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初一英语上册(外研版)Module 6 A trip to the zoo 知识点总结

初一英语上册(外研版)Module 6 A trip to the zoo 知识点总结
初一英语上册(外研版)Module 6 A trip to the zoo 知识点总结

初一英语上册(外研版)Module 6 A trip to the zoo

知识点总结

一、重点词汇

such as

·原文再现

The zoo has many kinds of animals, such as bears, zebras, giraffes and pandas.

动物园里有许多种动物,比如熊、斑马、长颈鹿和熊猫。

·基本用法

such as意为“比如,例如”,后面跟所列举的事物。

I like drinks such as tea and soda.

我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。

·知识拓展--词义辨析: such as/for example

这两个短语都可以作"例如"解。

1. for example用来举例说明某一论点或情况,一般只举同类人或物中的"一个"为例作插入语,可位于句首、

句中或句末。

What would you do if you met a wild animal - a lion, for example?

如果遇上野兽,例如狮子,你该怎么办?

2. such as用来列举事物时,一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之,as

后面不可有逗号。

I know many of them, such as John, Peter, and Tom.

我认识他们当中的很多人,例如约翰、彼得和汤姆。

come from

·原文再现

They come from many different countries and they eat different food.

它们来自许多不同的国家,吃的食物也各不相同。

·基本用法

come from 来自,出身于

He comes from a very poor family.

他出身于一个贫穷家庭。

·知识拓展--相关短语

be from 来自,与come from 同义。

I am from Shanghai and he is from Beijing.

我是上海人,他是北京人。

look

·原文再现

Look at this elephant.

看这只大象。

·基本用法

look v. 看,为不及物动词,如接宾语,需采用look at。

(过去式:looked 过去分词:looked 现在分词:looking 第三人称单数:looks)

Look, there is a monkey over there.

看,那儿有只猴子。

The children looked at their new teacher in curiosity.

孩子们好奇地望着新老师。

·知识拓展--词义辨析: look/watch/read/see

1. look为不及物动词,后面不能带宾语,常单独使用,以引起对方注意。look at是由动词look 与介词at

组成的词组,相当于及物动词,后面可以带宾语,侧重"看"的动作。

Look! That's an English car.

看!那是一辆英国的小汽车。

Look at the blackboard, please.

请看黑板。

2. see为及物动词,意思是"看见,看到",侧重"看"的结果。

How many birds can you see in the tree?

你能看到树上有多少只鸟儿?

3. watch 是及物动词,意思是"观看、注视",watch强调“专注地看”,有欣赏的意味,用来指注视移动着

的物体,如:看电视watch TV 、看球赛 watch ball games/matches、看电影watch a movie 等。

4. read指“看”时实指“阅读”。看书 read a book 看报 read a newspaper 看杂志 read a magazine

different

·原文再现

They come from many different countries and they eat different food.

他们来自很多不同的国家,吃不同的食物。

·基本用法

different adj. 不同的,有差异的

My husband has several shirts of different colors.

我丈夫有好几件颜色不同的衬衫。

·知识拓展--相关短语

be different from 与...不同

Their school is different from ours.

他们的学校与我们的不同。

other

·原文再现

They eat other animals.

它们吃其他的动物。

·基本用法

other adj. 其他的

Where are the other students?

其他的学生在哪儿?

dangerous

·原文再现

They're dangerous!

他们很危险!

·基本用法

dangerous adj. 危险的

It is dangerous to walk on thin ice in a lake.

在湖中薄冰上行走是很危险的。

·知识拓展--反义词

safe adj. 安全的

Most foods that we eat are safe for birds.

我们食用的大多数食物对鸟类都无害。

cute

·原文再现

They're cute.

他们很可爱。

·基本用法

cute adj. 可爱的

Isn't she a cute baby!

她是个多么逗人喜爱的孩子啊!

over there

·原文再现

She's the black and white animal over there. 她是那儿的那只黑白相间的动物。

·基本用法

over there 那边,在那边

My car is parked over there.

我的汽车停放在那儿了。

funny

·原文再现

That's very funny.

它们很有趣。

·基本用法

funny adj. 有趣的

I'll tell you a funny story.

我来给你讲一个有趣的故事。

·知识拓展--相关单词

fun n. 趣味,乐趣

Surfing the Internet is fun.

上网很有意思。

call

·原文再现

Is there a panda called Tony...?

有叫托尼的熊猫吗?

·基本用法

1. call v. 把...叫做,称呼为...(过去式:called 过去分词:called 现在分词:calling 第三人称单数:calls)“called"为过去分词,做后置定语,可以为:称为...的

Most people call me Bob.

大家叫我鲍勃。

There are two boys called John in my class.

我班上有两个男生叫约翰。

2. call v. 打电话

I'll call you tomorrow.

