2. 冠词和数词讲解和练习
2.1 不定冠词的用法
冠词本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。
不定冠词a （an）与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1）表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。例如：
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位姓凌的先生在等你。
2）代表一类人或物。例如：
A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切割的工具。
Mr. Smith is an engineer. 史密斯先生是工程师。
3）组成词组或成语，如a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try /keep an eye on / all of a sudden等。
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2.2 定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那（这）个"的意思，但意义较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1）特指双方都明白的人或物。例如：
Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2）上文提到过的人或事。例如：
He bought a house.I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3）指世上独一物二的事物，如the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth等。
4）与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面。例如：Where do you live?I live on the second floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。
That's the very thing I've been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。
6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体。例如：
They are the teachers of this school.（指全体教师）
They are teachers of this school.（指部分教师）
7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。例如：
She caught me by the arm..她抓住了我的手臂。
8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前。例如：the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国
the United States美国
9）用在表示乐器的名词之前。例如：
She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。
10）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人。例如：
the Greens格林一家人（或格林夫妇）
11）用在惯用语中。例如：
in the day, in the morning （afternoon，evening）,the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday,the next morning,
in the sky （water，field，country）
in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,
in the middle （of）,in the end,
on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
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2.3 零冠词的用法
1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary。
2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词。例如：
They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词。例如：
Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词。例如：
Man cannot live without water.离开水人就无法生存。
5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词。例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词。例如：
The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词，如have breakfast，play chess。8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词。例如：
I can't write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。
9）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词，如by bus，by train。10）有些个体名词不用冠词，如school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义。例如：go to hospital去医院看病
go to the hospital去医院（并不是去看病，而是有其他目的）
11）不用冠词的序数词；
a. 序数词前有物主代词时。
b. 序数词作副词。例如：He came first in the race. 他跑步得了第一。
c. 在固定词组中，如at（the）first, first of all, from first to last等。
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2.4 冠词与形容词+名词结构
1）两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同的人或物。例如：
He raises a black and a white cat.他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。
The black and the white cats are hers.这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。
2）如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一人或一物。例如：
He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。
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2.5 冠词位置
1）不定冠词位置
不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意：
a. 位于such，what，many，half等形容词之后。例如：
I have never seen such an animal. 我从来没见过这样的动物。
Many a man is fit for the job. 许多人适合这岗位。
b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形
容词之后。例如：
It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. 我从未这么高兴过。
So short a time 如此短的时间
Too long a distance 距离太远了
c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可，如：rather a cold day/a rather cold day。
d. 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当表语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后。例如：
Brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。
2）定冠词位置
定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all，both，double，half，twice，three times 等词之后，名词之前。例如：
All the students in the class went out.班里的所有学生都出去了。
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2.6 数词
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
一、基数词
1）基数词一般可写成如345或three hundred and forty-five。
2）基数词一般是单数形式，但遇下列情况，常用复数：
a. 与of 短语连用，表示概数，不能与具体数目连用，如scores of people 指许多人；
b. 在一些表示"一排"或"一组"的词组里。例如：
They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到了。
c. 表示"几十岁"。
d. 表示"年代"，用in +the +数词复数。
e. 在乘法运算的一种表示法里，如Three fives is（are）fifteen。
二、序数词
序数词的缩写形式如first---1st second---2nd thirty-first---31st等。
三、数词的用法
1）倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as。例如
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size （amount，length…）of…。例如：
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than…。例如：
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。
d. 还可以用by+倍数，表示增加多少倍。例如：
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year. 今年粮食产量增加了4倍。
2）分数表示法的构成：基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。分子大于1时，分子的序数词用单数，分母序数词用复数。例如：
1/3 one-third；3/37 three and three-sevenths.
2.7 冠词练习
1.When Linda was a child, her mother always let her have ______ bed.
a. the breakfast in
b. the breakfast in the
c. breakfast in
d. breakfast in the
2.He has promised to give up ______ hundreds of times.
a. a tobacco
b. tobacco
c. the tobacco
d. tobaccos
3.______ usually go to church every Sunday.
a. The Brown
b. A Brown
c. Browns
d. The Browns
4.The train is running fifty miles ______.
a. an hour
b. one hour
c. the hour
d. a hour
5.He can play almost every kind of music instrument but he is good ______.
a. at the flute
b. at flute
c. at a flute
d. at that flute
6.The investigators found that more should be done for ______ in India.
a. those poor
b. a poor
c. poor
d. the poor
7.You look in high spirit. You must have ______ during your holiday.
a. wonderful time
b. a wonderful time
c. the wonderful time
d. some wonderful time
8.The city assigned a policeman to the school crossing because ______ traffic there was so heavy.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. one
9.A new teacher was sent to the village in place of ______ one who had retired.
