专题Unit 4 Wildlife Protection 3 Grammar Writing
当把现在进行时的主动语态的句子变为被动语态时，往往在be动词后加上一个being来体现现在进行时，然后再把动词的现在分词形式变成过去分词来表示被动，即：be (am/is/are)＋being＋done。
一、现在进行时的被动语态的基本结构
?A new library is being built now. 一座新图书馆正在被修建。
?Some animals are not being protected well enough. 有些动物没有受到足够好的保护。
?Is the bridge being repaired now? 现在那座桥在修吗?
?What is being done on the new medicine? 正在这种新药物上做什么?
?How many bridges are being built in the town? 在这个镇里在建的桥有多少?
【思维延伸】
主动语态变被动语态的原则：
＂三变＂：主语变为by短语，宾语变为主语，谓语由主动变为被动；
＂三不变＂：原句意思不变，原句时态不变，原句主谓宾以外的成分不变。
?They are building nine parks.
→Nine parks are being built.
→How many parks are be ing built?
二、现在进行时的被动语态的基本用法
1. 表示正在进行或发生的被动动作，常与now, look等词连用。
2. 表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作，但这一被动动作在此时不一定正在发生。
3. 表示按计划、安排主语将要承受某个动作。
4. 表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为，常与always, forever, continually, constantly等词连用，
往往带有赞扬、责备、厌烦及埋怨等感情色彩。
?The life of the panda is being studied at present. 现在正在研究大熊猫的生活。
?Some rock music is being played by them next. 下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。
?Tom is always being praised by the teacher. 汤姆总是受到老师的表扬。
三、使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题
1. 在现在进行时的被动语态中，be(am/is/are)和being缺一不可，且位置不可互换。此结构若缺少being，则就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。试比较：
?The report is being written by one of the best students. 报告正在由一名最好的学生写着。
?The report is well written. 这个报告写得很好。(系表结构)
?My computer is being repaired now. 我的电脑现在正在被修理。(强调正在被进行)
2. 像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
?Something is being talked about among those people. 在那些人中正谈论着某件事情。
3. ＂be(am/is/are)+ under/in+n.＂有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。
?The school is still under construction now. =The school is being built now. 学校现在正在建设中。
?The new law is in use. =The new law is being used. 这项新法律正被使用。
4. 有些动词进行时的主动形式就可以表示被动的意思，常见的有print, cook, fry, bake, burn, hang 等。
?The house is burning. 房子着火了。
?The meat is cooking. 正在煮肉。
5. 有些表＂状态、心理活动、情感＂等的动词常用一般现在时的被动语态表示＂正在进行＂。
?You are wanted on the phone. 有人打电话找你。
?MP3 is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people. MP3越来越受欢迎，换句话说，它越来越受人们的喜爱。
6. 非延续性动词、表示存在意义、所属关系、静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。?It’s well-known that the Diaoyu Islands belong to China.众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。
将下列句子改为被动语态
1. He is drawing a picture in the office.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. The girl is repairing the window.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. Many people are watching the man performing.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. The dog is running after the beggar.
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. The manager is punishing the worker for his fault.
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. A picture is being drawn by him in the office.
2. The window is being repaired by the girl.
3. The man is being watched performing by many people.
4. The beggar is being run after by the dog.
5. The worker is being punished for his fault by the manager.
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. These milu deer are _____________________ (protect) in Nan Hai Zi Milu Park, in Beijing.
2. He must _______________________ (praise) by our teacher at this time.
3. Look! People ________________________ (save) from the train buried under the snow.
4. ________ the meeting ___________________ (hold) in the hall now?
5. This work _____________________ (not do) at present.
6. The writer and teacher ________ ________ ________ (give) a warm welcome now.
7. The meeting ________ ________ (hold) now is of great importance.
8. The plan he made a few days ago ________ ________ ________ ________ (carry out) now.
9. The children, who lost their parents in the terrible earthquake, ________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________ (take good care of) by some welfare organizations.
10. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch bicycles ________ ________ (repair). Ⅱ.单句改错
1. Our children is being looked after by their teachers.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. The milk is been produced in the factory now.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. The plan is being talked by our classmates.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. An idea was come into being.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. The beautiful painting is being appreciating.
_____________________________________________________________________
6. A new cinema is built here. They hope to finish it next month.
_____________________________________________________________________
7. The project is being discussing at the meeting.
_____________________________________________________________________
8. A new film is be shown in the theater.
_____________________________________________________________________
9. The little dog is being looked by the boy.
_____________________________________________________________________
10. A study about the problem of water pollution is conducted by these two scientists now.
_____________________________________________________________________
III. 完成句子
1. Don’t make any noise. Her mother ________ ________ ________ (正在体检) by a doctor. (examine)
2. The drivers are told that the road ________ ________ ________ (正在修理中). (repair)
3. It is reported that a new airport in Kunming which ________ ________ ________ (正在建设中)
falls down. (build)
4. He noticed that he ________ ________ ________ (有人跟踪) by a strange man when he was walking
in the street. (follow)
5. The cause of the accident ________ ________ ________ ________ (正在调查中) so you needn’t
worry.(look into)
6. 目前，大量的食品、饮用水、帐篷和药品正从全国和世界其他地区运往地震灾区。
At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine _______________________ from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.
7. 别说话好吗？现在正播放天气预报，我想听听。
Would you please keep silent？The weather report _______________________ and I want to listen.
8. 看！外国客人们正在由张先生带着参观工厂。
Look! The foreign guests ________________________ around the factory by Mr. Zhang.
9. 由于汽车正在修理，我得骑自行车上班。
I have to go to work by bike because my car ________________________.
10. 这个县正在修多少座桥？
How many bridges ________________________ in the county?
I. 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sharks have lived in the world’s oceans for millions of years. A shark has a very good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. These powerful senses help sharks find their food. 1 Sharks grow slowly. About forty percent of all sharks lay eggs. 2 Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies as humans do. Some sharks are not able to reproduce until they are twenty years old. Most reproduce only every two years. And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks. For this reason, over-fishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal.
3 They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great. This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.
People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin. Experts say the international market for some kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are
valuable. 4 Shark liver oil is a popular source of Vitamin. The skin of a shark can be used like leather. In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins. Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of money for even one kilogram of shark fins.
Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth. 5 If too many sharks in one area are killed, the group of sharks may never return to normal population levels.
A. The others give birth to their young.
B. Sharks are important for the world’s oceans.
C. This is a threat to other forms of life in the ocean.
D. Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the jaws of a shark.
E. But some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth.
F. Sharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them.
G. Sharks eat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean.
II. 书面表达
现在野生动物的数量正在逐年减少，有的物种甚至有灭绝的危险。请以＂We should protect the wildlife＂为题写一篇保护野生动物的短文。内容包括如下要点：
1. 野生动物现在面临的危险处境；
2. 造成这一现象的原因是什么；
3. 我们该如何保护野生动物。
要求：词数在120左右，开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature reserve；灭绝extinction；栖息地habitat
We should protect the wildlife
At present, the number of wild animals has decreased rapidly, and some species are even facing the danger of extinction. __________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
1. (2017·江苏)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.
A. was being followed
B. was following
C. had been followed
D. followed
2. (2017·北京) In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless
phones ___________ yet.
A. haven’t invented
B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented
D. hadn’t been invented
3. (2013·北京)—So what is the procedure?
—All the applicants _____________ before a final decision is made by the authority.
A. interview
B. are interviewing
C. are interviewed
D. are being interviewed
4. (2012·重庆)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ____________. We must act immediately
before there’s none left.
