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高中英语非谓语动词to do(三)

高中英语非谓语动词to do(三)
高中英语非谓语动词to do(三)

非谓语动词(三)——复习动词不定式

一、概说

动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它通常由不定式符号to +动词原形构成,但有时to也可省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的功能,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等,但不能用作谓语(故称不定式为非谓语动词)。不定式可以有不同的时态(如进行式、完成式等)和语态(主动语态和被动语态)。

二、不定式的否定式

不定式的否定式的构成

通常是将否定词not或never置于不定式之前,即构成not to do 的形式。

The doctor advised me not to smoke.

三、不定式的句法功能

1. 作主语

不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。往往用it作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。

a.It+be+名词+to do sth.

b.It takes sb.some time to do sth

c.It+be+形容词+of/for sb+to do sth

当形容词表示人的品质时,用of不用for.

(careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,clever)

如:To finish this report took him a week. 完成这个报告花了他一周的时间。

It took us two hours to finish the job.

It is impossible for us to get there on time.

It is very kind of you to help us.

2.作表语

He seems to be ill.他似乎有病。

【提示】不定式作表语主要有三种情况,

一是用于seem,appear,prove,turn out等连系动词之后的不定式(尤其是to be);

二是“等价”的情形;

My job is to sweep the floor

3.作宾语

I can't afford to buy a car.我买不起汽车。

【速记口诀】

接不定式作宾语的动词

三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;

设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。

【妙语诠释】

三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise

两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse

设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide

不要假装在选择:pretend,choose

在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在句末。

I find it easy to read English every day.

4.作宾语补足语

He warned me not to touch it.他警告我不要触碰它。

【提示】通常可带不定式作宾语补足语的动词:advise,allow,ask,bear,beg,cause,command,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,hate,help,intend,invite,leave,like,mean,need,oblige,order,permit,persuade,prefer,request,remind,teach,tell,trouble,want,warn,wish等。

He didn't allow the students to go there.

5.作定语

不定式作定语时,须放在被修饰的名词或代词后。

A. 被修饰的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑宾语。

I have a lot of work to do. (work是to do的逻辑宾语)

B. 不定式说明它所修饰的名词或代词的内容。

In the old days the poor had no chance to go to school. (to go to school是“机会chance”的内容)C. 被修饰的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语。

The room was quite dark inside, so he made some candles to give light.

(candles做了to give light的动作,是不定式的逻辑主语)

注意:

1)如果不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way,不定式后面习惯上要省略介词。

He had no money and no place to live.

2)不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可用主动语态,又可用被动语态,但含义不同。如果修饰名词的不定式的动作是主语做的, 不定式用主动语态。

试比较:

?Have you anything to send?

?Have you anything to be sent?

3)不定式作定语多表示将来,而动词-ing形式表示正在进行或用途,过去分词则表示已经完成和被动。

a problem to be discussed tomorrow 明天要讨论的问题

a problem being discussed now 现在正讨论的问题

a problem discussed for thousands of years 已讨论多年的问题

6.作状语

A. 作修饰动词的目的状语

They ran over to welcome the students.

注意:不定式表示目的时前面可以加in order 或so as已示强调。

B. 作修饰动词的结果状语

1)不定式作结果状语常表示一种事先没有预料到的情况或结果,放在被修饰动词的后面。

What have I said to make you so angry?

2)有时为了进一步加强意料不到的语气,在表示结果的不定式前还可加only。

I went to see him only to find him out.

7.动词不定式常用句型:

(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事. 例句:It took me years of hard work to speak good English.

(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth

例: It was careless of Tom to break the cup.

(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择.

例句:We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus.

(4) …形容词/副词+enough to do sth.

例:I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa..

(5):…is/was/are/were+said/believe…+不定式,

如he is said to have gone abroad.

8 “疑问词+不定式”结构

疑问词who,what,which,when,where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语。

用所给词的适当形式填空:

When________(start) has not been decided.

9. only to do,never to do,only doing

only to do意为“结果却”;

never to do意为“结果却再没有”;

only doing意为“只是做”。

用所给词的适当形式填空:

①He was busy writing a story,only________(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.

②He hurried there,only ________(tell) the train had left.

③He left home,never________(hear) from.

10 with复合结构

with后面的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词(表主动)、过去分词(表被动)、不定式(表将来)。with复合结构在句中作原因或伴随状语,还可以作定语。

用所给词的适当形式填空:

①With a lot of homework ________(finish),I can't go with you.

②With a lot of homework ________(finish),I went home and had a rest.

