当前位置:文档之家› CIF术语与FOB术语的比较和运用论文(全英)

CIF术语与FOB术语的比较和运用论文(全英)

CIF术语与FOB术语的比较和运用论文(全英)
CIF术语与FOB术语的比较和运用论文(全英)

毕业论文设计

课题名称: Comparison Between CIF Term And FOB Term

学生姓名:Jacquelinechan

学生学号:XXXXXX

系别:外语系

专业:商务英语

年级:XXXXX

层次:大学本科

指导老师:XXX

设计日期:2010 3月

Comparison Between CIF Term And FOB Term

Abstract

Nowadays trade terms have play an important role in the international trade affairs. There is a strong bond among the terms agreed upon both sides and the responsibilities between two trading partners. Then CIF trade term and FOB trade term is adopted and supported by international merchants more and more popular in recently. This thesis will introduce some corresponding functions and responsibilities of CIF term and FOB term in details and there will be a comparison between FOB term and CIF term according to the international situation.

Keywords: International .trade affairs .trade terms . CIF .FOB

中文摘要

现今贸易术语在国际贸易实务中扮演着极其重要的角色,它紧密联系着双方贸易的条件与责任。而CIF术语和FOB术语在近期受到了越来越多国际贸易商家的采用和支持,本论文将对CIF和 FOB术语的对应功能与责任作一个详细的介绍并结合当今世界发展形势对两者作相关比较。

关键词:国际贸易实务贸易术语 CIF术语FOB术语

Catalog

1.Introduction

1.1 trade terms

2.FOB term and CIF term

2.1 What is FOB

2.2 What is CIF

2.3 The responsibility both two parties under FOB term and CIF term

https://www.doczj.com/doc/c116542919.html,paring with FOB term and CIF term, study how to choose the appropriate trade terms in international trade affairs.

3.1 About charges

3.2 About the right of booking space

3.3 About insurance

3.4 About delivery types

3.5 About risk

3.6 How to choose CIF term and FOB term

3.61 From the perspective of exportation

3.62 From the perspective of importation

3.63 Nowadays the trend in international trade

4.Concultion

1.Introduction

1.1 trade terms

First of all, getting a good understanding of trade terms Is very important for people to read this thesis more clearly. So now I will introduce something about trade terms. In international trade ,price term lies at the core of the terms and conditions of a contract and often results in some of the key problem for which an exporter and an importer have to strive. What’s more, sending goods from one country to another, as part of a commercial transaction, can be a risky business. If they are lost or damaged, or if delivery does not take place for some other reasons, the climate of confidence between the parties may degenerate to the point where a lawsuit is brought. Thus, the pricing problem an exporter and an importer deal with is far more complicated than that in domestic trade. Besides the cost covered in the calculation of export price , the price quotation in export trade should also indicate which party is to bear the expenses of freightage , insurance and other relevant charges, and which party is to bear the risks in case of the goods being damaged. In order to complete their deals successfully, the sellers and the buyers in international contracts had better, at the very beginning of the deal, make clear to each other their respective obligations and find the full expression of those in the trade terms. There is no doubt that under no circumstance can a buyer get a quotation without trade terms in international trade. Trade terms are short terms and abbreviations which

are used to explain the price composition, to define the method of delivery of the goods sold, to indicate which party bears the freight, insurance and other relevant charges, and assume the liability in case damage or loss of the goods occurs. Trade terms ensure both exporter and importer know their own responsibility. In foreign trade, there are various prices for the same commodity. Granting that the cost of a certain commodity is the same ex-factory, the prices quoted by the seller will vary with the point of delivery. For example, in the case of a contract based on CIF terms as “CIF London”stated above, that means the seller bears all the cost, fright and insurance up to the named port of destination, here, “London”

2.FOB term and CIF term

2.1 What is FOB

As one of the important trade terms. FOB term is frequently used in international trade. Thus it is quite necessary to know the exact meaning of it. According to Incoterms 2000, we can know that FOB is short for Free on Board. It stipulates that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship’s rail at the named port of shipment. At the same time, this means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

2.2 What is CIF

According to Incoterms 2000. CIF is short for Cost, Insurance and Freight. That means the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination but the risk of loss

of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship’s rail at the port of the shipment. In addition, the seller has to procure marine insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should note that under CIF term the seller is only required to obtain insurance on minimum coverage. The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

2.3 The responsibility both two parties under FOB term and CIF term

About the responsibility both two parties under FOB term and CIF term, I will not make a detail statement here, and I think a form maybe more suitable for people to get a good understanding about them. Let’s see the form as follow:

https://www.doczj.com/doc/c116542919.html,paring with FOB term and CIF term, study how to choose the appropriate trade terms in international trade affairs.

In different case trader may choose different terms. Just like FOB term and CIF term, whether trader can choose a right term or not is important for a deal.

3.1 About charges

Comparing with FOB term, the point for division of risk of CIF term is the port of discharge.

3.2 About the right of booking space

About the right of booking space, the right is controlled by the seller and they can choose the named carrier and ship under CIF term. But under FOB term. The buyer takes charge of the booking space.

So, in fact, the seller has to wait for the ship which is named by the buyer , in addition , the goods have to be checked by the carrier before

shipment.

3.3 About insurance

Under CIF term, the seller has to procure marine insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. Furthermore the buyer should note that the seller is only required to obtain insurance on minimum coverage. If the buyer wants another higher insurance coverage, he should make a deal with the seller definitely, and make another arrangement for the extra premium. But under FOB term, the seller has no responsibility to cover insurance;

the buyer should cover insurance by themselves. If the goods are loss of or damaged before pass the ship’s rail at the named port of shipment, the seller should bear all the losses because the goods didn’t pass the ship’s rail. Although the seller enjoys the insurable interest, but he is not the named person of the insurance policy which the buyer holds and they can’t prove the relation with the insurer. At the same time, the buyer holds the insurance policy, but he is not enjoy ownership of the goods, So he also has not enough conditions to claim for the insurer. Under this situation, the goods absolutely haven’t any guarantee. So we can know that if under CIF term, the trader can avoid those problem .Cause firstly, the seller covers insurance.