a. a
b. the
c. an
d. its
10.Virtue and vice are before you;______ leads you to happiness,______ to misery.
a. the former…latter
b. a former…a latter
c. the former…the latter
d. former…latter
11.The children in the kinder-garden soon took ______ to their teachers.
a. quite fancy
b. a quite fancy
c. quite a fancy
d. the quite fancy
12.______ tend to bemoan the lack of character in the young generation.
a. The old
b. Old
c. Elderly
d. Older
13.A man suffering from a chock should be given ______.
a. hot sweet tea
b. a hot sweet tea
c. the hot sweet tea
d. one hot sweet tea
14.He answered my questions with ______ not to be expected of an ordinary schoolboy.
a. his accuracy
b. a accuracy
c. the accuracy
d. an accuracy
15.If you go by train you can have quite ______ comfortable journey.
a. the
b. one
c. a
d. that
16.We?re going to ______ with ______ today, aren?t we?
a. the tea…the Smiths
b. tea…those Smiths
c. a tea…a Smith
d. tea…the Smiths
17.I want an assistant with ______ knowledge of French and ______ experience of office routine.
a. the…the
b. a…the
c. a…an
d. the…an
18.Ann?s habit of riding a motorcycle up and down the road early in the morning annoyed the neighbors and ______ they took her to the court.
a. in the end
b. at the end
c. in an end
d. in end
19.It is reported that today ______ president will have lunch with ______ President Omon.
a. the…the
b. a…a
c. the…/
d. /…/
20.Tianan Men Square and ______ Great Wall are tow of the places everyone should see in
______ People?s Republic of China.
a. the…the
b. /…/
c. the…/
d. /…the
21.It has long been known that there is an electric field ______.
a. inside the earth
b. inside earth
c. inside an earth
d. on earth
22.______ much harder work, the volunteers were able to place the raging forest fire______.
a. By the means of…under the control
b. By means of…under control
c.By means of…under a control
d. By a means of…under control
23.No sooner had the man departed than the tree began dropping coffee beans ______.
a. by the thousand
b. by a thousand
c. by thousands
d. by thousand
24.He expressed ______ of their having ever been married.
a. the doubt
b. a doubt
c. doubt
d. an doubt
25.He saw through the little boy?s tricks ______.
a. at glance
b. at the glance
c. at some glance
d. at a glance
26.Their victory is ______,for they?ve lost too many men.
a. out of question
b. out of the question
c. out question
d. of question
27.Many a girl wants to become ______.
a. some secretary
b. a secretary
c. secretary
d. secretaries
28.He grabbed me ______ and pulled me onto the bus.
a. a arm
b. an arm
c. the arm
d. by the arm
29.I?ll come in ______ minute; in fact I?ll come ______ moment I?m through.
a./…the
b. a…the
c. the…a
d. /…/
30.This is one of ______ interesting books on your subject.
a. the most
b. the most of the
c. most
d. most of the
31.He enjoys life ______ the “Queen Anne”.
a. on a board b . on board c. in the board d. board
32.He lost his fob and ______ his wife left him.
a. on that top
b. on top of that
c. on a top of that
d. on the top
33.Most of the representatives think that ______ the meeting was very successful.
a. on whole of
b. on a whole
c. on the whole
d. on the whole that
34.Under no circumstances will there be wage control while I am ______ of the government.
a. the head
b. a head
c. head
d. that head
35.Like his sister, David needed ______ from some generous person in order to get home.
a. a ride
b. some ride
c. ride
d. the ride
36.The brain?s left hemisphere controls logic and language, while ______controls intuitive talents and musical ability.
a. the right
b. a right
c. that right
d. right one
37.______ is setting up a research team to see how children react to video games.
a. The Japan?s Health Ministry
b. Japan?s health Ministry
b. A Japan?s health Ministry d. Japan health Minis try
38.Unlike Americans, who seem to prefer coffee,______ a great deal of tea.
a. English drink
b. The English drink
c. English man drink
d. the English drinks
39.Hundreds of people are ______ now, so there are about 50 people trying for the same position.
a.out of the work
b. out work
c. out of work
d. out of a work
40.His mother taught ______ ,but his father was only a blue-collar worker.
a. piano
b. an piano
c. the piano
d. a piano
41.Contrary to what I had expected, he lost for ______.
a. second time
b. a second time
c. second times
d. the second time
42.Fashions change and people change too, but the old feeling remains ______.
a. the same
b. same
c. that same
d. as same
43.We are going to dine tomorrow with ______ to celebrate Christmas Day.
a. the Cunning
b. Cunnings
c. The Cunnings
d. Cunning?s
44.This is ______ which is collected before the first rain in Spring.
a. one tea
b. a tea
c. the tea
d. that tea
45.______ is known by its note,______ is known by his talk.
