亲爱的同学们下面的题是给大家专项训练的，希望大家在无聊的时候做一做把感觉保持住啊！当然，我更希望大家认真，仔细思考地做哈！----------杨义
专题训练：
一，选择题
1．She must be looking forward to your return, ______?
A. mustn‘t she
B. wasn‘t she
C. isn‘t she
D. didn‘t she
2. It‘s essential that the application forms ______ back before the dead line.
A. must be sent
B. would be sent
C. be sent
D. were sent
3. Some students ______cheating to pass the exams.
A. sought out
B. applied for
C. turned up
D. resorted to
4. _______ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
A. Rather than
B. Apart from
C. Instead of
D. Owing to
5. His effort of decades began to ____. He came to be well-being for his findings.
A. Pay off
B. call off
C. put off
D. take off
6. Long _______ to harmful pollutants is most likely to lead to a decline in health.
A. contact
B. touch
C. reveal
D. exposure
7. It is common sense that metals ____ in cold weather.
A. reduce
B. contract
C. shrink
D. dissolve
8. A teacher should not show _____ for any one of his students.
A. difference
B. reference
C. conference
D. preference
9. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds ____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on
B. to base on
C. which to base on
D. on which to base
10. There is no ______ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab.
A. rigid
B. solid
C. beneficial
D. harsh
11. The traditional approach with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems."
A. to dealing
B. in dealing
C. dealing
D. to deal
12. I don't mind the decision as long as it is not too late.
A. you to delay making
B. your delaying making
C. your delaying to make
D. you delay to make
13. Can you your visit for a few days more?
A. enlarge
B. expand
C. explore
D. extend
14. I‘m very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such a(n).
A. chance
B. opportunity
C. occasion
D. situation
15. What a lovely party! It‘s worth all my life.
A. remembering
B. to remember
C. to remembered
D. being remembered
16. The meaning of the word can easily be settled if we C a good dictionary.
A. ask
B. demand
C. Consult
D. inquire
17. Wherever you go, you should your family and friends back home.
A. keep in touch with
B. keep pace with
C. Keep up with
D. keep from
18. According to the weather forecast, which is usually , it will rain this afternoon.
A. exact
B. accurate
C. perfect
D. precise
19. we have all the materials ready, we should begin the new task at once.
A. Now that
B. Since now
C. By now
D. Since that
20. It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.
A. must be sent
B. will be sent
C. are sent
D. be sent
21. which do you think is ________important, wealth or health?
A. most
B. more
C. the most
D. the more
22. She is a write, __________is known to all.
A. that
B. what
C. this
D. which
23. The whole village ________to welcome the hero.
A. turn against
B. turn back
C. turn out
D. turn over
24. This picture always __________me of those days spent here with you.
A. minds
B. recalls
C. reminds
D. think
25. The movie star __________ with you, didn‘t she?
A. was used to dance
B. used to dance
C. was used to dancing
D. used to dancing
26. I didn‘t know her telephone number, otherwise I ________her.
A. telephoned
B. had telephoned
C. was telephoning
D. would have telephoned
27. When Mr. Zhang returned home, he found the window open and something _________.
A. stolen
B. had stolen
C. be stolen
D. had been stolen
28. Professor Liu ________ here for over thirty years when he retires.
A. will teach
B. will have been taught
C. will be teaching
D. will have taught
29. So _________ that she had no time to rest.
A. busy the mother was
B. busy was the mother
C. the mother was busy
D. was the mother busy
30. It was in the park ___________ I met Mary yesterday.
A. that
B. where
C. what
D. when
31. If you want to let us feel more confortable, you‘d better__________ that next time.
A) not to do B) not did C) not doing D) not do
32. You must be careful when you‘re driving _________the narrow bridge.
A) for B) through C) in D)across
33. Mr.Brain wishes his wife __________ in america for one more month.
A) could stay B) is staying C) stays D) has stayed
34. By the time you arrive in London, the Smiths ____________ in Europe for three weeks.
A) have stayed B) have been staying C) shall stay D) will have stayed
35. they are nice boys and I‘m sure you‘ll ___________ them very well.
A) go on with B) come up with C) get on with D) catch up with
36. it is said that Mary earns a high__________ as a sales manager.
A) income B) salary C) payment D)money
37. Hardly___________when a loud explosion was heard
A) the train had started B) had the train started
C) the train started D) did the train start
38. ______________surprises me most was to see some of the villagers seated on the benches.
A) It B) That C) What D)Which
39. It is in room 315______________ the meeting will be held
A) where B) in which C) that D) when
40. Which do you think is ____________ inportant, wealth or health?
A) the most B) most C) the more D)more
二，阅读理解
Part III Reading Comprehension
Driection:This part is to test you reading ability. There are 4 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
Task 1
Direction: after reading the following passage, you will find 5 question or unfinished atatements, numbered 26 through 30. for each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A),B),C),D. you should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.
A sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amout of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout(燃料烧尽；烧坏). Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time eddjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sportsetting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be usedthrounghout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all time, that their feedback(反馈) to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents‘and coaches‘criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be caution that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should ot be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today‘s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngster s‘performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
1. An effective way to prevent the burncome of young athletes is ____________.
A) to increase their sense of success
B) to make sports less competitive
C) to make sports more challenging
D) to reduce their mental stress
2. Why is sport positive for young people according to the passage?
A) Because it can help them learn more about society.
B) Because it can provide them with valuable experiences
C) Because it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D) Because it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit criticizing young athletes________.
A) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
B) in order to make them remember life‘s lessons
C) so as to put more pressure on them
D) without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
4. Acording to the passage parents and coaches should_______________.
A) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
B) help children to win every game
C) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
D) train children to cope with stress
5. The author‘s purpose in writing the passage is _____________.
A) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
B) to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
D) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
Task 2
Directions: this task is the same as task 1, the 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 31 to 35.
The moon is our nearest natural neighbor in space. It is also the earth‘s only natural satellite, for the wo rd ―satellite‖means ―companion‖or ―follower‖. As the earth journeys thousands of millions of years and will probably continue to do so for many thousands of millions of years to come. It is therefore already a very old moon, although every time it visits our skies it seems to grow and die within a month.
We are surprised when an artificial earth-satellite, a few feet across, is sent up a few hundred miles and made to go around the earth. But this is really a small thing compared with what nature has done. Nature‘s earth-satellite, which we call the moon, is 2160miles cross. Its average distance is 238900 miles, but since its path is slightly oval(椭圆形) this can increase to 252700 miles and decrease to 221500 miles form the earth.
6. which of the following statement is NOT true?
A) like the moon, all the artificial earth-satellites revolve round the earth.
B) our neighbor in space includes the moon
C) the moon is one of earth-satellite sent to the space
D) the moon‘s distance from the earth varies accordingly.
7. The moon is considered very old because____________.
A) it has been traveling round the earth for many years
B) it is quite distant from the earth
C) it seems to grow and die within a month
D) new satellites have come into existence
8. The main reason for the moon‘s varied distance form the earth is ___________.
A) its old age
B) its path shape
C) the changeable weather
D) the transportation difficulties
9. what does the word ―artificial‖ in paragraph 2 mean?
A) False
B) Man-made
C) Not natural
D) Wrong
10. The best title for the passage could be ____________________.
A) Artificial Earth-Satellite
B) Nature History
C) Nature‘s Earth-Satellite
D) The Age of the Moon
Task 3
Direction: the following is a resume. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.36 to No.40) that follow. You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding answer sheet.
Resume
Name: Yi Ran
Address: No.3 Zhongshan Road, Chongqing
Tel: (023)67654321
Born: April 19,1983
Birth Place: Chongqing
Marital Status: Single
Sex: Female
Job Objective: To apply experience and education to position in personnel administration in a Sino-American Joint Venture.
Experience: From July 2005 to present Personnel Manager, LH Electric Appliance Group Company. Responsibilities Include Conducting salary surveys，establishing salary
ranges and progression rates for each level, marking job evaluation plans,
questionnaires, application froms, etc., recruiting new employees, formulating and
revising training programs, initiating and inplementing programs to inprove and
utilize potential of staff members.
Education: From September 2001 to July 2005, majored in Personnel Administration at Beijing University.
Special Skills: Fluent English (reading/writing/speaking)
Experienced in operation of IBM-PC(0520) microcomputer.
Reference: Upon request
11 where did Yi Ran born
___________________________________________________________________
12. where would she like to work?
_____________________________________________________________________
13. what position is she in LH Electric Appliance Group Company?
___________________ __________________________________________________
14. how many responsibilities her present work includes at least?
_____________________________________________________________________
15. what was she doing during 2001 to 2005?
__________________ at Beijing University.
Part III
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 26 through 30. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. you should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the center.
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an am muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Mary child psychologists(心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children. Such as ―that was a very clever thing you did‖ or ―you are such a smart child.‖
16. Albert Einstein mentioned in the first paragraph is a _________
A. worker
B. president
C. genius
D. fool
17. Compared with the words ―intelligent‖ and ―brilliant‖ in the first paragraph, the word ―dull‖ in the second paragraph means _________
A. pretty and handsome
B. common
C. clever and bright
D. slow in thinking and understanding
18. What should parents do in order to make their children bright?
A. Stay with their children to play.
B. Don‘t leave their children alone
C. Praise their children alone
D. All of above
19. A person _______is more likely to become a genius.
A. whose parents are clever
B. born with a good brain and putting it into active use
C. often helped by his parents and teachers
D. often thinking about difficult problems
20. which of the following is not clear according to the passage?
A. intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live
B. Parents‘ efforts play an important for young children
C. Mental exercise is particularly important for young children.
D. The less you use your mind, the duller you may become.
Task 2
Directions: this task is the same as task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered
31 to 35.
Bank account is one way of keeping your money safe. Many people hide their money at home, but they run the risk of losing it in a fire. The safest place to keep money is in a bank, either in a checking or in a savings account. You can certainly use the money in their account at any time, but there is often a service charge. There are some restrictions on taking out money from savings account at any time. However, you can collect interest (on the money) that you are not using.
Opening a bank account is not difficult in the United States. Many banks like to get more customers. But you should make sure that you have chosen a right one that has a low service charge and a good interest rate. If you want to travel to another part of the United States, you can buy traveler‘s checks. It is a good way to protect your money. You can buy them at most banks, and it is easy to use. Every shop accepts the checks. If they are lost, the traveler‘s check company will pay bake your money. In this way you won‘t really lost any of your money.
21. You‘d better keep your money __________ for the purpose of safety.
A. in a bank
B. at home
C. in a safe place
D. in a place without fire
22. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. you can use the money kept in a bank whenever you want.
