广州卓越教育机构一对一
高三专题读写任务学案第2讲
如何运用高级结构美化句子
【诊查】
（一）基础篇：
运用所积累的高级词汇或词组短语来替换优化表格内左栏的词汇，使其更为高级。
(二)提高篇
句子改写（将划线部分按括号内的要求进行改写，使其更为美化高级。）
1. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（用主语从句和表语从句）
_______ ________ ________ is __________ the little girl knows so many things.
2. Though I’m weak, I’ll try my best to finish it in time. (用倒装句)
________ _______ ________ ________, I’ll________ ________ _______to finish it in time. 3. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(用强调句型) _______ _______ _______until he had read the news in the newspaper_______he knew what had happened.
4. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虚拟语气“but for要不是”）
I ________ _______ ________ the physics exam but for your help.
5. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (用过去分词)
________ _______many students, she walked out of the lab.
6. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 用V-ing形式)
________ ________ _______, they went back to school.
7.I won’t believe what he says. （no matter what状语从句）
________ ________ _______he says, I won’t beli eve.
8.If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. （祈使句+and…）
________ ________ _______you’ll make rapid progress.
9．He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (用倒装句)
________ ________ _______ _______come back from Beijing _______ he was sent abroad. 10.We all think he is a great man. (词组“看重；高度赞扬”)
We all________ _________ ________him .
11.As a result the plan was a failure. (词组turn out)
The plan________ _________ ________ _______a failure.
12. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (句式结构：the more…the more)
________ ________ he spoke, ________ ________ ________he felt.
【导学】
句式就是句子的结构方式，也就是句子的式样或格式。不同的思想内容要用不同的句式来表达；而同一思想内容也可以用不同的句式来表达。句式不同，表达效果也就不同。只有句式多样化，文章才会生动有趣，充满活力。可是，在实际写作中，初学写作的学生往往一篇文章都是千篇一律的简单句，文章单调乏味，毫无生气。因而，恰当地使用某些方法或手段有助于实际表达形式的多样化，增强表达效果。将常用方法简单介绍如下：
一、“有”的句型
例句1：沿着这条800米长的大街, 有300多家商店。
Along this 800- meter street, there are more than 300 shops.
例句2: 可能会有一个更合适的方法来做解决这个问题。
There may be a more proper way to deal with the problem.
(注意：“有”能/不能？随便用have、has!)
【即时练习】：
1.有一条800米长的大街, 街的两边有300多家商店。
________________a 800-meter street, ______________more than 300 stores along its two sides.
2.我完全理解我们为此事感到不快, 但是没有必要感到太难过。
I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it, but _____________________________.
【拓展用法】
there be 的常用句型
1.There is no doubt/denying that….毫无疑问/ 不可否认
eg: 与传统课堂比起来, 毫无疑问, 在网络上学生可以得到更多的学习资源。
Compared to a traditional classroom, _________________________children can get more learning resources on the internet.
[改写句子]：
1.私家车会对环境造成一定的影响。
原句：Private cars will affect the environment.
改写后：_______________________________________________________________________.
2.(2011届广东省深圳市高三九校联考读写任务)一起吃饭的时间是一种家人和朋友间亲密关系的体现。
原句：Dining together stands for the close relationship between family members or friends.
改写后：_______________________________________________________________________.
2. There is no need/ point /use/good/ doing sth 做某事是没意义/没必要/ 无用的/没好处的。There is no need/ point /use/good that……是没意义/没必要/ 无用的/没好处的。
eg: 朋友之间没有必要因为一些小事情就毁掉了珍贵的友谊。
1)There is no need ruining the precious friendship between friends because of some tiny things.
Or: _______________________________________________________________________ [改写句子]：
1)父母过分关注孩子的学习和成长是不好的。
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________.
父母过分关注孩子的学习和成长是没有多大益处的。
改写：_______________________________________________________________________.
3.There is no wonder/surprise that….难怪/ 不足为奇
eg: For the two reasons mentioned above, ____________________________(……就不足为奇了) I have such a strong enthusiasm on the group dancing competition.
[翻译句子]：
他是如此的固执，难怪他会被炒掉。
_______________________________________________________________________.
二、It的相关句型
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
① It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.(学一门外语非常重要。)
It is useless crying over the spilt milk.(覆水难收。)
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。)
② It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….
e.g. It is no good telling lies.(撒谎没好处。)
It is a pity that you di dn’t go to see the film yesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.
(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。)
③ It + be + 过去分词+ that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)
④It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词+ that ….
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)
It appears that Tom might change his mind.(看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)
⑤It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.
这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)
⑥ It is time for sb to do sth.
It is high time that sb should do sth(虚拟语气)
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；
e.g.They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money. （他立志决不向别人借钱。）
【句型巩固】
1)As I am away from my parents, ____________________________(对我来说有必要学会)to
live on my own.
2)______________________ (众所周知) some students cheat in examinations at school.
3)As we haven’ t mastered enough English words, sometimes we may ________________(觉
得困难) to follow the teacher.
4)I think _____________________________________(在考试中作弊是错误的)because it
breaks the rules of school.
【翻译提升】
1.难以置信，这次英语考试她竟然没有及格。(believe)
2.原定于明天召开的会议有可能推迟举行。(likely)
3.人们普遍认为，用脑越多，智力就越活跃。(the more …, the more …)
4.由于大雨，看来我们只能在山顶上过夜了。(seem)
5.这次会上做出的决定是否可行尚待证明。(remain)
6.应该是你们勇敢解决困难的时候了。(time)
7.现在，电脑已使我们在家里就能以低价买到满意的货物。(make it possible)
8.这是你第二次问我相同的问题了。(It)
三、各类从句
1、定语从句
例句：
Our class is a big family ________________consists of 12 girls and 50 boys.
