Unit 110A
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
integrity component conscience inevitable genuine
yield convenience appoint assure ensure
demonstrate clarify tempt preserve scarce
1. As a family, we want to ____, or keep alive, the Chinese traditions though we are now living in America.
preserve
2. Feeling that the directions for the exercise were difficult to understand, the students asked the teacher to ____ them by explaining them further.
clarify
3. After ____ how to do it, the chemical experts told the graduates to begin the experiment. demonstrating
4. Cheap, clean hotel rooms are ____ in this city, especially in the summer when we have a lot of foreign visitors.
scarce
5. The man, who had been ____ that the plane would be on time, sighed with relief.
assured
6. The general manager's letter, which gave him credit, ____ his promotion.
ensured
7. Though he walked free from court, his ____ kept bothering him for the wrongdoing he had done.
conscience
8. She is a woman of ____ who has never given up her principles for the sake of making money. integrity
9. The clubs were created to help girls not ____ to pressure and teach them how to better defend themselves.
yield
10. This is the first time that a woman has been ____ to the post.
appointed
11. Gaining confidence is a major ____ of developing leadership skills.
component
12. It is ____ that people may sometimes make mistakes.
inevitable
13. He wrote a letter to the company, asking them to send the goods at their earliest ____. convenience
14. I thought the painting was ____ but it was a fake.
genuine
15. The new program is designed to ____ young people into studying engineering.
tempt
Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.
1. Some of her fans were regretful that she had sold out ____ mainstream pop music.
to
2. I soon found that someone else had already done the work I was doing. ____ other words, I was wasting my time.
In
3. The university consists ____ 16 schools with a total number of over 25,000 students.
of
4. But what he stood ____ was good and plain: clean modern houses with all kinds of conveniences.
for
5. He came to realize that he had nobody to rely ____ but himself.
on/upon
6. A great deal will be demanded ____ him as he is the director of the organization.
of
7. From the activities they are engaged ____, we can see they are not so honest.
in
8. Recent economic performance in South Asia suggests that a major crisis is ____ hand.
at
9. We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield ____ any military threat.
to
10. I'd just like to move to a neighborhood where I wouldn't have to see all the problems I'm confronted ____ every day.
with
11. I'm afraid you have to account ____ your being away from class yesterday.
for
12. Mind you, you're not the only one who's thinking ____ the future.
of
13. He wants to be ____ the famous football team, but his slowness will not allow him to qualify. on
14. We take seriously any matters relative ____ world peace.
to
Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.
What's more important to you, money, a comfortable life, or self-respect? Many people believe that we are living in an age where values are in decline. They say that a standard for morality has been __1__ by self-interest. Some people even __2__ the people of this earth will soon be punished and that disasters will destroy much of the civilization today. Most disagree with such __3__, but they do think that it is time to stop our excessive ways.
A non-religious woman from California commented, "I do believe that a moral __4__ should guide our actions. We share this planet and we need to keep the values like __5__ and treat each other with respect. There is a significant need for each inhabitant of this world to take a good look at how they are behaving."
Another man from New York said, "It's not enough to be a good person in your heart. We have to __6__ our good intentions through our actions. There is plenty of __7__ out there. It often causes people to give in to __8__ instead of doing what is right. I have faith that if people
will just start following their __9__ instead of what's easy, things will improve. We are all going to be faced with some __10__ decisions. I think we're ready for the challenge, though."
1. replaced
2. predict
3. conclusions
4. compass
5. integrity
6. demonstrate
7. temptation
8. convenience
9. conscience
10. tough
Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank.
Is integrity fashionable? Is a strong (1) ____ of morality something that we presently desire? What would it cost to (2) ____ a person to sell out their conscience? Many experts on group behavior are (3) ____ tough questions to find out where (4) ____ a group our inner compass is pointing.
If the bank put $1,000 in your (5) ____ by mistake, would you keep it or tell the bank? If you (6) ____ by mistake a better grade on your report card than you earned, would you tell the school or would you keep quiet and keep the better mark? (7) ____ is interesting because almost everyone said that the right thing to do would be to (8) ____ the truth known, and yet a high percentage of the people (9) ____ that they would actually keep quiet in both cases. How can we know what is right, yet fail to (10) ____ it in our actions?
What if, in the first (11) ____, your grandmother happened to need assistance with some medical (12) ____? Almost everyone said they would keep the money and help their grandmother. What is (13) ____ is that in this case, almost half of the people (14) ____ said that keeping the money was also the right thing to do. Even those who said that it was wrong to keep the money thought they could keep the money (15) ____ the purpose was for their grandmother's (16) ____.
What does a conscience (17) ____? Findings from this set of questions (18) ____ that for most the cost is equal to the cost of grandmother's health. A simple (19) ____ would be that most people rely on situations (20) ____ than a core set of values to define what is right and wrong. If given a high enough price their inner compass will inevitably point in the direction of self-interest.
1. sense
2. tempt
3. posing
4. as
5. account
6. were given
7. It
8. make
9. conceded
10. demonstrate
11. instance
12. costs
13. fascinating
14. surveyed
15. when
16. health
17. cost
18. suggest
19. conclusion
20. rather than
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 我把这张照片放在每天都可以看到的地方，因为它能让我想起我上大学的日子。(Use "where" to introduce an adverbial clause)
I keep the picture where I can see it every day as it reminds me of my university days.
