This study used the well-characterized epithelial HeLa cell line as an experimental model system to investigate the first steps of transcription factor binding leading to induction of IL-6 expression by IR. After transient transfection by IR.
Thus, to delineate the role of the proximal elements a mutation was introduced into pIL6-1180 which destroyed its ability to interact with AP-1 transcription factors.
A multifactorial stress response was found involving three transcription factor recognition elements of the IL-6 promoter, NF-kB, AP-1 and MRE
We report here that Fk and IL-1 synergistically enhance IL-6 mRNA expression in FRTL-5 thyroid cells by mechanisms involving the cAMP/PKA pathway, and both stabilization of the IL-6 mRNA and activation of the IL-6 promoter. Point mutations or deletions of the main transcription factor binding sites in the IL-6 promoter indicated that the synergistic effect was mainly mediated by the AP-1 site, and that the CRE site contributed to this effect.These ?ndings contribute to elucidating the synergistic mechanisms that...，, and suggest that...
We will then examine the role of NFkB in regulating cytokine production,
explore the intricate system of positive and negative feedback loops that control NFkB activation, and evaluate current information about the significance of NFkB in the pathobiology of disease
quiescent cells
Following a stimulus, cytokines are produced in a characteristic pattern that is dependent on the stimulus as well as the cell or tissue type.
Of particular importance is that
By means of South-Western blotting
Flagellin induces IL-6 production in concentration- andtime-dependent fashion
Today, various links have been established between chronic inflammation and cancer, converging on the transcription factor NF- B
In this respect, cancer chemopreventive natural compounds, such as Withaferin A, genistein, curcumin, and green tea polyphenols, which interfere with multiple oncogenic pathways converging on the transcription factors NF- B and AP-1 ,may soon join the arsenal of epigenetic drugs
Therefore it is imperative to clarify the regulatory mechanism of the IL-6 gene expression for understanding the deregulation of the IL-6 gene
expression and finally the pathogenesis of IL-6-associated disorders.
Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) expressing CpG motifs mimic the ability of bacterial DNA to trigger the innate immune system via TLR9. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) make a critical contribution to the ensuing immune response.
up-modulators up-modulation
Later Naitoh et al. (7) showed that IL-6 administered i.v. stimulated the increase of ACTH secretion in conscious, freely moving rats.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is implicated in endocrine and metabolic actions, as well as in immune regulation and aging。
Previously we have demonstrated that the IL-6 promoter activity results from a concerted cooperation between NF-kB, AP-1, CREB, and C/EBP transcription factors
Studies aimed at elucidating their mechanism of action could therefore contribute to the design of antiinflammatory compounds devoid of side
effects.
Hence, numerous local and systemic regulatory pathways have evolved to curb inflammation
Activation of MC is thought to be intimately associated with the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, ultimately leading to irreversible functional damage of the filtering apparatus
Inflammation-repressing pattern
By association with
The cells of the immune system are broadly divided into those that belong to the innate arm of immunity and those that belong to the adaptive immune system
On the adaptive side of immunity,
CBF1 has also been reported to function as a transcription repressor per se by competing with activators of the Rel family at overlapping binding sites
We compare the characteristics of stroke—including the sites of immune action, the timing dynamics of inflammation, and the spectrum of immune response—with those of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a classic inflammatory and autoimmune disorder of the CNS
our studies suggest that CTLA-4 ligation of CD80 is required for TGF- to induce FoxP3 and generate suppressor T cells.
This agent, however,will also block CTLA-4 ligation to B7.
Once activated, they can themselves produce immunoregulatory cytokines and regulate the development of the ensuing immune response and tissue inflammation,as well as kill target cells.
with certain stimulations such as MPTP intoxication, the AQP4 KO mice showed extraordinarily more robust inflammatory responses than WT mice
To determine the potential of Tregs to inhibit T cell proliferation, naive CD4 CD25–T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 and cultured with graded amounts of Tregs, which inhibited anti-CD3-induced mitogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, providing maximal suppression (62%) at a
1:1 Treg:Teff ratio.
Recent studies have demonstrated that plasticity of naturally occurring nTregs may account for their inability to control chronic inflammation in established autoimmune diseases
vitamin A metabolite RA as a key regulator of TGF-beta dependent immune responses, capable of inhibiting the IL-6 driven induction of proinflammatory TH17 cells and promoting antiinflammatory Treg cell differentiation.