A. have run out
B. are running out
C. have been run out
D. are being run out
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
7. being held 8. is being carried out
9. are being taken good care of 10. being repaired
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. is→ are
2. been→ being
3. talked后加about
4. was come→ came
5. appreciating→ appreciated
6. is后加being
7.discussing→ discussed 8. be→ being
9. looked后面加after 10. is后加being
III. 完成句子
1. is being examined
2. is being repaired/is under repair
3. is being built
4. was being followed
5. is being looked into
6. are being transported
7. is being broadcasted 8. are being shown
9. is being repaired 10. are being built
I. 七选五
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鲨鱼的习性及对维持海洋生态平衡的重要性，并警告人们鲨鱼现在已处于濒临灭绝的境地。
3. B 【解析】根据本空后的＂This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the
oceans. ＂可知，鲨鱼能够维持海洋的生态平衡，故B项正确。
4. D 【解析】根据本空后的＂Shark liver oil is a popular source of Vitamin. The skin of a shark
can be used like leather. In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins.＂可知，鲨鱼的器官、皮在市场上非常受欢迎，故D项符合语境。
5. E 【解析】根据本空后的＂If too many sharks in one area are killed, the group of sharks may
never return to normal population levels.＂可知，此处是说现在很多鲨鱼都濒临灭绝，故E项正确。
II. 书面表达
We should protect the wildlife
At present, the number of wild animals has decreased rapidly, and some species are even facing the danger of extinction. It is man who has destroyed their habitat. If a large number of wild animals die out, we will break the balance of nature. In turn, we will be punished by nature.
Wild animals are our friends. We should try our best to protect them. Measures should be taken as follows. First, try to tell everyone it is our duty to protect wild animals. Second, nature reserves should be set up to make their living conditions comfortable. Third, laws should be made to forbid all those illegal deeds done to wild animals. Fourth, the government should encourage ecologists to do much scientific research into the wildlife.
Let’s take immediate action to do what we can to protect the wildlife.
1. A 【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排
除B、D；根据句意＂在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪＂，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。
4. B 【解析】句意：供应洪灾地区的食物快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。run out是不及
物动词词组，不能用于被动语态，排除C、D；由第二句中的before there’s none left可知, run out是将要发生的动作，应用将来时。have run out是现在完成时，表示动作的完成；are running out是进行时，可以表将来，故选B。
Writing: 如何写建议信
1. 概念：
建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。
2. 分类：
(1)建议信有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点。
(2)建议信也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。
3. 内容安排：
(1)首段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。
(2)主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。
(3)结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，要注意有礼貌，使读者容易接受。
4. 语言特征：
提出的理由要入情入理，一定要有礼貌。因此建议信要写得简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。【写作策略】
1. 建议信写作注意事项
建议信的写作目的是提出建议或忠告，不是投诉信。观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。
2. 写作方法
①首段：
a. 简介自己，不要罗嗦；
b. 说明目的，注意语气。
②主体：
a. 提出具体建议；
b. 首先肯定优点，再写改进内容，否则会变成投诉信；
c. 经常进行交流，注意对方感受，时时提到你和我，否则容易跑题写成议论文。
③尾段：总结建议，注意礼貌，使对方易于接受。
3. 写作流程图
【亮点句式】
一、建议信开头常用句式：
1. I am sorry to know that…
2. I am very glad to hear that you want to…
3. I know you have trouble in…
4. I am writing to you for the purp ose of…
5. In my personal opinion, it would be wise of you to take the following action.
二、建议信主体段落常用句式，给出建议：
1. first, firstly, secondly... then, after that, in the end, finally, meanwhile...
2. I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
三、建议信结尾常用句式：
1. I believe you will take my advice into account.
2. I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.
3. I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
写作模板
Dear________,
You have asked me for my advice with regard to________________, and I will try to make some conducive suggestions here.
In my opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions: ________________(建议的内容).
I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.
Good luck with your________________(祝愿).
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
高一英语必修一知识点最新归纳5篇 高中阶段学习难度、强度、容量加大，学习负担及压力明显加重，不能再依赖初中时期老师“填鸭式”的授课，“看管式”的自习，“命令式”的作业，要逐步培养自己主动获取知识、高一英语必修一知识点总结1 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1. 一般现在时am/is/are + 过去分词 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时was/were + 过去分词 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时had + been + 过去分词 注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their qu estions haven’t got answered.
