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2015年1月绵阳二诊生物试题及答案

2015年1月绵阳二诊生物试题及答案
2015年1月绵阳二诊生物试题及答案

保密 ★ 启用前 【考试时间:2015年1月23日上午9∶00~11∶30】

绵阳市高中2012级第二次诊断性考试

理科综合·生物

理科综合考试时间共150分钟,满分300分。其中物理110分,化学100分,生物90分。 生物试题卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷9至10页,第Ⅱ卷11至12页,共4页。考生作答时,须将答案答在答题卡上,在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共42分)

注意事项:

必须使用2B 铅笔在答题卡上将所选答案对应的标号涂黑。

第Ⅰ卷共7题,每题6分。每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。

1.下列有关物质在生物体内运输的说法中正确的是

A .动物内不存在O 2从细胞扩散到内环境的过程

B .人体内存在两种内分泌腺互为靶器官的情况

C .动物体细胞只能吸收葡萄糖,不能释放葡萄糖

D .生长素只能从高浓度一端向低浓度一端运输 2.下列有关清水在相关实验中应用的说法中正确的是

A .制备细胞膜的实验中,置于清水中的红细胞渗透压逐渐变大直至涨破

B .用溶解于清水的健那绿染液对口腔上皮细胞染色后要用清水洗去浮色

C .发生质壁分离的洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞置于清水中后,液泡颜色将变深

D .制作洋葱根尖分生区装片时,染色前需要用清水洗去解离使用的药液

3.下图为人体免疫系统清除流感病毒(RNA 病毒)的部分过程示意图。结合所学知识,分析下列推测最准确的是

A .细胞甲为

B 细胞,其与细胞乙、丙都能接受抗原刺激 B .有细胞丙参与的免疫过程一定属于人体的特异性免疫

C .与细胞乙相比,细胞丙的高尔基体和溶酶体都更发达

D .细胞丙消化抗原-抗体得到的部分产物可被细胞核利用

细胞甲

抗原 抗体

-抗体

识别

细胞丙

细胞乙

吞噬

4.发菜广泛分布于世界各地的荒漠和贫瘠土壤中,因被大量采挖而被列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生植物,但实际上它不是植物。下列有关说法正确的是 A .发菜属于生产者,其因没有细胞壁所以不是植物 B .提取和分离发菜的色素时,能够得到四条色素带 C .发菜的水土保持作用属于生物多样性的间接价值

D .禁止采挖发菜属于对生物多样性进行的易地保护

5.除了温度和pH 对酶活性有影响外,一些抑制剂也会降低酶的催化效果。图1为酶作用机理及两种抑制剂影响酶活性的机理示意图,图2为相同酶溶液在无抑制剂、添加不同抑制剂的条件下,酶促反应速率随底物浓度变化的曲线。下列说法不正确的是

A .非竞争性抑制剂降低酶活性的机理与高温、低温对酶活性抑制的机理相同

B .据图可推测,竞争性抑制剂与底物具有类似结构而与底物竞争酶的活性位点

C .底物浓度相对值大于15时,限制曲线甲酶促反应速率的主要因素是酶浓度

D .曲线乙和曲线丙分别是在酶中添加了竞争性抑制剂和非竞争性抑制剂的结果 6.某山坡25年前因发生火灾而焚毁所有树木等植被,今年研究人员调查了该区域的几种主要树种不同年龄级的株数,结果如下表。结合所学知识,分析下列说法正确的是

A .山坡上所有植物、动物、微生物组成了该生态系统的基本组成成分

B .山坡最早出现的树木是栎树,在25年间其种群数量呈“S ”型增长

C .最先受到环境制约而停滞增长的是松树,种群密度最大的树是赤杨

D .被火灾焚毁的山坡发生的演替属于初生演替,物种丰富度逐渐变高

7.小鼠睾丸中存在间质细胞和实质细胞,实质细胞就是精原细胞,间质细胞是为实质细胞提供营养物质和相关激素的细胞。科学家用显微镜观察从睾丸中所取的部分组织。下列有关说法正确的是

