Unit 1 Language, Culture and Communication
1.Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin‘s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person‘s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed o r suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree. (Para3)
力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人一极大的希望,研究者发现的某些看得见的形状,即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类每个成员都是一样的。2.A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one of the meaning of the word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context. The variables in possible meaning, especially if inflection and tonal qualities are added, are so difficult to cope with that they are often waved aside.
更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义,而不顾隐含义和语境。词意多变的现象,尤其再加上了语调起伏和音调元素,就更难以掌握,以致于常常被置之不理
3.It is more difficult to note correctly the unspoken codes of the other culture that are further from awareness, such as the handling of time and spatial relationships and subtle signs of respect of formality. (Para 10)
更困难的是如何正确理解那些原为意识到的其他文化中含蓄的准则,例如对时空关系的处理和尊重礼节的点点滴滴。
Unit3 Marriage and the Family
1.Rarely can it be said that a stepfamily becomes ―one‖ in a relational sense. More realistic is a process by which the various parts integrate, or come into contact with one another, much like a casserole of distinct parts.
继亲家庭从家庭成员关系上来讲很难真正成为一体. 更现实的情况是这样一个过程:不同的原料融合在一起,或相互接触,很像一道由不同原料烩成的砂锅菜。
2.It is quite normal for a stepparent to have a close bonds with one stepchild, be working on bonds with another, while experiencing a distant relationship with an older child.
继亲与继子(女)的相处可能是与一个和和睦睦,另一个马马乎乎,而与年龄较长的那一个则关系生疏。这种现象是相当普遍的
3.This family cooking style results in ingredients and spices (that is, rituals, values, and preferences) being put under pressure to meld together completely. The family is under great duress。
这种家庭融合方式的结果,是把原料和调料(即仪式,价值观,偏好) 置于高压之下完全混合起来。家庭生活处于极大的压力下
4.It's important that stepfamilies understand that combining rituals works sometimes, but pressuring people to be okay with the combination can sabotage the results.
继亲家庭要了解,合并仪式有时是可行的。但是迫使家人欣然接受这种合并就会破坏其结果。
5.The ingredients keep some of their integrity, yet are expected to fit together with the other pieces. Examples of this style can be subtle or extreme.
尽管他们保持了各自一定的完整性, 但还是期待着能够相互溶合, 像这样的家庭关系有时很微妙,有时很紧张.
6.Respecting one another‘s possessions is important because it teaches people to honor ot hers; it also communicates belonging to the child who is spending time at the other home.
尊重他人的所有物是很重要的,因为这教会人要尊重他人。这也给回到另一个家的孩子传达了一种归属感。
7.I recommend a Crockpot cooking style. Stepfamilies choosing this style understand that time and low heat make for an effective combination.
我推荐一种瓦罐煨汤式的方法。选择这种方式的继亲家庭明白,时间和低温能导致一种有效的融合。
8.As the juices begin to flow together, imperfections are purified, and the beneficial, desirable qualities of each
ingredient are added to the taste.
当原料的汁液开始流到一起,瑕疵被净化掉,每种原料中有益的、令人满意的品质都添加到了口味里,
9.The result is a dish of delectable flavor made up of different ingredients that give off themselves to produce a wondrous creation.
结果就成为一道由不同原料构成的美味的菜肴,这些原料倾其自身的精华创造一件奇妙的作品。
10.As a Crockpot stepfather, you don‘t worry excessively about why you‘re not immediately bonding with your teenage stepdaughter:
作为Crockpot 继父, 您不必过份地担心为什么您没有立刻与您的少年继女处好关系。
11.Mini-family activities might not feel like a good solution because they were trying to steer their family as they would a biological family.
Troy和Meredith正在努力驾驭他们的家庭使他们像亲生家庭一样,这样小型单独的家庭活动似乎不是个很好的解决方法。
Unit4 New Economic Times
1.Evidence indicates that the true rate of return to education and skill formation is very high and that the imba lance is symptomatic of a serious distortion of current policy that retards economic development in China.
有证据表明教育和技能培训投资的真实回报率非常高,而扭曲当前政策的症结在于投资的严重失衡,影响了中国经济发展的速度。
2.What previously had been considered an unexplained residual became identified as human c apital. (para.3)
从前被认为是无法解释的剩余因素被确定为人力资本。
3.The term ―human capital‖ suggests to some a depersonalization of individual and is associated in the popular mind with a dehumanizing society that equates men with machines. (para4)
―人力资本‖这一术语让人觉得是剥夺人的个性,在公众的脑海里联想到将人与机器等同的异化社会。
4.By world standards, the percent of college-educated workers is still low and there is substantial regional variability so that the educational infrastructure for modern growth is needed.
按世界标准,受过大学教育的劳动者的比例仍然偏低,且存在着巨大的地区差别,因此,需要有适合现代发展的教育基础结构。
5.The impact of education on total factor productivity in regions in China shows that the recent policy of promoting investment in non-coastal areas of China was thwarted by low level of education in the non-coastal regions.
教育事业对中国各地区全因素生产力所造成的影响证明:中国内地教育水平的低下,防碍了政府最近对内地加大投资的政策的实施。
6.A policy of charging fees for access to education, which is widespread in secondary and higher levels, can be justified as a way to ration scarce resources to those who might benefit most from education. The extent of subsidy in Chinese education is substantial…(para13)
在中学和大学普遍实施的教育收费政策,可能会被证明是一种合理的手段,将稀缺的资源配置给那些可以从教育获益最多的人.中国教育补贴的范围很广……
7. It is important to evaluate government activity on a quantitative basis, to screen the bad investments from the good ones and to conduct policy on a factually informed basis.