a. A bird/a man
b. One bird/one man
c. The bird/the man
d. Bird/man
46.Never travel with ______ who leaves you in case of danger.
a. the friend
b. that friend
c. a friend
d. friend
47.Do you think it possible for the North Pole to have ______ a few thousand years from now?
a. Shanghai
b. a Shanghai
c. the Shanghai
d. one Shanghai
48.I don?t think ______ is a better car than our makes.
a. a Ford
b. Ford?s
c. the Ford
d. Ford
49.I didn?t know why he looked angry when I patted him ______.
a. on the head
b. on head
c. on a head
d. on his head
50.he never fails to give you ______ when you are in trouble.
a. his helping hands
b. the helping hand
c. helping hands
d. a helping hand
51.The historical events of that period are arranged ______.
a. in alphabetical order
b. in an alphabetical order
b. in the alphabetical orders d. in a alphabetical orders
52.The like to take a vacation ______.
a. one time the year
b. one time in a year
c. once a year
d. once in a year
53.“What is Todger?” “He is ______.”
a. a poet and novelist
b. a poet and a novelist
b. poet and novelist d. the poet and novelist
54.“How did you pay the workers?”
“As a rule, they are paid ______.”
a. by an your
b. by the hour
c. by a hour
d. by hours
55.The DMZ extends about two hundred kilometers ______.
a. from east to west
b. from the east to west
c. from the east to the west
d. from eastern to western
56.What ______ are you planning to buy?
a. make of car
b. make of the car
c. make of a car
d. make of cars
57.______,you can?t fool her.
a. The child though Rowena is
b. Though child Rowena is
b. As child Rowena is d. Child as Rowena is
58.What?s ______ is to get information about the situation first.
a. the wisest
b. a wisest
c. the wiser
d. wisest
59.The differences between ______ are gradually being eliminated.
a. the town and the country
b. town and country
b. a town and a country d. a town and the country
60.Scientists hope to send an expedition to Mars during ______.
a. t he 1990s
b. the 1990
c. 1990s
d. 1990?s
2.8 数词练习
1.______ martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people.
a. Thousand upon thousand of
b. Thousand and thousands of
c. Thousands upon thousands of
d. Thousand and thousand of
2.They received ______ of letters about their TV programs.
a. dozen
b. dozen and dozen c score d. dozens
3.Who is that man,______ in the front row?
a. one
b. the one
c. first
d. the first
4.We have produced ______ this year as we did in 1993.
a. as much cotton twice
b. as twice much cotton
c. much as twice cotton
d. twice as much cotton
5.The earth is about ______ as the moon.
a. as fifty time big
b. fifty times as big
c. as big fifty time
d. fifty as times big
6.The population of many Alaskan cities has ______ in the past three years.
a. more than doubled
b. more doubled than
c. much than doubled
d. much doubled than
7.The moon is about _____ in diameter as diameter as the earth.
a. one-three as large
b. one three as large
c. one-third as large
d. one third as large
8.Five hundred yuan a month _____ enough to live on.
a. is
b. are
c. is being
d. has been
9.______ of the buildings were ruined.
a. Three fourth
b. Three four
c. Three-fourths
d. Three-four
10.Consult _____ for questions about earthquakes.
a. the six index
b. index six
c. sixth index
d. index numbering six
11.She went to the countryside ______.
a. in the morning at nine/on June first,1968
b. on June first,1968/in the morning at nine
c at nine in the morning/on June first,1968 d. on June first,1968/at nine in the morning
12.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ______ covered with water.
a. are
b. is
c. were
d. be
13.This month the production of stainless steel in our steelworks has increased ______ 2,000 tons.
a. with
b. in
c. on
d. by
14.With the miniaturization of the structural components the weight of these electric devices has decreased ________ 30 percent.
a. as
b. with
c. in
d. by
15.The Olympic Games are held ______.
a. every four years
b. every four year
c. every fourth years
d. every four-years
16.As he is not in good health, he goes to his factory only ______ just to learn something about the progress of experiment.
A once a week b. one week c. one time a week d. one a week
17.Three students ______ in this university come from the South.
a. of ten
b. out of in ten
c. out of ten
d. in tens
18.Strings of the same thickness made of nylon are ______.
a. five times stronger than those
b. five time stronger than those
b. five times strong than those d. five times stronger as those
19.the wheels of the old wagon are nearly ______ those of a modern car.
a. twice the size of
b. twice size of
c. twice sizes of
d. twice the size of
20.One day on the moon is ______.
a. two Earth week long
b. two Earth weeks long
b. two Earth weeks longer d. two Earth weeks length
附：限定词练习
1.My hand was hurt. Could you do ______ typing for me?
a. some
b. many
c. such
d. any
2.There were ______ students in the reading room.
a. neither
b. not
c. no
d. none
3.If it is of ______ use to you, please take it.
