公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记（一）
Unit 1 Greeting and introuduction
Dialogues /monologues:
1、You can tell they lived during the Depression.
这里的"tell"是断定的意思，咳……常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起，脑子便转不过弯来。
此句意思应该是：你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。
2、He really knows how to bring a person out.
"bring a person out."是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。
整句话的意思是：他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。
PS：to bring sb. out
意思为：to make someone feel more comfident, happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗
3、he looks like his fun to be with.
整句话的意思是：他看起来是个很有意思的人。或，和他在一起应该会很有意思。
句子解析
4、since we're going to recruit some staff so that we can get our new school going in time。
这里的since, 和so that 是基于...原因的意思.根据意思我将其译成: 届时...将...以便...
整句话的意思是：届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新学校及时开学.
5、Would you address character description for the commercial and industrial arts staff?
arts staff 怎么翻译?
==>你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗?
arts跟前面的commercial and indutrial连在一起看，而非与后面的staff:
(the commercial and industrial arts) staff.
6、There are a number of other positions to consider.
"A number of" 换成 "a lot of" 或者是”a great many”行不行，为什么?
==>可以换成a lot of或a great many of,因为position是可数名词。如果这里是不可数名词，则只能用
a number of代替而不能用a great many.
修饰可数/不可数都行：a number of/a lot of,
只能修饰可数：a great many of(与many性质一样)
7、Would you mind letting me take a look in your briefcase?
将"letting me"换成 "let me" 行不行，为什么?
==>不行，mind是动词，后面不能直接跟动词原形，一般接名词(或动名词),这里的letting是let的
动名词形式。
8、I’m afraid I certainly do mind, if it’s all the same to you.
“Do mind”与” all the same”什么意思?
==>do mind: 在英语中强调动词，用助动词do(各种时态)+动词原形。
==>all the same: 完全一样，用于强调。如：
Although you didn't complete it in time, I appreciate you all the same.
尽管你没有及时完成，我还是一样很感激你。
9、One day the life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression. (种族压迫)
在这句话中，state-sponsored 翻译成什么意思最好?
==>state-sponsored:国家发起的。用于修饰racial repression(种族压迫),是复合形容词，复合形容词的
相结合。
10、The state in which she was born had laws in place waiting to characterize her as unwelcome.
整句话的意思是：在她出生的洲有专门针对象她那一类人并将他们列为不受欢迎人士的法律。
11、Present was the usual mix that had so often accumulated into a burden too heavy for a single-parent household like the one Oprah Winfrey grew up in.
整句话的意思是：目前，这种平常的税收会不断地压迫在单亲家庭的身上,就象Winfrey 这样的例子.
12、One day the life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression.
整句话的意思是：有一天，生活可以从洲政府怂恿的残酷种族压迫中解放。
Passage:
The circumstances surrounding the birth of a female infant in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on Jan.29, 1954,were not promising present was the usual mix that had so often accumulated into a burden too heavy for a single-parent household like the one Oprah Winfrey grew up in. The state in which she was born had laws in place waiting to characterize her as unwelcome, to bar her participation in otherwise acceptable social activities, to shackle her to the residue of slavery and other injustices of the past. The simple truth is that her grandmother, her great-grandmother and all the great-great-grandmothers before them never experienced one day of life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression.
In hindsight, it appears that her birth was an uneventful one. But at age three she was reciting speeches from church pulpits. Upon discovering books, the child delved into the written word, turning out weekly book reports for her father. Even during turbulent times, not a moment was wasted. Seeds were being planted, watered, and nurtured. On April 13, 1964, nearly an adolescent and watching television from the linoleum floor of her mother’s walk-up flat in something deep inside of her. She was watching the live broadcast of the Academy Awards ceremony and saw a young African-American actor receiving the film industry’s highest honor. Sharing in that moment and all it implied she later told me, caused her to say softly to herself, “If he can do that, I wonder what I could do?”
The ground had been set. The journey of Oprah Winfrey had begun. The babe, the child, the adolescent, the young woman-all their strengths were harnessed into a force of astonishing power that placed itself in the service of nature and the human family. That the world has changed in meaningful ways since 1954 is beyond question. Oprah and her activities were driving forces in many of those changes. Her enormously influential talk show, her philanthropic work with children in Africa and elsewhere, her popular book club and magazine, her empowering spiritual message, her contribution (by action and example) to improving race relations-all speak to the human family, touching hearts and leaving each one uplifted.
Mississippi too seems to be mellowing out into a more congenial place than it was in 1954. that may also be partly due to the very special energy that is Oprah Winfrey-a courageous, funny,
compassionate, well-informed, dazzlingly curious person, as down-to-earth and loving as any human being I’ve ever known.
