Unit 6 Caring for your health
单元总结必记单词
1.conduct v.实施，执行（conduct a survey）
2.quarrel n.争吵
3.focus v.集中（注意力、精力等）于
4.pressure n.压力
5.whether conj.是否（& if）
6.risk n.风险
7.guard v.守卫，保卫
8.cancel v.取消，撤退，终止
9.bright adj.有希望的
10.force v.强迫，迫使（某人做某事）
11.concert n.音乐会，演奏会
12.private adj.私人的
13.silent adj.不说话的，沉默的
14.enemy n.危害物，大敌
15.cheer v.鼓励，鼓舞
16.dentist n.牙科医生
17.low adj.沮丧的，消沉的，无精打采的
18.musical instrument 乐器
19.regular adj. 有规律的
20.eyesight n 视力
21.recovery n. 恢复
22. positive adj.积极地
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c56327146.html,ughter n 笑声
短语归纳
1.care for 关注
2.lead a balanced life 过一种平衡的生活
3. a healthy lifestyle 一个健康的生活方式
4.feel ashamed 感觉羞愧
5.do sth for pleasure 做一些令人高兴的事情
6.suffer from stress 承受压力
7.be under stress 处于压力下
8.focus on 集中于
9.worry about 担心
10.a risk to sth. 对...来说是一种风险
11.force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事
12.deal with 解决，处理
13.guard against 防止，提防
14.cancel out 抵消，对消
15.look on the bright side 持乐观的态度
16.take a break 休息一下
17.go to a concert 去听音乐会
18.take up 学着做，开始做
19.be busy with sth. 忙于某事
20.leave...behind 把.....抛在后面
21.cheer...up（使——振奋起来）
22.in a private place 在一个无人之处
23.no longer 不再
24.have an effect on 对......有影响
25.hit the city 袭击了这座城寺
26.by doing sth 通过做...
经典句型
27.They are under stress because their lives are not balanced.
因为他们的生活不平衡，所以他们处于压力之下。
28.They focus too much on studying, dealing with peer pressure and worrying about what others think，and not
enough on other things.
他们过多的把精力集中在学习上、解决同龄人的压力、担心别人的想法上和其他事情上做得不够。
29.You may wonder whether stress is a serious matter. 你是否想知道，压力是否是件严重的事情。
30.You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health. 你应该意识到，压力对你的健康来说是一种风险。
31.If you want to live a long and healthy life，you need to begin to guard against stress from a young age.
如果你想过长寿和健康的生活，你需要开始提防始于年轻时的压力。
32.You should always look on the bright side of life, and imagine that you will have a happy and successful Future. 你应该总是持乐观的生活态度，并想象你会有一个快乐、成功的未来。
33.When you are busy with a hobby，you leave all your worries behind.
当你忙于一种业余爱好时，你会将所有的烦恼抛在后面。
34.Taking regular exercise, eating a healthy diet and getting enough sleep are all the things that can help you.
进行有规律的锻炼，饮食健康并且获得足够的睡眠是能够帮助你全部的事情。
35.Seeing a funny film or telling jokes with friends will often cheer you up when you are low.
在你沮丧时，看一部滑稽的电影或同朋友讲笑话经常使你振奋起来。
Unit 6 Caring for your health练习
I. 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1.Some plants are e________ of nature because they destroy the balance of nature.
2.If you want to be healthy, you have to eat on time and keep a r_______ diet.
3.I don’t know w_______ he will come back next Friday.
4.We will c______ the picnic on the beach if it rains tomorrow.
5.Don’t f______ me to do anything. I won’t listen to you.
6.When he faces strangers, he always keeps s_______ and doesn’t say an ything.
7.Everyone in this country has responsibility to g_____ this country.
8.There’re different kinds of m______ in this shop, such as piano and guitar.
9.You shouldn’t have a q_____ with your parents. Their advice is good for you.
10.There will be a c_____ in the hall next month, and it will be held by a famous musician.
11.Can you i__________ what your life will be like in ten years?
12.You’d better have a healthy ______________(生活方式)？
13.He is on the road to _____________(痊愈).
14.When are you going to see the ___________(牙医)?
II. 选择填空
i. 选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。
( ) 1. If you want to get an answer to the question, you first have to conduct a survey.
A. take out
B. carry out
C. think over
( )2. Leading a balanced life is helpful to reduce the pressure in our life.
A. stress
B. energy
C. danger
( ) 3. They are cooking in the kitchen, and talking with each other now and then.
A. again and again
B. for now
C. from time to time ( ) 4. We should be aware that the problem is very serious.
A. realize
B. agree
C. compare
( ) 5. The set of tools is not private, and it belongs to everyone here.
A. national
B. personal
C. proper
( ) 6. The manager has to deal with many things every day.
A. fill with
B.do with
C.Help with
( ) 7. The mother cares for the sick child day and night.
A. feel interested in
B. look after
C.was careful for
( ) 8. He is cheerful although he is ill.
A. happy
B. Lucky
C.uncomfortable
( ) 9. Look on the bright side of life, and you will have a successful future.
A. Be positive about
B. Look through
C. Take care of
( )10. She took up skiing at the age of 8.
A.save up
B. took off
C. started learning
ii. 选出恰当的词汇或短语完成句子。
( )11. Many people are not of the environment problems.
A.aware
B.afraid
C.full
( )12. We must guard smoking in order to be healthy.
A.for
B.against
C.with
( )13. When he was young, his father suffered a serious disease.
