EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCE SCALE KEY PROJECT II:
California Institute of Technology, MS 105-24
Pasadena, CA 91125
I:
John A. Graham
Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
Carnegie Institution of Washington
5241
Washington, DC 20015
I:
span
Science In-
stitute, which is operated by
2 Based in part on observations made at Palomar
telescope is jointly owned by
Telescope, which is operated by NRC Canada, CNRS France, and of
Lick Observatory
University of California
Santa
Robert C. Kennicutt and Anne Turner
Steward Observatory
University of Arizona
Tucson, AZ 85721
I:
V8X
to Abstract
The
aims
employ the the Virgo cluster. The vital steps in this program are (1) to obtain reliable photometry of stellar
images from the Wide Field Camera the HST servicing mission), and (2) to calibrate this photometry to obtain reliable distances to
these galaxies from the
to determine 28 instrumental magnitudes — 22 of F555W
25.5 in each of two 2.56x2.56 arcmin WFC fields of M81.
The reductions use a varying point-spread function to account for the
21.8 to 23.8 — the magnitude range of the that we have now identified
in M81. The photometric calibration onto the Johnson V and F785LP systems was determined
from independent ground-based CCD observing at the CFHT 3.6m (confirmed by the KPNO
(using the wide-field COSMIC camera) and 1.5m telescopes. Secondary
standards, taken from the COSMIC and
allowing a direct transformation from ALLFRAME magnitudes to
calibrated V and F785LP magnitudes, giving mean V
are now several relatively precise methods for measuring distances to distant
to the zero-points for each of these methods. The goal of the
to
measure distances of a variety of galaxies out to the Virgo cluster, and from these distances, establish
the zero- points for the secondary dist ante indicators
expansion parameter (Ho) to an
accuracy of 10%.
2
P-L relations for the M81
have been found, the important part is to
core to halo luminosity. More importantly, the
earth-streaked exposures, none of which are entirely flat (deviations from flatness may be as large as 20% - Phillips
& MacKenty 1993;
discussed in the and Westphal
secondary standards in each of the WI?C M81 fields, obtained from ground-based photometry of the brighter stars.
2. Ground-based Photometry
A variety of telescopes were used to obtain photometry of the M81 fields and to verify our cali-brations. were obtained on
1988 January 19-21 of the then only known
night was photometric and the calibration reliable is inferred from a comparison of photometry of NGC 2403 obtained on the CFHT on the same night
4m on 1984 March 23 by Madore and Freedman, which agree to better than and
filters. COSMIC was built by the Carnegie Observatories, and has a 2048x2048 Tektronix a readout noise of 6.6 ADU, and a field of view of
9.5
All frames were bias-subtracted and divided by flat fields. For the V exposures, the flat fields for each night were obtained from a median of several twilight sky exposures. However, for the
to characterize the general
knots). The pixel-to-pixel variations were obtained from a median of several dome exposures. To remove unwanted variations due to non-uniform dome illumination, this was divided by a
of the stellar images was determined from both synthetic aperture and
(Stetson 1987) and AI, I,
4
Samples of the stellar visually isolated stars in each exposure (to
regions, clusters or background galaxies). Tots] magnitudes for the PSF stars were determined
(Stetson 1990). The mean differences between these total magnitudes and the AI, magnitudes were used to correct the
extinction (a function of
v’ =
– where 0.155
Due to the eruption of Mt
during 1992 June 21 to 25. (The standard Palomar values are k
= 0.056.)
Transformations to the standard Johnson V and
–V vs v’ – i’, using the published V and 1
references (see
appearing clear, was perhaps smoggy at the start, as the v’ mags were observed to decrease by
M92 and SA110 exposures.The v’ – V transform was therefore derived from
V – 10. The night of June 9 seemed to
be photometric, but the transforms were derived from only the and magnitudes were discrepant.
June 8 v’ – V = –0.163(.001) – 0.026(.003)* [v’ – i’], = 3
V – – i’],
v’ – V = –0.367(.002) – 0.035(.003)* [v’ – 11
V –
The change in sensitivity between the two nights, as indicated by the
which covered a portion of the V30 field. A comparison of the common secondary standards between the COSMIC and
0.03 mag in V –]. As well, there were large areas of overlap between many of the exposures. The CFHT field overlapped with the Palomar 5m V30 field of June 8, which itself overlapped with both Palomar 5m major axis fields (which were rotated 90 degrees from each other between June 8 and 9). Figure 2 shows the scatter in V between all stars with ALLSTAR uncertainties < 0.1 mag in the
WFC Photometry
The 22 F555W and 6
ST archive. The exposure times were identical for the major axis field exposures, which were observed immediately prior to each of the V30 exposures. The
Routine Science Data Processing calibration pipeline
to digital conversion, subtracts bias and dark frames, and divides by
so all frames acquired prior to this were reprocessed through the pipeline. Although contamination effects
in any of our frames.
6
Although the
unresolved stars in
cores are undersampled, and so most photometry programs that fit conventional Gaussian-like PSFS are inappropriate. The two better known programs that have been suitably modified to handle WFC
function as one of
its options; an d DoPHOT 2.0 (based on Mateo &
in M81, DAOPHOT
principally because Stetson (1993, in preparation) has written a modified version of ALLSTAR, called ALLFRAME, which takes advantage of the multi-epoch nature of the M81 photometry (Freedman
et al 1993). Briefly, ALLFRAME is a third generation algorithm which simultaneously fits
so,
a large fraction
images are affected by cosmic rays.
free of cosmic ray events, median images were created of each chip in each field, in each
of the
from every other by slight (0.3 pixels in the major axis field and 8 pixels in the F555W V30 field) and sometimes not so slight (up to 100 pixels in each coordinate in the
each chip, and matching these .
