中考英语语法精讲系列之名词辨析
副标题
一、单选题（本大题共100小题，共100.0分）
1.-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou？
-Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ．（）
A. surprise
B. achievement
C. education
D. satisfaction
2.Your _______ is very helpful．I guess I’ll take it．（）
A. secret
B. advice
C. promise
D. purpose
3.Cathy has such a good_____that she won many prizes in singing competitions last
year．（）
A. sleep
B. idea
C. voice
D. time
4.―Is this photo taken in Tibet?
―Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountains in the of the photo.
A. form
B. background
C. shape
D. introduction
5.-Who is the person you admire the most？
-Qian Xuesen，the Father of China’s Missiles．He is the ______ of China．（）
A. leader
B. pride
C. voice
6.--Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies？
--Please follow the ______ on the cookbook．（）
A. direction
B. attention
C. introduction
D. instruction
7._______of the teachers in our school is 118，
_______ of them are women teachers．（）
A. The number，first fourth
B. The number，one fourth
C. A number，one second
D. A number，three quarters
8.The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)will help China improve the with those
related countries,especially Pakistan.
A. relationship
B. agreement
C. environment
9.-Excuse me．Is there a near here？I want to buy some drinks．
-Yes．Go along the street，and it's on your left．（）
A. zoo
B. school
C. supermarket
D. museum
10.-The water in the glass is sweet．Did you put any in it？（）
-Yes．I added some to it just now．
A. sugar
B. salt
C. oil
11.-Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera．
-That's true．It's an important part of Chinese____________．（）
A. culture
B. invention
C. custom
12.To the teacher's joy，the student made great______this term．（）
A. result
B. preparation
C. suggestion
D. progress
13.When an earthquake happens，I think the most important safety _____ is to keep calm
（）
A. rule
B. doubt
C. condition
D. problem
14.-Can you tell me the of the novel？
-Yes，of course， is Mo Yan．（）
A. name，He
B. writer，It
C. name，It
15.It’s better to keep your ______ down in public places even if you’re with your friends.
A. sound
B. noise
C. voice
D. throat
16.-Oh，dear!There isn't enough ____________ for us in the lift．
--No hurry．Let's wait for the next．（）
A. floor
B. seat
C. room
D. ground
17.-Doyou know about the scientist Tu Youyou？
-Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great _________．（）
A. surprise
B. achievement
C. education
D. satisfaction
18.-The water in the glass is sweet．Did you put any in it？（）
-Yes．I added some to it just now．
A. sugar
B. salt
C. oil
19.Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______．（）
A. cough
B. toothache
C. cold
D. fever
20.The New York Times is a popular daily .
A. dictionary
B. magazine
C. newspaper
D. guidebook
21.―How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games?
―Why not search the Internet?
