英语词汇学习题集（Chapter 1—Chapter 3）
Chapter 1 The Basic Concepts of Words and
Vocabulary
1. Decide whether the following are true or false.
( ) a. A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view.
( ) b. Under no circumstances can sound and meaning be logically related.
( ) c. The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form.
( ) d. The words a person can use in speaking and writing form his active vocabulary.
( ) e. The principles by which to classify words are usage, notion and origin.
( ) f. Native words are more popular than foreign words.
( ) g. Native words enjoy the same features as the basic word stock and more.
2. Give a term for each of the following definitions.
a. sub-standard words often used on informal occasions ( )
b. specialized vocabulary common in certain professions ( )
c. words used by sup-cultural groups particularly by underground society ( )
d. words that have clear notions ( )
e. words of Anglo-Saxon origin( )
f. words borrowed by way of translation ( )
g. old words with new meanings( )
Key:
1. a.(T) b.(F) c.(T) d.(T) e.(F) f.(F) g.(T)
2. a. slang b. jargon c. argot d. content words e. native words f. translation loans g. neologisms
Chapter 3 Morphological Structure of English Words
1. Explain the following terms:
1) morpheme 2) allomorph
3) bound morpheme 4) free morpheme
5) affix 6) inflectional affix
7) derivational affix 8) root
9) stem
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd10623713.html,plete the following sentences with proper words according to the text.
1) Structurally, a word is not the_________ unit because many words are analyzable or segmentable.
2) The morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of ___________.
3) Morphemes fall into different classes by different criteria of classification. Now people tent to group morphemes into groups:_________ and _________.
4) According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into groups:______ and_____.
5) The number of inflectional affixes is ________and ________, which makes English one of the easiest languages to learn.
6) Derivational affixes can be further divided into __________and ________.
7) A_________, whether free or bound, generally carries the main component of meaning in a word.
8) A________ can be defined as a form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Key:
1. 1) a minimum meaningful unit of a language
2) one of the variants that realize a morpheme
3) a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme
4) a morpheme that can stand alone
5) a morpheme attached to a stem or a root
6) an affix that indicates grammatical relationships
7) an affix that forms new words with a stem or a root
8) what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes
9) a form to which affixes of any kind can be added
2. 1) smallest 2) words
3) free morphemes, bound morphemes 4) inflectional (affixes), derivational (affixes)
5) small, stable 6) prefixes, suffixes
7) root 8) stem
Chapter 4 Word Formation
1.Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Put F and T in
the brackets.
( ) a. The most productive ways of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion.
( ) b. Shortening includes clipping and blending.
( ) c. Prefixation and suffixation are two subbranches of affixation.
( ) d. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems.
( ) e. Compounding is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. ( ) f. The limited number of verb compounds are created either through conversion or back-formation.
( ) g. Verb compounds in the way of back-formation are formed mainly by dropping prefixes.
( ) h. Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. These words are new only in a grammatical sense.
( ) i. Blending is the formation of new words by combining part of two words or a word plus a part of another word.
( ) j. Clipping, a way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and adding a new part to the original .
( ) k. Words formed through acronymy are called initialisms or acronyms, depending on the spelling of the words.
( ) l. Back-formation is the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.
2. Study the following words and decide how each word was formed. Put your
answer in the bracket.
Example: disobey (affixation or prefixation)
disloyal ( ) harden ( )
mass-produce ( ) motel ( )
downfall ( ) dorm ( )
incapable ( ) VOA ( )
glorify ( ) radar ( )
edit ( ) sandwich ( )
familiars ( ) gas ( )
water-proof ( ) quixotic ( )
Affixation
1. What is affixation?
2. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation?