Unit 1 友谊 P2 Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢?安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。 安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚，令人伤心的是，我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 第二单元世界上的英语 P9 Reading 通向现代英语之路 16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子：英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓(flat)里来看看，好吗?”美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓(apartment)去。” 那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢?事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了。因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到了19世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语了。 最后，到20世纪，英语才真正定形。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先，塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》，后者体现了
（英语）高二英语将来完成时(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题 一、单项选择将来完成时 1．He _________ English for eight years by the time he graduates from the university next year. A．will learn B．will have learned C．will be learning D．has graduated 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态：句意：明年到他大学毕业的时候为止，他将已经学习英语8年了。By+将来时间，和将来完成时连用，选B。 考点：考查时态 2．—May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight? —I’m sorry. Mr. Williams ________ to a conference long before then. A．would have gone B．had gone C．will have gone D．has gone 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：-----今晚五点我可以和你的经理威廉先生说话吗？-----对不起。在那以前他将已经去开会啦。根据上下文可知before then指的是before five o’clock tonight ＂到今晚五点之前＂，所以用将来完成时，表示将来某个时间将已经做某事。故选C。 3．—Tony, it seems that you have been very busy all the time. What do you think of your occupation now? —Just so-so. I’ve dec ided to quit my job in the company next month, where I ____ for five years. A．work B．had worked C．will be working D．will have worked 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态。句意：—Tony，似乎你总是很忙啊！你认为现在的职业怎么样？—一般化，我决定下个月辞去公司里的这份工作，那时我在这里已经工作了5年了。根据句意可知后面的定语从句中指下个月的时候，已经在这里工作了5年了，所以使用将来完成时表示到将来的某个时间已经完成的事情。故D正确。 考点：考查时态 4．By the time you finish the book, you ______ more about Chinese history. A．will learn B．have learnt C．are learning D．will have learnt 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意：当你读完这本书后，你将会了解到更多的中国历史。根据状语从句中的一
高考英语过去完成时及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．—He’s got our tickets. —That’s good I ________afraid that he ________them. A．am; has forgotten B．was; had forgotten C．was; forget D．am; will forget 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态：--他拿了我们的票。--太好了，我原来害怕他忘了。因为现在知道他没忘，所以是原来害怕他忘了，第一空用一般过去式was，主句用一般过去式，从句用相应的过去时，排除D，用过去完成时，选B。 考点：考查时态 2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheated B．being questioned; was cheating C．questioned; had cheated D．being questioned; has cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。 3．Father ________ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him. A．has left B．left C．had left D．was leaving 【答案】C 【解析】 分析句子，由于后半句用的是一般过去式，故根据意思可知前半句的事是发生在后半句之前，故用过去完成时，故选C。句意：父亲在我回来之前已经去出差了，所以我没有见到他。 4．When we _______the railway station, the train _______for 5 minutes．
精心整理U1 addsth.up把……加起来 addsth.tosth.把……加到/进……里 addupto加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) Concerningsth=Regardingsth关于，某事 gothroughahardtime经历了一段困难时期 gothroughthebaggage检查行李 gothroughthenewspaper浏览报纸 gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多钱
setdowntheideasonpaper把想法写在纸上setmedownatthebus-stop在车站让我下车aseriesof onpurpose=bydesign故意 byaccident=bychance偶然，碰巧 sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病sufferfromloneliness因孤独而痛苦sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒 遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等) sufferaheavyloss遭受严重损失
sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡 sufferern.受苦者 sufferingn.痛苦,苦难 recoverfromillness betiredof(doing)sth厌烦做某事 betiredfrom(doing)sth因做某事很累 Tellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.本该做却没做Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoug hts?定语从句 HerfamilywasJewishsonearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered. abouteverythingtodowithnature.不定式作后置定语
Unit 1 Lifestyles Warm-up Tapescript 1 Football player: Being famous isn’t easy, you know. I travel a lot – I have matches in different countries. But my job is exciting, very exciting! I love the matches, the people cheering, know what I mean? 2 Student: My dad says these are the best days of my life –but I’m not so sure! You know, I’ve got lots of work to do and there’s not much time really. I also play football for the school team and we have to do training three nights a week. 3 Shepherd: I love the animals and I love nature. It’s peaceful, and there’s no one to tell me what to do. But it’s not so good when the weather’s bad! 4 Business manager: I’m very busy, and I don’t have time to see my husband and children. Mmmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose. I mean, I have to deal with lots of money. But I find it really exciting. 1 A Perfect Day? A Couch Potato Forty-three-year-old Brian Blakey from Birmingham is sitting on his sofa and telling me about his perfect day.