参考译文:
故事的详情围绕在1954年六月29日出生于密西西比，科修斯科山的一个女婴。那时，对于像Oprah Winfrey (奥普来.温弗里)这样日常开销负担特别繁重的单亲家庭来说，她的出身并不是那么让人期待。她所在的国家，已经有适当的法律等候着将她列为不受欢迎的对象，阻击她参加其它合理的社交活动，让她背负上了奴隶制度剩余产物的枷锁，还有以往其它一些不公平的待遇。简单的事实就是她的祖母、曾祖母以及更早的一代之前，在政府纵恿的种族镇压法令下，从未经历过一天生命的自由。
之后的迹象表明，她的出生似乎平淡无奇。但是，在她三年的时候，便开始在教堂的讲道坛背诵演说，在发现了书籍的之后，她便钻研上面写过的句子，每周向她的父亲作一次书籍汇报。即使在那个动荡不安的年代，也从不浪费一刻功夫。种子正在播种灌溉。在1964年4月13日，她已成长为一个青少年，在她母亲那间无电梯的公寓的油布地毯上，电视里的一些东西深深地了触动了她。那时她正在看奥斯卡奖项的现场直播，一位年青的美国黑人演员被授予了电影行业中的最高荣誉。在分享那个神圣的时刻之后，她告诉了我所有这一切都在暗暗地促使她轻声地告诉自己“他能做到，难道我就做不到吗?”
道路已经被铺平了，Oprah Winfrey 开始了她的旅程。从婴儿到小孩、到青少年、再到年轻女士——万事俱备，使得她在服务于自然界与人类家庭上迸发出一种惊人的能力。从1954年起，毫无疑问，世界已经以一种积极的方式发生着改变。Oprah和她的脱口秀是其中的很多改变动力。她影响深远的脱口秀、对非洲乃至其它地方的小孩博爱举动、广受欢迎的书籍杂志俱乐部、激动人心的演说辞、以身作则为改善种族关系所作的贡献。这一切都讲给人类家庭，触动了他们的内心，每个人都深受鼓舞。
密西西比也受到了潮流的影响，比1954年看起来适意得多。其中的部分也许同样归功于Oprah Winfrey 的非常独特的精神力量——一个勇敢、有趣、富有同情心、见识广博、闪耀着知识光芒的人，是我所知的人中最脚踏实地、让人钟爱的一个。
Unit 2 People
Phrases and Sentence:
1、 I don't ever want to have the effect on a person that this person had on me, where I was just blown away by disappointment. It took a few years to get over it.
PS：请高手重点解析”ever”的意思。
==>我甚至从未想过要给“给我留下印象的人”留下印象，在这一点上我感到十分失望。我用了许多年才克服这个毛病。
ever,在否定句中起加强语气的作用，not ever从未。
2、One thing I do is work with Make-A-wis h. If an ill child’s one wish to see a celebrity and he picks me, then I make time to see him. But I have to be very careful with these kids, because if you get too attached, you’re just setting yourself up for loss.
PS：请高手重点解析” because if you get too attached, you’re just setting yourself up for loss.
”的意思。
==>我做的一件事就是带着许愿做事。如果一个病了的孩子的愿望是想看一个名人并且他选择的是我，然后我抽出时间去看望他。但是我必须非常小心的跟这些孩子相处，因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。
because if you get too attached, you’re just setting yourself up for loss.因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。
其中attch是：使喜爱，使依恋：因情感因素，如爱戴或忠诚使联结。
set oneself up for loss是引起自己处于受损失或失去的状态。
3、Thank you for giving me the inspiration to stick around, at age 50, you have to feel you’re contributing to something.
PS：请高手重点解析” you have to feel you’re contributing to something.”
==>谢谢你给我关于等待的启示，在50岁时，你必须感到你正在做贡献。
"you have to fell you’re contributing to something"这句话的意思就是：在50岁时，你必须感到你正在对某些事情做贡献。
4、We stayed at the Ritz-Carlton and just had a blast. Or I’ll give everybody a ride in the Ultra light-it’s a flying kite.
PS：请高手重点解析“ride”在这里怎么翻译。
==>我们待在Ritz-Carlton并开了个狂欢会。否则我会给每个人乘坐一下“超轻型”---一个飞行的风筝。
ride就是乘坐。
5、“One day I’ll have my own barbecue.” In other words, every generation gets to improve on the dreams of the last generation.
PS：请高手重点解析这段话的真正含义。
==>“有朝一日，我将拥有自己的烤肉(比喻:实现自己的梦想)。换句话说，每代人必须在他上代人的梦想上有所提高。
6、But it came with a price because when he was drinking, we had jobs and money. When he quit, we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor.
PS：请高手重点解析“we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor.”这句话的真正含义。
==>但是这有一定的代价：因为当他饮酒的时候，我们有工作和工钱。当他戒酒了，我们就只有借酒消愁穷困潦倒了。
we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor：其中的trade sth. for sth.以...和...交易,以酗酒和穷困潦倒交易。
7、It got so bad that he either quit or got fired.
PS：请高手重点解析“so……that”在此句中的意义。
==>一般so...that是如此...以至于...的意思，这里上下句不是因果关系: 变得糟糕的是，他既没有辞职也没有被解雇。后半句that he either quit or got fired是so bad的补充状语从句，补充说明so bad的细节，不要太拘泥语法结构，更应该注重的是：1.英语语序特征，2.英语国家的人的逻辑思维特征。
8、He was a tool pusher essentially, sold drill bits to oil-drilling companies.