A.from
B.of
C.with
( )14. A is an angry argument between persons.
A.voyage
B.relation
C.quarrel
( )15. A means a performance given by a number of musicians.
A.concert
B. camp
C.concern
( )16. A\An is a person who hates another person.
A.friend
B.enemy
C.dentist
( )17. --Why do you out the summer camp?
--Because it will rain for a long time next month.
A.destroy
B.cheer
C.cancel
( )18. The public is interested in the life of the singer.
A.private
B. positive
C.spare
( )19. He was for a moment, and then he began his answer.
A.low
B. regular
C.silent
( )20. To somebody means to make somebody do somethings even if he or she would not love to.
A.focus
B. force
C.forget
III. 根据所给的汉语内容, 用英语完成下列句子, 每空一词, 缩写算一词。
21.利弊相互抵消。
The pros and cons _________ _________ each other.
22.你应该培养一种业余爱好。
You’re supposed to _________ _________ a hobby.
23. 不同的压力有不同的处理方法。
There’re different ways to ________ __________ different stresses.
24. 他看起来很沮丧, 但是我们不知道怎么让他振奋起来。
He looks upset, but we don’t know how to _______ _______ ______.
25. 把所有的忧虑抛在后面, 每天保持开心有利于健康。
It’s good for your health to ______ all the worries ______ and keep happy every day.
26. 当你遇到不好的事情时, 你要持乐观的态度, 并且相信一切都会好起来的。
When you meet something bad, you should _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ and believe everything will be
fine.
27. 尽管他每天遭受疾病的折磨, 但他仍不放弃自己的梦想。
Though he _____ ______ the illness every day, he never gives up his dream.
28. 不用担心我, 我会好起来的。
Don’t _______ _____ me! I’ll be fine.
29. 无论遭遇什么困难, 我们都应该保持乐观。
Whatever difficulties we meet, we should _____ ______.
30. 我不想因为你的一个错误的决定而冒风险。
I don’t want to ______ _______ because of your wrong decision.
Unit 6 Caring for your health 语法
重点语法
形容词+that从句；宾语从句
（1）形容词+that从句
1.有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个that引导的宾语从句。
I am sorry I am late.
I am glad that you can join us.
Are you sure his answer is right?
2.常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure, certain, glad, pleasured, happy, sorry, afraid, surprised等。
I am sure I will pass the exam.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
（2）宾语从句
一、概念
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
二、用法：学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
1、连接词
①由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
②由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
③由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for ?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I do n’t know why the train is late.
2、语序—陈述语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。例如：
( √ ) I don’t know which city they will fly to.
(×) I don’t know which city will they fly to.
3、时态
①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
②如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某个时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
语法练习
I. 用适合的连接词完成下列句子。
1. Jim told me _____ he didn’t go fishing ye sterday afternoon.
2. She doesn’t know ______ her father will come back.
3. He is not certain ______ the cinema is.
4. We all want to know ______ we can fight against stress.
5. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back to morrow or not.
6. I wonder ______ they are waiting for. I think it’s time to take action.
7. The teacher can’t decide _______ should be the monitor of the class next term.
8. I am surprised ______ you can come back in such a short time.
9. Mary is not sure _______ coat she should buy.
10. I don’t know _______ he doesn’t come to school. Maybe he is ill.
II. 用所给动词的正确形式完成句子。
11. We are sure that he ______ (go) to school tomorrow.
12. Do you know who _______ (be) the best worker in our company last year?
13. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)?
14. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer.
15. I heard that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.
16. The little boy tells us where his father _______ (work).
17. He says that he _____ (finish) his work already.
18. They thought they could _____ (climb) to the top of the mountain.
19. He was glad that so many people ____ (help) him.
20. She doesn’t know whether ______ (go) or wait.
深圳牛津版英语九年级下册
Unit 6 Caring for your health
必记单词
conduct v.实施，执行
quarrel n.争吵
focus v.集中（注意力、精力等）于
pressure n.压力
whether conj.是否
risk n.风险
guard v.守卫，保卫
cancel v.取消，撤退，终止
bright adj.有希望的
force v.强迫，迫使（某人做某事）
concert n.音乐会，演奏会
private adj.私人的
silent adj.不说话的，沉默的
enemy n.危害物，大敌
cheer v.鼓励，鼓舞
dentist n.牙科医生
low adj.沮丧的，消沉的，无精打采的短语归纳
1.no longer 不再
2.be lonely 孤独的
3.feel ashamed 感觉羞愧
4.suffer from stress 承受压力
5.focus on 集中于
6.deal with 解决，处理
7.worry about 担心
8.guard against 防止，提防
9.cancel out 抵消，对消
10.look on the bright side 持乐观的态度
11.take a break 休息一下
12.go to a concert 去听音乐会
13.take up 学着做，开始做
14.musical instrument乐器
15.be busy with sth. 忙于某事
16.leave...behind 把.....抛在后面
17.tell jokes 讲笑话
18.cheer...up（使——振奋起来
19.protect sb. From ...保护某人免于......
20.take place 举行
21.do well in 在......方面做得好
22.now and then 不时
23.arrive at 到达
24.have a stomach ache 腹痛
25.wake up 醒来
26.in the last few days 在过去几天里
27.grow up 成长
28.have an effect on 对......有影响
29.in many ways 在许多方面
30.make decisions做决定
31.a healthy lifestyle 一种健康的生活方式
32.thousands of 数以千计的
用法集萃
疑问词+动词不定式
Force sb. To do sth.强迫某人做某事
By doing sth. 通过做某事
Thanks for doing sth. 感谢做某事
Be sorry to do sth. 难过地做某事
Have to do sth. 不得不做某事
Be accepted 被接收
Be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Such a/an +形容词+单数名词这样一个......