Secondly, the seller holds the insurance policy. Thirdly, the seller enjoys ownership of the goods, he is provided with the insurable interest, he has the right to claim for the insurer.

3.4 About delivery types

About delivery types, it is symbolic delivery under CIF term. And FOB term is actual delivery. Symbolic delivery means that as seller

finish the shipment at the named place in available time , and shows some related documents including documents of title to the goods to the buyer compliance with the contract, the seller fulfills the obligations of delivery, and he needn’t make sure whether the goods are arrival or not. Then, actual delivery is the seller should delivers the goods according to the contract to the buyer or named people at the named place on specified time. he cannot make the documents replaces the goods. Under symbolic delivery the seller delivers the goods according to the documents. The buyer pays for the goods according to the documents. As the seller provides all the documents fit the stipulations of the contract, the buyer should pay for the goods even though the goods are losing or damaged during transportation. So under CIF term the seller should try their best to provide some documents for the buyer as soon as possible when the goods are took onto the ship. In addition , the documents should be available, then also require they are valid and have legal effect, otherwise, the buyer has right to reject the goods and claim for the seller according to the contract , at the same time , the bank will not take charge of that.

3.5 About risk

Risk is an important part of the international trade. The trader should make a consideration about risk when they decide to use CIF or FOB. Everybody knows that business including risk. If one people want to run a business, that means he should have brave to bear risk. Especially in international trade, the situation is more complicated, the trader may meet more risks. Under FOB term as the buyer controls the right of booking space, the seller may face fraud risk if the buyer hand in glove with the shipping company which he named. The seller may lose the goods and money at the same time. In addition, cause FOB term values cooperation both two parties. There is a problem of booking space, the seller take the goods

to the named port of shipment. The buyer takes charge of booking ship, if one of the parties has some problem. That will bought much losses to anther party. Furthermore, the trader should pay attention cause that the buyer has right to booking space. So the seller is the passive party, if the market has some fluctuation. The buyer may take action to delay shipment to lead to the letter of credit out of date. And unwilling to fulfill the contract, or lower the price with a new negotiation. And under CIF term, as the seller have right to booking space. So also exists some problems just like the seller will hand in glove with the shipping company. What’s more, a sharp character of CIF term is symbolic delivery. The seller delivers the goods according to documents. When after the buyer pays for the goods, the seller may disappear.

3.6 How to choose CIF term and FOB term

3.61 From the perspective of exportation

If the trader chooses FOB term to export, it seems that he can save much time; he needn’t book space and needn’t find an insurance company to cover his goods. But at the same time, it may cause a lot of problems. The exportation under CIF term. At first, exporter may transfer some benefits to importer which he can get from booking space. On the one hand, it will cause a loss to economy, on the other hand, freight forwarder from export state may lose some economic benefits of transportation, do not good to the development of freight forwarder. In addition, if the exporter loses his right of transport, that will provide a way for importers and freight forwarder which from other countries to deceive the exporter.

If the trader choose CIF term to export. Under CIF term, the seller has right to book space and look for an insurance company to cover the goods which he believes. So the exporter may have more guarantee and

flexible time. Firstly, the seller can make an arrangement for shipment according to their rate of progress. If there something wrong with one shipping company, the seller can find another one to instead. There’s no doubt that this term can reduce the risk and save more time and money for shipment. Secondly, the sellers can really controls the goods. Under CIF term, the sellers will find some famous and familiar shipping company which with a good reputation, that can evade some moral hazard. In transportation, reduce the risk of discharging goods without bill of lading. Even though some situation will occur just like the documents are not fit or the buyer do not pay for the goods, the seller will not lose their goods and money in the end. Thirdly, increasing the flexibility of the international trade. When the price of the goods are getting more higher and higher, the sellers under CIF term in order to avoid import goods for manufacturers during the price spike, they may delay the time of shipment. On the contrary, if the price is declining, the seller under CIF term can import goods from supplier with a low price, booking space and pay for the goods in a short time as soon as possible. Finally, the seller can make a shipment at once when the goods are prepared, that can save the money and time. Thus, the seller chooses CIF term to export can guarantee his benefits and reduce the risk.

3.62 From the perspective of importation

The trader may get more benefits when they use FOB term to import. Firstly, the importer control the right of booking space, that can preclude the seller hands in glove with the carrier. Secondly, even though it’s still cash against payment. But cause the carriage contract is signed by the buyer, so lots of matters will be considered in all aspect. Actually the buyer will find some carriers with a good ability and reputation before he signs a contract. The goods will be transported more

safely by a carrier which is named by the buyer. Thirdly, as the import should cover insurance and pay for the premium under FOB term. So it there are some risk of loss of or damage to the goods during transportation, the buyer can claim for the insurance company according to the contract which he has covered, and avoid losing his money and goods. Furthermore, under FOB term, the buyer will has enough comparison of different shipping company, and signs a contract with a carrier who he believes. On the one hand that can save money; on the other hand, the goods can get a good guarantee. So if the trader chooses FOB term to import. That will be good for the importer and facilitate the development of traffic agent of the import state.

If the trader chooses CIF term to import, that means the seller has right to book space and covers insurance. Maybe it’s convenient to the buyer and will save much time, but at the same time, the buyer will become the passive party in transportation. For example, the seller chooses a shipping company which with a bad reputation, the carrier may let the ship calls at some unnecessary port during transportation on purpose in order to increase the freight of transportation. When the goods arrival, the buyer not only has to pay for all the extra freight, but also may bear the risk of the goods cannot arrival in valid time. Because those shipping company are from other countries, there are lots of limit for the exporter to call to account, then if the seller hands in glove with shipping company, show some false bill of lading to the buyer, there is no doubt that it can lead to a loss of money and the goods for the importer. So in terms of the analyses, it will be more safe for the importer when he chooses FOB term to import cause it can reduce much risk.

3.63 Nowadays the trend in international trade

Actually according to the International situation, more and

more trader uses CIF term in international trade. CIF term has become more and more important and popular. Especially in current financial crisis, the exportation of China firms is facing more and more difficulties, but there are lots of good conditions and commercial opportunity for importation. Many deals show that most of products for importation are advanced technology and equipments, in order to protect the products much better, lots of importers will choose CIF term. Maybe some people will think there is no need to compare with FOB term and CIF term cause nowadays CIF term is the leading role. But in fact, in international trade, not every trader will use CIF term as different time with a different situation.