3. What is the fundamental difference between prefixes and suffixes?
4. Match the prefixes in column A with the words in column B.
A B
dis- capable
il- willingness
im- legal
in- agreement
non- officially
un- convenient
smoker
5. Match the suffixes in Column A with the words in column B.
A B
-er book
-let friend
-ship wait
-tion china
-ese lady
-like protect
-able natural
-ly wash
-en dark
-fy beauty
Compounding
1. Express the following in one compound word:
a. someone who writes songs
b. someone who cleans windows
c. the race for arms
d. the train in the morning
e. a mine for gold
f. bathe in the sun
g. as cheap as dirt
h. tanned by the sun
2. The compounds in each of the following pairs are similar in structure. Please
indicate the different relations of the elements of the two compounds in each pair by syntactic paraphrases.
Example: duty-free: free from duties
raindrop flowerbed
air-tight sea-green
a well-meant remark a well-behaved person
war-ruined houses country-bred boys
a computer-designer a sun-bather
steam engine fire engine
silk worm gaslight
handwriting faultfinding
an ocean-going ship peace-loving people
language teacher baby-sitter
3. Translate the following into Chinese:
a. knee-deep f. pitch dark / black
b. life-like g. carefree
c. snow-white h. soundproof
d. nation-wide i. fireproof
e. shoulder-high j. lifelong
4. According to the definitions given below, write the other part of the noun
compounds, the first part already given.
a. a stretch of land, round a town, where building is not al-lowed, so that the
fields, woods, etc., remain: green___________
b. a booklet giving all the most important information about a subject:
hand_______
c. an idea that comes later: after_______
d. a pill which helps a person to sleep: sleeping_________
e. a headline repeated on consecutive pages (as of a book): running_________
f. a cloth that is used for washing one’s face and body: wash__________
g. strong sunlight as when there are no clouds: sun________
h. the action of forcing a way through the enemy: break__________
i. a public show of anger: out __________
j. a division into smaller parts: break_________
5. Turn the phrasal verbs below into compounds:
break through fall down break out
take in slide down cry out
run away hang over
Conversion
1. Choose the best answer to complete each statement.
( ) a. Conversion is a method_________.
A. of turning words of one part of speech to those of a dif-ferent part of speech
B. of converting words of one meaning into different meaning
C. of deriving words through grammatical means
D. of changing words in morphological structure
( ) b. Words involved in conversion are mainly_____________.
A nouns, verbs and adverbs
B nouns, adjectives and verbs
C nouns, prepositions and verbs
D adjectives, adverbs and verbs
( ) c. In a derivational process, an item is converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. The name is______.
A full conversion
B partial conversion
C functional shift
D zero-derivation
( ) d. Almost all monomorphemic _______ can be conversed into nouns, which are semantically related to the original verbs in various ways.
A verbs
B adjectives
C adverbs
D prepositions
( ) e. Nouns converted from adjectives nave all the characteristics of nouns and achieve a full noun status, thus known as ____________.
A partial conversion
B full conversion
C functional shift
D grammatical shift
( ) f. Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with ____________.
A plural forms
B single forms
C adjectives
D definite articles
( ) g. The conversion of two-syllable nouns into verbs involves a change of ________.
A spelling
B pronunciation
C stress
D function
( ) h. In most cases a noun can be converted to a verb ____________.
A with some changes
B without any change
C with some changes in spelling
D without any change in pronunciation
2. Give your explanation for each of the following converted words in the sentences below:
a. So she believed me and doctored my battered face, pleased that she could be useful.
b. The train was telescoped as a result of the collision.
c. We cannot mandate a solution to inflation.
d. A team of experts at Columbia is now cataloguing the tapes and indexing the transcripts, which will be available for scholarly research.
e. There will be a repeat of this program next week.
f. Heart transplants began ten years ago. Why have British doctors done only four since then?
g. In the choice of diction he has a taste for the quaint and the picturesque.
h. The correspondent tried to get an interview with the condemned.
k. The television drearies the ball game.
l. The president was sketchiest in broad-brushing his goals in foreign policy. Blending
1. Explain the characteristics of blending with examples.
2. Explain the four types of blends with examples.
3. Analyses the formation of the following blends and translate them into
Chinese.
botel skylab
chunnel humint
advertistics medicaid
workfare psywar
Nixonomics comsat
Clipping
1. Explain the characteristics of clipping with examples.
2. Give examples to explain the different types of clipping.
3. Read the following sentences and restore the full forms of the italicized
words.