2. 在一些国家，所谓的“平等”并不真正意味着所有人拥有平等的权利。(Use "what" meaning to introduce a noun clause)
In some countries, what is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.
3. 他习惯在手边放本词典，以便遇到生词时查找其意义。(at hand)
He is used to keeping a dictionary at hand so that he can find the meaning of new words he comes across.
4. 面对个人压力时，你应该坚信自己将达到最终目标。(confront with, stand for)
When confronted with personal pressure, you should stand firmly for your belief that you will reach your ultimate goal.
5. 换言之，要保持自我，面对现实，不可贪财图利。(sell out to)
In other words, be yourself and face reality, but don't sell out to convenience.
6. 我不喜欢那些总是依赖外在因素使自己感觉良好的人。(rely on)
I don't like those people who always rely on external factors in order to feel good about themselves.
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. Many of his former classmates thought that Tom, who believed in "money for money's sake", had sold out to commercialism.
汤姆相信"为钱而挣钱"，他的许多老同学都认为他把自己卖给了营利主义。
2. The bottom line is that you gain respect from others only when you have learned to respect yourself.
重要的是，你只有学会了尊重自己，才能赢得别人的尊重。
3. His determination, his refusal to yield, and possibly his integrity had helped him win the day.
使他取得成功的是他的决心，他不甘屈服的精神，也可能还有他的正直。
4. The teacher gave credit to the students who had studied hard and done fine in the exam.
老师表扬了那些学习用功、考试考得好的学生。
5. I could make myself feel good by singing, walking or appreciating the beauty of the natural world.
通过唱唱歌，散散步，欣赏欣赏自然界的美，我就能使自己感觉良好。
6. If you keep on working hard like this, you will do fine in any other company.
如果你继续这样努力工作，你在任何别的公司都能干得很好。
Guided Writing
Look at the outline and the sample paragraph which starts with a principle that is supported by an example.
Principle: Set yourself a goal in life.
A survey as an example: a survey at a school/whether having a goal or not/track down/asset worth comparison/having a goal/more likely to succeed
Sample Paragraph
Set yourself a goal in life. A survey was once carried out at a school. One of the questions asked was "Where would you like to be in five years' time?" The result was, only five out of one hundred answers were accepted as having a goal. Five years later, the students were tracked down. It was found that the asset worth of the five people who had had a goal was higher than all of the other ninety-five's added together. Now of course money is not everything, however, to me this shows that people who have a goal in life are more likely to be successful than people who
haven't.
Write a paragraph on one of the following topics. One topic has been given a detailed outline that you can follow.
Principle: Persistence is essential to success.
Abraham Lincoln as an example: be born into poverty/lose eight elections/suffer a nervous breakdown/not quit/be elected
More topics:
It's never too late for success.
It pays to be honest.
Sample Writing:
Persistence is essential to success. Probably the greatest example of persistence is Abraham Lincoln. Born into poverty, Lincoln was faced with defeat throughout his life. He lost eight elections, twice failed in business and suffered a nervous breakdown. He could have quit many times. But he didn't and because he didn't quit, he was elected and became one of the greatest presidents in the history of the United States.
Unit 110B
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
reconcile strategy transform ultimate contemporary
structure expense property appropriate download
cheat incline notion issue curb
1. Those students who ____ to pass exams would pay for it one day.
cheated
2. Almost all teachers are ____ to punish those students who have faked term papers.
inclined
3. Jonah and his youngest son were, on the surface at least, ____, but they could never agree with each other on many things.
reconciled
4. He is not one of those who prefer ____ furniture for their houses.
contemporary
5. At its present developing rate, China will be ____ into a major industrial nation in another 20 years.
transformed
6. You seem to have no ____ of how difficult it is to figure out if the writing is authentic.
notion
7. His ____ goal in life is to have a company of his own and run it well.
ultimate
8. It's not ____ for one to wear a black dress or suit at a wedding.
appropriate
9. Following the advice given by the environmentalists, the city is trying new measures to ____ pollution.
curb
10. Too much of it, however, is thoughtlessly neglected or replaced, often at great ____. expense
11. Unemployment is not the ____ —the real problem is the decline in public morality.
issue
12. The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage of guests' personal ____.
property
13. You can ____ some useful software for free from this Website.
download
14. If we ____ the meeting effectively, I think we should be able to cover everything.
structure
15. Effective language learning ____ are essential for language learners.
strategies
Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.
1. In general, patients don't have access ____ their medical records.
to
2. Regardless ____ whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his advice.
of
3. The US magazine hailed her ____ the greatest jazz singer since the 1950s.
as
4. You can get this newspaper from the post office ____ free.
for
5. It was only after many legal battles that he agreed to hand ____ the farm.
over
6. Before the age of three, most children don't look people ____ the eye when speaking to them. in
7. Little children are not aware ____ the danger of playing with fire.
of
8. However, your suggestion will be kept ____ file and may be of use should circumstances (处境) change in the future.
on
9. Well, I sort ____ thought we could go out sometime.
of
10. We've only got one day in Paris, so we'd better make the most ____ it.
of