PS：翻译这句话。
==>他其实就是一个工具推销者，卖钻头给开采石油的公司。
9、I never think that I ‘m doing eight-minute cures on television. But I think that 50 percent of the solution to any problem lies in defining it first. I can be an emotional compass that points them down the path.
PS：请高手重点解析“cures”与“lies in”的意思，另外“point……down”是词组吗?
==>我从未想过我在用电视做一个8分钟的治疗。但是我认为任何问题50%的解决方法在于先界定它。我可能是沿着路径指向它们的情感罗盘(指南针)。
cure：名词，治疗。point和后面的down可以认为没有关系，这里不是词组，down这里的意思是“沿着”，相当于along。down the path是介宾结构词组，在句中作points them的补充状语。
建议：
不要从语法分析着手来学习英语，因为这样效果很差。最好是提高阅读量，让一切语法变为理所当然的事情，让记忆单词成为阅读时的副产品。
Passage：
If a computer were to design the perfect U.N. Secretary-General, he or she would look something like this: African born; European and American educated, with decades of service in the U.N. system; married to a European; and possessing a quiet charisma and calm authority as chaos arises.
That the U.N. in 1996 found such a person to restore its sense of direction and purpose was a near miracle. But out of the U.N.’s failures in Bosnia, Somalia and Rwanda came Kopi Annan, the career international civil servant who had participated in these disasters yet somehow survived and learned from them.
Today Annan is in the middle of his second term. His task is not finished, and the U.N. is still far from what it should be. But Annan has tested the limits of the job, accumulating more authority-one cannot use the word power, given the constraints the U.N. system places on him-than any of his predecessors.
His complex relationship with the U.S. government is little understood. When Annan takes positions in public that are displeasing to the bush administration, it unleashes its attack dogs. Yet when administration officials found their policies in Iraq floundering, they asked the U.N. for help. Some observers told Annan that he should responsibility was to the cause of stabilizing Iraq. He began to work toward the decisive date of June 30, when the u.s. will hand over control to Iraqi authorities and an uncertain situation will prevail determined by factors way beyond his, or anyone else’s, ability to control. But it is Annan’s destiny to be handed the very worst problems after they have been unsuccessfully addressed by others. Anyone who knows him knows he wades into such problems with his usual blend of courage, self-control, modesty and optimism.
参考译文：
如果让电脑来设计一个完美的联合国秘书长，他/她应该是这样的：出生在非洲;在欧洲和美国接受教育;在联合国工作十年以上;配偶是欧洲人;出现混乱局面时能保持冷静、富有领导魅力的权威人士。
1996年联合国找到了这样一个人来恢复它的方向感和目的性，这简直就是个奇迹。联合国在波斯尼亚、索马里和卢旺达的行动失败后，科菲.安南却脱颖而出。身为国际公务员的他对参与了这一系列的空难性行动，幸存下来，并且从中学到很多东西。
现在，安南的第二任期已过一半。然而，他的任务还没有圆满完成，联合国离其理想状态还很远。但安南已经体验到了他这份工作的局限性——因为联合国体制对他的限制，他不能利用言语力量，然而他却
比他的前任们积累了更多的权威性。
他与美国政府的复杂关系鲜为人知，当安南在公众面前的表现不能取悦布什政府的时候，美国就会攻
击他。反过来，当美国政府官员发现他们的政策在伊拉克举步维艰的时候，他们却向联合国寻求帮助。有
些观察家建议安南不要帮助美国摆脱困境，但是安南明白，自己最大责任是促成伊拉克局势的稳定。他开
始朝6月30号这个决定性的日子努力，美国将会在这天向伊拉克政府移交政权，这将千万动荡局面。不管
是安南还是其他任何人，在伊拉克问题上的成功与否都不会取决于他个人的控制能力。但是，安南注定要处理这些棘手的问题，而这些问题是由别人的失败造成的。所有熟悉安南的人都知道他将带着他一贯的勇气、自我控制能力、谦恭和乐观来介入这一难题。
Unit 3 House and Family
Phrases and Sentence:
1、She soon called my attention to the fact that she couldn’t work full time and keep house, too.
call attention to(唤起注意)
keep house(当家)
2、 I guess I just took it for granted that a wife was supposed to take care of her kids and husband.
take it for granted：(视为当然)
be supposed to：(应该、被期望)
3、You’ve got to get to know them.
have got to do：(必须做……)
get to：(在这里作“开始”的意思)
4、But maybe I’d better take that back and give her a hand.
take bake：(在这里作“取消”的意思)
give Sb. A hand(抽出空或腾出手帮助某人)
5、 They put me in mood for Italian food.
put in mind：(使记起、提醒)
6、I’ve put aside some mone y that I earned by doing some extra mechanical work.
put aside：(储存、备用)
7、 I was putting a machine together today.
put together：(把……加起来、装配)
8、 I am putting forth a lot of effect to make this tablecloth.
put forth：(生出、作出)
9、 Do you want me to put my needlework away?
put away：(在这里作“放弃、处理掉”的意思)
请注意上面5个以“put”打头的短语与词组的用法
10、I was going by the store near your house ..
go by：(顺便走访)
11、Your black purse and shoes go nicely with that dress.
go with：(伴随、与……相配)
12、He always goes beyond my expectations.
go beyond：(超出)
13、The kids can’t go along with you.
go along with：(一起去、附和)
14、Your offer goes to prove that you’re a wonderful mother-in-law. offer：(在这里作为“提意”的意思)
go to：(愿意为定位、转到的意思，在这里引申为?)
