Unit 3 English around the world
Topic1. English is widely spoken throughout the world.
一．重要知识点：
Section A
1. You can stick it on the wall. 你可以把它贴在墙上。
（1）A. stick v. 粘贴，=put up;
Please stick this map of China on the wall. 请把这幅中国地图贴在墙上。
B. ① stick to 坚持，坚守（某种观点、主张、理想、真理、协议）+ v.ing;
He always stick to his own decision. 他总是坚持自己的决定。
② stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事；
He sticks to speaking English everyday. 他坚持每天讲英语。
C.stick n. 木棍（棒），枝条；
walking stick 手杖，拐杖；
eg: You can stick it on the wall in your room.你可以把它贴在你房间的墙上。
2.Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world.世界上数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。
此句是一般现在时的被动语态，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者，其结构：助动词am, is , are+及物动词的过去分词。动作的执行者由by引出的短语表示，by 意为“被......，由.......”。
English is spoken by many people. 许多人讲英语。
3. I hope I can go there one day. 希望有一天我也能去那儿。
A. one day 既表示“将来的有一天”，也可以表示“过去曾经有一天”。
One day, he met an old friend. 一天，他遇见了一位老朋友。
I am going to Tibet one day. 将来有一天我要去西藏。
B. some day 只表示“将来有一天”
I will see you again someday. 我改天再来看你。
4. I cant wait to fly there. 我迫不及待地想要飞到那里。
A. can't wait to do sth. 迫不急待地想要做某事
I can't wait to go to school! 我迫不急待地想要去学校。
B. can't help doing sth.忍不住要做某事，
I can't help laughing.我忍不住笑了。
5.It is also widely used through the world now.英语现在在全世界也被广泛使用。
6.English is spoken as the main language in America.英语在美国被当作主要语言使用。
7. Try your best and work much harder from now on. 尽你最大的努力，从现在开始更加努力学习。
(1) A. try one’s best = do one’s best 竭尽所有做某事；
I try my best to help them.= I do my best to help them. 我尽力帮助他们。
B.try to do sth. 努力做某事；
He tried to climb the tree. 他努力爬上那棵树。
C. try doing sth. 试着做某事；
He tried climbing the tree. 他试着爬那棵树。
(2) from now on 从现在开始，意思相当于later on 后来，过后，将来；
He decides to help his mother to do housework from now on. 他决定从现在开始帮助妈妈做家务。
8. Walt Disney was a great film-maker as well as an artist. 沃尔特迪斯尼既是一位优秀的电影制作人，也是一位画家。
A. as well as = not only...... but also........ 也，不仅.......而且.......；常用于句中，具有连词特性。
Miss Wang is our teacher as well as our friend.
= Miss Wang is not only our teacher but also our friend.
王老师既是我们的老师，也是我们的朋友。
B. as well 也，常用于句末，相当于also 或too。
He will go to the party as well. 他也要去参加派对。
9.At last, he was pleased with one of his pictures of the mouse. 最后，他对其中一幅老鼠的图片很满意。
A. be pleased with..... 对.......满意；
He is pleased with the gift. 他对那件礼物很满意。
B. be satisfied with..... 对.......满意/ 满足，指我们达到期望时所感觉的满足，有积极的，愉快的意思。
She is satisfied with her son?s progress. 她对儿子的进步感到很满意。
Section B
1.Is Spanish similar to English? 西班牙语和英语相似吗？
（1）be si milar to… 和……相似；
Maria?s bike is similar to Jane?s. 玛利亚的自行车与简的差不多。
（2）be the same as… 和……一样；
This book is the same as that one. 这本书和那本书一样。
2. Is it possible for you have trouble communicating?你与人交流可能会遇到一些麻烦吗？
（1）A. It's possible that... 有可能...