B. you should give an extra money to the bank for its service
C. you can get interest if you keep your money in a bank
D. you can take out money from a bank without restrictions
23. the expression ―service charge‖ most probably means: ________
A. price asked for opening an account
B. payment
C. restrictions for service
D. money paid to the bank for service
24. you would like to deposit (储蓄) your money in the bank _________
A. that offers high interest
B. that charges less fee than others
C. where you can get high interest and pay less for its service
D. where you can buy traveler‘s checks
25 If you are going to travel, you should buy traveler‘s checks, for___________
A. it is easy to get at most banks
B. it is a good way to keep your money safe
C. every shop prefers to accepts the checks
D. it is impossible for you to lose it
Task 3
Directions: After reading the following passage, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No. 36 to No. 40) that follow. You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet
Columbia university president lee C. Bollinger has announced the appointment of Michele M. Moody-Adams as the new dean of Columbia College, the first black and also the first woman to serve the post.
According to a report available on the university‘s website Saturday, Moody-Adams comes to Columbia from Cornell University, where, since 2000, she has been the Hutchinson professor and director of the Program on Ethics and Public Life, and has served for the past four years as Cornell‘s vice provost (主监督) for undergraduate education.
Moody-Adams succeeds retiring Columbia College Dean Austin E. Quigley. Her appointment begins July 1.
―professor Moody-Adams‘extraordinary‖commitment to teaching, scholarship and public service, as well as her hands-on experience as an academic administrator for undergraduate education, make her uniquely well suited to this new challenge,‖Bollinger was cited(引用) as saying.
According to report, Moody-Adams is an accomplished scholar and academic administrator who has taught at Cornell, Indiana University, the University of Rochester and Wellesley College. She has produced an extensive body of work in moral philosophy. Her 1997 book, Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, culture, and philosophy, has been widely praised as ―a major contribution to moral philosophy.‖
She has written and lectured extensively throughout the United States and abroad on a wide range of timely public issues. As an administrator, she has been responsible for ensuring the integrity and coherence (连贯性) of undergraduate curriculum and instruction at Cornell and overseeing (监督) a number of academic and residential actions. Before that, she was a professor and associate dean for undergraduate education in the college of Arts and Sciences at Indiana University, Bloomington.
26. what did President Bollinger declare?
He declared that Michele M. Moody-Adams was appoint as _________of Columbia College.
27. How long has Moody-Adams worked as Cornell‘s vice provost for undergraduate education?
__________________________________________
28. How does Bollinger think of Moody-Adams?
She is able to fit to ____ ________________________
29. What has the book Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, culture, and philosophy been
praised as?
It has been widely praised as a major contribution to _________________________________ 30. What has she written and lectured widely?
______________ ______________________________.
Task 4
Directions: The following is a letter is a letter. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 41 through 45 in the table below. You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.
June 15, 2008
Dear Ms Smith,
We acknowledge receipt of both your offer of June 5 and the samples of Women‘s Shirts, and thank you for these.
While appreciating the good quality of your shirts, we find your price is rather too high for the market we wish to supply.
We have also to point that the Woman‘s Shirts are available in our market from several European manufacturers. All of them are at prices from 10% to 15% below yours.
Such being the case, we have to ask you to consider if you can make reduction in your price, say 10%. As our order would be worth around $520000, you may think it worthwhile to make a concession.
We wait with keen interest your immediate reply.
Your faithfully,
Edward Brown
Sales Manager
Some information of the letter
Mr. Brown is 31________________________.
Although the quality of the shirts is good, the writer thinks the price is 32 ___ ____for the market. Other producers‘ offers are from 33____________________below Ms Smith‘s
Mr. Brown asked the offering side to 34____ ____________________________
Mr. Brown advised Ms. Smith to make a concession because his ____35_______________ is relatively huge.
Part III Reading Comprehension
Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are some 4 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
Task 1
Directions: There is one passage in this task. After reading the passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements numbered 26 through 30. For each question or statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should make the corrected choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
The better defined your hiring process is, the more easily, it will be adhered to. I suggest that you use a multi-stage interviewing process by which the candidate meets with multiple people to provide different opinions and input on the hiring-decision. Again, keep all notes taken during the interview. These notes should be factual and should detail observations made by the people conducting the interview as well as quotations of the candidate’s responses to questions．There should be no inferences made about a candidate in any notes，and no notes should be taken on a resume（简历）．
Pre-determine three to six questions that will help you uncover the capability of each applicant and ask those same questions to each person that is interviewed．These initial questions will serve as a departure point to base other follow-up questions on. By using the same question in different ways and you will also be able to draw close comparisons between each candidate’s responses，which will help you determine the best match for the position.
Developing that interviewing process a little further, time limits should be set on responses to candidates．Today’s job market changes so rapidly that waiting more than 72 hours to inform a
candidate how he or she did in an interview is an eternity（永远）. Many candidates have multiple interviews within one or two days and plan to take the first job offered that meets their salary and benefits demands. Hired or not, as a candidate, it is much easier to keep a positive frame of mind about a company that is responsive, shows an interest in your success as an individual, and provides feedback （反馈）about an interview within one or two days. Waiting to make a decision about candidates is how other companies manage to hire the ―perfect fit‖ right out fro m under you!
36. As for an interview, the author suggests that .
A. there should be more than one interviewer in the interviewing process
B. only the applicants‘ responses to questions should be noted and recorded.
C. interviewers shou ld make some notes on the margins of the candidates‘ resumes
D. interviewers should ask whatever questions that may help decide the perfect fit
37. The passage is mainly about .
A. how to pre-determine questions in an interview
B. how to respond to candidates after an interview
C. how to arrange the interviewing process properly
D. how to decide the best match during an interview
38. By "waiting more than 72 hours to inform a candidate how he or she did in an interview is an eternity" in Line 2 of Paragraph 3, the author means .
A. it‘s boring for a candidate to wait more than 72 hours to know the result of an interview
B. it‘s too long to keep a candidate waiting over 72 hours to know the result of the interview
C. it's necessary for a candidate to wait 72 more hours because it takes time to make decisions
D. it's outdated to inform the candidates the result of the interview after more than 72 hours
39. According to the passage, tine limits should be set on responses to candidates mainly because .
A. today‘s job market changes very rapidly
B. candidates usually attend many interviews
C. it helps interviewers gain the initiative to hire the perfect match
D. candidates finds it boring to wait a 'long time to know the result
40．"The phrase "departure point'，in Line 3 of Paragraph 2 refers to .
A. the conclusion point
B. the starting point
C. the leaving point
D. the Central point‘
Task 2
Directions: This task is the same as Task 1．The 5 questions or unfinished statements are Numbered 31 through 35.You should make the corrected choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels at home, across the country, and -even abroad; and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered-locations, whether or not the local branch bank is .open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the `horizon--it's already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many, advantages for
sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold: and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours ate busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by .manufacturers for similar `reasons: Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, -which to develop for the future and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process: itself. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better end more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
41. According: to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to .
A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes.
B. obtain more convenient services than other people do.
C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper.
D. cash money wherever he wishes to.
42. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that .
A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards.
B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today.
C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash.
D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before.
43. The phrase "ring up sales" most probably means .
A. make an order of goods.
B. record sales on a cash register.
C. call the sales manager.
D. keep track of the goods in stock.
44. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
B. Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
C. Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
D . Advantage of credit cards in business．
45. It can be inferred that .
A. computers will bring disaster.
B. computer industry will not develop faster.
C. computers will bring about more convenience to people's 1ife;．
D. computers will replace human beings in the future．
Task 3
Directions: Read the. following passage．After reading it; you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No. 36 to No. 40). The answers should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.
Although. credit cards are becoming more .acceptable part of the financial scene, they are still regarded with suspicion by many as being a major part of the ―live now pay later" syndrome. Along With hire; purchase, rental and leasing schemes, they provide encouragement to spend more money. Of course, it is only the foolhardy who succumb to the temptation to live,
temporarily at least; beyond their means, and such people would not doubt manage to do so even without credit cards. Advertising campaigns have, however, promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small pieces of plastic. They obviate the need to carry large amounts of cash and are always useful in emergencies. All the credit card organizations charge interest on a monthly basis which may work out as high as 25 percent a year, yet judicious purchasing using a card can mean that you obtain up to seven weeks interest free credit. Using the card abroad where items frequently take a long time to be included on your account can extend the period even further.
It is worthwhile shopping around before deciding on particular credit card. It‘s necessary to consider the amount of credit granted interest rates which may vary slightly the number and range of outlets though most cards cover major garages, hotels, restaurants and departments stores and of course what happens if your card is lost or stolen. A credit card thief may be sitting on a potential gold mine particularly if there is delay in reporting the loss of the card. However, if used wisely, a credit card can cost nothing or at least help to tide you over a period of financial difficulty.
46 Many people suspect that credit cards lure people to .
47. The author seems to believe that even in the absence of credit cards, some people would undoubtedly .
48. In Para. 2, in addition to the advantages of no need to carry cash and being useful in emergency, what else is said to be the advantage of credit cards?.
49. What’s the main idea of Para 3？
50. The author holds a attitude towards credit cards.
Task 4
Directions：Read the following passage and complete the outline below it (No．41
through No. 45).You should write your answers briefly on the answer sheet correspondingly.
During the holiday break, I finally got around to a promise I made to my mom and dad—to remotely access their PC—to help troubleshoot problems or questions they have about their Dell laptop.
A while ago, I download GoToMyPC on my, computer, which allows you to access your computer from any other computer. The other day, my mom logged into my account, which brought her to a "My Computers" page of a three-PC account. She clicked on "enable this computer," to install the GoToMyPC software. Within minutes, I saw her computer listed on the" My Computers" page; clicked on it, and her computer home page popped up in a. window on my screen.
They're in Florida, I‘m in New Jersery, but I could easily replace a toolbar that disappeared from their screen and desktop icons my mom wished she hadn‘t cleared away. I also like that I'll be .able to do some basic maintenance on their computer from my home hundreds of miles away. And if my mom has questions, we can be looking at her computer together while on the phone.
GoToMyPC costs $20 a month for one computer, or $179.40 a year. Two PCs cost $30 a month or $279.40. For each additional PC, it‘s $15 a month or $135 a year. But reader and Chris Null have also recommended a free application, Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop; which is part of Windows XP Professional and Media Center.