对政府的活动进行量化评估,剔除坏的投资保留好的投资,实事求是地执行政策,这是至关重要的。
8.From cost-benefit analyses grounded in data, we can understand more clearly whether human capital projects or physical projects should be favored and in what proportions.
通过基于数据的成本效益分析,我们能够更清楚的了解到是应该偏重人力资本项目还是更偏重实物资本项目,以及这两者之间的比例。
9.One way to encourage education and job training is to subsidize it, which entails a substantial increase in government expenditure and may not be feasible.
鼓励教育和职业培训方式之一是给以补贴,这会极大地增加政府开支,也许不可行。
10. By unleashing the forces to create human capital, China will create wealth and create pools of finance for physical capital from the savings of its educated workers. It will expand its tax base and enhance its revenue from taxation. (para 19)
通过释放这些力量来创造人力资本,中国将会从受教育的劳动者的积蓄中创造出财富,创造出实物资本的资金积累。还会扩大税收基础,增加岁入。
11.Eliminating regional disparity in wages and opening up markets to allow freedom of migration and pursuit of opportunities throughout China would enhance economic development of the country as a whole.
消除地区工资差距,开放市场,让人口在全国自由流动寻找机会,这会加快国家整体的经济发展。12.So would a centralized educational finance policy that served to allocate government funds from the center more evenly across the regions between rural and urban areas.
同样,集中式教育财政有利于将政府资金从中央均衡地分配给各地区和城乡,这也会加快国家整体的经济发展。
13.However, the 5-10% increase in the cost of schooling as a fraction of household income for the children of migrants currently reduces social mobility and perpetuates intergenerational poverty.
然而,农民工子弟上学的成本占家庭收入比例的增加达5%到10%,目前减少了社会的流动性,使代代贫困现象永久存在。
14.A policy fostering human capital and more open migration would serve to offset the rise in inequality produced by more open wage setting.
提高人力资本,鼓励更开放的人口流动政策有助于抵消由于更开放的工资制定标准带来的不平等的扩大15.Open labor markets, open capital markets and geographical equity in spending on education will reduce inequality in the long run, not promote it, as returns equalize.
随着回报的均衡,开放的劳动市场,开放的资本市场,教育开支上地区均衡,从长远看将会缩小不平等,而不会扩大不平等。
16.Enhancing skills raises the productivity of the nation and makes more resources available to society at large. Human capital is the asset that ultimately determines the wealth of China.
提高技能会提高全民生产力,使整个社会有更多可用资源。人力资本是最终决定中国财富的资产。
Unit5 Man and Nature
1.In Kenya, men‘s knowledge of traditional crops and practices is actually declining as a result of formal schooling and migration to urban areas.
在肯尼亚,正规教育和人口迁移城市事实上使得男性对传统作物及耕种方面的知识水平下降。
2.Lack of access to clean potable water has been recognized as a factor increasing women‘s work burdens in those parts of the world where they are responsible for collecting water for basic needs like cooking, cleaning and hygiene.
在世界上的一些地方,由于缺乏获得生活用水的途径,妇女需寻水取水来满足烹饪、清洁和卫生的需要,这也成为了加重妇女工作重负的一个因素。
3.Lack of clean water is also responsible for waterborne diseases among children,one of the major causes of child disease and mortality.
洁净水的缺乏是儿童患上水传播疾病,生病和死亡的原因之一。
4.In eastern Tanzania, urinary schistosomiasis, a water-related disease, was most common among boys, and also among girls and women between the ages of 10 and 40.
在坦桑尼亚东部,一种与水有关的疾病——尿路血吸虫病在男孩中非常普遍,在年龄10到40岁的少女或妇女中,同样很普遍。
5.Among women and girls, it was associated with the local practice of washing clothes while standing in schistosomiasis-infested water.
妇女和女孩的病因却与她们站在当地的被血吸虫感染的水中洗衣服有关。
6.Climate change is expected to increase the burden of disease considerably by allowing vectors to breed in latitudes or altitudes where current temperatures prevent them.
气候的变化极大地加重了疫情。原因是目前该地域的气温能抑制传染病媒介的兹生,而气温的变化将会适宜于这些传染病媒介的繁殖。
7.During pregnancy, it can cause severe anemia, and it can also harm the fetus, increasing the chances of abortion, premature birth, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and low infant birth weight.
在怀孕期间,疟疾能引起严重的贫血,危及胎儿的生命,增加流产、早产、死胎、子宫内胎儿发育阻滞以及胎儿出生时体重不足的几率。
8.There has been a progressive shift from maize production to less labor intensive, and less nutritious, cassava production to compensate for the labor lost through HIV/ AIDS.
为了弥补艾滋病导致的劳动力的丧失,这些地方的粮食生产发生了极大的变化,由原先种植玉米转向种植营养不丰富但需要更少的劳动力的木薯。
9.They are more likely to live in disaster prone areas, in vulnerable, badly built and badly sited housing, and with few resources to pay for rescue or rehabilitation.
他们更可能是住在灾难易发区,住在不牢固、质量差、选址差的房子里,几乎没有什么办法可以获得救助或被重新安置居所。
10.Anyone who is located (socially and /or spatiall y) ?out of the loop‘ of information supplied by early warning systems is likely to suffer more from disasters.