我们班是一个拥有12个女生和50个男生的大家庭。
To make our society more harmonious, we'd better take care of the environment ________________we live in.
为了使我们的社会更加和谐，我们最好爱护我们所居住的环境。
Last Sunday, I organized a survey in my neighborhood, ________topic is “Which safety problem is the one you are most concerned a bout”. (作定语)
上周日，我在我的社区进行了一次社会调查，其主题内容是“你最关注的安全问题是什么”。The film reminded me of those miserable days ________ I was in my childhood.
这部电影使我想起了我童年时代的那些苦难日子。
As a child, he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm _______ they lived.
当他还是一个小孩的时候，他经常艰苦地劳动并帮助他的父亲在他们所生活的小农场干活。The reason ________ Tom didn't come to school yesterday was that he was ill.
汤姆昨天没来学校的原因是他生病了。
Li Ming got up late this morning, ________ made it impossible for him to catch the early bus.
李明今天早上起晚了，这使他不可能赶上早班车了。
________ we can see, great changes have taken place in our hometown.
正如我们所看到的，我们家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
[点津]as和which还可以引导非限制性定语从句，来修饰整个________。
[基础训练]
一、句子翻译
1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2.这就是他爸爸工作的地方。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3.你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴.
______________________________________________________________________________ 4.Allan Stewart在1936年获得第一个学位，在这之后，他获得了医学博士的学位。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5.它使我想起了我高中时期一个对我影响深刻的英语老师。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 6.那些做最平凡工作的人应该受到平等的尊重。
_______________________________________________________________________________
二、用定语从句改写篇章
Our class is a big family. It is made up of 36 girls and 9 boys. All of them are very diligent and warm-hearted. Zou Xiaohui is our monitor. He is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy that we all like him very much.
改写后：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
二、按要求改写句子和篇章。
1. 中国的茶叶有很多种, 其中龙井茶是世界著名的。（there be句型，定语从句）
________________________________________________________________________
2. Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years .He often helps us learn English .He speaks Chinese very well.(定语从句，not only…but also引导的倒装句) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
2、名词性从句
主语从句
What he said is interesting.
宾语从句
I heard that he won the first prize.
表语从句
Beijing is not what it used to be.
同位语从句
The news that he won the first prize is exciting.
【主语从句】
Eg：What is discussed above sounds reasonable.
[即时练习] 合并下面的句子使其成含主语从句的句子：
How to learn English well?
It depends on attitude and efforts.
合并：________________________________________________________________________ 写作中常用的主语从句句型
1、It is + 过去分词+ that 从句
1）. It is reported that… ________________________________
2）. It is believe d that… ________________________________
3）. It is generally thought that…________________________________
4）. It should be noted that… ________________________________
5）. It must be pointed out that… ________________________________
2、It is + 形容词+ that 从句
1）. It is necessary that… ________________________________ 2）. It is clear that… ________________________________ 3）. It is obvious that… ________________________________ 4）. It is likely that… ________________________________ 5）. It is certain that…. ________________________________ 6）. It is strange that…. ________________________________ 3、It is + 名词短语+ that 从句
1）. It is a pity/shame that… ________________________________ 2）. It is a fact that… ________________________________ 3）. It is no wonder that… ________________________________
4). It is common knowledge that…________________________________
5). It is my belief that… ________________________________
6) . It is good n ews that… ________________________________ 4、It is + vi. + that从句
1）. It seems that… ________________________________ 2）. It happens that…________________________________ 3）. It turns out that… ________________________________ 5、其它结构
1）. It occurs to sb. that… sb想起了…
2）. It makes no difference that… …毫无分别
【即时练习】
句子翻译
1)你需要的是更多的练习。
2)他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。
3)很明显他已经尽力而为了。
4)他们什么时候来还不知道。
5)众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
6)这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
7)书销售如何取决于作者本人。
【宾语从句】
Eg：I heard that he won the first prize.
【佳句存盘】
1. The letter says(that)they are arriving on Sunday. 信上说，他们将在星期天到达。
2. I don’t think(that)you are right. 我想你是不对的。
3. We thought it a pity that Li Tiantian missed the chance.
我们认为，李甜甜失去这次机会很可惜。
4. We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.
我们认为，他对每一个人都说了谎是错误的。
5. He told me that he was wrong. 他告诉我说他错了。
6. I am afraid that I have failed the exam. 我担心考砸了。
7. She made sure that she had turn off the gas. 她确信她关了煤气。
【写作点津】
在动词say, think, hope, suppose, believe, expect, explain, hear, know, wonder, find, regret, forget, remember, decide等后可接that 引导的宾语从句，that常可省略。此外还要注意以下几点：
①若宾语从句后还有补足语，要用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句尾，如例句3和例句4。
②在think, believe, expect, suppose 等动词后，要注意否定转移现象，如例句2。
③有些具有动词含义的形容词后也可接that 从句，如例句6和例句7。
④主句是过去式，从句中也要用过去的某种时态(客观真理除外)。
[即时练习] 合并下面的句子使其成含宾语从句的句子
We should work hard in order to go to a famous university.
The teacher often tells us it.
合并：________________________________________________________________________ 句子翻译
1.我不认为你读这本书是必要的.
2. 我被告知我的自行车已经被找到了。
3. 我确信你的课本在你的书包里。
4．老师不明白这个男孩为什么有这么多奇怪的问题
【表语从句】
点津：表语从句是跟在系动词后面作表语的从句。
Eg：Beijing is not what it used to be.
The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.
每四个吸烟者当中就有一个可能会因吸烟而死亡。
翻译：
1、关键（point）是我们应该送一些物品或学习用品给那些灾区，来表达我们的爱心。
________________________________________________________________________
【同位语从句】
点津：有些名词的后面可以跟从句，说明这个名词的内容，这样的从句叫作同位语从句。Eg：The news that he won the first prize is exciting.