7
in each of the epoch frames, to create translation and rotation transformations between each epoch (which were later used by ALLFRAME). These transformations were then used to shift each frame,
The
(one for each filter) were determined from combined median images of chips 1 and 2, as this yielded enough isolated stars to derive a PSF which allowed for quadratic spatial variations in the profile (Stetson 1991, 1992). For the V30 field, the PSFS were
that causes slight changes in focus), but the differences were found to be marginal, so only one grid of stars was produced for each chip and filter, at a mean epoch.
After the ALLFRAME reductions were completed, we realised the differences in the empirical and Tiny Tim
on 1991 Nov 9 as part of their calibration database. Over the whole chip, the mean difference between the empirical and TT PSF magnitudes was only +0.03 mag, with an rms of 0,15. However, there was radial structure in the differences, and the mean magnitude difference for those stars within
and and
and new
0.07 to 0.05 (chip 1), and from 0.14 to 0.10 (chip 2) in F555W, and from 0.14 to 0.15 (chip 1), and from
4. Calibration of WFC Photometry
Secondary standards in each of the fields in M81 were established from the CFHT and
Palomar photometry. These are listed in Table 4, which gives their identifying number corresponding
to Figure 3c-d, their V and V –
frames, an d their mean
images were used to visually inspect each potential secondary standard, to ensure they
regions or clusters on the
secondary standards used, the V–
V
mags to Johnson V, and accounted for the large color term between
to F785LP, as per Harris et al (1991).
The mean differences between the ground-based secondary standard magnitudes and the A.
WFC magnitudes are given in Table 5. The results for the V30 and major axis fields, which used different PSFS (see above), are
being 0.4 msg. We experimented with various possible correction methods, including fitting a surface to the old empirical PSF and Tiny Tim
and fitting surfaces to the F555W
photometry, given
in ‘l’able 6. These results are comparable to what we can derive from the
in Table 6), wherein corrections have been applied for the on 1992 of our magnitudes
sensitivity
well as the aperture correction from
6. C o n c l u s i o n s
When the photometry, we
derive the luminosity function in Figure 4, which is of all stars that appeared in all F555W frames from all chips and both fields, after removing any stars whose rms dispersion was more than 3 standard deviations from the mean, as these are likely to be either variables or to have been contaminated
25, which represents the
single-epoch
and close agreement is seen down to
V
from 21.6 to 23.8 (and their periods ranged from 10 to 55 days), corresponding to single epoch magnitude uncertainties (Figure 5) of 0.1 to 0.3 mag, respectively. The uncertainties from the
(22) magnitude sample should therefore be in the (but will depend on their position how well their light curve is sampled). And
G. 1993 p
A. U. 1992
M., & Schechter P. 1989, in Data Analysis Workshop, eds. P. J.
and R. H. p69
J., Da Costa G. S. 1983
Phillips D. 1993 Lick
MacKenty J. W. 1993,
102, 932
Stetson Systems I, ASP Conference Series
Vol. 25, eds. D. M.
Data Analysis Workshop, ESO Conference and Workshop proceedings N0.38, eds. P. J.
TABLE 1
Field V exposures i exposures
major axis182 1.48
1.51180
20
20 “ “
1.49
--- 1992 June 9 —
1.35
1.48180
20 1.22
1.10
1.10 5
1992; b Christian et al. 1985; c
Da Costa 1983
M A G S
Fields N AV rms
220.040.06
–
–
Date MJD”Exp HST
maj
31 48621.803 1200
1992 Jan 21 48642.025 1200 WOTP0501T
1992 Jan 22 48643.098 1200 WOTP0601T
1992 Jan 23 48644.633 1200 WOTP0701T
1992 Jan 25 48646.231900 WOTP0801T
1992 Jan 25 48646.243900 WOTP0802T
1992 Jan 28 48649.062 1200 WOTP0901T
1992 Feb 1 48653.002900 WOTPOAOIT
1992 Feb 1 48653.014900 WOTPOA02T
1992 Feb 6 48658.1061200 WOTPOBOIT
1992 Feb 11 48663.053900 WOTPOCOIT