重点语法
形容词+that从句；宾语从句
（1）形容词+that从句
3.有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个that引导的宾语从句。
I am sorry I am late.
I am glad that you can join us.
Are you sure his answer is right?
4.常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure, certain, glad, pleasured, happy, sorry, afraid, surprised等。
I am sure I will pass the exam.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
（2）宾语从句
一、概念
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
二、用法：学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
1、连接词
①由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
②由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
③由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for ?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
2、语序—陈述语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。例如：
( √ ) I don’t know which city they will fly to.
(×) I don’t know which c ity will they fly to.
3、时态
①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
②如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某个时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
单元练习
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.Women teachers are usually more careful and more p__________ with the pupils.
2.Can you i__________ what your life will be like in ten years?
3.You’d better have a healthy ______________(生活方式)？
4.He is on the road to _____________(痊愈).
5.When are you going to see the ___________(牙医)?
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.You can read for ___________(please).
7.The girl is busy _________(do) her homework.
8.You need hard work and a little luck if you want to achieve ________(successful).
9.He was absent from school because of his __________(sick).
10.A scream broke the __________(silent) of the night.
三、单项选择
11.____________ visitors come to visit the museum every day.
A.Thousand
B.Three thousands of
C.Thousands of
D.Two thousand
12.---What’s this?
---Oh, my God! It’s a gift for James. I forgot ___________ it this afternoon.
A.to post
B.post
C.posting
D.posted
13.She used to ________ a bus to school, but now she is used to _________ to school.
A.taking;walk
B.take;walk
C.taking;walking
D.take;walking
14.---Who was the first to _________ zoo yesterday?
---Tom was.
A.arrive at
B.arrive in
C.reach to
D.arrive
15.Mary is low. Let’s _______ her ________.
A.give; up
B.cheer; up
C.end; up
D.make; up
16.---How many times have you been here?
---___________.
A.Sometimes
B.Some time
C.Some times
D.Sometime
17.---What happened ________ him?
---He hurt his leg.
A.in
B.to
C.at
D.on
18.I think you should read this book again. It’s __________!
A.so interesting book
B.such interesting a book
C.so a interesting book
D.such an interesting book
19.---I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?
---I haven’t decided where ___________.
A.go
B.went
C.going
D.to go
20.The child made decisions _________ his yard this Friday afternoon.
A.clean
B.to clean
C.cleaning
D.cleaned
四、根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
23.你将如何解决太多的压力？
How will you ________ ________ too much stress?
24.利弊相互抵消。
The pros and cons _________ _________ each other.
25.你应该培养一种业余爱好。
You’re supposed to _________ _________ a hobby.
26.他抛弃了妻子和孩子。
He __________ his wife and children ___________.
27.我们必须防止事故。
We must _________ __________ accidents.
九年级下册Unit 6 Caring for your health
单词
1.conduct v.实施；执行
Conduct a survey about a healthy lifestyle.
conduct此处用作及物动词，意为“实施，执行”。
I decided to conduct an experiment.
拓展conduct还可用作不可数名词，意为“行为，举止’.
The sport has a strict code of conduct.
2.quarrel n.争吵
have a quarrel with sb.与某人争吵
have a quarrel about sth.因为某事争吵
He had a quarrel with his friend just now.
They had a quarrel about money.
3.pleasure 不可数名词，意为“快乐，高兴”。
Doing something for pleasure.
We are reading for pleasure.
my pleasure意为“不客气”，是对对方感谢的一种礼貌回答。
---Thank you.
---It’s my pleasure.
with pleasure.意为“当然了，很愿意”，永远表示客气地接受或同意。
---May I sit here?
---Yes, with pleasure.
4.focus 不及物动词，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于”，常构成固定短语focus on集中于
They focus too much on studying, dealing with peer pressure and worrying about what others think, and not enough on other things.
Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.
focus还可用作可数名词，意为“中心点。
It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.
5.pressure 不可数名词，意为“压力，重压”。
People under pressure get angry easily.
pressure还可以表示“紧张”。
How can anyone enjoy the pressure of the city life?
press 可作及物动词，表示“压，挤”。
He pressed a handkerchief to his nose.
You may wonder whether stress is a serious matter.
6. wonder 及物动词，意为“想知道”，相当于want to know,后接宾语从句。
I wonder if he is right.
wonder可作不及物动词，意为“想知道”，可构成固定短语wonder about sth.
We are wondering about next Sunday for vacation.
wonder 还可用作可数名词，意为“奇迹，机关”。
It is one of the natural wonders of the world.
7.whether连词，意为“是否”，其后接动词不定式或宾语从句。
He seemed undecided whether to go or stay.
He asked whether it would rain tomorrow.
拓展whether与if都可用于引导宾语从句，但以下情况只能用whether.
a.用在discuss之后
They are discussing whether they clean the room.
b.用于介词后
He is not interested in whether he will win.
c.后接动词不定式
I haven’t decided whether to go.
d.直接与or not连用
I don’t know whether or not he will call me.
8.risk可数名词，意为“危险，风险”，常构成固定短语take a risk/risks冒险（做某事）You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health.
Smoking increases the risk of developing heart disease.
His hobby is to take a risk.
