数学符号的英文表达
exclaim'＝'!'
'at'＝'@'
'numbersign'＝'#' 'dollar'＝'$'
'percent'＝'％'
'caret'＝'^'
'ampersand'＝'&' 'asterisk'＝'*'
'parenleft'＝'('
'parenright'＝')' 'minus'＝'-'
'underscore'＝'_' 'equal'＝'='
'plus'＝'+'
'bracketleft'＝'[' 'braceleft'＝'{'
'bracketright'＝']' 'braceright'＝'}' 'semicolon'＝';' 'colon'＝':' 'quote'＝'''
'doublequote'＝'"'
'backquote'＝'''
'tilde'＝'~'
'backslash'＝'\'
'bar'＝'|'
'comma'＝','
'less'＝'<'
'period'＝'.'
'greater'＝'>'
'slash'＝'/'
'question'＝'?'
'space'＝' '
．period 句号
，comma 逗号
：colon 冒号
；semicolon 分号
！exclamation 惊叹号？question mark 问号￣hyphen 连字符
'apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号—dash 破折号
… ?single quotation marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号( )parentheses 圆括号
[ ]square brackets 方括号
《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号
...ellipsis 省略号
¨tandem colon 双点号
"ditto 同上
‖parallel 双线号
／virgule 斜线号
＆ampersand = and
～swung dash 代字号
§section; division 分节号
→arrow 箭号；参见号
＋plus 加号；正号
－minus 减号；负号
±plus or minus 正负号
×is multiplied by 乘号÷is divided by 除号
＝is equal to 等于号
≠is not equal to 不等于号
≡is equivalent to 恒等于号
≌is identical to 全等于号
≈is approximately equal to 约等于号＜is less than 小于号
＞is more than 大于号
≮is not less than 不小于号
≯is not more than 不大于号
≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
％per cent 百分之…
‰per mill 千分之…
∞infinity 无限大号
∝varies as 与…成比例
∵since; because 因为
∴hence 所以
∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例
∠angle 角
?semicircle 半圆
R radius半径
D diameter; caliber直径
?circle 圆
○circumference 圆周
△triangle 三角形
?perpendicular to 垂直于∪union of 并，合集
∩intersection of 交，通集
∫the integral of …的积分
∑(sigma) summation of 总和°degree 度
′minute 分
″second 秒
＃number …号
℃Celsius degree 摄氏度
°F fahrenheit degree 华氏度＠at 单价
length~长width~宽
height~高
cylinder~圆柱
cone~圆锥
pi~圆周率
反函数:a inverse function.
幂函数:a power function.
指数函
数:a exponential function.
对数函数:a logarithmic function. 三角函
数:a trigonometric function.
反三角函
数:a anti-trigonometric function.
复合函
数:a compound function.
初等函数:a elementary function. 双曲函
数:a hyperbolic function.
反双曲函
数:a anti-hyperbolic function.
无穷小:infinitesimal.
无穷大:infinity.
连续性:continuity.
间断点:discontinuous point.
介值定
理:intermediate value theorem. 导数:derivative. 微
分:differential.
函数的单调
性:monotonicity of function.
曲线:curve. 曲线的凹凸
性:concavity of curve.
曲线的拐
点: keen point of curve. 曲率:curvature.
不定积
分: indefinite integral(indetermin ate integral).
定积分: definite integral.
广义积分:improper integral.
空间解析几
何:space analytic geometry.
向量代数:vector algebra.
空间直角坐标
系:space rectangular coordinate system.
数量积:scalar product.
向量积:vector product.
混合积:triple product. 曲面:surface.
二次曲面:second-degree surface.