1992 Feb 11 48663.065900 WOTPOC02T
1992 Dec 28 48984.1011200 WOTPODOIT
1992
11 49029.241 1200
48987.441 1800
WOTPOJOIT
WOTPOJ02T
WOTPOMOIT
WOTPONOIT
WOTPOOOIT
WOTPOPOIT
WOTPOQOIT
WOTPOU03T
WOTPOW02T
WOTPOY02T
4
M81 S ECONDARY S
TANDARDS
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
Chip 1-
0.012
1.063
0.013
0.774
0.054
2.098
0.013
1.198
0.060
0.260
0.060
0.613
0.103
0.222
0.068
0.430
0.011
0.856
0.005
1.000
0.014
0.944
0.089
0.454
0.234
0.385
0.119
0.233
0.019
0.749
0.132
0.442
0.045
0.094
0.114
0.001
0.084
0.376
0.005
0.979
0.069
2.047
0.021
1.048
0.024
0.258
0.065
0.306
21.’316 0.172
22.068 0.118
Chip 3- CFHT
20.250 0.054
20.707 0.042
21.362 0.085
21.998 0.159
21.905 0.075
20.343 0.044
21.268 0.120
21.297 0.299
22.161 0.190
21.686 0.108
21.778 0.172
22.350 0.087
22.144 0.163
16.129
0.028
18.404
0.037
18.752
0.032
18,897
0.038
13.302
0.051
16.633
0.035
18.237
0.038
19.220
0.080
18.350
0.080
19.222
0.061
18.136
0.026
17.001
0.027
18.228
0.035
6.587
0.027
7.962
0.029
8.490
0.028
7.510
0.028
8.633
0.027
8.101
0.032
18.786
0.053
0.266
0.076
0.394
0.102
-0.476
0.095
-1.645
0.389
0.167
0.059
-0.855
0.170
-0.878
0.099
0.370
0.091
-0.908
0.134
0.084
0.058
0.310
0.063
-0.665
0.083
-0.340
0.050
-0.634
0.059
-0.689
0.080
-0.947
0.063
-0.571
0.074
-0.654
0.068
-0.606
55
6
12
46
68
71
6
12
46
68
71
9
30
36
95
50
53
115
121
3537383940
41 0.005
1.103 0.019
0.576 0.019
0.756 0.072
0.140
0.060 0.455 0.015
0.664 0.067
0.033 0.033
0.353 0.058
0.161 0.066
0.467
0.053 0.326 0.047
0.201 0.052
0.297 0.003
0.205
0.098 -0.044 0.053
0.017
0.070 0.175 0.022
1.115 0.040
16.530 0.027
18.031
0.027
16.602
0.028
17.616
0.028
17.906
0.029
18.087
0.029
18.290
0.028
18.332
0.029
18.408 0.076
-0.112 0.051
-0.673 0.051
0.054 0.068
-0.064 0.065
0.031 0.059
-0.642 0.065
-0.380 0.056
-0.925 0.067
0.431 2890
2650
54115
114
v
V –I F 555W A L F (F 555W –F 785L P )A L F X
—1213141516Chip 1- PAL
20.224
0.035
20.984
0.069
21.206
0.139
21.115
0.086
21.720
0.155
21.606
0.141Chip 2- PAL
20.685
0.064
21.216
0.084
21.564
0.118Chip 3- PAL
20.323
0.055
21.429
0.091Chip 4- PAL
20.855
0.076
20.937
0.082
21.166
0.109
21.230
0.062
22.019 0.146
16.651 0.027
17.503 0.031
17.690 0.035
17.706 0.029
17.930 0.042
18.336 0.040
16.798 0.026
17.792 0.033
17.999 0.033
16.856 0.030
17.675 0.054
17.079 0.044
17.203 0.032
17.655 0.038
17.680 0.042
18.383 0.044253.6 714.6551.9 101.9299.377.1315.2 551.4630.1 213.0339.3 203.5136.8 582.4465.4 729.2261.1 480.1395.1 633.1709.0 645.9773.4 426.3633.4 209.9316.9 339.1311.6 714.7
564.6 220.2
TABLE 5
C
ALIBRATION OF WFC
0.17
3.62 0.12
3.64 0.04
3.51 0.05
----- Major axis field –- -
3.51 0.14
3.63 0.15
3.61 0.35
3.64 0.07
TABLE 6
V –
Ground-based IDT Report Ground-based
0.04(3.51) 2.56
0.05(3.68) 2.72
0.03(3.66) 2.71
0.04(3.57) 2.80
Figure Captions
Figure
1 v’ – vs v’ – i’ for the standards observed with Palomar 5m plus COSMIC camera, on 199
2 June 8 (a, b) and 1992 June 9 (c, d). Circles are PG132
3 standards (–086, C
and
standards (A, B, C, and squares are G67-23 standards (-23, -123, -223), as referred to in Table 1. The dashed lines are least-squares fits to the data, and are the transformations used to convert the COSMIC photometry to standard (see text).
Figure 2 The difference in V magnitudes derived from independent exposures, for stars in the overlap region between the Palomar 5m (COSMIC) V30 field taken on 1992 June 8, and the CFHT field taken on 1988Figure Jan 20.
3 Full 2048x2048 COSMIC V image of the (a) V30 and (b) major axis fields in M81. The squares are the positions of the secondary standards. Corresponding mosaiced images of HST F555W median frames are given for the V30 (c) and major axis (d) fields, with the same standards identified
as in (a)
are rotated by 29 degrees (COSMIC) and 41 degrees
fields, and which had rms dispersions about their mean of less than 3 standard
deviations (as these are likely to have been severely contaminated by cosmic ray hits).
Figure
4, for each of
bins.