You need to manually type in the IP address of the host computer. Here‘s the Microsoft instructions page if you want to check out this option. Other reader suggested another free app, LogMeIn, which gets good reviews for providing remote access and file sharing between computers．If you‘ve used either free remote access option, let us know how it's worked out．Technology Review The first device reviewed: 51
Functions of the first device:
a)enables one to 52 of another PC remotely;
b)allows one to access one‘s computer from elsewhere;
c)enables basic maintenance from a distance. Cost of the first decide to be installed in 3 PCs:
53
Difference between the other two devices recommended and the first one:
They‘r e 54 or not
Reviews are still needed from reader about 55 and file sharing
Part III Reading Comprehension
―Time is a problem for kids,‖ states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries ―learn time slowly‖ because ―they don‘t wear watches‖ and ―parents don‘t really know how to teach them time‖ The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults –and then can‘t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? Of course ---it‘s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.
The Filk Flak is being marketed as something teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach kids how to tell time, of course; it merely‖ captures their imagination‖by presenting the ―hour‖ hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the ―minute‖ hand as a tall blue boy named Filk points to corresponding ―blue‖ minutes on the dial, while flak points to red hour numbers. The characters and the colors combined with parental help are supposed to teach young children how to tell time.
The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band. Peter Liplin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it ―kid-proof‖: if it gets dirty, you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine. The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the U.S. for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing for kids to tell time; it‘s quite another for them to be on time.
56. From the news report we know that _______
A. parents are patient when teaching children time
B. children have little idea of how to teach children time
C. children tend to learn time quickly
D. children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch
57. The author doesn‘t seem to believe _____
A. children will be time if they have learnt how to tell time
B. a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell time
C. the Flik Flak can capture children‘s imagination
D. children usually have trouble telling time if they don‘t wear watches.
58. The word ―handicap‖ (Para. 1, line3) means______
A. displease
B. discouragement
C. disappointment
D. disadvantage
59. Flik and Flak in the passage stand for _______
A. a tall boy and a beautiful girl
B. the minute hand the hour hand
C. the Swiss watch company
D. the designers of the watch
60. The Unite States sales manager calls the new watch ―kidproof‖ because _____
A. it is designed to teach children to be on time
B. it proves to be effective in teaching children time
C. it is made so as not to be easily damaged by children
D. it is the children‘s favorite watch
Task 2
Oceanography has been defined as ―The application of all science to the study of the sea‖.
Before the 19th century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Centainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.
For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental teavelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question ―What is at the bottom of the ocean?‖ had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engines had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantis Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which sounding were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantis and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book.
The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.
61. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanography studies take on _______
A) an academic aspect B) a military aspect
C) a business aspect D) an international aspect
62. It was____ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies
A) the American navy B) some early international travelers
C) those who earned a living from the sea D) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable
63. The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was______
A) to make some sounding experiments in the oceans
B) to collect samples of sea plants and animals
C) to estimate the length of cable that was needed
D) to measure the depths of two oceans
64. ―Defied‖ in Para.5, line3 probably means‖________‖
A) doubled B) gave proof to C) challenged D) agreed to
65. This passage is mainly about _______
A) the beginning of oceanography B) the laying of the first undersea cable
C) the investigation of ocean depths D) the early intercontinental communications
Task 3
A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. The main objection to vegetarianism on a long term basis is the difficulty to getting enough protein ---the body – building elements in food. If you have ever been without meat or other animal foods for some days or weeks(say, for religious reasons) you will have noticed that you tend to get physically rather weak. You are glad when the fast is over and you get your reward of an abundant meat meal.
Proteins are built up from approximately twenty food elements called ―amino-acids‖(氨基酸), which are found more abundantly in animal protein than in vegetable protein. This means you have to eat a great deal more vegetable than animal food in order to get enough of these amino—acids. A great deal of the vegetable food goes to waste in this process and from the physiological point of view there is not much to be said in favor of life-long vegetarianism.
The economic side of the question, though, must be considered. Vegetable food is much cheaper than animal food. However, since only a small proportion of the vegetable protein is useful for body-building purpose, a consistent vegetarian, if he is to gain the necessary 70 grams of protein a day, has to consume a greater bulk of food than his digestive organs can comfortably deal with. In fairness, though, it must be point out that vegetarians claim they need far less than 70 grams of protein a day.
66. Why is the long-term vegetarianism objected to according to the passage?
__________________________________________________
67.The author‘s opinion of life- long vegetarianism is ________________
68. According to the passage, we feel weak when we ____________________
69. What is in favor of vegetarianism according to Para.3
_____________________________________________________________
70. The expression ―In fairness‖ in the last paragraph can be replaced by the expression.
___________________________________________________________________
Task 4
Let‘s look over the last year from three aspects: finance, personnel and technology.
On the financial side, the results have been very pleasing. Turnover has increased by 10%, costs have dropped by 2% and profits are by 13%. So the company as a whole has performed well. Export sales have done very well –especially in America, our largest export market. The domestic consumer market has been very competitive, so our results in this market have been rather disappointing ---just 1% up compared with last year‘s 35% market share.
Right, let‘s move on to personnel. Our personnel has continued to be a great success. We
have actually recruited 56new staff, while 18 have retired—so there‘s a net balance of 38. The training department has expanded considerably and moved into new areas such as quality assurance and moved into new areas such as quality assurance and sales training.
Finally technology, over the last year, our Research Department has thoroughly tested new prototype engine. Results so far have looked promising. We have also invested heavily in a European technology program which links industry with the universities.
A Review of Last Year‘s Business
Financial side: _____71______and dropping costs lead to 13%profits; domestic market share this year is _72____percent.
Personnel: 56 staff are ____73___; the ___74______has branched into new areas. Technology: Large investment has been made in a ___75_________
三翻译
Part IV Translation from English into Chinese
1 The true value of life is not what we get from society but in what we give it.
A) 人生的真谛不是我们从社会得到的东西，而是我们给社会带来利益。
B) 人生的真谛不仅仅在于从社会中获得利益，还要积极地为社会做出的贡献。
C) 生命的真正价值在于我们为社会贡献了什么，而不是我们从社会取得了什么。
D) 生命的真正价值不仅要看就我们给社会带来的利益，而且要看我们是否得到社会的承认。
2.Unless the problem of talents and funds is solved, talking about the task is useless.
A) 除非人才和资金问题达到解决，否则谈论工作是不行的。
B) 不解决人才和资金问题，讨论这项任务是无济于事的。
C) 如果不谈才能和投资方面的问题，只谈工作是不应该的。
D) 不但要解决才能和发现方面的问题，任务也是不得不谈的。
3. Sweden‘s cold, dark winters that stretch from October to March with only a few hours of daylight also meant people stayed indoors for long periods.
A) 瑞典既寒冷又阴暗的冬天从十月一直延续到三月，仅有几个小时的阳光，人们都呆在屋里度过漫长的冬天。
B) 因为瑞典的寒冷阴暗，在冬天白天只有几个小时，所以人们要在屋子里呆很长一段时间，从十月到三月。
C) 瑞典寒冷漆黑的冬天从十月延续到三月，只有几个小时的阳光领许多人打算长时间留在屋子里
D) 瑞典从十月到三月一天仅有几个小时的白天，寒冷黑暗的冬天也意味着人们长时间呆在家里。
4. Where comparative advantage exists, two trading partners are both able to share in the gains from the trade.
A) 竞争存在的好处是：贸易双方可以同时分享贸易所得。
B) 选择合作地点的关键是：两个贸易伙伴能否获得交易的成果。
C) 只要有比较优势存在，两个贸易伙伴都能从贸易只分享利益。
D) 若果有竞争机制存在，贸易双方就能从中获得利润。
5. It is accepted that tourism is now the single largest economic activity in the European community, with potential for further growth. It currently accounts for 8 percent of the Community‘s gross domestic product, and 8percent of all foreign trade; in employment terms it
provides 10 million jobs directly, and when indirect effects are taken into account the total rises to 18 million.
Part IV Translation from English into Chinese
6．Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful bargains.
A．有些人愿意周日逛街，因为他们觉得这样能够检到大便宜。
B. 有些人宁愿星期天到大商场去，因为他们期望学会讨价还价。
C．有些人自从挑到了一些物美价廉的东西之后，就喜欢星期天购物。
D．有些人喜欢星期天购物，因为他们期望挑到一些物关价廉的东西。
7·Being a pop star can be quite a hard life; with a lot of traveling, owing to heavy schedules.
A. 明星的生活都是很辛苦的，虽然收入很多，但是来自四面林方的压力也是很大的。B．作为一个明星的生活可能相当辛苦；经常在繁忙的到处奔波。
C. 当一个明星，生活是很辛苦的；由于繁忙的日程安排，必须经常到处奔波。
D. 一般人想当明星是很困难的，你必须学会在很大的舆论压力下生活。
8.He is optimistic about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics this year.
A. 他对自己今年在奥运会上赢得金牌持乐观态度。
B．他对自己今年在奥运会上赢得金牌有十分把握。
C. 他不十分肯定自已今年在奥运会上能赢得金牌。
D. 他对自已今年能否参加奥运会还没有把握，更别说赢得金牌了。
9. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, whose overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women．
A. 啤酒是最受欢迎的男性饮料，女性的总消费量远远不如男性。
B．啤酒是最受男性欢迎的饮料，他们的总消费量远远高于女性。
C．啤酒的总消费量在所有饮料中是最高的，因为男性消费能力远远超过女性。
D．啤酒是男女生都非常欢迎的饮料，消费量远远超过其他所有饮料的总和。10．Shrinking landfill space，and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas，the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option.
Part IV Translation-English into Chinese
Direction: this part, numbered 46 to 50, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of four sentences (No. 46 to No 49) is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A, B, C, D. Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Write your translation of the paragraph (No.50) in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. 11. The problem has become increasingly urgent to be solved that what is the proper balance between the culture heritage and the globalization.
A. 有关本国文化遗产与全球化之间达成合理平衡的问题，已变得更加迫切需要解决。B．如何在保护本国文化遗产与全球化之间取得合理的平衡，这个问题变得越来越亟待解决。C．问题已变得越来越多，也越来越急于解决，例如什么是文化遗产和全球化之间的平衡问题。
D．这个问题已变得越来越需要急于解决，即什么是文化遗产和全球化之间的平衡问题。
12. If he is allowed to sleep even five more minutes, his memory of the dream will have faded.
A.如果允许他再睡甚至5分钟，他将不再记得那个梦。
B. 如果他被允许再睡甚至5分钟，他的记忆就会消失。
C. 如果他允许别人再睡5分钟，他的梦的记忆将会消失。
D. 如果他不能被允许再睡5分钟，他将不再记得那个梦。
13. Not until late 1990s did people in our country begin to know something about Internet
A. 我国人民在19世纪90年代才知道英特网
B. 我国人民并非在20世纪90年代末才对英特网有所了解。
C. 直到20世纪90年代末我国人民对英特网仍然了解不多。
D. 直到20世纪90年代末我国人民才开始对英特网有一些了解。
14. She had thought it was going to be all right. But it was as if the heat had drained their love.
A. 她想事情会发展得很顺利，但这仿佛就像热滋润了他们的爱情。
B. 她想事情会发展得很顺利，但是它就像热量早就耗尽了他们的爱情。
C. 她原以为一切都会好的，但是事情就像酷热已经把他们的爱抽干了一样。
D. 她原以为一切都会好的，但是好像那种酷热将会将他们的爱情凝固一样。
15. One of the most interesting new uses for glass is in telephone communication. Scientists have developed glass fiber as thin as human hair which is designed to carry light signals. When the light reaches the other end, it is first changed into electrical signals, which are in turn converted into sound messages.