任何人,从社会属性和空间方位来说,如果他们处在早期的预警系统圈外,他们则有可能遭受更多的疾患痛苦
11.The full success of forward-looking strategies for bringing gender into environmental analysis – and vice versa –may hinge on three major areas of activity.
将性别融入环境分析或者进行环境分析时考虑性别因素这一前瞻性策略要获得完全的成功取决于三个方面在墨西哥,政府决定把相当于总预算0.85%的资金用于促进性别平等项目。
12. Much of modern environmental analysis is framed by the technical/ scientific paradigm and relies mostly on quantitative biophysical data.
许多先到环境分析沿用技术/科学模式,主要依赖对生物物理数据的定量分析。
13.Much of the work on gender and environment, on the other hand, is framed by a social science approach relying more on qualitative material, case study narratives, and anecdotal [?nek'd?utl] evidence.
另一方面,大部分对性别、环境的研究都沿用社会科学的办法。该方法更多地依赖材料的性质、案例的说明和以个人经验的描述作为证据
11.It is difficult enough to mainstream social considerations within environmental work; adding gender as a third dimension is even more challenging.
12.把社会因素作为研究环境问题时的主要考虑因素是有相当难度的。何况,性别作为又一考虑因素而加入其中,就更加具有挑战性了
13.It is not unusual for environmentalists to consider that attention to gender diverts energy and time away from pressing issues; it is ―like rearranging the chairs on the Titanic‖, one environmentalist was recently cited as saying.
14.环境保护者认为,对性别问题予以关注会占用本该用来解决紧迫问题所需的精力和时间。这种想法并非不正常。一个环境保护者所说的话最近常被当作格言而引用,―这如同在泰坦尼克号上把所有的椅子都重新排列一样‖
Uint7
1.It was a big, squarish frame house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires
and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street.
那是一幢过去漆成白色的四方形大木屋,坐落在当年一条最考究的街道上,还装点着有十九世纪七十年代风格的圆形屋顶,尖塔和涡形花纹的阳台,带有浓厚的轻盈气息
2.But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that
neighborhood.
可是汽修厂和轧棉机之类的东西侵犯了这一带庄严的名字,将他们涂抹的一干二净。
3.only Miss Emily's house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the
gasoline pumps 一an eyesore among eyesores.
只有爱米丽小姐的屋子岿然独存,四周簇拥着棉花车和汽油泵.房子虽已破败,却还是桀骜不驯,装模作样,真是丑中之丑.
4.And now Miss Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the
cedar--bemused cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and Confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson.
现在艾米丽小姐已经加入了那些名字庄严的代表人物的行列,他们沉睡在雪松环绕的墓园中,那里尽是一排排在南北战争时期杰斐逊战役中阵亡的南方和北方的有名或无名的军人墓。
5.Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care;a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town,dating
from that day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor ---he who fathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron---remitted her taxes,the dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.
艾米丽小姐在世时,始终是一个传统的化身,是义务的象征,也是人们关注的对象。打1849年某日镇长沙多里斯上校---也就是他下了一道命令要求黑人妇女须系围裙才能上街---豁免了她一切应纳的税款起,她就成了全镇沿袭下来的一种义务,她免税的期限是从她父亲去世之日起,到她去世之日止。
6.Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily‘s father had loaned money to the town,
which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying.
沙多里斯上校编造了一大套无中生有的话,说是爱米丽的父亲曾经贷款给镇政府,因此,镇政府作为一种交易,宁愿以这种方式偿还.
7.When the Negro opened the blinds of one window, they could see that the leather was cracked;and when they
sat down, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with slow motes in the single sun-ray.
黑人掀开一扇窗帘,这时,便可看出皮套子已经坼裂;等他们坐了下来,大腿两边就有一阵灰尘冉冉上升,尘粒在那一缕阳光中缓缓旋转.
8.On a tarnished gilt easel before the fireplace stood a crayon portrait of Miss Emily's father:
壁炉前已经失去金色光泽的画架上面放着艾米丽父亲的炭笔画像
9.She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue. She was so fat and
swollen that she looked like a body with a pale color which was submerged in motionless water for a long time.
她看上去像长久泡在死水中的一具死尸,肿胀发白.
10.Her eyes, lost in the fatty ridges of her face, looked like two small pieces of coal pressed into a lump of dough
as they moved from one face to another while the visitors stated their errand.
当客人说明来意时,她那双凹陷在一脸隆起的肥肉之中,活像揉在一团生面中的两个小煤球似的眼睛不住地移动着,时而瞧瞧这张面孔,时而打量那张面孔。
11.So she vanquished them, horse and foot, just as she had vanquished their father s thirty years before about the
smell.
她就这样把他们"连人带马"地打败了,正如三十年前为了那股气味的事战胜了他们的父辈一样.
12.four men crossed Miss Emily‘s lawn and slunk about t he house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the
brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of
a sack slung from his shoulder. They broke open the cellar door and sprinkled lime there, and in all the
outbuildings.
有四个人穿过了艾米丽小姐家的草坪,像夜盗一样绕着屋子潜行,沿着墙角以及地窖通风处拼命闻嗅,
而其中一个人则用手从挎在肩上的袋子中掏出什么东西,不断做着播种的动作。他们打开了地窖的门,在那里以及所有的外屋里都撒了石灰。
13.We had long thought of them as a tableau, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a
spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and chutching a horsewhip; the two of them framed by the back-flung front door.