③With a boy ________(help) us,we found the place

11独立主格结构

独立主格结构的构成:

①名词(代词)+现在分词(与前面构成主动关系);

②名词(代词)+过去分词(与前面构成被动关系);

③名词(代词)+不定式(表将来);

④名词(代词)+副词;

⑤名词(代词)+形容词;

⑥名词(代词)+介词短语;

⑦名词(代词)+名词。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

The test finished, we began our holiday.

There being no bus, we had to walk home.

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.

The villagers, most of them women and children, were killed that night.

完成下列句子:

②Time ________(permit)(=If time permits),we will go there.

③Time ________(give)(=If time is given),I will finish it alone.ace easily.

12.现在分词与过去分词的区别

现在分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时,与它所补充说明的名词之间是主动关系;而过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时,与它所补充说明的名词之间是被动关系。

①________(see) from the top of the hill,the people on the street look like ants. ________(see) the scene,the people on the street let out a cry of joy.

②The room________(face) south is our classroom. The room ________(paint) white is mine.

③When I returned,I found the door ________(lock). When I returned,I found him ________(watch) TV.

高中英语语法系列谓语动词

非谓语动词补充材料 1.不定式的构成 不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般 主动式被动式 一般式to do to be done 完成式to have done to have been done 进行式to be doing / 完成进行式to have been doing / 1) 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如:They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。 He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。 2)不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如: She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。 I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。 It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country. 对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。 3)不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如: It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好,这些天一直帮我们。 He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。 We didn’t expe ct you to be waiting for us here. 我们没料到你一直在这儿等我 4)不定式的完成进行式 如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作,就需要用完成进行式。如: They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years. 据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。 We are happy to have been helping each other these days. 我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。 5)动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如: Try not to be late again next time. 尽量下次不要再迟到。 He wished us never to meet her again. 他希望我们永远不要再见到她。 6)疑问词+动词不定式: 不定式和疑问词whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等动词后面作宾语,有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如: On hearing the news, he didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 听到这个消息,他不知道该哭还是该笑。 When to hold the meeting has not decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。 The most important problem is how to get so much money. 最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。 介词后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如: Mary gave some advice on how to learn English. 玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。 I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道该怎么做。 但是but和except后面可以跟不定式。如: He did nothing but wander on the street. 他除了在街上闲逛外,没有做什么。

【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案)

【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve 【答案】A 【解析】 宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。 2.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A.not finishing B.had not been finished C.not having finished D.not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:在这里,our work处在逗号位置,作整个句子的原因状语,这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以应该用过去分词,故选D。 考点:独立主格结构的考查 点评:独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 3.The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A.filling B.filled C.being filled D.to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方,充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组:be filled with被……充满,此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去分词做伴随状态,故选B。 4.Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe. A.made B.to make C.being made D.having made 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。

高中英语非谓语动词

语法复习十二:非谓语动词(一)——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样,应用广泛,且在句中起着很活跃的作用,也是语法项目中的重点和难点,学好非谓语动词,才能正确进行口语和书 it 所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。 (3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid,

pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street. (5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don’t think it right to do it that way. (6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. (7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语:Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式,表示“足能…”的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day. 4、疑问词+ 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem. 5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting. 6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am sorryto have kept you waiting.

非谓语动词之todo和ing的区别

非谓语动词之to do和ing的区别 一,作主语时的区别 不定式指较具体的行为 Ing表示抽象或者泛指的动作(但在实际应用常已经可以互换) 注意:两者都可以用it作形式主语,但结构不同 1)ing词it is + no using/no good/useless/ a waste of time + doing sth There is no + ing =it is impossible to do sth Eg.it’s no use waiting here. There is no telling why he did so.(there is no knowing/there is no persuading=it is impossible to persuade …) 2)to do 不定式 It is +adj(n)+(for sb)/(of sb) + to do sth

Eg. It is very difficult to drive in the mountains. It is a shame to say like that . 二,作表语时的区别 不定式强调一次具体动作 Ing强调抽象行为 三,作宾语 不定式agree decline 拒绝refuse offer promise choose decide determine attempt intend manage fail ask hope want tend expect desire wish seek plan prepare pretend learn mean dare arrange demand happen intend Ing 词admit stand appreciate avoid finish complete consider delay deny suggest enjoy escape forgive keep mind miss practise risk advise allow permit forbid 或者介词短语的宾语

高考英语语法:谓语动词

基础课程教学资料祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量 高考英语语法:谓语动词 总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态:英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量 1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下: 一般进行完成完成进行 现在do / doesam / is / are doinghave / has donehave / has been doing祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量 过去didwas / were doinghad donehad been doing 将来shall / will doshall / will be doingshall / will have doneX 祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量祝福您及家人身体健康、万事如意、阖家欢乐!祝福同学们快乐成长,能够取得好成绩,为祖国奉献力量 如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am /is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be 2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下: 一般进行完成完成进行 现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneX 过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been doneX 将来shall / will be doneXshall / will have been doneX 另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done 主动语态 在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态 一.一般现在时: 1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示 2.用法: ①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作 a. It is fine today. b. I am a student. c. I get up at six every day. d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his offic e. ②.表示客观事实或普遍真理 a. Japan is to the east of China. b. The sun rises in the east. c. A horse is a useful animal. ③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等 a. My train leaves at 6:30. b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow. ④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词 a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.

