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考研英语历年真题熟词僻义词汇总结

考研英语历年真题熟词僻义词汇总结
考研英语历年真题熟词僻义词汇总结

考研英语历年真题熟词僻义词汇总结

如果说核心词汇是重点的话,那么熟词僻义,即常见词的非常见意义就是难点。不少同学对于熟词僻义的掌握较差,一个重要原因是不能理解各个词义之间的关系,如本义与引申义之间的关系。一般而言,本义是词的常见义,引申义是词的非常见义。例如,embrace的本义是“拥抱”(=em进入+brace手臂),引申义是“包括,接受”。由“拥抱”的动作可以联想“包括”之义,因为“拥抱”就是将对方“包括”在手臂之内。由“拥抱”的象征意义也可以联想“接受”之义,因为“拥抱”对方,除少数情况外(如被迫与人拥抱),都表示“接受”对方。请看下列例子以巩固对embrace的常见义与非常见义的理解:

1.The two embraced, holding each other tightly.(拥抱)

2.His career embraced many activities——composing, playing and acting.(包括)

3.Much of the population embraced the scientific idea.(接受)

2007考研英语阅读部分的第二篇文章考到embrace的一个近义词,encompass(包括)。知道为何encompass这个词的意思是“包括”吗?encompass=en(进入)+compass(罗盘),意思是(如罗盘般)“包括”。

discipline(纪律;学科)这个词的非常见义也可以通过上述方法联想记忆。“纪律”是discipline的常见义,是不可数名词:“学科”是discipline的非常见义,是可数名词。可以这样联想:现代学科的掌握都需要严格的训练,严格的训练不是正包含“纪律”吗?如论文的格式、引用他人观点的方法等都属于学术训练的“纪律”一类。

这里的熟词僻义是按年总结的,不按字母顺序。有时间一定要过两遍,以增强对常见词的一词多义的掌握,也增强阅读与英译汉两部分的应对能力。

今天的结束语是:Familiarity breeds contempt(熟生蔑;亲近生轻侮)。不过,对于常见词可不要“熟生蔑”,否则吃大亏!

熟词僻义(1994-2000)

embrace包括;接受,信奉;拥抱

preferred有优先权的

exceptional特殊的;例外的

prejudice损害;偏见

dormant暂停活动的;潜在的;睡着的

serve有作用

act法案;(戏剧的)一幕

govern适用于,管理

term条款,术语;学期

personality人物,名人;个性,人格

fine细微的

secure获得,得到;a.安全的

rather恰恰相反;相当

knowledge知道;知识

aggressive有进取心的,大胆的;侵犯的

reasoning推理

interpret解释,口译

assume假设,承担,采用

mental心理的,精神的,智力的

account描述;叙述

coverage新闻报道,覆盖

launch发起,开展,发射

grant授予,同意,准予

line思路

engage雇用,使参与

dictate命令,口授,听写

render使得;给予;翻译

discipline训练,学科;纪律

acute敏锐的;(病)急性的

fair集市,交易会,博览会

virtually几乎,实际上

authority当局

import意义,重要性,含义;进口,输入implication含义,暗示

passage通过;段落

otherwise在其他方面,否则

diversion消遣,转移

harsh严酷的,严厉的;难听的

frontier前沿,新领域;边境

settlement定居地,解决

convention习俗;大会,会议;公约

abuse滥用;虐待;谩骂

perceptual感知的,知觉的

perception感知,察觉;理解

radically根本地,极端地,激进地

group分组,分类

late已故的;迟的,晚的

close完成

ground理由,根据

latitude (言语、行动等的)回旋余地,自由;纬度conduct指挥,管理;行为

favorable有利的,顺利的,赞许的

bid企图,努力

contention争夺,竞争;争吵;争辩,论点

establish确定;建立,确立

conclusive有说服力的,确定性的;决定性的

fashion方式;流行式样

blunt直率的;钝的

trial审判;试验

dramatize使引人注目,使戏剧化,生动地表达

plague令人烦恼的事;瘟疫,灾害

discern区别,识别;理解

span横跨,跨越;持续,包括;n.一段时间;跨度

population (某地或某类)物品的总数,种群;人口

slip滑倒;n.疏忽,小错

liability责任,义务;债务[复数]