我明天给你打电话。

a little

·原文再现

It eats plants, leaves, bamboo and a little fruit, but it doesn’t eat meat.

它吃植物、树叶、竹子和少量水果。

·基本用法

little adj. 少量的,修饰不可数名词,为否定意义。

a little 意为:一点,少量的,为肯定意义。

I had little money and little free time.

我没什么钱,也没多少空闲时间。

Excuse me, I need a little sugar.

打扰一下,我需要一点儿糖。

about

·原文再现

There are only about 1,800 pandas in China and about 200 of them live in zoos.

在中国现在大约只有1800只熊猫,其中约有200只生活在动物园里。

·基本用法

1. about adv. 大约

It is about six o'clock now.

现在是六点钟左右。

2. about prep. 关于

This is a book about English.

这是一本关于英语的书。

as well as

·原文再现

The panda eats about 30 kilos of bamboo a day, as well as plants and leaves.

除植物和树叶外,熊猫一天吃大约30千克竹子。

·基本用法

as well as 意为“并且,还”,可用来连接两个相同的成分,但强调的重点在前面,不在后面,翻译时要先译

后面,再译前面。

He grows flowers as well as vegetables.

他既种菜也种花。

I'm learning French as well as English.

我学英语之外还学法语。

people

·原文再现

This black and white animal is the favourite of people all over the world.

这种黑白相间的动物是世界各地人们的最爱。

·基本用法

1. people n. 人,人们,无复数形式,people作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

How many people died in the war?

在这次战争中有多少人死亡?

the people 人民

The people are the makers of history.

人民是历史的创造者。

2. people n. 民族,此时为可数名词,其复数形式为peoples。

all over the world

·原文再现

This black and white animal is the favorite of people all over the world. 这种黑白相间的动物是全世界人们最喜欢的动物。

·基本用法

all over the world 全世界

English is spoken all over the world today.

英语现在通用于全世界。

leaf

·原文再现

It eats leaves as well as grass, but the zebra doesn't eat bamboo.

它吃草和树叶,但是斑马不吃竹子。

·基本用法

leaf n. 树叶(复数形式为:leaves)

This plant has green leaves throughout the year.

这种植物终年常青。

grass

·原文再现

It eats leaves as well as grass, but the zebra doesn't eat bamboo.

它吃草和树叶,但是斑马不吃竹子。

·基本用法

grass n. 草,草地

Father was cutting the grass, and mother was planting roses.

父亲在剪草,母亲在种玫瑰。

We play football on the grass.

我们在草地上踢足球。

large

·原文再现

It's a very large animal and usually lives alone. 它体型巨大,经常独居。

·基本用法

large adj. 大的,多数的

Shanghai is a large city.

上海是一个大城市。

·知识拓展--反义词

small adj. 小的

This coat is too small for me.

这件上衣对我来说太小了。

usually

·原文再现

It's a very large animal and usually lives alone. 它体型巨大,经常独居。

·基本用法

usually adv.通常地

I usually wake up early.

我通常醒得很早。

·知识拓展--相关单词

英语中用来表示频率的些还有:

always 一直,总是

often 经常

seldom 很少

never 从不

alone

·原文再现

It's a very large animal and usually lives alone.

它体型巨大,经常独居。

·基本用法

alone adv.独自地,一个人地

After tea I walk alone in the town.

吃过下午茶,我独自在城里漫步。

be good at

·原文再现

It likes water and is good at swimming.

它喜欢水,并擅长有用。

·基本用法

be good at 擅长

I'm not good at singing.

我不擅长唱歌。

strong

·原文再现

It's strong and catches many kinds of animals for food. 它身体强壮,抓各种动物为食。

·基本用法

strong adj. 强壮的,强烈的

I'm not strong enough to carry him.

我力气不够大,抱不动他。

·知识拓展--反义词

weak adj. 虚弱的,无力的

He was too weak even to lift his hand.

他虚弱得连手都抬不起来。

catch

·原文再现

It's strong and catches many kinds of animals for food. 它身体强壮,抓各种动物为食。

·基本用法

1. catch v.抓住,接住(过去式:caught 过去分词:caught 现在分词:catching 第三人称单数:catches)Where did you catch the fish?

你在哪儿捕到了这条鱼?

2. catch 还作“赶上”讲。

We're just in time to catch the train.

我们正好赶上了火车。

many kinds of

·原文再现

It's strong and catches many kinds of animals for food.

它身体强壮,抓各种动物为食。

·基本用法

many kinds of 许多种类的

There are many kinds of food in a supermarket.

超级市场里有很多种食品。

even

·原文再现

Monkeys eat meat, leaves, fruit and even eggs!

猴子吃肉、树叶、水果甚至鸡蛋。

·基本用法

even adv. 甚至

Even a child knows all this.

这种事连小孩都知道。

二、重点句型

Shall we go and see them?

我们去看看它们好吗?