a. Did you see the doctor’s dilemma on telly last night? ( )
b. Palestinian demos mark massacres. ( )
c. The America was the first to nuke two Japanese cities. ( )
d. Viet troops suffer setback in Kampuchea. ( )
e. The police asks for info on stolen computers. ( )
f. Rural credit co-ops to get more autonomy. ( )
g. Today, china acts to meet high-tech challenge. ( )
h. Setback for governing parties in euro vote. ( )
Acronymy
1. What do the short forms stand for?
EEC, OPEC, SLAM, ELSS, EDVAC, GEM, NSC, ERDA, ID
2. Explain the following words:
SALT laser AIDS V-Day D-Day G-man
Back-formation
1. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose
the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.
( ) a. Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of________.
A prefixation B. suffixation C. acronymy D. conversion
( ) b. Back-formation usually involves _ _____types of words.
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
( ) c. Stylistically, back-formed words are largely ______ and some of them have not gained public acceptance.
A. formal
B. adjectives
C. human nouns
D. informal
( ) d. Back-formation is the method of creating new words by ______ the so-called suffixes.
A. removing
B. combining
C. shortening
D. considering
2. Give the original words from which the following words are back-formed. globe-trot ______ brainwash ________
ghost-write ______ sleep-walk ________
spoon-feed ________ air-condition ________
book-keep _______ browbeat ______ _
caretake _ ______ gatecrash _______
housebreak _______ housekeep _______
mass-p0roduce _______ lase _______
proof-read _ ______ sightsee _______
stage-manage _______ merry-make _______
street-walk ______ _ window-shop _______
Words from Proper Names
Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
( ) a. Proper nouns form an important source of English vocabulary.
( ) b. Words derived from names include names of people, names of country, names of products and names of books.
( ) c. All the words denoting products come from the names of places where they were first made.
( ) d. Quite a few words come from names of books and thus take on the meaning of the books.
( ) e. When proper nouns are communized, many of them have lost their original identity.
( ) f. Proper nouns have rich cultural associations and thus stylistically vivid, impressive and thought-provoking.
( ) g. Proper nouns can not take suffixes.
Key:
1. a. T b. T c. T d. F e. T f. T
g.F h. T i. T j. F k. F l. T
2. Disloyal ( prefixation, affixation)
Harden (suffixation, affixation)
Mass-produce (back-formation)
Motel (blending)
Downfall (compounding, conversion)
dorm (clipping)
incapable (prefixation)
VOA (acronymy)
Glorify (suffixation)
Radar (acronymy)
Edit (back-formation)
Sandwich (word from proper names)
Gas (clipping)
Water-proof (compounding)
Quixotic (word from proper names)
Affixation
1. Affixation, also called derivation, is the formation of new words by adding affixes
to stems.
2. While prefixation is to create new words by adding prefixes to stems, suffi9xation
makes new words by adding suffixes to stems.
3. Generally speaking, prefixes do not change part of speech of the stems but their
meaning whereas suffixes do change part of speech but modify the meaning of stems.
