中考阅读理解
考点/易错点1:
一．解题步骤：（1）阅读了（2）理解了（3）做题了（4）满分了
二．翻译原则：老老实实从左至右一个词（短语）一个词（短语）地译
三．答题技巧：（1）同义转换（2）猜测词义（3）原句信息
（4）总结概括（5）加减乘除（6）推理判断
如果有拿不定主意的，不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。
考点/易错点2:
四．猜测词义技巧
(一)根据生活常识猜测(二)根据上下文的意思猜测(三)根据转折、因果猜测
(四)通过同义，反义猜词(五)通过构词法猜词(六)通过定义或释义推测
(七)通过句法功能来推测词义(八)通过描述猜词
五．主旨归纳题技巧议论文和说明文的主题句经常在开头或结尾。记叙文往往没有考点/易错点3：阅读理解命题构成规律
A篇：人文阅读：原句信息、同义转换、推理判断、总结概括
B篇：表格阅读：原句信息、加减乘除、推理判断、总结概括
C篇：思想美文：原句信息、猜测词义、同义转换、推理判断、总结概括
D篇：任务阅读：推理判断、原句信息、划线提问、找主题句、英句译汉
考点/易错点4：阅读理解的做题思路
第一步：通读全文，抓住中心(图表类的短文先读题目再读文章)在此过程中，注意把握四个阅读原则：
⑴原则一：1∶1原则（通读时间与做题时间对等）
⑵原则二：首末段原则（不要怕重复和回读）。首段的作用：①中心段②抛砖引玉；末段的作用：①中心段②总结全文（尤其是记叙文，末段往往是点睛之笔)
⑶原则三：首末句原则，即除首段和末段，其余各段的首末句一定要读懂，其他各句正常阅读
⑷原则四：把每段的中心句画出来
第二步：仔细审题，根据每段的中心句返回原文找出答案，并且把每道题的做题依据在文中标出来。
第三步：根据做题的依据来检查选项：
阅读技巧之长难句：长难句解析方法：使用连接词and，or, before，after，when ，how ，but，for，of，with，however，so等将句子分开，再层层扩展。
考点/易错点5: 四大题型解题方法
一、词义猜测题
⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要求辨别其意思。
⑴做题的关键在于：就近原则，该单词的上下文，需要注意如果该单词认识，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案，其正确答案是根据上下文推测的一个更加深刻的含义。
⑴做题的方法：⑴代入替换法；⑴回到文中，根据上下文的语境来做题。
考点/易错点6:
二、事实细节题
⑴标志：
⑴题干中明确提到的时间、地点、人物，数字，专有名词等细节信息
⑴针对文章中的一句或几句发问
⑴做题的关键在于：返回原文
⑴根据题干中的时间、地点、人物, 物品，返回原文
⑴根据出题顺序返回原文
⑴根据题干中的重点词或其同义词返回原文（如名词、动词、形容词）
考点/易错点7:
三、推理判断题
⑴标志：关键词：infer，learn
比如：What can you infer/learn from the passage？
What do you think ……is？
⑴整体思路：
推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有，绝大多数推理题是原文意思的同义表达，正确答案与原文之间没有任何推理关系
⑴做题方法：返回原文
考点/易错点8:
四、主旨大意题
⑴标志：best title，main idea，main problem
⑴整体思路：要有“胸怀”，从整体出发，因为错误的选项一般都是：从文中某些事实或细节，以及由片面事实推出的错误结论；非文章事实的主观判断
⑴做题方法：找中心句
自然段多：联系中心句，找和中心句最贴近
自然段少：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。
快速作文法：依据选项、快速作文、与原文核对
考点/易错点9：阅读的要求
能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；
能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；
能找出文章的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；
能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；
能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；
能利用字典等工具书进行学习；
除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。
考点/易错点10: 考察内容：
记叙文(人物传记类、逸闻趣事类、生活交往类、人生哲理类)
说明文(社会文化类、广告应用类、健康保健类、时文公告类、史地常识类、生态环保类、科学教育类、政治经济类、新闻报道类、议论说理类、科普知识类)
题型分类：理解主旨和要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断生词的词义、作出判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
考点/易错点11: 阅读理解题材的多样化，大多集中在学生日常生活中遇到的话题和学生有关的热点话题，体裁也以记叙文，说明文，应用文为主，词数基本在300-450词每篇。充分考查了学生理解文章，和分析问题的综合能力，也是学生容易失分拉开差距的题型。
从题型上说，阅读题可分为推理判断题，细节题，和主旨大意题。其中大部分题都是细节考查，能够通过细读文章，找到正确答案，篇目的设置由易到难，多以细节考察题和推理判断题为主。
考点/易错点12:考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意
此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：(1) Which is the best title of the passage?