长久以来,我们把这家人看做一幅画中的人物:身段苗条,穿着白衣的爱米丽小姐立在后面,她父亲叉开双脚的侧影在前面,背对爱米丽,手持一根马鞭,一扇向后开的前门恰好嵌住了他们俩的身影
14.So when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased exactly, but vindicated; even with
insanity in the family she wouldn‘t have turned down all of her chances if they had really materialized.
因此当她年近三十,尚未结婚时,我们实在没有高兴的心理,只是觉得先前的看法得到了证实。即令她家有着疯癫的血液吧,如果真有机会摆在她面前,她也不至于断然放过一切机会。
15.Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.
如今她也体会到多一便士就激动喜悦,少一便士痛苦失望的那种人皆有的心情了。
16.Presently we began to see him and Miss Emily on Sunday afternoons driving in the yellow-wheeled buggy and
the matched team of bays from the livery stable.
过了不久,逢到礼拜天的下午我们就看到他和爱米丽小姐一齐驾着轻便马车出游了。那辆黄轮车配上从马房中挑出的栗色辕马,十分相称。
17.This behind their hands; rustling of craned silk and satin behind jalousies closed upon the sun of
Sunday afternoon as the thin, swift clop-clop-clop of the matched team passed: ―Poor Emily.‖ //rustling n. 瑟瑟声,沙沙声Crane: n.鹤, 起重机Silk and satin: 绸缎jalousie n. 百叶窗
而这句话他们是用手捂住嘴轻轻地说的;轻快的马蹄得得驶去的时候,关上了遮挡星期日午后骄阳的百叶窗,还可听出绸缎的窸窣声:―可怜的爱米丽。‖
18.It was as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of her dignity as the last Grierson; as if
it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness.
仿佛她比历来都更要求人们承认她作为格里尔生家族末代人物的尊严;仿佛她的尊严就需要同世俗的接触来重新肯定她那不受任何影响的性格。
19.She was over thirty then, still a slight woman, though thinner than usual, with cold, haughty black
eyes in a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples and about the eye-sockets as you imagine a lighthouse-keeper‘s face ought to look.
//haughty adj. disdainfully proud 傲慢的eye-socket n. 眼窝处
她当时已三十出头,依然是个削肩细腰的女人,只是比往常更加清瘦了,一双黑眼冷酷高傲,脸上的肉在两边的太阳穴和眼窝处绷得很紧,那副面部表情是你想象中的灯塔守望人所应有的。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413550485.html,ter we said, ―Poor Emily‖ behind the jalousies as they passed on Sunday afternoon in the
glittering buggy, Miss Emily with her head high and Homer Barron with his hat cocked and a cigar in his teeth, reins and whip in a yellow glove.
以后每逢礼拜天下午他们乘着漂亮的轻便马车驰过:爱米丽小姐昂着头,荷默歪戴着帽子,嘴里叼着雪茄烟,戴着黄手套的手握着马缰和马鞭。我们在百叶窗背后都不禁要说一声:―可怜的爱米丽。‖
21.as if that quality of her father which had thwarted her woman‘s life so many times had been too
virulent and too furious to die.
她父亲的性格三番五次地使她那作为女性的一生平添波折,而这种性格仿佛太恶毒,太狂暴,还不肯消失似的。Virulent 有毒的,有恶意的,充满敌意的
22.Now and then we would see her in one of the downstairs windows –she had evidently shut up the
top floor of the house—like the carven torso of an idol in a niche, looking or not looking at us, we could never tell which. Thus she passed from generation to generation ---dear, inescapable,
impervious, tranquil, and perverse. --- She was just like a statue of an idol and we don‘t know whether she was looking at us or not.
不时我们在楼底下的一个窗口—她显然是把楼上封闭起来了—见到她的身影,像神龛中的一个偶像的雕塑躯干,我们说不上她是不是在看着我们。她就这样度过了一代又一代—高贵,无法逃避,无法接近,怪僻乖张。
23.She died in one of the downstairs rooms, in a heavy walnut bed with a curtain, her gray head propped on a
pillow yellow and moldy with age and lack of sunlight. (Para.53)
她死在楼下一间屋子里,笨重的胡桃木床上还挂着床帷,她那长满铁灰头发的头枕着的枕头由于用了多年而又不见阳光,已经黄得发霉了。
24.They held the funeral on the second day, with the town coming to look at Miss Emily beneath a mass of
bought flowers, with the crayon face of her father musing profoundly above the bier and the ladies sibilant and macabre;
他们第二天就举行了丧礼,全镇的人都跑来看看覆盖着鲜花的爱米丽小姐的尸体。停尸架上方悬挂着她父亲的炭笔画像,一脸深刻沉思的表情,妇女们唧唧喳喳地谈论着死亡.
25.confusing time with its mathematical progression, as the old do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road
but ,instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them no by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years.