claim索赔;声称,主张

tap开发,利用

betray背叛,出卖;暴露

highlight强调,突出

acquisition获得,学会

panel专门小组

appeal to呼吁;吸引;上诉

impose强加,征(税)

amount to(意义、价值等方面)等同,接近;共计

conformity一致,符合;遵守

handicap障碍,不利条件;缺陷;v.妨碍mortality必死性;死亡率;致命

agent动原;代理

roughly大约,大体上;粗野地

class把…分类,归为

proposition主张,建议;陈述

being生存,存在;生物,人

liberal自由的,思想开明的;慷慨的

occupation职业;占据

endure忍受,承受,持久

spectacle景象,壮观;眼镜

formulation构想;系统的阐述

check控制;检查

有些常见词的非常见义很难记,不过只要采用前面所说的联想法就能较好地记忆,甚至在上下文中根据本义推出引申义。例如,subscribe(同意,赞成;订购,订阅)的本义是“订

购、订阅”,引申义是“同意,赞成”。如何记住subscribe的非常见义呢?subscribe=sub (下面)+scribe(写)。例如,订阅报纸需要在订单下方写上订阅者的名字,也可以通过在文件下面写上自己的名字来表示“同意”。这样,subscribe的常见义与非常见义就通过“在下面写上自己的名字”这一点联系起来了。试看下文:

It''s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.

这种做法是经济学家所赞成的,但实际上这常常使得铁路公司能够决定哪些公司将会蓬勃发展,哪些公司将会败下阵来。

这是2003年考研阅读第三篇文章中的句子。其中的subscribe (to)你能在上下文中根据本义推出引申义吗?如果能,你的考研词汇就基本过关了。

今天的结束语是:Where are the snows of yesteryear(去年之雪今安在?法国诗人Villion 的原文是法语:Ou sont les neiges d''antan?)。

熟词僻义(2001-2007)

entrance 进入,入口(动词enter)

referee 审阅;仲裁(动词refer参考)

alien 不相容的,陌生的,外国的

might 力量,威力(形容词mighty 强有力的)

lateral 平级的;侧面的

cover 掩饰,盖住

exit 辞职;出口

term 把…称为,把…叫做

preach 竭力鼓吹,宣讲,讲道

publicize 宣传,公布

build-up 积聚,增长

juggle 尽力对付(文中指同时做几件事情),使保持平衡;玩杂耍

well-established 固定下来的;得到确认的

redundancy 裁员;多余(形容词redundant多余的)

address 向…作正式讲话,对…发表演讲

version 版本;说法

fraction 小部分,片断,分数

disregard 不理会,漠视(反义词regard认为)

suspend 暂停,中止;悬,挂

muted温和的,趋缓的;缄默的,无言的

swing 摇摆;秋千(同义词fluctuation波动)

emerging 新兴的

implication 含义,暗示(动词imply)

rule 裁决,裁定

prescribe 开(药);规定(prescription处方)

fuel 激起,刺激;n. 燃料

aggressive 大胆的;侵略性的

intelligence 情报,智力,才智(形容词intelligent)

margin 差额,余地,边缘,页边空白(形容词marginal 微小的,少量的,不重要的)immunization 免疫;不受影响(动词immunize)

ultimate 最终的,根本的

freight 货物,运费

appeal 申诉,上诉;吸引

discrimination 歧视;区别(动词discriminate)

subscribe 同意,赞成;订购,订阅

apprehensive 忧虑的,担心的(动词apprehend理解)

depression 抑郁,消沉;萧条(动词 depress )

opening 空缺职位(同义词vacancy)

predecessor前辈,前任,前身

literally 简直,照字面地

temper 调和,使缓和;脾气

exploitation 剥削,利用;开发(动词exploit)