4. dis + agreement il + legal
im + mature in + convenient/ in+ capable
non + smoker un + officially
un + willingness
5. waiter, booklet, friendship, protection, Chinese, ladylike, washable, naturally,
darken, beautify
Compounding
1. a. song writer b. window-cleaner
c. arms race
d. morning train
e. gold mine
f. sunbathe
g. dirt-cheap h. suntanned
2. a drop of rain
The bed for flowers
impermeable to air
as green as sea
a remark that is well meant
houses ruined by war
boys bred in the country
one who designs computer
one who bathes in the sun
engine powered or operated by steam
engine to prevent fire
worm that produces silk
light produced by gas
writing by hand
find fault
a ship that goes across oceans
people who love peace
one who teaches languages
one who sits with babies
3. a. 深可没膝的 b. 栩栩如生的 c. 雪白的
d. 全国性的
e. 齐肩高的
f. 漆黑的
g. 无忧无虑的h. 隔音的i. 防火的j. 终身的
4. a. green belt b. handbook c. afterthought
d. sleeping pill
e. running head
f. washcloth
g. sunshine h. breakthrough i. outcry j. breakup Conversion
1. a. A b. B c. D d. A e. B f. D g. C h. B
2. a. doctored = applied medicine to
b. was telescoped = became shorter by sliding into one another
c. mandate = work out a solution by issuing an authoritative or-der
d. cataloguing = making a catalogue of
indexing = making an index of
e. a repeat = a rebroadcast
f. transplants = instances of transplanting
g. the quaint = something quaint
the picturesque = something picturesque
h. the condemned = the person who has been convicted
i. moderns = modern painters
j. heavies = big shots
k. drearies = makes deary (dull)
1. broad-brushing = describing in broad outline
e.g. flush (flash = blush) smog (smoke = fog)
2. Four major patterns:
head +tail – motel (motor = hotel)
head +head – telex ( teleprinter = exchange)
head + word –medicare (medical +care)
word = tail – bookmobile (book + automobile)
3. botel (boat +hotel) 汽艇游客旅馆
chunnel (channel + tunnel) 海峡隧道
advertistics ( advertising + statistics)广告统计学
workfare (word + welfare) 工作福利
Nixonomics (Nixon + economics)尼克松的经济政策
skylab (sky + laboratory)太空实验室
humint ( human + intelligence) 谍报
medicaid (medical + aid)医疗援助计划
psywar (psychological + warfare)心理战
comsat (communications + satellite)通讯卫星
Clipping
1. Clipping is a way of making a new word by cutting a part off the original and
using what remains instead.
e. g. omnibus – bus
aeroplane – plane
examination – exam
bicycle – bike
2. Four types of clipping:
1) front + clipping telephone – phone
back clipping gentleman – gent
front and back clipping refrigerator – fridge
phrase clipping
3. a. television b. demonstrations c. nuclear
d. Vietnamese
e. information
f. co-operatives
g. high-technology h. European
Acronymy
1. EEC = European Economic Community
OPEC = Organization of petroleum exporting countries
SLAM = Supersonic low altitude missile
Strategic low altitude missile
ELSS = extravehicular life support system
EDVAC = electronic discrete variable automatic computer
GEM = ground effect machine
NSC= national Security Council
ERDA = energy research and development administration
ID = identity card
2. SALT: Strategic arms limitation talks
laser: lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome
V-Day: Victory Day
D-Day: decimalization day
G-man: Government man
Back-formation
1. a. B b. B c. D d. A
2. globe-trotter brainwashing
ghost-writer sleep-walker
spoon-fed air-conditioning
book-keeping browbeating
caretaker gatecrasher
housebreaker housekeeper
mass-production laser
proof-reading sightseeing
stage-manger merry-making
streetwalker window-shopping
Word from Proper Names
a. T
b. T
c. F
d. F
e. T
f. T
g. F
近十年高考英语高频词汇归纳 1 .alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2 .burst vi.n. 突然发生,爆裂 3. dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4 .blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5. consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6. split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7. spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8 .spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9. slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 1 0.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11. bacteria n. 细菌 12. breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd10623713.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精