(2) Which of the following is this passage about?
(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.
(4) The passage tells us that______.
(5) This passage mainly talks about_______.
考点/易错点13:考查把握文章的事实和细节
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：
(1) Which of the following is right?
(2) Which of the following is not mentioned?
(3) Which of the following is Not True in the passage?
(4) Choose the right order of this passage.
(5) From this passage we know ________.
考点/易错点14:考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义
此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式是：
(1) The word “ ” in the passage probably means ________.
(2) The underlined word “It” in the passage refers to _______.
(3) In this story the underlined word “ ” means ________.
(4) Here “it” means________.
考点/易错点15:考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解
此类题目主要考查的是句与句之间，短语短之间的逻辑关系，其主要提问方式是：
(1) Many visitors come to the writer’s city to ________.
(2) Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _____.
(3) Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station?
考点/易错点16:考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断。
此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式是：
(1) We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.
(2) We can infer from the text that _______.
(3) From the letters we’ve learned that it’s very _____ to know something about American
social customs.
(4) From the story we can guess ______.
(5) What would be happy if …?
考点/易错点17:考查推断作者意图和态度
其主要提问方式是：
(1) How did the writer feel at Vienna station?
(2) The writer writes this text to ______.
(3) The writer believes that ______.
(4) The writer suggests that ______.
考点/易错点18：阅读理解题的解题技巧
1．获取段落的主旨和大意。最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章（或一段文章）通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：
1）表述的意思比较概括，相对其主句来看，这种概括性更为明显。
2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。
3）段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。
在一个段落中，大部分主题句的位置有两种：主题句在段首。主题句在段末。
考点/易错点19：阅读理解题的解题技巧
2．根据上下文猜测词义。猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。上下文的作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
猜测词义时，我们可以从三个方面来考虑：
1）根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。根据上下文猜测词义的方法有下列几种：根据定义或解释猜测词义；根据并列、同位关系猜测词义；根据同义、反义、因果关系猜测词义。
2）运用语法知识进行语法分析。
3）依靠常识和经验做出判断。
考点/易错点20：阅读理解题的解题技巧
3. 确定细节和事实。在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题
目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：
1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。
2）干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
考点/易错点21：阅读理解题的解题技巧
4．进行合理推断。所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。需要推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
初中英语阅读试题中的推断题很多，包括的面也很大。其类型主要有以下几种：
1）事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
2）指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。
3）逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度感觉。
4）对作者的意图和态度的推断。这一类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。
总之，只要平时善于积累，并熟练运用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。做阅读理解题时“五忌”
1、忌不带问题
做阅读理解题时，应先把文章后面所给的考查题浏览一遍，然后带着这些问题进行阅读。边阅读边选出考查表层情况问题的答案，从而提高阅读效果和速度。
2、忌草率行事
在设计理解题时，设计者往往在四个选项中设计出一个似是而非的答案。这样答案干扰性特别强，容易迷惑考生。如果在发现一个看似正确答案时就草率定案，往往会掉进设计者设置的“陷阱”里。处理的方法是：对所给四个备选答案进行分析比较，在理解阅读材料内容的基础上进行去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。
3、忌主观印象
少数阅读试题只需根据生活常识就可选出答案，而绝大多数则不然，考生必须按照原文来选定答案。因此，考生在做后一种测试题时，一定要排除自身的生活经验、经历和已有的知识等主观因素的干扰，按照文章实际反映的情况来选择答案。
4、忌囫囵定案
所谓囫囵定案是指考生在未完全读懂文章时就匆忙定案，结果往往选错答案。因此，尚未读懂的地方如果时间允许的话，一定要慢速多读几遍，直到读懂时再定答案。
5、忌忽略时间
做阅读理解题时，一定要从整体上控制时间，时间分配根据文章的难易程度有别。文中一两处没弄懂的地方可以暂且放置一边，等把全部题目做完后，再回头来处理。因为做完题目后，你的心情相对放松了往往会产生新的思路、新的灵感。即使做完题后时间所剩无几了，你再把未处理的题猜测一下也不晚，因为你仍然有选对的可能性。
三、例题精析
【例题1】Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year of f before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers(志愿者). V olunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.