The
in the
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Four beauties The Four Beauties are four ancient Chinese women, renowned for their beauty. Though actual historical figures, their stories have been greatly embellished by legend. According to legend, they are the most beautiful women of ancient China, and among the most significant as well. They have remained famous because of their effect on the emperors and kings with whom they were involved. Some brought kingdoms or dynasties to their knees. Most ended their lives in tragedy or mystery. In chronological order,I want to introduce firstly is Xi Shi: Xi Shi was said to have lived during the end of Spring and Autumn Period in Zhuji(诸暨),the capital of the ancient State of Yue.She was said to be "so beautiful as to make swimming fish sink".There also goes a saying ”Beauty lies in the lover's eyes”In chiese,we can say Xi Shi lies in the lover’s eyes. King Goujian of Yue was once imprisoned after a defeat in a war by King Fuchai of Wu.The state of Yue later became a tribulatory to Wu.Secretly planning his revenge,Goujian's minister Wen Zhong suggested training beautiful women and offering them to Fuchai as a tribute.His other minister,Fan Li,found Xi Shi and Zheng Dan,and gifted them to Fuchai. Bewitched by the beauty of Xi Shi,Fuchai forgot all about his state affairs, on their instigation,and killed his best advisor,the great general Wu Zixu.In 473 BC Goujian launched his strike and put the Wu army to full rout.King Fuchai lamented that he should have listened to Wu Zixu,and then committed suicide. There is another well-known figure of unknown origin,probably fictional and parodical,named Dong Shi (东施).The "Dong" in her name means "east" contrasting to Xi Shi's "Xi",which means "west".Apart from her name,she is said to be the exact opposite of Xi Shi in being extremely ugly and,in modern depictions,fat.This in turn has created the saying "Dong Shi imitates a frown",meaning to attempt imitating another work only to show up one's own weaknesses. The second is Wang Zhaojun: Wang Zhaojun was said to be "so beautiful as to make flying geese fall". Wang Zhaojun is perhaps the best known of China's "political brides". she entered the imperial harem during the reign of Emperor Yuan of Western Han (48-33 BC). The emperor chose companions from his vast harem of maidens by looking at their portraits. As a result of this practice, it had become the custom for palace ladies to offer large bribes to court artists to ensure that they painted a flattering likeness. Wang Zhaojun, however, was confident in her natural beauty and refused to pay money to court painter. As a result, she seemed to be the ugliest of all the palace ladies from her portrait, and thus never received the emperor's favour. When the Xiongnu chieftain came to ChangAn, he told Emperor Yuan: "I wish to
自我介绍英语带翻译女 无论是面试，还是加入新的团队班级，自我介绍都是必备的。下面小编收集了有关自我介绍英语带翻译范文，供大家参考。 篇一：自我介绍 Dear teachers, students are good: My name is xx, is a confident, cheerful, friendly and active girl, I have widespread interest hobby, piano, reading, playing chess, listening to the story, to host performances and also has a strong interest in, hosted by my kindergarten graduation performance, first prize in a good result. Mom and Dad, the kindergarten teacher's careful cultivation, I have become a qualified primary school students, in the next six years to learn life, can and dear teachers, the students become the best friends! We all together happy to learn, happy to grow! Thank you! 亲爱的老师，同学们好： 我叫xx，是一个自信，开朗，友好，积极向上的小女孩，我有着广泛的兴趣爱好，弹琴、看书、下棋、听故事，也对主持和表演也有着浓厚的兴趣，由我主持的幼儿园毕业演出，获得了一等奖第一名的好成绩。 在爸爸妈妈，幼儿园老师的精心培育下，我已成为一名合格的小学生，希望在今后六年的学习生活中，能和亲爱的老师，同学们成为最好的朋友！我们大家一起快乐地学习，快乐地成长! 谢谢大家！ 篇二：自我介绍
玛丽的英文名叫什么 玛丽这一名字在英文中很常见，著名的《傲慢与偏见》中伊丽莎白的妹妹就叫玛丽。那么大家知道玛丽的英语是如何拼写的吗?下面为大家带来玛丽的英语意思和相关用法，欢迎大家一起学习! 玛丽的英语意思Mary 玛丽的英语相关例句玛丽以她的微笑令他销魂。 Mary bewitched him with her smile. 玛丽把她公司的一半遗赠给她侄女。 Mary bequeathed half of the company to her niece. 我和玛丽刚刚跳了大约三分钟的舞，就有人来截舞。 I had only danced with Mary about three minutes when someone cut in. 杰克和玛丽在月光下散步。 Jack and Mary walked by moonlight. 玛丽主动回答老师的提问。 Mary volunteered to answer the teacher's question. 玛丽总能以她一个赏心的小微笑赢得我们的好感。 Mary can always disarm us with one of her happy little smiles. 玛丽可不像是迟到的人，她经常是准时准点的。
It’s unlike Mary to be late; she’s usually on time. 玛丽可以用她的旧大衣对付这个冬天。 Mary can get by with her old coat this winter. 他与玛丽的关系经历了四个阶段。 His relationship with Mary went through four stages. 杰克终于向玛丽提出了他们的婚姻问题。 At last Jack broached the subject of their marriage to Mary. 玛丽是第一个想到这个主意的人。 Mary was the first person to think of the idea. 她从“害羞的玛丽”转变成一名商人和职业妇女。 From “shy Mary,”she morphed into a business person and working woman. 玛丽要求为她自己要一个房间。 Mary demanded a room all to herself. 玛丽已和马丁订婚了，但是她遗弃了他。 Mary was engaged to Martin,but she threw him over. 玛丽用左手写字以伪装自己的笔迹。 Mary disguised her handwriting by writing with her left hand. 玛丽的英文例句玛丽和我隔着花园篱笆交谈。
《堂·吉诃德》DON QUIXOTE 米盖尔·台·塞万提斯Cervantes, Miguel de 《欧也妮·葛朗台》EUGENIE GRANDET 奥诺瑞·德·巴尔扎克Balzac，Honore de 《包法利夫人》MADAME BOV ARY 居斯塔夫·福楼拜Flaubert，Gustave 《福尔摩斯回忆录》MEMOIRS OF SHERLOCK HOLMES 阿瑟·柯南道尔Doyle，Sir Arthur Conan 《巴黎圣母院》THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME 维克多·雨果Hugo, Victor 《汤姆·索耶历险记》THE ADVENTURES OF TOM SAWYER 马克·吐温Twain，Mark 《神秘岛》THE MYSTERIOUS ISLAND 儒勒·凡尔纳V erne，Jules 《浮士德》FAUSTUS 歌德Johann，Wolfgang，von，Goethe 《红与黑》BLACK AND RED 司汤达Stendhal 《战争与和平》W AR AND PEACE 列夫·托尔斯泰Tolstoy，Leo 《呼啸山庄》WUTHERING HEIGHTS 艾米莉·勃朗特Bronte，Emily 《三个火枪手》THE THREE MUSKETEERS 大仲马Dumas, Alexandre, pere 《仲夏夜之梦》A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM 威廉·莎士比亚Shakespeare，William 《威尼斯商人》THE MERCHANT OF VENICE 威廉·莎士比亚Shakespeare，William 《灰姑娘》CINDERELLA 格林兄弟Grimm Brothers 《小红帽》LITTLE RED －CAP 格林兄弟Grimm Brothers 《白雪公主》LITTLE SNOW－WHITE 格林兄弟Grimm Brothers 《皇帝的新装》THE EMPEROR'S NEW SUIT 汉斯·C·安徒生Andersen, Hans C. 《青蛙王子》THE FROG KING，OR IRON HENRY 格林兄弟Grimm Brothers 《卖火柴的小女孩》THE LITTLE MATCH－SELLER 汉斯·C·安徒生Andersen, Hans C. 《小美人鱼》THE LITTLE MERMAID 汉斯·C·安徒生Andersen, Hans C.