These observations indicate that the priming of T cells by DCs in the presence of TGF-b might lead to opposing immune consequences
inflammatory cytokines took the responsibility for the upregulation of AQP4 by activating the p38 signaling pathway.
Now, a new homeostatic role is emerging for RA as a regulator of biological rhythms within the CNS
the autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) has emerged as a spotlight in a multitude of immune functions
As a lineage fate determinant factor of nTregs, Foxp3 is essential and sufficient for its development and immunosuppressive activity
We identified a heretofore-unappreciated role for the RAR in driving T cell immunity.
RA, in particular, has been shown previously to induce strong effects on a variety of immune cell populations in vitro and in vitamin A-replete settings in vivo
Before transfer and weekly thereafter, blood was collected,
ATRA also significantly decreased the number of Foxp3- cells in the CD4- cells,indicating that ATRA selectively promotes CD4+Foxp3+ cell conversion.After the CD4+Foxp3+ cells had been induced, the addition of ATRA maintained but did not expand the number of Foxp3+ cells.It is likely that ATRA mostly affects the differentiation rather than the expansion of Foxp3+ cells
Such inhibition was paired with a decreased (IFN)–gamma and (TNF)–alpha production and was partially reversed by interleukin-2 (IL-2).
MSCs have been considered to be an ideal cellular source for GVHD treatment due to their unique properties, including tissue repair and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unmatched immunosuppression.
Therapeutic manipulation of purified Foxp3+ cells provides a logical rationale for a promising alternative approach to treat many autoimmune diseases, yet isolating and enriching viable purified Foxp3-positive cells remains a major challenge
Our results showed that coculture with iTreg cells led to a cell number–dependent inhibition of PMACI-stimulated TNF-a and IL-6 release by BMMCs, with a maximum inhibitory effect at a 2:1 (BMMCs/iTreg cells) ratio
To investigate the role of iTregs in this process and compare their functional characteristics with nTregs, we injected 3×106iTregs or nTregs at the time of CIA challenge
As previously described, skewing of responses towards Th17 and away from BMSCs or Treg cells may be responsible for the development and/or progression of AS
Active vitamin D alters the phenotype and functionality of DCs, locking them in a nonmature state, with features of tolerogenic DCs
A recent study has monitored a broad spectrum of cytokines, chemokines, in the peripheral blood of myositis patients by means of a multiplex cytokine assay system.
NK cells readily home to the CNS under an array of pathological circumstances。we investigated the role of NK cells in the CNS in shaping autoimmunity and pathology. Our findings have revealed a critical role of CNS-resident NK cells in controlling the magnitude of CNS inflammation.
These inducible Treg are defined by their cytokine profile, with Treg type 1 (Tr1) secreting high levels of interleukin(IL)-10, and T helper type 3 (Th3) cells secreting high levels of (TGF)-b。Rapamycin treatment induced a T cells lymphopenia sparing B cells
Unlike nTregs, CD4+ iTregs are resistant to IL-6-deriven Th17 cell conversion and maintain their phenotypic and functional characteristics in the inflammatory milieu
托福写作的高分表达方法 很多学生会选择，那么托福写作考试的高分技巧有哪些呢?跟着出guo一起来看看吧!下面是收集的有关托福考试写作技巧的资讯，欢迎阅读。 除了在句式上长短句相结合准确表达外，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议新托福考生要使用一些特殊的句式，以使句型多样化。句型多样化也是作文得到高分的条件之一。除了我们之前经常提到的高分句式，如倒装句、强调句、状语前置、插入语等，笔者还提出另外一个句式的多样变化，即主语多样化。下面笔者将列举几个句子概括介绍前面四种句型，而重点分析主语多样化。 正常句： Luck only works in extreme cases. 倒装句： Only in extreme cases does luck work.(否定词位于句首的倒装。) 正常句： The inter provides people aess to the latest information. 强调句： It is the inter that provides people aess to the latest information. (强调the inter) 正常句： The environment has been deteriorating severely along with the development of industry. 状语前置句： Along with the aelerating development of industry, the environment has been deteriorating severely.