高一英语必修1单词表 survey 调查；测验add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的ignore不理睬；忽视calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm（……）down （使）平静下来】 have got to 不得不；必须concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系be concerned about 关心；挂念walk the dog 溜狗loose adj 松的；松开的vet 兽医 go through 经历；经受Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）^ Netherlands 荷兰（西欧国家）Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的set down 记下；放下；登记series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套outdoors在户外；在野外？ spellbind 迷住；疑惑
on purpose 故意 in order to 为了 dusk 黄昏傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地@ power能力；力量；权力。face to face 面对面地curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty adj 积满灰尘的 no longer /not … any longer 不再partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历; suffer from 遭受；患病loneliness 孤单寂寞highway公路 recover痊愈；恢复 get/be tired of 对…厌烦pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包suitcase手提箱；衣箱 > overcoat大衣外套teenager 十几岁的青少年
来源：网络资源 2009-08-10 15:52:10 [标签：试卷词汇英语][当前4168家长在线讨论]高中英语词汇测试试卷（一） 1、communicate A. vi. 交往；vt.传送 B. n. 小包裹 C. n. 主人 D. vt. 随身携带 2、beancurd A. n. 豆腐 B. adj. 国内的 C. n. 地震 D. n. 奖章奖牌 3、conceited A. adj. 错误的 B. adj. 接收到的 C. n. 进入 D. adj. 骄傲自满的 4、athlete A. adj. 必要的，必需的 B. n. 病，疾病
C. vt. 发音 D. n. 田径运动员 5、employ A. vt. 雇佣 B. vt. 吮吸, 舔食 C. n. 自用的（食物等） D. vt. 利用, 剥削 6、operate A. n. 歌剧 B. vt. 急救 C. vt. 经营, 管理 D. vt. 利用 7、fetch A. vt.& vi. 去取, 去拿 B. n. 节目, 程序 C. n. 领袖, 领导 D. vt.& vi. 相信认为 8、swing A. vt. 挥舞, 摆动 B. vt. 追猎, 猎取 C. vi. 游泳 D. vt. 分发
9、gradually A. n. 段; 部分, 部门 B. adv. 逐渐地 C. adv. 廉价地 D. n. 移居者 10、injure A. vt. 追猎, 猎取 B. n. 水塘, 水池 C. vt. 损害, 伤害 D. n. 恩惠, 好意 11、petrol A. vi. 巡逻 B. adj. 特别的, 专门的 C. vt. 违反(规定) D. n. 汽油 12、landowner A. n. 地主, 土地所有者 B. n. 自豪 C. vt. 打断 D. adj. 幸运的 13、gymnastics A. adj. 易碎的
英语词汇学 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers .Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ] A. lewd → ignorant B. silly → foolish C. last → pleasure D. knave → boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ] A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ] A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ] A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ] A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ] A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ] A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ] A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated 9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ] A. clear grammar codes B. language notes
高一英语人教新课标必修1重点单词词组归纳总结 必修1 Unit 1 重点单词 1. add vt.增加；添加；补充说vi加；加起来；增添 2. upset vt&vi.使不安；使心烦adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的 3. ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 4. calm adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇静 5. concern vt.关系到；涉及n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 6. cheat n.欺骗；骗子vt.&vi.欺骗；骗取；欺诈；作弊 7. list vt.列出 8. share vt.分享；均分；分担n.一份；份额 9. series n.连续；系列 10. crazy adj.疯狂的；狂热的 11. purpose n.目的；意图 12. dare vt.&v.aux. 敢；胆敢 13. thunder n.雷；雷声vi打雷；雷鸣 14. entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地 15. power n.能力；力量；权力 16. according adv.依照 17. trust vt.&vi.信任；信赖 18. suffer vt.&vi遭受；忍受；经历. 19. questionnaire n.调查表；问卷 20. quiz n.测验；提问vt. 对…进行测验 21. situation n.情形；境遇；（建筑物等的）位置
22. communicate vt.交际；沟通；传达（感情、信息等） 23. habit n.习惯；习性 重点短语 1. Calm down 平静下来；镇定下来 2. Be concerned about 关心；挂念 3. Make a list of 列出… 4. Be crazy about 对…着迷 5. According to 根据…所说；按照 6. Get along with 与…相处；进展 7. Fall in love 相爱；爱上 8. Try out 试验；试用 9. add up 合计 10. set down 放下；记下；登记 11. get sth. done 做…；使…被做； 12. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物 13. go through 经历；经受； 14. a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 15. on purpose 故意 16. in order to 为了… 17. join in 参加；加入 18. communicate with 和…交流 19. face to face 面对面地 20. suffer from 遭受。。。 必修1 Unit 2 重点单词