15、You know I get sick every single time t he temperature goes below 68°. go below：(下降)
请注意上面5个以“go”打头的短语与词组的用法
16、I could really go for a good comedy.
go for：(在这里作为“主张”的意思)
17、we can barely make ends meet.
ends meet：指收支平衡
18、Every thing I say goes in one ear and out the other.
goes in one ear and out the other.：(一个耳朵进，一个耳朵出。指听不进去的意思)
19、I’ve been keeping track of all of our phone bills.
keep track of：(明了、一目了然的意思)
20、I’ll have to call them and have them straighten it out.
straighten out：(改正、更正)
Passage:
On the day the World Trade Center fell, the Empire state Building once again became the tallest building in New York City. In the months that followed, six of its commercial tenants ran off. They did not want to be in the tallest anything, anywhere, anymore. At a time when U.S. Vice president Dick Cheney was still being shuttled around to undisclosed locations, skyscrapers suddenly seemed like the most disclosed locations. For a while, it looked as though the tall building, at least in the U.S., might be one more casualty of war.
Three years later, despite fears of terrorist attacks, big is beautiful again. On July 4, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg presided at the rise at the World Trade Center site. New skyscraper projects are under way once more elsewhere in the city and around the U.S. Meanwhile, outside the states, where the taste for tall buildings never really faded, the skyscraper has also been
poking its head up in very different ways, and not just for reasons having to do with security. Since the 1990s, tall buildings have been reshaped by a number of global architecture stars whose vision is finally beginning to penetrate the more conservation American market.
Some of the best examples of that rethinking now fill two large galleries of the Museum of Modern Art’s temporary outpost in Queens, New York. Using 25 spectacular architectural models (some of more than 4 m high), “Tall buildings”, a show that runs at MOMA through Sept.27, looks at the ways in which the skyscraper has evolved since the early 1990s, at least in the hands of its most gifted practitioners, the kind who are proposing-and even producing, but usually in other nations-buildings that don’t resemble the dull boxes that crowd most American downtowns.
Engineering is, among others, a path to new kinds of beauty. Just look at Renzo piano’s London Bridge Tower, a slender glass pyramid that forms a glittering stalagmite against the old city’s skyline. You get a grasp of what ingenious engineering is all about from the London Headquarters of the insurance firm Swiss Re, designed by Norman Foster. Even before it opened in April, it was known as the small cucumber because it rises against the sky like a green pickle. But the
building’s single feature is the inclusion of larger interior gardens throughout. But there’s a dematerializing spirit even in a building that didn’t requiring new fears of engineering-the Arcos Bosques Corporativo in Mexico City, an arched tower with a vertical slot down its center that lightens the building’s mass brings the sky it self into play.
“Not only did American invent skyscraper”, says the Spanish designer Santiago Calatrava, “it invented the skyline.” But American skylines have got a little dull. With some work, the world’s architects might bring them back to a very tall standard.
参考译文:
世贸大厦倒榻的那一天，帝国大厦又一次成为纽约最高的建筑。在接下来的几个月，六家帝国大厦的商务住户搬走了，他们再也不想住在最高的楼里了，无论在什么地方。曾经有一度，当美国副总统迪克.
切尼仍旧被不停地周转护送到各个隐蔽地点时，摩天大楼似乎突然间成了最暴露的地点。一时间，高楼大厦似乎成了战争的又一种牺牲品，至少美国是这样。
三年之后，人们依旧害怕恐怖袭击，但是高楼大厦再次成了美的化身。7月4号，纽约州州长乔治.帕塔奇和纽约市市长米歇尔.布鲁伯格主持了自由大厦的破土仪式，这座写字楼将建在世贸大厦原址上。在纽约的其他地方，甚至全美国，新摩天大楼的建设工程又开始火热地进行。同时，在摩天热从末褪去的其他国家，摩天大楼以截然不同的形态拔地而起，而这不仅仅是因为安全问题。从九十年代初期开始，高楼大厦的形态就被一些世界设计大师重塑了，这些设计大师的远见最终打入了较为保守的美国市场。}
那些新设计中的一些杰作现在正占据着位于纽约皇后区的现代艺术博物馆的两个临时展区。9月27号，现代博物艺术馆会举行一次名为“摩天大楼”的建筑模型(有些有四米多高)，以此来向人们展示九十年代初以来摩天大楼是如何发展的。至少在那些最有天赋的设计者手里设计出来或者是建造出来的建筑物，这些通常出现在别的国家，不再像一堆呆头呆脑的盒子簇拥在美国各城市的中心。
在众多领域里，工程建设是通向另类美丽的一种途径。看看雷佐.皮耶罗设计的伦敦塔，细长的玻璃金字塔组成一个闪耀的石笋直指伦敦上空，在空中形成美丽的轮廓。从瑞士在保险公司的伦敦总部大楼我们就能看出工程建设是多么的巧妙，那栋楼是由罗曼.弗斯特设计的。甚至在四月份对外之前，这座楼就被人们称为小黄瓜，因为它直耸入云，在天空的映衬下看上去就像一根绿黄瓜。但是这栋楼最显著的特点却是遍布室内各处的室内大花园。即使在不需要新工程技术的建筑物里也存在着非物质精神——墨西哥城的阿克斯.波斯克期公司大楼是一座拱行的楼，在这座楼的中间有一条狭槽从上通向底部，这座狭槽把光带到了楼里的大部分地方并且使楼里的人能看见天空。
“美国发明的不光是摩天大楼”西班牙设计师圣地亚哥.卡拉托弗说，“它发明的还有摩天大楼的空中轮廓。”但是美国的空中轮廓显得有些单调。一段时间的努力之后，世界建筑大师们或许会使其重返“高”标准。
2019 年全国英语等级考试 pets3三级常见语法解析(4) 虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设，由 if 虚拟条件从句和主句构成。 一、虚拟语气的基本内容 根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同，虚拟语气的 if 虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式： 假设类型If 虚拟条件从句 主句与现在事实相反Did/were Would/should do与过去事实相反 Had done Would/should have done与将来事实可能相反Were to do/did/should do Would/should do 例： 1、I wouldn't talk that way if I were Peter. 2、If the whole operation had not been planned before hand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost 3、Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn ’t be able to see her friends very often. 4、I would ask George to lend us the money if I knew him. 5、Do you think there would be less conflict ( 战斗、斗争) in the world if all people spoke the same language. 6、If Bob had come with us, he would have had a good time. 二、 if 的省略形式( 又称虚拟语气的倒装结构)