一.数学中常用符号
=/=: is not equal to
>: is greater than <: is less th an
//: is parallel to _|_: is perpendi cular to
>=: is greater than or equal to (或 n o less than)
<=: is less than or equal to (或
no more than)
二.表达相应数目的前缀
1:uni-,mono-
2:bi-,du-,di-
3:tri-,ter-,
4:tetra-,quad-,
5:penta-,quint,
6:hex-,sex-,
7:sept-,hapta-,
8:oct,
9:enn-,
10:dec-,deka-,
三.数学中常用单词术语
abscissa 横坐标
absolute value 绝对值
acute angle 锐角
adjacent angle 邻角
addition 加
algebra 代数
altitude 高
angle bisector 角平分线
arc 弧
area 面积
arithmetic mean 算术平均值（总和除以总数）
arithmetic progression 等差数列（等差级数）
arm 直角三角形的股
at 总计（乘法）
average 平均值
base 底
be contained in 位于...上
bisect 平分
circumference 圆周长
circumscribe 外切，外接
clockwise 顺时针方向
closest approximation 最相近似的 combination 组合
common divisor 公约数，公因子
common factor 公因子 complementary angles 余角（二角和为90度）
composite number 合数（可被除1及本身以外其它的数整除）
concentric circle 同心圆
cone 圆锥（体积＝
1/3*pi*r*r*h）
congruent 全等的
consecutive integer 连续的整数 coordinate 坐标的
cost 成本
counterclockwise 逆时针方向 cube 1.立方数
2.立方体（体积＝
a*a*a 表面积＝6*a*a）
cylinder 圆柱体
decagon 十边形
decimal 小数
decimal point 小数点
decreased 减少
decrease to 减少到
decrease by 减少了
degree 角度
define 1.定义 2.化简
denominator 分母
denote 代表，表示
depreciation 折旧
distance 距离
distinct 不同的
dividend 1. 被除数 2.红
利
divided evenly 被除数
divisible 可整除的
division 1.除 2.部分
divisor 除数
down payment 预付款，定金 equation 方程
equilateral triangle 等边三角形
even number 偶数
expression 表达
exterior angle 外角
face （立体图形的）某一面
factor 因子
fraction 1.分数 2.比例
geometric mean 几何平均值（N个数的乘积再开N次方）
geometric progression 等比数列（等比级数）
have left 剩余
height 高
hexagon 六边形
hypotenuse 斜边
improper fraction 假分数 increase 增加
increase by 增加了
increase to 增加到
inscribe 内切，内接
intercept 截距
integer 整数
interest rate 利率
in terms of... 用...表达
interior angle 内角
intersect 相交
irrational 无理数
isosceles triangle 等腰三角形
least common multiple 最小公倍数 least possible value 最小可能的值
length 长
list price 标价
margin 利润
mark up 涨价
mark down 降价
maximum 最大值
median, medium 中数（把数字按大小排列，若为奇数项，则中间那项就为中数，若为偶数项，则中间两项的算术平均值为中数。例：(1，3，8)其中数为3；(1，3，8，9)其中数为(3+8)/2=5）
median of a triangle 三角形的中线
mid point 中点
minimum 最小值
multiplication 乘法
multiple 倍数
natural number 自然数
negative number 负数
nonzero 非零
number lines 数线
numerator 分子
obtuse angle 钝角
octagon 八边形
odd number 奇数
ordinate 纵坐标
overlap 重叠
parallelogram 平行四边形
pentagon 五边形
per capita 每人
perimeter 周长
permutation 排列
perpendicular lines 垂直线
pyramid 三角锥
plane 平面
polygon 多边形
positive number 正数
power 次方（2的5次方＝the fifth power of 2）
prime factor 质因子
prime number 质数
product 乘积
profit 利润
proper fraction 真分数
proportion 比例
purchasing price 买价
quadrant 象限
quadrihedrogon 四角锥
quadrilateral 四边形
quotient 商
ratio 比例
rational 有理数
radius 半径（复数为radii） radian 弧度
real number 实数
reciprocal 倒数
rectangle 长方形
rectangular prism 长方体
reduced 减少
regular polygon 正多边形
remainder 余数
retail value 零售价
rhombus 菱形
right angle 直角
right triangle 直角三角形
round 四舍五入
sale price 卖价
segment 线段
set 集合
sequence 数列
scalene triangle 不等边三角形
side 边长
simple interest 单利
slope 斜率
solution （方程的）解
speed 过度
sphere 球体（表面积＝
4*pi*r*r,体积＝4/3*pi*r*r*r）
square 1.平方数，平方 2. straight angle 平角
subtract 减
subtraction 减法
sum 和
surface area 表面积
supplementary angles 补角
tangent 相切
tenths' digit 十分位
tenth 十分位
tie 并列，打平
times 倍
total 1.总数（用于加法中，相当于＋） 2.总计（用于减法中，相当于－）
to the nearest 最接近的
trapezoid 梯形
triangle 三角形
two digits 2位
units' digit 个位
veiocity 速度
vertex angle 顶角
vertical angle 对顶角
volume 体积
whole number 整数
width 宽
3-digit number 三位数
1. 正数positive number
2. 负数negative number
3. 整数integer
4. 分数fraction
5. 有理数rational number
6. 数轴number axis
7. 原点origin
8. 绝对值absolute value
9. 相反数opposite number
10. 有理数加减法subtraction
11. 有理数乘法multiplication
12. 有理数除法division
13. 代数式algebraic expression
14. 单项式monomial
15. 系数coefficient
16. 多项式polynomial
17. 整式integral expression
18. 同类项like terms
19. 一元二次方程linear equation with one unknown