Pauline Jones, 18, lives in Cardiff, Wales. Next year she wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now she’s living in Belize. Pauline says, “I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted (污染), the coral dies.
I’m helping to do research on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it’s too late.”
“I’m staying with a family here and I help do some housework. I don’t get any money, but that’s OK. I love my work here, and I’m learning a lot about the people of Belize—and myself! When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America.”
56. Some young people from England ________ after they finish school.
A. go to university abroad
B. spend one year abroad as volunteers
C. go to work for money
D. start work in schools or hospitals
57. Paul in Jones, an eighteen-year-old girl, is living in ________ now.
A. England
B. China
C. Belize
D. Cardiff
58. Pauline Jones is ________ with other people.
A. studying Chinese in a university
B. working to save the coral reefs
C. helping do some housework
D. doing some research in Wales
59. From the passage, we know that the coral reefs ________.
A. will die because of the pollution
B. are not as beautiful as before
C. cannot live without fish in the sea
D. will probably be sold for money
60. Paul in Jones wants to ________ after she finishes her work as a volunteer.
A. stay there for another year
B. go back home to start work
C. learn about the people home
D. travel around Central America
【例题2】
Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work;you stay in bed, feeling very sad.
What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.
Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.
Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have
much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.
根据短文内容, 选择正确答案。
1. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. If things are very small, they are germs.
B. If things can’t be seen, they must be germs.
C. Germs are only in dirty water.
D. Germs are everywhere around us.
2. What is a microscope used for?
A. Making very small things look much bigger.
B. Making very big things look much smaller.
C. Helping you read some newspapers.
D. Helping you if you can’t see things clearly.
3. Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water?
A. You haven’t looked at it carefully.
B. Water can’t be drunk in this way.
C. There must be lots of germs in it.
D. Water will make you ill.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C. If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your body.
D. If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.
5. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Germs may make us ill.
B. Germs are in dirty water.
C. Don’t drink dirty water.
D. Take care of your fingers.
1、【答案】D
【解析】根据第四段中Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust.可以排除C选项。A，B选项明显不符合题意，只有选D，并且根据第二段It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere.可以确定正确答案。
2、【答案】A
【解析】根据文中They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes，but you can see them with a microscope.可以知道microscope是显微镜。确定选A。
3、【答案】C
【解析】文中说到Germs are always found in dirty water.因此父母不让喝脏水。4、【答案】D
【解析】根据文章可以判断A，B，C均为正确答案，而D项不正确，即使手不被割破，也会有细菌的。
5、【答案】A
【解析】总览全文，可以确定答案为A，Germs may make us ill。
Little Tommy was doing very badly in math. His parents had tried everything-tutors(家教), cards, special learning centers-in short, everything they could think of. Finally they took Tommy to a catholic(天主教的) school.
After the first day, little Tommy came home with a very serious look on his face. He didn't kiss his mother hello. Instead, he went straight to his room and started studying. Books and papers were spread(铺开) out all over the room and little Tommy was hard at work. His mother was surprised. She called him down to dinner and as soon as he finished eating, he went back to his room, without a word. In no time he was back hitting the books as hard as before. This went on for some time, day after day while the mother tried to understand what was happening.
Finally, little Tommy brought home his report card. He quietly put it on the table and went up to his room and hit the books. His mom looked at it and to her surprise, little Tommy got an A in math. She could no longer hold her curiosity(好奇心). She went to his room and asked, "Son, what was it? Was it the nuns(修女)?"
Little Tommy looked at her and shook his head, "No."
"Well then," she asked again. "WHAT was it?"
Little Tommy looked at her and said, "Well, on the first day of school, when I saw that man nailed(钉) to the plus sign(加号), I knew they weren't joking."
11.Why did Tommy's parents send him to a catholic school?
A. Because he could eat well there.
B. Because he could learn more from nuns.
C. Because his parents wanted him to do better in his math.
D. Because his parents didn't want him to learn math any more.
12.Tommy's mother felt surprised that his son ___________.