9.force用作及物动词，意为“强迫，迫使（某人做某事），常用于被动语态。
He was forced to take the train.
Force yourself to take a break from your studies and worries about exams.
拓展force 还可用作不可数名词，意为”武力，暴力”
The thief was taken away by force.
take a break意为“休息一下”，也可写作have a break.
break用作可数名词，意为“间歇，休息”。
Let’s take a break.
She worked there two days without a break.
10.silent形容词，意为“不说话的，沉默的”，
常构成固定短语stay/keep silent,保持沉默。
He always keeps silent at the meetings.
拓展silence名词，意为“沉默，默不作声”。
They finished their meal in total silence.
11.enemy n.危害物，大敌
Stress is your body’s enemy.
Poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress.
12.low adj.沮丧的，消沉的
Seeing a funny film or telling jokes with friends will often cheer up when you are low.
I’m feeling really low.
拓展low作形容词，还可意为“低的，矮的”。
The sun is low in the sky.
短语
1.deal with 意为“解决，处理，应付”，相当于do with.
He could deal with/do with the matter alone.
注意deal with多与how连用，而do with则与what连用。
I really don’t know how to deal with this problem.
=I really don’t know what to do with this problem.
2.worry about 担心，同义短语为be worried about.
He is worrying about the final exam.
=He is worried about the final exam.
Don’t be worried about me. I’ll come back soon.
3.guard against意为“防止，提防”
We should guard against accidents all the time.
If you want to live a long and healthy life, you need to begin to guard against stress from a young age. guard及物动词，意为“守卫，保卫”。
The dog was guarding its owner’s suitcase.
One way to cancel out stress is through positive thinking.
4.cancel out意为“抵消”
The advantage and disadvantage would appear to cancel each other out.
cancel可用作及物动词，意为“取消，撤销”。
Don’t forget to cancel the newspaper.
5.look on the bright side（对不好的状态）持乐观的态度
It’s important to look on the bright side of work when you fail.
Take up a hobby培养一种业余爱好
6.take up学着做，开始做，尤指为了消遣做某事。
They’ve taken up golf.
take up还可意为“占用（时间），占据（空间）”。
The table takes up too much room.
7.be busy with 忙于做......
Tom was busy with his homework at that time.
拓展be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
Joyce is very busy working on the school newspaper.
8.leave...behind 把......抛在后面
You should learn to leave stress behind.
When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind.
9.cheer...up（使）变得更高兴，（使）振奋起来
Bright curtains can cheer up people.
Seeing a funny film or telling jokes with friends will often cheer up when you are low.
9B Unit 6 Caring for your health
重点单词
conduct
【展示】
I decided to conduct a survey on the eating habits of the students in our school.
我决定实施一个关于我们学校学生饮食习惯的调查。
【总结】conduct为动词, 意思是“实施; 执行”,如例句。
【运用】
根据所给的汉语内容, 用英语完成下列句子, 每空一词。
1. 我决定做一个实验来帮助我获得完整的数据。
I decided to ______ _______ ______ to help me get complete data.
force
【展示】
1. No one can force you on this problem. You can decide by yourself.
在这个问题上没有人可以强迫你, 你可以自己决定。
2. She forced herself to be polite and patient to them.
她强迫自己对他们保持礼貌和耐心。
【总结】force为动词, 意思是“强迫; 迫使(某人做某事)”, 如例1; 常用搭配为force sb. to do sth., 意思是“迫使某人做某事”, 如例2。
【运用】
根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。
2. Bad health ______ (force) her into a long period of rest.
3. He was________ (force) to accept the task.
cheer
【展示】
1. He noticed that the people around him were cheered by the President’s presence.
他注意到他周围的人们因为总统的到来而受到鼓舞。
2. Her songs can always cheer me up.
她的歌总能使我振作起来。
【总结】cheer为动词, 意思是“鼓励; 鼓舞”, 如例1; 常用短语为cheer … up, 意思是“(使)变得更高兴; (使) 振奋起来”, 如例2。
【运用】
根据所给的汉语内容, 用英语完成下列句子, 每空一词。
4. 来自祖国的消息使他受到鼓舞。
He _____ _____ ______ the news from his country.
5. 我估计她是思念家乡了。也许你可以让她高兴起来。
I think she misses her hometown. Maybe you can _____ ______ _____.
短语聚会
1. suffer from 忍受; 遭受
2. deal with 处理
3. guard against 防止; 提防
4. cancel out 抵消; 对消
5. look on the bright side (对不好的状态) 持乐观的态度
6. take up (尤指为消遣) 学着做; 开始做
7. (be) busy with 忙于做……
8. leave … behind 把……抛在后面
9．Cheer … up (使) 变得更高兴; (使) 振奋起来
10. take place 发生
根据句意从上面选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空, 补全句子。
1. You should ______ all your trouble _______, and just enjoy the party.
2. The speech made by our teacher was great success. His encouraging words ______ all the students _______.
3. You need to _______ the stranger who has been standing near your house for a long time.
4. Thousands of people are ______ food shortage in this area.
5. Don’t bother (打扰) us. We _______ our homework.
6. The new manager doesn’t know how to _________ the matter.
1. leave; behind
2. cheered; up
3. guard against
4. suffering from
5. are busy with
6. deal with
I. 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. Some plants are e________ of nature because they destroy the balance of nature.