a. some
b. many
c. no
d. any
4.I?ve invited five peopl e to tea this afternoon. Out of them, only John and Mary can come,______ can?t.
a. other
b. the other
c. others
d. the others
5.Most English people go to Spain for the sea, the sun and all the ______ things associated with a relaxing holiday.
a. any
b. another
c. some
d. other
6.______ were ironed by my mother yesterday.
a. The all sheets
b. all of sheets
c. All the sheets
d. Sheets of all
7.As usual,______ man was given his individual assignment.
a. every
b. each
c. all
d. both
8.They saw ______ girls the day before yesterday.
a. both the other two
b. the two other both
c. the both other two
d. the both two other
9.One uses the freezer, the computer and the business school to manufacture ______ dishes in never a tick longer than 100 seconds.
a. such others
b. other such
c. such other
d. other such a
10.______ boxer was strong, but ______ had a good build and was light on his feet.
a.Either/every
b. Neither/each
c. Both/both
d. All the/all
11.______ was astonished to find himself rooting and shouting in a most undignified manner.
a. Many elderly man
b. A many elderly men
c. Many an elderly man
d. Many elderly men
12.I know now, of course, there is ______ as love.
a. no such a thing
b. not such thing
c. not a thing
d. no such thing
13.As there were ______ life-boats for everybody,40 lives were lost.
a. as little
b. so little
c. too few
d. very few
14.He was brave;_____ soldiers fought so bravely in that battle.
a. no others
b. no another
c. no other
d. not other
15.I don?t think we have met before. I?m afraid you?re confusing me with ______.
a. some other
b. some other person
c. other person
d. one other
16.Weekends last from Friday evening to Sunday night.______ days are week-days.
a. The other
b. Another
c. Other
d. Every other
17.We had ______ good time that we hated to leave the party.
a. such a
b. such
c. so
d. pretty
18.Paris is ______ that we can hardly visit all the beautiful parks in two or three days.
a. such large a city
b. so a large city
c. such a large city
d. a such large city
19.Deputies to the National People?s Congress are elected_______.
a. every four year
b. each four years
c. every of four years
d. every four years
20.There is hardly ______difference between the two libraries.
a. no
b. any
c. much
d. some
21.For young people, Carpenter is ______ singer.
a. most their popular
b. most popular of theirs
c.their most popular
d. most popular of their
22.______ are about the American Independent War.
a. Both book
b. Both books
c. All the two book
d. all of two books
23.When I am in trouble, my friends will give me their hands without ______ hesitation.
a. some
b. a
c. any
d. the
24.You?re welcome to my house ______ time you?d like.
a. the
b. any
c. no
d. some
25.He was very much disappointed because ______ went to his wedding party.
a. no his friends
b. all no his friends
c. none his friends
d. none of his friends
26.You shouldn?t stop your car here since there is a sign …______?.
a. Not Parking
b. No Park
c. No Parking
d. Not a Park
27.I cannot invited ______ of you, since I?ve got only one extra ticket.
a. either
b. both
c. some
d. one
28.______ the idioms are not easy to remember and use.
a. Every
b. Some
c. All
d. Each
29.There is a line of trees in ______ side of the river.
a. every
b. each
c. per
d. none
30.______ our countries are developing countries.
a. Each
b. Either
c. Every
d. Both
31.The scientist wrote a number of books, but ______ books were novels.
a. last two his
b. his last two
c. two his last
d. last two of his
32.Have you got ______ copies to go around?
a. much c. a large amount of c. enough d. great
33.You can never use my car. ____ time should you touch it.
a. At no
b. At any
c. any
d. No
34.My brother is going on the picnic with ______ friends.
a. his two little other
b. other his two little
c. his other little two
d. his two other little
35.Those examples are not enough, you should give ______ examples to make your argument convincing.
a. some
b. any
c. some more
d. any more
36.______ feels entitled to more in life than just housework.
a. Many women
b. A lot of woman
c. Many a woman
d. A few woman
37.You will have to practice ______ times before you can do it.
a.many more
b. more many
c. more often
d. more several
38.It is ______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
a. a so unusual
b. such an unusual
c. so unusual
d. such unusual
39.This cake is delicious, but I can?t eat ______.
a. some
b. no
c. any
d. much
40.Here are some books by American writers. You can read ______ you like.