正常句： However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. 插入语： New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. (连词however做插入语) 主语多样 1. 她突然想到了一个主意。 She suddenly had an idea. 通常情况下，考生会马上对这句话进行翻译，基本不会动句子结构。但是以人作为主语的英语句子总是不能够很吸引人，所以这个句子如果稍微做下修改，以后面的宾语“主意”做主语，这个句子会发生一些变化。 An idea suddenly ourred to her. 2. 他开车心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an aident. 这句话依然是拿人做主语，稍微改一下，把心不在焉这个形容词的名词形式做主语，会大不相同。 His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an aident. 3. 美利坚合众国创立于1789年。
托福写作必备英文句型 在托福写作中，有一些常用的万能句型，跟托福写作模板的作用相似，都可以套用在托福写作中，帮助你在托福写作考试中取得高分。下面天道小编为大家列举了35种托福写作句型。 一、~~~ the + ~ est +名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read,etc) ~~~themost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词 +haveever+seen( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much. (再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
托福写作翻译句子练习集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
1. 旅游业不但给政府带来税收而且给很多人提供了就业机会。 2. 赌博不但对健康有害，而且会影响家庭和睦。 3. 打工不但能让学生赚零花钱，而且还能让他们学到人际交往的能力。 4. 现在很多学校的校服不但贵，而且还难看，质量不好。 5. 政府不但要多建一些公路，还要鼓励人们多使用公交车。 6. 老人们既不需要很多的钱，也不需要很大的房子，他们最需要的是子女的关心和照顾。 7. 我喜欢旅游，但是，我既没有钱，也没有时间。 8. 在老人院，老人既能够接受到医疗，又能够找到很多有共同话题，共同兴趣的的伙伴。 9. 缴税既是有有利于国家，也是有利于个人。因为政府的税收主要用于公共服务，这个是每个人都会受益的。 10. 打电脑游戏既浪费时间，又有害视力。
11. 打电脑游戏既能使人放松，又能锻炼大脑的灵活性，反映能力 12. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 13. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 14. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 15. 无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 16. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. 尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明飞机会造成灾难性的污染。 18. 没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 19. 事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
20. 我们应该不遗余力地保护我们的环境。 21. 现在，人们普遍认为 22. 我同意后者，有如下理由： 23. 这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。 24. 使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。 25. 尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。 26. 在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。 27. 通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。 28. 这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。 29. 很多人生活在这样的幻想之中。。。
1、The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感2、No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 3、People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实4、Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康 5、Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 6、An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city
中文： 1. 旅游业不但给政府带来税收而且给很多人提供了就业机会。 2. 赌博不但对健康有害，而且会影响家庭和睦。 3. 打工不但能让学生赚零花钱，而且还能让他们学到人际交往的能力。 4. 现在很多学校的校服不但贵，而且还难看，质量不好。 5. 政府不但要多建一些公路，还要鼓励人们多使用公交车。 6. 老人们既不需要很多的钱，也不需要很大的房子，他们最需要的是子女的关心和照顾。 7. 我喜欢旅游，但是，我既没有钱，也没有时间。 8. 在老人院，老人既能够接受到医疗，又能够找到很多有共同话题，共同兴趣的的伙伴。 9. 缴税既是有有利于国家，也是有利于个人。因为政府的税收主要用于公共服务，这个是每个人都会受益的。 10. 打电脑游戏既浪费时间，又有害视力。 11. 打电脑游戏既能使人放松，又能锻炼大脑的灵活性，反映能力 12. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死
于与吸烟有关的疾病。 13. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 14. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 15. 无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 16. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. 尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明飞机会造成灾难性的污染。 18. 没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 19. 事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 20. 我们应该不遗余力地保护我们的环境。 21. 现在，人们普遍认为 22. 我同意后者，有如下理由： 23. 这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。 24. 使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。 25. 尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。 26. 在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火
EVA句型团笔记 DAY 1(主系表句型) 平庸，甚至错误句型： there are more and more peopl e study abroad [2个谓语动词] with the d evel opment of technol ogy, friends become more and more important [没有逻辑关系] 英文思维：主次分明，注重逻辑；（效率／不会产生歧义） 主语：发出动作宾语：动作的接受者 思维决定了语言表达 中英文句型直观的差异： 1.语序——先主干，后次要 2.词性和成分一一对应——动词 五大句子基本类型： 1. 主谓 2. 主谓宾 3. 主系表 4. 主谓宾1宾2 5. 主谓宾宾补 核心思维： 主系表句型 eg1:新鲜空气对健康有益 Fresh air is beneficial to health. Health can benefit from fresh air a lot. Fresh air contributes to promoting health. 注意：有许多系动词可以使用，be动词是其中较为简单的一种。 句型一：A（人／物）+ be. + adj.（怎么回事）+ to B（针对于谁来说） 注意点：1. Be 2. 位置，语序 A is beneficial/harmful/d etrimental/superior/inferior to B eg2.过度的工作对工作者的身体有害(overwork v.) Excessive work is d etrimental to worker’s health. Working for excessive hours does harm to worker’s health. It is unhealthy for workers to work excessively. Overworking throws shad ow on worker’s health. 英文基本原则：一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词