2. If you want to be healthy, you have to eat on time and keep a r_______ diet.
3. I don’t know w_______ he will come back next Friday.
4. We will c______ the picnic on the beach if it rains tomorrow.
5. Don’t f______ me to do anything. I won’t listen to you.
6. When he faces strangers, he always keeps s_______ and doesn’t say an ything.
7. Everyone in this country has responsibility to g_____ this country.
8. There’re different kinds of m______ in this shop, such as piano and guitar.
9. You shouldn’t have a q_____ with your parents. Their advice is good for you.
10. There will be a c_____ in the hall next month, and it will be held by a famous musician.
I. 1. enemies 2. regular 3. whether 4. cancel 5. force 6. silent 7. guard
8. musical instruments 9. quarrel 10. concert
II. 同义替换。
( ) 11. If you want to get an answer to the question, you first have to conduct a survey.
A. take out
B. carry out
C. think over
( ) 12. Leading a balanced life is helpful to reduce the pressure in our life.
A. stress
B. energy
C. danger
( ) 13. They are cooking in the kitchen, and talking with each other now and then.
A. again and again
B. for now
C. from time to time ( ) 14. We should be aware that the problem is very serious.
A. realize
B. agree
C. compare
( ) 15. The set of tools is not private, and it belongs to everyone here.
A. national
B. personal
C. proper
III. 根据上下文线索猜词。
( ) 16. Did something bad happen to you? You looks ________.
A. low
B. happy
C. difficult
( ) 17. If you work hard and keep doing it, your future will be _______ and finally you will be successful.
A. special
B. lucky
C. bright
( ) 18. I have a toothache. I’m going to see a ________ this afternoon.
A. friend
B. dentist
C. Teacher
II. 11-15 BACAB III. 16-18 ACB
IV. 根据所给的汉语内容, 用英语完成下列句子, 每空一词。
19. 不同的压力有不同的处理方法。
There’re different ways to ________ __________ different stresses.
20. 他看起来很沮丧, 但是我们不知道怎么让他振奋起来。
He looks upset, but we don’t know how to _______ _______ ______.
21. 把所有的忧虑抛在后面, 每天保持开心有利于健康。
It’s good for your health to ______ all the worries ______ and keep happy every day.
22. 当你发现自己处于压力之中时, 可以学着做一些让你放松的事, 比如听音乐。
When you find yourself under the pressure, you can ____ _____ _____ some things to let you relax, such as listening to music.
23. 当你遇到不好的事情时, 你要持乐观的态度, 并且相信一切都会好起来的。
When you meet something bad, you should _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ and believe everything will be fine.
24. 尽管他每天遭受疾病的折磨, 但他仍不放弃自己的梦想。
Though he _____ ______ the illness every day, he never gives up his dream.
25. 他非常幽默, 擅长讲笑话。
He’s very humorous and good at ______ ________.
26. 散步也是一种自我放松的方法。
_____ ______ ______ is also a way to relax oneself
27. 我们应该学会照顾自己, 而不是依赖于别人。
We should learn to ____ _____ _____ ourselves instead of depending on others.
28. 你们每天要有足够的睡眠。
You need to ______ _____ _____ every day.
29. 由于这个原因, 你不能参加这次会议。
_____ _____ _____, you can’t take part in the meeting.
30. 这个城市发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have _____ ______ in this city.
19. deal with 20. cheer him up 21. leave; behind 22. take up doing 23. look on the bright side 24. suffers from 25. telling jokes 26. Taking a walk 27. take care of 28. get enough sleep 29. For this reason 30. taken place
V. 根据句意, 从方框中选出正确的短语并用其适当形式完成句子。
worry about, guard against, cancel out, take a break, be busy with
31. I _______ my homework now, and later I will go out with you.
32. Don’t _______ your study, and I will help you with it.
33. After looking at the computer for a long time, you should _______ to relax your eyes.
34. We should learn to ________ some illnesses from a young age.
35. The positive thinking is one way to _______ your stress.
31. am busy with 32. worry about 33. take a break 34. guard against 35. cancel out
Section B (For Listening)
I. 根据汉语意思用所给的短语或句型造句。
1. 我总是亲自照顾我的宠物猫。(take care of)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 花太多的时间看电脑对你的眼睛有害。(spend … doing …)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 如果你盯着某物看了很长一段时间, 就需要停下来休息一下。(stare at)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 因为一场车祸, 他的眼睛失明了。(go blind)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 当你感觉到什么东西进入你的眼睛时, 你该怎么做？(get into)
_______________________________________________________________________________
1. I always take care of my pet cat by myself.
2. Spending too much time looking at the computer is bad for your eyes.
3. If you stare at something for a long time, you need to stop to take a rest.
4. His eyes went blind because of a traffic accident.
5. What should you do if you feel something get into your eyes?
II. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
In modern society, more and more people have (6) ____ (greatly) pressure in their work. They have to work day (7) ____ night. Some of them suffer from too much work. And some are even (8) _____ (kill) by overwork. Which is more important, health or wealth? Some people think that wealth is more important than health. In their opinion, money (9) _____ (be) everything.
“I would rather be the slave (奴隶) of money than the slave of people.” This is what they a ppreciate most. In order to (10) _____ (earn) more money, some of them spend most of the time (11) ____ (work),
(12)______ a matter of fact, health is more important than wealth because health is the foundation (基础) of wealth. Without health, you can hardly imagine where the wealth (13) ____ (come) from. Even if you are wealthy, (14) _____ can you enjoy your wealth when you have lost your health? In other (15) _______ (word), wealth is based on health and wealth serves health. However, we cannot ignore wealth. Without money, we can do nothing.