a. any
b. which
c. what one
d. whichever one
冠词练习答案1
C
19
C
37
B
55
C
2
B
20
A
38
B
56
A
3
D
21
A
39
C
57
D
4 A 22 B 40 C 58 D
5 A 23 C 41 B 59 B
6 D 24 B 42 A 60 A
7 B 25 D 43 C 61
8 C 26 B 44 B 62
9 B 27 D 45 A 63
10 C 28 D 46 C 64
11 C 29 B 47 B 65
12 A 30 A 48 C 66
13 C 31 B 49 A
14 D 32 B 50 D 68
15 C 33 C 51 A 69
16 D 34 C 52 C 70
17 C 35 A 53 A 71
18 A 36 A 54
72
冠词练习答案
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c0518626.html,/zz-heqiao/uploadfile/200411168393168.doc
2018 高考英语语法专题练习冠词（含答案和解析） 冠词是高考英语中的必考知识点，体现在语法填空和 单项选择这两大题型中。正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要， 今天，我们讲练结合，说一说冠词的用法。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．(2016·汉中市二模)Have a good time! 解析：考查冠词。have a good time 玩得开心。2．(2014·天津，8 改编)Life is like an ocean: Only the strong－willed can reach the other shore. 解析：第一个空表示泛指，且ocean 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong－willed 意为“意志坚强的人”。 3．(2014·重庆，6 改编)I can't tell you the way to the Wilson's because we don't have a Wilson here in the village. 解析：way 后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson 的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。 4．(2014·陕西，19 改编) The village where I was born has grown into a town. 解析：village 后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定 冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。
5．(2016·大庆市一模)Every time there was an outbreak，a great number of terrified people died. 解析：there was＋可数名词单数，且“outbreak”以元音音素开头，故用an。 6.The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday. 解析：句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news 后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。 7.In Germany, a successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success. 解析：句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project 为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。 8.—Mom, why can't I have a new bike?—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees. 解析：句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike 为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。 9.The wish always remains unrealistic that you can come
小学英语语法复习要点5 冠词 冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。 ?不定冠词有两个，a 和an。a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。 ?定冠词the和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 练习：填写正确的冠词 car（一辆汽车）； teacher（一个老师）； apple（一个苹果）； orange（一个橘子）； ice cream（一个冰激凌）； American（一个美国人）； hour（一小时）； umbrella（一把伞）； man（一个人）； man（这个人） 数词 数词分为基数词和序数词两种。 ?基数词表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词 注意：几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符“-”连接。eighty-five 85 当基数词hundred,thousand等词前有具体数词或several修饰时，必须用单数。
three hundred 300 时间表达方式：小时+分钟 two ten 2:10 序数词 注意：第一二三，特殊记，从四开始加th，8去t，9去e。遇到ve变f，遇到y就变ie，再加th。 多位数的基数词变成序数词时，只需将末位基数词变成序数词，前边的基数词不变。forty-second第42 自然拼读期中检测
一．听单词，填写空缺字母 p t c p n t g m p g g ft d t g m p t g s w t ga e d g g t ent ircle t b t ity t g m b an b b t s k g raffe on ert 二．听写单词 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
英语语法专题一冠词 英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词；the是定冠词。 （一）不定冠词 一、知识测练 填上恰当的不定冠词。 1.She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hour speaking it every day. 2.I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner. 3.There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you. 4.Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country? 5.They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place. 二、知识归纳 不定冠词a和an的基本用法： 不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________（可数、不可数）名词的单数，表示“一个”的惑思，一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。 (1)a用在_________（辅音、元音）开头的单词前（注意：辅音不是辅音字母）。 如：a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country (2)an用在_________（元音、辅音）开头的单词前（注意：元音不是元音字母）。 如：an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree 三、知识过关 单项选择 1.That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear. A. a, a B. the, a C. an, a D. a, the 2.Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an 3._______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep. A. A, an B. An. A C. The, / D. A, a 4.There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use". A. the, the B. an, a C. an, an D. a, an 5.China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country. A. an, an B. an, a C. a, an D. a, a 6.Is this _______ useful book? —Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.
【名词】 选择正确答案 1. There are forty ______ in our school. A. women teachers B .teacher women C. woman teachers D. women teacher 2. Mr. Li is one of ______ in the hospital. A. most popular doctors B. the most popular doctors C. most popular doctor D. the most popular doctor 3. The sign "NO PHOTOS" means that you can't ______. A. take pictures B. bring in pictures C. buy any photos D. sell any photos 4. Some of the boys in ______ are afraid of maths exams. A. Class Three B .the Class Three C. Three Class D .the Three Class 5. Have you got any ______ for us this time? A. pieces of message B. piece of messages C. pieces of messages D. messages 6. ______, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. In a few years time B. After a few years time C. In a few years’ ti me D. After a few years time 7. Hong Kong is an SAR while Macao is another. So there are ______ in China. A. both SAR B. both SARS C. two SAR D. two SARS 8. Look! There are ______ stars up there in the ______. A. thousands of; sky B. thousands of; air C. thousand of; sky D. thousand of; air 9. My father lived in ______ for some ten years. A. city Beijing B. the Beijing city C. Beijing of city D. the city of Beijing 10. Just from the ______ I know it's Liu Minjun. A. noise B. voice C. sound D .sing 11. —Where are the other two students? —They're in ______. A. teacher's office B. teachers' office C. the teacher office D. the teachers' office 12. —How many ______ have you next term? —Let me see. We'll have eight. A. lesson B. subjects C. days D. class 13. My uncle's full name is David Edward Hartpode. His family name is ______. A. Edward B. Hartpode C. David D. David Hartpode 14. He writes more carefully than ______ in his class. A. any student B. any other student C. any other students D. all students 15. This new kind ______ can do half the work. A. of tractor B. tractor C. of a tractor D. a tractor 16. John is very happy to have a ______ training.