托福写作教案 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
1.解决基本语法问题，练习写长难句，把名词短语和句子的区别掌握；掌握三种基本句型结构，并且会加定语和状语 2.大作文基本构架熟悉，以及怎样选择side 框架不规则（可以整篇写一个故事的都有）可以不写对方的观点（让步段） 3.确定选材“写什么”：内容要直接简单明了，最重要是考语言和逻辑，不是考内容的新颖度和深度；内容为语言服务，语法准确、内容合理即可有的时候，想写的内容，即使用中 文说，都会很晦涩，那就更别用英 文了；不要把自己的想法硬套到文 章里，会造成中式英语；写自己会 写的，不要写自己想写 的！！！！！ 中式思维的理由不要写：放之四海 皆准的才可以
1，检查作业，纠正错误，总结错误基本类型和原因 2，复习上次内容 3.解决中式英语：构句的时候要抛开中文的影响，切忌先想中文，然后逐字逐句翻译 避免直译，要explain而不是
translatewordbyword;不要去想中 文的对等，而是找英文的相似 有些表达，是必须经过提炼的，因 为中文没有对等的意思 不会造复杂句怎么办？ 原始中文——简单中文（核心意思 提炼）——简单英文（句子主干） ——地道英文（修饰成分，句式多 样化） 想表达的内容太难，句子无从下手 怎么办：先找主干，在写其他部分 怎样摆脱中文限制，来扩展思路呢 （搭配也知道挺多，但是自己想不 起来用：中文只想一个大概的意 思，然后用英文思考，在已知的英 文表达中，搜索最地道，和自己表 达的意思最相近的搭配——故意用 搭配提分的意识 尤其是套模板的时候，句子一定要 精简，要动起来，避免冗长 1，检查作业，纠正错误，总结错误基本类型和原因 2，复习上次内容 3.在上了一定量的阅读和听力课之后，开小作文 阅读 第一段倒着读，剩下三段正着读 找句号法，快速抓住核心内容 段中不需要逐句读懂，学会找关键 词，两三个即可；时刻看首段的中 心思想，联系着猜 笔记越简单越好，可以用汉语；看 懂了再下笔，需要把多次出现的名 词记下来，猜一下发音 信息整合，逻辑重排 听力 首先听出是AorB类型还是 yesorno类型 根据阅读，边猜边听 以听为主，记为辅，记关键词就可 以了，而不是记整句话 笔记是画出来的，别人看不懂 听力结束后，先不要马上看阅读，
英文作文100活用句型 I. 用于文章主题句 1. 不用说… It goes without saying that子句 = (It is) needless to say (that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S. + V. 例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。 It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. 2. …是不可能的; 无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving. = There is no possibility of Ving. = It is impossible to V. = It is out of the question to V. = No one can V. = We cannot V. 例︰不可否认的成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。 There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind. 3. 我深信… I am greatly convinced (that)子句 = I am greatly assured (that)子句 例︰我深信预防是比治疗好。 I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 4. 在各种…之中… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, … 例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。 Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular. 5. …是很容易证明的。 It can be easily proved (that)子句 例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
新托福独立写作必背分类话题词汇 一、Education教育 二、Technology科技 三、Media媒体 四、Success 成功 五、Work 工作 六、Government 政府七、Friends 朋友 八、Old vs. Y oung 九、Transportation 交通 十、Environment 环境 十一、Money 金钱 十二、Leisure 休闲 十三、Family 家庭 十四、Animals 动物 十五、Food 食物 十六、Safety安全 十七、Health健康 十八、Food 食物 一、Education教育 作业n. assignment（可数)与homework不同选修课n. elective course 学分n. credit 青少年n. ；青春期的adj. adolescent 适应adapt to sth. / become accustomed to sth. 应用v. apply 团队精神team spirit 独立思考think independently 在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding 学生的反馈students’ feedback 学生评价老师的教学students appraise/ evaluate their teachers’ performance 通才n. generalist 专才n. specialist 全面发展的adj. well-rounded 多才多艺的adj. versatile 为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being (or welfare) 工科n. engineering 学科（通称）；纪律n. 管教vt. discipline 互动vt. interact 自制力n. self-discipline 小（中、大）学教育primary-level (or secondary-level/ tertiary-level ) education 职业教育vocational education 学校给学生的教育n. schooling 学校提供的课程总称n. curriculum ( pl. curricula) 心理的adj. psychological 参与n. participation 熟练掌握……be proficient in 榜样role model 同龄人n. peer 对孩子/弱者过度保护adj. overprotective 家长给小孩的教育n. parenting 批判眼光看问题能力critical thinking abilities 有创造力的adj. creative/original 表现出色perform well 为…打好基础lay a solid foundation for 评估n. evaluation 对…非常好的掌握n. mastery 好奇心n. curiosity 精英n. elite 应试教育test-oriented education 富于想象力的imaginative 无知的adj. ignorant 误入歧途go astray 文盲（的）n.&adj. illiterate 给人动力的adj. motivating 未成年人n. minors 溺爱vt. spoil 青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency 欺负（n. “喜欢欺负人的孩子”）vt. bully 植物学n. botany 天文学n. astronomy 培养v. cultivate/ foster/ nurture 促进学生身心发展promote the student’s physical/mental (or intellectual) and emotional development 心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth/ motivate the students to do sth 传授知识impart/ inculcate knowledge 灌输高尚的道德观instill high moral values 给学生以灵感give the students inspiration 学生对老师所教知识的掌握students’grasp (or command) of what has been taught 就业技能employable skills 填鸭式教法教学生force-feed the students 死记硬背learn things by rote 责任感sense of obligation/ duty/ responsibility 记忆方程式、公式、定理、定律memorize equations, formulas, theorems and laws 盲从follow sth. blindly