assumption 假设,假定;担任,承担(动词assume)

preserve 独占的领域(活动范围或地区);动植物保护区;保存

parallel 类似的事物;平行线

enlist 征募;赢得(帮助或支持)

critical 关键性的;批评的

fashion 制定,形成,改革

involve 包含,牵涉,使参与

altogether完全;总计

worthy 优秀的;值得的

game <总称>猎物;游戏,比赛

fishery 渔场;渔业

figure 数字;体型;图画

vessel 船;容器

stock 种类;库存

current 流行的;流通的,当前的

anchor 主播,主持人;锚

multiply 乘;大量增加,繁殖

note 指出;记录

harsh 严酷的;刺耳的

odds 可能性,机会;冲突

exercise 履行(职责等),实行,执行;运用,发挥;锻炼,练习fallout 附带结果,余波;放射性坠尘

peer (into)检查;窥视

dim 迟钝的,愚蠢的;暗淡的

考研英语熟词僻义

核?心词通常含义常考僻义例例句句 authority n.权威,威信n.政府local authorities当地政府 line n.线v.排队people lined the streets?人们在街上排队crash n.撞击,坠毁v.暴暴跌 steep a.陡峭的 a.急剧的the steep increase in airline travel screen n.屏幕,屏?风v.鉴别,筛选Screen Statistics inPapers job screener n.?面试官 sticker n.黏贴物n.价签one big reason is sticker shock sovereign n.君主 a.独?立?自主的once a sovereign nation. community n.社区,团体n.界The astronomy community shed n.棚;分?水岭v.流出to shed tears shed light on照亮 round a.圆形的 rounded a.周到的a more rounded assessment measure v.测量量n.措施The French measures hit v.打,击n.击中v.到达As many people hit middle age rule n.规则v.裁决In a rare unanimous ruling host n.主?人v.主办hosting an event a host of?大量量a host of example sound n.声?音 a.合理理的court’s ruling is legally sound play favorite偏向,偏?心not be allowed to play favorites integrity n.完整n.正直unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institution fan n.扇?子v.煽动,激起can fan public perceptions of corruption fuel n.燃料料v.助燃fuel the efficiency mind-set runway n.跑道n.T台employ thin models on runways faintly a.虚弱的勉?强的as faint praise index n.索引n.指数a government-defined index of body mass mass n.群众,?大量量n.质量量 industry n.?工业n.?行行业The fashion industry state n.国家n.状态v.陈述 run v.跑v.运营Yankee nuclear power plant running address n.地址v.处理理,解决to address our urgent housing need country n.国家n.乡村 coach n.教练v.训练coach lawyers on the shifting landscape train n.?火?车v.培训do not need the extra training belt n.带?子n.地带national parks and green belts sense n.感觉v.嗅到Only Ukip,sensing its chance side n.侧?面v.?支持has sided with those pleading b ack n.后背v.?支持reluctance to back it concrete n.混凝?土v.浇灌混凝 ?土,建造The idea that“housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows” favor n.帮助v.喜欢the product they favor spectrum n.光谱n.范围unite left and right of the political spectrum engage v.订婚;使从事v.联和promote maximalengagement cause n.原因n.事业the cause of world peace account n.账?目v.报账,解释account for strange phenomenon substantial a.本质的 a.?大量量的are advantages to avoiding substantial height ditch n.沟渠v.抛弃there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print 第1?页共6?页