公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记（六） Unit 21 Services(1) Dialogues /monologues: 1、 Hotel in London or in England specially, will ask for a credit card or a confirmation which will guarantee that your room is held, basically all night or for late arrival. 2、 This could be a precise place for you. 关于：precise 与 accurate 是否有区别? accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意 accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性 correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误 delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的 exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差 precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义 3、 Art-house. Art-house：艺术电影院 指放映不属于商业主流电影的电影院。艺术电影院放映的影片，重视电影本身的品质，较不注重商业吸引力，如当代重要导演的影片、独立制片影片、影史的经典作品，及发行有限的前卫及实验电影。亦称 Art theater。 4、 Your restaurant specializes in hamburgers and chicken, right? specializes in：擅长于，专攻。 5、 As an unadvertised special, you can have a trip to the salad bar with your order for only a dollar more. 作为一个末做广告的特价餐，您可以多出一美元随意的在沙拉吧里定购。
2019年公共英语三级考试题及答案：写作 Directions： Read the text below. Write an essay in about 120 words, in which you should summarize the key points of the text and make comments on them. Try to use you own words. Beijing has extended its ban on operating outdoor barbecues from the city center outward to selected suburbs, according to municipal authorities. A year ago, Beijing banned restaurants from operating outdoor barbecues within the fourth ring road area. And now, the ban has extended to several suburbs, including Mentougou, Fangs- han, Tongzhou, Shunyi, Daxing, Pinggu and Miyun. The barbecue ban was announced to reduce Beijing' s air pollution, as barbecue has long been accused as one of the major contributors to haze. According to Wang Yuesi, a researcher from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Chinese Academy of Sciences, barbecuing can generate a lot of PM 2.5, harmful airborne particles measur- ing less than 2.5 microns in diameter. "Considering the seriousness of the air pollution in Beijing, we have to ban everything that may do harm to our environment!" Wang said. The issue has divided Chinese netizens, as half agreed with the policy while the other half called this grand plan nothing but "empty talk. "
Part B Directions: Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talked about the importance of doing exercise. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person to one qf the statements (A to G)given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Patricia: I went by Inter-Rail this summer with a group of friends from university. I think it worked very well, although a few of them said they'd never do it again—I guess it wasn r t quite like they thought it was going to be~not as comfortable probably. We usually slept in hostels or on the train so we were completely exhausted but 1 think we had a great time. Next year V 11 see if 1 can perhaps visit fewer places and not get so worn out. Davis: I traveled about 6,000 kilometres in four weeks with a couple of friends from college. We spent weeks planning out the route and all the places we were intending to go to. Would I do it again? Well, f d have to think carefully about that but, on the whole the trip was good for me as I was the official translator, which was great as V m normally a bit shy of talking to people 1 don't know. On the last night of the holiday they treated me to a really expensive meal for helping them out. It was terrific! Jenise: Well, I guess I had a good time now when I look back on it, and I saw eight countries in four weeks. Everything went well but I think that from now on 1' 11 probably choose to do something else. I want to meet local people rather than just people who work for the train service ! I did get to know quite a few other English and American students and they were great but it didn* t do much for my French and Gennan. Nigel: I think it's definitely the best way of getting around Europe even though you have to spend money on the Inter-Rail ticket before you leave. I have a friend who hitch-hikes and he says that's the only way to travel because it's free and you see more interesting places. But I knew I could jump on a train wherever I wanted in the morning, while he would still be standing in the rain hoping for a lift. So all in all I think I got the better deal, especially as 1 could take the night train and save on hotel bills. Hawk: F vc done it quite a few times now and V m used to the kind of problems that arisc—likc having to sleep in a park because the train arrived too late for me to get a hotel bed, and trying to keep to a tight budget. The mistake people often make is to just get off at the tourist spots. Try getting off the train at the little villages, like I do. They1 re usually fascinating and the people are friendlier, too. Even if they don't understand your miserable attempt at their language they still smile and nod.