他们把按数学级数向前推进的时间给搅乱了。这是老年人常有的情形。在他们看来,过去的岁月不是一条越来越窄的路,而是一片广袤的连冬天也对它无所影响的大草地,只是近十年来才像窄小的瓶口一样,把他们同过去隔断了。
26.The violence of breaking down the door seemed to fill this room with pervading dust. A thin, acrid pall as of the
tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as for a bridal, upon the valance curtains of faded rose color, upon the rose-shaded lights, upon the dressing table, upon th e array of crystal and the man‘s toilet things backed with tarnished silver, silver so tarnished that the monogram was obscured. …
V alance:床沿挂布;帷幔;挂布
门猛烈地打开,震得屋里灰尘弥漫。这间布置得像新房的屋子,仿佛到处都笼罩着墓室一般的淡淡的阴惨惨的氛围:败了色的玫瑰色窗帘,玫瑰色的灯罩,梳妆台,一排精细的水晶制品和白银作底的男人盥洗用具,但白银已毫无光泽,连刻制的姓名字母图案都已无法辨认了。杂物中有一条硬领和领带,仿佛刚从身上取下来似的,把它们拿起来时,在台面上堆积的尘埃中留下淡淡的月牙痕。椅子上放着一套衣服,折叠得好好的;椅子底下有两只寂寞无声的鞋和一双扔了不要的袜子。
27.The body had apparently once lain in the attitude of an embrace, but now the long sleep that outlasts love, that
conquers even the grimace of love, had cuckolded him.
那尸体躺在那里,显出一度是拥抱的姿势,但那比爱情更能持久、那战胜了爱情的熬煎的永恒的长眠已经使他驯服了.
28.Then we noticed that in the second pillow was the indentation of a head. One of us lifted something from it, and
leaning forward, that faint and invisible dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair.
后来我们才注意到旁边那只枕头上有人头压过的痕迹。我们当中有一个人从那上面拿起了什么东西,大家凑近一看——这时一股淡淡的干燥发臭的气味钻进了鼻孔——原来是一绺长长的铁灰色头发。
Indentation:凹口,凹陷,压痕,刻痕
英文缩写(英语星期月份等) 星期 星期一:Mon.=Monday 星期二:Tues.=Tuesday 星期三:Wed.=Wednesday 星期四:Thur.=Thurday 星期五:Fri.=Friday 星期六:Sat.=Saturday 星期天:Sun.=Sunday 月份 一月份=JAN. Jan.=January 二月份=FEB. Feb.=February 三月份=MAR. Mar.=March 四月份=APR. Apr.=April 五月份=MAY May=May 六月份=JUN. Jun.=June 七月份=JUL. Jul.=July 八月份=AUG. Aug.=August 九月份=SEP. Sept.=September 十月份=OCT. Oct.=October 十一月份=NOV. Nov.=November 十二月份=DEC. Dec.=December
注意:“.”不能省略!!! 这里给大家个例子,比如今天2007年3月20日Mar.20,2007 写日期时,可以用基数词(避免出现不必要的失误)1,2,3,4,5,。。。。。28,29,30,31等。 怎样用英语表达年、月、日 .Wvr361 { display:none; } 一、年份 在英语中,年份一般用阿拉伯数字写出,其读。写方法有以下几种: 1、四位数的年份,一般前两个数为一个单位,后两个数为一个单位,依次按基数词读出。如: 1763年写作:1763读作:seventeen sixty-three或seventeen hundred and sixty-three 2006年写作:2006。读作:two thousand and six 2063年写作:2063。读作:twenty sixtythree或twenty hundred and sixty-three 1050年写作:1050。读作:ten fifty或ten hundred and fifty 海量范文写作https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413550485.html, / 2、三位数的年份,可以按基数词读出,或者第一个数字为一个单位,后两个数字为一个单位,按基数词读出。如: 385年写作:385。读作:three hundred and eighty-five或three eighty-five 509年写作:509。读作:five hundred and nine或five O nine 3、两位数的年份,直接按基数词读出。如: 公元前59年写作:59 B.C. 读作:fifty-nine B.C. (B.C. /`bi:`si:/是英文before Christ/kraist/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元前……年"。) 公元8年写作:8 A.D. 读作:eight A.D.(A.D.是拉丁文Anno Domini /` AnEu`dCminai/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元……年"。在不会引起误解的情况下常将其省略。) 二、月份 月份开头第一个字母必须大写。"……月上/中/下旬"的表达方式为:early/mid/late 月份名称。如:
美式英語是要以月/日/年英式英語是要以日/月/年 中國語文是以年/月/日 January (Jan.) 一月;February (Feb.) 二月;March (Mar.) 三月;April (Apr.) 四月; May (may.)五月;June(Jun.)六月; July(Jul.)七月;August(Aug.)八月;September(Sept.)九月;October(Oct.)十月;November(Nov.)十一月;December(Dec.)十二月 . 常用的星期英文縮寫: 星期一:Mon.=Monday 星期二: Tues.=Tuesday 星期三:Wed.=Wednesday 星期四: Thur.=Thurday 星期五:Fri.=Friday 星期六: Sat.=Saturday
星期天:Sun.=Sunday 英語日期中的大寫、縮寫 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th ; 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th ;21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st 英语月份的来历、简写、缩写 月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称 一月Jan. January 二月Feb. February 三月Mar. March 四月Apr. April 五月May. May 六月June. June 七月July. July 八月Aug. Aguest 九月Sept. September 十月Oct. October 十一月Nov. November 十二月Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep是错误的。
月份的缩写 美式英語是要以月/日/年 英式英語是要以日/月/年 中國語文是以年/月/日 January (Jan.) 一月; February (Feb.) 二月; March (Mar.) 三月; April (Apr.) 四月; May (may.)五月; June(Jun.)六月; July(Jul.)七月; August(Aug.)八月; September(Sept.)九月; October(Oct.)十月; November(Nov.)十一月; December(Dec.)十二月 . 後面要打點(.)啊 還有這些詞不可以用在句子的未尾,且月份的縮寫只有跟日一起用才能縮寫,單獨在句中是不能縮寫 常用的星期英文縮寫: 星期一: Mon.=Monday 星期二: Tues.=Tuesday 星期三: Wed.=Wednesday 星期四: Thur.=Thurday 星期五: Fri.=Friday 星期六: Sat.=Saturday 星期天: Sun.=Sunday 英語日期中的大寫、縮寫 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th ; 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th ;21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st 英语月份的来历、简写、缩写