20. 方程的解solution of equation
21. 解方程solving equation
22. 移项moving terms
23. 棱edge
24. 顶点vertex
25. 点point
26. 线line
27. 面plane
28. 线段line segment
29. 距离distance
30. 射线ray half line 31. 直
线straight line right line
32. 中点middle point
33. 角angle
34. 互为余角complementary angle
35. 互为补角supplementary angle
36. 对顶角opposite angles
37. 平行线parallel lines
38. 垂直perpendicular
39. 垂足foot of a perpendicular
40. 垂线perpendicular line
41. 抽对称line symmetry
42. 对称轴axis of symmetry
43. 对称点symmetric points
44. 轴对称图形axially symmetric figure
45. 垂直平分线midpoint perpendicular
46. 梯形trapezoid
47. 等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid
48. 平方根square root
49. 开平方extraction of square
root
50. 立方根cube root
51. 开立方extraction of cubic root
52. 无理数irrational number
53. 实数real number
54. 近似数approximate number
55. 有效数字significant figure
56. 旋转circumgyration
57. 中心对称central symmetry
58. 对称中心symmetric centre
59. 中心对称图形central symmetric figure
60. 平行四边形parallelogram
61. 矩形rectangle
62. 菱形rhombus
63. 正方形square
64. 直角坐标系rectangular coordinates
65. x（y）轴x-axis y-axis
66. 原点origin 67. 坐标coordinates
68. 象限quadrant
69. 常量constant
70. 变量variable
71. 函数function
72. 图像graph
73. 一次函数linear function
74. 算术平均数arithmetic mean
75. 加权平均数weighted mean
76. 中位数median
77. 众数mode
78. 极差range
79. 方差variance
80. 标准差standard deviation
81. 二次根式quadratic radical
82. 同类二次根式 quadratic radicals of the same type
83. 一元二次方程quadratic equation with one unknown
84. 圆circle
85. 圆心centre of a circle
86. 半径radius
87. 弦chord
88. 直径diameter
89. 劣弧minor arc
90. 圆心角central angle
91. 同心圆concentric circles
92. 等弧equal arc
93. 优弧major arc
94. 圆周角angle in a circular segment
95. 三角形的外接圆circumcircle of triangle
96. 三角形的外心circumcenter
97. 圆的切线tangent line
98. 三角形的内切圆inscribed circle of triangle
99. 三角形的内心incenter
100. 圆周率ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
101. 扇形sector
102. 圆锥的母线generating line 103. 二次函数quadratic function 104. 抛物线parabola 105. 正切tangent 106. 余弦cosine
107. 三角函数 trigonometric function
英语加减乘除表达 1.加减乘除公式 ⑴ A＋B＝C A plusB equals/is C 20＋5＝25 Twenty plus 5 equals/is twenty-five. ⑵ A－B＝C A minusB equals/is C 20－5＝15 Twenty minus 5 equals/is fifteen. ⑶ A×B＝C A multiplied byB equals/is C 20×5＝100 Twenty multiplied by 5 equals/is one hundred. ⑷ A÷B＝C A divided byB equals/is C 20÷5＝4 Twenty divided by 5 equals/is four. 2.加减乘除口语化的表达 ⑴ Add twenty and five, we can get twenty-five. ⑵ Subtract five from twenty, we can get fifteen. ⑶ Multiply twenty by five, we can get one hundred. ⑷ Divide twenty by five, we can four. 3. 用how much对加减乘除进行提问 ⑴Twenty minus five equals fifteen. How much does twenty minus five equal? ⑵Twenty minus five is fifteen. How much is twenty minus five? 英语分数、小数及百分数的表达 1.表达形式 ⑴分数 ①基本规则：子基母序（即：分子用基数词，分母用序数词） 1/3 one third 1/8 one eighth 1/12 one twelfth ②当分子大于1时，分母要加s变成复数。 2/3 two thirds 3/8 three eighths 5/12 five twelfths ③特殊的表达： 1/4 可以表示为 one fourth 或者 a quarter 3/4 可以表示为 three fourth 或者 three quarters 1/2 a half ⑵.小数 小数点前后的数均按基数词来读，小数点读成point，小数点后的数字逐位读出。 3.1415926 three point one four one five nine two six 0.463 zero point four six three ⑶.百分数 汉语中先读百分号，再读数字；英语中恰恰相反：先念出数字，再加上百分号percent 80% eighty percent 99.5% ninety-nine point five percent
英语数学符号 +plus加号；正号 -minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号 ≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is greater than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 %per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例
√(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例∠angle角 ?semicircle半圆 ?circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ?perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度 {open brace, open curly左花括号 }close brace, close curly右花括号