There is some doubt whether or not he is coming on time this afternoon.
不知道他今天下午是否会准时过来。
翻译：
1.主要因素是日益增长的小汽车，但是，我们不能忽略道路状况极其糟糕这个事实。
________________________________________________________________________
3、状语从句
点津：
1）状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
2）常见状语从句有时间，地点，条件，原因，目的，结果，让步，方式，比较状语从句等。eg：When the bell rang, the person was waiting in his seat.
[即时练习]指出下列句子是什么类型的状语从句。
1)Three months went by before she knew it.
2)No matter how hard the task is, he will never give up.
3)Where there is plenty of sunlight and rain, the fields are green.
4)Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, we want to give him a chance.
5)Let's take the front seats in order that we may see more clearly.
6)In fact, his spoken English was so good that the teacher praised him for it in class.
7)We can surely overcome these difficulties as/so long as we are closely united.
8)He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing heavily.
9)We wouldn't lose heart even if we should fail ten times.
10)The streets in New York are just as crowded as those in London.
句型转换：
1.I won't believe what you say. （转换为no matter引导的状语从句）
→ ________________________________________________________________________
【总结】
名词性从句的功能相当于名词，它在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
结构是句子 + 引导词 + 句子，关键是要抓对引导词。列表如下：
注意下面一些小规则：
1. 宾语从句与表语从句需要与主句的时态配合：主句是现在时范畴，从句可以使用所需要的任何时态；主句是过去时范畴，从句一般也是过去时范畴。例如：
I think that he will come/came to your help. (will come是现在是范畴；came是过去时范畴，都对。)
I thought that he would come/had come to your help. (would come与had come 都是过去时范畴，都对。)
2. 经常使用it充当形式宾语和形式主语，避免句子“头重脚轻”。例如：
I found it too hard for him to finish the work in 2 days. (形式宾语)
It is believed that the earth was flat at that time in Europe. (形式主语)
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别方法：把引导词前面的名词代入从句，
I liked the idea that he suggested to me. （idea代入从句变为he suggested the idea to me,句子通顺成立，是定语从句）
I liked the idea that he would come at once. （idea代入从句变为he would come the idea at once,句子不成立，是同位语从句）
【巩固练习】
基础篇
完成句子
1. 最我大为吃惊的是, 我发现她竟是一位优秀的游泳选手。
_________ _________ _________ __________was to find she was such a fine swimmer.
2.To summarize，over-parenting prevents children from developing in an all-rounded way，
_______ should not be encouraged．
简而言之，父母过分照顾孩子不利于孩子全面发展，这不应该提倡．(2010广州高考）
提升篇
按要求合并句子
1）Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet.（同位语从句）
The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.
2）Time travel is possible.（同位语从句）
There is no scientific proof for the idea.
3）Mr. Smith said a lot on how to learn English.（主语从句）
His words gave us a lot of help.
4) The winner will get the big prize.(whoever引导的主语从句)
5)The girl is spoken highly of. （定语从句）
Her composition was well written.
句子翻译
1.调查表明，虽然明星受到62%男生与56%女生的欢迎，男孩子倾向于(tend)喜欢体育明
星。（宾语从句）
2.有现象表明（demonstrate），父母是女孩的第二最受欢迎的偶像。（主语从句）
3.他建议，应该避免过度用眼(overuse)，鼓励多参加户外活动。（宾语从句）
4.同时他提醒我们，握笔的姿势也与近视有关(related to)。（时间状语从句）
5.前往动物园的人很想和动物拍照，这也是情理之中的(reasonable)。（主语从句）
6.我们不能参加会议真遗憾。
7.你不知道那些日子我们有多忙。
8.他们表达了要再来中国的愿望。
9.你们愿意写什么话题就写什么话题。
10. 毫无疑问，我们的朋友约翰会来加入我们。
提升篇
[语篇美化]
尽可能多的运用名词性从句来改写下面的文章，使简单句变为复杂的复合句，注意上下文的连贯。
We study in the new teaching building. It makes everyone excited. We walk in the building. We are happy. We can enjoy many paintings and handwritings. We use our own works to decorate it . It is cool. Our school provides us convenience. It is the goal of our school. The cabinet is an example. We bring many things to school. We can put them in the cabinet. There is hot water too. How can we keep the teaching building clean and beautiful? We are discussing it.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 非谓语（与定语从句/状语从句的互换）
非谓语的三种句式结构
【看一看】非谓语动词在句子中的作用
1.主语：To see is to believe. // Seeing is believing.
2.表语：All the children present at the meeting were very excited.
3.定语：The broken vase was still on the ground.
4.宾语：I can hardly imagine going through such a dense jungle alone in such rainy weather.
5.宾语补足语：I have never heard him sing a single song though I have known him for 8 years.
6.状语：Having finished all my homework, I was so happy and relaxed that I felt like flying. 现在分词短语
eg: Li Hua was at the bus stop, waiting for Bus No. 601 to go to school.
合并句子:
⑴The moon travels round the earth once every month.
⑵The moon is a natural satellite of the earth.(现在分词短语)
The moon, traveling round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.
[整合句子]
用非谓语将下列句子予以整合，使其更为连贯。
1.The young man couldn't help crying when he heard the bad news.
→ ________________________________________________________________________
2.We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories.
Some played chess.
→ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
介词短语
Instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by ourselves.
他鼓励我们独立思考, 而不是马上告诉我们答案。
我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来获得好成绩。(介词短语)
We students should try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations.
李华在公共汽车站等601公车上去学。(现在分词短语)(北京)
2、过去分词
合并句子
⑴He was well known for his expert advice.
⑵He was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.(过去分词短语)
合并后：Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.
完成句子
与其他老师相比, 摩尔先生更注意教学方法。(用过去分词短语)(湖南)
other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching.