月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称 一月 Jan. January 二月 Feb. February 三月 Mar. March 四月 Apr. April 五月 May. May 六月 June. June 七月 July. July 八月 Aug. Aguest 九月 Sept. September 十月 Oct. October 十一月 Nov. November 十二月 Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep 是错误的。 公历一年有12个月,起源于古罗马历法。罗马原来只有10个月,古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾,后来朱里斯·凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初,成为1月、2月,原来的1月、2月便成了3月、4月,依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。 January——1月在罗马传说中,有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神,生有先后两副脸,一副回顾过去,一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名,很有意义。英语January,便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。 February——2月每年2月初,罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒,欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天,人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子,抽打不育的妇女,以求怀孕生子。这一天,人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过,洗刷自己的灵魂,求得神明的饶恕,使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语2月February,便是由拉丁文Februar-ius(即菲勃卢姆节)演变而来。 March——3月 3月,原是罗马旧历法的1月,新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后,原来的1月变成3月,但罗马人仍然把3月看做是一年的开始。另外,按照传统习惯,3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯,人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为3月的月名。英语3月March,便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。April——4月罗马的4月,正是大地回春,鲜花初绽的美好季节。英文4月April便由拉丁文April(即开花的日子)演变而来。 May——5月罗马神话中的女神玛雅,专门司管春天和生命。为了纪念这位女神,罗马人便用她的名字——拉丁文Maius命名5月,英文5月May便由这位女神的名字演变而来。 June——6月罗马神话中的裘诺,是众神之王,又是司管生育和保护妇女的神。古罗马对她十分崇敬,便把6月奉献给她,以她的名字——拉丁文Junius来命名6月。英语6月June便由这位女神的名字演变而来。也有学者认为,Junius可能是拉丁家族中一个显赫贵族的姓氏。 July——7月罗马统治者朱里斯·凯撒大帝被刺死后,著名的罗马将军马克· 安东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的7月,用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius(即朱里斯)命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语7月July由此演变而来。 August——8月朱里斯·凯撒死后,由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名,他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在9月,但他选定8月。因为他登基后,罗马元老院在8月授予他
Unit 4 An English friend 制作人:陆子茜 班级:娄葑实验小学五(1)班
先来复习一下12个月份的英文缩写!?1月January Jan. ?2月February Feb. ?3月March Mar. ?4月April Apr. ?5月May May. ?6月June Jun. ?7月July Jul. ?8月August Aug. ?9月September Sept. ?10月October Oct. ?11月November Nov. ?12月December Dec. ?May 是没有缩写的,其他的如上,缩写第一个字母一定要大写,后面得有个点。
先自己读课文两遍,不熟的单词圈出来!然后来完成下面的练习!看看谁对的最多,每回答一个加一个★!?1、What 's your name? ?2、What your hobby? ?3、what usually do on Sundays? ?4、What subject do you like? ?5、How old are you? ?6、How many peoples on your family??7、How are you ? ?8、Do you have a English name? ?9、What your friend name?
先来读读下面的单词,会读的圈出来!然后猜猜下面的图片是什么? ?e-mail speak loudly run fast ?jump high walk carefully sit quietuly ?dance beautifully live in London in the sea ?on the beach a small town near London ?play table tennis with Wang Bing under the tree
12月份的各个月英文简写英文全称以及介绍每一个月 一月 Jan. January 二月 Feb. February 三月 Mar. March 四月 Apr. April 五月 May. May 六月 June. June 七月 July. July 八月 Aug. Aguest 九月 Sept. September 十月 Oct. October 十一月 Nov. November 十二月 Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep是错误的。 首先;公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有十个月,古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾,后来朱里斯·凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初,成为一月、二月,原来的一月、二月便成了三月、四月,依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。 先看七月八月九月十月。 July ——七月 罗马统治者朱里斯·凯撒大帝被刺死后,著名的罗马将军马克·安东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的七月,用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius(即朱里斯)命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语七月July由此演变而来。 August ——八月