Part IV Translation-English to Chinese
16 To understand intercultural communication, we seek to understand the difference between trading andmodernization.
A) 要了解跨文化交际，我们大力搜集传统和现代的资料
B) 要了解跨文化交际，我们力图探索传统和现代的差异。
C) 要了解文化之间的联系，我们需要了解传统和现代的不同。
D) 正因为要了解跨文化交际，我们才得以理解传统与文化的不一样。
17. They wouldn‘t be feeling so tired if they hadn‘t been walking for a whole day.
A) 他们走了一天的路，一点也不疲倦。
B) 如果他们没有走一天的路，就一点不会疲倦
C) 要不是走了一天的路，他们现在不会这样疲倦
D) 他们要不是一天都在走路的话，就感觉不到疲倦
18. Not having been discovered, many laws of nature actually exist in nature.
A) 存在于大自然中的很多法律还没有被科学界发明出来。
B) 存在于自然界中的规律实际上存在于自然界中，尽管不能被发现。
C) 虽然许多自然界的规律尚未发现，但他们确实存在于自然界中
D)尽管很多自然界的规律没有被找出来，但是这些规律实际上存在于自然界中
19. sometimes the words just come out wrong, but I do hope you understand that I really mean no harm.
A) 有时我会说错话，但我真的希望你能理解我不是那意思。
B) 有时有些话就是会说错，但我真的希望你理解我并没有恶意。
C) 有时会说错一些单词，但我希望你能明白我不是故意说错的。
D) 有时就是会说错话，但是我希望你能了解我真的没有伤害之意。
20. The word Expo(博览会) is a large-scale, global, non-commercial expo. It aims to promote the exchange of ideas and development of the world‘s economy, culture, science and technology, to allow exhhibitors to publicize and display their achievements and improve international
relationships.
四完形填空和改错（英语专业）
Task 1 Close
Directions: there are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A，B, C, D. You should choose the best answer to complete the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Low levels of literacy (读写能力) and numeracy(计算能力)have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adult life. Tests and interviews with hundreds of people born in a single week in 1958 illustrated the handicap of educational underachievement. The ____1____were seen in underemployment, family breakdown, low incomes, depression and social inactivity
Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for up to four years less than good readers by the time they ___2___37.professor John Bynner, of City University, said that today‘s unqualified teenagers would ___3___even greater problems because the supply of manual jobs had dried up.
Almost one in five of the 1700 people interviewed had poor literacy skills and almost half struggled with numeracy, a proportion _____4____ other surveys for the Basic skills Agency. Some could not read aloud from a child‘s book, and most found ___5___in following written instructions.
Poor readers were twice ___6__likely to be on a low wage and four times as likely to live in a household where____7___ partner worked. Woman in this position were five times as likely to be classified as depressed, ____8___ both sexes tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to be less trusting of others.
Those with low literacy and numeracy skills were ____9___involved in any community organization and much less likely than others to have voted in a general election. There had been no ____10___ in the level of interviewees reporting problems since the sample was surveyed at the age of 21.
1. A. cases B. causes C. effects D. reasons
2. A. g ot B. arrived C. acquired D. reached
3. A. f ace B. solve C. resolve D. acknowledge
4. A. d ue to B. contrary to C. by means of D. in line with
5. A. i nterest B. difficult C. satisfaction D. willingness
6. A. a s B. even C. much D. more than
7. A no . B. all C. both D. neither
8. A. a s B. if C. seldom D. exceptionally
9. A. o f B. with C. for D. to
10. A. idea B. reward C. adjustment D. improvement
Task 2 error correction
Directions: This section consists of a short passage. In this passage there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You are required to find the mistakes in it and correct them. Mark them and write your answers on the Answer
sheet.
Halloween history is one of religious tradition, sacrifices and 11._______ folklore. While it seems strange to understand the motivation of
these ancient actions, it is good to knowing the roots of our current 12.______ practices of Halloween.
The history of Halloween, like any other festivals‘ history is
inspired through traditions that have transpired through ages from
one generation into the next, and as this process goes on, much of 13.______
their original meaning and roots are distorted by newer additions
and alterations. It happens so gradual, spanning so many years, 14._________
that we don‘t even notice the drastic change from traditional
practices to today‘s way of celebration. Digging into its history
help sieve the facts from the fiction which we, more often than not, 15._______
didn‘t even know existed. Yet, doubts still run deep, especially
when today‘s reality is so vastly from traditions that were initially 16.________ deeply rooted beliefs of our ancestors.
The history of Halloween comes from Celtic and Christian
cultures, and for those what are interested in peering through the 17.________ superficial hues to understand the core of present day Halloween
practices, the wearing of costumes says to help people ―blend in‖ 18.________
with the wandering souls who roam the earth on Halloween night.
Frightening fantasies and scary stories featuring ghosts,
witches, demons, and animal sacrifices… How does this
compare with innocent children we watch smiling when going 19._________ through their candy stash at the end of a ―trick-or- treating‖
adventure? Modern day Halloween practices encompass some of
the reality with the age-old customs; I guess we can say that 20.________ celebrating Halloween is commercialism draped in a veil of
mysticism.
Zhang Yi
Task 1 Close
Directions: there are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A，B, C, D. You should choose the best answer to complete the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
This week Gordon Brown will _____1_____to re-cast relations with America around an emphasis on the values and policy agenda he shares ____2_____ President Obama, rather than on the military alliance that has characterized the transatlantic partnership in recent years.
The Prime Minister arrives in Washington tonight for talks with Mr Obama on what he called yesterday a ―global grand bargain‖for ______3_____ the world out of recession, as well as making a speech to both Houses of Congress on Wednesday.