全国英语等级考试三级写作 邀请信 提出邀请： 我们要……，你能来吗？ We’re having a… can you come？ We’ll…，will you join us？ 我希望你能参加……。好吗？I would like you to come to … 我们准备……，非常希望你能来。 We’re planning…，will you give us the pleasure of your company？ 我们希望你尽可能来参加 We’d love to have you here if you can possibly make it. 你愿意来……吗？How would you like to come to…？ 你来得了吗？Can you be present？／Will you come？ 我们都盼望你来。We hope you can come. / We’re eager to have you here．/ We should like to have you join us． 愿意来……吗？Would you care to come for…？ 敬请光临request the pleasure of the company of sb．
request the honour of sb．’s presence cordially invite the pleasure of sb…． 为欢迎??to meet sb．／in honor of sb 为纪念…诞辰 to commemorate the… birthday of sb．／In honour of．．／ 为庆祝…金婚 to celebrate the gold wedding of… 某人届时将出席 sb．will be present 请答复 R．S．V．P．[reply, if you please] ／Please reply／ Kindly send reply to sb．／Please respond to sb．／ The favor of a reply is requested ／ 活动内容： 朋友周末小聚 have some friends for the weekend 一起喝茶 come for tea with us 打桥牌 play bridge 跳舞 have dancing /there will be dancing 有两张……票 have two tickets for… 各类聚会：a small，informal party／a birthday party for sb．／a garden party／masquerade／holiday party 与某人共进晚餐 join sb．for dinner／ have dinner with sb．／dine with sb
2019年下半年公共英语三级试题一及答案 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed. Task 1 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Google, the Internet search-engine(收索引擎的) company, has announced it will give more than twenty-five million dollars in money and investments to help the poor. The company says the effort involves using the power of information and technology to help people improve their lives. Aleem Walji works for https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html, -- the part of the company that gives money to good causes. He said the company’s first project will help identify where infectious (传染性的) diseases are developing. In Southeast Asia and Africa, for example, https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html, will work with partners to strengthen early-warning systems and take action against growing health threats. https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html,’s second project will invest in ways to help smal l and medium-sized businesses grow. Walji says microfinance (小额信贷) is generally small, short-term loans that create few jobs. Instead, he says https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html, wants to develop ways to bring investors and business owners together to create jobs and improve economic growth. https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html, will also give money to help two climate-change programs announced earlier this year. One of these programs studies ways to make renewable (再生的) energy less costly than coal-based energy. The other is examining the efforts being made to increase the use of electric cars. The creators of Google have promised to give https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd13738667.html, about one percent of company profits and one percent of its total stock value every year. Aleem Walji says this amount may increase in the future. 36. The purpos e of Google’s investments is to ________. A) help poor people B) develop new technology
2020 年全国公共英语等级考试PETS 三级模拟试题Text Most young people enjoy physical activities, walking, cycling, football, or mountaineering. These who have a passion 26 climbing high and difficult mountains are often 27 with astonishment. Why are men and women 28 to suffer cold and hardship, and to 29 on high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities 30 which men give their leisure. There are no man-made rules, as there are for 31 as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to 32 , but it is this freedom from man-made rules 33 makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to their own 34 . If we 35 mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is 36 mountaineering is not a “team work ” . However, it is only our misunderstanding. There are, in fact, no ：matches” 37 “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may 38 , obviously, there is teamwork. A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight with natural 39 that ate stronger and more powerful than man. His sport requires high mental and 40 qualities.