常用的数学英语表述 1.Logic ?there exist ?for all p?q p implies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x minus one x±1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus y x y x over y = the equals sign x = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5 x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y x is greater than y x≥y x is greater than or equal to y x < y x is less than y x≤y x is less than or equal to y 0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 0≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x | mod x / modulus x x 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x 3 x cubed x 4 x to the fourth / x to the power four
asterisk (*) plus sign (+) minus sign (-) forward slash (/) backslash (\) percent symbol (%) exclamation point symbol (!) underscore (_) equal sign (=) decimal points (.) semicolon (;) increment (++) operators decrement (--) operators ( ) Parenthesis { } Braces [ ] Brackets , Comma ; Semicolon ' Quote @ At +plus加号；正号 -minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is more than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 %per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例 √(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以
数学公式的英文表达 Pronunciation of mathematical expressions The pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below. In general, the shortest versions are preferred (unless greater precision is necessary). 1. Logic 9 there exists 8 for all p ) q p implies q / if p, then q p , q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2. Sets x 2 A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x =2 A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A ? B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A ? B A contains B / B is a subset of A A \ B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A [ B A cup B / A join B / A union B A n B A minus B / the di?erence between A and B A ￡ B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x + 1 x plus one x ° 1 x minus one x ? 1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x ° y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus y x y x over y = the equals sign x = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x 6= 5 x (is) not equal to 5 1 x ￥ y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x 6￥ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y x is greater than y x ? y x is greater than or equal to y x < y x is less than y x · y x is less than or equal to y 0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 0 · x · 1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 jxj mod x / modulus x x2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x3 x cubed x4 x to the fourth / x to the power four
一、数学运算符号的英文表达(小数、分数、百分数和运算符号) 1. 小数表示法 (1) 小数的读法 小数点左边的数通常按基数词读，若为三位以上的数，也可按编码式读法读出，即将数字单个读出；小数点右边的数通常按编码式读法单个读出。如： 6.86 six point eight six 14.15 fourteen point one five 345.456 three four five point four five six 或three hundred and forty－five point four five six (2) 小数中“0”的读法 “0”在小数中通常读作nought（英）或zero（美），也可读作字母o。如： 0.08 （nought）point nought eight 或（zero）point zero eight 9.07 nine point o seven 2. 百分数表示法 百分数中的百分号％读作percent。如： 6% 读作six percent 0.6% 读作（nought）point six percent 500% 读作five hundred percent 3. 倍数表示法 倍数表示方法很多，如： This room is four times as big as mine. 这个房间是我房间的四倍。 This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍。 The output of coal has doubled. 煤的产量增加了一倍。 My aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑年龄比我大一倍。 Productivity is increased three fold. 生产效率提高了两倍。 The volume of the Sun is about 1,300,000 times that of the Earth. 太阳的体积约为地球的1300000倍。 4. 加减乘除式的读法 6+5＝11 Six plus five is eleven 或Six and five is eleven. 11-6＝5 Eleven minus six is five. 或Six from eleven is five. 4×5＝20 Four multiplied by five is twenty.或Four times five is twenty. 20÷4＝5 Twenty divided by four is five. 或Four into twenty goes five.