2019年秋季课程外研版初二英语 语法回顾—冠词和数词 一、课程介绍 知识点 1. 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的用法。 2. 基数词、序数词和概数词的用法。 教学重点 1. 掌握冠词的基本考点和解题方法 2. 掌握数次的中考考点和阶梯方法 教学难点 1. 特殊冠词的使用方法 2. 特殊数词的使用方法 二、要点回顾 Ⅰ.知识回顾 1. -- I put my purse on the table just now, have you seen it? --No. I haven’t. You should never put _____ on the desk anyway. A. anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something 2. --How was your final exam? --The English and Maths papers weren’t __ for me. I hope I haven’t failed. A. easy enough B. difficult enough C. enough easy D. enough difficult 3.-- Could you tell me something about the museum? -- Yes, It was built in 1979, 230 __________ and 220 ____________. A. long meters; wide meters B. meters long; wide meters C. long meters; meters wide D. meters long; meters wide 4. --What’s your present for Kangkang’s birthday? -- He likes painting, so I’m going to buy him a __________ paintings. A. fine little brown French B. little brown fine French C. little fine brown French
英语语法之冠词和数词 1.不定冠词a与an的用法 2.定冠词the的用法 3."零"冠词 4.基数词的用法 5.序数词的用法 一. 冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。 a(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。a用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。 1. 不定冠词的用法 (1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如： John is a student. Mary is an English teacher. (2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如: A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please. (3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如： A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside. (4) 表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。例如： Take the medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week. 2. 定冠词用法
(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如： The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. (2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。 例 如：Open the door, please. Jack is in th e library. (3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如： Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yua n. (4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。 例 如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China. Jan uary is the first month of the year. (6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。 例如：The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old. the old 老人the young 年轻人the rich 富人the poor 穷人 the sick 病人the dead 死人 (7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如： the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。 (8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。
一、选择题 1．On Children's Day, Jack received a prize for being ____ honest boy. A．/ ; an B．the; an C．/ ; a 2．— What do you often do after class? — We often take part in after-class activities. I like to play _______ basketball, but my brother likes to play________ guitar. A．a; the B．the; the C．不填; 不填D．不填; the 3．—Who is ____ girl behind the tree ? —Which one ? The one with ______ umbrella ? A．a; the B．an; an C．the; a D．the; an 4．Going to ______ high school for one year in Britain was quite ______ exciting experience for me. A．不填; an B．a; a C．不填; 不填D．the; a 5．—There is a chess match between a Chinese player and AlphaGo（阿尔法）. —It’s very amazing. Playing _____ chess is usually ________ one-to-one game. A．/；a B．the; a C．/；an D．a; the 6．--I hear there will be______ talk on teenage problems next Monday. --Do you mean______ talk our teacher asked us to listen to? A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an D．an; the 7．Middle school students don' t need to go to _ _ school on weekends. They can go to_ _ park for fun with their parents or friends. A．/，a B．a, a C．the, a D．a, / 8．___story of Chang’e is regarded as a touching traditional folk story about the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 9．Today is my little sister’s ______ birthday. My family will get together to cel ebrate it. A．nine B．ninth C．the ninth D．the nine 10．My dear friend, your attitude today has ________ important effects on your success tomorrow. Come on, please. A．a B．an C．/ 11．I want to have ________ English pen pal. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 12．Zhao Youting is _______ famous actor from Taiwan who played the lead role of Ye Hua in ______ TV show Life After Life, Blooms Over Blooms.(《三生三世，十里桃花》) A．a; / B．the; / C．/; the D．a; the 13．—Have you seen ______ movie Nice To Meet You? —Yes, it's ______ wonderful one. A．a, the B．the; a C．the; the D．a; a 14．---Kate, are you only child in your family?