(6) great (7) and (8) killed (9) is (10) earn (11) working (12) As (13) comes (14) how (15) words
For Unit 6
Section B (For Speaking)
根据括号中所给的词或短语完成对话。
1. A: _____________________________ (seem)
B: I have a really bad cold.
2. A: _____________________________ (help sb. with)
B: I always feel tired.
3. A: What brings you to the hospital?
牛津初中英语语法汇总 1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 介词和介词短语 5. 连词 6. 形容词（比较级、最高级） 7. 副词（比较级、最高级） 8. 冠词 9. 动词（……情态动词） 10. 时态 : 现在进行时一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时现在完成时 11. 被动语态 12. 非谓语动词：动词不定式13. 主从复合句宾语从句 状语从句（if，unless，although，so that ）定语从句（who，that，which） 14. 直接引语与间接引语 牛津初中英语语法归纳 7A Unit 1 一般现在时 (is /am/are, do / does)的肯定、否定和疑问形式。例：My hair is long. Cats eat fish. He goes to school on foot every day. 7A Unit 2 1．人称代词——主格：I , you , he, she, it, we, they. 在句中作主语。例： We/ I / You/ They have lunch at school. He / She/ It looks at me. 2．人称代词——宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, them在句中作宾语。例： The teacher often helps us / me/ him/ her/ them. 7A Unit 3 时间介词 at, on, in 疑问词：what, which, who, whose, when, where, why, how some, any 的用法 7A Unit 4 频率副词 never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always There be 结构表示“某个地方客观存在”。 7A Unit 5 现在进行时 is/ am/are + doing 表示正在进行的动作. 7A Unit 6 can , may表示“允许、可以”。 顺序副词： first, then, next, afterwards, finally. 7B Unit 1 方位介词：in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on 基数词：one, two, three, four,…序数词：first, second, third, fourth…. 7B Unit 2 how much, how many.表示“多少”，前者跟不可数名词，后者跟可数名词的复数。名词所有格: Millie’s home, The two students’ homes.... 形容词性物主代词：my, your, his , her, our, their, its 名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, her, ours, theirs, its… 4. 定冠词the的用法: 独一无二的，前文已提到过的。 7B Unit 3 动作介词： across, along, through, over, to, up, down, round, from 一般将来时：will +动词原形， shall + 动词原形（但只能用于we/ I 第一人称） is/ am/ are going to + 动词原形7B Unit 4 一般过去时的肯定、否定和疑问形式。 be 动词的过去式：was/ were do（实义动词）的过去式分规则和不规则两类。 7B Unit 5 用can/ could表示“能力”“会”。 I can speak English. I could swim when I was young. 用can/ could 表示“可能”“可能性”。 I am free. I can help you. At that time, anything could happen. 感叹句 What a good girl! What bad weather! How nice it is! 7B Unit 6
初中英语语法练习12 牛津版 I、 Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up of D. are full of 2. ----I’m sorry I’ve broken your vase. -----: ______ A. with pleasure B. d on’t mind C. never mind D. don’t be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 4. I’ll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. in B. to C. at D. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o’clock, ______ ? A. haven’t they B. do they C. have they D. don’t they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. gives C. was given D. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unless B. if C. after D. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked up B. looked at C. looked for D. looked out 9. Don’t talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ o ne-year-old boy. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of drawing. A. another B. the other C. the others D. others 11. My sister doesn’t like her new sweater. It makes her look rather ______ . A. fat B. nice C. fatter D. nicer 12. Unluckily, Mr. Brown drove so ______ that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly 13. These days Sally ______ on a diet. She only eats two meals a day. A. was going B. has gone C. goes D. is going 14. Amy has no idea ______ spend her summer holidays. A. what she should B. when should she C. where she should D. that she should 15. ______ fun it is to have a picnic on such a sunny day! A. what a B. what an C. what D. how 16. ______ Peter finished his homework, he jumped onto his bike and rode to the beach. A. though B. until C. as soon as D. if 17．I’m afraid you have made _____mistakes in the test. Please be careful next time. A. a few B. much C. a little D. few 18．Since you are very tired, you ____finish the work today. A. don’t B. needn’t to C. not need D. needn’t 19. Usually children ____ good care of by their parents when they are at home. A. take B. are taking C. have taken D. are taken 20. This isn’t ____ Chinese textbook. I think it is ____.