4. Conclusion

With economic developing in high speed, international trade has become an important part of the world economy. If someone wants to be a good trader, the key point is whether he can choose a right trade term or not. We know that different term with different definition and functions. The trader who can get a good command of trade term will do good to the forwarding business and facilitate the state economy. In addition, the trader has to know that he may face different risk under different terms, such as credit problem, payment, insurance problem and so on. The trader has to learn how to deal with these problems and bear the risk. Now FOB term and CIF term are very hot in international trade. That’s the main reason why I will choose this issue. All in all, from my point of the view, the trader has to learn how to use them in different case at first

References

1、熊伟陈凯 .《国际贸易实务英语》〔M〕.武汉大学出版社,2007.10

2、李海峰 .《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》〔M〕. 中信出版社, 1999.12

3、张天桂 .《进口合同项下CIF、FOB术语的选择》〔J〕.现代企业, 2003

(12):35-36

4、韩润娥杨德智.《风险规避与内陆出口方贸易术语的选择》〔J〕.黑龙江

对外经贸,2009(7)∶71-72

5、刘艳姿 . 《CIF与FOB贸易术语比较研究》〔J〕.金卡工程经济与法,

2009(11):243-244

六种常见国际贸易术语汇总

四种常见国际贸易术语 一、FOB Free On Board(……named port of shipment)--船上交货(…指定装运港),是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物装船超过船舷后,履行其交货义务。这意味着买方必须从那时起承担一切费用以及货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。它要求卖方办理货物出口结关手续。 按照《2000年通则》,FOB合同买卖双方的主要义务如下: 卖方主要义务: 1.负责按港口惯常方式在合同规定的日期或期间内,在指定装运港,将符合合同的货物交至买方指定的船上,并给予买方充分的通知。 2.负责办理货物出口手续,取得出口许可证或其他核准书。 3.负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和风险。 4.负责提供商业发票和证明货物已交至船上的通常单据。如果买卖双方约定使用电子通讯,上述发票和单据可被具有同等效力的电子信息所替代。 买方主要义务: 1.负责技合同规定支付价款。 2.负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予卖方关于船名、装部地点和要求交货时间的充分通知。 3.自负风险和费用,取得进口许可证或其他核准书,并办理货物进口以及必要时经由另一国过境运输的一切海关手续。 4.负担货物在装运港越过船舷后的一切费用和风险。 5.收取按合同规定支付的货物,接受有关单据。 使用FOB术语时,应注意以下几个方面的问题: 1.不能把FOB术语称之为"离岸价"。 2."船舷为界"主要是针对风险的划分而言的,如果把它作为划分买卖双方承担的责任和费用的界限就不十分确切了。

3.船货衔接问题。 4.装船费用问题(FOB变形)。按FOB术语成交,可以选用适当的FOB 术语变形,即FOB术语之后加列各种附加条件,用以明确有关装船费用的负担。常用的FOB变形有以下几种: (1)FOB Liner Terms-FOB班轮条件,指有关装船费用按班轮条件办理,即由负责签订运输合同的一方当事人(即买方)支付。 (2)FOB Under Tackle-FOB吊钩下交货,指卖方仅负责将货物交到买方指定船只的吊钩所及之处,有关装船的各项费用均由买方负责。 (3)FOBS(FOB Stowed)一FOB包括理舱,指卖方负责将货物装人船舱支付包括理舱费在内的装船费用。 (4)FOBT(-FOB Trimmed)一FOB包括平舱,指卖方负责将货物装入船舱,并支付包括平船费在内的装船费用。 (5)FOBST(FOB Stowed andTrimmed )-FOB包括理舱、平舱,指卖方负责将货物装上船,并支付包括理既费和平舱费在内的装船费用。 FOB变形不改变交货地点和买卖双方划分风险的界限。 5.应当注意《2000年通则》与《1 941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》对FOB贸易术语的不同解释。 二、CFR Cost and Fright(…named port of destination)--成本加运费(……指定目的港),是指卖方必须支付成本费和将货物运至指定的目的港所需的运费,但货物灭失或损坏的风险以及货物装船后发生事件所产生的任何额外费用,自货物于装运港越过船舷时起即从卖方转由买方承担。 按照《2000年通则》,CFR合同买卖双方的主要义务如下: 卖方主要义务: 1.负责在合同规定的日期或期间内,在装运港将符合合同的货物交至运往指定目的港的船上,并给予买方充分的通知。 2.负责办理货物出口手续,取得出口许可证或其他核准书。 3、负责租船定舱,并支付至目的港的正常运费。 4.负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和风险。

常用贸易术语介绍.doc

常用贸易术语 陈源 一、概述 第一组为“E”组(EX WORKS),它只有EXW一种术语。按此术语,卖方在他自己的处所将货物提供给买方。 第二组为“F“组,它包括FCA、FAS和FOB术语。在F组术语下,卖方必须按买方的指示交运货物,因为是由买方订立运输合同和指定承运人的。F组术语属于”装运合同“,其共同点是主要的运输责任由买方承担。 第三组“C“组,它包括CFR、CIF、CPT和CIP术语。在C组术语下,卖方必须按照通常条件自费订立运输合同;在CIF和CIP术语下,卖方还必须办理保险并支付保险费。C组术语下的买卖合同与F组术语下的买卖合同一样也属”装运合同“。这4种术语的共同点是,卖方在出口国的内地、港口或者其他约定地点完成交货后,还要负责办理从交货地点到目的地(港)的货物运输事项,承担运输费用。但是,风险都在出口国的交货地点由卖方转移到买方,就是说,货物在运输途中遭受损失或灭失的后果,由买方承担。为了避免或减少损失,买方可要求卖方代办保险,将运输途中的风险转归保险人承担。 第四组“D“组,它包括DAF、DES、DEQ、DDU和DDP术语。按照D组术语,卖方必须负责将货物运送到约定的目的地或地点,并负担货物交至该处为止的一切风险。D组术语属于”到货合同“。 表一:13种术语的分类及其适用的运输方式