A. information
B. experience
C. practice
D. success
22.-I go swimming every day．
-Wow!That's a good ________．It keeps you healthy．（）
A. march
B. task
C. habit
D. dream
23.If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, you’ve got a good
_________ of winning.
A. choice
B. chance
C. decision
D. direction
24.SteveJobs was full of ___________
-always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society．（）
A. instruction
B. invitation
C. introduction
D. invention
25.If you need further ________about our products，please surf the Internet．（）
A. information
B. experience
C. practice
D. expression
26.---It’s hot today．Have some ________，please．
---No，thanks．I’m not thirsty at all．（）
A. water
B. potatoes
C. bread
D. cakes
27.He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______．（）
A. family
B. address
C. house
D. home
28.---Why did Lucy look unhappy？
---Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework．（）
A. friends
B. plans
C. decisions
D. mistakes
29.-Did you do something special on Father's Day？
-Yes．I made my father a card in the ____of a heart to express my love．（）
A. height
B. shape
C. design
D. model
30.-What's your prediction about the______of our school basketball match next week．
-I'm sure Class 8 will be the winner．（）
A. teammate
B. result
C. information
D. player
31.My favorite is spring．I can fly kites with my friend．（）
A. month
B. day
C. weekend
D. season
32.The mobile phone sells for￥5，000，it is much more than its real ．（）
A. cost
B. value
C. price
33.一The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive．
一Don't worry．You can enjoy yourself．It's my ．（）
A. time
B. task
C. treat
D. taste
34.-Zheng He was a Ming dynasty _____that we Chinese people are proud of．
-I agree with you．He even succeed ______sailing to the east coast of Africa．（）
A. tourist； to
B. philosopher； in
C. inventor； to
D. explorer； in
35.If you can speak English well，
you will have a great ______over others while looking for a job．（）
A. activity
B. article
C. agreement
D. advantage
36.-Judy，I guess you are only twenty-five years old，is that true？
--Oh，it's a __________．（）
A. suggestion
B. secret
C. reason
D. problem
37.-Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me．
-If you make a ________，you must keep it．（）
A. joke
B. noise
C. mistake
D. promise
38.--I wonder if you've made a decision on the project，Eric．
--Not yet．I can't make it until I have first-hand on prices．（）
A. news
B. knowledge
C. information
D. education
39.We have no food at home．Shall we go to the ？（）
A. library
B. supermarket
C. hospital
D. theatre
40.Many ___are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city （文明城
市）．（）
A. man
B. woman
C. volunteer
D. volunteers
41.Dr．Ma has helped a lot of patients see again in the of his life．（）
A. form
B. way
C. direction
D. course
42.Daniel has tried to lose ___________ by eating less recently，
but two kilos has been put on instead．（）
A. weight
B. weights
C. height
D. heights
43.-Do you have any for tonight yet？
-Not yet．What about having a picnic on the beach？（）
A. problems
B. news
C. plans
D. rules
44.The singing competition gives us a to show our talent．（）
A. chance
B. change
C. choice
D. check
45.-Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays？
-Because they are a symbol of long life．（）
A. eggs
B. cakes
C. noodles
D. dumplings
46.My uncle keeps many_________ on the farm．And I often help him feed them．（）
A. cow
B. horse
C. pig
D. sheep
47.-What kind of noodles would you like？
-I'd like some ______ noodles．（）
A. carrots
B. beef
C. potatoes
D. vegetables
48.Life is like riding a bicycle．To keep your ，you must keep moving．（）
A. promise
B. position
C. balance
D. ability
49.__________ is the quality to be brave when you are facing difficulties．（）
A. C ourage
B. Pride
C. Humor
50.-What's your sister's favorite______？
-She's always in red．Don't you know．（）
A. song
B. movie
C. color
D. food
51.Great ______ for football lovers-more than 50，
000soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025．（）
A. news
B. message
C. situation
D. information
52.These light bulbs look the same，
but their ______ on the environment are different．（）
A. solutions
B. methods
C. effects
D. secrets
53.--It's hot today．Have some _______，please．
--No，thanks．I'm not thirsty at all．（）
A. water
B. potatoes
C. bread
54.You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer while you are writing．（）
A. trouble
B. matter
C. mistakes
D. problems
55.-Shallwe go on Friday or Saturday？
-Either day is OK．It makes no to me．（）
A. choice
B. changc
C. difference
D. decision
56.---Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there．
---They're for public．This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang cit y．（）