龙源期刊网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c56327146.html, 初中英语动词的过去式教学体会 作者：江文华 来源：《读与写·教师版》2018年第06期 摘要：本文主要以初中英语动词的过去式教学为重点进行分析，从增强课堂趣味性、采用小组合作教学法、合理布设问题、拓宽教学内容这四方面进行深入探索，其目的在于加强初中英语动词的过去式教学质量，为初中生日后学生更加深层次的英语知识点莫定基础。 关键词：学生参与；初中英语；语法课堂；动词的过去式 中图分类号：G634.41 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-1578（2018）06-0165-01 引言：受课程改革影响，为了确保初中英语动词过去式教学质量，需转变传统的教学方法，打破传统的教学模式，给予学生课堂主体地位，使学生从被动学习转变为主动学习，进而提升学生英语学习质量。因时代的不断进步，使社会发展对人才的需求发生了变化，从最初的专业型人才转变为了当前应用创新型人才，为了满足社会发展所需，初中英语教师需加大对学生创新能力与实践能力培养力度，以便促进学生日后全面发展。 1.增强课堂趣味性.吸引学生眼球 基于素质教育下，各学科教学需以学生为主，当然初中英语也不例外，初中英语教师需打破传统的教学理念与模式，使自身转变为课堂教学活动的主要引导者，对学生进行适当调拨，引导学生朝着正确的学习方向走。在英语语法知识进行讲解时，英语教师需将学生的主力军作用充分的发挥，有效引导学生参与到课堂教学活动中。教师可以采用竞赛的方式，来活跃课堂氛围，增强英语课堂的趣味性，激发学生学习兴趣。反之，若是英语教师将语法知识点直接灌输给学生，不但不会调动学生的学习兴趣，还会导致他们的思维得不到有效发散。当然，为了确保英语知识讲解的丰富性，博取学生眼球，初中英语教师需要同自身实际教学经验总结出多样性的趣味教学法。例如，在教授苏教版动词过去式这一语法知识时，在具体教学中，初中英语教师可以引导学生以一条龙为主要学习形式。应用一句话来阐述自己上周日所做的事情。初中英语教师可以如此引导同学：Students，you use a word to describe what you did last Sunday，besure to apply the past tense.此外，当同学们在阐述过程中，应用教师需要将学生所阐述的句子写到黑板上，为学生后期总结奠定基础。若是学生在描述过程中存在语法错误，教师需要及时纠正，如学生所说的I go skiing with my mom and dad last Sunday，教师需要告诉学生应将go换成went，因为是过去式。 2.采用小组合作教学法，加强学生学习兴趣 初中阶段的英语主要以基础知识为主，需要记忆的东西比较多，所含有的知识体系较繁杂，所以在整体教学中，英语教师需注重培养学生学习兴趣，以激发学生探究与学习的欲望。
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
补充： 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法
初中英语语法大全汇总 （一） 一.词类( ) 名词英文名称(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词等 冠词英文名称(缩写为.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a() 代词英文名称(缩写为) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词 形容词英文名称(缩写为.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词. 数词英文名称(缩写为.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词 动词英文名称(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词() 副词英文名称(缩写为.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词 介词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词. 连词英文单词(缩写为.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词. 感叹词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词. 二.名词() 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 中国亚洲北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: 老师茶改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 马汽车房间苹果风扇照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 人们家庭军队政府集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 火钢空气水牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 劳动健康生活友情耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词( )有复数形式,如: a 不可数名词( )一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 沙糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 玻璃玻璃杯纸报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。
1 / 4 初中英语语法练习（十二） I、Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up ofD. are full of 2. ----I'm sorry I've broken your vase.-----: ______ A. with pleasure B. don't mind C. never mind D. don't be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few 4. I'll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. inB. toC. atD. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o'clock, ______ ? A. haven't they B. do they C. have they D. don't they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. givesC. was givenD. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unlessB. ifC. afterD. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked upB. looked atC. looked forD. looked out 9. Don't talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ one-year-old boy.A. aB. anC. theD. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of
苏教版初中英语语法 (2012-10-05 10:03:32) 转载▼ 标签： 杂谈 中考复习系列一词汇 一、中考对词汇的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1、能正确拼写大纲词汇表中的常用单词； 2、掌握大纲词汇表中所列全部单词的词文，并了解其词类（词性）； 3、了解构词法的基本知识，并根据此知识判断常用词的合成词与派生词的词义和词类，例如：drive – driver, use – useful； 4、正确理解现行教材课文中出现过的短语与习语；正确使用及辨析其中比较常见的短语和习语； 5、理解词类转化，例如：water (n.) – water (v.) 二、词汇考查点分项说明： 1、掌握大纲词汇表，了解词类 1）大纲词汇表中所列的词汇基本上为1至6册课本中所列的四会单词（即书后单词表中不带任何符号的单词）。要求同学们把所列单词的词义完全掌握。在此基础上，了解其词类（词性）。尤其注意要在情景中运用该词，而不是孤立地去记忆某个单词。 2）针对大纲词汇表中的常用单词，一定要能做到正确拼写。该项知识常以单词拼写的形式来考查学生，但一般无难题，基本属于送分题。出题范围主要是大纲中的一、二级词汇，也有可能出现非大纲词汇，但一般为常用词汇，尽管不在大纲中出现，却通常在课文中出现过。 请看以下几道例题： 1. Shanghai is a large c t in China. 2. Adam often helps me a lot. He is my best f nd. 3. I can’t carry the box. It’s too h v . 4. The man is very poor. He had no m n to buy food. 5. ---How often do you play football? --- Tw a week. 6. My grandparents like growing flowers. They w t the flowers everyday. 7. Summer is the hottest s son in the year. 8. --- Can you sp the word? --- Yes. T-A-B-L-E, table. 9. He was so excited that he coul dn’t f l asleep last night. 10. Everyone had a good time at the party. It was a p_ _ _ s _ _ _ evening. ( Key 1. city 2. friend 3. heavy 4. money 5. twice 6. water 7. season 8. spell 9. fall 10. pleasant ) 3）了解英文的词类： 英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。共有十类：名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词、感叹词。 词类英语名称（简称）意义例词