A. was still the same as usual.
B. ate so much at dinner.
C. kissed her hello after school.
D. worked hard but said little.
13.Which sentence is NOT true?
A. Little Tommy used to be weak in math.
B. Little Tommy worked hard at math after he entered the catholic school.
C. Little Tommy liked the nuns very much, so he worked hard.
D. Little Tommy's mother was surprised at her son's changes.
14.The last sentence in the passage shows that ___________.
A. Tommy felt sorry for the nailed man.
B. Tommy was afraid of being nailed.
C. Tommy didn't like the plus sign.
D. Tommy liked playing jokes on others.
15.From the passage, we can infer(推断) that _________.
A. teachers should be strict with their students.
B. mistaking(误解) might do good sometimes.
C. a catholic school is much better than other ones.
D. nuns are good at helping children with their math.
3.【答案】CDCBB
Little Mike’s grandma died weeks ago. He missed her very much. One afternoon Mike went to the city park where his grandma used to go. There he saw an old lady. She looked very kind. She was sitting there, watching pigeons（鸽子）. Little Mike went up and sat next to her. He took out his food and drinks and gave some to her. She smiled at him. Her smile was so sweet that Mike wanted to see it again. She seemed to understand him, so once again she smiled. Mike was very glad.
They sat there all the afternoon, eating and talking. As it grew dark, Mike got up to leave. Before he left, he hugged（拥抱）the old lady and she gave him her sweetest smile.
When Mike got home, his mother was surprised by the look of joy on his face.“I met a granny in the park. Her smile was like the kind of smile I had seen on Grandma’s face.”
The old lady also returned to her home happily. She told her son that she had food and drinks with a little boy. “He was as lovely as Brittany.” she said. Her son was surprised, because he had never seen her so happy since Brittany, her grandson, died weeks ago.
16.Little Mike went to the park and __________.
A. played with pigeons
B.fed pigeons
C. met an old lady
D. saw a friend of his grandma’s
17.The old lady’s smile showed that .
A. she had hoped to meet the boy
B. she wanted to get some drinks
C. she missed her grandson
D. she liked the little boy
18.Mike felt very glad because .
A. he gave the granny food and drinks
B. the old lady was as kind as his grandma
C. he had seen his grandma
D. he had a loving family
19.Mike and the old lady ____________.
A. were good to each other
B. knew each other well
C. often met in the park
D. did nothing that afternoon
20.What can we learn from the story?
A. When one feels unhappy, he must go to a park.
B. Old people are always kind and happy.
C. Children and old people should get on well with each other.
D. When people are kind to each other, they will feel happy.
4.【答案】CDBAD
4.
The idea that red means stop and green means has influenced our lives in more ways than just traffic signals（信号）．We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green means it's okay to move forward．But why were those colors chosen for traffic lights in the first place？For something we have to look at every day，why couldn't they have been prettier colors？www-2-1-cnjy-com Well，it's import to know that before traffic lights for cars，there were traffic signals for trains．At first，railway companies used red to mean stop，white to mean go，and green to mean warn．As you could imagine，trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go．For example，one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened．Because of that，railway companies finally moved green meaning go and used yellow to mean warn．And it's been that way ever since．
Red has always been a color that mean danger，long before cars were even
around．This most likely started because it's the color with the longest wavelength（波长）so it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors．
But，believe it or not，yellow was once used to mean stop．Back in the 1900s，some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area．Finally，highly reflective materials（高反射材料）were developed and red stop signs were born．Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day，school zones，some traffic signs，and school buses continue to be printed yellow．
So next time you are impatiently waiting at a traffic light，don't get so mad at them，they've certainly come a long way．
根据材料内容选择最佳答案．
56．What were traffic signals for before traffic lights for cars？
A．Trains B．Boats．C．Planes D．Bicycles
57．Which of the following colors meant go at first？A．Red．B．Yellow．C．White．D．Green．
58．Why does red mean danger？
A．Because it's the brightest color．
B．Because it can be seen far away．
C．Because railway companies say so．
D．Because it has the shortest wavelength．
59．Why are school buses painted yellow？
A．Because yellow is a prettier color．
B．Because yellow once meat danger．
C．Because yellow can be seen well in daytime．
D．Because yellow means it's OK to go forward．
60．What does the text mainly tell us？
A．How important traffic lights are．
B．Which color has the longest wavelength．
C．What red，yellow and green can be used for．
D．Why traffic lights are red，yellow and green．
【答案】ACBCD
【例题2】
阅读理解整体分析 选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化 命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略 在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求 先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概 略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息 寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座 即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案 再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。 阅读理解不同题型解题技巧 基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。 一、细节理解题解题技巧 细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。 但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息