名词专项练习 选择正确的答案 1.Are those ____? No ,they aren't. They're____. A.sheep;cows B.sheep;cow C.sheeps;cow D.sheeps; cows 2.Mum, I'm quite thirsty. Please give me____. A.two orange B.two bottles of orange C.two bottles orange D.two bottles of oranges 3.I have got ___news from my friend. Do you want to know? A.a very good B.any C.a piece of D.two pieces 4.____room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy's and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily's 5.Every morning Mr.Smith takes a ___to his office. A.20 minutes' walk B.20 minute's walk C.20-minutes walk D.20-minute walk 6.This is James Allan Green.We can call him ____. A.Mr. Green B.Mr. Allan C.Mr. James D.James Green 7.Jake and Tom are____. A.good friends B.good friend C.a good friend D.good a friend 8.It's only about ten____walk to the nearest post office. A.minutes B.minute's C.minutes' D.minute 9.He often has____for breakfast. A.two breads B.two piece of bread C.two pieces of bread D.two pieces of breads 10.Mrs.Green has two____. They're very bright. A.childs B.child C.children's D.children 11.What did the headmaster say about Jim's ____. A.two months holiday B.two months' holiday C.two-month holiday . D.two month's holiday 12.I won't go there with you, for I have a lot of ____to do. A.works B.job C.work D.woking 13.Li Lei is a friend of ____. A.I sister B.my sister's C.me sister D.my sister of 14.Have you read ____? A.today's B.today paper C.the today's paper D.today's paper 15.How many ____are there in the room? A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes 16.Many ____have been built in our city since 1987. A.factorys B.factories C.factoryes D.factoris 17.There are lots of ____in the basket on the table. A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes D.tomatoss 18.The cat caught two ____last night. A.mouses B.mice C.mouse D.mices 19.Jake went to have two____pulled out yesterday afternoon. A.tooths B.tooth C.teeth D.toothes 20.In our school there are fifty-five____. A.women teachers B.woman teachers C.women teacher D.woman's teacher
初中英语语法之二冠词和数词 2.1 不定冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。 1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3) 词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 2.2 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那（这）个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把药吃了。 2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a house.I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面： Where do you live?I live on the second floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。 That's the very thing I've been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。 6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体： They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the arm..她抓住了我的手臂。 8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前： the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国 the United States美国 9）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) 11) 用在惯用语中： in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday,the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country) in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,
初中英语语法大全——冠词一. 冠词的定义、位置和种类 在英语中a,an称为不定冠词,the称为定冠词。名词前不用冠词时称为零冠词。有时名词前的冠词可以省略，这与零冠词不同。 二.不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a/an与one同源，表示微弱的一的概念，但并不强调数目，只表示名词为不特定者。不定冠词a/an的用法如下: ①
1. 泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。 A leaf falls much more slowly than a stone. I saw a man in the darkness, but I couldn't make out who it was. 2. 指代一类人或事物。 该用法并不表示具体的某一个人或事物的，而是表示一类人或事物，一般不译为“一”。 A doctor is a person who saves people's lives. A knife is a tool for cutting with. 3. 表示数量中的一。 意义上接近one，但数量概念比one弱，此时常译为“一”。 There is a table and four chairs in that dining room. There is going to be an English lecture this evening. 4. 表示单位量词的“每一”。 用于表示时间、速度、价格等含义的名词之前，有“每一.......”的意思。 Take three pills a day and you'll get better soon. The light blinks once a second. 5. 用于集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前。 (1) 用于集体名词前 ②