A .实质细胞和间质细胞因遗传信息不同而功能不同

B .间质细胞产生的激素不需要通过体液运输到靶细胞

C .观察到染色体条数最多的细胞不含姐妹染色单体

D .显微镜下能看到染色体的细胞最多含两条性染色体

酶 底物

产物

抑制剂

竞争性 酶

抑制剂

非竞争性 酶

底物浓度(相对值)

图1 图2

无抑制剂

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共48分)

注意事项:

必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨迹签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上、草稿纸上无效。

第Ⅱ卷共4题。

8.(13分)下图1为植物叶肉细胞中两结构及物质转移示意图,表2为生理状况相同的幼苗在黑暗或3klx光照,不同温度条件下O2的变化速率。结合所学知识,回答下列问题:

(1)图1中结构甲中嵴的作用是,结构乙的囊状结构薄膜上发生的酶促反应是。

(2)图1中a代表的物质是,b(填“可以”或“不可以”)代表葡萄糖,因为。

(3)根据表2推测,图1中结构甲中酶的最适温度(填“低于”、“等于”或“高于”)结构乙中酶的最适温度。为探究3klx光照条件下幼苗生长的最适温度,应该设计的实验是。

(4)在3klx光照、30℃条件下幼苗叶肉细胞中物质b的转移途径是。若每天用3klx强度的光照射幼苗12h,当温度为表2中℃时,幼苗生长最快。

9.(7分)下图为某条小河流从高山湖泊进入大河的示意图及A处水域浮游植物在一年内的变化曲线图,其中工厂会向河流排污。结合所学知识,回答下列问题:

(1)图中高山、河流、村庄在生物种类上的差异属于群落空间结构中的结构,其中河流生态系统中的能量来源是。

(2)食品工厂向河流排污,导致鱼类因为缺少而大量死亡使水体变浑浊,但是在村庄附近的河流又保持清澈见底,这依赖于该河流的能力。

(3)根据图示推测,A处1-2月无机盐大量下降的主要原因是,12月限制浮游植物繁殖的主要因素是。

(4)调查表明,近年来高山冰川越来越少,主要原因是人类活动加速了碳循环的哪一个环节?。

表2

A

高山

村庄

食品工厂

高山湖泊

图1

10.(12分)下图为某同学“饥寒交迫”时体内的一些生理变化过程示意图(A~D 为器官或细胞,①~④为激素)。结合所学知识,回答下列问题:

(1)人体的体温调节中枢位于 ,兴奋在传入神经上以 形式传导,在神经元之间完成信号传递的物质是 。

(2)产生冷觉的A 是 ,其通过控制运动来调节体温的基本过程是 。 (3)当激素③以B 为靶细胞时,体现了激素的 调节,③对B 的作用效应有 、 。

(4)激素④的主要靶器官(细胞)是 ,与其在血糖调节方面相互拮抗的激素是 。

(5)寒冷环境比炎热环境更容易精力集中,兴奋性更高的主要原因是 ,相同饮水量的情况下,冬天的尿液比夏天多的主要原因是 。

11.(16分)某种鸟类(2N=76)为ZW 型性别决定,其羽毛中的黑色素由等位基因A/a 中的A 基因控制合成,且A 基因越多,色素越多。回答下列问题: (1)若等位基因A/a 位于Z 染色体上。

①雌鸟羽毛的颜色有 种,其产生卵细胞的过程中可以形成 个四分体。 ②用两只羽毛颜色相同的个体杂交,子代出现了性状分离现象,则亲代基因型为 ,子代中黑色羽毛∶灰色羽毛∶白色羽毛= 。

(2)若等位基因A/a 位于常染色体上,另有一对不在性染色体上的控制色素分布的等位基因B/b 。研究者进行了如图杂交实验:

①根据杂交实验可以判断,A/a 和B/b 所在染色体属于 ,能够使色素分散形成斑点的基因型是 。

②F 2中基因型种类最多的性状是 ,让F 2中的纯灰色雄鸟与灰色斑点雌鸟杂交,子代新出现的羽毛性状占 。

③若让F 2中所有斑点羽毛个体随机交

配,子代中出现斑点羽毛的个体的概率为 。

④斑点羽毛的鸟在自然环境中比纯色羽毛的鸟更容易被天敌发现,将F 2全部个体放归自然界多年后,种群中A 基因的频率将 (填“变大”、“不变”或“变小”),理由是 。