最新中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。 C What is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “green.” That’s not because these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are interested in green fashion. Green fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green. Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells me n’s and women’s clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world. （1）From this passage, we know that “green fashion” means________. A. putting green color on your face B. making clothes from green trees C. wearing the color green all the time D. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth （2）Today, green fashion is ___________. A. the same as it was in the past B. making people work harder C. more popular and interesting D. mostly popular with famous persons （3）Which sentence about green clothing companies is true? A. They are all in Africa. B. They do not pay their workers well. C. They make clothes only for women. D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes. （4）What does EDUN do? A. It teaches people to make clothes. B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers. C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people. D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make. 【答案】（1）D （2）C
阅读短文还原句子—1 阅读短文，从下列所给的五个句子中，选四句还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。其中有一个多余选项。 阅读短文，从下列所给的五个句子中，选四句还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。其中有一个多余选项。 In 1940, a little girl named Wilma Rudolph was born. She was small and sick. In her early childhood, Wilma had many serious illnesses. 61 When Wilma was four years old, doctors noticed her left leg was not straight. They told her family that she had polio（小儿麻痹症），and that she would never walk. Wilma and her family didn’t want to believe the doctors. Wilma exercised every day until she was able to walk with a brace（支架）. 62 All her friends played basketball after school. Wilma sat and watched them every day, dreaming of being an athlete（运动员）. Of course, people thought she was crazy. 63 By the time she was nine years old, she could walk without a brace! She began playing basketball. In middle school, she was the star of the basketball team. A running coach saw her play. He thought Wilma could be a great runner. Soon Wilma was training for the Olympics. When she was sixteen, she flew to Melbourne for the 1956 Olympic Games. 64 Over the next four years, Wilma continued to train as a runner. In 1960, Wilma went to the Rome Olympics, determined to do better. Two days before her first race, she twisted(扭伤) her ankle. She was worried that her chance was gone. But she won the 100-meter race. 65 After that, she and her teammates won the 400-meter relay race. Wilma Rudolph was the first American woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympics! 281words 61-64 阅读短文还原句子—2 阅读短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择恰当的句子把短文补充完整，将其代号填在答题卡相应的题号后。注意选项中有一个多余选项。
2020届中考英语阅读理解50篇 (绝对精品训练题，接近实战考题，值得下载练习) 1 When I was a kid in Minnesota, watermelon was expensive. One of my father’s friends, Bernie, was a rich businessman, who owned a large store in St. Paul. Every summer, when the first watermelons arrived, Bernie would call. Dad and I would go to Bernie’s place. We’d sit on the edge of the dock（码头）, feet dangling（摇晃）, and got ready for a big meal. Bernie would take his knife, cut our first watermelon, hand us both a big piece and sit down next to us. Then we’d bury our faces in watermelon, eating only the heart—the reddest, juiciest, firmest, sweetest, most seed-free part—and throw away the rest. Bernie was my father’s idea of a rich man. I always thought it was because he was such a successful businessman. Years later, I realized that it was not Bernie’s wealth itself but his way of dealing with it that my father liked. Bernie knew how to stop working, get together with friends and eat only the heart of the watermelon. What I learned from Bernie is that being rich is a state of mind. Some of us, no matter how much money we have, will never be free enough to eat only the heart of the watermelon. If you don’t take the time to dangle your feet over the dock and enjoy life’s small pleasure, your work is probably hurting your life. For many years, I forgot that lesson I’d learned as a kid on the loading dock. I was too busy making all the money I could. Well, I’ve relearned it. I hope I have time left to enjoy the success of others and to take pleasure in the day. That’s the heart of the watermelon. I have learned again to throw t he rest away. 1. We learned from the second paragraph that the writer and his father were feeling ______. A. relaxed B. worried C. hungry D. proud 2. How did the writer and his father eat the watermelon? A. They ate it in a polite way. B. They only ate its best part. C. They ate every part of it. D. They shared only one piece. 3. In the eyes of the writer’s father, Bernie ______. A. was just a rich businessman B. worked hard all the time C. lived a rich but healthy life D. knew how to make money
中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone (里程碑) in space research. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 became the first lunar probe (月球探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon. The Earth's gravity (重力) slows the moon's rotation (自转), matching it to the speed of its orbit (公转). Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost "dark" and has never been seen. It's this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar (太阳的) winds, the far side may have the special minerals (矿物质). For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future. However, research of the "dark" side isn't easy. As the far side is blocked(阻断) off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China's relay satellite (中继卫星) Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved. Power supply (电源供应) is also a challenge to the task. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length (长度) of 28 Earth days. After Chang'e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels. Luckily, everything goes well, Chang'e-4 has worked on the "dark" side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scientific experiments. The New York Times used the word "groundbreaking" to praise the task and wrote that "it will offer help to the history and development of the moon". （1）When was Chang'e-4 sent up? A. In May, 2018. B. On December 8, 2018. C. On January 3, 2019.