二、六种主要贸易术语 一)FOB 1.定义:Free on Board 船上交货价格, 离岸价格。适用于海运和内河运输。 2. 关键点:风险划分点、交货点、费用划分点均在装运港买方指定的轮船舷(实际操作中为装到船舱内)。 3.卖方的基本义务 A.办理出口结关手续,并负担货物到装运港船舷为止的一切费用与风险。 B.在约定的装运期和装运港,按港口惯常办法,把货物装到买方指定的船上,并向买方发出已装船的通知。 C.向买方提交约定的各项单证或相等的电子信息。 4. 买方的基本义务 A.按时租妥船舶开往约定的装运港接运货物,支付运费,并将船名和到港装货日期给卖方充分通知。 B. 承担货物越过装运港舷时起的各种费用以及货物灭失或损环的一切风险。

国际贸易实务2010通则 11种贸易术语对照表

《2010年通则》11种贸易术语对照表 标准代码中文 名称交货 地点 责任费用 风险划分 界限 出口清 关责任 与费用 进口报 关责任 与费用 适用的运输方 式办 理 租 船 订 舱 办 理 保 险 支 付 费 用 支 付 保 险 费 ex works EXW 工厂交货(指 定地点) 出口商 所在地 买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 买方受领货物买方买方任何运输方式 free carrier FCA 货交承运人 (指定交货地 点) 出口国 内地或 港口 买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 货交承运人监管卖方买方任何运输方式 carriage paid to CPT 运费付至(指 定目的地) 出口国 内地或 港口 卖 方 买 方 卖 方 买 方 货交承运人监管卖方买方任何运输方式 carriage & insurance paid to CIP 运费、保险费 付至(指定目 的地) 出口国 内地或 港口 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 货交承运人监管卖方买方任何运输方式 Delivered At Terminal DAT 运输终端交货 (指定港口或 目的地的运输 终端) 进口国 指定运 输终端 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 货物交买方处置卖方买方任何运输方式 Delivered At Place DAP 目的地交货 (指定目的 地) 进口国 指定目 的地 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 货物交买方处置卖方买方任何运输方式 delivered duty paid DDP 完税后交货 (指定目的 地) 进口国 指定目 的地 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 货物交买方处置卖方卖方任何运输方式 free alongside ship FAS 装运港船边交 货(指定装运 船) 装运港买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 货交装运港船边卖方买方海运或内河水 运 free on board FOB 船上交货(指 定装运港) 装运港买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 货物装上船卖方买方海运或内河水 运 cost & freight CFR 成本加运费 (指定目的 港) 装运港卖 方 买 方 卖 方 买 方 货物装上船卖方买方海运或内河水 运 cost insurance and freight CIF 成本、保险费 加运费(指定 目的港) 装运港卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 货物装上船卖方买方海运或内河水 运

常用贸易术语

(一)工厂交货(EXW)本术语英文为“EX Works (…named place)”,即“工厂交货(……指定地点)”。它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任,但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。采用EXW条件成交时,卖方的风险、责任、费用都是最小的。 F组:主要运费未付 (二)货交承运人(FCA) 本术语英文为“Free Carrier (…named place )”,即“货物交承运人(……指定地点)”。它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物,办理出关后,在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运人照管。根据商业惯例,当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时,在买方承担风险和费用的情况下,卖方可以照此办理。本术语适用于任何运输方式。采用这一交货条件时,买方要自费订立从指定地点启运的运输契约,并及时通知卖方。《2000通则》规定,若双方约定的交货地点是卖方所在地,卖方负责把货物装上买方制定的承运人的运输工具即可,若交货地是其它地点,卖方在自己的运输工具上完成交货,无需卸货。 (三)船边交货(FAS) 本术语英文为“Free Alongside ship(…named port of shipment)”即“船边交货(……指定装运港)”。它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边,从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险,另外买方须办理出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。与《90通则》不同的是,《2000通则》规定,办理货物出口报关的风险、责任、费用改由买方承担。 (四)船上交货(FOB) 本术语英文为“Free on Board(…named port of shipment )”,即“船上交货(……指定装运港)”。它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付,货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏,另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。 【FOB】术语变形 (1)FOB Liner Terms (FOB班轮条件):卖方不必承担装货费用; (2)FOB Under Tackle (FOB吊钩下交货):卖方不必承担装货费用; (3)FOB Stowed (FOB包括理舱):卖方必须承担装货费用和理舱费用; (4)FOB Trimmed (FOB包括平舱):卖方必须承担装货费用和平舱费用; (5)FOB Stowed and Trimmed (FOB包括平舱和理舱):卖方必须承担装货、平舱和理舱费用。 C组:主要运费已付

常用贸易术语

附录1:常用贸易术语解析 1.装运前术语-EXW EXW——Ex Warehouse工厂交货 ?当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点(如工场、工厂或仓库)将货物交给买方处置时,即完成交货,卖方不办理出口清关手续或将货物装上任何运输工具。 ?EXW交货地点:出口国的卖方所在地; ?风险转移:货交买方; ?出口清关:买方; 出口税:买方; ?适用的运输方式:任何方式 ?与客户做EXW要考虑到增值税的问题! 2.装运前术语-FOB ?FOB(FREE ON https://www.doczj.com/doc/c116542919.html,d port of shipment,缩写FOB)装运港船上交货。 ?在采用这一贸易术语时,卖方需在合同规定的装货港和在规定的时间,将货物交到买方指定的船上,以履行其交货义务。 ?买卖双方所承担的有关货物的费用和风险均以货物装上船为界,卖方在装运港将货物交到卖方所派船只的船上,货物损坏或者灭失的风险由卖方转移给买方。货物在装运港装船以前的风险和费用由卖方承担,装上船以后转移于买方,由买方承担。装运港船上交货条件,要求卖方负责出口结关手续,包括申领出口许可证,报关及交纳出口关税等 3.装运前术语-CFR ?CFR(COST AND https://www.doczj.com/doc/c116542919.html,d port of destination,原来的缩写为C&F),成本加运费 ?采用这一贸易术语时,卖方需负责订立运输合同,按买卖合同规定的时间在装运港将货物装运到船上并支付将货物运到目的地的运费,但货物在装货港货物装上船后所发生的灭失或损坏的风险以及因发生意外事件而引起的一切额外费用应由买方承担。这一点与船上交货(FOB)术语是不同的。