北京动物园, 建于1906年, 有100多年的历史了。(用过去分词短语)(北京)
The Beijing Zoo, in 1906, has a history of more than 100 years.
【练习】
1. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, ___________ __________________(一路上有说有笑).
3. _______________________________ ___________(参加英语演讲比赛)is a helpful way to learn English.
4. Our parents are checking our bags or diaries ___________________________ ______________(是为了确定我们没有卷入任何麻烦事).
5. ___________________(被他的话所感动), I praised him for his deeds and decided to sing _____________________ (名叫“母亲”的一首歌) for the students.
看例句，用现在分词改写下列句子。
Example: He talked to me for two hours. He tried to persuade me to change my mind.
---------- He talked to me for two hours, trying to persuade me to change my mind.
1.Day and night the giant arms of cranes move about. They load and unload cargo.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2.She spent all her days studying. She didn’t even take time off on Sundays.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.I slipped out of the village in the dark. I headed for the city of Xi’an.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 4.He placed two tables together. He spread all the papers out on them.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5.The peasants adopted this method. It raised the average yield by 40 percent.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 6.Her husband died in 1998. He left her with nothing but 5 children.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 【改写句子】
1.When they heard the news , they immediately set off for Shanghai.
2.After he finished his homework, he watched TV for a while.
3.When the library is completed, it will be open to the public next year.
4. Although I admit what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best .
5. If you work hard, you’ll succeed.
6. She stood by the window and watched the sunsets.
7. Our English teacher speaks louder in order that he can make himself heard.
8. She walked out of the classroom and many students followed her.
【译一译】请使用过去分词翻译下列句子
1.我有他的书面承诺。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2.有很多书是以这个主题来写的。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3.山西产的棉花和湖北产的棉花质量一样好。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 4.那年冬天他扮作商人回到了广东。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5.和你们的作文比起来，他的作文写得更好。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 6.他专心致志底工作，忘记了他最好的朋友的生日。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 7.这座桥建于1192年，已经有700多年的历史了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
with的复合结构
eg：With the noise going on, I couldn’t go on stud ying.
由于那噪音的持续, 我无法继续学习。
[解释] with复合结构：with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases
由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：
1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。
2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。
3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当。
[典例]
1.with + 宾语+ 副词，如：
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).
With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.
2.with + 宾语+ 介词短语，如：
The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).
3.with + 宾语+ 现在分词，如：
With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy. 4.with + 宾语+ 过去分词，如：
With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.
With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.
5.with + 宾语+ 不定式，如：
With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.
With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
【总结】：
结构的标志：做状语用逗号隔开，with结构放句子前后都可；
做方式、伴随状语和定语时，不用逗号隔开，放在句子后面
[练习]
句子改错
1.With the man to guide us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village.
2.With a lot of work done, she doesn’t have time to rest.
3.With the machine was working all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.
4.With our problem to settle, we all felt happy.
5.She left the offices with tears being in her eyes.
6.The street looks more beautiful with all the lights are on.
改写句子，用with的复合结构
1. Because I hav e a lot of homework to do , I can’t go to bed early.
→_________________________________________________________________________
2. The woman who wears a necklace around her neck must be very wealthy.
→_________________________________________________________________________
3. After he had his bike repaired, he rode on.
→_________________________________________________________________________
4. A terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan on May 12, 2008, causing the destruction of a number of buildings.
→_________________________________________________________________________
5.The teacher came in, carrying a cup in her hand.
→_________________________________________________________________________
中译英：
1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾，结果里面的东西都烧光了。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。
_______________________________________________________________________________
五、特殊句式
【强调句】
1.用do, does, did强调一般时态的谓语动词;
eg:
1）这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。
原句：The girl really wants to see her mother.
改写后：The little girl does want to see her mother.
2）她确实告诉过我她的通讯地址，但是我忘了。
She_________ __________ me about her address, but I forgot all about it.
【总结】
1)do/does/did+动词原形，这种强调句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种, 只对肯定的
谓语动词进行强调，没有疑问和否定形式。do 在句中要重读。
2)改写规则：在原来句子的主语和谓语（一般为动词）之间加上do /does /did 就可。具体
的选择要根据句子和来决定。
2.用强调句it is/was ...that /who...强调除谓语之外的各种句子成分。
eg:1) 首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。（强调句）
It was my sister who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River. （强调主语）2) 根据新闻报道，是天气决定嫦娥三号发射的准确时间。
According to the news report, ________________________________will determine the exact launch time of Chang'e 3. （强调主语）
3）直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。
It was not until she took off her glasses that her father recognized her. (强调状语)
【完成句子】用强调句
1._____________________________________________(直到19世纪末……才) shooting earned its status as a sport.
2. We should be thankful to our parents_____________________________________________. (因为是他们把我们带到这个世界).
3.总而言之，改善学生行为的是爱与教育而不是停课（suspensions）。(2009广州一模）All in all，_____________________________________________ improve students' behavior．
[能力提升]
1.是王老师总是鼓励我在课堂上多讲英语。（2012年广东高考读写任务）
2.是清洁工用他们辛勤的劳动美化了我们的环境。（2013年广东高考读写任务）
3.Allan Stewart是在1936年获得他的第一个学位。（2012年广东高考基础写作）
【倒装句】
Eg：Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有用这种方法我们才可以学好英语。
【完成句子】用倒装句式
1).______________________(只有用这种方法我才能) gain more confidence.
1)______________________(只有那时, 我才认识到) that I had been wrong.
2)Everyone knows that we are busy all day. Seldom __________________________________
_______________________________(我们知道国内外正在发生什么).
【省略句】
eg：1. Thomas Edison was born in American. Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.