A. number
B. pair
C. kind
D. piece
57.My grandpa knows the history and medical _______ of many plants．（）
A. wealth
B. price
C. value
D. cost
58.The artist received high from the art community for these sculptures．（）
A. and
B. prize
C. price
D. pride
59.Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely．（）
A. gift
B. stick
C. pet
D. watch
60.My father didn't bring much yesterday，so he only bought a small gift for me．（）
A. tea
B. money
C. juice
61.Shandong illegal vaccine scandal（非法疫苗丑闻）
caused people to pay more attention to children's_________．（）
A. health
B. weight
C. wealth
62.Cambridge is famous for its ．Many famous people studied there．（）
A. university
B. hospital
C. bank
D. museum
63.My cousin works for an airline．He flies planes．He is __________．（）
A. an inventor
B. a scientist
C. an explorer
D. a pilot
64.I love __________．I hope one day I can take part in one of them，
answer all the questions and win a big prize!（）
A. chat shows
B. game shows
C. cartoons
D. documentaries
65.The TV show Letters Alive brings back people's of writing to each
other．（）
A. ideas
B. hobbies
C. styles
D. memories
66.-Why not buy a second-hand flat first if you don't have enough money？
-That's a good ______．（）
A. saying
B. question
C. suggestion
D. decision
67.It might be cool in the evening．You\d better take a（n）．（）
A. umbrella
B. sweater
C. wallet
D. camera
68.-I'm hungry．May I have something to eat？
-OK．Here's some ________．（）
A. orange
B. bread
C. water
D. milk
69.-How did you put together the model plane so perfectly？
-It's easy．I just followed the ______．（）
A. instructions
B. instruments
C. interviews
D. inventions
70.-I's hot today．Have some ______ please．
-No，thanks．I'm not thirsty at all．（）
A. water
B. potatoes
C. bread
D. cakes
71.It’s cold today．Take your______ with you when you go out．（）
A. knife
B. coat
C. brush
D. key
72.-Could you give me a few ______ on how to spend the coming summer holiday？
--OK．Let me see．（）
A. hobbies
B. knowledge
C. suggestions
D. information
73.-How can Julie say bad words about me？I thought we were good friends．
-Who told you that？Friends need （）
A. courage
B. distance
C. trust
D. shame
74.-Can I help you？
-Yes， please． I need a pair of ．（）
A. shoes
B. T-shirt
C. sweater
D. bags
75.Look! There are many ______ on the hill．（）
A. monkeys
B. horse
C. cow
76.Nora opened the box．To her surprise，______ was a gold watch．（）
A. outside
B. inside
C. beside
D. behind
77.He has much ____as an engineer．So he can build the bridge successfully．（）
A. balance
B. experience
C. surface
D. service
78.I have the ____of reading before sleeping．It has been part of my life．（）
A. courage
B. chance
C. spirit
D. habit
79.If you can speak English well,you will have a great over others while looking for a
job.
A. activity
B. article
C. agreement
D. advantage
80.--It's a wise ________ to wear the white tie．It matches your shirt well．
--Thank you very much．（）
A. choice
B. support
C. mixture
D. honour
81.Fruit is good for health，so I often have breakfast with one ．（）
A. candy
B. cake
C. banana
D. hamburger
82.-Mike，what club do you want to join？
-Well，I want to join the club．I love painting．（）
A. chess
B. sports
C. art
D. English
83.None of them talked.They finished their meal in .
A. silence
B. order
C. place
D. public
84.In 1998，Liu Xiang's ______ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping．（）
A. ability
B. trade
C. electricity
D. memory
85.-What____will you get after winning the competition in the programme Stay to the end
（一站到底）？
-A free trip to Bali Island．（）
A. award
B. attention
C. advice
D. ability
86.Why do you listen to French songs all the time？
This is just my ________to learn French well．（）
A. way
B. road
C. choice
D. reason
87.-My good friend volunteered to teach English in a poor village last year．
-She said she got some unforgettable while working there．（）
A. experiences
B. examples
C. experiments
D. excuses
88.-Mr．White，couldyou give me some advice？I have trouble in learning English．
-Sure．First，you should be confident and never give up．Second，…（）
A. introductions
B. suggestions
C. instructions
89.The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful．（）
A. glass
B. glasses
C. candle
D. candles
90.A_______is a person who is in someone's home by invitation，for a short time，
as for a meal，or to stay one or more nights．（）
A. boss
B. customer
C. guest
91.-What do you think of our hotel？
-Good!I'm especially satisfied with the high of your service．（）
A. level
B. speed
C. praise
D. price
92.If you don't know the to the science museum，here is a map of the city．（）
A. date
B. way
C. price
D. time
93.Dave really likes driving.I think being a is just right for him.