4.装运前术语-C&I ?C&I(Cost and Insurance Terms),成本加保险,是一种非定型的国际贸易条件。 ?常见做法是,买卖双方以FOB条件订约,但规定保险由卖方负责投保。?采用这一贸易术语时,卖方需负责订立运输合同,按买卖合同规定的时间在装运港将货物装运到船上并支付将货物运到目的地的保险费,但货物在装货港货物装上船后所发生的灭失或损坏的风险以及因发生意外事件而引起的一切额外费用应由买方承担。 5.装运前术语-CIF ?CIF(COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT Named port of destination)成本保险费加运费 ?在采用这一贸易术语时,卖方除承担与“成本加运费”(CFR)相同的义务外,还应负责输货物运输保险并支付保险费,但卖方的义务仅限于投保最低的保险险别,即平安险,至于货物的风险则与“成本加运费”(CFR)和船上交货(FOB)条件是一样的,都是在装运港货物装上船后由卖方移转于买方。?注意:CIF条款下,保险由卖方来买,而风险承担人是买方,一旦出现意外赔付,将由买方提出赔偿申请。 6.装运前术语 ?FOB,C&I,CFR,CIF货物风险都是在出口国的交货地点由卖方转移于买方,货物在运输途中的风险均由买方承担,因此,均属于装运合同(SHIPMENT CONTRACT)而不属于到货合同(ARRIVAL CONTRACT)。 7.到港后术语-DDU(DAP) ?DDU:Delivered Duty Unpaid(…named place of destination),即"未完税交货(……指定目的地)"。 ?指卖方将备好的货物,在进口国指定的地点交付,而且须承担货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险(不包括关税、捐税及进口时应支付的其他官方费用),另外须承担办理海关手续的费用和风险。买方须承担因未能及时办理货物进口结关而引起的额外费用和风险。

贸易术语中英文对照

国际贸易—— 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 价格条件—— 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage

总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格(时价)current price/ prevailing price

国际贸易术语比较图表

国际贸易术语比较图表 名称交货地点风险转移运输保险运输方式EXW工厂交货卖方工厂交货时买方买方内陆交货 FCA货交承运人FAS船边交货FOB船上交货交承运人 装港船边 装港船上 交货时 交货时 装港船舷 买方买方 各种运输 海运内河 海运内河 CFR成本加运费CIF成本运费保险费CPT运费付至 CIP运费保险费付至装港船上 装港船上 交承运人 交承运人 装港船舷 装港船舷 交货时 交货时 卖方 买方 卖方 买方 卖方 海运内河 海运内河 各种运输 各种运输 DAF边境交货 DES目的港船上交货DEQ目的港码头交货DDU未完税交货DDP完税交货边境指定地点 目的港船上 目的港码头 指定目的地 指定目的地 交货时 交货时 交货时 交货时 交货时 卖方卖方 陆上运输 海运内河 海运内河 各种运输 各种运输 英文用缩中文全名交货地 点 风险划 分 出口报 关 进口报 关 适用的 运输方 式 标价时 后注 (EXW)工厂交 货卖方处 所 买方接 管货物 后 买方买方各种运 输方式 指定地 点 (FAS)船边交 货装运港 船边 货交船 边后 卖方买方海运,内 河运输 装运港 名称 (FOB)装运港 船上装运港 船上 货物越 过装运 港船舷 卖方买方海运,内 河运输 装运港 名称 (FCA)货交承 运人合同规 定的出 口国内 地/港口 承运人 接管货 物后 卖方买方各种运 输方式 指定地 点 (CFR)成本加 运费装运港 船上 货物越 过装运 港船舷 卖方买方海运,内 河运输 目的港 名称 (CIF)成本加 保费加 运费装运港 船上 货物越 过装运 港船舷 卖方买方海运,内 河运输 目的港 名称 (CPT)运费付 至合同规 定的出 口国内 承运人 接管货 物后 卖方买方各种运 输方式 目的地 名称

六种常见国际贸易术语汇总

六种常见国际贸易术语汇 总 Prepared on 22 November 2020

四种常见国际贸易术语 一、FOB Free On Board(…… named port of shipment)--船上交货(…指定装运港),是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物装船超过船舷后,履行其交货义务。这意味着买方必须从那时起承担一切费用以及货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。它要求卖方办理货物出口结关手续。 按照《 2000年通则》, FOB合同买卖双方的主要义务如下: 卖方主要义务: 1.负责按港口惯常方式在合同规定的日期或期间内,在指定装运港,将符合合同的货物交至买方指定的船上,并给予买方充分的通知。 2.负责办理货物出口手续,取得出口许可证或其他核准书。 3.负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和风险。 4.负责提供商业发票和证明货物已交至船上的通常单据。如果买卖双方约定使用电子通讯,上述发票和单据可被具有同等效力的电子信息所替代。 买方主要义务: 1.负责技合同规定支付价款。 2.负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予卖方关于船名、装部地点和要求交货时间的充分通知。 3.自负风险和费用,取得进口许可证或其他核准书,并办理货物进口以及必要时经由另一国过境运输的一切海关手续。 4.负担货物在装运港越过船舷后的一切费用和风险。 5.收取按合同规定支付的货物,接受有关单据。 使用FOB术语时,应注意以下几个方面的问题: 1.不能把FOB术语称之为"离岸价"。 2."船舷为界"主要是针对风险的划分而言的,如果把它作为划分买卖双方承担的责任和费用的界限就不十分确切了。 3.船货衔接问题。 4.装船费用问题(FOB变形)。按FOB术语成交,可以选用适当的