专题19《中点模型》破解策略 1．倍长中线 在△ABC中．M为BC边的中点． M E C B A E M C A B D 图1 图2 （1）如图1，连结AM并延长至点F，使得ME＝AM．连结CE．则△ABM≌△ECM． （2）如图2，点D在AB边上，连结DM并延长至点E．使得MF＝DM．连结CE，则△BDM ≌△CEM， 遇到线段的中点问题，常借助倍长中线的方法还原中心对称图形，利用“8”字形全等将题中条件集中，达到解题的目的，这种方法是最常用的也是最重要的方法． 2．构造中位线 在△ABC中．D为AB边的中点， A B D E C C F A B D 图1 图2 （1）如图1，取AC边的中点E，连结DE．则DE∥BC，且DF＝1 2 B C． （2）如图2．延长BC至点F．使得CF＝B C．连结CD，AF．则DC∥AF，且DC＝1 2 AE．
三角形的中位线从位置关系和数量关系两方面将将图形中分散的线段关系集中起来．通常需要再找一个中点来构造中位线，或者倍长某线段构造中位线， 3．等腰三角形“三线合一” 如图，在△ABC中，若AB＝A C．通常取底边BC的中点D．则AD⊥BC，且AD平分∠BA C．事实上，在△ABC中：①AB＝AC；②AD平分∠BAC；③BD＝CD，④AD⊥B C． 对于以上四条语句，任意选择两个作为条件，就可以推出另两条结论，即“知二得二”．A B D C 4.直角三角形斜边中线 如图，在△ABC看，∠ABC＝900，取AC的中点D，连结BD，则有BD＝AD＝CD＝ 1 2 AC． 反过来，在△ABC中，点D在AC边上，若BD＝AD＝CD＝ 1 2 AC，则有∠ABC＝900 例题讲解 例1 如图，在四边形ABCD中，E、F分别是AB、CD的中点，过点E作AB的垂线，过点F 作CD的垂线，两垂线交于点G，连结AG、BG、CG且∠AGD＝∠BGC，若AD、BC所在直线互相垂直，求 AD EF 的值 解由题意可得△AGB和△DGC为共顶点等顶角的两个等腰三角形， 所以△AGD≌△BGC，△AGD∽△EGF． 方法一：如图1，连结CE并延长到H，使EH＝EC，连EH、AH，则 AH∥BC，AH＝BC，而AD＝BC，AD⊥BC 所以AD＝AH，AD⊥AH，连结DH，则△ADH为等腰直角三角形，又因为E、F分别为CH、CD
专题强化训练5 文言文阅读专练（一） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、（2017·郑州第一次质检）阅读下面的文言文，完成1～4题。 陈良翰字邦彦，台州临海人。蚤孤，事母孝。资庄重，为文恢博有气。中绍兴五年进士第。知温州瑞安县。俗号强梗，吏治尚严。良翰独抚以宽，催租不下文符，但揭示名物，民竞乐输。听讼咸得其情。或问何术，良翰曰：“无术，第公此心如虚堂悬镜耳。”殿中侍御史吴芾荐为检法官，迁监察御使。孝宗初元．．，金．主褒新立，求和，而中原．． 旧人多求归。诏问何以处此，良翰言：“议和，复纳降，皆非是。必定计自治，而和不和，任之乃可。”张浚军淮泗以规进取而议者争献防江策良翰言当固藩篱专委任今舍淮防江却地夺便朝廷过听使督府不得专阃外事误矣金再移书求故疆，良翰言：“中原皆吾故土，况唐、邓、海、泗①又金渝盟后以兵取之，安得以故疆为言而归之？”朝廷遣史正志至建康，与张浚议事乖牾，良翰劾之，上曰：“正志亦无罪。”良翰言：“陛下使浚守淮，则任浚为重，一郎官为轻，且正志居中，浚必为去就。”上悟，出正志为福建漕运。杨存中为御营使，总殿前军，良翰言：“存中久擅兵柄，太．上皇．． 罢就第，奈何复假使名？宜慎履霜之戒②。”疏三上，存中竟罢。良翰在谏省，成恭皇后受册，官内外亲属二十五人，良翰论其冗，诏减七人。进给事中。改礼部侍郎，不拜。召为太子詹事，既见，上属以调护之责。一日，召对选德殿，出手书唐太宗与魏征论仁德功利之说，俾极陈今日所未至者。良翰退，上疏。上为之嘉叹，诏兼侍讲。未几，以疾告老。卒，年六十五。光宗立，特谥献肃。 （选自《宋史·陈良翰传》，有删改） 【注】①唐、邓、海、泗：指当时的唐州、邓州、海州、泗州。②履霜之戒：指走在霜上知道结冰的时候快要到来。比喻看到眼前的迹象而对未来提高警惕。 1．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（ ） A ．张浚军淮泗以规进取/而议者争献防江策/良翰言/当固藩篱/专委任/今舍淮防江/却地夺便/朝廷过听/使督府不得专阃外事/误矣/ B ．张浚军淮泗以规进取/而议者争献防江策/良翰言/当固藩篱/专委任/今舍淮防江/却地夺便/朝廷过听/使督府不得专阃外事误矣/ C ．张浚军淮泗以规进取/而议者争/献防江策/良翰言当固藩篱/专委任/今舍淮防江却地夺便/朝廷过听/使督府不得专阃外事/误矣/ D ．张浚军淮泗以规进取/而议者争/献防江策/良翰言/当固藩篱/专委任/今舍淮防江/却地夺便/朝廷过
专题跟踪训练(七) 一、选择题 1．(2018·河北衡水中学、河南郑州一中联考)已知全集U ＝{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}，集合A ＝{3,4,5}，B ＝{1,3,6}，则集合{2,7,8}是( ) A ．A ∪B B ．A ∩B C ．?U (A ∩B ) D ．?U (A ∪B ) [解析] 解法一：由题意可知?U A ＝{1,2,6,7,8}，?U B ＝{2,4,5,7,8}，∴(?U A )∩(?U B )＝{2,7,8}．由集合的运算性质可知(?U A )∩(?U B )＝?U (A ∪B )，即?U (A ∪B )＝{2,7,8}，故选D. 解法二：画出韦恩图(如图所示)，由图可知?U (A ∪B )＝{2,7,8}，故选D. [答案] D 2．(2018·湖北七市联考)已知N 是自然数集，设集合A ＝?????? ????x ??? 6x ＋1∈N ，B ＝{0,1,2,3,4}，则A ∩B ＝( ) A ．{0,2} B ．{0,1,2} C ．{2,3} D ．{0,2,4} [解析] ∵6x ＋1 ∈N ，∴x ＋1应为6的正约数，∴x ＋1＝1或x ＋1＝2或x ＋1＝3或x ＋1＝6，解得x ＝0或x ＝1或x ＝2或x ＝5，∴集合A ＝{0,1,2,5}，又B ＝{0,1,2,3,4}，∴A ∩B ＝{0,1,2}，故选B. [答案] B 3．(2018·安徽安庆二模)已知集合A ＝{1,3，a }，B ＝{1，a 2－a ＋1}，若B ?A ，则实数a ＝( )
A ．－1 B ．2 C ．－1或2 D ．1或－1或2 [解析] 因为B ?A ，所以必有a 2－a ＋1＝3或a 2－a ＋1＝a . ①若a 2－a ＋1＝3，则a 2－a －2＝0，解得a ＝－1或a ＝2. 当a ＝－1时，A ＝{1,3，－1}，B ＝{1,3}，满足条件； 当a ＝2时，A ＝{1,3,2}，B ＝{1,3}，满足条件． ②若a 2－a ＋1＝a ，则a 2－2a ＋1＝0，解得a ＝1，此时集合A ＝{1,3,1}，不满足集合中元素的互异性，所以a ＝1应舍去． 综上，a ＝－1或2，故选C. [答案] C 4．(2018·安徽皖南八校联考)已知集合A ＝{(x ，y )|x 2＝4y }，B ＝{(x ，y )|y ＝x }，则A ∩B 的真子集个数为( ) A ．1 B ．3 C ．5 D ．7 [解析] 由??? x 2＝4y ，y ＝x 得??? x ＝0，y ＝0或??? x ＝4，y ＝4， 即A ∩B ＝{(0,0)，(4,4)}， ∴A ∩B 的真子集个数为22－1＝3，故选B. [答案] B 5．(2018·江西南昌模拟)已知集合A ＝{x |y ＝4－x 2}，B ＝{x |a ≤x ≤a ＋1}，若A ∪B ＝A ，则实数a 的取值范围为( ) A ．(－∞，－3]∪[2，＋∞) B ．[－1,2] C ．[－2,1] D ．[2，＋∞)
一、阅读下面的文字，完成1～8题。 船歌 蒙福森 张德贵是抚河镇的把船老大，水性甚好，人称“浪里白条张顺”。他胆色一流，技术更是一流。在整个抚河镇的船工中，无人能及。他从13岁开始，就跟着他的老爹在抚河上行船，不到30岁就开始掌舵。几十年虽风雨坎坷，却一直都顺顺当当，从来没有失过手。 抚河镇因河而得名，站在抚河镇最高处的望江楼上远眺抚河，它就像一条银色的巨龙，流过抚河镇。抚河从西向东，一泻千里，波涛滚滚，直至苍梧。抚河发源于猫儿山山脉，水流一路平缓，江面宽阔。然而至抚河镇时，水道突然变得弯曲，怪石嶙峋，两岸悬崖峭壁，杂树丛生，飞鸟鸣叫，猿猴嬉戏。过了抚河镇不远，就是一个险滩，叫乱石滩。乱石滩水情复杂，滩险浪急，江水轰鸣，漩流咆哮声似鬼哭狼嚎，斯时要攻上险滩谈何容易！非要请抚河镇的船工不可，否则，外地人不知水情，十有八九翻船，葬身此地。 张德贵和他的伙伴们，接了工，在望江楼要了一坛白酒、几盘猪头肉，吃饱喝足，一抹嘴，一甩上衣，奔江边去了。张德贵把舵，指挥他的兄弟们，下船的、拉缆的，把船缆挂上肩头，把竹篙顶在肩上，扎紧脚步，开始过滩了。张德贵一声令下，大伙齐心协力把船向着滩面攻上去，这时，船工们的号子如轰雷般吼出—— “哎哟咦咦哎哟，哎哎哟，无呀无底深呀个潭，怎呀得呀上啰嗬！” “哎哟咦咦哎哟，哎哎哟，无呀无底深呀个潭，怎呀得呀上啰嗬！” 那声音，悠扬动听，铿锵有力，在山崖间回荡着；那声音，充满了男人的阳刚之气，富有韵味……喊着一个号子，可过险滩几丈。 过了乱石滩，前面江面宽阔，一马平川，水流骤然变得平缓，老板递过钱给张德贵，道一声“辛苦啦！”，张德贵回一声“一路平安”，回去兄弟们分了钱，这趟攻滩就算完美结束了。 张德贵的老婆在镇上开了个裁缝店，两口子还有一个5岁的儿子和一个3岁的女儿。空闲时，张德贵在望江楼和兄弟们喝喝茶，聊聊天，或者在家逗逗孩子，教孩子念几个字。过几年，孩子就可以入学念书了。 日子就像抚河里的水，昼夜不停地奔流着。转眼，就到了1943年。 这年春天，日本人的枪炮声打破了抚河镇几百年来的宁静。一队队日本兵杀气腾腾地开进了抚河镇。 抚河镇的望江楼成了鬼子的司令部。鬼子以抚河镇为据点，四处烧杀淫掠，抢劫了大量的粮食，然后装到船上，准备运往前线。 鬼子占用了老百姓的帆船来运粮，可他们不敢过乱石滩。 一天，在汉奸的带领下，鬼子来到张德贵家——他们要张德贵和他的兄弟们帮他们运粮过乱石滩。 张德贵断然拒绝。 鬼子军官嗖的一声拔出军刀，架在张德贵的脖子上。张德贵冷冷地坐着，面不改色。鬼子军官恼羞成怒，嘴里叽里咕噜地骂着，眼珠一转，放下刀，带人走了。他们抓走了张德贵的老婆孩子，撂下话来：“哪天答应为皇军效力，哪天就放人！” 张德贵像困兽般焦躁不已，想了很久，终于，他到望江楼，跟鬼子说：“愿意替皇军效力。”
专题强化训练(十六) 古代诗歌鉴赏(一)(诗歌) 一、(2018·四川成都联考)阅读下面这首唐诗，完成1～2题。 赠裴十迪 王维 风景日夕佳，与君赋新诗。 澹然望远空，如意①方支颐。 春风动百草，兰蕙生我篱。 暧暧日暖闺，田家来致词。 欣欣春还皋，淡淡水生陂。 桃李虽未开，荑萼满芳枝。 请君理还策，敢告将农时。 【注】①指还归时需带的手杖等行装。 1．下面对这首诗的赏析，不恰当的一项是() A．一二句点明写作缘由，“日夕”语出陶潜诗“山气日夕佳”，夕阳西下，风景独好，诗人情不自禁想邀朋友一起赋诗。 B．三四句着“望”“支”二字，写出诗人观景之姿态；“澹然”一词则显现出诗人观景之心情。 C．五六句写春风轻拂，惊醒百草，篱笆之中，兰蕙丛生。两句以静写动，赋予春景以生机与活力。 D．这首诗语言清新素雅，朴实醇厚，写景真切自然，融情于景，表现出了诗人醉心田园，恬淡自在的意兴和情怀。 [解析]C项，“以静写动”错；“春风动百草，兰蕙生我篱”，徐徐春风轻拂，惊醒了那沉睡的百草，齐齐在微风荡涤中悄然萌动；看那篱笆丛中，兰惠丛生，散发出缕缕幽香，沁人心脾。一“动”一“生”，以动写静，赋予百草与兰惠以生机与活力；描兰惠之态，实
则又隐约地展露出诗人才望高雅、不与世俗同流合污之情操。应是以动写静。 [答案] C 2．苏东坡以“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画”来评价王维诗的特点，这首诗歌描绘了哪几幅图画？这些画面具有怎样的特点？ 答：_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [解析]题干问的是“这首诗歌描绘了哪几幅图画？这些画面具有怎样的特点”，这是考查把握诗歌景物，概括诗歌画面的能力。如“澹然望远空，如意方支颐”，这两句是写人的姿态，“澹然”显现出诗人观景之心态，恬淡自在；“支颐”描摹出诗人观景之姿态，兀自沉醉。寥寥二笔，却将诗人观景之心绪、姿态描摹得惟妙惟肖，可以命名为“凝望长空图”。如“春风动百草，兰蕙生我篱”，徐徐春风轻拂，惊醒了那沉睡的百草，齐齐在微风荡涤中悄然萌动；看那篱笆丛中，兰惠丛生，散发出缕缕幽香，沁人心脾，这一图中以写景为主，景为“春草”和“兰惠”，故可以从两个景物的角度命名。如“暧暧日暖闺，田家来致词”，暖暖的夕阳，朦胧而柔和，从他那盛满春光的室内渐渐退去，只留下一丝尚存的余晖。春的气息，亦带来了村庄的活跃，傍晚时分，老农亦走家串户，到他那儿闲聊，这幅图以“田家”为主角，故可以从田家的活动角度概括，即“致词”，也就是“闲聊”“闲语”。“欣欣春还皋，淡淡水生陂。桃李虽未开，荑萼满芳枝”，水边的土地上，布满了嫩绿的草木，欣欣向荣，一派蓬勃之象；那泛着绿萍的池塘，在微风轻拂下，荡漾起丝丝涟漪，一圈一圈，向四周荡开。大片的桃李树林，一瞬间也换上了春的彩妆，前面还是光秃秃的杆儿，一缕春风吹过，焕然一新，披上了绿的衣裳，嫩绿的新芽，油然而生，疯狂向外探头，急切地渴盼着打量这个未知
高中数学专题训练——三个二次问题 （二次函数、不等式、方程） 1. 解关于x的不等式： (1) x2－ (a＋ 1)x＋ a＜ 0， (2) 2x2 mx 2 0 ． 2 设集合 A={ x|x2＋3k2≥2k(2x－ 1)} ， B={ x|x2－ (2x－ 1)k＋k2≥ 0} ，且 A B，试求 k 的取值 范围． 3．不等式 (m2－ 2m－ 3)x2－ (m－ 3)x－1＜ 0 的解集为 R，求实数m 的取值范围． 4．已知二次函数y＝ x2＋ px＋ q，当 y＜ 0 时，有－1 ＜x＜ 1 ，解关于x的不等式qx2＋px 2 3 ＋1＞ 0．
5．若不等式 1 x 2qx p 0的解集为x | 2 x 4，求实数p与q的值． p 6. 设f x ax2bx c a 0 ，若 f 0 1， f 1 1， f － 1 1 ,试证明：对于 5 任意 1 x 1，有f x. 4 7（. 经典题型，非常值得训练）设二次函数 f x ax 2 bx c a 0 ，方程 f x x 0 的两个根 x1 , x2满足 0 x1 1 0,x1 时，证明 x f x x1. x2. 当x a 8. 已知关于x 的二次方程x2+2mx+2m+1=0. (1)若方程有两根，其中一根在区间(－ 1， 0)内，另一根在区间(1， 2)内，求 m 的范围 . (2)若方程两根均在区间(0， 1)内，求 m 的范围 .