A. doctor
B. teacher
C. farmer
D. driver
94.-Mum，I'm not full．May I have two ？
-Certainly．But don't cat too much．（）
A. Orange
B. chickens
C. eggs
D. bread
95.Tony likes ______ best of all the vegetables，because they're healthy and fresh．（）
A. potato
B. eggs
C. milk
D. tomatoes
96.---Would you like to go to the space museum？
---I'd love to，but I haven't made（a）________．I'll think about it．（）
A. progress
B. mistake
C. mess
D. decision
97. A __________ shows the days，weeks and months of a year．（）
A. calendar
B. festival
C. journey
98.I am hungry．I'd like to have some ______．（）
A. rice
B. sandwich
C. dumpling
D. egg
99.Jeff will come to understand you one day．It's a matter of ____（）
A. pleasure
B. value
C. time
100.The ________ pollution is becoming more and more serious，
We haven't seen blue skies for several days．（）
A. noise
B. water
C. air
初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
初中英语语法名词知识点讲解及专项练习1．可数名词的复数变化 1) 规则变化 (1) 大多数都直接在名词后加-s。 (2) 以-s , -x , -ch , -sh结尾的名词加-es。 (3) 以元音字母+y结尾的名词加-s，如boys，days；但以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es，如babies， flies，libraries; 以辅音字母+y结尾的专有名词直接加-s，如Marys，Henrys等。 (4) 以-o结尾的名词，大多数在词尾加-s，如bamboos，radios，photos，kilos，但也有少数加-es，如potatoes， tomatoes，heroes; 而zero两种形式均可。 (5) -f，-fe结尾的名词，大部分将-f，-fe改成v，再加-es，如knives，halves，thieves, shelves，leaves，wives， wolves；但也有少数直接加-s，如roofs，beliefs，safes；而handkerchief和scarf两种均可。 背记小口诀： 妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去砍狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf)下保己（self）命(life)，半(half)片树 叶(leaf)遮面包（loaf）。 2) 不规则变化 (1) 单复数同形sheep，fish，deer，Chinese，Japanese。 (2) 变内部元音man －men，tooth －teeth，mouse －mice，foot －feet，goose－geese。 (3) 其他形式。 child－children ox －oxen grown-up －grown-ups passer-by －passers-by brother-in-law －brothers-in-law man与woman作定语修饰的名词改为复数时，两者都要改为复数，如：two women doctors，many men leaders。 3) 特殊的复数形式
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
一、选择题 1．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; them C．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an 13．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习 【考点讲解】 一、名词的分类 二、可数名词与不可数名词 (一) 可数名词 名词分为可数和不可数名词。物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 单数变复数的规则
【注】 ① 常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下几个：hero, tomato, potato ,可记为 “英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆”。剩余以o 为结尾的加s ：如photo, zoo, piano 等 ② 以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下： 小偷的妻子用刀把狼劈成两半，一半放在书架上，一半放在树叶上 2. 不规则复数形式 (1) 元音或词尾发生变化：child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse- policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________ Englishman- (2) 单复数形式相同： (3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people ，police (4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics (5) 只能用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses ……
【注】○1man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher –， woman doctor –_____________； ○2但是其他合成名词，只需把其中心词变成复数形式。如： shoe factory- , banana tree- 3. “某国人”的复数形式“中日不变英法变，其余s加后边” (二)不可数名词 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，一般没有复数形式
一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days
中考语法专题训练(一) 名词 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.[2018·泰州] About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my . A.position B.attention C.suggestion D.introduction 2.[2018·宿迁] Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for this sculptures. A.pride B.praise C.promise D.progress 3.[2018·盐城] Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend. A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage 4.[2018·扬州] The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A.contribution https://www.doczj.com/doc/d08406545.html,munication C.celebration https://www.doczj.com/doc/d08406545.html,petition 5.[2018·常州]Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chou’s. A.influence B.guidance C.experience D.appearance 6.[2018·南京]—Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? —I’m afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 7.[2018·莱芜]Stephen Hawking’s story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties. A.chance B.wealth C.courage D.decision 8.[2018·铜仁]—What would you like to drink? —I’d like three . A.bottles of waters B.bottle of waters C.bottle of water D.bottles of water 9.[2018·北部湾] The woman in a hat is aunt. A.Jack and John B.Jack’s and John C.Jack’s and John’s D.Jack and John’s 10.[2018·本溪]—Your is quite good. You must be from an English-speaking country. —Thanks, but I’m from China.