托福写作15个写作模板，100句常用句型 出国留学，托福考试必不可少，以下是15个TOEFL的托福作文模板，100句常用句型按照托福作文结构组合而成。 托福写作作文文套一 Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________.就理由进行解释_____________________.For instance,____________________ Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________.就理由进行解释___________________For example,____________________ The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________ Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________. In a word, ________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A. 托福写作作文文套二 A or B 将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deem that______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows. The main reason for my propensity fo _________is that___________________ The second reason can be seen by every person that________. In addition, these reason are also usable when we consider that_________. There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.
The government should offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost. 1.Easier attaching to information 2.More convenient for citizens to communicate 3.Decrease burden for poor people Never do topics concerning internet fail to fascinate us under the ever-increasing development of internet nowadays in the modern society. A lot of people believe that internet is to citizens what water is to fish. From my perspective, I support that citizens accessing to internet should be free based on the following reasons. It is obvious that we are now in the new era of global information, so accessing the internet could be really important to us. If the government proposes that the citizens could use the internet for free, we will concerning about the cost no more so that we can check a lot of information posted online which means we are able to attach to information. Or else, citizens will have to choose cheaper but much slower ways to search for information such as going to the library or asking other people. For instance, I have homework to do every day and the teacher usually puts the materials I may need onto schoology—an online application that can store information. So when sometimes when I am outside home, I cannot use it because it will create cost, in this situation I feel it is necessary for the government to let us using the internet for free. No overstatement, the internet is really connecting the world together. It goes without saying that applications such as Wechat and Facetime have given rise to great convenience on conmunication. However, a lot of citizens still cannot enjoy the convenience because the internet has cost. I am fully convinced that if the government make the internet free, it will be easier to communicate. Taking my friend as an example, I can talk face to face with him with the help of Facetime. We can absolutely say that the price of accessing to internet is really high for working class people, if it is free, it will reduce the burden on poor families. Since the world is developing so fast, a lot of people have to pay money on the internet because they need to get information online even though they are lacking of money. For instance, if a working class family only have the total income of six thousand yuan monthly, and they pay one hundred on internet, wouldn’t this be a burden? Basically it will decrease the burden of citizens to free the internet. In conclusion, all above taken in account, we can safely reach the conclusion that government should let citizens access to internet without paying. It is because it can let citizens be easier attaching to information and be more convenient to communicate. Besides it can burden for poor people. Getting advice from friends who are older than you is more valuable than getting advice from friends your same age. 1.Same feeling and easy to be useful, know each other better; not rational or does not work(bad ideas) 2.Accumulate experience, previous experience to help me make better decisions 3.Maturity brings more thoughtful and achievable suggestions Never do topics concerning getting advice from others fail to fascinate us in the modern society. A great deal of people believes that getting suggestions from older friends can benefit more. I