全国英语等级考试PETS考试流程 （一）关于考试指导语和题目用语 为了让考生发挥应有的水平，在PETS一、二级的笔试中听力、英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作的指导语都是中文的。此外，为避免考生直接挪用试题中的语言，写作和口试试题也有可能是中文的，但口试中口试教师的口头说明仍使用英文。在PETS三、四、五级的考试中，笔、口试的指导语都将使用英文。在三、四级写作题中所提供的引导性材料可能会涉及到少量的中文。 （二）关于答题卡和登分卡的使用 PETS各级别的考试都有其特别设计的答题卡和登分卡。笔试中，使用的是用于光电阅读器（OMR）评分的客观题答题卡和用于人工阅卷的主观题答题（阅读器登分）卡。四、五级的客观题答题卡在机器阅读前，有部分题目也需要人工评阅。 口试使用的是口试成绩登分卡。口试开始前考生在卡上填好自己的考号等有关信息，口试结束时口试教师在卡上填上考生的口试成绩。 *包括翻译题（阅读理解部分B节）的作答和评分。 （三）关于答题时间PETS各级别的答题时间分配如下表所示：
单位：分钟一级二级三级四级五级 听力20 20 25 30 35 英语知识运用20 25 15 15 20 阅读理解30 35 40 60 50 写作20 40 40 35 35 笔试（共）90 120 120 140 140 口试（共）8 10 10 12 15 （四）关于笔试试卷的采分点（原始赋分） PETS每一级别各部分的采分点（原始赋分）如下表所示。除特殊情况外，原则上每题一分，括号内的数字表示各部分的题量。 一级二级三级四级 五级 听力25（25）20（20）25(25) 25（20）30（30） 英语知识运用25（25）35（35）20(20) 20（20）20（20） 阅读理解20（20）20（20）35*(20) 35**(25) 35***（30） 写作13(3+1) 35(10+1) 30(1+1) 20（1）25（1） 笔试（合计）83 110 110 100 110
全国英语等级考试（PEST）三级笔试模拟试题及详解（二） SECTION I Listening（略） SECTION II Reading Part A Directions: Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. Text 1 Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport, they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
1 1 a (an ) art. (非特指的)一(个)；任何一个；每一(个) AD . n.公元 A .M . adv.上午，午前 abandon v.放弃；抛弃，离弃 abdomen n.腹；腹部 abide v.(by)坚持；遵守；容忍 ability n.能力，智能；才能，才干；技能 able adj.能够，有能力的 abolish v.废除，取消 about prep.关于；在…周围；在…各处 adv.大约 above prep.在…上方；(数量，价格等)大于… abroad adv.出国，在国外 abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；陡峭的，险峻的；(举止，言谈等) 不流畅的 absence n.缺席，不在场；缺乏 absent adj.(from) 缺席的，不在场的；漫不经心的 absolute adj.绝对的；完全的；专制的 absorb v.吸收；吸引，使专心 abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 n.摘要；抽象 v.摘要；转移 absurd adj.愚蠢的；荒唐的 abundant adj.丰富的；充足的 abuse v.& n.滥用；谩骂 academic adj.学院的；学术的，教学的 accelerate v.加速；促进 accent n.腔调，口音；重音(符号) accept v.认可，接受 access n.接近，进入；入口，通路；接近(或进入) 的方法 accident n.事故 accidental adj.偶然的，意外的 accommodate v.留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳 accommodations n.住宿 accompany v.陪伴，陪同 accomplish v.完成，实现 according to prep.根据 account n.账户 accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积 accurate adj.精确的，准确的 accuse v.(of) 控告，谴责 accustom v.(to) 使习惯 ache v.痛；哀怜 n.疼痛，酸痛 achieve v.完成，达到；获得 acid n.酸 adj.酸的；酸性的 acquaint v.使认识，使了解 acquaintance n.熟人；相识；熟悉 acquire v.取得，获得；学到 acre n.英亩 acrobat n.杂技演员 across prep.穿过；在另一边，在对面 adv.横越 act v.行动；做 action n.行动，行为；动作，活动；(on) 作用 active adj. 活动的，活泼的，活跃的；主动的，积极的；敏捷的；剧烈的 activity n.活动 actor n.男演员 actress n.女演员 actual adj.实际的，事实上的；真实的 ad (=advertisement )n.广告 adapt v.(to)(使) 适合；改编，改写 add v.加 addition n.加，加法；附加物 additional adj.附加的，另外的 address n.地址 adequate adj.足够的，充分的；符合要求的 adhere v.(to) 粘附；坚持，遵循 adjective n.形容词 adj.形容词的 adjust v.调节，校正；(to)(使)适应 administration n.管理，经营；行政(机关，部门);政府 admire v.羡慕，赞赏，钦佩 admit v.承认 adopt v.采用，采纳；收养 adult n.成(年)人；成体 adj.成年人的；已成熟的 advance v.前进；取得进展 advanced adj.高级的，先进的 advantage n.优点，优势 adventure v.大胆进行，拿…冒风险 n.冒险活动，冒险；奇遇 advertise v.做广告 advice n.忠告；建议 advise v.劝告，建议 adviser n.(政府，公司等的) 顾问 affair n.事，事情，事件 affect v.影响，传染；感动 affection n.爱，慈爱 affirm v.断言；(法庭上) 陈述 affirmative adj.肯定的 n.(指言语) 表示同意的词语 afford v.买得起，担负得起 afraid adj.恐怕的；担心的；害怕的 Africa n.非洲 African adj.非洲的 n.非洲人 after prep.在…以后 conj.在…以后 adv.以后 afternoon n.下午 afterward adv.(-s )后来，以后 again adv.又，再 against prep.反对；与之成对手，对着；防止；碰 age n.年龄 agency n.经办；媒介；代理处 agent n.代理人，代表 ago adv.以前 agony n.苦恼；极大痛苦 agree v.同意 agreement n.协议，协定；一致，同意 agricultural adj. 农业的 agriculture n.农业，农学 ahead adv.在前；向前 aid v./n.辅助，援助，救助 aim v.把…瞄准，把…对准 air n.空气；天空 aircraft n.飞机，航空器 airline n.航线；航空公司 airmail n.空邮 airplane n.飞机 airport n.机场 alarm n.警报；惊恐 v.使惊恐，惊动，惊吓；向…报警 alcohol n.酒精，乙醇 alert adj.警惕的；机灵的 n.警报；警戒状态；警戒期间 v.使警觉 alike adj.相同的；相像的 adv.相同地，一样地 alive adj.活着的；存在的；有活力的，活跃的