初中中考英语语法 （名词篇） 语法总述： 名词篇： 名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词，如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词，如the United States，the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
初中英语语法讲解 名词 名词可分为专有名词（包括人名，地名和由普通名词构成的专有名词）和普通名词（包括个体名词，集合名词，物质名词和抽象名词），也可分为可数名词与不可数名词。 可数名词变复数的规律： 1.直接+s。 2.以辅音+y结尾的，把y改i + es。 3.以元音+y结尾的，直接+s。 4.以s,x,ch,sh结尾，末尾+es 5.以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变v加es 6.以o结尾的，加s或es 7.以th结尾的，末尾+s 不规则变化，如：mouse→mice 老鼠goose→geese 鹅tooth→teeth 牙齿 man→men 男人等等 单复数同形，如：fish sheep deer Chinese Japanese 等 国人变复数比较特别中国人，日本人单复数同形，英国人，法国人末尾的man变men，其他的都在末尾+s。（特别强调德国人German，他变复数是+s，不要忘了） 合成名词变复数： 1.在中心名词上+s 如：passerby→passersby 过路人grown-up→grown-ups 2.两个同时变复数如：man doctor→men doctors 注意fish，chicken两词，它们各有两种意思 Fish 1.鱼可数单复数同形 2.鱼肉不可数 Chicken 1.小鸡可数 2.鸡肉不可数 一些不可数名词短语： a piece of break 一块面包 a piece of news 一条新闻 a piece of advice 一条建议 a pair 一双 名词所有格：分为两种，一种是有生命物体的，是在单数名词尾+’s，复数名词非s结尾，就+’s，末尾是s，就在s后面加’；另一种是无生命物体的，有两种情况，一是共有的，就在最后一个人名字后+’s，另一个是各有的，就分别+’s 如：Mary and Mike’s mother. 表示Mary和Mike 共有的母亲，也就是说它们是兄弟。 Mary’s and Mike’s mother. 表示Mary和Mike各自的母亲。 特例：1.有些表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命物体时，也可加’s表示所有格。 2.有时’s结构也可换成of结构以示强调。 初中英语语法讲解—名词（第1页，共3页）
学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park
专题一名词 一、名词的数 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。大多数名词为可数名词，有单复数之分；而不可数名词则没有复数形式。可数名词的复数有两种变化。 1、规则变化 变化例词 ○1一般情况下在词尾直接加s ruler → rulers ；park → parks ○2以s、x、sh、ch 结尾的，在词尾加es bus → buses ；box → boxes ；watch → ○1 ○3以f、fe 结尾的，把f、fe 变成v，再加es thief → thieves ；wife → ○2 ○4以辅音字母加y 结尾的，变y 为i，再加es family → families ；factory → ○3 ○5以字母o 结尾的，有时加s，有时加es photo → photos ；hero → heroes （１）巧记以f、fe 结尾，把f、fe 变成v，再加es 的词： 半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf），架（shelf）后小偷（thief）逃命（life）忙。 （２）巧记以o 结尾后加es 的词： 黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃土豆（potato）和西红柿（tomato）。 （３）巧记以o 结尾后加s 的词： 广播（radio）录像（video）动物园（zoo），钢琴（piano）袋鼠（kangaroo）照相片（photo）。２、不规则变化 有些名词变复数时属于不规则变化，这种变化主要是通过改变单词中的某个字母或在词尾加后缀构成的。 oo → ee foot → feet ；tooth → ○4；goose → geese a → e man → men ；woman → women ；policeman → ○5；Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen 词尾加ren child → children 特殊变化mouse → mice 不变化sheep；deer；Japanese；Chinese；people 巧记单复数形式相同的名词： 人（people）在中国（Chinese）、日本（Japanese）和瑞士（Swiss）喜爱绵羊（sheep）、鹿（deer）和鱼（fish）。 ３、常以复数形式出现的名词 pants（裤子）glasses（眼镜）clothes（衣服） trousers（裤子）shoes（鞋）socks（袜子） stockings（长筒袜）jeans（牛仔）shorts（短裤） scissors（剪刀）chopsticks（筷子）goods（货物） 这些名词在句中作复数使用，其作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，如： The shoes under the bed are mine. 在床底下的鞋是我的。 ４、集体名词 集体名词表示同一类人或事物的许多个体的总称。如果作为集体来看，谓语动词用单数；若指每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。这类词有： family （家），people （人），police （警察），class（班），team（队），group（小组）。 如： The class has a map of the world on the wall. 这个班墙上有一幅世界地图。 The class are playing football on the playground. 这个班正在操场上踢足球。 二、不可数名词及其量的表示法