这些符号用英语怎么读 键盘上的英文怎么读： ` backquote 反引号 ~ tilde ! exclam @ at # numbersign,英语国家是hash，美语是pound,音乐里作sharp,如C# $ dollar % percent ^ caret & ampersand * asterisk,star(美语),数学公式中作multiply ( parenleft,opening parentheses ) parenright,closing paretheses - minus;hyphen连字符,不读 _ underscore + plus = equal [ bracketleft,opening bracket ] bracketright,closing bracket { braceleft } braceright ; semicolon : colon ' quote " doublequote / slash backslash 反斜杠 | bar , comma < less > greater . period ? question space 空格 其他符号的读法 ＜is less than ＞is more than ≮is not less than ≯is not more than
≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 - hyphen 连字符 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ' apostrophe 省略号,英文中省略字符用的撇号;所有格符号％percent －dash 破折号 ‰ per mille ∞ infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 ( ) parentheses 圆括号 √ (square) root 平方根 [ ] square brackets 方括号 ∵since; because 因为 《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号 ∴hence 所以 … ellipsis 省略号 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 ¨tandem colon 双点号 ∠angle 角 ∶ditto 双点号 ⌒semicircle 半圆 ‖ parallel 双线号 ⊙circle 圆 ／virgule 斜线号 ○ circumference 圆周 ～swung dash 代字号 △triangle 三角形 §section; division 分节号 ⊥perpendicular to 垂直于 → arrow 箭号；参见号 ∪union of 并，合集 ∩ intersection of 交，通集 ∫ the integral of …的积分 ±plus or minus 正负号 ∑ summation of 总和 ×is multiplied by 乘号 °degree 度 ÷is divided by 除号 ′ minute 分 〃second 秒 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ℃Celsius degree 摄氏度 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号
“加减乘除”怎么说？各种数学符号的英文表达，看完学渣变学霸！ 不知大家还记得当年所画过的函数图吗？不停地标点，画线，有时候为了画出好看的弧度，甚至要多擦几遍才能做到...每一条函数都有不一样的形状，把它们组合起来，也许会有意想不到的效果噢 数学，相信对于不少人，特别是文科班女生的来说，都是一个大难题。在考试时，靠的就是自己的英语来拉分。那么，想要用英语来说出数学公式，又该怎么表达呢？
一. 首先区分一下Equations 和Formulas的使用 1. An equation等式 says that two things are equal. It will have an equals sign "=" like this: x + 2 = 6 2. A formula公式 is a special type of equation that shows the relationship between different variables. 也是一种特殊的等式，只不过展示的是不同变量之间的关系 举个栗子：我们常用到的长方体的体积等于长X宽X高就是一个formula V = lwh V stands for volume, l for length, w for width, and h for height. 3. Algebra代数 不用多说，就是XY未知数，多年实战，你们懂的
二. 符号 要说公式，总不能只说个字母就完事吧，加减乘除先来一翻1.加号+ plus x + 1：x plus one 2.减号- minus x -1：x minus one 3.乘号x multiplied by x times y; x multiplied by y 4.除号÷ over; divided by x over y; x divided by y; 除了这些小学的算术题外，还有这些 1.约等于x ≈ y x is approximately equal to y 2.大于等于x ≥ y x is greater than or equal to y 3.小于等于x ≤ y x is less than or equal to y
常用数学符号大全 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
常用数学输入符号：～～≈ ≡ ≠ ＝≤≥ ＜＞≮≯∷ ±＋－ × ÷／∫ ∮∝∞ ∧∨∑ ∏ ∪∩ ∈∵∴//⊥‖ ∠⌒≌∽√（）【】｛｝ⅠⅡ⊕⊙∥αβγδεζηθΔαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρστυφχψω ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚ∧ΜΝΞΟ∏Ρ∑ΤΥΦΧΨΩ абвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюя АБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ
sin(x) 在自变量x处的正弦函数值 exp(x) 在自变量x处的指数函数值，常被写作e x a^x a的x次方；有理数x由反函数定义 ln x exp x 的反函数 a x同 a^x log b a 以b为底a的对数； b log b a = a cos x 在自变量x处余弦函数的值 tan x 其值等于 sin x/cos x cot x 余切函数的值或 cos x/sin x sec x 正割含数的值，其值等于 1/cos x csc x 余割函数的值，其值等于 1/sin x asin x y，正弦函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = sin y acos x y，余弦函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = cos y atan x y，正切函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = tan y acot x y，余切函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = cot y asec x y，正割函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = sec y acsc x y，余割函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = csc y θ角度的一个标准符号，不注明均指弧度，尤其用于表示atan x/y，当x、y、z用于表示空间中的点时 i, j, k 分别表示x、y、z方向上的单位向量 (a, b, c) 以a、b、c为元素的向量 (a, b) 以a、b为元素的向量 (a, b) a、b向量的点积 ab a、b向量的点积 (ab) a、b向量的点积 |v| 向量v的模 |x| 数x的绝对值 Σ表示求和，通常是某项指数。下边界值写在其下部，上边界值写在其上部。 如j从1到100 的和可以表示成：。这表示1 + 2 + … + n M 表示一个矩阵或数列或其它 |v> 列向量，即元素被写成列或可被看成k×1阶矩阵的向量 数学运算符号的英文表达 小数、分数、百分数和运算符号 1. 小数表示法 (1) 小数的读法 小数点左边的数通常按基数词读，若为三位以上的数，也可按编码式读法读出，即将数字单个读出；小数点右边的数通常按编码式读法单个读出。如： 6.86 six point eight six 14.15 fourteen point one five 345.456 three four five point four five six 或three hundred and forty－five point four five six (2) 小数中“0”的读法 “0”在小数中通常读作nought（英）或zero（美），也可读作字母o。如： 0.08 （nought）point nought eight 或（zero）point zero eight 9.07 nine point o seven 2. 百分数表示法 百分数中的百分号％读作percent。如： 6% 读作 six percent 0.6% 读作（nought） point six percent 500% 读作five hundred percent 3. 倍数表示法 倍数表示方法很多，如： This room is four times as big as mine. 这个房间是我房间的四倍。 This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍。The output of coal has doubled. 煤的产量增加了一倍。 My aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑年龄比我大一倍。 Productivity is increased three fold. 生产效率提高了两倍。 The volume of the Sun is about 1,300,000 times that of the Earth. 太阳的体积约为地球的1300000倍。 4. 加减乘除式的读法 6+5＝11 Six plus five is eleven 或Six and five is eleven. 11-6＝5 Eleven minus six is five. 或Six from eleven is five. 4×5＝20 Four multiplied by five is twenty.或Four times five is twenty. 20÷4＝5 Twenty divided by four is five. 或Four into twenty goes five. 15:5＝3 The ratio of fifteen to five is three. 32 Three squared is nine. 23 Two cubed is eight. 24 The fourth power of two is sixteen. X^(1/2)=Y The square root of X is Y. X^(1/3)=Y The cubic root of X is Y. a ＞ b a is more than b. a ＜ b a is less than b. a ≈ b a approximately equals to b. a ≠ b a is not equal to b. 一、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式： F拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people F根据发音 R are THO though THRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DEPT Department DISC Discount DPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN Explain EXT Extent FLT Flight FNT Final FRT Freight FYR For your reference GD Good GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS Observe OBT Obtain ORD Ordinary PAT Patent + plus 加号；正号 - minus 减号；负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by 乘号 ÷ is divided by 除号 ＝ is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜ is less than 小于号 ＞ is more than 大于号 ≮ is not less than 不小于号 ≯ is not more than 不大于号 ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 % per cent 百分之... ‰ per mill 千分之... ∞ infinity 无限大号 ∝ varies as 与...成比例 √ (square) root 平方根 ∵ since; because 因为 ∴ hence 所以 ∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例∠ angle 角 ⌒ semicircle 半圆 ⊙ circle 圆 ○ circumference 圆周 π pi 圆周率 △ triangle 三角形 ⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于 ∪ union of 并，合集 ∩ intersection of 交，通集 ∫ the integral of ...