公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记（一） Unit 1 Greeting and introuduction Dialogues /monologues: 1、You can tell they lived during the Depression. 这里的"tell"是断定的意思，咳……常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起，脑子便转不过弯来。 此句意思应该是：你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。 2、He really knows how to bring a person out. "bring a person out."是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。 整句话的意思是：他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。 PS：to bring sb. out 意思为：to make someone feel more confident, happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗 3、he looks like his fun to be with. 整句话的意思是：他看起来是个很有意思的人。或，和他在一起应该会很有意思。 句子解析 4、since we're going to recruit some staff so that we can get our new school going in time。 这里的since, 和so that 是基于...原因的意思.根据意思我将其译成: 届时...将...以便... 整句话的意思是：届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新
学校及时开学. 5、Would you address character description for the commercial and industrial arts staff? arts staff 怎么翻译? ==>你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗? arts跟前面的commercial and indutrial连在一起看，而非与后面的staff: (the commercial and industrial arts) staff. 6、There are a number of other positions to consider. "A number of" 换成"a lot of" 或者是”a great many”行不行，为什么? ==>可以换成a lot of或a great many of,因为position是可数名词。如果这里是不可数名词，则只能用 a number of代替而不能用a great many. 修饰可数/不可数都行：a number of/a lot of, 只能修饰可数：a great many of(与many性质一样) 7、Would you mind letting me take a look in your briefcase? 将"letting me"换成"let me" 行不行，为什么? ==>不行，mind是动词，后面不能直接跟动词原形，一般接名词(或动名词),这里的letting是let的 动名词形式。 8、I’m afraid I certainly do mind, if it’s all the same to you.
公共英语三级考试模拟题及答案（1） SectionⅠListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are two parts in this section, Part A and Part B. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 3 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto your ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand. Now as you will not be allowed to speak once the test is started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer—A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE. Example:
全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级考试大纲全国公共英语(pets)三级考试大纲概述 PETS 第三级考试由笔试试卷和口试试卷组成。笔试试卷(120分钟)分四部分：听力、英语知识使用、阅读理解和写作。口试试卷(10 分钟)分三节考查考生的口语交际水平。笔试试卷和口试试卷都使用 英文指导语。 (一)听力 该部分由A、B两节组成，考查考生理解英语口语的水平。 A节(10题)：考查考生理解事实性信息的水平。要求考生根据所 听到的10段简短对话(总长约400词，总持续时间约3’30")，从每题所给的4个选择项中选出选项。每题有15秒答题时间 (5秒用作听前 读题，10秒用作听后答题)。 B节(15题)：考查考生理解总体和特定信息的水平。要求考生根 据所听到的4段对话或独白(每段平均约200词，持续1’40"-2’10"，总长约 800词，持续8’30") ，从每题所给的4个选择项中选出选项。每题有20 秒答题时间(5秒用作听前读题，10秒用作听后答题。每篇 对话或独白的听前读题和听后答题时间，都按题数累计给出)。每段录 音材料只播放一遍。问题不在录音中播放，仅在试卷上印出。 听力考试实行时，考生将答案标在试卷上;听力部分结束后，考生 有三分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡1上。该部分所需时间 约为25分钟(含转涂时间)。 (二)英语知识使用 该部分考查考生对语法结构、词汇知识和表达方式的掌握情况。 共20小题。在一篇200-250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考 生从每题所给的4个选择项中选出选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、
前后连贯、结构完整。其中有13-15道题考查词汇和表达方式，5-7道题考查语法结构。 该部分所需时间约为15分钟。考生在答题卡1上作答。 (三)阅读理解 测试考生理解书面英语的水平。 该部分由A、B两节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的水平。 A节(15题)：考查考生理解总体和特定信息的水平。要求考生根 据所提供的3篇文章的内容(平均长度为350词左右)从每题所给的4 个选择项中选出选项。 B节(5题)：考查考生理解文章(约长350词)的主旨要义的水平。考生须从七个选项中排除两个干扰项，将准确的概述与五段文字逐一 搭配成对。该部分所需时间约为40分钟。考生在答题卡1上作答。 (四)写作 该部分由A 、B两节组成，考查考生的书面表达水平。 A节：考生根据所给情景(英/中文)写出约100词(不计算标点符号)的简单信件、便笺等。 B节：考生根据所给情景，写出一篇很多于120词(不计算标点符号)的文章。提供情景的形式有图画、图表、文字等。 该部分所需时间约为40分钟。考生在答题卡2上作答。 (五)口试 口试分A、B、C三节，测试考生用英语实行口头交际的水平。 每次口试采取两名口试教师和两名考生的形式。一名口试教师不 参与交谈，专事评分;另一名主持口试，随时与考生交谈并评分。专事