高中英语人教版必修一知识点总结 Unit 1 Friendship Unit 2 English around the world Unit 3 Tracel journal Unit 4 Earthquakes Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero 第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添 add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。 add to 增加，扩建。 add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物 cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表 take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅 as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用 share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息 share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰 trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖 trust that… 希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 7）concern
高中英语必修一课后答案 【高一英语必修1 Unit 3 Travel Journal 课本答案及解析】 答案不重要，学到知识才重要。 【P20】 Ex.1 1. persuade; 2. determined; 3. is fond of; 4. cares about; 5. prefer; 6. organized; 7. fare; 8. cycle Ex.2 1. give in 2. liked; better 3. determined; 4 item; 5. Journey; 6. Journal; 7. shorting; 8. made up his mind Ex.3 glacier, valley, waterfall, rapids, plain, delta
【P56】 Ex.1 1. bend (v.); bend(n.) 2. view (n.); view (v.) 3. flows (v.); flow (n.) 4. transport (v.); transport (n.) 5. forecast (v.); forecast (n.) 6. pace (n.); pace (v.) Ex.2 graduated, schedule, attitude, forecast, As usual, insurance, parcels Ex.3 1. It was midnight when he found the cave. 2. On that mountain lies a temple at an altitude of more than 3,000 metres above sea level.
教学过程 一、课堂导入 时态在高考中，单选会考1至2题，完形填空里面对副词的考查也是比较多的，所以也是需要好好掌握的语法点。 二、复习预习
复习上一单元的知识点之后，以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目，再老师没有讲解的情况下，让学生独立思考，给出答案与解释，促进学生发现问题，同时老师也能发现学生的盲点，并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 三、知识讲解 知识点1：现在完成时：构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词
用法： 1）过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，句中常有already, just, never, ever, lately, recently, , in the past+一段时间，so far等状语 2）、从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态 3）、用在时间、条件从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前完成 4）、“最高级+名词”或“It is the + 序数词+ time”后的定语从句中。 5）、应用现在完成时应注意： 瞬间动词用于完成时表示一个动作的结束，不能和“for…”或“since…”连用，但它们的否定形式可以连用。如： We have not heard from him for ten days.我们已经十天没他的消息了。 另外，如果把瞬间动词转变成相应的持续动词，就可和“for…”或“since…”连用。
知识点2：现在完成进行时：构成：主语+ have/has + been +动词的现在分词 用法： 表示动作从过去一个时间开始，一直延续到现在，强调在此阶段时间里，动作一直在进行。 ⑴、过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作
英语高中过去完成时练习题 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ______ some European partners． A．would meet B．is meeting C．meets D．had met 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态。不定式动作to have arrived说明发生在过去，定语从句met发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。句意：据说经理已经从巴黎回来了，在那里他会见了一些欧洲伙伴。故D正确。 考点：考查时态 2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheated B．being questioned; was cheating C．questioned; had cheated D．being questioned; has cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。 3．The boy _____ loudly because he _____ his way in the jungle and thought he couldn’t go back home. A．had cried; lost B．has cried; has lost C．cried; had lost D．cried; has lost 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：因为在从中中迷路认为不能回家所以小男孩大声地哭起来。迷路这个动作发生在大哭之前，故用过去完成时，故选C项。
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High 1 How’s it going? = How is everything recently? 2 cover：包含，包括●be covered with 被……覆盖 3 at the end of …在……结束的时候Eg : Class 5 is at the end of the corridor. ●in the end = at last 最后，终于（一般时态）Eg: I am sure I will win in the end. ●by the end of …到……为止(后用完成时态) Eg :①By the end of this term, we will have learnt two English books. ②By the end of last year, we had finished our task. ●end up with 以……告终 4 receive 客观上收到; accept 主观上收到Eg :I received his invitation but did not accept it. 5 divide：划分，把整体分为若干部分Eg :The world is divide into five continents. ※比较separate：分隔，把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来 6 表参加活动的短语： take part in + 活动join the party join in the game attend + the meeting 7. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing. 表示“吃惊”的几个单词： ◆surprise指“由于出乎意料而感到惊异或诧异”。Eg: His coming surprised me. ◆astonish指“由于出乎意料而又不能理解而感到吃惊”，语意较强。 Eg: I was astonished to see he got up so early. ◆amaze指“由于认为似乎不可能或极少可能发生的事的出现而感到大为诧异、迷惑不解”， 语意较强。Eg :I was amazed at his confidence. 8. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. as … as…表示“和……一样……”。Eg: My book is as interesting as yours. 9. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Mr. Shen. called Ms Shen在此作定语。 10. We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. (1) 表示“方法、办法”的几个单词： ◆method作可数名词，指（系统的、逻辑的）方法、办法。后面常接of + 动名词，不接不定 式）；作不可数名词，指秩序，条理，规律。 Eg :①He is a man of having accurate and strict methods. ②We must get some method into our office filling. ◆way为可数名词，后接不定式或of + 动名词。 Eg :①We must find a way to solve this kind of problem. ②The normal way of carrying out such a kind plan is very difficult. ◆means单复数形式相同，其前有a, one, this, that, every等有时表单数意义，其前有such, these, those, all等有时表复数意义，其多指抽象或概括性的含义，后可接不定式，也可接of + 动名词/名词。Eg: There is no means of finding out what happened. (2) nothing like + n./pron. ◆完全不像，一点也不像Eg :She’s nothing like her mother. ◆没有什么能赶得上Eg :There’s nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested. 11. I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class! Think表示意见和看法，其后的宾语从句中的否定词not被移到主句中，该现象被称为“否定转移”。类似的动词还有：expect, believe, suppose, imagine等。 Eg :①I don’t suppose that she will be back until night.
必修1 Module 1 My First Day at Senior High My name is Li Kang. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing. It is the capita l city of Hebei Province. Today is my first day at Senior High school andI 'm writing down my thoughts about it. My new school is very good and I can see why. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing. Every room has a computer with a speci al screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teachers write on the computer, and th eir words appear on the screen behind them. The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites. They' rberilliant! The English class is really interesting. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman cal led Ms Shen.We' reusing a new textbook and MsShen'm s ethod of teaching is nothin g like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. She thinks that reading comprehe nsion is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. And we have fun.dIon't t hink I wi ll be bored in Ms Shen'c s lass! Today we introduced ourselves to each other. We did this in groups. Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. Ms S hen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves. Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a fu n way, with spelling games and other activities. I like her attitude very much, and the behavior of the other students shows that they like her, too. There are sixty-five stude nts in my class—more tha n my previous class in Junior H igh. Forty-nine of them are girls. In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys. They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys, but in this class, e veryone is hard-working. For our homework tonight, we have to write a description of the street where we live.I 'm looking forward to doing it! A Letter from a Senior High Student Dear Li Kang, How's it going? I thought I 'w d rite to tell you about the American school system. Sec ondary school in the US usually covers seven years, grades six to twelve. Ninth to twe lfth grades are high school. At the end of twelfth grade, American students receive the high school diploma. Students need a high school diploma if they want to go to colle ge. The school year is divided into two semesters, the first of which is September thro ugh December, and the second January through May. We have a LONG summer vacat ion! We start school at 7:50 am and we finish at 3 pm. I take part in all