国际贸易术语对照表

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 国际贸易术语对照表 国际贸易术语术语 E 组(发货术语) F组(主运费未付术语)(装运合同) FOB CFR C 组(主运费已付术语)(装运合同)CIP DAF CPT CIF FAS FCA EXW 术语译名工厂交货货交承运人装运港船边交货装运港船上交货成本加运费成本加保险费加运费运费付至运费、保险费付至边境交货目的港船上交货目的港码头交货未完税交货完税交货后随地点指定地点指定地点指定装运港指定装运港指定目的港指定目的港指定目的地指定目的地指定地点交货地点卖方所在地出口国内地、港口装运港装运港装运港装运港出口国内地、港口出口国内地、港口两国过境指定地点目的港口运输方式各种(包括多式联运)各种(包括多式联运)海运和内河运输海运和内河运输海运和内河运输海运和内河运输各种(包括多式联运)各种(包括多式联运)各种(包括多式联运)海运和内河指定目的港运输及多式联运海运和内河指定目的港目的港口运输及多式联运指定目的地指定目的地进口国内进口国内各种(包括多式联运)各种(包括多式联运)风险转移界限买方处置货物后承运人处置货物后货交船边后货物越过船舷货物越过船舷货物越过船舷承运人处置货物后承运人处置货物后买方处置货物后卖方在船上交货后卖方在码头交货后买方处置货物后买方处置货物后DES D 组(到达术语) DEQDDU DDP(一)FOB (Free On 1/ 6

常用贸易术语

常用贸易术语 1. A/W (All Water) 全水路 2.AMS (Automated Manifest System) 美国舱单自动预报系统 3.Bonded Value 保税价值 4.B/L(Bill of Lading)海运提单 5.BAF (Bunker Asjustment Factor) 燃油附加费 6.Bonded Warehouse 保税仓库 7.C/O (Certificate of Original) 产地证 8.CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor)货币贬值附加费 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c116542919.html, (Carbon Copy) 抄送 10.CFS (Container Freight Station)集装箱货运站 11.CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费 12.CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight)成本,保险费加运费 13.CPT (Carriage Paid To)运费付至目的地 14.CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费,保险费付至目的地 15.CY (Container Yard)集装箱货柜堆场 16.D/O (Delivery Order) 提货单 17.DDC (Destination Delivery Charges)目的港交货费 18.DOC(Docment Charges )文件费 19.D/P (Document Against Payment) 付款交单 20.D/A (Document Against Acceptance) 承兑交单 21.DAF (Delivered at Frontier) 边境交货

贸易术语中英文对照

贸易术语中英文对照

国际贸易—— 出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade

普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT

卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格(时价)current price/ prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Marketprice 离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board

成本加运费价(离岸加运费价)C&F-cost and freight 到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价) CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货条件—— 交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter 托运人(一般指出口商)shipper,consignor

2000通则+2010通则国际贸易术语对照表

《2010年通则》11种贸易术语对照表 序号标准 代码 中文 名称 交货 地点 风险划分 界限 出口 清关 责任 与费 用 进口 报关 责任 与费 用 责任费用 适用的运 输方式 办 理 租 船 订 舱 办 理 保 险 支 付 费 用 支 付 保 险 费 1 EXW 工厂交货(指定 地点)出口商 所在地 买方受领货物买方买方买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 任何运输 方式 2 FCA 货交承运人(指 定交货地点)出口国 内地或 港口 货交承运人监 管 卖方买方买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 任何运输 方式 3 CPT 运费付至(指定 目的地)出口国 内地或 港口 货交承运人监 管 卖方买方卖 方 买 方 卖 方 买 方 任何运输 方式 4 CIP 运费、保险费付 至(指定目的地)出口国 内地或 港口 货交承运人监 管 卖方买方卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 任何运输 方式 5 DA T 运输终端交货 (指定港口或目 的地的运输终 端)进口国 指定运 输终端 货物交买方处 置 卖方买方卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 任何运输 方式 6 DAP 目的地交货(指 定目的地)进口国 指定目 的地 货物交买方处 置 卖方买方卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 任何运输 方式 7 DDP 完税后交货(指 定目的地)进口国 指定目 的地 货物交买方处 置 卖方卖方卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 任何运输 方式 8 FAS 装运港船边交货 (指定装运船)装运港货交装运港船 边 卖方买方买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 海运或内 河水运 9 FOB 船上交货(指定 装运港)装运港货物装上船卖方买方买 方 买 方 买 方 买 方 海运或内 河水运 10 CFR 成本加运费(指 定目的港)装运港货物装上船卖方买方卖 方 买 方 卖 方 买 方 海运或内 河水运 11 CIF 成本、保险费加 运费(指定目的 港)装运港货物装上船卖方买方卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 卖 方 海运或内 河水运

常用国际贸易术语一览

常用国际贸易术语一览 常用国际贸易术语一览 在国际货物买卖中,买卖双方在交易磋商和合同订立过程中,一般都需要使用贸易术语来确定双方在交接货物方面的部分合同义务。为了使每个厂家在对外贸易过程中都能充分了解并正确运用目前国际上通用的贸易术语,维护企业自身和国家的经济利益,现将其整理如下,以供大家参考。 目前,在国际上有较大影响的有关贸易术语的惯例有三种,现分述如下: 一.1932年华沙一牛津规则(W. O. Rule 1932) 该规则由国际法协会(International Law Association)制订,共21条. 它对CIF买卖合同的性质作了说明,并具体规定了在CIF合同中买卖双方所承担的费用,责任和风险。 二.《1941美国对外贸易定义修正本》 1919年美国九大商业团体制订了《美国出口报价及其缩写》。其后,因贸易习惯发生了很多变化,在1940年举行的美国第27届全国对外贸易会议上对该定义作了修订,并于1941年7月31日通过执行。该修正本对以下六种贸易术语作了解释: (一)EX(point of origin)——原产地交货。 (二)FOB(Free On Board)——它分为六种

1. 在指定内陆发货地点的指定内陆运输工具上交货。 2. 在指定内陆发货地点的指定内陆运输工具上交货,运费预付到指定的出口地点。 3. 在指定内陆发货地点的指定内陆运输工具上交货,减除至指定地点的运费。 4. 在指定出口地点的指定内陆运输工具上交货。 5. 船上交货(指定装运港) 6. 在指定进口国内陆地点交货。 (三)FAS(Free Along Side)——船边交货(指定装运港)。 (四)C&F(Cost and Frieght) ——成本加运费(指定目的港)。 (五)CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)——成本加保险费、运费〔指定目的地〕。 (6)EX DOCK(named port of importation)——进口港码头交货。 该惯例在美洲国家影响较大。由于对贸易术语的解释,特别是对FOB术语的接受与其他国际惯例有所不同,因此我国外贸企业在与美洲国家进出口商进行交易时,应予特别注意。三. 2000年《国际贸易术语解释通则》《国际贸易术语解释通则》由国际商会制订,是目前国际上最为广泛使用的贸易术语规则。目前通用的是1999年