Boys' Names Forename Meaning Forename Meaning Adam human, mortal Luke light Alan comely, fair Louis famous in battle Andrew manly Nicholas people's victory Arnold mighty as the eagle Morgan born by the sea Carter cart-driver Mark god of war Charles man, greatness Maurice dar-skinned Dennis greek god of wine Melvin chief Douglas dweller by the dark stream Michael look like lord Ernest intent in purpose Oliver peaceful Felix fortunate Peter rock Frank free Paul little George farmer, husbandman Oscar leaping warrior Gilbert illustrious pledge Philip lover of horses Gordon hero, brave man Richard powerful ruler Grant great Robin of shining fame Henry ruler of the home Rudolph far-famed wolf Herbert bright warrior Samuel asked of god Howard chief warden or guardian Sebastian the revered Isaac laugher Simon heard Jason healer Stephen a crown or garland John god's gracious gift Stewart keeper of estate Joesph lord shall add Thomas twin Justin the just, upright Victor conqueror Kendrick royal ruler Vicent conquering Leo lion Walter mighty warrior Girls' Names Forename Meaning Forename Meaning Agatha the good Julia youthful Amanda worthy of love Kelly fair lily Amelia industrious Linda beautiful Alice noble Lucy light Blanch wihte, fair Mary biter in Hebrew Carol song of joy Monica adviser
自我介绍英语带翻译女_自我介绍 篇一：自我介绍 Dear teachers, students are good: My name is xx, is a confident, cheerful, friendly and active girl, I have widespread interest hobby, piano, reading, playing chess, listening to the story, to host performances and also has a strong interest in, hosted by my kindergarten graduation performance, first prize in a good result. Mom and Dad, the kindergarten teacher's careful cultivation, I have become a qualified primary school students, in the next six years to learn life, can and dear teachers, the students become the best friends! We all together happy to learn, happy to grow! Thank you! 亲爱的老师，同学们好： 我叫xx，是一个自信，开朗，友好，积极向上的小女孩，我有着广泛的兴趣爱好，弹琴、看书、下棋、听故事，也对主持和表演也有着浓厚的兴趣，由我主持的幼儿园毕业演出，获得了一等奖第一名的好成绩。 在爸爸妈妈，幼儿园老师的精心培育下，我已成为一名合格的小学生，希望在今后六年的学习生活中，能和亲爱的老师，同学们成为最好的朋友！我们大家一起快乐地学习，快乐地成长! 谢谢大家！ 篇二：自我介绍 Hello everyone. Now let me talk about myself. My name is _____.I was born in _____.There are _____people in my family, my father is a _____, my mother is a _______.And as everyone know,I'm a student.Everyone has his own interests.As for me,I like reading books,playing basketball,listening to the music and so on.Now today we are in the same class,I hope we will get on well with each other.Thanks. 大家好。 现在让我来介绍一下我自己我的名字叫______。我出生在_______。我家有_______口人，我的爸爸是一个________,我的妈妈是_______。那么就如大家所知，我当然就是一个学生了。每一个人都有他自己的兴趣。至于我，我喜欢看书，打篮球，听音乐等等。今天我们相聚在同一个教室，我希望我们将会相处愉悦。谢谢大家。 篇三：自我介绍 To introduce myself（介绍我自己） Hello,every one!（大家好） My name is **** . （我叫****） I'm a 15 years old girl. （我是一个15岁的女孩） I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao.（我住在美丽的Rizhao城）（你可以把Rizhao改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音） I'm an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的女孩） In the school , my favourite subject is maths . （在学校，我最喜欢数学） Perhaps someone thinks it's difficult to study well .（也许有些人认为这很难学）
自我介绍英语带翻译女
无论是面试，还是加入新的团队班级，自我介绍都是必备的。下面收集了有关自我介绍英语带翻译范文，供大家参考。 篇一：自我介绍 Dear teachers, students are good: My name is xx, is a confident, cheerful, friendly and active girl, I have widespread interest hobby, piano, reading, playing chess, listening to the story, to host performances and also has a strong interest in, hosted by my kindergarten graduation performance, first prize in a good result. Mom and Dad, the kindergarten teachers careful cultivation, I have become a qualified primary school students, in the next six years to learn life, can and dear teachers, the students become the best friends! We all together happy to learn, happy to grow! Thank you! 亲爱的老师，同学们好： 我叫xx，是一个自信，开朗，友好，积极向上的小女孩，我有着广泛的兴趣爱好，弹琴、看书、下棋、听故事，也对主持和表演也有着浓厚的兴趣，由我主持的幼儿园毕业演出，获得了一等奖第一名的好成绩。 在爸爸妈妈，幼儿园老师的精心培育下，我已成为一名合格的小学生，希望在今后六年的学习生活中，能和亲爱的老师，同学们成为最好的朋友！我们大家一起快乐地学习，快乐地成长! 谢谢大家！ 篇二：自我介绍 Hello everyone. Now let me talk about myself. My name is _____.I was born in _____.There are _____people in my family, my father is a _____, my mother is a _______.And as everyone know,Im a student.Everyone has his own interests.As for me,I like reading books,playing basketball,listening to the music and so on.Now today we are in the same class,I hope we will get on well with each other.Thanks.