2016考研英语:熟词僻义汇总

考研英语:熟词僻义汇总 1.weigh v. 考虑,权衡 At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight —issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. (真题1999, Text 1, Paragraph 4) 与此同时,美国法学会——该学会由一群法官、律师、学者所组成,他们的建议举足轻重——签署了新的民事侵害法纲要,宣布公司不必警示顾客那些显而易见的危险,或者给顾客列出一份冗长的可能造成的危险的清单。 2. even a. 均匀的;平的 They seemed a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. (CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 4) 他们看起来像神职人员,尽管道行参差不齐,但举止非常统一;他们从来不谈私事。 3.odd a. 临时的 Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety. (真题2007, Text 4, Paragraph 1) 迄今为止,信息保护工作一直被留给临时的、低层次的信息技术人员承担,并且只被看成是信息资源丰富产业所关切的一个方面,比如银行业、电信业以及航空旅行业,如今,信息保护则成为各类商业老板议事日程中需要优先考虑的问题。 4.weather v. 抵抗,克服 This “added-worker effect”could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. (真题2007, Text 3, Paragraph 2) 这种“额外工人效应”可以支持由失业保险或残疾保险提供的安全网,以便帮助家庭渡过难关。

考研英语中的熟词僻义二)

考研英语中的熟词僻义(二) 考研英语中的熟词僻义(二) 考研英语中“熟词僻义”希望考研的同学多多注意,这往往是考研英语阅读中词汇题的考点,也是细节题和推理题的关键。下面文都教育的小编给大家整理了常见的熟词僻义词汇,希望能够引起大家的关注,多多学习。 1. tired 陈腐的,陈旧的 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.(真题 2001, Text 5, Paragraph 2) 奇怪的是,大约两年半的时间我写完两部小说后,我这个被美国人称为“放慢生活节奏”的试验,却使我老掉牙的借口变成了现实。 2. fault n. 毛病 Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and othe r academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. (真题 1998, Text 3, Paragraph 4) 格罗斯和莱维特主要挑那些质疑科学客观性的社会学家、哲学家和其他学者的毛病。 3. practice n. 惯例,习惯,做法 Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological. (真题 1996, Text 4, Paragraph 2) 在诸多形成因素中,我想特别指出这个国家优异的小学教育;欢迎新技术的劳动大军;对发明者进行奖励的做法;尤其是美国人在处理技术性事物所具有的非语言的空间思维才能。 4. principal n. 最重要的,主要的 The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. (CET-6, , Passage 3, Paragraph 1) 学校面临的主要困难一直是学生人数的剧增。 5. tell v. 区别,分辨,识别

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2020考研英语:熟词僻义的范例分析 考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由我为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:熟词僻义的范例分析”,持续关注本站将可以持 续获取更多的考试资讯! 2020考研英语:熟词僻义的范例分析 1. But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency&mdashpermanent dependency if you can get it&mdashsupported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. 译文:但是在奥斯本的世界,你的第一反应是陷入依赖&mdash&mdash 如果你能得到它的话,则是永久依赖,这得到了国家的支持,一个容易纵容你错误的国家。 这句话中涉及了too...to的特殊用法: l too...to 太...而不能(否定) l too...to句式中,如果too后接形容词ready(现成的)inclined(偏于..的),apt(易于)等词时,无否定的意思,表示倾向,易于。 eg. He is too ready to read books. 他爱读书 Men are too apt to lie. 人们爱说谎 l only too...to 表示肯定,前面加only表示程度的加强: eg. I am only too glad to meet you. 很高兴认识你 2. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.

2019年考研英语热点熟词僻义

热点熟词僻义总结【添加中】 1allow allow承认admit We must allow that he is right on this matter. 2address address vt 处理To deal with: addressed the issue of absenteeism. 处理旷工事宜 3advantage take advantage of 欺骗(deceive)对……加以利用 took advantage of the customer.欺骗消费者 4appreciate appreciate v.意识到(realize) 抬高…价格、涨价 I appreciate that I may be wrong. This land has appreciated in value. 这块土地增值了。 5apprehension apprehension忧虑、担心;逮捕、理解 The student looked around the examination room with apprehension.