的积分 ∑ (sigma) summation of 总和 ° degree 度 ′ minute 分 〃 second 秒 ℃ Celsius system 摄氏度 { open brace, open curly 左花括号 } close brace, close curly 右花括号 ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号 ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号 () brakets/ parentheses 括号 + plus加号；正号 - minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is greater than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 % per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例 √(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例 ∠angle角 ?semicircle半圆 ?circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ?perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度 {open brace, open curly左花括号 }close brace, close curly右花括号 1.Logic ?there exist ?for all p?q p implies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x minus one x±1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus y x/y x over y = the equals sign x = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5 x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x≡/y（x不等于y)x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y x is greater than y x?y x is greater than or equal to y x < y x is less than y x?y x is less than or equal to y 0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 0?x?1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal + plus, positive －minus, negative ×multiplied by, times ÷(／) divided by = is equal to, equals ≠ not equal to ≈ is approximately equal to, approximately equals ＞greater than ＜less than ≥ equal to or greater than ≤ equal to or less than >> much greater than << much less than ∈is a member of the set ( ) round brackets, parentheses [ ] square brackets { } braces ∽similar to ≌congruent to ⊥perpendicular to, at right angles with ∥parallel to ∠angle ⊙circle e the base o f natural logarithms, approx. 2. 71828 π pi; the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, diameter, approx, 3.14159 n! factorial n, n( n－1) ( n－2) (n－3) (1) ︱x︱the absolute value of x X2 raised to the second power X3 X cube; X cubed; the cube of X; X to the third power; the third power of X; X raised to the third power X-10 X to the minus tenth( tenth power) √x the square root of x 3√x the cube root of x X n the nth power of X, X to the power n, X raised to the nth power, X to the nth power 1/X n one over X to the n α 5/β2 α to the five over β squared X1/n(n√X) the nth root of X, X to the power one over n y=f(x) y is a function of x a+b a plus b; the sum of a and b; the total of a and b; a added to b; a increased to b; a increased by b; a more than b; a greater than b a－b a minus b; a less b the difference of a and b; from a subtract b; a takes away b; a decreased by b; a diminished by b; b is Pronunciation of Mathematical Expressions The pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below. In general, the shortest versions are preferred (unless greater precision is necessary). 1、Logic 2、Sets 3、Real numbers x x plus one 1 + x x minus one 1 - ± x x plus or minus one 1 xy xy / x multiplied by y x+ y -x minus y, x plus y ) )( (y x y x x over y / x on y ＝ the equals sign 5=x x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 5≠x x (is) not equal to 5 y x ≡ x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x ≠y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y y x > x is greater than y y x ≥ x is greater than or equal to y y x < x is less than y y x ≤ x is less than or equal to y 1 0<数学运算符 的英文表达
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