一、选择题 1．—What do animals eat? —Some eat_______ and some eat_______. A．meat ,leafs B．meats, leafs C．meat ,leaves D．meats ,leaves 2．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 3．This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______． A．She's； friend B．They're； friends C．They're； friend 4．—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have —________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday. A．a seven-day; off B．a seven-days; away C．seven-day; over D．a seven-days’; off 5．Look, this is________ bedroom. A．my father and mother’s B．my father’s and mother’s C．my father’s and mother D．my father and mother 6．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 7．—Look.There’re lots of______here. —Great.We can make______soup. A．egg；egg B．eggs；egg C．egg；eggs D．eggs；eggs 8．I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color. A．Lucy's and Lily's B．Lucy and Lily's C．Lucy and Lily D．Lucy's and Lily 9．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner? —I have some____________, And I like them very much. A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 10．—Let's ____________ some salad. —Sorry, I don't like ____________ . A．have; them B．to have; it C．have; it D．to have; them 11．Here__________.You can see me in it. A．are two photos of my family B．is my family C．is a photo of my family D．are my family photos 12．-Can I help you? -Yes. I'd like__________ rice. A．a small bar of B．a slice of C．a large bag of D．a piece of
初中英语语法专项习题－－名词 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She—— in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please？ A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___？ -Yes, please.
A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
中考英语语法知识点总结：名词与代词 名词 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es〃 a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾〃复数要加-es; b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es; c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe 变为-v, 再加-es; d. 以-o结尾的名词〃一般来说〃末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s〃我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词〃变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato〃当然其中的piano 和photo〃又是一个例外〃他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词〃其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman〃two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词〃故复数形式为 Germans; f. deer〃sheep等词单复数同形。 people〃police〃cattle 等词〃以单数形式出现〃但实为复数〃所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式〃这就是集体名词。the English〃the French〃the Chinese 等名词表示国民总称时〃也作复数用。
注意：maths〃politics〃physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾〃仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国)〃the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。 别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定语时〃它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers〃 women teachers。 b. 数词+名词作定语时〃这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路〃two-hundred trees 两百棵树。代词 代词中第一个“小个性”就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别—my的后面一定要接名词〃不可以单独出现〃只能做定语〃如：my father;而 mine则是名词性〃只能单独出现〃在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. It's mine. 记住这两个句子〃凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。 代词的第二个“罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)—反身代词〃也就是表示“自己、亲自”的意思。关于反身代词〃需要注意的是她不能单独做主语〃但可以放在人称代词后面〃做同位语。如：Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。 Of+名词性物主代词：