那名学生恐惧地观看检查室的四周。 6apprehensive apprehensive理解的不安的,忧虑的(意思和用法等同于afraid) apprehensive for sb.'s safety 担心某人的安全 7approach approach着手To begin to deal with or work on: approached the task with dread. 惶恐地开始着手这项任务 8arch arch adj 调皮的,顽皮的n.弓形 an arch smile调皮的微笑 He tapped the side of his nose in an uncharacteristically arch gesture. 9argument argument 论点,论据 10as 潮?潳洠捵??獡表示与其说是……倒不如说。否定前者肯定后者 1. He is not so much a writer as a reporter. 2. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool. (摘自真题) It's not so much a hobby as a career (= more like a career than a hobby). 11assume assume 承担,假装,假定,设想,

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2012年考研英语大纲5500词汇熟词僻义经典总结(完整版) abide vi.逗留, 居住They abide in a remote village.他们居住在一个偏远的村子里。 vt.容忍, 忍受屈从How can you abide such a person?你怎么能屈从于这样的人? about prep.转到相反的方向About turn 口令:向后转! 【真题例句】Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. 【2010年阅读Txte2】 对商业方法专利权的限制表明了法庭的态度发生了重大的转变,因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为 “州街银行案”的决议中引入了这类专利,当时法院对一种共同的投资基金资产的管理方法授予了专利。 abrupt adj指语言上不连贯的an abrupt style of writing不连贯的写作风格;(指斜坡)陡峭的; absence n缺少,缺乏[U][(+of)];缺席的时间;外出期;不注意,心不在焉 The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull. 那幅画因没有着色而显得晦暗。 He repeated absences from school.屡次缺课。 【真题例句】There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference”characteristic of popular culture. 【2006年Text1】在美国,大众文化的特点就是“在服饰和谈吐方面大众化的一致性、漫不经心和不拘礼节。” absolute adj有无限权力的专制的An absolute ruler can do just as he please. 一个专制的统治者可以为所欲为。 非相对的There's no absolute standard for it. 它没有绝对的标准。 独立的;绝对的We now have the absolute proof of his guilt. 我们现在有他犯罪的确凿证据。 absorb vt并入,使合并;减少(冲击、困难等的影响) The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.周围的村庄已经合并到了日益扩大的城市。 Buffer absorbed most of the shock.减速器大大减少了震动。 academic n. [C]学术的学者 【真题例句】If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.【1995 年Text4】 如果学校对学业的强调减少一些,也许就有更多的时间教孩子更重要的价值观念。 【真题例句】Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering”has been crude.【1998年阅读text2】 哈佛学者伦纳德?施莱辛格是一家迅速扩张的美味面包店的前总裁,他说,许多“企业重组”都不成熟。

2012考研英语熟词僻意

考研英语阅读常见一词多义 1.Act n.①法案, 法令②动作, 举动③节目, (戏剧的) 幕 v.①行动, 产生...的效果②担当③表演, 表现, 见效 This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act[n.行为] of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. 这一成功,连同后来证明的记忆本身不是遗传决定的研究,使得埃里克森得出结论,即 记忆过程是一种认知练习,而不是一种本能练习。 (07-01) Regulators will act[v.行动] if firms fail to provide adequate data security. 如果公司没有提供适当的信息安全保护措施,那么监管人员就会采取行动。 (07-04) The commercial TV channels —ITV and Channel 4 —were required by the Thatcher Government's Broadcasting Act[n.法案] to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. 商业电视频道——ITV和第四频道——应撒切尔政府广播法案的要求进行商业化,彼此 竞争广告业务,降低成本,裁减员工。 (96-02) 2.Appeal n. ①请求, 呼吁②上诉③吸引力(appealing: 有吸引力的) v. ①求助, 诉求②控诉 Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal[v.上诉] to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. 如果客户感到他们被多收费,他们有权上诉到联邦政府的“陆路运输局”以争取价格下 调。但这个过程耗财、耗时,并且只有在真正极端特殊的情况下才有作用。 (03-03) NBAC members also indicated that they would appeal[v.呼吁]to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer. NBAC的成员明确表示,他们呼吁由私人提供资金的研究人员和机构不要试图通过人 体 细 胞 核 转 移 去 克 隆 人 (

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