中考英语阅读理解精选篇一中考英语阅读理解 真题及答案 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】
中考英语阅读理解100篇：中考英语阅读理解真题及答案（1） Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore. He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head. “You are no t from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.” Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife. They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.” When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. “I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hu ngry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.” “My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift” “I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.” 48. Edward expected to _________ with the money he got from his father. A. help the poor family B. buy something to eat C. buy some pretty books D. learn another language 49. Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him A. He couldn’t understand the boy B. He wouldn’t accept the money C. He didn’t like the boy’s language D. He was too cold to say anything
中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。 ① Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesn't work. Please help! Grace ② You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350℉. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt. ③ Found A purple schoolbag. Found at the gate. Call Janet at 457-4611. ④ Telephone Message From: Luke Sanger To: Mr. Miller Message: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）. ⑤Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday. We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone ） The experienced （for runners who can do 12miles or more ） Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555- 3697. A. office B. mobile phone C. printer D. cake （2）We may read Text ② in a ________. A. cookbook B. music magazine C. weather report D. story book （3）Text ③ should be a ________. A. thank-you note B. letter C. postcard D. notice （4）According to Text④, Luke Sanger should be ________ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29. A. at home B. in the office C. on the plane D. at the restaurant （5）In Test ⑤, the running club members meet ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. once a month D. twice a month 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。 （1）细节题。根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C 。 （2）推断题。本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A 。
2020年中考英语阅读理解20篇专项训练 (名师精选试题+实战训练，建议下载练习) 话题 1 教育引导 Passage 1 An old African-American woman was standing on the side of the highway on a rainy night. Her car broke down, and she really needed a ride. After waiting for half an hour, a young white man stopped to help her. It’s unusual because the black and the white ar e thought to be in the racial conflict（种族冲突）in the 1960s. The man took her to a safe place and helped her get a taxi car. She seemed to be very hungry, so the white man gave her some bread. She wrote down his address, thanked him and went away. Several days went by and a knock came on the man’s door. To his surprise, a color TV was sent to his home. A special note read: Thank you so much for helping me on the highway. Because of you, I was able to make it to my dying husband’s bedside just before he passe d away. Help those who need help. You will never know what it will bring to them. 1.What happened to the woman’s car?（根据短文内容回答问题） 2.Who helped the woman?（根据短文内容回答问题） 3.How did the woman thank the man?（根据短文内容回答问题） 4.从文中找出与下面句子画线部分意思最接近的单词。 A special note read: Thank you so much for helping me on the highway. 5.The underlined word “it” refers to . 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在二十世纪六十年代种族冲突时期在一个雨夜发生的感人故事，一位白人男子帮助了一位非裔美国老妇人，最后才知道原来老妇人是为了能及
中考英语阅读理解本章综合与测试（解析版）经典1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 C Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工） Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman!” Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She felt her face turn red. “Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodie’s father.” Jodie’s father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time. Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?” Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.” The place really smell too go od. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes you won’t smell a thing.” said her father. Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck. It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy. “Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and cle an. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman so much.” Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!” Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!” （1）What happened in My Swale’s class? A. He wanted to show what job was the most useful. B. He asked an improper question. C. Jodie gave an honest answer. D. Jodie was laughed at. （2）Why did Jodie’s fathe r take her to his workplace? A. To make Jodie calm down B. To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn about his job. C. To help Jodie learn about his job. D. To keep Jodie away from her classmates.