六种常用贸易术语

一、六种常用贸易术语(INCOTERMS2000) (一)FOB (装运港船上交货) 1.全名和含义 FOB 全名为Free on Board (…….named port Shipment)。中文译为船上交货(指定装运港)。习惯上称为装运港船上交货。此术语是指卖方在约定的装运港将货物交到买方指定的船上即完成交货,并承担货物越过装运港船舷之前的一切费用和风险,货物越过船舷之后的风险和费用则由买方承担。此术语只适用于水运(海运和内河航运) 2.买卖双方的基本义务 (1)卖方的基本义务 ①按时交货至装运港买方指定的船上,并向买方发出已装船的通知; ②承担货物越过装运港船舷之前的一切费用与风险; ③办理出口结关手续并付费; ④向买方提交规定的各项单证(商业发票等)或相等的电子信息。 (2)买方的基本义务 ①按时租妥船舶开往约定的装运港接运货物(租船订舱),支付运费,并将船名和到港装货日期及时

准确通知卖方; ②办理进口结关手续并付费; ③承担货物越过装运港船舷起的一切费用和风险; ④受领交货单据,收取货物并支付货款。 3.使用FOB术语应注意的问题 (1)“船舷为界”的确切含义 《INCOTERMS2000》对FOB术语的风险划分界定为“装运港船舷”。它表明货物在装上船之前的风险,包括装船时货物跌落码头或海中所造成的损失,均有卖方承担,货物越过船舷之后,风险便转移给买方,因此“船舷”是风险界限。但是,“船舷”并非买卖双方责任和费用的界限。因为装船作业是一个连续的过程,在卖方负责装船责任的情况下,他必须完成这一过程,并支付相关的费用。 “船舷为界”风险界定并非绝对不能改变。在实际业务镇南关,当买方要求卖方提供“已装船清洁提单”是,风险的界限实际上已不是船舷,而是船上,这意味着卖方必须把货物安全装上船,并承担货物装到船上为止的一切风险。 (2)船货衔接问题 FOB合同属于装运合同,它要求卖方必须按照规定的时间和地点完成装运。在FOB条件下,卖方负责备货,

外贸业务中需要常用的贸易术语

一FOB Free On Board(…… named port of shipment)--船上交货(…指定装运港),是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物装船超过船舷后,履行其交货义务。这意味着买方必须从那时起承担一切费用以及货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。它要求卖方办理货物出口结关手续。 按照《 2000年通则》, FOB合同买卖双方的主要义务如下: 卖方主要义务: 1.负责按港口惯常方式在合同规定的日期或期间内,在指定装运港,将符合合同的货物交至买方指定的船上,并给予买方充分的通知。 2.负责办理货物出口手续,取得出口许可证或其他核准书。 3.负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和风险。 4.负责提供商业发票和证明货物已交至船上的通常单据。如果买卖双方约定使用电子通讯,上述发票和单据可被具有同等效力的电子信息所替代。 买方主要义务: 1.负责技合同规定支付价款。 2.负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予卖方关于船名、装部地点和要求交货时间的充分通知。 3.自负风险和费用,取得进口许可证或其他核准书,并办理货物进口以及必要时经由另一国过境运输的一切海关手续。 4.负担货物在装运港越过船舷后的一切费用和风险。 5.收取按合同规定支付的货物,接受有关单据。 使用FOB术语时,应注意以下几个方面的问题: 1.不能把FOB术语称之为"离岸价"。 2."船舷为界"主要是针对风险的划分而言的,如果把它作为划分买卖双方承担的责任和费用的界限就不十分确切了。 3.船货衔接问题。 4.装船费用问题(FOB变形)。按FOB术语成交,可以选用适当的FOB术语变形,即FOB术语之后加列各种附加条件,用以明确有关装船费用的负担。常

INCOTERMS_2010_贸易术语一览表

INCOTERMS 2010 贸易术语一览表( 將於2011/1/1實施) Changes in INCOTERMS 2010 Starting in 2011, the following standard delivery terms will be used: EXW Ex Works All types of transportation FCA Free Carrier All types of transportation CPT Carriage Paid To All types of transportation CIP Carriage and Insurance Paid All types of transportation DAT (new delivery term) Delivered At Terminal All types of transportation DAP (new delivery term) Delivered At Place All types of transportation DDP Delivered Duty Paid All types of transportation FAS Free Alongside Ship Water transport FOB Free On Board Water transport CFR Cost and Freight Water transport CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight Water transport Compared to the current practice, the following standard terms will no longer exist: DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid); DAF (Delivered At Frontier); DES (Delivered Ex Ship); DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay). If business partners wish to continue using them, they should not refer to the effective INCOTERMS 2010. NEW TERM DAP 1..A new term will be included to facilitate use in domestic transactions and those within Customs Unions where no export or import clearance obligations exist. DAP:Delivered at Place Delivered at Place means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport not unloaded at the named place of destination INCOTERMS修正版本数字使用的问题 2010年第一版最早是用INCOTERMS 3000,理由无他是避免大家期待每隔十年就有一次修正, 各国国际商会几乎都是站在反对立场,认为修订小组显然是多虑了而且也毫无意义( being meaningless)何况违背ICC出版品的数字使用体制(numbering system used by ICC for its publications),要吗就使用诸如UCP的400/500/600,或是出版品实际 公布或是生效的年分作为她的号码就如INCOTERMS先前的版本一样用INCOTERMS 1980/1990/2000,当然如ISBP是用645(2003年)681(2007年).到了第二版就改过来了, 使用2011(titled 2011),第三版以后就用2010. INCOTERMS 2010与THC(2010可以解决THC的问题吗?)(引自与TW刘0田的EMAIL资料) 无疑的INCOTERMS的修正里由之一是在解决THC的争执问题, INCOTERMS的正式版本还 在保密当中,但依第二版草案,似只在CFR或CIF的GUIDANCE NOTE当中提醒买卖双方宜在合同中规定” If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage such as those related to unloading or handling at the specified point at the port of destination agreed in the sale contract, the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties”似乎也无法解决目地港THC的问题. PS:日本贸易实务界人士星野清在其所著[TRADE TERMS雑感」一文中说,由于中国的货代 (FORWARDER)揽货过度的竞争,会压低运费再向日本买方征收诸如EBS(Emergency Bunker Surcharge)或YAS(Yen Appreciation Surcharge)等名目的附加费用. 19 October 2010 Article by Stephen Tricks and Hatty Sumption The Incoterms rules are internationally recognised standardised terms reflecting business practice in the allocation of