朱里斯·凯撒死后,由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名,他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在九月,但他选定八月。因为他登基后,罗马元老院在八月授予他Augustus(奥古斯都)的尊号。于是,他决定用这个尊号来命名八月。原来八月比七月少一天,为了和凯撒平起平坐,他又决定从二月中抽出一天加在八月上。从此,二月便少了一天。英语八月August便由这位皇帝的拉丁语尊号演变而来。 September ——九月 老历法的七月,正是凯撒大帝改革历法后的九月,拉丁文Septem是“七”月的意思。虽然历法改革了,但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼九月。英语九月September,便由此演变而来。 October ——十月 英语十月,来自拉丁文Octo,即“八”的意思。它和上面讲的九月一样,历法改了,称呼仍然沿用未变。 附其他的月份: January ——一月 在罗马传说中,有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神,生有先后两副脸,一副回顾过去,一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名,很有意义。英语January,便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。 February ——二月 每年二月初,罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒,欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天,人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子,抽打不育的妇女,以求怀孕生子。这一天,人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过,洗刷自己的灵魂,求得神明的饶恕,使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语二月February,便是由拉丁文Februar- ius(即菲勃卢姆节)演变而来。 March ——三月 三月,原是罗马旧历法的一月,新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后,原来的一月变成三月,但罗马人仍然把三月看做是一年的开始。另外,按照传统习惯,三月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯,人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为三月的月名。英语三月March,便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。 April ——四月
了英语的日期格式2009-12-29 10:52 一、书写方面先看下面的两个例子: 1. 1986年10月23日→October 23(rd), 1986 2. 2002年1月17日→January 17(th), 2002 从上面的例子可以看出,英语日期的表达与汉语不同。英语表达的顺序为\"月、日、年\",因此2004年11月8日就可写成November 8th, 2004,还可表示为November eighth, 2004。另外,也可写成\"日、月、年\",8th November, 2004即the eighth of November, 2004。 1)“日子”用基数词和序数词都可以接受 如:March 28th, 2009 / March 28, 2009 2)“月份”和“日子”可以换位 英式:28 March, 2009 美式:March 28,2009 3)缩写时容易造成误解,英式:“日/月/年”;美式“月/日/年” 如:2009年3月1日 英式缩写:01/03/2009 美式缩写:03/01/2009
两种方法都存在,英式写法的顺序比较受欢迎,国际使用较多。 二、朗读方面 在朗读时,\"月份\"一般直接用英语读出;\"日\"则要读成\"the + 序数词\";读年份时,一般分为两个单位来读,前两个数为一个单位,后两个数为一个单位。如:1982年读 作nineteen eighty-two, 1900年读作nineteen hundred。如果是三位数,先读第一位, 再把后两个数合起来读。如:984年可读为nine eighty-four,757年读成seven fifty-seven。 另外,像2000年一般读成two thousand, 2001年则读成two thousand and one,以此类推,2004年应读成two thousand and four。 January 12th, 1993读成January the twelfth, nineteen ninety-three。 第三个数字为“零”(其他数字不是“零”)的年份的读法应当将该“零”读为O[u]。例如: 1809年读作 eighteen O nine 另外,还有一些非四位数的年份,它们有两种读法:一种是按照基数词的方法来读,另一种是一个一个数字来读。例如: 531BC读作 five three one BC(或five hundred and thirty-one BC) 在英语里,表达日期时常涉及字母的大写、单词的缩写和标点符号。现将其要点归纳如下: 一、字母的大写
常用英文缩写(英语星期月份等) 星期 星期一:Mon.=Monday 星期二:Tues.=Tuesday 星期三:Wed.=Wednesday 星期四:Thur.=Thurday 星期五:Fri.=Friday 星期六:Sat.=Saturday 星期天:Sun.=Sunday 月份 一月份=JAN. Jan.=January 二月份=FEB. Feb.=February 三月份=MAR. Mar.=March 四月份=APR. Apr.=April 五月份=MAY May=May 六月份=JUN. Jun.=June 七月份=JUL. Jul.=July 八月份=AUG. Aug.=August 九月份=SEP. Sept.=September 十月份=OCT. Oct.=October 十一月份=NOV. Nov.=November 十二月份=DEC. Dec.=December 注意:“.”不能省略!!! 这里给大家个例子,比如今天2007年3月20日Mar.20,2007 写日期时,可以用基数词(避免出现不必要的失误)1,2,3,4,5,。。。。。28,29,30,
31等。 怎样用英语表达年、月、日 一、年份 在英语中,年份一般用阿拉伯数字写出,其读。写方法有以下几种: 1、四位数的年份,一般前两个数为一个单位,后两个数为一个单位,依次按基数词读出。如: 1763年写作:1763读作:seventeen sixty-three或seventeen hundred and sixty-three 2006年写作:2006。读作:two thousand and six 2063年写作:2063。读作:twenty sixtythree或twenty hundred and sixty-three 1050年写作:1050。读作:ten fifty或ten hundred and fifty 海量范文写作https://www.doczj.com/doc/c413550485.html,/ 2、三位数的年份,可以按基数词读出,或者第一个数字为一个单位,后两个数字为一个单位,按基数词读出。如: 385年写作:385。读作:three hundred and eighty-five或three eighty-five 509年写作:509。读作:five hundred and nine或five O nine 3、两位数的年份,直接按基数词读出。如: 公元前59年写作:59 B.C. 读作:fifty-nine B.C. (B.C. /`bi:`si:/是英文before Christ/kraist/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元前……年"。) 公元8年写作:8 A.D. 读作:eight A.D.(A.D.是拉丁文Anno Domini /` AnEu`dCminai/的缩写,用在年份后,表示"公元……年"。在不会引起误解的情况下常将其省略。) 二、月份 月份开头第一个字母必须大写。"……月上/中/下旬"的表达方式为:early/mid/late 月份名称。如: early February二月上旬;mid-February二月中旬;late February二月下旬。 三、日期
美式英語是要以月/日/年英式英語是要以日/月/年中國語文是以年/月/日January (Jan.) 一月;February (Feb.) 二月;March (Mar.) 三月;April (Apr.) 四月; May (may.)五月; June(Jun.)六月; July(Jul.)七月; August(Aug.)八月;September(Sept.)九月;October(Oct.)十月;November(Nov.)十一月;December(Dec.)十二月.