出生于美国的托马斯·爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。
省略：Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. (省略主语+系动词)
2. When (you are)studying English, you’d better concentrate on not only the spoken English but also written English.你学英语的时候，不仅要关注口语，也要关注书面语的表达。
[提示]：
在这类从句中，如果be是助动词，后面跟着现在分词或过去分词，只要主语和从句中的主语___________，就可以把从句中的主语和助动词/ be省略掉。
3.Whenever (it is) possible, you should speak English as much as you can.
在任何可能的时间，你应多讲英语。（省略的主语it并不和主句的主语一致）
[提示]：
同类的省略用法：if (it is)possible/ necessary /____________ (如果可能/必要/方便的话)
3.Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested. （省略谓语）
有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞食下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。【仿写】
1）虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
__________ __________, they went on working.（省略了they were）
2）英语单词不经常重复是很容易忘记的。
English words are easily forgotten __________ (they are) __________ __________.
3) 越快越好。__________ __________, __________ __________.
4）不劳则无获。__________ __________, __________ __________.
【被动句】
对比分析：
We find some use of computers in various fields.
→Computers have been widely used in various fields.
完成句子：1968年，第一次允许妇女参加奥运会射击比赛。
Women to take part in the shooting competition in 1968.
改写句子：最重要的是, 必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。
Most importantly, we must do something to stop pollution.
[总结]
1.当句子主语为名词或sth时，常用被动
2.当句子无特定主语，但有宾语时常用被动句
3.被动句的使用可以使句子更为客观，在说明文，议论文中尤其适合。
【插入语】（一般放在句中，用逗号隔开。有些也长放句首，如连词）
如:
1)表达观点：I guess, I think, I believe, in my opinion, _________ speaking…
2)陈述事实：_________________________（信不信由你）, to tell you the truth, to be honest…
3)举例解释：in other words, that is to say, _________（即）, for example/instance…
4)列举事实或道理：as we know, as is known to us all, ________________(正如谚语所说)….
5)连词：however, _________（因此）, _________(否则), on the contrary, what’s worse…
【同位语】
同位语指的是一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语
1. Linda,a mother of a four-year-old boy ,is our English teacher.
2 My sister ,Lucy , 26 years old ,graduated from Beijing University.
3. I want to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties and with interests similar to mine. 我想有一个笔友, 希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。(同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰)(全国)
【即时练习】
用同位语改写下列的句子，使其更为简练。
1.Mrs zhang是我们的数学老师。她40岁了。我们都喜欢她。
Mrs zhang is our math teacher.
She is 40 years old.
We all like her.
改写：________________________________________________________________.
2.背景：射击最初(at first)只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。(08广东)
Shooting is a means of survival at first.
It developed into a sport only in the late 19th century.
改写：________________________________________________________________.
3.坐落于广东省的中部，广州是广东省的省会，文化和经济中心。
Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province.
It is located in the middle of Guangdong Province.
It is the culture and economy center of Guangdong Province.
改写：________________________________________________________________.
【小结】：此方法多用于介绍_________、___________和___________等。
导学基础篇
读写任务阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150左右的英语短文。
An 88-year-old man in India has signed up for his 17th college degree.
第2讲?记叙文 记叙文是以叙述或描写的手法来表达、以记人或叙事为主要内容的一种文体，叙述人们的经历或事物的发展变化过程。记叙文大致可分为两类；以记人为主的记叙文和以记事为主的记叙文。前者主要以人物的经历、活动或性格为特征进行叙述，重在人物的活动；后者主要对某一事件的发生、发展和结果进行叙述，重在叙述事情发生、发展的过程。记叙文具备六大要素，即时间、地点、人物，事件、原因和结果。写记叙文时，要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what)，然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)等要素。记叙文的命题形式主要是提纲式和图画式。写作时，时间、地点、人物等要素一般会出现在题目提示或图画中，有时也会出现有关要素不确定的情况。 1．人物介绍常用词句模板 (1) ... was born in ... (some place) on ... (the date)． (2) ... is considered to be one of the greatest ... (3)be admitted to ... college; graduate from ... department of ... University. (4)When at college, he majored in ... and received a doctor's degree. (5)be interested in ... /be fond of ... (6)From ... to ... , he first worked as ... , and then he became ... . (7)win a prize/the first prize in ... competition (8)one of the best/most important ... (9)set ... a good example (10)be respected by everyone 2．叙事常用词句模板 (1)I was about to do ... when ... (2)It was snowing/raining heavily/hard on Monday morning. (3)Last night I was busy preparing for my test when I heard a loud noise. (4)The sun was shining and the birds were singing. (5)All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. (6)Time flew and two hours had passed before we realized it. (7)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
非常实用的高考英语“读写任务”写作模板 【对比观点题型】 （1）要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。 (写作步骤：1．有一些人认为……；2．另一些人认为……；3．我的看法……。) The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）. What is more, ③-------------(理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三). While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (Besides), ⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (Finally), ⑦------------------(理由三). From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice. （2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点。 Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．From all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)． 【阐述主题题型】 要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。 （写作步骤：１．阐述某名言或主题所蕴涵的意义；２．分析并举例使其更充实。）The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things from it. First of all, ---------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore, ------------------(理由三)．In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying ----------. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it. 【解决方法题型】 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 （写作步骤：1．问题现状；２．怎样解决<解决方案的优缺点>。） In recent days, we have to face one problem------------A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状). Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another ---------------(解决方法二). Finally, -----------------(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处). 【说明利弊题型】 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）。