高中英语非谓语动词用法详解及练习(含答案详解)

非谓语动词 非谓语动词(一)——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用,所以叫做非谓语动词。 (一)动词不定式:动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如: (1)作主语:To help each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other. (2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up… 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。 (3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street. (5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don’t think it right to do it that way. (6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. (7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语:Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式,表示―足能…‖的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for

高中英语非谓语动词to do三

但含义不同。如果修饰名词的不定式的动作是主语做的,不定式用主动语态。 试比较: ?Haveyouanythingtosend? ?Haveyouanythingtobesent? 3)不定式作定语多表示将来,而动词-ing形式表示正在进行或用途,过去分词则表示已经完成和被动。 aproblemtobediscussedtomorrow明天要讨论的问题 aproblembeingdiscussednow现在正讨论的问题 aproblemdiscussedforthousandsofyears已讨论多年的问题 6.作状语 A.作修饰动词的目的状语 Theyranovertowelcomethestudents. 注意:不定式表示目的时前面可以加inorder或soas已示强调。 B.作修饰动词的结果状语 1)不定式作结果状语常表示一种事先没有预料到的情况或结果,放在被修饰动词的后面。WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoangry? 2)有时为了进一步加强意料不到的语气,在表示结果的不定式前还可加only。Iwenttoseehimonlytofindhimout. 7.动词不定式常用句型:? ?(1)?It?takes?/?took?/?will?take?sb.?some?time?/?money?to?do?sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.?? 例句:It?took?me?years?of?hard?work?to?speak?good?English.? (2)?It?is?+?adj?+for/of?sb?to?do?sth? 例:?It?was?careless?of?Tom?to?break?the?cup.? ?(3)?Sb.?have?/?has?/?had?no?choice?but?to?do...?某人除了做……别无选择.? 例句:We?had?no?choice?but?to?take?a?taxi?for?we'd?missed?the?last?bus.?? ?(4)?…形容词/副词+enough?to?do?sth.?? 例:I?was?fortunate?enough?to?travel?to?South?Africa.. (5):…is/was/are/were+said/believe…+不定式, 如he?is?said?to?have?gone?abroad.

高中英语谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别

谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 首先你要明白在一个英语的单句中只有一个谓语,那么你就要学会怎样划分英语句子中的结构。 先说下什么是单句,单句就是只有一个完整句子结构(句号才是整个句子结束的标志)的句子,没有连词和引导词(像and,what,where,这些的词都没有)。具体的单句结构(五个)就不用我说吧。 eg: ①I love my mother.就是一个单句。 ②English is my best subject which i like.这就是一个复合句(which引导的限制性定语从句),在主语中,english是主语,is是系动词,my best subject 是表语。在从句中(引导词后边的是从句),which作宾语指代subject(subject 是从句的先行词),I作主语,like在这里是行为动词(vt.)作谓语。 给你一个划分简单句结构的例子: eg:I like playing basketball. 这个句子中,I是主语,like是谓语,playing basketball是动名词做宾语,在宾语中playing是非谓语动词,因为我刚刚说过了,一个单句中只有一个谓语,所以like做了谓语,playing就一定是非谓语动词了。

现在和你说下最简单的分辨谓语和非谓语的方法:划分句子的结构。 每个句子首先找到主语,然后是谓语,谓语一般都会和主语靠近(有特殊的情况),那么除去谓语之外的其他动词,都是非谓语动词了。 谓语动词:有以下几种分类 ①行为动词:行为动词又可分为及物(vt.)与不及物(vi.) 那么vi.和vt.的区别可以通过造句的方式来确定。 及物动词:可直接接宾语。(如果不接宾语,那么句意会不完整) 不及物动词:不可以直接接宾语,需借用介词。 eg: I go to school by bus.(go不及物动词,但是和home连接时为go home)He drinks water.(drink是及物动词,中文翻译为他喝水,如果没有宾语water,就成了他喝,那他喝什么呢?句意就不完整了。) ②系动词:be动词(is,am,are,were,was)表主语状态,感官动词(hear,look,listen,tast,sound,appear,seem等),持续性动词(keep,stay,lie,remind等),变化动词(become,go,get,turn等)... ③情态动词:could,should,can,must,may等。