kinds of after-school activities —play football, basketball, volley ball, table tennis and I go to theater club. Will you tell me something about your summer vacation and the Chinese school sy stem in your next letter? Best wishes, Rob Marshall Module 2 My New Teachers They say that first impressions are very important. My first impression of Mrs. Li was that she was nervous and shy. I think perhaps she was, as it was her first lesson with u s. But now, after two weeks, the class really likes working with her.She'k s ind and pat ient, and she expla ins En glish grammar so clearly that eve n I can un dersta nd it!She avoids
I. 一般过去时 一般过去时：在过去发生的动作，现在已经结束。 基本用法： 1.过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 表示过去时间的时间状语：last+时间、时间+ago、yesterday、just now、the other day、once upon a time、at that time、then 2. 表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，可与频度副词always、usually、often等连用。 表示过去的习惯性动作，除了用动词过去式外，还可以用used to do sth、would do sth 3.表示说话人始料未及的事情 I didn’t know it was you. I never thought you would bring me a gift. 4.宾语从句时态：主现从、主过从 5.表示已去世者的情况或过去的历史。 II. 现在完成时 一．基本结构： 助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二．句型： 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 三．用法 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago
高中英语过去完成时技巧和方法完整版及练习题 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．Grandpa was shocked by the news. Rarely ______ him so quiet. A．do I see B．had I seen C．I had seen D．I saw 【答案】B 【解析】 本句中的rarely很少，是一个表示否定意义的词，放在句首的时候，后面的主句要使用部分倒装。句意：听到这个消息爷爷很惊讶。我很少看见他如此安静。根据句意可知是在这之前，我很少看见他如此安静，现在的情况已经使用了一般过去时，在这之前要使用过去完成时。故B正确。 2．That was the first time I _____to Hongkong so I had great difficulty _____the hotel. A．went, finding B．had gone, to find C．have been, found D．had been, finding 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意：这是我第一次来香港，所以我找旅馆有点困难。固定短语：have difficulty doin g sth“做某事有困难”，排除BC选项。句型：it is the first time that+从句“这是第一次做某事”如果主句谓语是is，则that从句用现在完成时态；如果是was 则that从句则用过去完成时，选D。 考点：考查固定句型和短语 3．She _________the sign language before she served as a volunteer to help the deaf. A．learns B．has learned C．was learning D．had learned 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：她作为一名志愿者来帮助聋人之前已经学习了手语。由句意可知，学习手语在做一名志愿者之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选D。 考点: 考查动词时态的用法。 4．Father ________ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him. A．has left B．left C．had left D．was leaving 【答案】C 【解析】 分析句子，由于后半句用的是一般过去式，故根据意思可知前半句的事是发生在后半句之前，故用过去完成时，故选C。句意：父亲在我回来之前已经去出差了，所以我没有见到
Unit1 Friendship重点词语、句子 be good to 对….友好 add up 合计 another time 改时间 get sth done 使…被做 calm down 镇定下来 have got to 不得不 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 go through 经历；仔细检查 hide away 躲藏；隐藏 set down 放下；记下 a series of 一系列；一套 be crazy about 对…着迷 on purpose 故意 in order to/ so as to 为了 face to face 面对面地 according to 按照；根据…所说 get along with 与…相处 pack up 收拾，打理行装 have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见；做…有困难 fall in love 相爱 throw away the friendship 放弃/终止友谊 try out 试验；试用 join in 参加（活动） communicate with sb 和…交际 far and wide 到处 look to sth 注意，留心某事 cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的习惯 be ignorant of 无知的 1. I wonder if…我想知道是否…. 2. It’s because…这是因为…. 此从句中because不能用since或as 代替 3. What do you think a good friend should be like? 你认为一个好朋友应该是什么样的呢？ 4. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. =While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗时，你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子，结果狗被车撞了。 （当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。） 5. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？ 6. I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我已经很久不能去户外，所以我变得对自然界的所有东西都很感兴趣。 7. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。 8. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 9. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。（I would be grateful if…委婉客气提出请求） 10. It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 记日记对你来说是个好习惯。