读写任务型写作,主要有两种writing styles,即:读记叙文写议论文:读议论文写记叙文。整篇文章由转述+表述(己述)构成,它充分展示考生的概括能力和语言能力. I.请阅读下面段落,概括全篇,并找出与之搭配的概括技巧。 Skill 1:Omit(省略) the details Skill 2 : Omit the repetitions Skill 3: Omit the example Skill 4:Use general(概括性) words instead of specific(具体的) words Skill 5:Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech 1.You can think of a way to manage your temper. Here are the tips: 1)We should try to calm down and figure out what we are really upset about. 2)Keep a diary. It can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings. 3)We can try to talk with our best friends to release stressful emotions. 概括:_______________________________________________________________ 2. Nowadays more and more teenagers try to be more independent from their parents and sometimes become very rebellious. They always want to wear long and strange hair style, which their parents complain about a lot. They also spend too much time on the Internet and playing computer games. 概括:_______________________________________________________________ 3. Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly, ―You put too much salt on your food, Paul. It’s not at all good for you!‖ Paul put down his knife and frowned, ‖Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful…like eating wood or sand…just imagine bread without salt in it 概括:________________________________________________________________ 4. She bought a lot of vegetables such as cabbage, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes and some eggs. She intended to invite all his friends for her birthday party at the weekend. 概括:__________________________________________________________________ Suggested answer: 1. Skill 3;There are many tips for you to manage your temper as follows. 2.Skill 1;Nowadays there is an increasing tendency that more and more teenagers try to behave independently and differently. 3.Skill 5;Kate asked Paul not to use too much salt on his food and told him many advantages of it. 4.Skill 4;To hold her birthday party at the weekend, she bought a lot of vegetables. II.请阅读下面文章,用30 个词左右概括全篇内容。 1. Advertising can be a service to customers. This is true when ads give reliable information about the goods advertised. Such information is needed if the customer is to make a wise choice when he buys something. It is useful because it can help the customer know more about the kinds of goods available in the shops. Printed ads do this job best. Customers can collect them and compare them. They can be used to check against the actual goods in the shops. Some ads are not very useful to the customers. Instead of helping the customer to satisfy his real needs, they set out to make him want unnecessary things by doing ads cleverly. The people who produce them understand our weakness. They set out to make us believe that what they advertise will make us cleverer, prettier, more handsome, if only we use it .For example, the voice on TV says, ―By using our SKII, it makes your skin crystal.‖ The screen shows a series of pictures
Original: My neighbor's children love playing hide-and-seek as all children do, but no one imagine that a game they played last week would be reported in the local newspaper. One afternoon, they were playing in the vacant lot down the corner. Young Paul, who is only five years old, found the perfect place to hide. His sister, Natalie, had shut her eyes and was counting to ten when Paul noticed the storage mail box at the corner and saw that the metal door was standing open. The mailman had just taken out several sacks of mail and had carried them to his truck which was standing at the curb a few feet away. Paul climbed into the storage box and pulled the door closed so hard that it locked. Soon realizing what he had done, he became frightened and started crying. Meanwhile, Natalie was looking for him everywhere but could not find him. It was lucky that she happened to pause at the corner for a minute and heard her brother's cries. She immediately ran to tell the mailman who hurried back from his truck to unlock the metal door. Paul was now free, but he had had such a bad scare that he could not stop crying. The mailman, however, soon found a way of making him laugh again. He told him that the next time he wanted to hide in a mail box, he should remember to put a stamp on himself! Summary: The children were playing hide-and-seek in a vacant lot one afternoon. Finding that the storage mailbox had been left open, Paul hid and locked himself in it accidentally. His sister, Natalie, heard his cries and realized where he was hiding, so she immediately told the mailman to unlock the metal door. After letting him out, the mailman made him stop crying by telling him to put a stamp on himself the next he wanted to hide in a mailbox. Original: Why do some animals die out? In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct. People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods. As they spread over the land, they destroy animals' homes. If the animals can't find a place to live, they die out. Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason. Other animals, such as the Florida Key deer, may soon die out because they are losing their homes.Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct, too. In the last century, hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalos. Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves. Pollution is killing many animals today, too. As rivers become polluted, fish are poisoned. Many die. Birds that eat the poisoned fish can't lay strong, healthy eggs. New birds aren’t born. So far, no animals have become extinct because of pollution. But some, such as the bald eagle and the brown pelican, have become rare and may die out. Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate. The places where they live become hotter or cooler, drier or wetter. The food that they eat cannot grow there any more. If the animals can't learn to eat something else, they die. Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason. Summary:
广东一轮复习模拟试卷（二）——读写任务 In his speech Li Hua spoke of an overseas Chinese student who couldn’t find a job because of his dishonesty. The story shows us that honesty really is the best policy. After reading this speech, I felt really sorry for the student who had ruined his own promising future just for some short-term benefits. On the other hand, I also thought it was correct to punish someone who had been dishonest. My classmate Wang Tao once made a similar mistake. During a math quiz, he was having trouble working out a problem. When the teacher looked away, he peeked and copied the answer from his classmate. He was glad that he had a high mark in the quiz. But when he came across a similar question in the final exam, he didn’t know how to solve it and eventually failed the test. From these stories, I really learned the lesson that honesty is the best policy. In life we are often tempted to be dishonest, but for a happy and guilt-free life we know what the best choice is.