9. 已知二次函数 f(x)=ax 2+bx+c 和一次函数 g(x)=－ bx ，其中 a 、b 、c 满足 a>b>c,a+b+c=0,(a,b,c ∈R ). (1)求证：两函数的图象交于不同的两点 A 、 B ； (2)求线段 AB 在 x 轴上的射影 A 1B 1 的长的取值范围 . t y (a>0 且 a ≠ 1) 10.已知实数 t 满足关系式 log a log a a 3 a 3 (1)令 t= a x ,求 y=f(x)的表达式； (2)若 x ∈ (0,2 ] 时， y 有最小值 8，求 a 和 x 的值 . 11.如果二次函数 y=mx 2+(m － 3)x+1 的图象与 x 轴的交点至少有一个在原点的右侧，试求 m 的取值范围 . p q r 12.二次函数 f(x)=px 2 +qx+r 中实数 p 、 q 、 r 满足 m 1 =0,其中 m>0,求证： m 2 m (1)pf( m )<0; m 1 (2)方程 f(x)=0 在 (0，1)内恒有解 .
专题跟踪训练(九) 一、单选题 1．(广西省防城港市模拟)下列有关生物遗传和变异的说法,正确的是( ) A．所有变异都不能决定生物进化的方向,但都能提供进化的原材料 B．联会时的交叉互换实现了染色体上等位基因的重新组合 C．用秋水仙素处理单倍体植株后得到的一定是纯合子 D．进行有性生殖的生物在形成配子的过程中可发生基因重组 [解析] 只有可遗传变异才能为进化提供原材料,A错误；联会时同源染色体中非姐妹染色单体间的交叉互换实现了非等位基因的重新组合,B错误；体细胞中含有本物种配子染色体数目的个体,叫做单倍体.单倍体为杂合子的植株经过秋水仙素处理后,染色体加倍所得到的也是杂合子,C错误；进行有性生殖的生物由于可以发生同源染色体内非姐妹染色单体的交叉互换以及非同源染色体的自由组合,所以减数分裂形成配子的过程中可发生基因重组,D正确. [答案] D 2．(衡水金卷)下列有关基因突变的叙述正确的是( ) A．基因突变可能改变基因中密码子的种类或顺序 B．密码子的简并性可以减少有害突变对机体造成的危害 C．癌症的发生是几个正常基因突变成了原癌基因和抑癌基因 D．一个基因中不同的碱基均可改变说明基因突变具有随机性 [解析] 基因突变是指DNA分子中发生碱基对的替换、增添和缺失而引起的基因结构的改变,而密码子位于mRNA上,因此基因突变能改变基因中的碱基数目或排列顺序,A错误；密码子的简并性可以减少因基因突变而引起的生物性状的改变,因此可以减少有害突变对机体造成的危害,B正确；癌症的发生是一系列的原癌基因与抑癌基因的变异逐渐积累的结果,C错误；基因突变的随机性表现在基因突变可以发生在生物个体发育的任何时期,也可以发生在细胞内的不同DNA分子上或同一DNA分子的不同部位,D错误. [答案] B 3．(江苏省徐州市质检)现有基因型ttrr与TTRR的水稻品种,通过不同的育种方法可以培育出不同的类型.下列叙述正确的是( ) A．单倍体育种可获得TTrr,其育种原理主要是基因突变 B．将ttrr人工诱变可获得ttRr,其等位基因的产生来源于基因重组 C．杂交育种可获得TTrr,其变异发生在减数第二次分裂后期 D．多倍体育种获得的TTttRRrr,其染色体数目加倍可发生在有丝分裂的后期 [解析] 亲本ttrr与TTRR杂交产生F1,将F1的花药离体培养成单倍体幼苗再用秋水仙素处理,从中可筛选出TTrr的植株,此过程为单倍体育种,所用原理是染色体变异,A错误；将ttrr人工诱变可获得ttRr 属于诱变育种,其原理是基因突变,B错误；杂交育种可获得TTrr,其原理是减数第一次分裂中的基因重组,C 错误；多倍体育种获得的TTttRRrr的原理是染色体数目变异,其染色体数目加倍可发生在有丝分裂的后
跟踪强化训练(四) 一、选择题 (2017·山西临汾三模)下图为我国某月7日21时某种天气系统向东推进过程中气温的垂直变化剖面图。天气系统推进速度为110千米/日。据此完成1～2题。 1．与7日比较，8日水库的气温变化情况是( ) A．气温升高，且气温日较差变小 B．气温升高，且气温日较差变大 C．气温降低，且气温日较差不变 D．气温降低，且气温日较差变小[解析]图示天气系统为冷锋，7日水库位于锋前而气温较高，天气晴朗；8日冷锋向东移动，水库位于锋后而多阴雨天气，气温降低，气温日较差变小。故D正确。 [答案] D 2．图中城市7日比6日大气污染重，其主要原因是7日( ) B．空气上升受到抑制 A．空气下沉受到抑制 D．空气辐合，静风 C．空气辐散，静风 [解析]由天气系统移动速度可判断，6日该地还没有受到冷锋影响，气温较高而空气对流较强；7日受冷锋影响，出现了逆温层，阻碍了近地面污染物扩散，故大气污染严重。 [答案] B (2017·山西名校联考)流域型城市是指一个地区城市的人、财、物的流动，存在着类似河 流一样的主流和支流，支流汇入主流，最终融入更广阔的市场。下图是流域型城市示意图，读 图回答3～4题。
3．图中上游城市( ) A．资源的集聚效应强 B．彼此联系能力强 D．与海洋联系密切 C．多分布在沿边地区 [解析]从图中可知，“上游城市”城市潜能小，城市间联系强度弱，应该是经济发展水 平较低的城市，因此多分布在沿边地区，故选C。 [答案] C 4．从要素流动和产业链来看，中游城市( ) A．位于产业链末端，提供工业制成品 B．位于产业链前端，提供工业制成品 C．位于产业链末端，提供初级原材料 D．位于产业链前端，提供初级原材料[解析]要素的流动多从城市潜能较小的上游城市向城市潜能较大的下游城市汇集，中游城市处在产业链的前端，生产工业制成品，产品主要通过下游城市汇入市场，故选B。 [答案] B (2017·陕西西安月考)读图，a、b、c分别为0～14岁、15～64岁、65岁及以上三种年龄 人数所占总人口比重。据此回答5～6题。
五年级解方程应用题专题训练购物问题： 1、食堂买了8千克黄瓜，付出15元，找 回1.4元，每千克黄瓜是多少钱？ 2、买4枝钢笔比买5枝圆珠笔要多花2.2 元,每枝圆珠笔的价钱是0.6元,每 枝钢笔是多少元? 3、明明家买了一套桌椅，6张椅子配一张 桌子,一共用了1120元。如果一张 餐桌730元，那么一把椅子多少元？4、王老师带500元去买足球。买了12个 足球后，还剩140元，每个足球多 少元？ 5、奶奶买4袋牛奶和2个面包，付给售货 员20元，找回5.2元，每个面包5.4 元，每袋牛奶多少元？ 6、大瓜去买大米和面粉，每千克大米2.6元，每千克面粉2.3元，他买了20千克面粉和若干大米，共付款61.6元，买大米多少千克？ “谁是谁的几倍多（少）几”（形如ax±b=c的方程）问题： 1、有甲、乙两个书架.已知甲书架有540 本书,比乙书架的3倍少30本.乙书 架有多少本书? 2、甲、乙两人做零件.甲做了240个,比乙做的2倍还多40个.乙做了多少个? 2、培英小学有学生350人,比红星小学的 学生的3倍少19人.红星小学有学 生多少人? 3、水果店运来橘子340千克,比运来苹果 的3倍少80千克.运来苹果多少千 克?