高考英语词汇量测试题 1.Many species of animals are becoming every year due to pollution caused by man. A.idle B.solar C.extinct D.temporary 2.The large river turned into a small due to lack of rain A.steam B.stream C.scream D.dream 3.Do you mean to that I am a bad person? A.apply B.reply C.supply D.imply 4.It is a good idea to one’s money in a safe stock. A.recite B.purchase C. invest D.account 5.The in the bookstore is only available to students. A.discount B.recreation https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd10623713.html,edy D.blank 6.The standard of the people have dropped by a great degree in recent times. A.oral B.moral C.significant D.charming 7.One must conduct a great deal of before writing an article. A.search B.source C. resource D.research 8.Please us with a song or dance A. define B.cheat C.entertain D.bless 9.It is difficult to to a new culture and language. A.enter B.adjust C.generate D.disclose 10.The of the criminal act was two years in jail A.consequence B.stress C.basis D.affects 11.George can explain to you whatever information you need in about our program. A .fancy B.detail C.tone D.promotion 12.Ben is a friend of mine;Ican trust him with all of my secrets. A.loyal B.royal C.pleasant D.awful 13.It really me to see how much food we waste every day. https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd10623713.html,mands B.depresses C arises D.recommends 14.There was not enough to prove him guilty of crime
《英语词汇学》课程习题集 一、单选题 1. The word “humorousness” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. The word “nationalize” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 3. The word “decoding” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 4. Which of the following forms is not an allomorph of the morpheme “in-”? A. ig- B. ir- C. il- D. im- 5. Which of the following forms does not contain an allomorph of the inflectional morpheme of plurality? A. books B. pigs C. horses D. expense 6. According to ______, there is an intrinsic correspondence between sound and sense. A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists 7. According to ______ , there is not a logical connection between sound and sense. A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists 8. Most English words are _________ symbols. A. definite B. arbitrary C. infinite D. hereditary 9. From the point of view of ________, a direct connection between the symbol and its sense can be readily observed in a small group of words. A. nationalism B. anthropology C. linguistics D. motivation 10. Words motivated phonetically are called _________ words. A. onomatopoeic B. similar C. natural D. symbolic 11. In the sentence “John was asked to spy the enemy”, “spy” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 12. In the sentence “John was doctored by Mr. Smith in the hospital”, “doctor” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 13.In the sentence “John was asked to get into the office after a two-hour wait”, “wait”is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 14. In the sentence “John decided to nurse his sister himself”, “nurse” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲 英语词汇表 A a (an) art. 一（个、件……） abandon v. 放弃，抛弃 ability n. 能力；才能 able a. 能够；有能力的 abnormal a. 不正常的 aboard prep. 在（或上）船，飞机，火车等 abolish v. 废除 abortion n. 流产 about ad. 大约；到处；四处prep. 关于；在各处；四处above prep. 在……上面a. 上面的ad. 在……之上abroad ad. 到（在）国外 abrupt a. 突然的，不连贯的 absence n. 不在，缺席 absent a. 缺席，不在 absolute a. 绝对的 absorb v. 吸收 abstract a. & n. 抽象（的） absurd a. 荒谬的 abundant a. 丰富的 abuse v.滥用，虐待 academic a. & n. 学校的，学术的 academy n. 专科院校 accelerate v. 加快 accent n. 口音，音调 accept vt. 接受 access n. & v. 接近，进入 accessible a. 可接近的，可使用的 accident n. 事故，意外的事 accommodation n. 住宿，调节 accompany v. 陪伴 accomplish v. 完成，实现 account n. 账目；描述 accountant n. 会计师 accumulate v. 积累 accuracy n. 精确 accurate a. 精确 accuse v. 控告 accustomed a. 通常的，习惯的 ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛 achieve vt. 达到，取得 第 1 页共74 页
人教版XX必修一单词表 Un it 1 △survey /'s??ve? n.调查；测验 add up合计 upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. （upset, upset）使不安；使心烦ignore [i g ?n?:] vt.不理睬；忽视 calm [k a :m] vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm（…）down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 have got to不得不；必须 concern [k?n?s?n] vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到； n.担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj.松的；松开的 △vet n.兽医 go through 经历；经受 △Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） Netherla nds n.荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish [?d?:??犹太人的；犹太族的 Germa n [?d??m?n] adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的； n. 德国人；德语