後面要打點(.)啊 還有這些詞不可以用在句子的未尾,且月份的縮寫只有跟日一起用才能縮寫,單獨在句中是不能縮寫 常用的星期英文縮寫: 星期一:Mon.=Monday 星期二:Tues.=Tuesday 星期三:Wed.=Wednesday 星期四:Thur.=Thurday 星期五:Fri.=Friday 星期六:Sat.=Saturday 星期天:Sun.=Sunday 英語日期中的大寫、縮寫 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th ; 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th ;21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st 英语月份的来历、简写、缩写
月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写英文全称月份英文简写 英文全称 一月Jan. January 二月Feb. February 三月Mar. March 四月Apr. April 五月May. May 六月June. June 七月July. July 八月Aug. Aguest 九月Sept. September 十月Oct. October 十一月Nov. November 十二月Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep是错误的。 公历一年有12个月,起源于古罗马历法。罗马原来只有10个月,古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾,后来朱里斯·凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初,成为1月、2月,原来的1月、2月便成了3月、4月,依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。 January——1月在罗马传说中,有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神,生有先后两副脸,一副回顾过去,一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名,很有意义。英语January,便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。 February——2月每年2月初,罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒,欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天,人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子,抽打不育的妇女,以求怀孕生子。这一天,人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过,洗刷自己的灵魂,求得神明的饶恕,使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语2 月February,便是由拉丁文Februar-ius(即菲勃卢姆节)演变而来。 八月十号用英语写缩写
12月份的各个月英文简写 英文全称以及介绍每一个月 一月 Jan. January 二月 Feb. February 三月 Mar. March 四月 Apr. April 五月 May. May 六月June. June 七月July. July 八月 Aug. August 九月 Sept. September 十月 Oct. October 十一月 Nov. November 十二月 Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep是错误的。 首先; 公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有十个月,古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾,后来朱里斯·凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初,成为一月、二月,原来的一月、二月便成了三月、四月,依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。 先看七月八月九月十月。
July ——七月 罗马统治者朱里斯·凯撒大帝被刺死后,著名的罗马将军马克·安东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的七月,用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius(即朱里斯)命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语七月 July由此演变而来。 August ——八月 朱里斯·凯撒死后,由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名,他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在九月,但他选定八月。因为他登基后,罗马元老院在八月授予他Augustus (奥古斯都)的尊号。于是,他决定用这个尊号来命名八月。原来八月比七月少一天,为了和凯撒平起平坐,他又决定从二月中抽出一天加在八月上。从此,二月便少了一天。英语八月August便由这位皇帝的拉丁语尊号演变而来。 September ——九月 老历法的七月,正是凯撒大帝改革历法后的九月,拉丁文Septem 是“七”月的意思。虽然历法改革了,但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼九月。英语九月 September,便由此演变而来。 October ——十月 英语十月,来自拉丁文Octo,即“八”的意思。它和上面讲的九月一样,历法改了,称呼仍然沿用未变。 附其他的月份:
月份的各个月-英文简写-英文全称以及介绍每一个月
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12月份的各个月英文简写英文全称以及介绍每一个月 一月 Jan.January 二月Feb. February 三月 Mar. March 四月Apr. April 五月 May. May 六月June. June 七月July. July 八月 Aug. Aguest 九月Sept. September 十月Oct. October 十一月Nov.November 十二月Dec. December 注意:正规的英语中六月,七月,九月的缩写是4个字母,其他月份3个字母。挂历上见到的Jun,Jul,Sep是错误的。 首先;公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有十个月,古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾,后来朱里斯·凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初,成为一月、二月,原来的一月、二月便成了三月、四月,依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。 先看七月八月九月十月。 July——七月 罗马统治者朱里斯·凯撒大帝被刺死后,著名的罗马将军马克·安东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的七月,用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius(即朱里斯)命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语七月July由此演变而来。 August ——八月
朱里斯·凯撒死后,由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名,他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在九月,但他选定八月。因为他登基后,罗马元老院在八月授予他Augustus(奥古斯都)的尊号。于是,他决定用这个尊号来命名八月。原来八月比七月少一天,为了和凯撒平起平坐,他又决定从二月中抽出一天加在八月上。从此,二月便少了一天。英语八月August便由这位皇帝的拉丁语尊号演变而来。 September ——九月 老历法的七月,正是凯撒大帝改革历法后的九月,拉丁文Septem是“七”月的意思。虽然历法改革了,但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼九月。英语九月Sept ember,便由此演变而来。 October ——十月 英语十月,来自拉丁文Octo,即“八”的意思。它和上面讲的九月一样,历法改了,称呼仍然沿用未变。 附其他的月份: January ——一月 在罗马传说中,有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神,生有先后两副脸,一副回顾过去,一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名,很有意义。英语January,便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。 February ——二月 每年二月初,罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒,欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天,人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子,抽打不育的妇女,以求怀孕生子。这一天,人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过,洗刷自己的灵魂,求得神明的饶恕,使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语二月February,便是由拉丁文Februar- ius(即菲勃卢姆节)演变而来。 March ——三月 三月,原是罗马旧历法的一月,新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后,原来的一月变成三月,但罗马人仍然把三月看做是一年的开始。另外,按照传统习惯,三月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯,人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为三月的月名。英语三月March,便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。 April ——四月