常用贸易术语教案

《常用贸易术语:FOB、CFR、CIF》教案 宁海高级职业技术中心学校 【课题】FOB、CFR、CIF(高等教育出版社《进出口贸易实务》第二章第二节一、二、三) 【课时】1课时(45分钟) 【教学资源】多媒体课件 【教材分析】 《进出口贸易实务》这门课程是中等职业学校外贸类专业的主干课程,教材以国际货物买卖为对象,以交易条件和合同条款为重点,以国际贸易惯例和法律为依据,并联系我国对外贸易实践介绍了进出口贸易合同的具体内容以及合同订立和履行的基本环节与一般做法。贸易术语用来表明商品的价格构成,说明货物交接过程中有关的风险、责任和费用划分问题的专门用语,是合同中价格条款的重要组成部分。在《2010年通则》中,共有11种贸易术语,其中以FOB、CFR和CIF在国际贸易中运用最广,因此我们中职学生必须熟练掌握这三种贸易术语下买卖双方风险、责任及费用的划分,并且能够根据不同的交易情况采用不同的贸易术语,及时有效地避免业务纠纷。 【学情分析】 1、本项目教学的对象是职高一年级的学生。通过对《进出口贸易实务》前面一个章节的学习,同学们已经掌握了一定的国际贸易专业知识,比如商品的品名、品质、数量与包装,具备了签订合同条款中的商品品名条款、品质条款、数量条款和包装条款等进出口贸易实务的能力。同时,对本章贸易术语和商品的价格的学习有了一定的知识储备。 2、职高学生由于受实践经验和生活阅历的限制,对进出口贸易业务并不熟悉,同时,对专业课的理解分析能力也较为薄弱。因此,通过情景导入激发学生学习的积极性和趣味性;通过案例分析区分不同贸易术语下有关风险、责任和费用的承担,使学生逐步掌握贸易术语选择的知识和技能;通过小组合作培养学生的团队合作意识。 【教学目标】 1、知识和技能目标 (1)识记FOB、CFR、CIF的含义以及风险、责任和费用的划分; (2)掌握FOB、CFR、CIF买卖双方承担的基本义务; (3)理解装运合同和象征性交货。 2、方法和过程目标 (1)通过情景导入领会贸易术语的重要性,学生发散思维,能够区分不同贸易术语下风险、责任和费用的承担; (2)通过我方与客户交易案例的贯穿分析,学生合作探究,学会运用理论知识指导实践活动,能够根据不同的交易情况采用不同的贸易术语。 3、情感、态度和价值观目标 (1)通过贸易术语的学习,学生理解外贸实践工作的风险性,具备规避风险的意识; (2)通过贸易术语的学习,学生感悟买卖合同中贸易术语的重要性和必要性,养成维权意识。 【教学重点和难点】 1、教学重点 (1)FOB、CFR、CIF的风险、责任和费用的划分; (2)象征性交货。 2、教学难点 (1)象征性交货; (2)根据交易情况选择贸易术语。 【教学方法】

贸易术语大全

贸易术语大全 目录 一. 贸易术语 二.商品的品名、品质、数量与包装 三.贸易方式 四.国际货物运输保险 五.进出口商品的价格 六.国际货款的收付 七.商品检验、索赔、不可抗力与仲裁 八.国际货物买卖合同的商订 九.进出口合同的履行 十.国际货物运输 贸易术语 在国际货物买卖过程中,有关交易双方责任和义务的划分。是一个十分重要的问题。为了明确交易双方在货物交接过程中,有关风险,责任和费用的划分,交易双方在洽商交易和订立合同时。通常都要商定采用何种贸易术语,并向合同中具体订明。贸易术语是国际货物买卖合同中不可缺少的重要内容,因此,从事国际贸易的人员,必须了解和掌握国际贸易中现行的各种贸易中贸易术语及其他有关的国际贸易惯例,以便正确选择和使用各种贸易术语. 一、贸易术语的产生及其性质与作用。 1. 贸易术语的产生 贸易术语(Trade Terms)是国际贸易发展到一定历史阶段的产物。它的产生是同国际贸易的特点和国际运输,保险及通讯事业工具,装卸货物,投保货运险,报关,纳税人等手续,并需支付运费,保险费,装卸费以及其它各项费用,同时货物在运输,装卸过程中,还可能遭遇到自然灾害,意外事故和各种外来风险,有关这些事项由谁办理,费用由谁支付,风险由谁承担,,买卖双方在磋商交易和订立合同时,必须明确予以规定,为了明确交易双方各自承担的责任,费用和风险,便采用专门的贸易术语来表示,随着国际贸易和交通运输与通讯事业的发展,国际上采用的贸易术语也日渐增多,除传统的贸易术语,近年来又出现了一些新的贸易术语。2. 贸易术语的性质 贸易术语是用来表示买卖双方各自承担义务的专门用语,每种贸易术语都有其特定的含义,采用某种专门的贸易术语,主要是为了确定交货条件,即说明买卖双方在交接货物方面彼此承担责任,费用和风险的划分。例如,按装运港船上交货条件(FOB)成交同按目的港船上交货条件(DES)成交,由于交货条件不同,买卖双方各自承担的责任,费用和风险,就有很大区别,。在FOB条件下,买方要负责派船到约定的装运港接运货物,并承担货物越过的船舷后的一切费用和风险,而卖方则负责按时把约定的货物交到买方指定的船上,并承担货物越

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档