4、一只鲸的体重比一只大象的体重的 37.5倍多12吨.已知鲸的体重是 162吨,大象的体重是多少吨? 5、某玩具厂九月份的产量比八月份产量 的2.5倍还多500个.已知九月份的 产量是3500个,八月份的产量是多 少? 6、洗衣机厂今年每日生产洗衣机260台， 比去年平均日产量的2．5倍少40 台，去年平均日产洗衣机多少台? 7、某饲养场养鸡352只，比鸭的只数的4 倍还多32只。养鸭多少只？ 形如ax±bx=c的方程问题： 1、育新小学共有108人参加学校科技小 组，其中男生人数是女生人数的1.4 倍。参加科技小组的男、女生各有 多少人？ 2、体育比赛中参加跳绳的人数是踢毽子 人数的3倍，已知踢毽子的人数比 跳绳的人数少20人，跳绳、踢毽子 各有多少人？ 3、某校五年级两个班共植树385棵，5（1） 班植树棵树是5（2）班的1.5倍。 两班各植树多少棵？4、一支钢笔比一支圆珠笔贵6.8元。钢笔 的价钱是圆珠笔价钱的4.4倍。钢 笔和圆珠笔的价钱各是多少元？ 5、食堂买来一些黄瓜和西红柿，黄瓜的质 量是西红柿的1.2倍，黄瓜比西红 柿多6.4千克。买来西红柿多少千 克？ 6、强强和丽丽共有奶糖40粒，强强比丽 丽少6粒，强强有奶糖多少粒？
专题跟踪训练(二十四) 语言得体 1．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是() A．作为公司的一名新员工，我很荣幸能莅临这个颁奖舞台。得 知自己获奖，既意外又惊喜，心潮澎湃，过去一年的工作场景又浮现 在眼前。 B．文学社的成立得到了专家的鼎力支持，王蒙、贾平凹等知名 作家忝列其间。 C．本公司欢迎各界朋友前来咨询投资问题。我们将不吝赐教， 将以最优惠的价格给予您最优质的服务。 D．师德如山，让人仰止；师恩如海，难以为报。适逢先生80岁寿诞之际，诚邀各位回到老师身边，共贺恩师高寿。 [解析]A项，“莅临”是敬辞，多用于贵宾，不能用于自己。 B项，“忝”是谦辞，表示辱没他人，自己有愧，不能用于他人。C 项，“不吝赐教”是敬辞，是请人提意见或发表看法的客气话，不能用于自己。 [答案] D 2．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是() A．令爱这次获全国作文竞赛大奖，多亏你悉心指导，我们全家 都感谢你。 B．因航班取消，故不能及时赶到母校参加庆典，敬请谅解。 C．凡获得一等奖的同学，本组委员会将惠赠《鲁迅全集》一套。 D．这次办理出国手续，多亏了你帮忙。明天我将登门致谢，请 你在家恭候。 [解析]A项，“令爱”是敬辞，称对方的女儿，不能用于称自
己的女儿。C项，“惠赠”是敬辞，指对方赠予(财物)，不能用于自身。此处可改为“敬赠”。D项，“恭候”是敬辞，指恭敬地等候，说“别人恭候自己”不恰当。 [答案] B 3．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是() A．我谈的这些粗浅的看法，只为抛砖引玉，期待聆听诸位高见。 B．您反映的这个问题事关重大，我必须权衡利弊，才可做出钧裁。 C．前日丢失支票，蒙您及时送回，感激不尽，明天我将拨冗来 当面致谢。 D．你的文稿，有几处不妥当之处，我已斗胆斧正。 [解析]B项，“钧裁”是对尊长或上级裁决的敬辞，也指恭请做出决定，不能用于自身。C项，“拨冗”是客套话，指推开繁忙的事务，抽出时间(来做某件事情)，不能用于自身。D项，“斧正”是敬辞，用于请人改自己的文章，不能用于自身。 [答案] A 4．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是() A．一位同学在讨论会上说：“像孙老师这样快要退休的老师仍 在为培养我们而略尽绵薄，我们深感荣光。” B．某学生在学术会上发言：导师出国考察，未及与会，他的这 份有关环境问题的研究报告暂由鄙人代读，报告难免有不当之处，请诸君批评指正。 C．一位参加自主招生考试的考生写的自荐信：我在数学方面较 有建树，多次在各级竞赛中获奖。 D．某经理在部门工作分析会上做报告，最后总结说：这只是我
跟踪强化训练(八) 一、选择题 (2017·高考考前押题冲刺地理卷(二))同一时期在海洋中形成的砂岩、页岩、石灰岩在水平方向上是从浅海到深海依次排列的。在地质学中，海退是指海岸线向海洋推进，海进是指海岸线向陆地推进。下图是某海域地质剖面图，①→④为不同地质时期的岩层。据此完成1～2题。 1．图中岩层的更替与该地海岸线的变化对应正确的是( ) A．①→②海退③→④海进 B．①→②海进③→④海退 C．①→②海进③→④海进 D．①→②海退③→④海退 2．下列关于图示甲、乙、丙地质事件发生的先后顺序，正确的排列是( ) A．甲乙丙 B．甲丙乙 C．乙丙甲 D．丙乙甲 [解析]本题组考查地质构造和构造地貌。第1题，由材料“同一时期在海洋中形成的砂岩、页岩、石灰岩在水平方向上是从浅海到深海依次排列的”可知，①→②为石灰岩→页岩，反映当地的地质环境是从深海过渡到浅海，为海退；③→④为砂砾岩→砂岩，海水深度变深，是海进，A正确。第2题，图中甲是褶皱、乙是断层、丙是侵入岩，从图中看，整个褶皱都出现了断层，说明先褶皱后断层；图中侵入岩也出了断层，说明先有侵入岩后断层；图中侵入覆盖了褶皱，说明先褶皱后侵入，正确的排列是褶皱、侵入、断层，B正确。 [答案] 1.A 2.B (2017·江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三调研)下图为我国季风区某山地的地质横剖面示意图，该地区裁弯取直开挖了引水隧洞，连接了同一条河流的不同河段。读图完成3～4题。
3．关于图中地质构造的判断正确的是( ) A．甲位于向斜的槽部 B．隧道沿线地质条件稳定 C．图中的河谷均位于背斜构造之中 D．F1断层形成早于F2断层 4．图示地区岩溶地貌广泛存在，主要原因是( ) A．碳酸盐岩具有可溶性B．植被稀疏 C．降水季节分配不均D．地势起伏较小 [解析]根据图示岩层形态，岩层向上拱起，是背斜构造。向下凹，是向斜构造。岩层有明显错动和位移的是断层构造，断层处地质构造不稳定。岩溶地貌也叫喀斯特地貌，是石灰岩在暖湿的环境条件下，受流水侵蚀、溶蚀形成的。第3题，根据岩层弯曲形态，甲地岩层向上拱起，是背斜构造，甲位于背斜的顶部，A错。隧道沿线有两处穿过断层，地质条件不稳定，B错。图中的河谷处岩层向上拱起，是背斜构造，均位于背斜构造之中，C对。F1断层形成可能与F2断层在同一时期，D错。第4题，图示地区岩溶地貌广泛存在，主要原因是该地岩层以碳酸岩为主，碳酸盐岩具有可溶性，A对。植被稀疏、降水季节分配不均、地势起伏较小不是岩溶地貌分布的主要原因，B、C、D错。 [答案] 3.C 4.A (2017·郑州三模)沙坡是河流浅水区河床中的沙粒堆积地貌，下图示意某常见的沙波形成过程。在浅水区，水面受河床底部起伏影响呈波形，水流流速受上坡和下坡影响存在差异，进而导致沙波背水坡泥沙被侵蚀，而被侵蚀的泥沙会在下一个沙波的迎水坡堆积。读图回答5～6题。 5．①坡是( ) A．迎水坡，流速快 B．迎水坡，流速慢
专题一中点M型 基本条件： ①∠PMQ＝∠B＝∠C；②M是BC的中点 基本结论： ①△EMF∽△EBM∽△MCF. ②EM平分∠BEF，FM平分∠EFC. ③EM2＝EB·EF，FM2＝FC·EF. 常见特例： 特例一：条件：①等边△ABC；②∠MPN＝60°，③P是BC的中点。 特例二：条件：①等腰直角△ABC，AC＝BC，∠C＝90°；②∠EDF＝45°；③点D是AB的中点。特例三：条件：①AB＝AC；②∠BAC＝120°，∠EDF＝30°，③D是BC的中点。 特例四：条件：①矩形ABCD；②∠GEF＝90°，③E是AB的中点。 特例五：条件：①直角梯形ABCD中，AB∥CD，∠A＝90°；②E是AD的中点；③∠BEC＝90°。 巩固练习： 1.已知：梯形ABCD中，AD∥BC，∠A＝90°，E为AB的中点，若AD＝2， BC＝4，∠CED＝90°，则CD长为。 2.如图，在正方形ABCD中，点E、F在边BC、CD上，若AE＝2，EF＝1， AF＝5，则正方形的边长为。 3.已知：等边△ABC中，AB＝8，点D为AB的中点，点M为BC上一动点 ，以DM为一边，在点B异侧作等边△DMN。DN交AC于点F，当 ∠DAN＝90°时，则FN的长为。4.如图，以矩形OABC的邻边OA、OC分别为x轴、y轴的正方向建立平面直角坐标系，F为线段OA 上的一点，将△COF沿直线CF翻折，点O落在AB的中点E处，且OC＝6. （1）求直线EF的解析式； （2）将直线EF绕点F逆时针旋转90°，得到直线m，直线m交y轴于点D，求点D的坐标。 特例一 特例二 特例三 特例四 特例五 巩固1 巩固2 巩固3
复数专题训练（五） 班级 ________ 姓名__________ 记分___________ 一、 选择题：（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．请将唯一正确结论的代号 填入题后的括号内．） 1．方程2z+|z|=2+6i 的解的情况是 （ ） A ．没有解 B ．只有一解 C ．有两解 D ．多于两解 2．复数1-cosθ+isinθ（其中2π<θ<3π）的三角形式是 （ ） A ．2sin 2θ(sin 2θ +icos 2θ) B ．-2sin 2θ[cos(π+2θ)+isin(π+2θ) ] C ．2sin 2θ[cos(2π-θ)+isin(2π-θ) ] D ．-2sin 2θ[cos(23π-2θ)+isin(23π-2 θ ) ] 3．若复数z 的共轭复数是z ，且|z|=1，则|(z+1)(z-i)|的最大值是 （ ） A ．2+2 B ．2-2 C ．1+2 D ．3+2 4．在复平面内，若点A 对应的复数为z （z ≠0），点B 对应的复数为2(sin 4 3π-icos 4 3π)z ， 则∠OAB 等于 （ ） A ．300 B ．450 C ．600 D ．900 5．设θ∈（0，2π），且θ≠π，z 1=1+cosθ+isinθ，z 2=1-cosθ+isinθ，则argz 1+argz 2 的值为 （ ） A ． 2 π B ． 2 3π C ．2 π或2 3π D ．不同于A 、B 、C 的其它答案 6．当θ∈（π，2 3π）时，复数z=(1+i)2 (sin θ+icos θ)的辐角主值是 （ ） A ．π-θ B ．2 π+θ C ．3π-θ D ．2 3π-θ 7．设P={x 1，x 2，x 3}是方程x 3 =1在复数集C 中的解集，Q={x 1x 2，x 2x 3，x 3x 1}，则P 与Q 的关 系是 （ ） A ．P ?Q B ．P ?Q C ．P=Q D ．P ∩Q=Φ 8．z 为复数，A={z||z-1|≤1}，B={z|argz ≥6 π }，在复平面内A ∩B 所表示图形的面积为（ ） A ．65π B ．6 5π-43 C ．65π-41 D ．3π-43 9．使(3-i)m =(1+i)n 的最小的自然数n 、m 是 （ ） A ．n=3，m=6 B ．m=3，n=6 C ．m=n=3 D ．m=n=6 10．复数z 满足argz=4 3 π，则|z-3i|+|z-3-3i|的最小值为 （ ） A ．32 B ．35 C ．1+32 D ．1+35