It's possible that he will buy a new car.他可能会买一辆新车。
B. It's possible (for sb. ) to do sth. (对某人来说）做某事是可能的；
It?s possible for us to solve the problem. 我们可能会解决这个问题。
（2）① have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/有困难；
I have trouble in reading the passage. 我读这篇文章有麻烦。
② have no trouble in doing sth. 做某事没有麻烦；
He has no trouble finishing his homework.他毫不费力就完成作业了。
（3）be in trouble 处于不幸、困恼、困境之中；
look for trouble 自寻烦恼；
get out of trouble 摆脱/ 走出困境；
3.If necessary, I'll ask an interpreter for help.如果有必要，我将向翻译求助。
（1）if necessary 如果有必要；
If necessary, you can keep a diary after class to improve your English. 如果有必要，你可以在课后写日记来提高你的英语。
（2）if so 如果这样；
If so, I believe you will make great progress in the future. 如果这样，我相信将来你一定会取得很大的进步。（3）ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人求助，求助于某人；
You can ask me for help at any time if you like. 你随时向我求助，我很乐意帮助你。
4.I wish you success!祝你成功！
① wish v. 接双宾语表示祝愿；
I wish you good luck. 我祝你好运。
② wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人）做某事；
I wish my parents to go with me . 我希望我的父母和我一起去。
③ wish 接从句表示“愿望”，从句用虚拟语气。
I wish you were here. 我希望你在这里。
5.The baby is laid in the bed by the woman. 那个女人把宝宝放在婴儿床里。
A. lay v.(尤其指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，过去式和过去分词laid；
He laid a hand on my arm. 他把手搭在我的胳膊上。
B. lie v. 撒谎，现在分词lying，过去式和过去分词lied；
He always lied to me. 他经常对我说谎。
C. lie v .躺，(东西)平放，位于；过去式lay，过去分词lain；
He felt tired, so he went and lay down for a rest. 他感到疲劳，所以去躺下休息了。
二．重点词组
1．have a look 看一看；
2．have a poster of 有......的海报；
3．stick it on the wall 贴在墙上；
4．see cartoon characters 看卡通人物；
5．be able to=can 能够,会；
6．millions of 数以百万的......；
7．all over the world = around the world = throughout the world 全世界；
8．can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地做某事；
9．can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事；
10．can’t stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事；
11．have a (good) chance to do sth. 有(好)机会做某事；12．practice (doing) sth. 练习（做）某事；
13．be good at = do well in 擅长........；
14．the main language 主要语言；
15．widely used 广泛运用；
16．try one’s best = do one’s best 竭尽所有做某事；
17．from now on 从现在开始；
18．be made by… 被……制做；
19．be made of/from… 由……制成；
20．be made in… 在某地制造；
21．as well as 也，不仅.......而且.......；22．be pleased with..... = be satisfied with 对.......满意；
23．at last 最后；
24．pack one’s bag 整理某人的包；
25．on business 出差；
26．be similar to… 和……相似；
27．have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/有困难；28．have no trouble in doing sth. 做某事没有麻烦；
29．be in trouble 处于不幸、困恼、困境之中；30．look for trouble 自寻烦恼；
31．get out of trouble 摆脱/ 走出困境；32．the official language 官方语言；
33．have long conversations 长时间的交谈；
34．ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人求助，求助于某人；35．explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事；
36．if necessary 如果有必要；37．mother tongue 母语；
38．the large number of 许多......;
39．a foreign language 一门外国语言；
40．the base language 基本语言；
41．a native language 母语；
42．go abroad 出国；
43．whatever=no matter what 无论何时；
44．in the nineteenth century 在19世纪；
45．in the +序数词+ century 在..... 世纪；
46．in the + 年份+s 在几世纪几十年代；
47．more and more 越来越.........
48．take the leading position 处于领先地位；
49．be regard as..... 被认为.......；
三. 重点语法———一般现在时的被动语态：
英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。
如：We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。
主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。
如：The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被（我们）打扫。
1．被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+（by+宾语）,其中by意为“被……；由……”，表动作的执行者。
如：The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。
be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。如：English is widely spoken around the world. （肯定式）
English is not widely spoken around the world. （否定式）
is English widely spoken around the world? （疑问式）
Yes, it is./No, it isn?t.
2．被动语态的用法：
（1）在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动语态。如：This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。
（2）要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。如：
Her bike is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。
3．主、被动语态的转换：
主动语态：主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语（+其它）
被动语态：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语（+其它）
注意：（1）主动、被动互转时，时态不变。
（2）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态by的宾语时，要用宾格形式。如：
(1)People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south.
(2)She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her).
四．交际用语：谈论英语的广泛使用
1.---You?ll have a good chance to practice speaking English there.---You?re right.