1、C.h.i.n.a. 中国 Come here, I need affection. 来这儿，我需要爱。 2、K.o.r.e.a. 韩国 Keep optimistic regardless of every adversity. 虽然事与愿违，保持乐观。 3、H.o.l.l.a.n.d荷兰 Hope our love lasts and never dies. 希望我们的爱永恒不变。 4、I.t.a.l.y. 意大利 I trust and love you. 我相信你和爱你。 5、L.i.b.y.a. 利比亚 Love is beautiful; you also。 爱是美丽的，你也是。 6、F.r.a.n.c.e. 法兰西 Friendships remain and never can end. 友谊永固。 7、B.u.r.m.a. 缅甸 Between us, remember me always. 我们之间，常常记得我。
8、N.e.p.a.l. 尼泊尔 Never ever part as lovers. 像情人一样永不分开。 9、I.n.d.i.a. 印度 I nearly died in adoration. 我差点在爱慕中死去。 10、K.e.n.y.a肯尼亚 Keep everything nice, yet arousing. 让一切都美好且振奋人心。 11、C.a.n.a.d.a加拿大 Cute and naughty action developed into attraction. 可爱和顽皮的动作成了吸引力。 12、E.g.y.p.t. 埃及 Everything's great, you pretty thing!! 你真是个美人，你的一切都完美。 13、M.a.n.i.l.a. 马尼拉 May all nights inspire love always. 愿所有的长夜都有爱的降临。 14、P.e.r.u. 秘鲁 phorget (forget) everyone...remember us. 忘记全世界，只记得我俩。 15、T.h.a.i.l.a.n.d. 泰国 Totally happy, always in love and never dull. 欢天喜地，心中有爱，心情就不会暗淡。
趣味英文名 一个抱着孩子的大妈让你称呼她为Lolita(洛丽塔)，来应聘的求职者自我介绍叫Boss(老板)……随着国际交流的频繁，越来越多的人有了英文名，不过因为文化差异等原因，一些中国人的英文名却让老外直呼看不懂。以至于有外教表示，中国人应该好好上上如何起英文名这堂课。 怪洋名让外教叫不出口 意识到中国人在起英文名这件事情上太随意的人，已不在少数。为什么姓孙的英文名大多叫Sun(太阳)?为什么姓杨的喜欢称自己Y oung(年轻的)?为什么好好的姑娘要起名Fish(鱼)?为什么有人偏要挑King(国王)做名字?这些问题让来自英语国家的外国友人困惑不已，因为这些单词在英语国家并不会被用来做名字。 一位在中国执教多年的英语外教Tim就常常为自己学生的古怪英文名而尴尬不已。当学生说自己叫Lavender(熏衣草、淡紫色)时，这位外教觉得怎么也叫不出口，因为他认为Lavender通常是肥皂的名字，而不是人。King(国王)这样的名字也实在有些不妥，你想想老板开口闭口称呼下属为国王，哪个老板会爽啊! Tim认为使用怪名的中国人，其实会给自己和别人带来尴尬，特别是在求职或者某些正式场合，怪名还会带来负面影响。因此，他认为中国人应该好好学习怎么起英文名这堂课。 孩子有3个英文名 事实上，正如这位外教指出的那样，不少国人确实不知道该怎么挑英文名。很多时候，大家挑选英文名的原因，只因为电视里某个叫同样名字的主角，或者读起来觉得发音好听以及含义神秘的一个单词。曾有人发帖询问“过了30岁，还能起Lolita这个名字吗”，这一提问立马引来了诸多网友拍砖，因为《洛丽塔》一书里的少女形象深入人心，大部分网友都表示一听到这个名字就想到“蕾丝花边布满全身，头上还扎着发带的青涩少女”。 除了为自己的英文名纠结外，不少家长更为孩子的英文名苦恼。有家长说现在各个早教机构为了显示自己与国际接轨，总喜欢帮小朋友擅作主张起英文名，他儿子英文名叫Lucas，上了幼儿园回来后就多了个英文名Lion，再上了个绘画班，又多了个英文名Simon。诸多的英文名不但让儿子感到混乱，而且Lion这个名字通常只能作为外号，并不适合正式使用。 了解文化差异起名字 当然，起英文名也并非要草木皆兵。了解基本的起名原则，就能规避不少怪名。首先，不要随便听到一个好听的单词就拿来用，最保险的方式就是拿本英汉字典，翻出最后的常用人名挑一个，准没错。其次，如果你有一定的英文基础，那么就可以更深入地了解单词背后的文化背景，比如有些名字的引申义不雅，多翻翻俚语解释，就可避免。 此外，英文名与中文姓氏的搭配也需注意谐音问题，有网友就总结道，“叫PAUL，姓范，悲剧了，泡饭!”而叫Cathy的如果姓陆，连起来读就类似于“开塞露”，多少让人有些莫名。 [热门微博]一些英文名的搞笑翻译
霸气高冷女生气质英语名【三篇】【篇一】 Skirt(裙子) Beautiful(美丽) Lady(女士) Barbie(芭比) Lily(百合花) Softsister软妹 Maid(女仆) Pink(粉红色) Lolita洛莉塔 Emily艾米丽 Geisha(艺*) Submit(顺从) SproutSister(萌妹子) Lolita(萝莉) Pure(纯洁) NaughtyGirl淘气女孩 SadGirl Tempt(*)