·基本用法

此句型“Shall+we+动词原形?”意为“……好吗?;要不要……?”,主要用于征求对方的意见或提出建议,肯定

回答常用:“Yes, let’s…/OK./Good idea./Sure.”等,否定回答用“No, let’s…”等。

--Shall wen dance? 我们跳舞,好吗?

--OK, great. 好啊,太好了。

·出题建议

进入语法专练模板,选择句法下的建议句,题型可选择单选、完成句子,同时在关键词中输入:shall,就

可以找到包含该词的表建议的句子了。

Which is Lingling the panda?

哪个是熊猫玲玲?

·基本用法

疑问代词which意为“哪一个,哪一些”,一般用于提问一定选择范围内的事物。

Which do you like best, apples, pears or bananas?

你最喜欢哪一个,苹果、梨还是香蕉?

·出题建议

进入语法专练模板,选择句法下特殊疑问句中的提问非主语的结构,题型可选择单选单选、完成句子,同时

在关键词中输入:which,通过”搜索题目“精选合适的题目。

There she is!

它在那儿!

·基本用法

此句是一个倒装句,正常语序为:She is there!

在英语中,为了强调地点,通常把here或there置于句首。当主语是名词时,用全部倒装,即:Here/There+

谓语/连系动词+主语;当主语是代词时,则不用倒装,即:Here/There+主语+谓语/连系动词。这里的主语

是后面的名词或代词,因此谓语动词的形式与其后面的名词或代词保持一致。

There comes the bus!

公共汽车来了!

·出题建议

进入语法专练模板,选择句法下倒装句中的”地点方位词开头“,题型可选择单选,同时在关键词中输入:

here或there。由于倒装句是比较难的语法,因此难度可设置为1-2星。

Welcome to Beijing Zoo.

欢迎来到北京动物园。

·基本用法

welcome to+地点名词意为“欢迎来到…”。

Welcome to China!

欢迎到中国来!

It eats plants and a little fruit, but it doesn't eat meat.

它吃植物和少量水果,但是不吃肉。

·基本用法

本句为but连接的并列句,表示前后句子之间是转折关系。

I sent her an invitation but she declined.

我向她发出邀请,但她谢绝了。

Like the panda, it's black and white.

像熊猫一样,它也是黑白相间的。

·基本用法

本句中like并不表示喜欢,而是作为介词,意为:像...一样。

He looks like Father Christmas.

他长得像圣诞老人。

Kathy is a great partner, we are like sisters.

凯茜是个很好的伙伴,我们亲如姐妹。

三、重点语法

动词第三人称单数变化规则

·基本用法

一般现在时的肯定句中,主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词应采用三单形式。

动词第三人称单数的变化规则为:

1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾+s ,例如:get→gets; take→takes

2. 以s, sh, ch, x, o 结尾的动词,在词尾+ es,例如:teach→ teaches; fix→fixes; go→goes

3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的动词,变y 为,再+ es,如:study→ studies; try→tries

除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点:

1. 动词have ,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has,动词be 的第三人称单数形式是is。

2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时,要用doesn't + 动词原形,如:

He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变一般疑问句时,句首加does,同时将动词变位原形。

He goes to work every day.(变一般疑问句)→Does he go to w ork every day?

动词第三人称单数变化规则

·基本用法

一般现在时的肯定句中,主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词应采用三单形式。

动词第三人称单数的变化规则为:

1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾+s ,例如:get→gets; take→takes

2. 以s, sh, ch, x, o 结尾的动词,在词尾+ es,例如:teach→ teaches; fix→fixes; go→goes

3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的动词,变y 为,再+ es,如:study→ studies; try→tries

除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点:

1. 动词have ,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has,动词be 的第三人称单数形式是is。

2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时,要用doesn't + 动词原形,如:

He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变一般疑问句时,句首加does,同时将动词变位原形。

He goes to work every day.(变一般疑问句)→Does he go to work every day?

行为动词的一般现在时(II)

·用法

1. 在一般现在时的陈述句中,当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要使用第三人称单数形式。

动词第三人称的变化规则可参看 Unit 1, Unit 2的重点语法部分。

3. 单数第三人称行为动词一般现在时的否定形式是在行为动词前加does的否定形式doesn't。

John doesn't like English at all.

约翰一点儿也不喜欢英语。

She doesn't go shopping often.

她不经常购物。

2. 单数第三人称行为动词一般现在时的疑问形式是在句首加助动词does,后面的谓语动词用动词原形。

Does she go to school by bike every day?

她每天骑自行车上学吗?

Does your father like football?

你爸爸喜欢足球吗?

·出题建议

搜索相关题目时,进入语法专练模板,选择相关知识点,题型可选择单选、完成句子等,同时在关键词中

输入:does,(添加知识点为一般现在时的否定结构时,关键词为:doesn't),并通过“搜索题目”精细选择。

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