubts about the safety of e-cigarettes
C will regret its decision to prohibit e-cigarettes.
D boycotts federally approved quitting products.
61. The author is convinced that individuals ___
A have to obey school regulations on cigarette smoking.
B should shift from e-cigarettes to tobacco smoking.
C can question the effect of FDA-approved methods
D can decide for themselves whether to use e-cigarettes
62. This passage is intended to argue that ____
A the ban on e-cigarettes should be lifted.
B cigarette smoking should be banned completely.
C e-cigarettes should be approved by the FDA.
D e-cigarettes will replace tobacco cigarettes.
Passage Three
Research said to prove that greenhouse gases cause climate change has been condemned as a sham by scientists.
A UN report earlier this year said humans are to blame for global warming and there is “little doubt” it is linked to man?s use of fossil fuels. But other climate experts say there is little scientific evidence to support the theory. In fact global warming could be caused by increased solar activity.
Their argument will be outlined in a TV program called The Great Global Warming Swindle raising major questions about some of the evidence used for global warming.
Ice core samples from Antarctica have been used as proof of how warming over the centuries has been accompanied by raised CO2 levels. But Professor Ian Clark at the University of Ottawa claims that warmer periods of the Earth?s history came around 800 years before rises in carbon dioxide levels.
The program also highlights how there was a huge surge in carbon dioxide emissions, yet global temperatures fell for four decades after 1940.
The UN report, published in February, was promoted as being backed by more than 2,000 of the world?s leading scientists. But Professor Paul Reiter said it was a “sham”given that this list included names of scientists who disagreed with its findings. He also said his name was removed from an assessment only when he threatened legal action against the panel.
“That is how they make it seem that all the top scientists are agree,” he said. “It?s not true.” Gary Calder, a former editor of New Scientis t, claims clouds and solar activity are the real reason behind climate change. “The government?s chief scientific adviser Sir David King is supposed to be the representative of all that is good in British science, so it is disturbing that he and the government are ignoring a multitude of evidence against the greenhouse effect being the main driver against climate change,” he said.
Philip Stott, a professor of biogeography, argues climate change is too complicated to be caused by just one factor, whether CO2 or clouds. He said: “The system is too complex to say exactly what the effect of reducing or increasing CO2 production would be.”“It is ridiculous to see politicians arguing over whether they will allow the global temperature to rise by 2c or 3c.”
The documentary is likely to spark fierce criticism from the scientific establishment.
63. A UN report on climate change is criticized for the following reasons EXCEPT ____
A lack of convincing evidence for its theory.
B linking global warming to use of fossil fuels.
C including names of scientists who disagreed.
D refusal to use ice core samples from Antarctica.
64. Which of the following statements is accepted by The Great Global Warming Swindle?
A Slow global warming ahs coincided with increased levels of CO2.
B Colder temperatures followed a surge in emissions of greenhouse gases.
C Global warming has nothing to do with increased CO2 levels at all.
D Criticism from the scientific establishment is reasonable and acceptable.
65. As far as climate change is concerned, Gary Calder ____
A is sure that all the top scientists agree with the UN
B agrees with Sir David King on causes of climate change.
C doesn?t think of Sir David King as a respectable scientists .
D believes that solar activity is not the cause of climate change.
66. As mentioned in Paragraph 8, Philip Stott believes that ____
A global temperature should not be allowed to rise.
B CO2 production has significant impact on climates.
C climate change is probably caused by multiple factors.
D effects of increased production of CO2 are easily predictable.
67. The word “sham”used in this passage probably means ____
A truth
B fallacy
C discovery
D conclusion
68. Which of the following could be a proper title of this passage?
A Greenhouse Effect Is a Myth, Say Scientists.
B Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases Urgent
C Causes of Climate Change Little Known
D Optimism vs Pessimism in Theories of Global Warming
Passage Four
The New York Times and the Guardian are calling for President Barack Obama to take mercy on former NSA employee Edward Snowden.
President Barack Obama?s recent speech on changes to the way the National Security Agency spies on people inspired many questions. It also helped to renew the debate over Edward Snowden, the former NSA contractor behind the leaks. Is he a good guy or a bad buy?
Of course, nothing is so simple, but Snowden?s actions have definitely divided people. According to recent polls, most Americans consider Snowden to be more of a whistle-blower than a traitor. However, the same polls indicate more Americans believe Snowden?s actions were mostly bad for the United States.
Snowden first leaked the NSA documents in June 2013, including information on American spying on enemies and on American citizens, which raised the fury of civil rights advocates. Other documents focused on how the U.S. spied on its allies, like German Chancellor Angela Merkel. That led Merkel to reportedly demand clarification from Obama about the reports that her phone had been tapped.
And the leaks have kept on coming out. On Friday, while outlining how he plans to reform the NSA, Obama mentioned Snowden by name. “Given the fact of an open investigation, I?m not going to dwell on Mr. Snowden?s actions or his motivations,” Obama said. “I will say that our nation?s defense depends in part on the loyalty of those entrusted with our nation?s secrets.”
Later, Obama said, “We know that the intelligence services of other countries--- including some who pretend to be surprised about the Snowden disclosures----are constantly probing our government and private-sector networks and accelerating programs to listen to our conversations and invade our emails and compromise our systems.”
The Times wrote, “When someone reveals that government officials have routinely and deliberately broken the law, that person should not face life in prison at the hands of the same government.”The Guardian described Snowden?s actions as “some act of moral courage.”
Nothing in Obama?s speech indicated that his administration is considering these suggestions.