高一非谓语动词练习题.doc

非谓语动词专练 1. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. included; sitting 2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ in Beijing in 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics did. A. holding B. to be held C. held D. to be holding 3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain 4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly,____him a millionaire overnight. A. making B. makes C. to make D. made 5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____. A. to escape burning B. to escape being burned C. escaping burned D. escaping from burning 6. Taking this medicine, if _____, will of course do good to his health. A. continued B. to continue C. continues D. continuing 7. The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____. A. remaining; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remained; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well. A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D . Having considered 9. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon. A. Judged B. Judging C. Having judged D. To judge 10. —Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he? —Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____. A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance 11. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late. A. having been addressed B. to have addressed C. to have been addressed D. being addressed 12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, ____ all seven astronauts aboard.

非谓语动词口诀版精修订

非谓语动词口诀版 GE GROUP system office room 【GEIHUA16H-GEIHUA GEIHUA8Q8-

只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀: 喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事spend...doingsth.花费…做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做…imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事 错过建议保持介意值得考虑missdoingsth.错过做某事

keep(on)doingsth.保持(继续)做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事 介词+doing? begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣insistondoing坚持做某事beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某事betiredofdoingsth.厌烦做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事putoffdoing推迟做某事 stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事

thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事 What∕Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样 此to?非彼to lookforwardtodoingsth.(盼望)payattentiontodoingsth.(注意)beusedtodoingsth.(习惯于)preferdoingsthtodoingsth.(更喜欢)devotetodoingsth(致力于)makeacontributiontodoing(做贡献) 只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀: 决定想做计划需要同意,能做被用来做的事 decidetodosth.决定做某事 want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事

(新)高中英语语法总结-非谓语动词

非谓语动词 在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词) 不定式 一、不定式的作用 1、作主语不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。如: It took us two hours to finish the job. It is impossible for us to get there on time. It is very kind of you to help us. 注意:(1)其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。 (2)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is …to…的句型。试比较:It is to negate my own idea to believe him.(错) To believe him is to negate my own idea .(对) (3)It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中,当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时,用of, 否则用for. 2、作宾语 (1)动词+不定式。如: He managed to escape from the fire. I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语) 注:下列动词通常用不定式作宾语:want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等

【英语】高一英语非谓语动词试题(有答案和解析)及解析

【英语】高一英语非谓语动词试题(有答案和解析)及解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.(天津)I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A.to eat;to try B.eating;trying C.eating;to try D.to eat; trying 【答案】D 【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do(打算做),couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。 点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。 2.The man fell to the ground, his left foot_____ and blood ____ down from his mouth. A.breaking;running B.broken;running C.breaking ; run D.broken; run 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查独立主格结构。句意:那人摔倒在地,左脚骨折,血从嘴里往下流。当分词做状语的时候,如果分词的逻辑主语与句子主语没有关系,就在分词的前面直接加上逻辑主语,形成独立主格结构,该结构在作用上相当于一个状语从句。本句中的第一空的名词his left foot与动词break构成逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词。第二空的名词blood与动词run构成主动关系,故使用现在分词。故选B。 3. Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain. A.to cause B.cause C.causing D.caused 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:考查非谓语动词。causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意:连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式,危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。 考点:考查非谓语动词 4.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A.make B.turn C.get D.grow 【答案】A

第1讲非谓语动词:不定式(todo)的用法

非谓语动词不定式 非谓语动词——不定式不定式的2种形式 不定式在句子中的成分 say is easy and is hard. 主语主语To say is easy and is hard. To see is to believe. 主语

’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 形式主语真正主语该类形容词有: difficult/hard/important/possible/ adj. 修饰sth. j dj f b h 形式主语真正主语impossible/comfortable/necessary 等该类形容词有:adj. 修饰sb. ’s +adj. of sb. to do sth.类形容有 kind/nice/stupid/rude/clever/foolish/thoughtful/brave/considerate 等 It ’s interesting It ’s kind of you to help To see is to believe 表语 To see is to believe . 对于一个老师来说最重要的事 The most important thing for a 是公平地对待每个学生.The most important thing for a teacher is to treat every student equally. 三. 作宾语 The bird wants to find something to drink. 宾语 +不定式作宾语的动词有:三个希望两答应:hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求未拒绝:设法学会做决定:不需假装在选择p ,,,g ,p demand, ask, fail, refuse manage, intend, learn, decide, determine 不需假装在选择: desire, pretend, choose But the bird found it hard to find water. 主语+find/think +it + adj. + to do sth. 形式宾语 真正宾语 j 宾补 exercises. 主谓关系 advise, allow, ask, wish ll h want, get, order, tell, teach

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