高考英语作文模板万能套用模板 一、题目是一般的（叙事）事件： 第一段： Recently/Currently, ___ has been the order of the day . Many people prefer___，because it has a significant role in our daily life. 中间段： Thereareatleasttwo reasons accounting for ___. Ontheonehand, ____. Ontheotherhand,_____ .Inaddition, ____ isresponsiblefor ____. 或者，Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First/Firstly____ Second/Secondly/ Besides ____. …… Last/Last but not least, ____. 结尾段： Asfaras/I know/Iam concerned/In a word ___.I think/I hold the point of view that ____. 或者， Iamsuremy opinionis bothsound/perfec ___. 或者，As for me ,I think that_____. 二、题目是描述图表或图画的： 第一段：As is listed/shown by the figure in thetable , ____ has been on rise/ decrease . From the sharp rise/decrease in the chart, it goes without saying that __is serious。 中间段：Hereareatleasttwo goodreasons accounting for ____. Ontheonehand, ____. Ontheotherhand,____.According to reasons,____.According to reasons, some measures should be taken for ____.Itisbelieved/thought thattheabove measures mentioned are commonly convincing. 结尾段：Asfaras/I know/Iam concerned/In a word ___,I hold the point of view that ___. I amsuremyopinionisboth soundandwell-grounded. 实际上结尾段的例 句同上 三、要求写英语书信： 开头句：（多是已给出，但不计词数）
第四编 缺乏衔接过渡的文章，就好比一串断了线的珍珠，每个词句虽光彩夺目，拿出来却七零八落，不堪受用。要想成就一篇美文，光靠一个个华丽词句的堆砌不行，还需要穿珠之线，这个线就是衔接过渡。 增分技法(一) 过渡自然的对比用语 比较和对照法是英语作文的基本写作方法之一。在这类作文的表达中，要使作文连贯、流畅，有条理，灵活运用对比类过渡连接词至关重要，过渡词也是信息词，能较好地表明作者想比较或对照的意图。对比用语大致分为两类： (一)相似的比较。常用的有 (一方面……另一方面)， (以相同的方式，同样地)，(正如)， (相似地，类似地)， (同样地)。 如：- , , , , . 我认为这是一种双赢的活动。一方面，我可以帮助照顾孩子。另外一方面，我可以提高我的英语水平，结交更多的朋友，并丰富我的暑假生活。 [应用体验] 翻译句子 ①我想尽力做得最好，但同时我也得考虑费用。 '. ②正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思，单个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。 . ③那么我们如何解决这个问题呢？就我个人而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决方式。一方面，自行车不需要任何汽油，它们是节能的。另一方面，自行车是环保的，因为它们不会排放废气。另外，骑自行车是我们锻炼的好方式并且它有益于我们的健康。 ''-''. (二)还有一种对比是表示相反的意思：如： (另外一方面)， (相反)， (与……比较)， (与……比较)， ()(和……对比)， (代替)， (而；然而)， (不像)， (然而；仍然)， (然而；反之)， (然而)。 ① , ' , .作为一个公民，我们不能做损害我们的城市的事。相反，我们应该遵守城市规则，保护城市环境。 ②, , , , , - . 然而，其他学生反对这一观点，认为建于年的北京动物园有着年的历史，并且享誉国内外。 [应用体验] 翻译句子 ①我可不像你，我不太会跳舞。
江苏高考英语作文常考题型模板 我省高考书面表达阅卷方式（网上阅卷），采用两人判分取其平均值的方法，这样更能 客观地反映出考生的实际英语写作水平。但是阅卷速度很快，一般50 秒至65 秒即可阅读完一篇文章。对于非常好而且字迹又非常漂亮的作文。阅卷老师会给高分。 一、答题应试技巧牢记“一式、两头、三写、四关”的应试要诀。一式，是关注文章体裁，写对格式；两头，即写好文章的开头和结尾；三写，是大小写、拼写和书写无误；四关，也就是过好内容要点关、行文逻辑关、语法规则关和习惯表达关。具体如下： 1. 注重审题，对写的内容做到心中有数。首先，应通过审题明确文章的体裁。其次，应注重时 态及语态，认真琢磨其内容的英语表达方式，避免汉式英语。最后着手写时要注意分段。 2. 内容要点是否齐全；句子语法（包括：时态、语态、用词、句法和结构格式等）是否正确；词汇是否准 确多样；句式结构是否丰富多彩；逻辑关系词使用是否到位；是否合理使用连接词和过渡性词语；标点符号、英语字母大小写是否规范。 3. 在表达清晰明了的前提下适当使用有把握的复杂结构和高级词汇。 4. 注重英语习惯，使所写句子准确地道，注意表达时的切换，避免汉式英语。 5. 注重开头和结尾的技巧。 6. 新标准对写作的要求增加了情感因素，所以发挥自己的观点时注重思想性，力图提高文章思想内涵。 7. 注重书写，追求卷面美观。书面表达属于主观性试题，阅卷老师的主观印象直接关系到考生的得分高低。 8. 通读全文，检查疏漏。 忌：书写潦草、单词模糊不清、左右明显不齐、随意涂改、缺乏分段、字数太多或太少。 二、考生要想“取悦”于阅卷老师应注意以下几个要点 1. 外在美：字（字迹、字数、字体、字距）；版面（整洁，忌超格、污迹、涂黑）。 2. 结构美：分段（最好三段）一篇好的文章应有合理的段落层次，让人感觉条理清晰。每一段应有一个主 题句和几个支撑句。写好首段是关键（开头写得好是获得高分的基础）；深化充实中间拓展 段（要紧紧围绕主题展开，不能涉及无关内容。把好结尾关（好的结尾能起画龙点睛作用。 结尾段写法很多：可以对前文观点发表看法，明确表明自己的立场和态度；也可以回到文章 的开头段提出的中心论点上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果。应从多个角度谈）。 3. 词汇美：亮点（使用优美语句，但不是偏词、怪词，而是生动、集体形象的词语，并且要运用得正确、 得当。如：“ The job is very difficult ”如果表达成：“ The job is very challenging ” 更能显示出考生的功底） 4. 句式美：每段使用一至两个较高级句型来表达可使全文增色，但不宜过多，以免出错。常用的句式： what 从句；同位语从句；倒装句；with 结构；插入语等。句子长短相间，精彩句式的合理 使用会使文章可读性更强；忌低级错误（主谓、时态不一致、单词拼写错误等） 5. 衔接美：“有效地使用语句的链接成分，使全文结构紧凑” 是高考书面表达重要的评分依据。段落之 间要使用适当的过渡句；句子间要使用逻辑性合理的衔接词，这样文章结构紧凑、自然流 畅，给人以上下贯通、一气呵成的感觉。 三、概括写作类 2014 年江苏英语高考首次采用新题型，读写任务型。该写作分为两部分：第一部分要求用约30 个词概括所给短文的要点，文体主要以记叙文，议论文或说明文为主。第二部分以约120 个词就短文某一主 题谈论自己的经历并发表看法。 首先，概括部分考查了学生的概括能力，学生在概括的时候要注意语言的精炼，要点要 齐全。其次，阐述的理由或论据要简洁明了，层次分明。最后，对自己的观点要作出总结。 写作时要注意尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
2009年高考英语作文专项训练：任务型写作（7） 1. 读写任务（25分） 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 （写作任务） 1. 概括短文内容，30词左右。 2. 就"学生是否该做兼职"发表看法，包括以下内容要点。120词左右。 （1）列举现实生活中学生做兼职的情况。 （2）分析学生做兼职的原因： a）兼职可以帮助解决贫困家庭孩子经济问题。 b）可以丰富学生的社会经验。 c）可以学以致用。 3. 你对兼职的看法，并说明理由。 （阅读材料） Billy and his part-time job Billy is 14 years old and in his the ninth grade. He has a part-time job which gets him up every morning at 5 o'clock. He is a newspaper delivery boy. In the winter it is still dark when he gets up, but during the rest of the year it is light. Bill must deliver the newspapers to the houses of the people on his route in all kinds of weather. He tries to put each paper on the porch where it will be protected from wind and rain of snow. All his customers think he does a good job. Billy earns about $ 70 per month, and he is earning some of the money to go to college. He spends the rest on records and clothes. Once a month, he has to collect money from his customers. Since many of them work during the day, Billy has to collect the money in the evening. Sometimes, when Billy is ill, his brother has to deliver the newspapers. Once, his father has to help. Billy has 70 customers now, but he hops to get more soon. Some day, if he gets more customers, Billy might win a prize for being an outstanding newspaper boy. He wants to win a trip to Europe, but he will still be happy if he only wins a new bicycle.