△ Nazi n.纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的 set down 记下；放下；登记 series [?si?i:z] n.连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 △Kitty n.基蒂(女名) outdoors [?autd?z] adv.在户外；在野外 △spellbi nd [?spel?bafd] vt. (spellbou nd, spellbou nd) 迷住；迷惑on purpose [?p?p?s ]故意 in order to 为了.... dusk [d?sk] n.黄昏；傍晚 at dusk在黄昏时刻 thu nder [? nd??vi.打雷；雷鸣n.雷；雷声 en tire [in? tai?] adj.整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地 power [?pau?| n.能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtai n [?k?:t n] n.窗帘；门帘；幕布
一、选择题 1．The exam is over and the results will be on Friday afternoon. A．put down B．put off C．put up D．put away 2．The ice hotel built in Canada is _________snow and ice, so it doesn't last long. A．covered with B．made up of C．connected to D．provided with 3．—How much chocolate ice cream would you like, Linda? —, please. It’s my favorite. A．Only a little B．Just a few C．A lot D．None 4．He drove at such a high speed at the turning that the car almost went ______the road. A．on B．along C．from D．off 5．When you come across new words in reading, it is not a good idea to in a dictionary at once. A．make up them B．look up them C．make them up D．look them up 6．________, the Internet was only used by the government. But now it’s widely used in every field. A．As usual B．At first C．After all D．So far 7．—Who is your favorite singer, Mike? —TF Boys. They are very ____ boys and girls. A．proud of B．popular with C．strict with D．worried about 8．--- It’s getting dark. Could you please ____ the light for me? --- All right. Just a minute. A．keep on B．turn on C．try on D．put on 9．--- Alice’s room is tidy, isn't it? ---Yes. She always _____ her toys after playing with them. A．looks for B．puts away C．sweeps away D．pays for 10．--You hate that TV play, don’t you? --Not _______. I just think it’s a bit boring. A．likely B．exactly C．nearly D．carefully 11．Susan _______ her friend’s invitation, for she has an important meeting to take part in. A．cut down B．pulled down C．turned down D．wrote down 12．—What do you think of your English teacher? —She is a good and caring one. Though her teaching style that of most other teachers, she
人教版高一英语必修1单词表 Unit 1 1.survey 调查；测验 2.add up 合计 3.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 4.ignore不理睬；忽视 5.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm...down（使）平静下来 6.have got to 不得不；必须 7.concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 8.be concerned about 关心；挂念 9.walk the dog 溜狗 10.loose adj 松的；松开的 11.vet 兽医 12.go through 经历；经受 13.Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd10623713.html,herlands 荷兰（西欧国家） 15.Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 16.German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。 17.Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 18.set down 记下；放下；登记 19.series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 20.outdoors在户外；在野外 21.spellbind 迷住；疑惑 22.on purpose 故意 23.in order to 为了 24.dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 25.thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声 26.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 27.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 28.power能力；力量；权力。 29.face to face 面对面地 30.curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布 31.dusty adj 积满灰尘的 32.no longer /not …any longer 不再 33.partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 34.settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决 35.suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历suffer from 遭受；患病 36.loneliness 孤单寂寞 37.highway公路 38.recover痊愈；恢复 39.get/be tired of 对…厌烦 40.pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包
一、选择题 1．—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying? —It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A．customers B．passengers C．members D．tourists 2．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 3．I once worked for a travel magazine for one year and the ________ helped me get a job as a reporter. A．experiment B．information C．experience D．instruction 4．My sister Nancy often gets lost because of her bad _____ of direction. A．sense B．feeling C．experience D．information 5．—The 30 firefighters’ brave action ________ their lives in the forest fire on March30, 2019.—The people of Muli County will never forget them. A．took B．cost C．save D．solve 6．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 7．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 8．More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A．central B．harmful C．valuable D．careful 9．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 10．— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 11．He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A．on B．for C．in D．from 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 14．—Does she have a ________? — Yes, she ________ in a food shop. A．job; work B．job; works C．work; job