语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此，单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。 总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。本文帮大家归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句，希望对广大中学生有所帮助。 1词法 ▊ 1.名词 1.1 名词的可数与不可数 可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。 不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。 1.2 名词复数的规则变化 A.一般情况下加-s。 B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es D.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es 1.3 名词的所有格 A.单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。 如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ball
B.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。 如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room. These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms. C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。 如:the students’ books，the girls’ blouses (另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。) ▊ 2.代词 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词 2.1 人称代词 第一人称单数 I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数he him his his himself
名词 （一） 概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方名称 China, London 职业称呼 teacher, doctor 物品名称 pencil, dictionary 行为名称 study, invention 抽象概念 history, grammar （二）普通名词和专有名词 1．普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词，都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型： 1）个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物，例如： He has two aunts. 他有两个姑姑。 Most classrooms have computers. 多数教室里都有电脑。 也可指抽象东西，例如： We’ve live d here for twenty years. 我们在这里住了二十年了。 I had a dream last night 我昨晚做了一个梦。 个体名词有复数形式，如：weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an 连用，如：a week, a problem, an old man. 2）集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，下面是一些常见的集体名词： family （家，家庭） army （军队） company （公司；全体船员） enemy （敌人） government （政府） group （小组，团体） public （公众） team （队；组） police （警方） 集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待。一般说来，视为整体时作单数看待，想到它的成员时作复数看待： 例如： 有的集体名词通常用作单数，例如： Our company is sending him to work in Berlin. 我们公司将派他去柏林工作。 有的集体名词多作复数看待。例如： The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。 3）物质名词 物质名词指无法分为个体的东西，我们学过的常见的物质名词有： beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, wood, wool 等。 一般说来，物质名词是不可数折，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况： a ．有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示“一份”，“一杯”： Tree beers, please. 请来三杯啤酒。 A chocolate ice-cream for me. 给我一份巧克力冰淇淋。 b ．有此物质名词可作可数名词，表示“一种”： It was a special tea which tasted of orange blossoms. 这是一种特别的茶，有桔子花叶。 It was a delicious wine. 那是一种美味的红酒。 作单数看待 作复数看待 His family isn't large. 他家人不多。 The government is planning to build a dam here. 政府打算在这里建一座水坝。 The public was unlikely to support it. 公众支持它的可能性不大。 His family are all music lovers. 他家的人都喜欢音乐。 The government are discussing the plan. 政府在讨论这个计划。 The public were deceived by the newspaper. 公众受到报纸的蒙骗。
补充：1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 ,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 和any的用法 be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 ,could,may的用法 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法 肯定：Open the door.
初中英语语法大全 语法网络图 一．名词 I. 名词的种类： II. 1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下： leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, 2.
III. 名词的所有格： 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s 2. ’s
3. of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 二．冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. That boy is rather a Lei Feng. II.
III. 三．代词： I. 代词可以分为以下七大类： II. 不定代词用法注意点： 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask.
名词 （一）概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是： 人的名字Li Ming, Tom 地方名称China, London 职业称呼teacher, doctor 物品名称pencil, dictionary 行为名称study, invention 抽象概念history, grammar （二）普通名词和专有名词 1．普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词，都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型： 1）个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物，例如： He has two aunts. Most classrooms have computers. 也可指抽象东西，例如： We’ve lived here for twenty years. I had a dream last night 个体名词有复数形式，如：weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an连用，如：a week, a problem, an old man. 2）集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，下面是一些常见的集体名词： family（家，家庭）army（军队）company（公司；全体船员）enemy（敌人）government（政府） group（小组，团体）public（公众）team（队；组）police（警方） 集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待。一般说来，视为整体时作单数看待， 有的集体名词通常用作单数，例如： Our company is sending him to work in Berlin. 有的集体名词多作复数看待。
《体育基本理论教程》复习范围 名词解释 1、人文体育观其核心就是要主动表现体育对人类生存意义及价值的终极关切，回到以人为本的体育世界。P62 2、科学体育观，就是对于体育的科学精神、科学认识、科学思维和科学态度的总称P73健康：不但没有身体的缺陷和疾病，还要有完整的生理、心理状态和社会适应能力。P78 3、体育的本质：第一，从人与自然、人与社会之间的关系看，体育不过是人们为适应自然环境和社会需要而自觉改造自我身心的行为；第二，从主体与客体、动机与效果的关系来看，体育的主体与客体（对象）、动机与效果都统一于人的自身；第三，从内容和形式来看，体育的基本内容和基本形式都统一于称作身体练习的人的自身运动。P34体育是人类为适应自然和社会，以身体练习为基本手段而自觉的改善自我身心和开发自身潜能的社会实践活动，其本质的特点就是以身体练为手段，增强体质、促进人的全面发展，为社会发展服务：它在社会发展过程中，受一定的政治、经济制约，并为一定的政治、经济服务。 4、体育活动，举凡各种体育的实践形式、实施方式，以及体育过程中的各种相关活动，均可统称为体育活动。P36 5、体育事业是指一个国家或一定地域内各种体育实践、体育工作和体育资源的总和P36 6、体育文化：大而言之它可指体育运动本身所蕴涵的，围绕体育运动所形成的一切物质文明与精神文明的总和；小而言之它又可指体育运动某一方面的文明因素。P37 7、体育理念是在体育价值观的基础上，对体育理论化系统化综合化的认识或观念P54 8、体育精神是体育的整体面貌、水平、特色及凝聚力、感染力和号召力的反映，是体育的理念、信念、情操及体育知识、体育道德、体育审美水平的标志，是体育的支柱和灵魂。P56 9、体育教育即狭义的体育，俗称“小体育”它是教育的组成部分，是通过身体活动和其他一些辅助性手段进行的有目的、有计划、有组织的教育过程。P86 10、学校体育是教育的组成部分,是全面发展身体,增强体质,传授体育知识、技能,提高运动技术水平,培养道德和意志品质的有目的、有计划、有组织的教育