图文转换 1．下面是著名心理学家赫洛克所做对比实验结果的示意图。请简要概括该实验的结论，要求语意简明，句子通顺，不超过60个字。 【说明】被试人员分成四个小组。第一组为受表扬组，每次学习后予以表扬和鼓励；第二组为受训斥组，每次学习后严加训斥；第三组为受忽视组，不予评价，只让其静听其他两组受表扬和挨批评；第四组为控制组，让他们与前三组隔离，不予任何评价。 答：_________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [解析] 本题要求简要概括实验的结论，应做到客观、全面，即把示意图所呈现的内容按照一定的逻辑关系进行说明。可抓住“平均成绩”“组别”进行概括，通过图中数据的对比(横比和纵比)，从中总结出一定的规律或得出相应的结论。从“组别”的角度看，受表扬组和受训斥组(这两组都予以评价)的成绩远高于受忽视组和控制组(这两组都不予评价)，由此可得出“给予评价比不给予评价的效果好”；从“平均成绩”的角度看，受表扬组基本一直在升高，而受训斥组前期成绩提高快，后期下滑明显，由此可得出“表扬的效果优于批评的效果”“适度的批评也有利于学习者的进步”。 [答案] 示例：①给予评价比不给予评价的效果好；②表扬的效果优于批评的效果；③适度的批评也有利于学习者的进步。 2．下图为共享经济的简易说明图，请根据该图给共享经济下一个定义。
答：_________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [解析] 解答此题时，考生首先要明确下定义的对象是“共享经济”，而“共享经济”是一种经济模式，写出句子“共享经济是……的一种经济模式”。然后分析框架图中各个关键词与“共享经济”之间的关系，将它们作为定语进行转述，注意关键词要完整，定语排列要符合逻辑。 [答案] 共享经济是一个组织机构或个人以获得一定报酬为主要目的，将自己闲置物品的使用权通过中间第三方平台转移给陌生人的一种经济模式。 3．下面是某中学国庆七日游的初步构思框架，请把这个构思写成一段话，要求内容完整，表述准确，语言连贯，不超过75个字。 答：_________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
跟踪强化训练(二十四) 一、选择题 1．(2017·广西三市第一次联合调研)若抛物线y 2＝2px(p>0)上的点A(x 0，2)到其焦点的距离是A 到y 轴距离的3倍，则p 等于( ) A.12 B ．1 C.3 2 D ．2 [解析] 由题意3x 0＝x 0＋p 2，x 0＝p 4，则p 2 2＝2，∵p>0，∴p ＝2.故选D. [答案] D 2．(2017·深圳一模)过点(3,2)且与椭圆3x 2＋8y 2＝24有相同焦点的椭圆方程为( ) A.x 25＋y 2 10＝1 B.x 210＋y 2 15＝1 C.x 215＋y 2 10 ＝1 D.x 210＋y 2 5 ＝1 [解析] 椭圆3x 2＋8y 2＝24的焦点为(±5，0)，可得c ＝5，设所求椭圆的方程为x 2 a 2＋y 2 b 2＝1，可得9a 2＋4 b 2＝1，又a 2－b 2＝5，得b 2＝10，a 2＝15，所以所求 的椭圆方程为x 215＋y 2 10 ＝1.故选C. [答案] C 3．(2017·福州模拟)已知双曲线x 2a 2－y 2 b 2＝1(a>0，b>0)的右顶点与抛物线y 2 ＝8x 的焦点重合，且其离心率e ＝3 2 ，则该双曲线的方程为( ) A.x 24－y 2 5＝1 B.x 25－y 2 4＝1 C.y 24－x 2 5 ＝1 D.y 25－x 2 4 ＝1 [解析] 易知抛物线y 2＝8x 的焦点为(2,0)，所以双曲线的右顶点是(2,0)，所以a ＝2.又双曲线的离心率e ＝3 2 ，所以c ＝3，b 2＝c 2－a 2＝5，所以双曲线的方
程为x 24－y 2 5 ＝1，选A. [答案] A 4．(2017·武汉调研)椭圆C ：x 24＋y 2 3＝1的左、右顶点分别为A 1、A 2，点P 在 C 上且直线PA 2斜率的取值范围是[－2，－1]，那么直线PA 1斜率的取值范围是( ) A.??????12，34 B.??????38，34 C.???? ??12，1 D.???? ??34，1 [解析] 椭圆的左顶点为A 1(－2,0)、右顶点为A 2(2,0)，设点P(x 0，y 0)，则x 204＋y 203＝1，得y 20x 20－4＝－34.而kPA 2＝y 0x 0－2，kPA 1＝y 0x 0＋2，所以kPA 2·kPA 1＝y 20x 2 0－4＝－34.又kPA 2∈[－2，－1]，所以kPA 1∈???? ?? 38，34.故选B. [答案] B 5．(2017·合肥质检)已知双曲线y 24－x 2＝1的两条渐近线分别与抛物线y 2＝ 2px(p>0)的准线交于A ，B 两点．O 为坐标原点．若△OAB 的面积为1，则p 的值为( ) A ．1 B. 2 C ．2 2 D ．4 [解析] 双曲线的两条渐近线方程为y ＝±2x ，抛物线的准线方程为x ＝－p 2， 故A ，B 两点的坐标为? ???? －p 2，±p ，|AB|＝2p ，所以S △OAB ＝12·2p ·p 2＝p 22＝1，解得p ＝2，故选B. [答案] B 6．已知椭圆x 24＋y 2 b 2＝1(0 专题19《中点模型》 破解策略 1．倍长中线 在△ABC中．M为BC边的中点． 图1 图2 （1）如图1，连结AM并延长至点F，使得ME＝AM．连结CE．则△ABM≌△ECM． （2）如图2，点D在AB边上，连结DM并延长至点E．使得MF＝DM．连结CE，则△BDM ≌△CEM， 遇到线段的中点问题，常借助倍长中线的方法还原中心对称图形，利用“8”字形全等将题中条件集中，达到解题的目的，这种方法是最常用的也是最重要的方法． 2．构造中位线 在△ABC中．D为AB边的中点， 图1 图2 （1）如图1，取AC边的中点E，连结DE．则DE∥BC，且DF＝1 2 B C． （2）如图2．延长BC至点F．使得CF＝B C．连结CD，AF．则DC∥AF，且DC＝1 2 AE． 三角形的中位线从位置关系和数量关系两方面将将图形中分散的线段关系集中起来．通常需要再找一个中点来构造中位线，或者倍长某线段构造中位线， 3．等腰三角形“三线合一” 如图，在△ABC中，若AB＝A C．通常取底边BC的中点D．则AD⊥BC，且AD平分∠BA C．事实上，在△ABC中：①AB＝AC；②AD平分∠BAC；③BD＝CD，④AD⊥B C． 对于以上四条语句，任意选择两个作为条件，就可以推出另两条结论，即“知二得二”．4.直角三角形斜边中线 如图，在△ABC看，∠ABC＝900，取AC的中点D，连结BD，则有BD＝AD＝CD＝1 2 AC． 反过来，在△ABC中，点D在AC边上，若BD＝AD＝CD＝1 2 AC，则有∠ABC＝900 例题讲解 例1 如图，在四边形ABCD 中，E 、F 分别是AB 、CD 的中点，过点E 作AB 的垂线，过点F 作CD 的垂线，两垂线交于点G ，连结AG 、BG 、CG 且∠AGD ＝∠BGC ，若AD 、BC 所在直线互相垂直，求AD EF 的值 解 由题意可得△AGB 和△DGC 为共顶点等顶角的两个等腰三角形， 所以△AGD ≌△BGC ，△AGD ∽△EGF ． 方法一：如图1，连结CE 并延长到H ，使EH ＝EC ，连EH 、AH ，则 AH ∥BC ，AH ＝BC ，而AD ＝BC ，AD ⊥BC 所以AD ＝AH ，AD ⊥AH ，连结DH ，则△ADH 为等腰直角三角形，又因为E 、F 分别为CH 、CD 的中点，所以=12 AD AD EF DH = 方法二：如图2，连结BD 并取中点H ，连结EH ，FH ．则EH ＝ 12AD ，且EH ∥AD ，FH ＝12BC ， 而AD ＝BC ，AD ⊥BC ，所以△EHF 为等腰直角三角形，所以2=AD EH EF EF = 例2 如图，在△ABC 中，BC ＝22，BD ⊥AC 于点D ，CE ⊥AB 于E ，F 、G 分别是BC 、DE 的中点，若ED ＝10，求FG 的长． 解：连结EF 、DF ，由题意可得EF 、DF 分别为RT △BEC ，RT △BDC 斜边的中线，所以DF ＝EF ＝ 12 BC ＝11，而G 为DE 的中点，所以DG ＝EG ＝5，FG ⊥DE ，所以RT △FGD 中，FG ＝ 例3 已知：在RT △ACB 和RT △AEF 中，∠ACB ＝∠AEF ＝900 ，若P 是BF 的中点，连结PC 、PE （1）如图1，若点E 、F 分别落在边AB 、AC 上，请直接写出此时PC 与PE 的数量关系． （2）如图2，把图1中的△AEF 绕着点A 顺时针旋转，当点E 落在边CA 的延长线上时，上述结论是否成立若成立，请给予证明；若不成立，请说明理由． （3）如图3，若点F 落在边AB 上，则上述结论是否仍然成立若成立，请给予证明；若不成立，请说明理由． 解（1）易得PC ＝PE ＝12 BF ，即PC 与PE 相等． （2）结论成立．理由如下：中考数学压轴题破解策略专题中点模型
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