A blog from the Washington Post?s Max Fisher offers an interesting theory on why people remain divided about Snowden. As Fisher puts it, “Many Americans see him as either a hero or a wicked person but rarely as something in between.”
69. It can be concluded from this passage that Americans ____
A are of divided opinion about Snowden.
B mostly regard Snowden as a traitor now.
C support Snowden? action against the country.
D don?t care about what Snowden has done.
70. The underlined word …whistle-blower? in Paragraph 3 probably means ____
A a judge at the Supreme Court of the U.S.
B a criminal that has turned against the country.
C a discloser of wrongdoing to the public.
D a person who keeps a nation?s secrets.
71. According to Paragraph 4, NSA did all the following except ____
A collecting intelligence on enemy countries.
B obtaining secret information on American citizens.
C listening to Angela Merkel?s phone in secret.
D giving clarification about information collection.
72. In Paragraph 6, Obama made these remarks to ____
A justify the spying activities of American agencies.
B disclose the real motivations of Snowden?s action.
C make an official apology to other countries.
D demand an investigation into Snowden?s case.
73. As mentioned in Paragraph 7, both the New York Times and the Guardia n ___
A condemned Snowden as a traitor.
B wished Snowden to be imprisoned
C expressed sympathy for Snowden.
D believed Snowden had broken the law.
74. Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?
A President Obama is considering taking mercy on Snowden.
B The debate continues as to whether Snowden is a traitor or a hero.
C Most Americans agree that Snowden is a really good guy.
D Americans regard Snowden as both heroic and evil.
Passage Five
Last week, Education Secretary Arne Duncan declared a war on paper textbooks. “Over the next few years,” he said, “textbooks should be out of use.”In their place would come a variety of digital-learning technologies, like e-readers and multimedia Websites.
Such technologies certainly have their place. But Duncan is threatening to light a fire to a tried-and-true technology---good old paper--- that has been the foundation for one of the great educational systems on the planet. And while e-readers and multimedia may seem appealing, the idea of replacing this learning platform with a widely promoted but still unproved one is extremely dangerous.
A renowned expert on reading, Maryanne Wolf, has recently begun studying the effects of digital reading on learning, and so far the results are mixed. She worries that Internet reading, in particular, could be such a source of distractions for the student that they may cancel out most other potential benefits of a Web-linked, e-learning environment. And while the high-tech industry has sponsored substantial amounts of research on the potential benefits of Web-based learning, not enough time has passed for successive studies to demonstrate the full effects.
In addition, digital-reading advocates claim that lightweight e-books benefit students?backs and save schools money. But the rolling backpack seems to have solved the weight problem, and the astounding costs to equip every student with an e-reader, provide technical support and pay for regular software updates promise to make the e-textbook a very expensive option.
My point is that we shouldn?t jump at a new technology simply because it has advantages; only time and study will reveal its disadvantages and show the value of what we?ve left behind. Which brings us back to paper. With strength and durability that could last thousands of years, paper can preserve information without the troubles we find when our most cherished knowledge is stuck on an unreadable floppy disk or lost deep in the “cloud”. Paper textbooks can be stored and easily referenced on a shelf. They are easy to read and don?t require a battery or plug. Though the iPad and e-readers have increasingly better screen clarity, the idea that every time a person reads a book, newspaper or magazine in the near future they will require an energy source is frightening.
The digitization of information offers important benefits, but before we tear into pieces the last of the paper textbooks, let us pause and think more about it. 75. In Paragraph 2, the author argues that paper textbooks ____
A are already out of fashion.
B remain irreplaceable now.
C are to be destroyed quickly.
D are inferior to e-textbooks.
76. According to Maryanne Wolf, e-reading ___
A is suitable for students
B is not worthy of study.
C has some adverse effects.
D is of multiple benefits.
77. What is the problem that e-textbooks fail to solve?
A The weight of traditional schoolbags.
B Students? disinterest in reading.
C The need to update the contents regularly.
D The cost for schools to maintain them.
78. Paragraph 5 is primarily concerned with ____
A advantages of paper textbooks
B the future of paper textbooks
C the accessibility of e-books.
D ways to improve e-books.
79. What does the author think of replacing paper books with e-readers?
A It is the result of technological progress.
B We should be cautious about doing that.
C It is unrealistic at least for the time being.
D We are sure to benefit from the change.
80. What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A No more textbooks
B Here comes e-reading
C Textbooks or e-textbooks
D The truth about e-reading
PAPER TWO
PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points) Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions:Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.
Scientific research is intended to produce accurate explanations of how the natural world works and how it has become what it is now. however, increasingly, scientific research is undertaken with the explicit goal of accumulating knowledge. The knowledge built on science is always open to question and revision. No scientific idea is ever “once-and-for-all”proved. Ideas that we fully accept today may be rejected or modified in light of new evidence discovered tomorrow. Scientific explanations continually generate expectations that compel us to figure out how entities in the natural world interact and how we can harness that knowledge, providing scientists with incentives to conduce original research to verify the validity of a hypothesis.
Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions:Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space of Answer Sheet.
泛读对于掌握英语至关重要，但泛读的重要性始终没得到重视。与大学开设的精读课不同，泛读旨在扩大词汇量、使学生熟悉词的不同用法并最终提高理解能力。泛读也涉及一些方法，这些方法有助于增强你工作中使用英语的准确定和效率。不要相信语法书，要相信你读的东西。
Part VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the tit le of “Major Disadvantages of Automobiles”. You are advised to avoid using any stereotyped expressions or sentences, such as “last but not the least”.