读写任务概要（summary）写作指导 30字概要的基本四大技巧： Skill1: Omit (省略) the details Skill2: Omit the examples Skill3: Use general(概括性) words instead of specific(具体的) words Skill4: Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech (间接引语，第三人称) 第一类：记叙文 （1）记叙文的概要, 一般包括记叙文的六个要素(who; when; where; what; how; why), 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成一两句话即可。当然, 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素,但“某人做了某事, 结果如何”是应当包括的。因此, 要写好概要, 需找到以下两个问题的答案：1）谁做了什么？(who did what) 2）结果如何？(what was the result) ☆特别提醒：如果是夹叙夹议的文章，还要找主题句或利用“写作内容”给出的提示，写出故事给我们的启示、教育或其中的一个道理。 （2）记叙文概要的参考模版： The story is about …, from which (启示）...... The passage mainly tells us that …, which shows that（启示）...... The author thinks / points out / tells us / holds the view that …, through w hich（启示）...... According to the article, we know that … We can see from the text … As can be seen from the text, … [例文]阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy. He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick(想家)and wanted to go home as soon as possible. He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school. ［写作内容］1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容； 2. 以约120个词讲述一次你(或你的朋友)想家的经历。 [解题过程] 第一步, 根据［写作内容2］, 快速获取大意。解题前, 可以通过［写作内容2］和材料文体,快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并形成概要的基本框架。如本题阅读［写作内容2］,并扫视材料可知是记叙文, 于是可推知,本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。 第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？__ (2) 结果如何？ 第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来： ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ [巩固训练]阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Who says honesty is dead? Last Tuesday morning Alan Reed, a student, was at the bank. He asked to take out 50 yuan but the bank clerk mistakenly gave him five twenties instead of five tens. For a few seconds he wondered what to do. Should he give the extra money back? Keep it? If he kept it, he could buy several new books,, or he could take his friend Alice to a fancy dinner. Probably no one would ever notice. But then he looked at the clerk. She was a middle-aged woman with a sweet face, and she reminded him of his mother. She had been nice to him, and she looked pressureed ( 有压力的）. Then it occurred to him that the lady would probably get in trouble. Worst of all, Alan felt, he would probably feel shameful about keeping the extra cash. So Alan gave back the extra money. The bank clerk was so impressed that someone was honest enough to return money not rightfully his that she contacted the newspaper. So there you have it. What would you have done if you had been in Alan's situation? （概要） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二类：说明文 我们根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出三种参考模板： 1. 描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”： (In the passage) the writer introduces... (对象)to us, especially its...(性质或功用), from which we know...(对象带来的利好). 2. 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”： The passage tells us...(问题), including...(方法1), ...(方法2)and...(方法3). 3. 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”： (The author/writer said/talks about)...(现象)of..., because /but...(原因/本质1),and... (原因/本质2). ☆特别提醒：在高考读写任务中, 多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。 [例文]阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。 Imagine entering a very large building and you have no idea how to get to the office you are looking for. But then as you’re standing there a nearly silent balloon floats over to you and speaks to you. It asks you where you want to go. You tel l it and then it simply says “follow me” like a child’s game and begins to float off in the direction of yo ur destination. It keeps going as you follow leading you to where you want to go. The guide works itself without any help from any human being. It says hello to people as they arrive in the building, speaks to them, processes their requests and then guides them to the destination. The balloon has two tiny fans to help keep it floating and to provide just a touch of lift. Onboard is a wireless receiver for receiving directions from a computer that directs the fans and sensors that let it know where objects are around it. The idea of such a simple robot is one that has been on the minds of scientists for years and has been mentioned in novels many times. Today the iPhone does something similar but has to be connected to the Internet which is sometimes difficult. This is why this little balloon might be the wave of the future ----because it is so much easier to follow .