饥寒交迫

C

肌肉、肝脏

产热增多等

产生冷觉 运动或添加衣物 A

控制

B

D ①

④ 血糖

神经传导 体液运输

纯白 纯黑

× 全部灰色斑点

纯白∶纯灰∶纯黑∶灰色斑点∶黑色斑点

雌雄个体随机交配

P

F 1

F 2 4 ∶ 1 6 3 ∶ ∶ ∶ 2

绵阳市高2012级第二次诊断性考试

理科综合能力测试生物部分参考答案及评分标准

第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共42分)

在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是最符合题目要求的。共7题,每题6分。

1.B

2.D

3.D

4.C

5.A

6.C

7.C

第Ⅱ卷(选择题,共48分)

8.(13分)

(1)增大线粒体内膜面积(1分)A TP的合成(1分)

(2)CO2(1分)不可以(1分)葡萄糖的分解发生在细胞质基质(1分)

(3)高于(2分)在20~30℃之间设置更小的温度梯度进行实验(2分)

(4)乙向甲和细胞外转移(2分)20(2分)

9.(7分)

(1)水平(1分)太阳能和工厂排放污水中有机物的化学能(1分)

(2)氧气(1分)自我调节(1分)

(3)浮游植物大量繁殖消耗了无机盐(1分)温度或光照(1分)

(4)化石燃料的燃烧(1分)

10.(12分)

(1)下丘脑(1分)电信号(1分)神经递质(1分)

(2)大脑皮层(1分)

运动时肌肉的细胞呼吸加快,释放的能量增多,同时散失的热量也增加(1分)(3)反馈(1分)抑制垂体产生促甲状腺激素(1分)提高细胞代谢速率(1分)(4)肝脏细胞(1分)胰岛素(1分)

(5)甲状腺激素含量较高,提高神经兴奋性(1分)汗液分泌较少(1分)

11.(16分)

(1)①2(1分)38(1分)

②Z A W和Z A Z a(1分)1∶2∶1(1分)

(2)①非同源染色体(1分)BB或Bb(1分)

②纯白(2分)1/2(2分)

③64/81(2分)

④变小(2分)斑点羽毛个体中只有Aa和AA两种基因型,没有aa基因型,所

以A比a更容易随B基因淘汰(2分)

2020届绵阳市三诊英语试题 (Word版)

秘密启用前(考试时间:2020年4月22日15:00-17:00] 绵阳市高中2017级第三次诊断性考试 英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 回答听力部分时,先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小腰,从题中所给的A,B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小腰井阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C.£9.15. 答案:C. 1.What will the woman do tonight? A.Eat out. B.Stay at home. C.See a movie. 2.How will the man go to the Central Park? A.By bus. B.By underground. C.On foot. 3.Who is David? A.The man's cousin. B.The man's brother. C.The man's uncle. 4.What is Andy doing? A.Doing homework. B.Tidying his bedroom. C.Washing dishes. 5.What is the weather like now? A.Windy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Boss and secretary.

绵阳市2018年度高三第一次诊断考试英语(2018年度绵阳一诊英语卷)

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2016年级[2018年]绵阳一诊英语试题答案

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【关键字】作文、英语、要点、务必、位置、关键、方式、标准、结构、关键点 绵阳市高中2015 级第一次诊断性考试 英语 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分其中试题卷由第I卷(选择题) 和第II卷(非选择题) 组成,共12页; 答题卡共2页。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚,同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号“栏目内。 2.选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上,如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效: 在草稿纸、试愿卷上答题无效。 3.考试结束后将答题卡收回。 第I卷(选择题,共100分) 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 回答听力部分时,先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5 小题; 每小题1.5 分,满分7.5 分) 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15. 答案是C. 1. Who wants to borrow a camera? B. Jane. A. Mary. C. Alice. 2. What is the man doing? A. Attending an appointment B. Discussing an agreement. C. Applying for a position. 3. Where are the two speakers talking? A. Ina shop. B. In a bank. C. In a cinema. 4. How long did Eric stay abroad in all? A. 9 days. B. 11 days. C. 16 days. 5. Why will Mr. Rogers be off work next week? A. To make his holiday. B. To attend a wedding. C. To travel on business. 第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个

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