2.---But I?m not good at English.I?m a little afraid.---Don?t worry.
3.---is Spanish similar to English?---Not really.
五．练习
A.选择题:
( )1.—What a nice classroom!
—It _____ every day.
A.is cleaning
B.has cleaned
C.must clean
D.is cleaned
( )2.I spend much money on books _____ I am not rich.
A.but
B.so
C.even though
D.as if
( )3.China takes the leading position _____ space industry.
A.in
B.at
C.of
D.up
( )4.Teachers should _____ their students to practice _____ English as much as possible.
A.encourage; speaking
B.let; speak
C.make; speak
D.keep;speaking
( )5.Maria has _____ trouble _____ math, so she often asks her math teacher for help.
A.much; understanding
B.no; with
C.many; understanding
D.not; to understand
( )6.If you have a chance _____ in a university，you shouldn?t give it up.
A.study
B.studying
C.to study
D.studied
( )7._____ of the students in our class _____ girls.
A.Three fives; is
B.Three fifths; is
C.Three fifth; are
D.Three fifths; are
( )8.I couldn?t wait _____ the box as soon as I received the gift.
A.to open
B.open
C.opening
D.for opening
( )9.—What is a writing brush used for?—It?s used _____ writing a nd drawing.
A.as
B.to
C.for
D.by
( )10._____, I have to write the words on the paper because she doesn?t know Chinese.
A.Sometime
B.Once in a while
C.After a while
D.For a while
B.阅读理解:
(A)
English is now the first language of about 400 million people, the mother language of 12 countries and the official language of thirty-three more countries. That means one in every seven people in the world speaks English.
English has become the new Latin(拉丁语) of the century. One must know English is a part of the twenty-first century. In Italy, for example, English is a must for many technical (技术的) jobs. In China, English is the most important foreign language learned at school.
Now no other language on the earth is better suited to play the role of the world language. Because English is easier to learn than any other language, and it easily borrows local words and phrases from other countries to expand(丰富，扩大) its vocabulary.
English is so widely used that it has become the standard language for all kinds of international communication.
Now 75% of the world?s mail is in English. 60% of the world?s telephone calls are made in English. 60% of the world?s radio stations are broadcast(广播) in English and over half of the world?s books and magazines are writte n in English. In a word, English is now the world?s first language.
( )1._____ countries speak English as their mother language.
A.11
B.12
C.33
D.45
( )2.“English has become the new Latin of the century” means _____.
A.English has a long history
B.English is as important as Latin
C.English has borrowed lots of words from Latin
D.English is as difficult to learn as Latin
( )3.If you want to ask for a technical job in Italy, you must be able to _____.
A.speak Latin
B.speak French
C.speak English
D.speak Italian
( )4._____ of the world?s magazines are written in English.
A.More than 50%
B.75%
C.60%
D.Less than 50%
( )5.The writer thinks English is now _____.
A.a native language
B.the world language
C.an official language
D.the Latin language
(B)
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman in the street and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be very surprised, gently shaking his head and saying,“You don?t say! You don?t say!” I wa s puzzled(困惑的), and I thought, “Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.” So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? Have you ever been there?”“Certainly. When I?m back home, everyone will laugh at me if I leave here without seei ng it. The Great Wall is wonderful!”“Yes, it is one of the wonders in the world. And people of many countries have come to visit it.” As I went on telling him more about it, he stopped me again, “You don?t say!”
I couldn?t help asking,“Why do you ask me not to talk about it?”
“Well, I didn?t ask you to do so.” he answered, greatly surprised.
“Didn?t you say …You don?t say!??” I asked again.
Hearing this, the foreigner laughed loudly. He began to explain,“…You don?t say!?means …Really?? Perhaps you know little about English idioms(习惯用语).”
Wow! How foolish I was! Since then I have been careful with English idioms.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F）。
( )1.The foreigner didn?t want to listen to the writer to talk about how he was studying English.
( )2.The writer was puzzled because the foreigner knew the Great Wall very well.
( )3.The foreigner thought the Great Wall was wonderful.
( )4.Perhaps the story happened in China.
( )5.When the foreigner used the idiom“You don?t say!”, he meant“Stop talking!”