Daisy(黛茜) Coquettish(风骚) Beauty(美人) Britney布兰妮BabyDoll(小布娃娃) Alisa(快乐的姑娘) Polite(文雅) Pocky(痘痕) Doris多丽丝 Loli(萝莉) Estrus(发情) Naive(幼稚的) PureSmile(*的微笑) Ingenue天真无邪的少女SmallFairy(小仙女) Maid(少女) Naive(幼稚) Frown(蹙眉) Youthful(妙龄) Queenie(女帝) Dimple【酒窝】
Widow(寡妇) Bikini(比基尼) Queen（魅眸）【Smile】女人Pure(*) WITCH（魔女） 元気Girl LadyLuck PrettyGirl Holy（圣洁）Tender（温柔）Fiancee【未婚妻】FarfromHea远离他Tarty(放荡) SoftSister(软妹) CoolGirl Dimple「酒窝」Ponytsil(马尾辫) Sprout(萌) 【篇二】 Walk(散步)
Menu(菜单) Outdated(落伍的) Dirty(污染) Pineapple(菠萝) Rose(粉红色) Yummy(很好吃的) FatCow肥牛 Tear(眼泪) Declare(声明) Masque(假面舞会) StinkyPig臭猪TakeOff起飞 Fickle(薄情的) Bloom(开花) Stay(坚持) AfternoonTea下午茶Taxi(出租车) Insist(坚持) Waiter(服务员) Arrive(到达) Complete(完成)
女性英文名（A） 2006-10-20 16:51 Abigail 艾比盖尔 来源：希伯来和阿拉伯 涵义：“My father is joy."我父亲很高兴。同义字：Abby 缩写：Abbe,Nabal,Gail Ada 艾达 来源：英国 涵义：“noble birth"出生高贵（拉丁）；"happy"快乐的（德）；“beauty"美丽（希伯来）。这个名字在埃及、希腊、大不列颠诸国都很流行。Ada可视为Adelaide或
Edith的昵称，但也可视为一个独立的名字。Adela 阿德拉 来源：德国 涵义："of noble birth"出生高贵的；"gentle"优雅的。 Adelaide 阿德莱德 来源：德国 涵义："noble"高贵的；"of noble rank"高尚阶级的。 同义字：Adele,Elsie,Ilsa,Ethel Agatha 艾格莎 来源：希腊 涵义："good and kind"善良而亲切的。
同义字：aggie Agnes 爱格妮丝 来源：希腊和拉丁 涵义："purity and chastity"纯洁和贞节。同义字： Neysa,Nessie,Nesta,Annis ,Annice,Agneta Alberta 艾柏塔 来源：英国 涵义："noble and brilliant"高贵而显赫的。同义字：Albertine,Elberta 缩写：Alta. Alice 爱丽丝
来源：希腊 涵义："truthful"诚实的。 同义字：Alicia,Alyse,Elsie(缩写） Alma 艾尔玛 来源：拉丁 涵义："bountiful,loving,kind"慷慨的、有真情的、和善的。 Althea 奥瑟娅 来源：希腊 涵义："a good omen"好预兆。Amanda 阿曼达 来源：拉丁
注意!在美国千万不要起这些英文名,比翠花还俗气 起名字不是一件容易的事儿，在中国传统里，名字不仅是父母祖辈赐予的，还要算上生辰八字。相比之下，我们对于自己的英文名可就随意的多了。 从开始学英语的时候，在我们的认知里，那个时候女生都应该叫Lily、Lucy，男生都要叫Jim、Bob！ 到了大学，我们的英文名逼格变高了，男生会给自己取名为John，David，女生会给自己取Cherry、Sunny。 出国来了美国之后，我们突然不知道到底该叫啥了，要不满大街都是，一去星巴克点咖啡，出来N个 Mike抢一杯拿铁。想换个名字吧，搜肠刮肚也就那么几个，好像都太“老掉牙”了，老美每次听到，会不会有一种你听到别人叫“建国”、“建军”、“翠花”的感觉呢...？？ 注意！这些英文名千万不要起不小心用了类似翠花，芳芳，艳萍这样的名字还好。万一踩中雷区，用了类似秦寿生，曹妮玛，殷静，苞菊……这种名字…………那真是淹进长江黄河大江大海太平洋你都洗不清啊！ 来了美国才知道，原来一些我们习以为常的英文名，在老美看来竟然十分可笑...... 最近外国网友在Quora（老美版知乎）上来了个大讨论：美国网友回复：大家好，我是你们的老师，永远也不·王（Never
Wang）美国网友回复：同学们，本期主讲教授，粉嘟嘟（小拇指？）·赖。 那些年，我们起过的逗B英文名（英文名雷区！！！） 新移民华人有的喜欢起自己中文名字谐音或意思接近的名字，但有时难免过于牵强闹笑话。例如，女孩中文名字叫蜜儿，就给自己起名Honey，有男生给自己起名叫Elephant大象，原因是自己的姓向。虽然好记，但是我们还是要“入乡随俗”，尽量避免以下雷区哦~用水果作为名字Cherry樱桃女生叫Cherry很Cue有没有，但是除了“樱桃”的意思，还有“处女膜”的意思……Apple苹果、Pear桃子不要这么随意好不好。。。Kiwi猕猴桃这个名字很多华人喜欢起，这个名字其实是新西兰人的代称，在美国就像美国佬被叫做yankees（美国佬）一样的感觉。用食物作为名字Cookie 饼干Pie派Chocolate巧克力Cake蛋糕这些通常是老美给自己家猫猫狗狗起的昵称 用天气作为名字Sunny阳光Windy风老美会觉得你像个天气播报员，真的很奇怪！ 用动物作为名字 Rabbit兔子Shark鲨鱼Dargon龙Tiger虎Goose鹅Kitty 小猫Pusse猫咪（也有阴门的意思）转换思维想一想，如果你的中文名叫张猫咪，李兔子，王鲨鱼….会是什么感觉?用颜色作名字Creamy 奶油色Purple紫色