第五章 词汇： reference n.所指 Concept n.概念 identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的 Motivation 理据 Onomatopoeic 拟声的 echoic 拟声的 morphological 形态的 opaque adj. 不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的 literal adj. 文字的；逐字的；无夸张的 figurative 形态的 associations 联想 Etymological 词源 monogamous 单配的 constant adj. 不变的 indeterminate 不确定的 archaic 旧的 Interjections 感叹词 overlaps n. 重叠部分 revealed v. 透露 要点： 一. 1.Reference –the relationship between language and the world.(cat,"she""annimal"ect.) ｛The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is a rbitrary and conventional. This connection is the result of generalization and abstraction. Although reference is abstract，yet with the help of context， it can refer to something specific. ｝
2.Concept–which beyond language, is the result of human cognition,reflecting the objective world in the human mind. It isn’t affected by language. Meaning and concept are closely connected but not identical. Meaning belongs to language，so is restricted to language use. A concept can have as many referring expressions as there are language in the world. 3.Sense – (the meaning of meaning.) denotes the relationship inside the language. Every word that has meaning has sense. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language. It is also abstraction. 二.Motivation-accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its mean ing. English does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent. Most words are non-motivated. The connection of the sign and meaning dose not have a logical explanation. 1.Onomatopoeic Motivation – the words whose sounds suggest their meaning. （Indicate the relationship between sound and meaning）. Knowing the sounds of the words means understanding the meaning. These words we created by imitating the natural sounds or noises. (For example，bang，ping-pang，crow by cocks，etc. ) Such echoic words are also conventional for the sounds we say in English may not be the same in other language.
2020年英语高考考试大纲 考核目标与要求 一、语言知识 要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。 二、语言运用 1．听力 要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能： ` （1）理解主旨要义； （2）获取具体的事实性信息； （3）对所听内容做出推断； （4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。 2．阅读 要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： （1）理解主旨要义； （2）理解文中具体信息； 、 （3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； （4）做出判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 3．写作 要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能： （1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思； （2）有效运用所学语言知识。 ^ 4．口语 要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。考生应能： （1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法； （2）做到语音、语调自然； （3）做到语言运用得体； （4）使用有效的交际策略。 1 附录1 语音项目表 > 1. 基本读音 (1) 26 个字母的读音 (2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音 (3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音
(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音 (5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音 (6) 辅音字母组合的读音 (7) 辅音连缀的读音 $ (8) 成节音的读音 2. 重音 (1) 单词重音 (2) 句子重音 3. 读音的变化 (1) 连读 (2) 失去爆破 (3) 弱读 (4) 同化 4. 语调与节奏 (1) 意群与停顿 (2) 语调 (3) 节奏 5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用 { 6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧 7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异 2 附录2 语法项目表 1. 名词 (1) 可数名词及其单复数 (2) 不可数名词 (3) 专有名词 (4) 名词所有格 2. 代词 (1) 人称代词 (2) 物主代词 (3) 反身代词 (4) 指示代词 (5) 不定代词 (6) 疑问代词 ~ 3. 数词 (1) 基数词 (2) 序数词 4. 介词和介词短语 5. 连词 6. 形容词(比较级和最高级) 7. 副词(比较级和最高级) 8. 冠词 9. 动词 ！ (1) 动词的基本形式 (2) 系动词 (3) 及物动词和不及物动词 (4) 助动词 (5) 情态动词10. 时态 (1) 一般现在时 (2) 一般过去时 (3) 一般将来时 (4) 现在进行时 (5) 过去进行时 (6) 过去将来时 (7) 将来进行时 (8) 现在完成时 (9) 过去完成时 (10) 现在完成进行时 11. 被动语态 12. 非谓语动词 (1) 动词不定式 (2) 动词的-ing形式 (3) 动词的-ed形式 13. 构词法 (1) 合成法 (2) 派生法 (3) 转化法 (4) 缩写和简写 ； 14. 句子种类 (1) 陈述句 (2) 疑问句 (3) 祈使句 (4) 感叹句