使用定冠词的场合 1.用在表示独一无二或被认为唯一东西的名词前。（如果这类名词前边有形容词修饰，表示阴 晴雨雪等不同的状貌，则可用不定冠词。） 2.用在第二次提到的人或物的名词前。 3.某些表示自然界事物（山脉、潮汐、大海、风、雨、雪、田野等）的名词，即使是泛指， 也要用定冠词。 4.用在与先前提及事物存在关联的名词前。 5.用在表示特指（即交谈双方彼此熟知或心照不宣）的人或物的名词（一般为单复数形式的 个体名词）前。 6.用在由后置定语（如短语或从句）修饰的（专用）名词前。 7.用在形容词/副词最高级或序数词前。（部分短语或习语例外，使用零冠词；如 first cousins, be second to, do sth. first thing, at first glance, on second thoughts, first lady, first secretary 和 first prize 等。） 8.当 only, main, sole, same, following, last, next, opposite, present, usual, wrong, ultimate, right, principle 等修饰名词时，前面用定冠词。（only son, only daughter, only child 前可用不定冠词，其他此类形容词前偶尔也可用不定冠词。） 9.“定冠词 + 单数名词”结构表示类属（即表示一类人或物）。英语中表示类属可有三种方 式：①不定冠词 + 单数名词；②定冠词 + 单数名词；③复数名词。但它们的意义有所不同，不定冠词：列举实例（相当于 every/each，“以一概全”）；定冠词：对比类别；复数名词：概括全体（相当于 all）。 10.“定冠词 + 复数名词”结构表示某类人的总称，或集体中的任何一个或多于一个（亦可泛 指时日）。 11.“定冠词 + 形容词/动名词/过去分词/名词”结构表示同一类人或物，或某种抽象概念（如 性质、品质等）。其中，“定冠词 + 形容词”结构还可以表示“部分”概念。【参见附录1.1】 12.“定冠词 + 姓氏复数”结构表示“一家人”的概念。 13.定冠词和部分名词连用表示民族、阶级或阶层等。（如 the Chinese, the bourgeoisie, the intellectuals, the upper class 等。） 14.“定冠词 + 普通名词 + of + 抽象名词”结构表示比喻含义。 15.用在人名（可以是名人或普通人）等专有名词前，表示鉴别意义（该人名前往往有普通名 词或形容词等修饰性成分，表示其特征、性质或某种感情等），或直接用在（交谈双方共指且作同一理解的）名人的姓名前（中间修饰成分可有可无），起到强调作用。 16.用在乐器名词前。 17.用在表示计量单位的名词前，表示“每一”，往往具有 every, each 或 per 的含义。（也 可用不定冠词。） 18.用在表示方向或方位的名词前。（某些“方位名词 + 介词”结构例外，如 north by east, from east to west 等。）（参考“使用零冠词的场合”的第 20 条。） 19.如果方位名词大写，表示某一国家或世界的某一部分时，前面用定冠词。（参考建议同第 17 条。） 20.在 suburbs（郊区）和 countryside（农村）之前用定冠词。 21.用在表示江、河、海、洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾、报刊、杂志、书籍、会议、条约、 信仰、学校、星座、飞机、船舶、舰队、铁路、三军、建筑物、都市、宗教事物、历史朝代等的名词前。【参见附录1.2】 22.中国的湖泊名词前常用定冠词。（一般而言，含有Lake, Mount, Cape 等表示湖泊、独山 和孤岛的名词前均不用定冠词，使用零冠词。）（Ref.P6<②>，实例总结）
冠词和数词【Articles and Numerals】 冠词是虚词，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。本身不能单独使用，在句中不重读。冠词可以分为定冠词【the Definite Article】和不定冠词【the Indefinite Article】。 2.1不定冠词的用法【Usage of the Indefinite Articles】 不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音 词组或成语固定搭配【Word Phrases and Expressions】： a little, a few, a lot, a type of, a pile, a great many, many a, as a rule, in a hurry, in a minute, in a word, in a short while, after a while, have a cold, have a try, keep an eye on, all of a sudden 2.2定冠词的用法【Usage of the Definite Article】 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有那（这）个的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
用在惯用语中【Useful Expressions】： in the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening),the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, in the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
冠词 不定冠词的用法及语法说明 1. 用a 还是用an： 一般说来，在辅音或半元音开头的词前用a, 而在元音开头的词前用an。 注意： 有些以元音字母开头的单词，由于第一个音不是元音而是辅音，其前仍用a 而不用an： a one-eyed man 一个独眼人 a European country 一个欧洲国家 2. 单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加a ，an, 不要从汉语习惯出发，漏掉此不定冠词： He is a famous film star. 他是著名影星。 3. 专有名词转化为普通名词，其前可用a (an)，表示某某人或某某人的一部作品、艺术品等： a Mr Smith 一位名叫史密斯先生的人 4. 物质名词转化为普通名词，其前可以使用a (an)，有时表示相应产品或种类，有时表示数量关系： a good wine 一种好酒 5. 在序数词之前使用a (an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加： Soon I saw a second plane. 不久我又看到了一架飞机。 6. 与形容词的最高级连用，表示“非常”、“很”等： This is a almost interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。 7. 用于修饰名词的定语前，表示某种状态。此时的不定冠词含有类似a kind of 的意思： climate 气候→a mild climate 温和的气候 have breakfast 吃早餐→have a quick breakfast吃快餐 8. 不定冠词a (an) 与数词one 都可表示“一”，但是两者有差别： 不定冠词 a (an) 表示“类别”概念，而数词one 表示“数量”概念
2021年中考英语语法专练二：冠词 ( )1.[2020扬州] In 2016, China set April 24 as country's Space Day. A. a; the B. the; the C. the;/ D. /; the ( )2.[2020?泰州]It’s pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have pity on them since they are part of our big family. A.a;/ B. a; a C./;a D./;/ ( )3. We often have three meals day. And we usually have breakfast at 8: 00 every morning. A. a; the B. a; a C.a;/ D./; the ( )4.[2020?新疆] The photo makes me think of trip to Hangzhou last year. - Yeah, we had great time there. A.a;/ B. an; the C. the;the D. the;a ( )5.[2020?达州改编]-There will be 8-day art exhibition(展览) in Dazhou next month. We can enjoy great works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. -Wow! It must be most unusual exhibition. A. a; the B. at ;an C.an; a D. an; the ( )6. “ apple a day keeps the doctor away,” is useful saying.