各种适合女生的英文名 各种适合女生的英文名 英语老师骆军 2019-06-15 14:32:01 阅读数：402 ACACIA - Concealed Love; Beauty in Retirement; Chaste Love 金合欢：隐藏的爱；隐退之美；贞洁的爱 AMARYLLIS - Pride; Pastoral Poetry 石蒜花：骄傲；田园诗 ASTER - Symbol of Love: Daintiness 紫菀花：爱的象征；文雅 AZALEA - Take Care of Yourself for Me; Temperance; Fragile Passion 杜鹃花：为了我而保重；节制；易逝的热情 BLUEBELL - Humility 风铃花：谦恭 CAMELLIA - Admiration; Perfection; Good Luck 山茶花：倾慕；完美；好运 GARDENIA - You're Lovely; Secret Love 栀子花：你很可爱；秘密的爱 HEATHER - Admiration; Solitude 石南花：倾慕；孤独 HYACINTH Purple - I Am Sorry; Please Forgive Me; Sorrow 风信子（紫色）：对不起；请原谅我；悲伤 IRIS - Your Friendship Means So Much to Me; Faith; Hope; Wisdom; My Compliments 鸢尾花：你的友情对我来说如此重要；信念；智慧；我的赞美
IVY - Wedded Love; Fidelity; Friendship; Affection 常青藤：夫妇之爱；忠诚；友谊；热爱 JONQUIL - Love Me; Affection Returned; Desire; Sympathy 长寿花：爱我；回报的爱；欲望；同情 LILY White - Virginity; Purity; Majesty; It's Heavenly to Be with You 百合（白色）：贞洁；纯洁；庄严；和你在一起是无上的快乐 MAGNOLIA - Nobility 玉兰：高贵 MARIGOLD – Cruelty; Grief; Jealousy 金盏花：残酷；悲痛；嫉妒 ORCHID - Love; Beauty; Refinement; Beautiful Lady 兰花：爱；美；精致；美丽的女人 PEONY - Shame; Gay Life; Happy Marriage 牡丹：羞愧；快乐的生活；美满的婚姻 PETUNIA - Resentment; Anger; Your Presence Soothes me 矮牵牛：憎恨；愤怒；你的存在予我以慰藉 PRIMROSE - I Can't Live Without You 月见草：我不能没有你 TULIP - Perfect Lover; Fame 郁金香：完美爱人；名誉 VIOLET- Modesty 紫罗兰：谦逊
谁是中国古代最美的女人？约定俗成的答案是：西施、王昭君、貂蝉、杨贵妃，赫赫有名的四大美女。可是，上下五千年，漫漫历史长河，难道美人如此稀缺？当然不是。那么在姹紫嫣红的女人大观园里，为何被推到顶尖地位的，就这四位呢？是她们真就绝对美貌无瑕、艳压群芳？答案是否定的。 西施身处一个风云际会的历史时代，群雄纷争，各家都在绞尽脑汁玩转政治以立于不败之地，天生丽质的美女自然也成为权谋桌上的筹码，而她，也当仁不让地肩负起拯救自己国家于水深火热的重担。这在当时，不被讴歌还能怎样？特别是这个故事的结局又像戏剧一样具有传奇效
果和功成名就的圆满。自然，作为政治“间谍”的美人，受到了人们普遍的称颂，以文授义的儒家知识分子当然要极尽心智来美化她了。 There is no doubt that Xishi was famous due to her contribution to the country in the wartime. What's more, she shouldered the burden to defense the country bravely and did her part to save the country. Certainly, her image impressed countless people.
王昭君比起西施更有过之而无不及。身为宫女的她能以大局为上，忍辱负重，请缨出塞，背井离乡去一个遥远而未知的地方，以一个柔弱女子的双肩去承载两个民族的和平大业，而且的确又神奇地达到了“不战而屈人之兵”的奇妙效果。想想，其实王昭君不过是千千万万民女中选秀而来的宫女，天资美丽自不在话下，但诗家之所谓“仪态由来画不成，当时枉杀毛延寿”，稍加分析就知道此誉有拔高之嫌。后人之言她