托福写作翻译句子试
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1. 旅游业不但给政府带来税收而且给很多人提供了就业机会。 2. 赌博不但对健康有害，而且会影响家庭和睦。 3. 打工不但能让学生赚零花钱，而且还能让他们学到人际交往的能力。 4. 现在很多学校的校服不但贵，而且还难看，质量不好。 5. 政府不但要多建一些公路，还要鼓励人们多使用公交车。 6. 老人们既不需要很多的钱，也不需要很大的房子，他们最需要的是子女的关心和照顾。 7. 我喜欢旅游，但是，我既没有钱，也没有时间。 8. 在老人院，老人既能够接受到医疗，又能够找到很多有共同话题，共同兴趣的的伙伴。 9. 缴税既是有有利于国家，也是有利于个人。因为政府的税收主要用于公共服务，这个是每个人都会受益的。 10. 打电脑游戏既浪费时间，又有害视力。
11. 打电脑游戏既能使人放松，又能锻炼大脑的灵活性，反映能力 12. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 13. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 14. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 15. 无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 16. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. 尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明飞机会造成灾难性的污染。 18. 没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 19. 事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 20. 我们应该不遗余力地保护我们的环境。 21. 现在，人们普遍认为 22. 我同意后者，有如下理由：
托福写作开头的11种示例 采用不同的句子开头是使句子多样化的手段之一。我们造句及写作的时候不应该总是用“subject-verb-object” 的结构顺序，而应该尽量用不同的方式展开一个句子。不同的句子开头既可以美化句子，同时也能使句子与句子之间自然过度，衔接自然，以免过于依赖过渡词。在TWE 考试中主考官对句子结构的多样化也非常的重视，看看常见的句子开头的方法! 托福作文句子的开头可以采用以下的任何一种方式： 1. 用副词开头，常见的情形有： (1) 副词修饰全句 Luckily, he didn't know my phone number; otherwise, he would bother me. Incredibly, Helena got straight A in her school report this semester. Interestingly, cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.
修饰全句常用的副词有： obviously undoubtedly apparently fortunately clearly unfortunately incredibly luckily unluckily surprisingly frighteningly 这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等与“It is … 形容词that …” 。e.g: Obviously, he is nervous about the test. =It is obvious that he is nervous about the test. Unfortunately, he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped over and fell in the mud. (2) 强调副词 Hurriedly, the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction. Dangerously, the drunkard sped down the street. Slowly and gently, snowflakes were drifting down from the sky. (3) 副词表示某一地域或某一领域 Geographically, Canada is the biggest country in the world. Financially, she is independent, but emotionally she is dependent. 2. 用插入语开头，表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确： Strangely enough, Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.
第1次上课留的背诵作业： Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflect ed in facial expressions. 人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。 In order to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce some thing consumers consider useful or desirable. 任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。 Is America going to decline like other great powers (nations) in history? The author thinks not, ar guing that the type of society created in America is quite unlike any that has gone before it.美国是否会如同历史上其他强国一样走向衰亡？作者持否定态度，认为美国创建的社会模式不同于任何已出现的社会模式。 The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transpor tation, and disposal of refuse. 一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。 Professor Huntington’s paper greatly inspired me. According to him, in a plural society, there will i nevitably be different opinions. The key is to deal with them in such a way that they can play a constructive rather than destructive role. Huntington教授的论文使我深受启发。他认为，在一个多元化(plural)社会里，不同意见是不可避免的。关键在于怎样正确对待不同意见，使之发挥建设性、而非破坏性的作用。 He argues that in a plural society we must stress/attach importance to interpersonal relationships, cooperation, and look at issues from the perspective of other people. If some groups regard the mselves as superior and treat other ethnic groups or religions with disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed. I am convinced that if we put into practice the ideas mentioned above, then t here is the possibility of creating a new civilization.他还说，在一个多元化（plural）社会里，我们必须重视人际关系，强调合作，多从他人视角考虑问题。如果某些群体自视高人一筹，不尊重其他种族或宗教，那么整个社会有可能陷入瘫痪。我相信，要是我们把上述想法付诸实践，那我们就有可能创造出一种新的文明。 第2次上课留的背诵作业： With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them wit h warmer, less severe interiors.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。 The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken. 诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。